Census Profile, 2016 Census
Canada [Country] and Montréal, Territoire équivalent [Census division], Quebec

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Canada [Country]			Montréal, TÉ Quebec [Census division]
	Data quality , Canada [Country]  Map : Canada [Country] Change geography 1			Data quality : Montréal, Territoire équivalent [Census division], Quebec  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	35,151,728	...	...	1,942,044	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	33,476,688	...	...	1,886,481	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	5.0	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	15,412,443	...	...	939,112	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	14,072,079	...	...	870,373	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	3.9	...	...	3,889.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	8,965,588.85	...	...	499.26	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	35,151,730	17,264,200	17,887,530	1,942,045	944,490	997,560
0 to 14 years	5,839,565	2,992,920	2,846,645	304,470	155,320	149,155
0 to 4 years	1,898,790	973,030	925,760	109,740	56,060	53,680
5 to 9 years	2,018,130	1,034,685	983,445	104,385	53,250	51,130
10 to 14 years	1,922,645	985,200	937,445	90,350	46,010	44,340
15 to 64 years	23,376,530	11,576,130	11,800,400	1,313,915	653,520	660,395
15 to 19 years	2,026,160	1,039,215	986,940	97,835	49,365	48,465
20 to 24 years	2,242,690	1,144,495	1,098,200	139,720	69,190	70,530
25 to 29 years	2,285,990	1,144,470	1,141,515	153,505	75,655	77,850
30 to 34 years	2,329,395	1,148,290	1,181,110	152,195	74,675	77,520
35 to 39 years	2,288,365	1,118,635	1,169,730	147,480	73,440	74,040
40 to 44 years	2,255,135	1,104,440	1,150,695	128,970	65,105	63,860
45 to 49 years	2,359,965	1,157,760	1,202,210	125,505	63,790	61,715
50 to 54 years	2,678,075	1,318,755	1,359,320	131,865	67,065	64,800
55 to 59 years	2,620,240	1,285,190	1,335,055	127,010	62,680	64,330
60 to 64 years	2,290,510	1,114,885	1,175,630	109,825	52,545	57,285
65 years and over	5,935,630	2,695,150	3,240,485	323,660	135,650	188,010
65 to 69 years	1,972,480	953,075	1,019,405	95,180	44,325	50,855
70 to 74 years	1,420,875	677,975	742,900	72,390	31,985	40,410
75 to 79 years	1,021,850	469,550	552,300	57,290	24,010	33,275
80 to 84 years	749,650	325,765	423,880	46,700	18,670	28,030
85 years and over	770,780	268,790	501,990	52,100	16,660	35,445
85 to 89 years	482,525	185,535	296,990	32,310	11,365	20,945
90 to 94 years	223,510	68,675	154,835	15,195	4,360	10,835
95 to 99 years	56,525	13,240	43,280	3,950	830	3,120
100 years and over	8,230	1,340	6,890	650	100	540
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.3	15.9	15.7	16.4	15.0
15 to 64 years	66.5	67.1	66.0	67.7	69.2	66.2
65 years and over	16.9	15.6	18.1	16.7	14.4	18.8
85 years and over	2.2	1.6	2.8	2.7	1.8	3.6
Average age of the population	41.0	40.1	41.9	40.6	39.4	41.8
Median age of the population	41.2	40.2	42.2	39.1	38.2	40.1
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	14,072,080	...	...	870,375	...	...
Single-detached house	7,541,495	...	...	99,485	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,391,040	...	...	126,600	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	4,949,795	...	...	643,860	...	...
Semi-detached house	698,800	...	...	32,185	...	...
Row house	891,305	...	...	33,500	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	784,300	...	...	108,890	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,539,390	...	...	465,920	...	...
Other single-attached house	36,005	...	...	3,370	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	189,755	...	...	425	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	14,072,080	...	...	870,370	...	...
1 person	3,969,790	...	...	342,510	...	...
2 persons	4,834,605	...	...	259,295	...	...
3 persons	2,140,640	...	...	118,645	...	...
4 persons	1,946,275	...	...	97,490	...	...
5 or more persons	1,180,770	...	...	52,435	...	...
Number of persons in private households	34,460,060	...	...	1,895,000	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	29,312,160	14,271,280	15,040,885	1,637,575	789,170	848,405
Married or living common law	16,893,720	8,452,135	8,441,585	799,705	402,505	397,195
Married	13,383,455	6,693,465	6,689,990	579,130	290,175	288,960
Living common law	3,510,265	1,758,670	1,751,590	220,575	112,335	108,240
Not married and not living common law	12,418,440	5,819,140	6,599,300	837,870	386,665	451,205
Never married	8,254,340	4,444,425	3,809,915	585,780	308,260	277,520
Separated	718,295	309,905	408,400	33,630	14,010	19,620
Divorced	1,816,005	725,535	1,090,470	127,000	46,890	80,110
Widowed	1,629,800	339,280	1,290,525	91,460	17,505	73,960
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	9,840,730	...	...	485,285	...	...
2 persons	5,007,790	...	...	241,425	...	...
3 persons	2,107,830	...	...	109,090	...	...
4 persons	1,909,935	...	...	93,220	...	...
5 or more persons	815,170	...	...	41,555	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	9,840,730	...	...	485,285	...	...
Total couple families	8,227,925	...	...	385,585	...	...
Married couples	6,474,005	...	...	275,400	...	...
Common-law couples	1,753,920	...	...	110,185	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,612,805	...	...	99,700	...	...
Female parent	1,262,340	...	...	81,190	...	...
Male parent	350,465	...	...	18,505	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	8,227,925	...	...	385,585	...	...
Couples without children	4,024,305	...	...	178,105	...	...
Couples with children	4,203,615	...	...	207,475	...	...
1 child	1,650,165	...	...	82,305	...	...
2 children	1,783,080	...	...	85,985	...	...
3 or more children	770,375	...	...	39,185	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,612,805	...	...	99,700	...	...
1 child	983,485	...	...	63,310	...	...
2 children	457,670	...	...	26,780	...	...
3 or more children	171,655	...	...	9,610	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	6,107,260	2,941,395	3,165,865	488,715	238,040	250,675
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	14,072,075	...	...	870,375	...	...
One-census-family households	9,218,225	...	...	469,260	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	3,782,095	...	...	172,615	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	5,436,135	...	...	296,640	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	301,715	...	...	7,855	...	...
Non-census-family households	4,552,135	...	...	393,260	...	...
One-person households	3,969,790	...	...	342,505	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	582,350	...	...	50,750	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,080	1,914,760	933,260	981,495
English only	23,757,525	11,838,075	11,919,455	220,425	109,555	110,870
French only	4,144,685	1,925,845	2,218,840	517,445	230,460	286,990
English and French	6,216,065	3,071,325	3,144,740	1,131,680	575,450	556,225
Neither English nor French	648,970	265,920	383,045	45,210	17,800	27,405
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085	1,914,755	933,260	981,500
English	26,007,500	12,852,330	13,155,165	543,485	270,085	273,400
French	7,705,755	3,780,105	3,925,650	1,164,335	562,200	602,135
English and French	417,485	209,130	208,355	163,025	83,800	79,230
Neither English nor French	636,515	259,600	376,910	43,910	17,175	26,735
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	7,914,495	3,884,670	4,029,825	625,000	311,985	313,015
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	22.8	22.7	22.8	32.6	33.4	31.9
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,085	1,914,760	933,265	981,495
Single responses	33,948,620	16,702,840	17,245,775	1,823,085	887,650	935,430
Official languages	26,627,555	13,201,620	13,425,940	1,195,590	584,190	611,405
English	19,460,850	9,680,125	9,780,725	307,080	153,045	154,040
French	7,166,705	3,521,495	3,645,215	888,515	431,145	457,365
Non-official languages	7,321,065	3,501,220	3,819,840	627,490	303,465	324,025
Aboriginal languages	195,700	94,795	100,900	580	205	380
Algonquian languages	130,450	62,930	67,520	310	120	190
Blackfoot	2,815	1,325	1,490	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	88,445	42,920	45,530	275	100	175
Atikamekw	6,150	3,135	3,015	25	5	20
Montagnais (Innu)	10,230	4,885	5,350	40	10	30
Moose Cree	100	50	55	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,205	590	620	15	10	10
Northern East Cree	315	125	190	50	25	30
Plains Cree	3,065	1,360	1,710	5	0	0
Southern East Cree	45	20	25	5	5	0
Swampy Cree	1,440	585	850	0	0	0
Woods Cree	1,840	865	975	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	64,050	31,305	32,745	130	50	85
Eastern Algonquian languages	6,990	3,310	3,680	15	5	10
Malecite	305	140	160	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	6,690	3,170	3,520	15	5	10
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	32,150	15,350	16,800	20	15	10
Algonquin	1,260	590	670	15	10	5
Ojibway	17,890	8,440	9,450	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	12,855	6,260	6,595	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	150	65	85	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	45	25	20	5	0	0
Athabaskan languages	17,365	8,325	9,045	10	5	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	17,315	8,310	9,010	5	5	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	110	55	60	0	0	0
Beaver	190	85	105	0	0	0
Carrier	1,025	465	565	0	0	0
Chilcotin	660	295	360	0	0	0
Dene	10,700	5,185	5,515	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	1,645	840	815	0	0	0
Gwich'in	260	110	145	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	80	25	50	0	0	0
Sekani	90	45	45	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	1,995	950	1,045	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	765	365	400	0	0	0
South Slavey	945	455	495	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	280	130	150	5	5	5
Tahltan languages	270	135	140	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	180	90	90	0	0	0
Tahltan	95	40	50	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	290	120	170	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	215	90	135	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	70	30	40	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	50	20	35	0	0	0
Haida	75	35	40	0	0	0
Inuit languages	36,545	18,100	18,445	210	60	150
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,025	445	575	0	0	0
Inuktitut	35,215	17,530	17,680	170	45	130
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	315	125	185	30	10	20
Iroquoian languages	1,115	485	635	30	15	15
Cayuga	45	20	20	0	0	0
Mohawk	980	430	555	30	15	10
Oneida	55	20	40	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	35	15	20	0	0	5
Kutenai	105	55	55	0	0	0
Michif	465	230	235	0	0	0
Salish languages	2,305	1,130	1,180	0	0	0
Comox	80	45	40	0	0	0
Halkomelem	475	225	245	0	0	0
Lillooet	315	155	155	0	0	0
Okanagan	270	135	135	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	445	225	220	0	0	0
Squamish	40	20	20	0	0	0
Straits	80	40	40	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	335	150	185	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	255	135	125	0	0	0
Siouan languages	4,285	2,070	2,220	0	0	0
Dakota	1,215	570	635	5	0	0
Stoney	3,025	1,465	1,555	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	55	30	25	0	0	0
Tlingit	95	40	55	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	1,480	730	755	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	880	435	445	0	0	0
Nisga'a	400	200	200	5	0	0
Tsimshian	200	90	110	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	805	370	435	0	0	0
Haisla	90	40	50	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	95	40	55	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	325	145	185	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	285	135	140	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	585	295	295	25	15	10
Non-Aboriginal languages	7,125,365	3,406,425	3,718,945	626,905	303,255	323,655
Afro-Asiatic languages	575,365	298,060	277,300	122,040	64,460	57,575
Berber languages	22,135	11,865	10,270	13,915	7,405	6,515
Kabyle	13,150	6,995	6,155	8,560	4,560	3,995
Berber languages, n.i.e.	8,985	4,865	4,115	5,360	2,840	2,515
Cushitic languages	42,885	20,095	22,790	695	330	360
Bilen	805	455	350	15	5	10
Oromo	4,960	2,560	2,400	5	5	0
Somali	36,755	16,895	19,865	660	310	355
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	365	195	170	15	10	5
Semitic languages	509,190	265,465	243,725	107,255	56,630	50,625
Amharic	22,465	10,720	11,745	585	275	310
Arabic	419,890	220,785	199,105	102,805	54,340	48,465
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	16,070	7,910	8,160	55	25	25
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5,545	2,780	2,770	5	0	0
Harari	1,320	635	685	5	0	0
Hebrew	19,530	10,480	9,045	3,435	1,800	1,635
Maltese	5,565	2,765	2,800	10	5	5
Tigrigna	16,650	8,310	8,340	305	145	160
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	2,155	1,085	1,070	45	25	20
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	1,155	635	520	175	100	75
Austro-Asiatic languages	176,725	81,810	94,920	24,425	11,465	12,960
Khmer (Cambodian)	20,130	9,270	10,860	4,980	2,315	2,660
Vietnamese	156,425	72,470	83,955	19,435	9,145	10,290
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	170	65	100	10	5	5
Austronesian languages	511,480	211,580	299,900	17,455	6,340	11,115
Bikol	1,790	790	1,000	100	35	65
Cebuano	19,890	7,930	11,960	650	230	425
Fijian	745	400	345	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	6,885	2,680	4,205	370	120	255
Ilocano	26,345	10,620	15,720	1,910	695	1,210
Malagasy	1,430	665	760	445	200	250
Malay	12,275	5,255	7,020	455	185	270
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	4,040	1,865	2,175	180	80	95
Pangasinan	1,390	590	800	80	35	45
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	431,380	178,575	252,810	12,980	4,650	8,330
Waray-Waray	1,110	430	675	40	5	35
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	4,195	1,770	2,425	240	100	140
Creole languages	72,125	32,310	39,820	36,850	16,270	20,580
Haitian Creole	3,030	1,445	1,590	1,320	630	685
Creole, n.o.s.	64,105	28,455	35,660	35,015	15,370	19,650
Creole languages, n.i.e.	4,985	2,410	2,575	510	265	245
Dravidian languages	189,405	94,765	94,640	11,900	5,990	5,915
Kannada	3,970	2,040	1,935	200	105	95
Malayalam	28,570	14,770	13,800	335	185	150
Tamil	140,720	69,080	71,640	10,860	5,395	5,470
Telugu	15,655	8,640	7,020	495	300	190
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	490	240	250	10	5	5
Hmong-Mien languages	795	395	405	20	10	10
Indo-European languages	3,877,330	1,889,400	1,987,930	328,955	158,575	170,380
Albanian	26,890	13,610	13,285	1,735	880	855
Armenian	33,455	16,270	17,185	7,455	3,530	3,925
Balto-Slavic languages	701,975	323,640	378,340	41,965	18,705	23,260
Baltic languages	12,530	5,315	7,215	570	200	365
Latvian	5,455	2,350	3,105	200	75	125
Lithuanian	7,075	2,965	4,115	370	125	240
Slavic languages	689,450	318,325	371,115	41,395	18,505	22,895
Belarusan	810	385	430	50	30	20
Bosnian	12,210	6,035	6,180	290	140	150
Bulgarian	20,025	9,675	10,345	4,300	2,060	2,245
Croatian	48,200	23,540	24,665	1,195	590	605
Czech	22,290	10,525	11,765	830	380	445
Macedonian	16,775	8,050	8,725	100	50	55
Polish	181,710	82,435	99,275	8,875	3,815	5,060
Russian	188,255	85,400	102,855	18,990	8,425	10,565
Serbian	57,350	28,535	28,815	1,490	725	765
Serbo-Croatian	9,555	4,565	4,985	480	215	265
Slovak	17,580	8,075	9,510	640	265	380
Slovene (Slovenian)	9,790	4,415	5,370	405	185	225
Ukrainian	102,485	45,440	57,040	3,680	1,590	2,085
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	2,415	1,255	1,165	80	40	40
Celtic languages	2,690	1,335	1,360	60	35	25
Scottish Gaelic	1,090	540	550	15	10	0
Welsh	1,075	495	575	15	5	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	530	295	235	35	15	10
Germanic languages	538,765	258,410	280,350	15,160	7,225	7,935
Afrikaans	10,265	5,115	5,145	70	35	35
Danish	12,630	6,245	6,390	205	90	115
Dutch	99,020	48,200	50,820	1,175	590	585
Frisian	2,100	1,095	1,005	5	0	0
German	384,035	183,215	200,820	6,075	2,695	3,380
Icelandic	1,285	600	685	55	25	25
Norwegian	4,615	2,170	2,445	115	60	50
Swedish	6,840	3,015	3,825	335	150	185
Vlaams (Flemish)	3,895	1,730	2,165	140	50	95
Yiddish	13,555	6,750	6,800	6,925	3,495	3,430
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	525	280	240	70	40	30
Greek	106,525	53,350	53,170	20,075	9,905	10,180
Indo-Iranian languages	1,312,750	664,120	648,630	52,615	27,185	25,430
Indo-Aryan languages	1,064,760	538,530	526,235	34,700	18,190	16,515
Bengali	73,125	37,410	35,720	9,620	4,915	4,710
Gujarati	108,780	55,105	53,670	5,120	2,515	2,600
Hindi	110,640	55,880	54,765	2,320	1,265	1,060
Kashmiri	565	300	265	15	15	0
Konkani	3,330	1,625	1,710	85	50	35
Marathi	8,295	4,300	3,995	195	120	80
Nepali	18,275	9,230	9,045	160	85	80
Oriya (Odia)	1,055	560	495	25	20	10
Punjabi (Panjabi)	501,680	253,515	248,160	8,930	4,950	3,980
Sindhi	11,860	5,605	6,260	260	125	135
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	16,335	8,050	8,285	445	210	235
Urdu	210,815	106,960	103,860	7,520	3,925	3,595
Iranian languages	242,805	122,835	119,970	17,675	8,860	8,815
Kurdish	11,705	6,345	5,355	580	305	275
Pashto	16,910	8,760	8,145	905	480	425
Persian (Farsi)	214,200	107,725	106,470	16,185	8,070	8,110
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5,180	2,755	2,425	235	135	100
Italic (Romance) languages	1,154,270	558,660	595,615	189,890	91,115	98,770
Catalan	865	440	425	215	105	110
Italian	375,635	184,415	191,220	74,490	35,605	38,880
Portuguese	221,540	106,630	114,910	18,525	8,890	9,640
Romanian	96,665	46,195	50,470	18,370	8,715	9,650
Spanish	458,850	220,605	238,245	78,220	37,760	40,460
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	720	380	340	70	40	35
Japanese	43,640	14,790	28,855	1,705	545	1,165
Kartvelian languages	1,715	910	805	140	70	75
Georgian	1,715	910	805	140	65	75
Korean	153,425	70,310	83,115	4,155	1,865	2,290
Mongolic languages	1,575	690	885	155	65	90
Mongolian	1,575	690	880	155	65	90
Niger-Congo languages	91,375	45,075	46,305	13,995	7,115	6,880
Akan (Twi)	13,455	6,490	6,970	790	390	400
Bamanankan	1,535	815	720	695	395	305
Edo	1,670	770	900	60	35	20
Ewe	1,760	950	805	330	180	145
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	2,825	1,495	1,335	1,185	615	570
Ga	920	445	470	55	25	30
Ganda	1,295	625	665	10	5	5
Igbo	4,235	2,265	1,970	80	45	35
Lingala	3,810	1,785	2,025	1,520	695	825
Rundi (Kirundi)	5,845	2,785	3,060	1,185	570	620
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5,250	2,355	2,895	1,025	460	565
Shona	3,180	1,520	1,665	55	30	25
Swahili	13,370	6,385	6,990	895	425	470
Wolof	3,990	2,170	1,820	1,720	935	785
Yoruba	9,085	4,785	4,300	165	95	65
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	19,135	9,435	9,695	4,220	2,195	2,025
Nilo-Saharan languages	5,870	3,025	2,845	120	70	50
Dinka	2,120	1,115	1,000	0	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	3,755	1,910	1,840	120	70	50
Sign languages	7,500	3,925	3,575	415	220	195
American Sign Language	2,685	1,320	1,360	35	20	15
Quebec Sign Language	695	340	355	185	90	95
Sign languages, n.i.e	4,120	2,265	1,860	195	110	85
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,269,215	589,570	679,645	52,755	24,555	28,200
Chinese languages	1,253,360	581,650	671,715	52,615	24,480	28,130
Cantonese	565,270	262,865	302,405	15,850	7,470	8,385
Hakka	10,910	4,900	6,015	300	130	165
Mandarin	592,040	274,630	317,410	30,720	14,205	16,515
Min Dong	1,230	580	650	20	10	10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	31,795	14,450	17,350	2,400	1,100	1,300
Wu (Shanghainese)	12,915	5,780	7,140	750	325	425
Chinese, n.o.s.	38,580	18,165	20,410	2,505	1,200	1,305
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	610	275	335	60	30	35
Tibeto-Burman languages	15,850	7,925	7,935	140	75	70
Burmese	3,585	1,795	1,790	45	15	30
Karenic languages	4,705	2,355	2,350	0	0	0
Tibetan	6,165	3,080	3,080	35	20	15
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	1,400	695	705	55	35	25
Tai-Kadai languages	22,010	8,870	13,145	1,845	830	1,020
Lao	12,670	6,145	6,525	1,495	740	755
Thai	9,255	2,690	6,565	350	90	260
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	80	35	55	5	5	5
Turkic languages	40,140	21,120	19,025	5,555	2,835	2,720
Azerbaijani	3,260	1,785	1,470	205	115	90
Turkish	32,815	17,375	15,440	4,935	2,520	2,410
Uyghur	1,035	510	525	140	75	75
Uzbek	1,715	855	865	120	60	60
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	1,315	590	720	150	65	85
Uralic languages	81,985	37,790	44,195	4,020	1,775	2,245
Estonian	5,445	2,325	3,115	150	60	90
Finnish	15,295	6,395	8,900	220	70	150
Hungarian	61,235	29,060	32,175	3,650	1,650	2,005
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	5	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	3,690	2,045	1,645	395	210	180
Multiple responses	818,635	398,325	420,305	91,675	45,610	46,070
English and French	165,320	80,460	84,860	25,185	12,820	12,370
English and non-official language	533,265	259,160	274,100	18,760	9,105	9,655
French and non-official language	86,150	42,170	43,985	37,330	18,385	18,945
English, French and non-official language	33,900	16,535	17,365	10,410	5,305	5,100
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085	1,914,760	933,260	981,495
Single responses	33,103,860	16,298,475	16,805,395	1,740,120	848,190	891,920
Official languages	29,106,670	14,383,020	14,723,645	1,390,200	681,120	709,085
English	22,162,865	10,966,135	11,196,730	437,070	216,650	220,420
French	6,943,800	3,416,890	3,526,910	953,130	464,465	488,665
Non-official languages	3,997,195	1,915,450	2,081,750	349,915	167,075	182,835
Aboriginal languages	118,470	59,720	58,750	230	100	130
Algonquian languages	75,080	37,825	37,260	135	60	75
Blackfoot	1,115	555	555	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	55,825	28,135	27,685	130	60	70
Atikamekw	5,465	2,825	2,640	5	5	5
Montagnais (Innu)	8,590	4,195	4,395	15	5	15
Moose Cree	10	5	5	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,200	595	605	5	5	5
Northern East Cree	110	55	60	30	15	15
Plains Cree	1,350	665	685	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	20	5	15	5	0	5
Swampy Cree	330	140	190	0	0	0
Woods Cree	800	410	390	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	37,945	19,240	18,710	65	30	35
Eastern Algonquian languages	3,615	1,795	1,820	0	5	0
Malecite	55	30	30	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	3,560	1,770	1,795	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	14,525	7,335	7,190	5	0	0
Algonquin	370	170	200	5	0	0
Ojibway	6,175	3,165	3,015	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	7,900	3,960	3,940	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	75	40	35	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10,265	5,125	5,135	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10,255	5,120	5,135	5	0	5
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Beaver	50	30	20	0	0	0
Carrier	245	115	130	0	0	0
Chilcotin	255	125	130	0	0	0
Dene	7,710	3,805	3,905	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	1,020	550	475	0	0	0
Gwich'in	45	25	25	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sekani	15	10	5	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	820	425	395	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	340	180	155	0	0	0
South Slavey	370	190	185	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	105	55	55	5	0	0
Tahltan languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	25	10	10	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	5	5	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	25	15	10	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	10	0	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Haida	10	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	29,490	14,995	14,495	70	25	45
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	165	75	90	0	0	0
Inuktitut	29,230	14,885	14,345	60	20	40
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	90	40	55	10	5	5
Iroquoian languages	285	135	155	10	10	5
Cayuga	10	0	5	0	0	0
Mohawk	255	115	140	10	10	5
Oneida	15	5	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kutenai	15	10	5	0	0	0
Michif	85	40	45	0	0	0
Salish languages	285	130	150	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	45	20	25	0	0	0
Lillooet	25	15	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	85	35	45	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	55	30	20	0	0	0
Squamish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Straits	20	10	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages	2,225	1,085	1,140	0	0	0
Dakota	255	140	120	0	0	0
Stoney	1,950	940	1,010	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Tlingit	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	410	210	190	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	315	155	155	0	0	0
Nisga'a	70	40	30	0	0	0
Tsimshian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	75	45	35	0	0	0
Haisla	20	10	15	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	235	110	125	10	5	5
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,878,725	1,855,730	2,022,995	349,685	166,975	182,705
Afro-Asiatic languages	307,755	153,275	154,480	58,305	29,780	28,525
Berber languages	8,105	4,215	3,895	5,315	2,790	2,525
Kabyle	5,490	2,855	2,640	3,640	1,920	1,720
Berber languages, n.i.e.	2,620	1,365	1,260	1,675	875	800
Cushitic languages	27,095	12,455	14,640	335	145	195
Bilen	620	330	285	5	0	5
Oromo	3,410	1,700	1,710	5	0	0
Somali	22,895	10,340	12,555	325	135	185
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	185	85	95	5	0	0
Semitic languages	272,100	136,390	135,720	52,600	26,815	25,780
Amharic	12,780	6,010	6,770	290	130	155
Arabic	223,540	112,690	110,850	50,575	25,800	24,770
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10,510	5,090	5,425	35	15	20
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	3,445	1,695	1,750	0	0	0
Harari	735	335	400	5	0	0
Hebrew	8,560	4,425	4,135	1,500	775	730
Maltese	1,130	525	605	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10,205	5,040	5,170	180	85	95
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	1,200	585	620	15	5	10
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	440	215	230	60	25	35
Austro-Asiatic languages	115,210	53,500	61,710	17,930	8,340	9,585
Khmer (Cambodian)	10,880	4,940	5,945	3,120	1,425	1,695
Vietnamese	104,245	48,525	55,725	14,805	6,915	7,890
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	85	40	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	239,785	108,110	131,680	8,615	3,420	5,190
Bikol	290	140	155	10	5	5
Cebuano	7,210	3,325	3,880	210	90	115
Fijian	195	105	90	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	2,205	970	1,240	115	50	65
Ilocano	9,125	4,045	5,080	695	285	410
Malagasy	435	220	210	135	70	65
Malay	3,620	1,710	1,910	130	70	65
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,200	565	630	55	30	25
Pangasinan	240	110	135	15	5	5
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	213,790	96,235	117,555	7,195	2,795	4,400
Waray-Waray	310	135	170	10	5	10
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,160	545	620	45	20	30
Creole languages	27,860	12,005	15,850	14,360	6,180	8,180
Haitian Creole	1,280	575	705	570	260	305
Creole, n.o.s.	24,575	10,510	14,060	13,580	5,825	7,755
Creole languages, n.i.e.	2,005	920	1,085	210	95	115
Dravidian languages	122,490	59,780	62,710	9,265	4,605	4,665
Kannada	1,630	825	800	120	70	55
Malayalam	15,440	7,865	7,575	155	75	80
Tamil	96,955	46,570	50,385	8,700	4,290	4,415
Telugu	8,280	4,430	3,850	280	165	115
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	190	85	105	10	5	5
Hmong-Mien languages	340	160	180	15	10	5
Indo-European languages	1,911,215	927,225	983,985	185,570	88,155	97,420
Albanian	13,135	6,575	6,560	990	485	505
Armenian	21,505	10,165	11,345	5,185	2,375	2,810
Balto-Slavic languages	314,965	149,315	165,650	25,165	11,655	13,510
Baltic languages	3,275	1,400	1,870	135	55	85
Latvian	1,255	530	725	55	30	30
Lithuanian	2,020	870	1,150	80	30	55
Slavic languages	311,690	147,910	163,780	25,025	11,605	13,430
Belarusan	230	105	120	15	10	10
Bosnian	6,045	3,010	3,040	165	75	90
Bulgarian	11,985	5,835	6,150	3,115	1,500	1,610
Croatian	16,775	7,980	8,795	520	240	280
Czech	6,235	3,060	3,180	245	115	135
Macedonian	6,830	3,250	3,580	60	30	30
Polish	74,780	34,910	39,870	3,985	1,770	2,210
Russian	116,595	55,175	61,425	13,830	6,450	7,385
Serbian	31,750	15,665	16,085	870	430	445
Serbo-Croatian	3,885	1,865	2,020	200	90	110
Slovak	5,615	2,685	2,920	135	65	75
Slovene (Slovenian)	2,050	905	1,145	130	55	80
Ukrainian	28,250	13,150	15,100	1,725	765	955
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	670	310	360	20	10	10
Celtic languages	360	205	155	10	10	5
Scottish Gaelic	185	105	80	0	5	0
Welsh	95	50	45	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	80	50	30	10	10	0
Germanic languages	146,455	71,835	74,615	6,165	3,130	3,035
Afrikaans	4,790	2,355	2,435	10	5	5
Danish	855	410	445	25	15	10
Dutch	9,565	4,630	4,935	190	90	95
Frisian	185	95	90	0	0	0
German	120,335	58,905	61,435	1,075	485	595
Icelandic	270	120	150	30	15	20
Norwegian	345	145	200	10	10	5
Swedish	1,045	500	545	75	35	35
Vlaams (Flemish)	355	170	185	10	0	10
Yiddish	7,080	3,695	3,385	4,730	2,475	2,250
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	1,625	820	810	5	0	5
Greek	44,545	21,110	23,440	10,425	4,915	5,515
Indo-Iranian languages	838,755	416,960	421,795	37,260	18,705	18,555
Indo-Aryan languages	676,185	337,440	338,745	24,025	12,260	11,765
Bengali	47,350	23,585	23,765	7,295	3,620	3,670
Gujarati	64,150	31,740	32,405	3,290	1,600	1,685
Hindi	55,510	27,805	27,710	1,160	600	560
Kashmiri	135	70	70	0	0	0
Konkani	720	355	370	30	15	15
Marathi	3,780	1,940	1,840	65	35	30
Nepali	13,375	6,710	6,670	105	50	55
Oriya (Odia)	470	235	240	15	5	5
Punjabi (Panjabi)	349,145	174,905	174,240	6,380	3,460	2,925
Sindhi	4,975	2,280	2,695	95	45	50
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	7,790	3,860	3,925	250	120	125
Urdu	128,785	63,965	64,820	5,350	2,715	2,635
Iranian languages	160,195	78,310	81,880	13,120	6,385	6,740
Kurdish	6,580	3,400	3,175	300	150	145
Pashto	10,590	5,305	5,290	675	335	335
Persian (Farsi)	143,020	69,600	73,425	12,150	5,900	6,255
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	2,375	1,215	1,160	115	60	50
Italic (Romance) languages	531,485	251,050	280,440	100,365	46,870	53,495
Catalan	355	165	190	85	40	45
Italian	115,415	49,975	65,440	27,910	12,205	15,705
Portuguese	98,710	46,915	51,795	9,655	4,555	5,100
Romanian	53,320	25,795	27,525	12,610	6,115	6,500
Spanish	263,510	128,110	135,400	50,085	23,950	26,140
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	180	85	95	25	15	10
Japanese	19,785	8,265	11,515	735	310	430
Kartvelian languages	1,040	565	475	65	35	30
Georgian	1,035	565	475	60	30	35
Korean	109,705	51,385	58,320	2,950	1,355	1,595
Mongolic languages	910	440	470	125	60	65
Mongolian	910	435	470	120	60	65
Niger-Congo languages	28,665	13,340	15,320	3,535	1,725	1,805
Akan (Twi)	5,990	2,695	3,295	370	180	190
Bamanankan	340	180	160	180	100	80
Edo	415	175	240	10	0	5
Ewe	410	185	225	75	30	45
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	825	400	425	355	175	180
Ga	250	105	140	10	5	5
Ganda	345	160	185	0	0	0
Igbo	1,000	485	510	10	0	5
Lingala	1,045	455	590	375	155	220
Rundi (Kirundi)	2,110	990	1,115	360	170	195
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	1,530	670	865	270	115	155
Shona	1,035	475	560	20	10	10
Swahili	5,370	2,500	2,870	275	145	130
Wolof	1,380	745	635	535	300	240
Yoruba	2,615	1,275	1,340	40	15	20
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	4,010	1,850	2,160	645	325	320
Nilo-Saharan languages	2,650	1,305	1,350	35	20	15
Dinka	1,130	580	550	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	1,525	730	800	40	25	15
Sign languages	10,445	5,870	4,570	585	345	245
American Sign Language	3,015	1,560	1,460	45	20	25
Quebec Sign Language	730	375	355	245	130	125
Sign languages, n.i.e	6,690	3,935	2,755	290	195	95
Sino-Tibetan languages	924,720	433,530	491,190	41,620	19,770	21,845
Chinese languages	913,365	427,860	485,505	41,560	19,745	21,820
Cantonese	400,215	184,340	215,885	11,620	5,465	6,160
Hakka	4,080	1,820	2,265	105	50	55
Mandarin	462,890	220,075	242,815	26,080	12,475	13,605
Min Dong	345	150	195	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	13,965	6,345	7,625	1,410	645	770
Wu (Shanghainese)	7,650	3,580	4,075	580	265	315
Chinese, n.o.s.	23,935	11,440	12,500	1,730	830	905
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	280	130	150	30	15	15
Tibeto-Burman languages	11,350	5,670	5,680	60	30	30
Burmese	2,245	1,115	1,125	20	10	10
Karenic languages	3,865	1,935	1,930	0	0	0
Tibetan	4,590	2,305	2,280	15	5	5
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	655	305	345	25	15	10
Tai-Kadai languages	9,565	4,455	5,110	930	455	475
Lao	6,175	2,995	3,180	810	405	405
Thai	3,360	1,450	1,915	120	50	75
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	30	15	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages	22,250	11,205	11,045	3,620	1,800	1,820
Azerbaijani	1,245	640	610	65	35	35
Turkish	18,955	9,525	9,430	3,315	1,645	1,665
Uyghur	610	315	290	100	55	45
Uzbek	990	505	490	90	45	50
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	455	230	225	50	20	30
Uralic languages	23,245	10,715	12,535	1,335	565	775
Estonian	975	365	610	25	10	15
Finnish	2,790	1,220	1,565	35	15	20
Hungarian	19,485	9,125	10,355	1,280	535	735
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	1,110	605	500	95	55	35
Multiple responses	1,663,390	802,695	860,690	174,640	85,065	89,575
English and French	160,185	77,940	82,235	34,135	17,340	16,800
English and non-official language	1,284,975	620,375	664,600	38,285	18,350	19,930
French and non-official language	148,915	70,915	78,000	77,415	36,940	40,475
English, French and non-official language	69,315	33,465	35,850	24,805	12,435	12,365
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	34,767,255	17,101,165	17,666,080	1,914,760	933,260	981,495
None	29,615,245	14,612,175	15,003,065	1,358,395	658,445	699,950
English	2,109,340	1,045,215	1,064,120	164,875	83,085	81,790
French	731,095	342,245	388,855	156,830	77,375	79,450
Non-official language	2,151,690	1,023,940	1,127,750	183,265	88,830	94,430
Aboriginal	90,740	42,890	47,850	280	100	180
Non-Aboriginal	2,060,945	981,055	1,079,895	182,980	88,730	94,250
English and French	47,970	23,785	24,190	21,910	11,010	10,900
English and non-official language	61,075	30,045	31,030	13,995	6,950	7,045
French and non-official language	48,755	22,690	26,065	14,580	7,085	7,495
English, French and non-official language	2,080	1,075	1,010	905	470	435
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,355	1,591,005	770,805	820,205
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,190	1,527,425	741,020	786,410
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,204	40,782	28,860	29,198	31,716	27,061
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175	1,527,625	741,070	786,560
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,866	35,933	26,621	26,873	28,718	25,306
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	24,583,315	12,296,595	12,286,725	1,319,250	651,485	667,770
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,762	39,925	26,613	27,843	31,722	24,323
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	19,743,240	8,755,815	10,987,430	1,220,350	562,060	658,295
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,453	4,199	6,136	4,964	2,979	7,393
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	20,428,685	10,547,760	9,880,925	1,076,775	552,940	523,830
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,684	39,836	28,474	29,102	31,811	26,411
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	1,590,985	770,725	820,255
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,489,395	13,441,555	14,047,845	1,526,955	740,630	786,320
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,487	56,740	38,632	43,670	50,317	37,410
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,500,230	13,446,230	14,053,995	1,527,150	740,680	786,470
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,977	45,404	32,828	35,155	39,256	31,292
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	24,584,065	12,295,015	12,289,055	1,318,335	651,120	667,220
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,885	56,803	36,962	43,430	51,690	35,370
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	19,742,130	8,752,070	10,990,060	1,220,065	561,415	658,650
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,738	7,345	8,050	7,727	6,430	8,832
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	20,428,670	10,542,540	9,886,130	1,076,765	553,085	523,680
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,057	54,369	37,193	42,754	49,167	35,982
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	1,590,980	770,730	820,255
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	9,367,045	5,231,015	4,136,035	451,850	249,200	202,655
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	53,431	59,326	47,420	47,182	50,049	44,352
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	65,997	74,289	55,510	62,105	69,189	53,395
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	88.3	91.6	83.7	85.8	90.2	80.3
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	72.0	75.2	67.7	69.1	73.0	64.1
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	11.7	8.4	16.3	14.2	9.8	19.7
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360	1,591,005	770,800	820,205
Without total income	1,154,450	546,285	608,165	63,580	29,780	33,800
With total income	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,195	1,527,425	741,020	786,405
Percentage with total income	96.0	96.1	95.8	96.0	96.1	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,877,620	1,668,960	2,208,655	239,230	118,900	120,330
$10,000 to $19,999	4,680,380	1,867,600	2,812,785	304,770	130,870	173,895
$20,000 to $29,999	3,807,840	1,593,335	2,214,505	235,475	104,545	130,935
$30,000 to $39,999	3,206,175	1,472,670	1,733,510	186,815	89,430	97,390
$40,000 to $49,999	2,827,045	1,376,565	1,450,480	152,610	72,485	80,125
$50,000 to $59,999	2,179,775	1,145,685	1,034,090	107,705	52,510	55,195
$60,000 to $69,999	1,655,070	938,755	716,310	75,560	38,430	37,130
$70,000 to $79,999	1,271,850	745,830	526,015	57,765	30,275	27,490
$80,000 to $89,999	966,885	579,290	387,590	40,455	22,220	18,230
$90,000 to $99,999	749,290	452,240	297,050	27,515	16,235	11,280
$100,000 and over	2,266,600	1,603,400	663,195	99,530	65,125	34,410
$100,000 to $149,999	1,493,570	1,024,210	469,365	59,525	37,210	22,315
$150,000 and over	773,025	579,190	193,830	40,005	27,915	12,090
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360	1,591,010	770,800	820,205
Without after-tax income	1,143,795	541,620	602,175	63,375	29,730	33,650
With after-tax income	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175	1,527,630	741,070	786,560
Percentage with after-tax income	96.0	96.1	95.9	96.0	96.1	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,004,475	1,706,825	2,297,645	244,915	120,610	124,305
$10,000 to $19,999	4,905,055	1,972,920	2,932,130	317,790	137,530	180,260
$20,000 to $29,999	4,489,925	1,926,175	2,563,755	280,350	127,895	152,455
$30,000 to $39,999	3,924,960	1,870,705	2,054,250	233,885	112,565	121,315
$40,000 to $49,999	3,144,200	1,619,670	1,524,525	161,415	77,850	83,565
$50,000 to $59,999	2,209,280	1,245,570	963,705	100,755	51,380	49,375
$60,000 to $69,999	1,540,300	912,230	628,065	64,225	34,415	29,810
$70,000 to $79,999	1,076,180	654,570	421,610	37,685	21,995	15,695
$80,000 and over	2,204,820	1,540,335	664,485	86,605	56,830	29,775
$80,000 to $89,999	688,705	444,550	244,145	23,470	14,370	9,100
$90,000 to $99,999	420,975	291,090	129,885	15,190	9,590	5,605
$100,000 and over	1,095,140	804,690	290,445	47,945	32,870	15,070
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	28,642,980	13,990,625	14,652,360	1,591,005	770,800	820,205
Without employment income	8,214,295	3,442,860	4,771,430	514,235	217,860	296,375
With employment income	20,428,690	10,547,760	9,880,925	1,076,770	552,940	523,830
Percentage with employment income	71.3	75.4	67.4	67.7	71.7	63.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,778,990	1,357,430	1,421,560	149,120	72,790	76,330
$5,000 to $9,999	1,602,140	697,025	905,120	93,250	43,420	49,830
$10,000 to $19,999	2,736,010	1,212,855	1,523,155	167,710	80,255	87,455
$20,000 to $29,999	2,293,785	1,022,090	1,271,695	139,770	68,060	71,710
$30,000 to $39,999	2,149,860	1,001,065	1,148,795	124,895	62,855	62,045
$40,000 to $49,999	1,928,565	946,625	981,940	100,740	50,140	50,605
$50,000 to $59,999	1,554,100	839,045	715,055	74,565	38,930	35,640
$60,000 to $69,999	1,220,310	708,270	512,040	55,000	29,590	25,405
$70,000 to $79,999	992,170	591,945	400,225	45,820	24,710	21,105
$80,000 and over	3,172,770	2,171,415	1,001,355	125,895	82,190	43,705
$80,000 to $89,999	773,755	475,700	298,055	30,005	17,920	12,080
$90,000 to $99,999	623,980	382,330	241,650	20,740	13,030	7,710
$100,000 and over	1,775,030	1,313,385	461,645	75,150	51,240	23,915
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	14,072,080	...	...	870,370	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	70,336	...	...	52,519	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	61,348	...	...	46,559	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	3,969,790	...	...	342,510	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,174	...	...	30,642	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,446	...	...	27,860	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	10,102,290	...	...	527,865	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	88,249	...	...	71,245	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	76,419	...	...	62,917	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	14,072,075	...	...	870,370	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	92,764	...	...	76,614	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	76,171	...	...	61,682	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	3,967,765	...	...	342,495	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	46,799	...	...	41,473	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,685	...	...	33,940	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	10,104,315	...	...	527,885	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	110,813	...	...	99,413	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	90,890	...	...	79,682	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	14,072,075	...	...	870,375	...	...
Under $5,000	228,790	...	...	24,465	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	200,315	...	...	21,890	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	374,575	...	...	38,235	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	565,940	...	...	53,475	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	602,800	...	...	50,070	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	538,710	...	...	44,750	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	603,480	...	...	45,720	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	606,600	...	...	47,060	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	596,110	...	...	46,110	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	578,325	...	...	42,660	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,097,345	...	...	77,510	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,010,415	...	...	63,470	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	924,320	...	...	52,580	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	836,765	...	...	43,035	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	745,655	...	...	35,265	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,561,920	...	...	184,085	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,470,255	...	...	62,300	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,016,245	...	...	39,105	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,116,140	...	...	40,015	...	...
$200,000 and over	959,285	...	...	42,665	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	14,072,075	...	...	870,370	...	...
Under $5,000	243,780	...	...	25,565	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	203,865	...	...	22,120	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	380,680	...	...	38,565	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	591,660	...	...	56,115	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	673,740	...	...	56,305	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	628,225	...	...	52,835	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	719,825	...	...	57,450	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	725,675	...	...	57,290	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	711,180	...	...	53,145	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	691,695	...	...	49,970	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,299,680	...	...	85,660	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,169,515	...	...	67,270	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,041,635	...	...	52,000	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	900,055	...	...	41,020	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	757,295	...	...	31,890	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,333,575	...	...	123,165	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,371,945	...	...	52,170	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	809,540	...	...	27,430	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,152,090	...	...	43,565	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	9,688,845	...	...	489,520	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	88,306	...	...	72,845	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,372	...	...	64,039	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	3,706,220	...	...	169,175	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,976	...	...	71,408	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,309	...	...	61,304	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	4,222,140	...	...	208,095	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	113,465	...	...	91,649	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,608	...	...	79,750	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,481,410	...	...	95,475	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,193	...	...	49,168	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,856	...	...	45,426	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	9,689,855	...	...	489,420	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	111,235	...	...	102,221	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	91,040	...	...	81,540	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	3,706,400	...	...	168,840	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	101,086	...	...	101,556	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,296	...	...	79,271	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	4,225,855	...	...	208,250	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	137,094	...	...	124,472	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	111,307	...	...	98,758	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,477,190	...	...	95,425	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	65,549	...	...	60,918	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,687	...	...	52,129	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	5,313,545	2,608,845	2,704,705	443,405	218,395	225,010
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	31,890	34,483	29,801	27,024	26,960	27,071
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	28,959	30,746	27,495	25,186	24,951	25,373
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	5,299,050	2,596,985	2,702,070	442,760	217,830	224,930
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	42,939	46,085	39,915	37,613	38,298	36,950
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	35,801	37,724	33,952	31,122	31,265	30,983
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	34,460,065	16,971,550	17,488,515	1,894,995	925,870	969,130
In the bottom half of the distribution	17,229,835	8,256,970	8,972,865	1,202,765	579,085	623,680
In the bottom decile	3,445,950	1,672,900	1,773,050	287,610	143,600	144,005
In the second decile	3,445,660	1,564,965	1,880,700	252,935	116,590	136,340
In the third decile	3,446,165	1,641,930	1,804,235	255,250	122,140	133,110
In the fourth decile	3,445,850	1,677,120	1,768,730	221,160	106,575	114,585
In the fifth decile	3,446,210	1,700,060	1,746,150	185,815	90,175	95,640
In the top half of the distribution	17,230,230	8,714,580	8,515,650	692,230	346,780	345,450
In the sixth decile	3,445,695	1,716,510	1,729,185	160,105	78,680	81,425
In the seventh decile	3,446,470	1,730,975	1,715,500	143,930	71,540	72,390
In the eighth decile	3,445,940	1,741,640	1,704,300	132,120	66,215	65,905
In the ninth decile	3,446,045	1,751,850	1,694,195	119,890	60,885	59,005
In the top decile	3,446,080	1,773,600	1,672,475	136,185	69,465	66,725
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	33,968,295	16,724,265	17,244,035	1,894,995	925,865	969,135
0 to 17 years	6,836,380	3,504,250	3,332,125	358,105	182,640	175,460
0 to 5 years	2,228,770	1,142,505	1,086,270	130,840	66,865	63,970
18 to 64 years	21,695,090	10,690,090	11,005,005	1,247,980	617,995	629,985
65 years and over	5,436,830	2,529,930	2,906,905	288,910	125,230	163,680
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	4,809,940	2,243,200	2,566,740	403,880	193,540	210,345
0 to 17 years	1,163,830	597,570	566,255	81,100	41,415	39,685
0 to 5 years	396,095	203,055	193,030	29,655	15,075	14,580
18 to 64 years	2,855,290	1,341,590	1,513,700	262,435	129,925	132,505
65 years and over	790,825	304,040	486,780	60,350	22,195	38,150
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.2	13.4	14.9	21.3	20.9	21.7
0 to 17 years (%)	17.0	17.1	17.0	22.6	22.7	22.6
0 to 5 years (%)	17.8	17.8	17.8	22.7	22.5	22.8
18 to 64 years (%)	13.2	12.5	13.8	21.0	21.0	21.0
65 years and over (%)	14.5	12.0	16.7	20.9	17.7	23.3
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	3,128,995	1,519,370	1,609,630	339,685	166,970	172,710
0 to 17 years	696,025	357,255	338,770	61,200	31,295	29,910
0 to 5 years	236,435	121,170	115,260	22,345	11,355	10,985
18 to 64 years	2,157,745	1,057,585	1,100,160	236,690	120,520	116,175
65 years and over	275,225	104,525	170,695	41,790	15,160	26,630
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	9.2	9.1	9.3	17.9	18.0	17.8
0 to 17 years (%)	10.2	10.2	10.2	17.1	17.1	17.0
0 to 5 years (%)	10.6	10.6	10.6	17.1	17.0	17.2
18 to 64 years (%)	9.9	9.9	10.0	19.0	19.5	18.4
65 years and over (%)	5.1	4.1	5.9	14.5	12.1	16.3
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	1,894,995	925,815	969,180
Official languages	33,818,210	16,709,290	17,108,920	1,850,005	908,350	941,655
English	29,748,265	14,806,270	14,941,995	1,342,265	680,010	662,255
French	10,242,945	4,952,455	5,290,495	1,631,820	799,640	832,180
Non-official languages	9,369,280	4,488,185	4,881,090	900,345	433,465	466,885
Aboriginal languages	263,845	127,550	136,295	755	340	415
Algonquian languages	177,570	85,505	92,065	330	185	145
Blackfoot	5,645	2,695	2,950	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	116,585	56,515	60,070	265	130	130
Atikamekw	6,640	3,335	3,305	10	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	11,440	5,500	5,945	55	25	30
Moose Cree	195	80	115	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,465	710	755	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	545	225	320	70	40	25
Plains Cree	5,905	2,705	3,200	10	10	0
Southern East Cree	40	30	10	0	10	0
Swampy Cree	2,345	995	1,350	0	0	10
Woods Cree	2,665	1,230	1,435	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	86,115	42,080	44,035	120	45	75
Eastern Algonquian languages	9,765	4,710	5,050	25	25	0
Malecite	755	370	390	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	9,025	4,350	4,670	30	20	10
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	46,685	22,100	24,585	25	20	10
Algonquin	2,480	1,165	1,315	20	10	10
Ojibway	28,585	13,365	15,220	10	0	0
Oji-Cree	15,610	7,575	8,030	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	205	105	105	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	120	60	60	10	10	0
Athabaskan languages	23,655	11,340	12,320	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	23,570	11,300	12,265	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	210	105	100	0	0	0
Beaver	340	180	165	0	0	0
Carrier	2,105	955	1,145	0	0	0
Chilcotin	1,150	535	610	0	0	0
Dene	13,060	6,270	6,790	10	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	2,375	1,210	1,165	0	0	0
Gwich'in	360	165	200	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	150	60	90	0	0	0
Sekani	185	85	100	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	2,815	1,340	1,475	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	1,010	475	530	0	0	0
South Slavey	1,365	660	710	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	680	320	360	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	630	340	285	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	365	205	170	0	0	0
Tahltan	270	140	130	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	420	160	260	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	285	115	170	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	145	50	95	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	85	35	50	0	0	0
Haida	465	205	260	0	0	0
Inuit languages	42,980	21,355	21,630	370	120	250
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,975	895	1,080	0	0	0
Inuktitut	40,620	20,280	20,340	335	110	220
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	470	225	240	40	15	30
Iroquoian languages	2,800	1,240	1,555	45	35	10
Cayuga	125	40	85	0	0	0
Mohawk	2,415	1,120	1,295	35	35	0
Oneida	180	60	125	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	115	45	75	10	0	0
Kutenai	175	95	80	0	0	0
Michif	1,210	585	625	0	0	0
Salish languages	5,750	2,730	3,015	0	0	0
Comox	185	75	110	0	0	0
Halkomelem	1,060	475	585	0	0	0
Lillooet	790	405	385	0	0	0
Okanagan	820	370	450	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	1,305	640	665	0	0	0
Squamish	285	125	155	0	0	0
Straits	360	160	200	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	450	220	235	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	565	295	270	0	0	0
Siouan languages	5,430	2,665	2,770	0	0	0
Dakota	1,760	870	890	0	0	0
Stoney	3,675	1,805	1,875	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	140	70	70	0	0	0
Tlingit	260	140	120	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	2,730	1,350	1,380	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	1,305	645	660	0	0	0
Nisga'a	1,060	545	515	0	0	10
Tsimshian	410	180	235	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	1,490	680	805	0	0	0
Haisla	175	65	110	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	125	50	75	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	605	285	320	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	565	265	300	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	30	20	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	665	310	360	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	9,107,075	4,361,420	4,745,660	899,645	433,150	466,495
Afro-Asiatic languages	837,355	432,560	404,795	188,110	98,615	89,495
Berber languages	29,460	15,745	13,715	18,525	9,830	8,695
Kabyle	17,120	9,100	8,015	11,195	5,980	5,210
Berber languages, n.i.e.	12,505	6,735	5,775	7,440	3,905	3,535
Cushitic languages	57,125	26,870	30,250	1,045	510	540
Bilen	1,085	625	470	35	20	15
Oromo	6,245	3,070	3,175	25	20	10
Somali	49,665	23,070	26,590	975	460	515
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	480	220	265	10	0	0
Semitic languages	771,130	400,780	370,350	178,735	93,595	85,140
Amharic	33,670	16,675	16,995	820	405	415
Arabic	629,055	329,235	299,820	162,300	85,065	77,240
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	19,745	9,720	10,020	70	35	40
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	7,115	3,505	3,610	0	0	0
Harari	1,710	855	860	10	10	0
Hebrew	75,020	38,730	36,290	16,165	8,435	7,730
Maltese	7,625	3,760	3,870	10	10	0
Tigrigna	21,340	10,640	10,705	255	125	130
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	3,220	1,655	1,565	80	55	25
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	2,775	1,440	1,335	435	220	215
Austro-Asiatic languages	224,865	105,845	119,020	30,725	14,715	16,010
Khmer (Cambodian)	27,035	12,640	14,400	6,335	3,050	3,285
Vietnamese	198,895	93,735	105,155	24,615	11,780	12,835
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	190	70	120	20	15	10
Austronesian languages	656,200	273,075	383,125	25,320	9,560	15,760
Bikol	2,075	885	1,190	105	45	55
Cebuano	27,045	10,960	16,085	715	260	455
Fijian	1,660	955	705	0	10	0
Hiligaynon	7,925	3,200	4,720	445	160	290
Ilocano	34,530	13,805	20,730	2,270	825	1,440
Malagasy	2,335	1,120	1,220	835	405	435
Malay	22,470	10,370	12,100	715	290	425
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5,425	2,445	2,980	165	80	85
Pangasinan	1,800	790	1,015	50	15	30
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	612,735	253,210	359,530	22,770	8,440	14,335
Waray-Waray	1,395	530	860	40	10	30
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5,585	2,540	3,040	320	150	175
Creole languages	155,615	70,545	85,070	70,350	31,455	38,895
Haitian Creole	6,850	3,140	3,710	2,895	1,370	1,525
Creole, n.o.s.	133,045	59,890	73,160	66,340	29,580	36,765
Creole languages, n.i.e.	16,635	7,955	8,675	1,485	705	780
Dravidian languages	250,180	126,220	123,960	14,890	7,650	7,240
Kannada	8,245	4,180	4,065	365	180	180
Malayalam	37,810	19,410	18,400	395	225	170
Tamil	189,860	94,640	95,220	13,650	6,960	6,695
Telugu	23,160	12,770	10,390	835	485	345
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	790	385	405	15	10	0
Hmong-Mien languages	870	435	435	30	15	15
Indo-European languages	5,158,010	2,506,455	2,651,555	490,850	234,270	256,580
Albanian	31,930	16,140	15,790	2,065	1,045	1,025
Armenian	41,295	19,980	21,315	9,210	4,370	4,840
Balto-Slavic languages	817,315	384,960	432,350	53,575	24,605	28,970
Baltic languages	14,675	6,470	8,205	715	330	385
Latvian	6,500	2,960	3,540	240	110	135
Lithuanian	8,185	3,510	4,675	475	225	255
Slavic languages	805,915	379,965	425,945	52,990	24,340	28,645
Belarusan	2,265	1,070	1,195	190	80	110
Bosnian	18,265	9,055	9,215	330	150	180
Bulgarian	22,425	10,920	11,505	4,430	2,115	2,310
Croatian	69,840	34,515	35,325	1,795	855	940
Czech	28,720	13,675	15,050	1,275	575	700
Macedonian	23,075	11,190	11,880	140	55	80
Polish	214,965	99,365	115,600	11,085	4,910	6,170
Russian	269,645	127,055	142,595	30,185	14,095	16,090
Serbian	73,775	37,040	36,740	1,935	890	1,050
Serbo-Croatian	11,275	5,525	5,750	635	275	360
Slovak	21,470	10,215	11,255	850	395	450
Slovene (Slovenian)	11,495	5,205	6,290	570	270	305
Ukrainian	132,115	58,820	73,300	6,175	2,680	3,495
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	3,000	1,590	1,405	95	45	55
Celtic languages	9,165	4,705	4,455	280	175	105
Scottish Gaelic	3,980	2,010	1,975	85	55	30
Welsh	1,690	830	860	45	20	20
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	3,590	1,915	1,680	160	100	55
Germanic languages	695,535	337,215	358,320	34,400	16,995	17,405
Afrikaans	23,410	11,795	11,610	230	165	70
Danish	15,745	7,320	8,425	450	210	240
Dutch	120,865	57,885	62,990	2,350	1,225	1,120
Frisian	2,910	1,515	1,395	0	10	0
German	502,730	245,745	256,985	21,045	10,415	10,630
Icelandic	1,780	830	945	95	65	30
Norwegian	8,120	3,860	4,260	300	135	165
Swedish	14,140	6,510	7,635	920	410	510
Vlaams (Flemish)	4,400	1,945	2,455	250	70	185
Yiddish	20,985	10,435	10,550	9,880	4,910	4,965
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	8,710	4,425	4,285	85	45	40
Greek	150,965	75,510	75,455	26,310	12,845	13,465
Indo-Iranian languages	1,658,220	840,850	817,365	64,655	33,330	31,320
Indo-Aryan languages	1,387,805	704,370	683,435	43,825	22,985	20,840
Bengali	91,220	46,935	44,285	11,090	5,680	5,410
Gujarati	149,045	74,765	74,285	6,565	3,235	3,330
Hindi	433,365	221,665	211,700	11,865	6,415	5,450
Kashmiri	905	490	420	35	30	10
Konkani	6,790	3,185	3,605	115	55	60
Marathi	15,570	8,200	7,365	375	195	180
Nepali	21,380	10,915	10,470	135	75	60
Oriya (Odia)	1,535	755	775	40	20	15
Punjabi (Panjabi)	668,240	341,450	326,790	12,800	7,135	5,665
Sindhi	20,260	9,310	10,945	350	160	195
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	27,825	13,970	13,855	925	440	485
Urdu	322,220	164,685	157,535	11,255	5,930	5,315
Iranian languages	281,715	142,030	139,680	21,235	10,575	10,660
Kurdish	15,290	8,290	7,000	675	340	335
Pashto	23,180	12,465	10,715	1,140	615	525
Persian (Farsi)	252,320	126,565	125,755	19,650	9,770	9,880
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	8,875	4,715	4,155	450	260	190
Italic (Romance) languages	1,897,630	898,530	999,100	320,755	150,495	170,260
Catalan	2,035	1,145	890	550	330	220
Italian	574,725	278,500	296,225	114,505	54,380	60,120
Portuguese	295,955	144,465	151,485	27,360	13,775	13,585
Romanian	115,050	55,275	59,770	22,115	10,440	11,675
Spanish	995,255	460,250	535,010	176,745	81,465	95,285
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	2,680	1,610	1,075	230	145	85
Japanese	83,090	36,760	46,335	4,275	1,930	2,345
Kartvelian languages	2,150	1,075	1,075	190	90	100
Georgian	2,150	1,080	1,070	195	90	95
Korean	172,755	80,170	92,590	4,930	2,315	2,620
Mongolic languages	2,090	960	1,130	205	110	95
Mongolian	2,090	960	1,130	205	105	100
Niger-Congo languages	177,215	88,135	89,080	26,800	13,565	13,240
Akan (Twi)	22,145	10,810	11,340	1,350	710	640
Bamanankan	3,190	1,660	1,530	1,305	685	620
Edo	3,220	1,510	1,705	145	60	80
Ewe	3,000	1,685	1,315	730	490	240
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	4,725	2,460	2,260	2,090	1,115	980
Ga	2,250	1,140	1,110	170	100	75
Ganda	2,495	1,175	1,320	30	10	25
Igbo	8,850	4,710	4,140	180	115	60
Lingala	17,010	7,865	9,145	5,470	2,455	3,015
Rundi (Kirundi)	8,590	4,075	4,515	1,510	715	790
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	7,860	3,600	4,260	1,420	680	745
Shona	5,425	2,530	2,905	105	55	50
Swahili	38,680	19,565	19,115	2,985	1,500	1,490
Wolof	8,240	4,455	3,785	3,295	1,800	1,495
Yoruba	22,420	11,475	10,940	590	330	260
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	40,760	20,375	20,385	8,970	4,620	4,345
Nilo-Saharan languages	7,015	3,520	3,495	205	125	75
Dinka	2,475	1,280	1,190	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	4,555	2,240	2,315	205	130	75
Sign languages	48,115	18,985	29,130	2,135	890	1,245
American Sign Language	21,930	7,780	14,155	300	125	180
Quebec Sign Language	4,665	1,665	3,005	1,160	435	730
Sign languages, n.i.e.	22,275	9,835	12,440	760	370	390
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,430,440	672,100	758,340	61,480	28,975	32,505
Chinese languages	1,413,110	663,465	749,640	61,355	28,905	32,450
Cantonese	699,125	325,840	373,285	20,895	9,735	11,155
Hakka	12,445	5,555	6,890	385	170	210
Mandarin	814,450	377,635	436,815	40,720	18,965	21,755
Min Dong	1,045	440	600	15	10	10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	42,840	19,005	23,835	2,990	1,310	1,675
Wu (Shanghainese)	16,530	7,490	9,040	925	420	505
Chinese, n.o.s.	41,690	19,995	21,690	3,410	1,665	1,745
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	590	250	340	75	35	45
Tibeto-Burman languages	18,270	9,100	9,175	155	95	65
Burmese	4,995	2,490	2,500	70	40	30
Karenic languages	4,895	2,425	2,475	0	0	0
Tibetan	7,050	3,555	3,490	30	25	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	2,375	1,160	1,220	60	25	30
Tai-Kadai languages	30,400	13,210	17,195	2,785	1,315	1,475
Lao	17,235	8,240	8,990	2,100	1,035	1,060
Thai	15,390	5,875	9,520	970	400	570
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	115	50	65	10	0	0
Turkic languages	60,530	31,585	28,945	8,200	4,105	4,100
Azerbaijani	5,450	2,885	2,565	400	220	175
Turkish	50,775	26,605	24,165	7,400	3,705	3,695
Uyghur	1,385	685	700	175	85	90
Uzbek	2,465	1,230	1,235	185	80	110
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	1,870	905	965	175	85	85
Uralic languages	94,810	44,270	50,545	4,905	2,205	2,705
Estonian	6,070	2,750	3,315	105	45	60
Finnish	17,595	7,540	10,050	270	100	170
Hungarian	71,285	34,005	37,280	4,525	2,060	2,470
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	9,730	5,375	4,355	1,070	590	485
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490	1,895,000	925,815	969,185
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	32,034,590	15,799,495	16,235,090	1,648,430	803,195	845,235
Canadian citizens aged under 18	6,652,795	3,412,785	3,240,010	322,920	164,560	158,370
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	25,381,795	12,386,710	12,995,080	1,325,505	638,635	686,870
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	2,425,480	1,172,085	1,253,400	246,565	122,620	123,945
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	1,894,995	925,815	969,185
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	26,412,610	13,124,325	13,288,290	1,187,260	582,140	605,120
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330	644,680	310,250	334,430
Before 1981	1,941,510	927,795	1,013,715	141,755	66,725	75,035
1981 to 1990	915,555	439,245	476,310	74,335	36,560	37,775
1991 to 2000	1,486,655	696,720	789,940	108,760	51,330	57,430
2001 to 2010	1,985,035	940,570	1,044,465	181,195	87,585	93,610
2001 to 2005	928,935	439,890	489,050	74,840	36,150	38,695
2006 to 2010	1,056,095	500,680	555,415	106,360	51,435	54,920
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	1,212,075	582,175	629,895	138,635	68,055	70,585
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	506,625	260,755	245,870	63,060	33,425	29,630
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	7,540,830	3,586,500	3,954,335	644,685	310,250	334,430
Under 5 years	731,340	364,165	367,175	58,110	28,910	29,200
5 to 14 years	1,311,810	665,870	645,945	97,545	48,375	49,175
15 to 24 years	1,604,430	724,430	880,005	128,855	58,300	70,560
25 to 44 years	3,198,920	1,513,970	1,684,950	314,350	153,930	160,420
45 years and over	694,320	318,060	376,260	45,815	20,740	25,075
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330	644,685	310,250	334,435
Americas	1,128,745	510,650	618,100	140,935	64,340	76,600
Brazil	29,320	13,235	16,080	3,960	1,865	2,090
Colombia	70,035	32,065	37,965	9,135	4,295	4,835
El Salvador	48,080	23,865	24,215	6,965	3,470	3,500
Guyana	87,685	38,940	48,745	1,825	765	1,060
Haiti	93,480	40,955	52,525	50,160	21,900	28,255
Jamaica	138,345	59,960	78,390	3,555	1,525	2,035
Mexico	80,585	37,530	43,055	9,155	4,205	4,955
Peru	29,615	12,950	16,665	7,400	3,280	4,115
Trinidad and Tobago	65,040	29,325	35,710	2,895	1,305	1,595
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	253,715	113,505	140,215	12,335	6,325	6,005
Other places of birth in Americas	232,850	108,325	124,530	33,555	15,400	18,160
Europe	2,088,410	1,015,145	1,073,260	172,245	82,670	89,580
Bosnia and Herzegovina	36,135	18,050	18,085	735	370	365
Croatia	40,045	20,005	20,035	1,075	540	540
France	105,565	55,395	50,170	38,165	20,010	18,155
Germany	145,845	69,525	76,320	4,240	1,780	2,455
Greece	62,715	31,580	31,135	10,320	4,995	5,320
Hungary	36,820	17,945	18,875	2,270	1,025	1,240
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	28,325	14,355	13,970	490	270	220
Italy	236,640	118,595	118,040	39,105	18,405	20,700
Netherlands	88,475	45,185	43,295	915	490	420
Poland	146,465	66,450	80,020	6,930	2,955	3,975
Portugal	139,450	68,150	71,300	9,480	4,385	5,100
Romania	90,305	42,795	47,510	14,250	6,555	7,695
Russian Federation	78,685	34,265	44,420	7,480	3,245	4,235
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	33,320	16,325	17,000	1,040	465	575
Ukraine	73,030	33,360	39,665	5,750	2,490	3,260
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	499,115	243,225	255,890	7,105	3,680	3,420
Other places of birth in Europe	247,470	119,945	127,530	22,890	10,990	11,900
Africa	637,485	322,510	314,970	143,550	74,055	69,495
Algeria	64,620	33,920	30,705	40,140	20,915	19,220
Egypt	64,615	34,125	30,495	12,710	6,535	6,170
Ethiopia	32,790	15,980	16,810	735	370	370
Kenya	27,150	12,810	14,340	425	205	220
Morocco	69,655	36,120	33,535	37,365	19,155	18,205
Nigeria	42,430	21,830	20,600	910	495	415
Somalia	27,230	12,070	15,160	440	205	230
South Africa, Republic of	44,660	22,205	22,460	505	275	230
Other places of birth in Africa	264,320	133,450	130,870	50,335	25,885	24,450
Asia	3,629,160	1,709,985	1,919,175	187,130	88,725	98,400
Afghanistan	51,955	26,030	25,930	1,490	735	755
Bangladesh	58,735	29,875	28,865	6,865	3,440	3,425
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	649,260	290,800	358,460	30,715	13,440	17,275
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	208,940	98,020	110,915	2,800	1,335	1,460
India	668,565	334,030	334,540	13,340	6,920	6,425
IranCensus data footnote 61	154,425	77,970	76,455	14,160	6,970	7,190
Iraq	68,485	34,785	33,705	1,980	1,035	945
Japan	27,240	7,955	19,285	1,150	300	855
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	123,305	57,170	66,140	2,800	1,265	1,535
Lebanon	88,745	47,295	41,450	20,015	10,680	9,335
Pakistan	202,260	103,225	99,035	6,725	3,550	3,180
Philippines	588,305	247,095	341,210	20,535	7,730	12,805
Sri Lanka	131,995	64,825	67,170	8,315	4,135	4,180
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	52,960	26,595	26,365	10,080	5,050	5,025
Taiwan	63,770	28,170	35,605	1,660	675	985
Viet Nam	169,250	78,000	91,250	17,845	8,295	9,550
Other places of birth in Asia	320,965	158,150	162,815	26,650	13,175	13,470
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	57,030	28,210	28,825	825	460	360
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	1,212,075	582,180	629,895	138,635	68,050	70,585
Americas	152,595	72,870	79,720	29,030	13,815	15,215
Brazil	8,500	4,000	4,490	1,730	870	860
Colombia	15,300	6,885	8,415	3,180	1,535	1,645
Cuba	5,370	2,545	2,820	1,265	650	615
Haiti	19,985	9,160	10,830	11,775	5,370	6,405
Jamaica	12,495	6,680	5,820	125	90	35
Mexico	18,660	9,090	9,575	2,595	1,215	1,380
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	33,060	16,480	16,580	2,510	1,415	1,095
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	6,425	2,990	3,435	1,125	540	585
Other places of birth in Americas	32,790	15,040	17,750	4,720	2,130	2,595
Europe	140,030	70,995	69,035	24,950	12,790	12,155
France	24,150	13,000	11,150	12,465	6,725	5,735
Germany	6,300	3,255	3,045	325	155	175
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	5,660	3,540	2,120	80	60	20
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	5,900	2,735	3,165	2,905	1,325	1,575
Romania	7,610	3,330	4,280	1,695	735	960
Russian Federation	11,565	4,485	7,080	1,445	680	765
Ukraine	13,425	6,015	7,410	1,640	750	895
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	24,445	14,235	10,215	520	345	180
Other places of birth in Europe	40,970	20,405	20,570	3,880	2,015	1,870
Africa	162,800	81,545	81,245	47,375	23,710	23,665
Algeria	17,175	8,440	8,735	13,150	6,440	6,710
Cameroon	10,265	5,005	5,255	4,260	2,085	2,170
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	7,400	3,570	3,835	1,655	785	875
Côte d'Ivoire	6,240	3,030	3,210	2,795	1,385	1,415
Egypt	16,115	8,445	7,665	3,215	1,720	1,490
Eritrea	6,050	3,195	2,855	45	30	15
Ethiopia	7,510	3,625	3,890	110	60	50
Morocco	15,105	7,470	7,635	9,615	4,790	4,820
Nigeria	17,285	8,850	8,435	400	210	180
Somalia	5,335	2,600	2,730	75	40	40
South Africa, Republic of	5,765	2,935	2,830	105	50	45
Tunisia	6,700	3,475	3,230	3,730	1,885	1,850
Other places of birth in Africa	41,855	20,905	20,950	8,225	4,225	4,000
Asia	748,700	352,095	396,610	37,060	17,590	19,470
Afghanistan	9,240	4,530	4,710	255	110	145
Bangladesh	12,900	6,445	6,460	790	415	375
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	129,020	57,745	71,270	7,780	3,565	4,215
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	4,975	2,090	2,880	75	25	55
India	147,190	75,145	72,045	2,395	1,295	1,100
IranCensus data footnote 61	42,070	20,580	21,490	6,745	3,180	3,560
Iraq	20,665	10,345	10,320	380	180	205
Israel	4,740	2,615	2,130	490	275	210
Japan	4,905	1,250	3,655	245	25	215
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	21,710	9,630	12,075	665	260	400
Lebanon	9,375	4,980	4,400	2,285	1,270	1,015
Nepal	7,505	3,780	3,715	40	25	20
Pakistan	41,480	20,530	20,945	1,095	590	505
Philippines	188,810	83,050	105,760	4,825	2,080	2,745
Saudi Arabia	5,465	2,820	2,640	345	170	175
Sri Lanka	11,495	5,190	6,305	685	300	390
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	29,945	15,245	14,700	3,980	2,030	1,950
Taiwan	4,310	1,685	2,625	105	50	50
Turkey	4,255	2,365	1,890	395	205	190
United Arab Emirates	6,135	3,220	2,910	205	90	110
Viet Nam	11,210	4,500	6,705	1,020	400	620
Other places of birth in Asia	31,320	14,345	16,970	2,260	1,050	1,210
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	7,955	4,670	3,280	225	145	80
Australia	4,965	2,950	2,010	115	80	40
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	2,990	1,720	1,270	105	65	40
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	34,460,060	16,971,575	17,488,485	1,894,995	925,810	969,180
First generationCensus data footnote 69	8,219,555	3,936,045	4,283,505	719,985	350,065	369,915
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	6,100,725	3,053,075	3,047,650	404,595	203,185	201,415
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	20,139,790	9,982,460	10,157,330	770,420	372,570	397,850
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	5,703,615	2,709,530	2,994,085	511,335	247,530	263,805
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	2,994,130	1,496,240	1,497,885	285,275	147,400	137,875
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	1,220,755	755,370	465,380	141,270	84,080	57,190
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	1,773,380	740,870	1,032,510	144,010	63,325	80,685
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	1,782,490	728,085	1,054,400	139,475	55,585	83,890
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	858,845	453,675	405,175	78,760	40,880	37,885
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	68,145	31,530	36,615	7,825	3,670	4,160
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	1,894,995	925,815	969,185
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	1,673,785	813,520	860,265	13,100	6,090	7,010
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	1,629,805	792,970	836,835	12,325	5,735	6,595
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	977,235	471,510	505,725	5,905	2,785	3,125
Métis	587,545	289,435	298,115	5,745	2,725	3,025
Inuk (Inuit)	65,030	32,030	32,995	670	225	445
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	21,310	10,165	11,145	300	145	155
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	22,670	10,385	12,290	470	210	260
Non-Aboriginal identity	32,786,280	16,158,060	16,628,225	1,881,900	919,725	962,175
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490	1,895,000	925,815	969,185
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	820,120	395,670	424,445	3,380	1,665	1,715
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	33,639,945	16,575,905	17,064,040	1,891,620	924,150	967,470
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,490	1,894,995	925,815	969,185
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	727,790	356,970	370,815	6,345	2,820	3,525
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	709,235	347,985	361,245	6,060	2,685	3,380
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	573,215	280,040	293,180	4,825	2,160	2,675
Métis single ancestry	91,255	45,740	45,515	905	430	475
Inuit single ancestry	44,765	22,210	22,555	330	95	235
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	18,555	8,985	9,565	285	135	150
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15,140	7,305	7,835	185	85	95
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	2,470	1,205	1,265	95	45	50
Métis and Inuit ancestries	770	390	380	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	170	85	85	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	1,402,735	669,710	733,025	39,260	17,620	21,645
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	1,347,610	644,210	703,400	38,625	17,315	21,310
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	881,455	418,215	463,235	33,525	15,010	18,515
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	441,000	213,940	227,065	4,530	2,080	2,445
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25,155	12,045	13,105	570	225	345
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	55,125	25,505	29,625	635	300	335
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	49,325	22,740	26,585	485	240	250
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,470	1,655	1,815	100	45	60
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,005	940	1,065	40	20	20
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	325	170	160	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	32,329,545	15,944,900	16,384,645	1,849,395	905,380	944,015
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	1,894,995	925,815	969,185
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	7,674,580	3,725,090	3,949,495	623,895	305,345	318,545
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	1,924,635	977,690	946,945	65,665	34,270	31,390
Chinese	1,577,060	746,400	830,665	63,465	29,420	34,040
Black	1,198,540	580,070	618,475	180,580	86,145	94,430
Filipino	780,125	341,800	438,330	28,680	11,625	17,060
Latin American	447,325	215,460	231,860	71,375	34,600	36,775
Arab	523,235	276,425	246,810	129,940	68,880	61,060
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	313,260	148,880	164,385	37,325	17,830	19,495
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	264,305	133,475	130,825	18,930	9,395	9,540
Korean	188,710	89,110	99,600	5,620	2,650	2,965
Japanese	92,920	40,105	52,815	3,060	1,175	1,885
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	132,090	62,540	69,550	5,545	2,630	2,915
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	232,375	113,140	119,230	13,720	6,720	6,995
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	26,785,480	13,246,485	13,539,000	1,271,105	620,470	650,635
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	1,894,995	925,815	969,185
North American Aboriginal origins	2,130,520	1,026,675	1,103,840	45,600	20,430	25,170
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,525,570	731,410	794,155	39,225	17,585	21,645
Inuit	79,130	38,695	40,435	1,145	430	715
Métis	599,995	291,310	308,690	6,150	2,850	3,295
Other North American origins	11,628,535	5,745,695	5,882,835	591,040	283,995	307,045
Acadian	119,675	57,805	61,865	6,570	3,030	3,540
American	377,405	182,690	194,715	16,130	7,775	8,355
Canadian	11,135,965	5,501,595	5,634,370	542,980	259,895	283,085
New Brunswicker	1,490	800	685	175	75	95
Newfoundlander	22,215	11,420	10,800	235	115	120
Nova Scotian	3,700	1,770	1,930	195	90	100
Ontarian	3,925	1,980	1,945	270	130	140
Québécois	194,560	99,320	95,235	37,925	19,190	18,740
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	1,895	950	945	80	40	40
European origins	19,683,320	9,687,715	9,995,605	876,355	429,400	446,955
British Isles origins	11,211,850	5,474,735	5,737,115	213,610	102,280	111,330
Channel Islander	3,595	1,740	1,855	220	95	125
Cornish	1,975	995	975	35	15	20
English	6,320,085	3,069,515	3,250,570	80,065	39,050	41,020
Irish	4,627,000	2,195,620	2,431,385	117,040	54,530	62,510
Manx	6,125	3,090	3,040	110	65	45
Scottish	4,799,005	2,323,390	2,475,620	71,115	33,825	37,290
Welsh	474,805	226,600	248,210	5,465	2,595	2,875
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	644,695	307,090	337,610	15,790	7,470	8,320
French origins	4,680,820	2,283,480	2,397,340	372,960	185,485	187,475
Alsatian	2,800	1,300	1,495	295	140	155
Breton	11,845	5,765	6,080	1,990	1,015	980
Corsican	1,750	950	805	650	380	270
French	4,670,595	2,278,430	2,392,165	371,250	184,600	186,645
Western European origins (except French origins)	4,600,855	2,258,095	2,342,760	82,830	39,975	42,860
Austrian	207,050	100,775	106,275	6,820	3,305	3,515
Bavarian	940	485	455	30	20	20
Belgian	186,665	91,395	95,270	14,125	6,890	7,235
Dutch	1,111,655	546,565	565,090	10,050	4,920	5,135
Flemish	11,685	5,730	5,960	445	230	210
Frisian	4,590	2,395	2,195	0	10	0
German	3,322,405	1,626,785	1,695,615	49,385	23,475	25,910
Luxembourger	3,915	2,025	1,890	355	175	185
Swiss	155,120	76,935	78,185	7,685	3,950	3,740
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	3,365	1,645	1,720	85	50	35
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,201,320	579,005	622,315	10,760	5,215	5,545
Danish	207,470	100,660	106,810	2,460	1,090	1,370
Finnish	143,645	69,045	74,600	1,520	685	830
Icelandic	101,795	49,875	51,915	515	270	250
Norwegian	463,275	223,075	240,200	2,860	1,475	1,390
Swedish	349,645	163,545	186,095	3,410	1,605	1,805
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	52,780	26,965	25,820	800	395	405
Eastern European origins	3,431,245	1,666,740	1,764,505	145,755	70,100	75,655
Bulgarian	34,565	16,935	17,625	5,500	2,610	2,890
Byelorussian	20,710	10,190	10,515	1,575	770	805
Czech	104,580	51,555	53,030	3,735	1,815	1,920
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	40,715	19,235	21,480	1,105	575	535
Estonian	24,530	11,715	12,815	630	330	300
Hungarian	348,085	170,040	178,045	16,875	8,270	8,605
Latvian	30,725	14,920	15,805	1,230	585	645
Lithuanian	59,285	28,745	30,535	4,225	2,105	2,115
Moldovan	14,915	7,265	7,650	5,110	2,490	2,620
Polish	1,106,585	533,830	572,750	46,865	22,825	24,035
Romanian	238,050	114,705	123,345	29,635	14,290	15,345
Russian	622,445	297,600	324,850	38,265	18,115	20,155
Slovak	72,285	35,360	36,925	2,405	1,190	1,210
Ukrainian	1,359,655	663,560	696,095	23,600	11,240	12,355
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	20,415	9,895	10,520	2,545	1,315	1,230
Southern European origins	3,012,375	1,494,605	1,517,775	273,825	134,115	139,710
Albanian	36,185	18,385	17,800	2,295	1,180	1,120
Bosnian	26,740	13,320	13,420	580	280	295
Catalan	1,280	740	535	470	245	225
Croatian	133,970	67,825	66,140	3,175	1,600	1,570
Cypriot	5,650	2,850	2,795	255	140	115
Greek	271,410	137,405	134,005	35,805	17,910	17,895
Italian	1,587,965	794,525	793,445	168,110	82,250	85,860
Kosovar	2,865	1,470	1,395	260	140	120
Macedonian	43,110	21,650	21,460	415	220	195
Maltese	41,920	20,955	20,965	605	335	270
Montenegrin	4,160	2,180	1,985	245	140	100
Portuguese	482,605	239,360	243,250	29,890	14,800	15,085
Serbian	96,530	49,095	47,440	2,760	1,265	1,495
Sicilian	6,940	3,500	3,435	550	290	265
Slovenian	40,470	20,105	20,365	1,360	645	710
Spanish	396,460	184,520	211,945	43,300	20,870	22,435
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	38,480	18,620	19,860	1,270	570	700
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	2,170	1,030	1,135	130	85	45
Other European origins	226,695	115,110	111,580	24,805	12,690	12,110
Basque	6,965	3,690	3,275	1,270	705	565
Jewish	143,660	72,625	71,035	19,845	10,105	9,735
Roma (Gypsy)	4,630	2,195	2,440	250	155	90
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	4,870	2,560	2,310	195	95	100
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	67,890	34,730	33,160	3,450	1,760	1,685
Caribbean origins	749,155	349,810	399,345	119,515	54,900	64,620
Antiguan	4,500	2,115	2,385	235	125	115
Bahamian	3,675	1,915	1,760	225	120	105
Barbadian	37,780	17,745	20,035	3,765	1,660	2,100
Bermudan	3,075	1,435	1,640	60	20	40
Carib	3,030	1,175	1,860	300	115	180
Cuban	29,065	13,800	15,270	4,820	2,310	2,505
Dominican	23,130	11,000	12,125	6,945	3,160	3,785
Grenadian	17,915	7,835	10,080	1,495	590	900
Guadeloupean	1,125	515	605	495	225	270
Haitian	165,095	76,460	88,635	82,000	37,695	44,305
Jamaican	309,485	145,080	164,410	9,595	4,440	5,155
Kittitian/Nevisian	2,915	1,460	1,460	275	130	140
Martinican	2,010	900	1,110	1,025	495	525
Montserratan	930	460	470	140	70	65
Puerto Rican	3,405	1,645	1,765	285	145	145
St. Lucian	8,985	4,095	4,890	530	260	265
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	78,965	37,325	41,635	4,325	1,940	2,385
Vincentian/Grenadinian	17,420	7,475	9,945	3,285	1,345	1,940
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	70,270	31,625	38,645	3,795	1,665	2,125
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	26,830	12,520	14,310	2,945	1,350	1,600
Latin, Central and South American origins	674,640	325,210	349,430	85,035	41,350	43,685
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	22,725	10,875	11,850	3,405	1,635	1,770
Arawak	1,440	610	830	120	30	95
Argentinian	20,680	10,130	10,545	2,740	1,390	1,350
Belizean	1,755	915	845	25	10	10
Bolivian	5,055	2,480	2,580	930	440	485
Brazilian	36,830	17,380	19,455	4,350	2,105	2,245
Chilean	45,190	22,280	22,910	6,855	3,460	3,395
Colombian	96,325	45,590	50,735	12,530	5,945	6,580
Costa Rican	5,535	2,680	2,855	595	300	295
Ecuadorian	25,405	11,995	13,415	1,615	715	895
Guatemalan	26,275	13,360	12,915	5,830	3,000	2,830
Guyanese	84,275	39,530	44,745	2,465	1,205	1,255
Hispanic	11,055	5,380	5,670	590	320	265
Honduran	10,650	5,235	5,415	2,815	1,355	1,460
Maya	6,285	3,350	2,940	960	565	400
Mexican	128,485	62,890	65,595	13,835	6,685	7,150
Nicaraguan	13,705	6,650	7,055	1,500	755	750
Panamanian	4,700	2,210	2,495	830	425	410
Paraguayan	4,325	2,165	2,160	190	95	95
Peruvian	42,145	19,645	22,505	10,190	4,805	5,385
Salvadorean	66,220	32,960	33,255	11,535	5,710	5,820
Uruguayan	6,795	3,390	3,410	870	400	470
Venezuelan	26,345	12,220	14,125	4,020	1,830	2,195
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	28,455	13,930	14,525	3,410	1,730	1,680
African origins	1,067,930	539,805	528,120	224,260	115,410	108,850
Central and West African origins	230,110	118,040	112,070	45,140	23,345	21,795
Akan	1,955	1,090	870	395	210	185
Angolan	2,960	1,475	1,480	470	225	245
Ashanti	1,585	855	735	65	55	0
Beninese	4,995	2,670	2,320	1,885	950	935
Burkinabe	3,150	1,665	1,485	1,245	670	580
Cameroonian	24,615	12,390	12,230	8,790	4,475	4,310
Chadian	1,845	955	885	655	340	310
Congolese	38,365	18,925	19,440	9,960	4,845	5,115
Edo	1,945	1,095	855	95	50	40
Ewe	845	470	375	215	135	85
Gabonese	1,405	660	750	450	195	255
Gambian	975	495	475	80	45	35
Ghanaian	35,495	17,720	17,770	2,240	1,130	1,115
Guinean	7,240	3,785	3,455	3,080	1,630	1,450
Ibo	5,315	2,850	2,470	135	60	75
Ivorian	10,935	5,485	5,450	4,360	2,195	2,170
Liberian	2,485	1,130	1,360	60	25	35
Malian	4,490	2,280	2,210	1,815	920	900
Malinké	1,125	585	535	400	210	190
Nigerian	51,835	27,025	24,805	1,815	975	835
Peulh	2,435	1,270	1,170	1,310	660	650
Senegalese	10,175	5,500	4,670	4,070	2,220	1,845
Sierra Leonean	2,620	1,330	1,295	80	40	40
Togolese	5,300	2,870	2,430	1,865	980	880
Wolof	840	495	345	355	210	145
Yoruba	9,585	5,075	4,515	285	140	140
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	15,380	7,940	7,445	3,410	1,845	1,565
North African origins	355,045	185,775	169,270	142,110	74,140	67,970
Algerian	67,335	34,755	32,580	40,120	20,825	19,295
Berber	37,060	19,685	17,375	21,550	11,345	10,205
Coptic	3,535	1,860	1,680	375	210	165
Dinka	900	500	400	0	0	0
Egyptian	99,140	51,730	47,410	17,790	9,220	8,570
Libyan	7,740	4,135	3,605	770	410	360
Maure	1,190	655	535	355	205	150
Moroccan	103,940	54,005	49,945	53,670	27,715	25,955
Sudanese	19,960	10,315	9,645	215	110	105
Tunisian	25,645	13,985	11,665	12,870	6,975	5,890
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	6,115	3,320	2,795	2,135	1,205	930
Southern and East African origins	260,145	128,325	131,815	13,315	6,550	6,765
Afrikaner	1,870	955	915	75	65	10
Amhara	1,530	815	715	25	10	10
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	3,965	2,175	1,785	900	495	405
Burundian	10,990	5,405	5,580	2,015	970	1,045
Djiboutian	1,710	790	920	220	100	125
Eritrean	25,255	12,830	12,430	335	175	155
Ethiopian	44,065	21,680	22,385	1,130	565	565
Harari	665	355	305	15	10	10
Kenyan	10,915	5,230	5,685	300	135	160
Malagasy	4,500	2,175	2,325	1,490	750	745
Mauritian	9,325	4,655	4,665	1,735	825	910
Oromo	3,350	1,745	1,605	10	10	0
Rwandan	10,775	5,065	5,705	1,995	935	1,055
Seychellois	1,285	575	710	480	220	255
Somali	62,550	30,215	32,330	1,230	590	635
South African	41,375	20,575	20,800	540	280	265
Tanzanian	4,710	2,400	2,310	140	80	55
Tigrian	2,155	1,160	995	60	25	40
Ugandan	5,705	2,875	2,830	115	50	65
Zambian	1,860	935	920	30	15	15
Zimbabwean	8,090	3,975	4,110	225	120	105
Zulu	945	475	475	50	20	20
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	17,305	8,445	8,860	875	425	455
Other African origins	239,560	116,400	123,165	25,930	12,605	13,325
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	30,385	14,015	16,370	2,125	990	1,135
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	212,005	103,790	108,215	24,195	11,815	12,380
Asian origins	6,095,235	2,958,120	3,137,115	353,565	173,390	180,180
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,011,145	518,170	492,980	137,895	70,990	66,905
Afghan	83,995	42,320	41,675	2,395	1,205	1,185
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	111,400	58,930	52,475	27,100	14,270	12,830
Armenian	63,810	31,505	32,305	13,180	6,420	6,765
Assyrian	13,835	7,115	6,720	185	110	75
Azerbaijani	6,425	3,230	3,200	435	225	215
Georgian	4,775	2,430	2,345	520	245	280
Hazara	1,515	810	705	10	10	10
Iranian	210,405	106,565	103,840	19,670	9,825	9,845
Iraqi	70,925	35,965	34,955	3,380	1,685	1,690
Israeli	28,735	15,065	13,675	5,195	2,745	2,450
Jordanian	14,250	7,520	6,735	1,075	565	515
Kazakh	3,330	1,615	1,710	445	220	225
Kurd	16,315	8,810	7,515	1,395	755	640
Kuwaiti	2,235	1,185	1,055	55	25	25
Kyrgyz	1,060	510	550	210	115	95
Lebanese	219,555	112,970	106,590	40,100	21,075	19,025
Palestinian	44,820	23,900	20,920	4,555	2,330	2,225
Pashtun	4,810	2,565	2,245	340	185	155
Saudi Arabian	6,810	3,935	2,880	550	330	220
Syrian	77,045	38,445	38,600	15,765	8,050	7,715
Tajik	2,905	1,410	1,495	110	40	70
Tatar	4,825	2,155	2,670	650	315	340
Turk	63,955	32,855	31,100	9,590	4,620	4,970
Turkmen	1,040	540	500	25	15	10
Uighur	1,555	775	785	295	130	155
Uzbek	3,920	1,920	2,000	340	165	180
Yemeni	6,645	3,335	3,305	610	320	285
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	25,280	13,180	12,100	1,765	980	785
South Asian origins	1,963,330	993,595	969,735	68,825	35,490	33,335
Bangladeshi	45,940	23,645	22,300	6,115	3,155	2,955
Bengali	22,900	11,730	11,180	3,575	1,730	1,840
Bhutanese	3,600	1,765	1,835	0	0	0
East Indian	1,374,710	694,990	679,720	35,830	18,630	17,190
Goan	6,070	2,915	3,155	160	75	90
Gujarati	8,350	4,305	4,050	340	165	175
Kashmiri	3,115	1,605	1,510	230	140	85
Nepali	17,140	8,715	8,420	180	95	80
Pakistani	215,555	110,420	105,140	9,510	4,880	4,630
Punjabi	118,400	61,155	57,240	2,125	1,235	890
Sinhalese	7,285	3,605	3,685	205	85	125
Sri Lankan	152,595	75,010	77,585	11,255	5,590	5,665
Tamil	48,670	24,845	23,825	2,505	1,320	1,185
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	76,400	38,815	37,585	1,585	875	705
East and Southeast Asian origins	3,163,360	1,467,205	1,696,155	148,715	67,730	80,985
Burmese	9,335	4,535	4,795	175	100	75
Cambodian (Khmer)	38,490	18,515	19,980	7,745	3,775	3,975
Chinese	1,769,195	836,150	933,045	76,085	35,390	40,690
Filipino	837,130	369,105	468,025	30,545	12,430	18,115
Hmong	805	420	390	35	10	20
Indonesian	21,390	9,950	11,440	790	340	450
Japanese	121,485	53,415	68,070	4,025	1,580	2,445
Karen	4,510	2,275	2,240	0	0	0
Korean	198,210	93,680	104,525	6,035	2,860	3,180
Laotian	24,580	12,190	12,390	2,805	1,445	1,365
Malaysian	16,920	7,735	9,185	425	190	235
Mongolian	7,480	3,560	3,915	510	230	280
Singaporean	2,850	1,325	1,520	90	50	45
Taiwanese	36,510	16,570	19,945	1,365	570	795
Thai	19,010	7,330	11,680	1,105	450	655
Tibetan	8,040	4,055	3,985	40	20	15
Vietnamese	240,615	115,935	124,680	28,155	13,530	14,625
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	6,500	3,150	3,355	225	105	120
Other Asian origins	22,745	11,280	11,460	1,275	675	600
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	22,740	11,280	11,460	1,275	675	595
Oceania origins	85,470	43,030	42,440	1,870	1,005	865
Australian	42,315	21,710	20,605	1,240	705	540
New Zealander	15,395	8,065	7,330	265	130	135
Pacific Islands origins	29,485	14,240	15,250	425	205	220
Fijian	19,375	9,280	10,090	35	15	20
Hawaiian	3,295	1,500	1,795	25	10	20
Maori	2,500	1,310	1,195	50	40	20
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	1,530	725	805	130	60	70
Samoan	1,100	625	475	10	10	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	2,335	1,145	1,185	200	100	105
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	14,072,075	...	...	870,375	...	...
Owner	9,541,320	...	...	348,230	...	...
Renter	4,474,530	...	...	522,140	...	...
Band housing	56,230	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	14,072,075	...	...	870,375	...	...
Condominium	1,874,840	...	...	161,045	...	...
Not condominium	12,197,240	...	...	709,330	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	14,072,080	...	...	870,375	...	...
No bedrooms	93,345	...	...	14,110	...	...
1 bedroom	1,925,015	...	...	254,690	...	...
2 bedrooms	3,547,090	...	...	292,930	...	...
3 bedrooms	4,836,485	...	...	216,835	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,670,145	...	...	91,805	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	14,072,075	...	...	870,375	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	4,068,915	...	...	467,490	...	...
5 rooms	2,177,045	...	...	163,460	...	...
6 rooms	1,981,585	...	...	79,935	...	...
7 rooms	1,790,180	...	...	58,855	...	...
8 or more rooms	4,054,355	...	...	100,625	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	4.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	14,072,080	...	...	870,375	...	...
One person or fewer per room	13,802,060	...	...	845,575	...	...
More than 1 person per room	270,020	...	...	24,795	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	14,072,075	...	...	870,375	...	...
Suitable	13,376,345	...	...	799,140	...	...
Not suitable	695,730	...	...	71,230	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	14,072,080	...	...	870,375	...	...
1960 or before	3,126,380	...	...	334,260	...	...
1961 to 1980	4,185,510	...	...	284,020	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,977,640	...	...	100,065	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,746,390	...	...	55,905	...	...
2001 to 2005	976,390	...	...	28,930	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,089,750	...	...	32,720	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	970,015	...	...	34,465	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	14,072,080	...	...	870,375	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	13,151,600	...	...	801,740	...	...
Major repairs needed	920,480	...	...	68,630	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	14,072,080	...	...	870,370	...	...
1 household maintainer	8,324,865	...	...	584,240	...	...
2 household maintainers	5,404,800	...	...	266,165	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	342,415	...	...	19,970	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	14,072,080	...	...	870,375	...	...
15 to 24 years	437,230	...	...	39,040	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,991,685	...	...	151,650	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,414,920	...	...	163,270	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,862,870	...	...	161,100	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,859,315	...	...	152,865	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,034,220	...	...	109,830	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,084,700	...	...	65,970	...	...
85 years and over	387,135	...	...	26,650	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	13,798,305	...	...	868,760	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	10,472,355	...	...	606,785	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,325,950	...	...	261,975	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,861,615	...	...	219,820	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	9,368,330	...	...	348,225	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	60.7	...	...	59.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	16.6	...	...	20.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,130	...	...	1,218	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,313	...	...	1,366	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	341,556	...	...	399,785	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	443,058	...	...	462,244	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,452,850	...	...	522,140	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	13.0	...	...	8.7	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	40.0	...	...	36.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	910	...	...	778	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,002	...	...	851	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,580	1,590,980	770,730	820,255
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,239,575	2,667,995	2,571,585	268,125	127,735	140,390
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	7,576,400	3,686,630	3,889,770	324,455	159,965	164,490
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,230	998,410	483,035	515,370
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,800,260	1,906,610	893,650	158,510	88,680	69,830
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,549,880	880,365	669,515	115,485	59,085	56,400
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	1,250,385	1,026,250	224,140	43,030	29,595	13,435
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,553,825	2,326,940	3,226,890	260,250	119,475	140,775
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	813,335	331,940	481,395	63,120	26,705	36,415
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,659,615	3,070,315	3,589,300	516,530	248,170	268,360
Bachelor's degree	4,443,835	1,967,905	2,475,935	301,965	139,970	161,995
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	462,295	203,725	258,570	48,790	22,955	25,830
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	190,925	102,530	88,395	15,170	7,760	7,415
Master's degree	1,331,045	651,510	679,535	125,995	62,965	63,030
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	231,510	144,640	86,870	24,610	14,520	10,085
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	1,067,000	528,725	538,275
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,169,790	1,200,110	969,685	112,980	59,375	53,605
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	4,494,585	2,247,020	2,247,565	178,710	93,475	85,230
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,267,005	5,821,425	6,445,580	775,310	375,870	399,440
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,042,430	1,377,775	664,650	119,695	65,705	53,990
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,145,035	639,785	505,250	88,605	44,645	43,960
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	897,390	737,990	159,405	31,095	21,060	10,030
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,241,985	1,786,065	2,455,920	177,940	84,760	93,180
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	580,885	240,040	340,850	47,550	20,660	26,885
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	5,401,705	2,417,555	2,984,155	430,130	204,745	225,380
Bachelor's degree	3,590,080	1,562,160	2,027,925	248,180	115,200	132,985
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	362,455	151,205	211,250	40,235	18,395	21,840
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	153,290	74,440	78,855	11,910	5,425	6,485
Master's degree	1,120,190	527,335	592,850	109,920	54,580	55,340
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	175,685	102,415	73,275	19,885	11,150	8,725
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	1,590,985	770,730	820,255
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	12,815,980	6,354,625	6,461,350	592,575	287,695	304,880
Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,800	53,045	11,820	41,225
13. Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,805	53,045	11,820	41,225
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	596,230	268,050	328,180	65,705	31,355	34,350
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	99,020	72,865	26,150	8,345	6,205	2,140
50. Visual and performing arts	497,210	195,185	302,025	57,365	25,145	32,220
Humanities	850,840	330,490	520,345	77,355	30,055	47,300
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	98,000	22,100	75,900	15,000	3,490	11,510
23. English language and literature/letters	178,590	52,785	125,810	8,220	2,515	5,700
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	275,525	104,135	171,390	27,880	11,405	16,475
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	4,160	1,640	2,520	285	105	185
38. Philosophy and religious studies	51,930	30,185	21,750	4,830	2,990	1,840
39. Theology and religious vocations	77,490	46,285	31,200	2,430	1,705	725
54. History	111,465	59,965	51,500	7,040	3,975	3,060
55. French language and literature/letters	53,680	13,400	40,290	11,675	3,875	7,805
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,761,900	586,455	1,175,445	141,250	52,575	88,675
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	24,685	5,660	19,025	2,010	530	1,480
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	182,275	68,030	114,245	20,935	7,630	13,305
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	324,660	26,065	298,595	17,860	1,995	15,865
22. Legal professions and studies	289,600	102,660	186,945	25,305	10,650	14,655
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	35,445	8,150	27,295	3,105	835	2,275
42. Psychology	281,470	71,230	210,230	18,865	4,905	13,955
45. Social sciences	623,775	304,660	319,110	53,170	26,025	27,145
Business, management and public administration	3,360,045	1,272,475	2,087,565	228,555	98,790	129,760
30.16 Accounting and computer science	6,190	1,850	4,340	245	95	145
44. Public administration and social service professions	237,835	48,815	189,015	10,680	2,520	8,165
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,116,025	1,221,805	1,894,215	217,625	96,175	121,455
Physical and life sciences and technologies	614,280	315,665	298,615	51,035	27,060	23,975
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	249,955	105,560	144,400	20,305	8,320	11,980
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	125,600	61,685	63,915	9,495	5,530	3,970
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	28,155	12,625	15,530	4,380	2,310	2,065
40. Physical sciences	179,305	122,815	56,485	15,330	10,085	5,240
41. Science technologies/technicians	31,270	12,980	18,290	1,525	805	720
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	651,480	420,370	231,110	52,280	36,525	15,760
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	514,685	356,435	158,250	41,680	31,280	10,405
25. Library science	40,820	6,495	34,320	3,625	755	2,870
27. Mathematics and statistics	86,655	50,930	35,725	6,135	3,855	2,275
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	9,325	6,510	2,815	840	630	205
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,327,405	3,022,700	304,700	161,710	137,995	23,710
04. Architecture and related services	114,315	72,880	41,435	11,440	6,565	4,875
14. Engineering	752,465	615,880	136,585	66,425	52,940	13,490
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	620,065	551,855	68,205	24,465	21,825	2,635
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	410	85	325	25	10	15
46. Construction trades	702,155	682,710	19,445	22,655	21,670	985
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	731,135	709,430	21,705	23,180	22,285	890
48. Precision production	406,855	389,850	17,005	13,525	12,700	820
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	339,050	219,040	120,010	9,600	5,025	4,570
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	205,930	127,925	78,005	6,105	3,180	2,920
03. Natural resources and conservation	133,120	91,115	42,005	3,500	1,845	1,650
Health and related fields	2,266,720	441,180	1,825,545	113,455	28,650	84,800
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	164,295	81,260	83,040	6,710	3,425	3,285
51. Health professions and related programs	2,047,680	329,010	1,718,670	101,665	22,475	79,185
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	54,740	30,910	23,830	5,085	2,755	2,335
Personal, protective and transportation services	995,825	507,200	488,630	44,270	23,130	21,140
12. Personal and culinary services	565,555	151,530	414,025	28,675	10,020	18,660
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	3,505	3,080	420	55	50	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	7,900	7,230	670	170	170	0
43. Security and protective services	206,745	150,540	56,205	7,455	5,825	1,630
49. Transportation and materials moving	212,125	194,810	17,315	7,905	7,060	845
Other	3,170	885	2,280	145	55	90
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	3,170	890	2,280	145	55	90
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	18,931,385	9,268,555	9,662,825	1,067,000	528,725	538,280
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	6,664,380	3,447,130	3,217,250	291,685	152,855	138,830
Education	727,515	160,315	567,205	37,035	8,115	28,920
13. Education	727,515	160,315	567,200	37,030	8,110	28,920
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	467,905	208,365	259,545	52,420	25,525	26,900
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	74,530	53,995	20,535	6,460	4,740	1,720
50. Visual and performing arts	393,375	154,370	239,005	45,955	20,785	25,175
Humanities	614,815	232,425	382,390	53,455	20,955	32,500
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	76,540	16,200	60,340	11,875	2,820	9,050
23. English language and literature/letters	133,800	38,310	95,485	6,265	1,920	4,340
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	191,005	71,770	119,235	16,240	7,070	9,170
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	3,140	1,250	1,895	190	70	120
38. Philosophy and religious studies	37,870	21,930	15,940	3,530	2,200	1,330
39. Theology and religious vocations	52,295	31,200	21,090	1,565	1,100	460
54. History	82,565	43,475	39,085	5,260	3,050	2,210
55. French language and literature/letters	37,600	8,285	29,315	8,535	2,715	5,820
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,417,625	453,100	964,525	110,575	40,835	69,740
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20,300	4,595	15,705	1,665	445	1,220
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	152,080	56,125	95,955	17,580	6,520	11,055
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	259,845	19,160	240,685	14,035	1,380	12,655
22. Legal professions and studies	241,170	76,720	164,445	20,640	8,225	12,415
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	27,310	6,390	20,920	2,215	615	1,600
42. Psychology	218,470	51,570	166,900	14,185	3,610	10,570
45. Social sciences	498,450	238,540	259,915	40,250	20,035	20,210
Business, management and public administration	2,696,770	1,000,895	1,695,875	184,055	79,015	105,045
30.16 Accounting and computer science	4,955	1,480	3,475	205	90	120
44. Public administration and social service professions	192,190	36,890	155,305	8,555	2,030	6,525
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,499,625	962,530	1,537,095	175,300	76,900	98,400
Physical and life sciences and technologies	449,870	222,120	227,755	34,915	17,965	16,955
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	195,830	79,945	115,880	16,520	6,645	9,875
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	89,205	42,265	46,945	4,635	2,710	1,925
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	9,280	3,850	5,430	1,090	615	475
40. Physical sciences	132,935	87,025	45,905	11,490	7,355	4,135
41. Science technologies/technicians	22,625	9,035	13,590	1,180	635	550
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	567,415	368,840	198,575	45,775	32,340	13,435
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	464,000	321,805	142,190	37,730	28,385	9,345
25. Library science	29,955	4,870	25,080	2,765	645	2,120
27. Mathematics and statistics	65,620	36,895	28,725	4,625	2,845	1,780
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	7,840	5,270	2,575	655	460	195
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,532,555	2,271,735	260,820	127,855	107,035	20,820
04. Architecture and related services	93,135	57,280	35,850	9,630	5,365	4,260
14. Engineering	612,265	490,980	121,285	56,565	44,315	12,255
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	475,045	418,595	56,450	18,385	16,350	2,040
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	350	70	275	25	10	20
46. Construction trades	515,630	499,670	15,960	16,340	15,500	845
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	540,800	523,425	17,375	17,245	16,530	715
48. Precision production	295,335	281,715	13,620	9,655	8,970	685
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	269,445	167,680	101,770	8,060	4,150	3,910
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	159,975	94,680	65,295	5,045	2,570	2,475
03. Natural resources and conservation	109,470	73,000	36,470	3,020	1,585	1,430
Health and related fields	1,749,545	342,395	1,407,145	86,710	21,765	64,945
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	129,560	63,315	66,245	5,535	2,815	2,715
51. Health professions and related programs	1,576,945	256,895	1,320,050	77,255	17,060	60,195
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	43,040	22,185	20,860	3,920	1,885	2,035
Personal, protective and transportation services	770,950	392,820	378,135	34,345	18,150	16,195
12. Personal and culinary services	431,415	114,395	317,025	21,990	7,735	14,255
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	2,725	2,355	375	35	25	10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	4,425	3,975	445	120	120	0
43. Security and protective services	162,995	116,750	46,240	5,770	4,515	1,255
49. Transportation and materials moving	169,400	155,340	14,050	6,435	5,765	670
Other	2,590	745	1,845	120	35	90
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	2,585	740	1,845	125	35	90
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,585	1,590,985	770,730	820,255
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,815,975	6,354,625	6,461,350	592,575	287,690	304,880
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,235	998,410	483,035	515,370
Location of study inside Canada	13,117,190	6,299,305	6,817,890	766,825	365,725	401,100
Same as province or territory of residence	11,519,215	5,503,640	6,015,575	730,595	346,900	383,695
Different than province or territory of residence	1,597,975	795,655	802,315	36,225	18,820	17,410
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	2,709,850	1,336,505	1,373,345	231,585	117,315	114,270
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	349,540	189,995	159,545	16,020	9,365	6,655
Philippines	298,830	109,820	189,020	10,640	3,035	7,605
India	281,415	142,410	138,995	5,395	2,935	2,465
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	232,035	131,050	100,980	7,135	4,090	3,045
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	205,375	94,690	110,685	12,015	5,430	6,585
France	88,860	50,400	38,455	39,955	22,250	17,705
Other	1,253,790	618,135	635,655	140,420	70,205	70,215
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	1,067,000	528,720	538,280
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,664,380	3,447,125	3,217,250	291,685	152,855	138,835
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	12,267,005	5,821,430	6,445,575	775,310	375,870	399,440
Location of study inside Canada	10,134,590	4,807,045	5,327,545	584,410	280,785	303,620
Same as province or territory of residence	8,918,160	4,207,495	4,710,665	556,135	266,180	289,960
Different than province or territory of residence	1,216,425	599,545	616,875	28,270	14,605	13,660
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	2,132,415	1,014,385	1,118,030	190,905	95,085	95,825
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	254,245	131,955	122,290	11,570	6,575	4,990
Philippines	263,095	96,025	167,065	9,045	2,505	6,540
India	239,535	117,445	122,090	3,905	1,980	1,925
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	133,655	73,575	60,085	4,800	2,760	2,045
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	175,825	79,635	96,190	10,835	4,830	6,005
France	72,920	40,610	32,310	34,215	18,870	15,340
Other	993,135	475,145	517,990	116,535	57,560	58,975
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,585	1,590,980	770,730	820,255
In the labour force	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,645	1,019,360	529,940	489,425
Employed	17,230,040	8,923,540	8,306,490	927,720	480,600	447,115
Unemployed	1,442,435	808,285	634,150	91,645	49,335	42,310
Not in the labour force	9,970,545	4,258,605	5,711,945	571,625	240,795	330,835
Participation rate	65.2	69.6	61.0	64.1	68.8	59.7
Employment rate	60.2	63.8	56.7	58.3	62.4	54.5
Unemployment rate	7.7	8.3	7.1	9.0	9.3	8.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,580	1,590,985	770,730	820,255
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	9,282,005	3,930,570	5,351,440	553,110	233,515	319,595
Worked	19,361,010	10,059,865	9,301,150	1,037,875	537,220	500,660
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	9,626,010	5,402,110	4,223,895	466,195	258,815	207,380
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	9,735,005	4,657,755	5,077,245	571,675	278,400	293,270
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.4	42.9	42.0	41.7	42.1	41.2
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	18,672,470	9,731,825	8,940,640	1,019,360	529,935	489,420
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,705	206,640	37,225	18,855	18,375
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000	982,135	511,085	471,050
Employee	16,073,685	8,158,745	7,914,940	861,390	435,915	425,475
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	2,194,440	1,375,380	819,060	120,740	75,170	45,575
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	18,672,470	9,731,830	8,940,645	1,019,360	529,935	489,425
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,710	206,640	37,230	18,855	18,375
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	18,268,120	9,534,120	8,734,005	982,135	511,080	471,050
0 Management occupations	2,013,370	1,251,165	762,205	102,460	62,870	39,590
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,874,305	862,870	2,011,440	174,400	64,685	109,715
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,273,660	990,560	283,105	86,460	67,345	19,110
3 Health occupations	1,245,885	244,730	1,001,155	66,460	17,440	49,020
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,138,445	672,945	1,465,495	128,005	41,290	86,720
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	557,275	255,705	301,570	56,345	28,500	27,845
6 Sales and service occupations	4,265,895	1,843,510	2,422,390	244,935	124,900	120,040
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,668,875	2,504,290	164,585	78,995	74,080	4,915
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	416,135	331,920	84,215	4,615	3,825	790
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	814,285	576,435	237,845	39,460	26,150	13,310
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,640	1,019,360	529,935	489,425
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,710	206,640	37,230	18,855	18,380
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000	982,130	511,085	471,050
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	444,680	310,000	134,675	2,495	1,570	930
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	271,300	219,880	51,420	1,065	790	280
22 Utilities	136,350	100,135	36,210	4,680	2,860	1,825
23 Construction	1,365,010	1,196,550	168,455	31,500	27,345	4,155
31-33 Manufacturing	1,596,570	1,149,745	446,820	87,555	59,285	28,265
41 Wholesale trade	665,685	451,230	214,455	44,740	27,130	17,610
44-45 Retail trade	2,110,200	984,090	1,126,115	107,155	52,620	54,535
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	876,050	656,375	219,670	44,395	33,130	11,265
51 Information and cultural industries	420,350	243,650	176,705	43,110	25,720	17,390
52 Finance and insurance	790,580	327,865	462,715	49,540	24,125	25,415
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	333,305	184,350	148,955	20,385	12,020	8,365
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,335,125	740,520	594,605	107,075	62,855	44,220
55 Management of companies and enterprises	28,795	12,795	16,000	1,525	630	900
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	802,420	462,825	339,590	52,300	31,480	20,815
61 Educational services	1,346,585	420,845	925,735	85,270	31,335	53,935
62 Health care and social assistance	2,138,025	383,755	1,754,270	118,530	28,480	90,055
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	379,740	192,875	186,865	26,285	13,675	12,605
72 Accommodation and food services	1,283,725	535,210	748,515	72,915	38,965	33,950
81 Other services (except public administration)	814,695	371,880	442,815	44,295	18,450	25,840
91 Public administration	1,128,945	589,530	539,405	37,320	18,620	18,700
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	17,230,035	8,923,540	8,306,495	927,715	480,605	447,115
Worked at home	1,272,285	639,500	632,785	65,840	34,655	31,185
Worked outside Canada	78,815	54,235	24,580	4,345	3,000	1,345
No fixed workplace address	1,987,260	1,487,445	499,820	74,690	51,335	23,355
Worked at usual place	13,891,675	6,742,360	7,149,315	782,840	391,615	391,225
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	13,891,680	6,742,365	7,149,315	782,845	391,615	391,230
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	8,102,115	3,723,115	4,379,005	575,810	278,865	296,940
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,906,390	1,435,640	1,470,750	134,040	69,050	64,995
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,725,205	1,492,170	1,233,030	69,715	41,695	28,020
Commute to a different province or territory	157,970	91,445	66,525	3,275	2,005	1,265
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135	857,530	442,945	414,580
Car, truck, van - as a driver	11,748,095	6,380,120	5,367,975	427,530	250,230	177,305
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	868,920	349,855	519,065	26,400	8,575	17,820
Public transit	1,968,215	846,735	1,121,485	295,860	128,960	166,895
Walked	877,985	392,950	485,030	69,410	31,975	37,440
Bicycle	222,130	146,615	75,515	30,645	18,895	11,745
Other method	193,595	113,525	80,060	7,695	4,310	3,380
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	15,878,945	8,229,810	7,649,130	857,530	442,945	414,580
Less than 15 minutes	4,449,920	2,071,365	2,378,555	130,495	64,645	65,850
15 to 29 minutes	5,314,295	2,725,165	2,589,130	287,415	153,305	134,115
30 to 44 minutes	3,228,845	1,782,680	1,446,165	244,380	130,560	113,820
45 to 59 minutes	1,391,060	768,115	622,940	107,170	52,160	55,010
60 minutes and over	1,494,830	882,485	612,345	88,065	42,275	45,790
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135	857,530	442,945	414,585
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,073,680	781,230	292,455	43,455	30,780	12,675
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,814,750	1,754,045	1,060,710	120,205	69,870	50,335
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	4,458,835	2,217,210	2,241,620	237,660	111,655	126,000
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,349,975	1,408,710	1,941,265	209,795	98,520	111,275
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,756,265	752,940	1,003,325	119,630	58,555	61,070
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,425,435	1,315,670	1,109,765	126,790	73,560	53,225
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	19,956,255	10,342,970	9,613,285	1,074,970	555,425	519,540
Single responses	19,365,980	10,042,855	9,323,130	914,950	471,330	443,615
Official languages	19,090,545	9,897,470	9,193,075	901,375	464,545	436,830
English	15,265,335	7,952,010	7,313,320	292,300	156,175	136,130
French	3,825,215	1,945,465	1,879,750	609,070	308,365	300,705
Non-official languages	275,430	145,380	130,055	13,575	6,790	6,790
Aboriginal languages	24,950	12,385	12,565	50	15	40
Algonquian languages	14,440	7,370	7,070	25	10	15
Blackfoot	80	45	35	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	11,540	5,820	5,720	25	10	10
Atikamekw	1,095	580	515	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	2,055	970	1,085	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	370	180	190	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	40	25	10	15	10	0
Plains Cree	95	60	35	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	15	10	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	75	35	40	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	7,795	3,965	3,835	10	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	925	510	420	0	0	0
Malecite	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	915	505	410	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	1,895	995	900	0	0	0
Algonquin	45	20	25	0	0	0
Ojibway	765	380	385	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	1,080	595	485	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	1,140	530	610	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	1,135	525	610	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	20	0	15	0	0	0
Chilcotin	20	0	10	0	0	0
Dene	770	360	405	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	165	80	80	0	0	0
Gwich'in	10	10	10	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	135	65	70	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	95	45	45	0	0	0
South Slavey	35	20	20	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages	8,845	4,255	4,595	25	0	20
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	35	10	25	0	0	0
Inuktitut	8,800	4,240	4,555	25	0	20
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Cayuga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	35	10	25	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	10	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	110	25	85	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lillooet	15	10	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	20	10	20	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	35	0	30	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	15	0	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	260	155	105	0	0	0
Dakota	20	10	10	0	0	0
Stoney	240	145	95	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	10	10	10	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	25	0	20	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nisga'a	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	30	15	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	250,485	132,990	117,490	13,530	6,780	6,755
Afro-Asiatic languages	7,380	4,530	2,850	1,140	690	450
Berber languages	35	10	30	20	0	15
Kabyle	20	0	20	20	0	20
Berber languages, n.i.e.	15	10	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	275	105	170	0	0	0
Bilen	10	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	45	25	20	0	0	0
Somali	220	80	145	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	7,065	4,420	2,650	1,120	690	430
Amharic	200	95	100	0	0	0
Arabic	5,585	3,695	1,890	1,000	625	375
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	205	155	55	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	30	20	15	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	825	335	490	120	65	60
Maltese	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	135	70	60	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	8,550	3,790	4,760	1,305	650	660
Khmer (Cambodian)	475	230	245	175	75	105
Vietnamese	8,070	3,560	4,510	1,130	575	560
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	3,850	1,750	2,095	125	60	60
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	75	20	55	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	25	0	15	0	0	0
Ilocano	110	50	60	10	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	140	75	65	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	3,450	1,580	1,875	105	45	60
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	40	25	15	10	0	0
Creole languages	350	125	225	185	60	125
Haitian Creole	25	10	15	10	10	10
Creole, n.o.s.	315	110	200	180	60	120
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	2,225	1,060	1,165	120	65	60
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	90	50	45	0	0	0
Tamil	2,090	1,005	1,080	120	70	55
Telugu	45	10	35	10	0	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	10	10	0	10	10	0
Indo-European languages	85,550	47,305	38,245	5,980	2,910	3,065
Albanian	350	220	125	15	15	0
Armenian	450	220	230	110	60	45
Balto-Slavic languages	10,075	4,745	5,330	885	400	485
Baltic languages	95	35	60	15	10	10
Latvian	40	10	25	10	10	0
Lithuanian	60	25	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages	9,980	4,710	5,270	870	390	480
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	155	90	65	0	0	0
Bulgarian	205	110	90	25	10	20
Croatian	220	130	95	0	0	0
Czech	70	40	30	10	0	0
Macedonian	95	45	55	0	0	0
Polish	2,500	1,265	1,235	145	60	85
Russian	4,850	2,135	2,720	565	270	290
Serbian	530	320	210	10	10	0
Serbo-Croatian	30	25	0	0	0	0
Slovak	100	60	40	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,210	485	725	105	35	70
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	15	15	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	13,285	7,455	5,835	755	300	455
Afrikaans	85	40	40	0	0	0
Danish	90	50	35	10	0	10
Dutch	1,165	630	540	15	0	15
Frisian	40	25	15	0	0	0
German	10,065	5,715	4,345	175	65	110
Icelandic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	65	30	40	0	0	0
Swedish	125	55	70	10	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	35	20	15	0	0	0
Yiddish	895	390	505	545	230	320
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	720	495	225	0	0	0
Greek	1,020	545	475	310	160	150
Indo-Iranian languages	37,330	21,140	16,190	925	545	380
Indo-Aryan languages	32,485	18,125	14,360	435	275	165
Bengali	530	275	245	85	65	20
Gujarati	880	300	585	15	10	10
Hindi	1,405	755	650	30	20	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	10	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	15	15	0	0	0
Nepali	195	95	100	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	27,870	15,945	11,920	255	150	100
Sindhi	35	10	30	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	40	25	20	0	0	0
Urdu	1,495	705	790	60	35	25
Iranian languages	4,820	3,000	1,815	485	270	215
Kurdish	185	150	40	10	0	10
Pashto	50	20	25	10	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	4,580	2,830	1,750	475	270	200
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	23,025	12,965	10,060	2,985	1,440	1,550
Catalan	30	10	20	10	0	10
Italian	1,705	895	805	455	255	200
Portuguese	7,490	4,795	2,695	375	220	160
Romanian	745	365	380	230	105	120
Spanish	13,030	6,885	6,145	1,915	860	1,050
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	3,255	1,195	2,065	180	70	110
Kartvelian languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Georgian	30	10	20	10	0	10
Korean	12,150	6,260	5,885	275	140	135
Mongolic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	235	120	115	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	25	10	20	0	0	0
Bamanankan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	20	10	10	0	0	0
Igbo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	0	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	25	0	15	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	80	50	30	0	0	0
Wolof	10	0	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	0	15	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	20	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	1,920	740	1,180	65	25	35
American Sign Language	1,145	340	810	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	135	15	115	30	0	30
Sign languages, n.i.e	640	390	255	35	25	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	122,880	65,030	57,850	4,000	2,045	1,950
Chinese languages	122,610	64,880	57,730	4,000	2,050	1,950
Cantonese	58,815	30,485	28,340	1,615	785	835
Hakka	70	25	45	0	0	0
Mandarin	60,090	32,430	27,665	2,155	1,160	1,000
Min Dong	25	15	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	565	335	225	50	25	25
Wu (Shanghainese)	105	65	45	15	10	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	2,930	1,530	1,405	160	75	85
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	270	155	115	0	0	0
Burmese	75	35	35	0	0	0
Karenic languages	135	75	55	0	0	0
Tibetan	50	30	20	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	675	270	405	25	15	15
Lao	150	70	80	10	10	0
Thai	525	205	325	15	0	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	750	475	275	75	35	40
Azerbaijani	30	20	0	0	0	0
Turkish	685	435	255	80	35	40
Uyghur	15	15	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	15	10	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	595	270	325	30	0	25
Estonian	50	15	40	0	0	0
Finnish	105	40	65	0	0	0
Hungarian	435	225	215	30	0	30
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	80	45	35	0	0	10
Multiple responses	590,270	300,115	290,155	160,020	84,100	75,925
English and French	412,680	211,095	201,585	144,525	76,125	68,400
English and non-official language	154,285	77,870	76,420	4,385	2,475	1,905
French and non-official language	7,830	3,595	4,235	3,725	1,770	1,960
English, French and non-official language	15,475	7,565	7,915	7,385	3,720	3,660
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	19,956,250	10,342,970	9,613,290	1,074,970	555,425	519,540
None	17,456,725	9,056,235	8,400,490	585,490	298,310	287,175
English	1,259,225	661,460	597,765	289,290	152,320	136,975
French	705,780	349,035	356,745	159,505	83,705	75,800
Non-official language	496,565	257,455	239,105	27,455	14,470	12,985
Aboriginal	37,615	17,215	20,400	120	55	70
Non-Aboriginal	458,945	240,245	218,710	27,335	14,410	12,920
English and French	2,535	1,200	1,335	1,145	535	610
English and non-official language	18,040	8,765	9,280	7,690	3,670	4,020
French and non-official language	17,265	8,730	8,540	4,370	2,405	1,965
English, French and non-official language	115	90	30	30	20	10
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	34,091,785	16,783,745	17,308,035	1,872,860	914,480	958,380
Non-movers	29,644,795	14,593,190	15,051,605	1,596,465	775,885	820,580
Movers	4,446,990	2,190,555	2,256,435	276,395	138,595	137,800
Non-migrants	2,623,515	1,292,750	1,330,760	192,940	96,765	96,170
Migrants	1,823,475	897,805	925,670	83,455	41,825	41,630
Internal migrants	1,451,005	713,060	737,945	43,805	21,870	21,935
Intraprovincial migrants	1,189,525	580,895	608,630	35,005	17,190	17,815
Interprovincial migrants	261,475	132,160	129,315	8,800	4,680	4,120
External migrants	372,475	184,745	187,730	39,650	19,960	19,695
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	32,568,560	16,004,315	16,564,245	1,785,390	869,675	915,715
Non-movers	20,134,760	9,902,645	10,232,115	1,013,590	485,800	527,790
Movers	12,433,805	6,101,675	6,332,130	771,800	383,875	387,925
Non-migrants	6,755,630	3,314,730	3,440,905	487,230	242,160	245,075
Migrants	5,678,175	2,786,945	2,891,230	284,570	141,715	142,850
Internal migrants	4,296,720	2,104,325	2,192,395	126,750	62,015	64,740
Intraprovincial migrants	3,467,670	1,689,950	1,777,720	105,505	51,380	54,120
Interprovincial migrants	829,045	414,375	414,670	21,250	10,630	10,615
External migrants	1,381,460	682,625	698,835	157,815	79,705	78,115