Census Profile, 2016 Census
Canada [Country] and Fredericton [Census agglomeration], New Brunswick

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Canada [Country]			Fredericton New Brunswick [Census agglomeration]
	Data quality , Canada [Country]  Map : Canada [Country] Change geography 1			Data quality : Fredericton [Census agglomeration], New Brunswick  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	35,151,728	...	...	101,760	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	33,476,688	...	...	98,320r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	5.0	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	15,412,443	...	...	46,459	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	14,072,079	...	...	42,772	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	3.9	...	...	17.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	8,965,588.85	...	...	5,745.41	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	35,151,730	17,264,200	17,887,530	101,765	49,400	52,365
0 to 14 years	5,839,565	2,992,920	2,846,645	16,650	8,370	8,280
0 to 4 years	1,898,790	973,030	925,760	5,400	2,730	2,670
5 to 9 years	2,018,130	1,034,685	983,445	5,695	2,865	2,825
10 to 14 years	1,922,645	985,200	937,445	5,560	2,770	2,785
15 to 64 years	23,376,530	11,576,130	11,800,400	68,400	33,425	34,975
15 to 19 years	2,026,160	1,039,215	986,940	5,930	3,030	2,900
20 to 24 years	2,242,690	1,144,495	1,098,200	7,335	3,685	3,650
25 to 29 years	2,285,990	1,144,470	1,141,515	6,570	3,275	3,295
30 to 34 years	2,329,395	1,148,290	1,181,110	6,635	3,245	3,385
35 to 39 years	2,288,365	1,118,635	1,169,730	6,605	3,145	3,460
40 to 44 years	2,255,135	1,104,440	1,150,695	6,830	3,290	3,535
45 to 49 years	2,359,965	1,157,760	1,202,210	6,975	3,405	3,575
50 to 54 years	2,678,075	1,318,755	1,359,320	7,745	3,790	3,955
55 to 59 years	2,620,240	1,285,190	1,335,055	7,215	3,490	3,725
60 to 64 years	2,290,510	1,114,885	1,175,630	6,560	3,075	3,490
65 years and over	5,935,630	2,695,150	3,240,485	16,710	7,605	9,100
65 to 69 years	1,972,480	953,075	1,019,405	5,855	2,850	3,005
70 to 74 years	1,420,875	677,975	742,900	4,110	1,965	2,140
75 to 79 years	1,021,850	469,550	552,300	2,925	1,365	1,555
80 to 84 years	749,650	325,765	423,880	1,940	800	1,140
85 years and over	770,780	268,790	501,990	1,880	625	1,260
85 to 89 years	482,525	185,535	296,990	1,140	430	715
90 to 94 years	223,510	68,675	154,835	585	160	425
95 to 99 years	56,525	13,240	43,280	145	35	110
100 years and over	8,230	1,340	6,890	15	0	10
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.3	15.9	16.4	16.9	15.8
15 to 64 years	66.5	67.1	66.0	67.2	67.7	66.8
65 years and over	16.9	15.6	18.1	16.4	15.4	17.4
85 years and over	2.2	1.6	2.8	1.8	1.3	2.4
Average age of the population	41.0	40.1	41.9	40.7	39.8	41.5
Median age of the population	41.2	40.2	42.2	40.9	39.9	41.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	14,072,080	...	...	42,770	...	...
Single-detached house	7,541,495	...	...	25,795	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,391,040	...	...	465	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	4,949,795	...	...	13,275	...	...
Semi-detached house	698,800	...	...	850	...	...
Row house	891,305	...	...	1,145	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	784,300	...	...	2,680	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,539,390	...	...	8,410	...	...
Other single-attached house	36,005	...	...	190	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	189,755	...	...	3,240	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	14,072,080	...	...	42,775	...	...
1 person	3,969,790	...	...	11,450	...	...
2 persons	4,834,605	...	...	16,490	...	...
3 persons	2,140,640	...	...	6,790	...	...
4 persons	1,946,275	...	...	5,610	...	...
5 or more persons	1,180,770	...	...	2,430	...	...
Number of persons in private households	34,460,060	...	...	100,365	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	29,312,160	14,271,280	15,040,885	85,110	41,030	44,080
Married or living common law	16,893,720	8,452,135	8,441,585	51,350	25,600	25,745
Married	13,383,455	6,693,465	6,689,990	42,235	21,050	21,180
Living common law	3,510,265	1,758,670	1,751,590	9,110	4,545	4,565
Not married and not living common law	12,418,440	5,819,140	6,599,300	33,765	15,430	18,330
Never married	8,254,340	4,444,425	3,809,915	22,210	11,740	10,465
Separated	718,295	309,905	408,400	2,500	1,080	1,420
Divorced	1,816,005	725,535	1,090,470	4,725	1,765	2,965
Widowed	1,629,800	339,280	1,290,525	4,330	845	3,480
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	9,840,730	...	...	29,690	...	...
2 persons	5,007,790	...	...	16,255	...	...
3 persons	2,107,830	...	...	6,305	...	...
4 persons	1,909,935	...	...	5,270	...	...
5 or more persons	815,170	...	...	1,860	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	9,840,730	...	...	29,690	...	...
Total couple families	8,227,925	...	...	25,285	...	...
Married couples	6,474,005	...	...	20,730	...	...
Common-law couples	1,753,920	...	...	4,555	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,612,805	...	...	4,405	...	...
Female parent	1,262,340	...	...	3,495	...	...
Male parent	350,465	...	...	910	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	8,227,925	...	...	25,285	...	...
Couples without children	4,024,305	...	...	13,445	...	...
Couples with children	4,203,615	...	...	11,840	...	...
1 child	1,650,165	...	...	5,100	...	...
2 children	1,783,080	...	...	4,960	...	...
3 or more children	770,375	...	...	1,780	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,612,805	...	...	4,405	...	...
1 child	983,485	...	...	2,810	...	...
2 children	457,670	...	...	1,200	...	...
3 or more children	171,655	...	...	390	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	6,107,260	2,941,395	3,165,865	17,960	8,420	9,540
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	14,072,075	...	...	42,775	...	...
One-census-family households	9,218,225	...	...	28,770	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	3,782,095	...	...	13,095	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	5,436,135	...	...	15,675	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	301,715	...	...	460	...	...
Non-census-family households	4,552,135	...	...	13,545	...	...
One-person households	3,969,790	...	...	11,450	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	582,350	...	...	2,095	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,080	100,940	49,100	51,840
English only	23,757,525	11,838,075	11,919,455	78,205	39,080	39,125
French only	4,144,685	1,925,845	2,218,840	370	180	190
English and French	6,216,065	3,071,325	3,144,740	21,680	9,525	12,155
Neither English nor French	648,970	265,920	383,045	680	315	370
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085	100,940	49,105	51,840
English	26,007,500	12,852,330	13,155,165	92,830	45,350	47,475
French	7,705,755	3,780,105	3,925,650	7,000	3,245	3,755
English and French	417,485	209,130	208,355	450	210	245
Neither English nor French	636,515	259,600	376,910	665	300	365
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	7,914,495	3,884,670	4,029,825	7,225	3,350	3,875
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	22.8	22.7	22.8	7.2	6.8	7.5
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,085	100,940	49,100	51,840
Single responses	33,948,620	16,702,840	17,245,775	99,635	48,505	51,130
Official languages	26,627,555	13,201,620	13,425,940	93,265	45,290	47,975
English	19,460,850	9,680,125	9,780,725	86,250	42,040	44,210
French	7,166,705	3,521,495	3,645,215	7,010	3,250	3,765
Non-official languages	7,321,065	3,501,220	3,819,840	6,375	3,215	3,160
Aboriginal languages	195,700	94,795	100,900	115	50	65
Algonquian languages	130,450	62,930	67,520	110	45	60
Blackfoot	2,815	1,325	1,490	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	88,445	42,920	45,530	5	0	5
Atikamekw	6,150	3,135	3,015	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	10,230	4,885	5,350	0	0	0
Moose Cree	100	50	55	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,205	590	620	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	315	125	190	0	0	0
Plains Cree	3,065	1,360	1,710	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	45	20	25	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	1,440	585	850	0	0	5
Woods Cree	1,840	865	975	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	64,050	31,305	32,745	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	6,990	3,310	3,680	110	50	60
Malecite	305	140	160	75	35	45
Mi'kmaq	6,690	3,170	3,520	30	10	15
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	32,150	15,350	16,800	0	0	0
Algonquin	1,260	590	670	0	0	0
Ojibway	17,890	8,440	9,450	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	12,855	6,260	6,595	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	150	65	85	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	45	25	20	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	17,365	8,325	9,045	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	17,315	8,310	9,010	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	110	55	60	0	0	0
Beaver	190	85	105	0	0	0
Carrier	1,025	465	565	0	0	0
Chilcotin	660	295	360	0	0	0
Dene	10,700	5,185	5,515	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	1,645	840	815	0	0	0
Gwich'in	260	110	145	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	80	25	50	0	0	0
Sekani	90	45	45	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	1,995	950	1,045	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	765	365	400	0	0	0
South Slavey	945	455	495	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	280	130	150	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	270	135	140	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	180	90	90	0	0	0
Tahltan	95	40	50	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	290	120	170	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	215	90	135	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	70	30	40	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	50	20	35	0	0	0
Haida	75	35	40	0	0	0
Inuit languages	36,545	18,100	18,445	5	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,025	445	575	0	0	0
Inuktitut	35,215	17,530	17,680	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	315	125	185	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	1,115	485	635	0	0	0
Cayuga	45	20	20	0	0	0
Mohawk	980	430	555	0	0	0
Oneida	55	20	40	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	35	15	20	0	0	0
Kutenai	105	55	55	0	0	0
Michif	465	230	235	0	0	0
Salish languages	2,305	1,130	1,180	0	0	0
Comox	80	45	40	0	0	0
Halkomelem	475	225	245	0	0	0
Lillooet	315	155	155	0	0	0
Okanagan	270	135	135	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	445	225	220	0	0	0
Squamish	40	20	20	0	0	0
Straits	80	40	40	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	335	150	185	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	255	135	125	0	0	0
Siouan languages	4,285	2,070	2,220	0	0	0
Dakota	1,215	570	635	0	0	0
Stoney	3,025	1,465	1,555	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	55	30	25	0	0	0
Tlingit	95	40	55	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	1,480	730	755	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	880	435	445	0	0	0
Nisga'a	400	200	200	0	0	0
Tsimshian	200	90	110	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	805	370	435	0	0	0
Haisla	90	40	50	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	95	40	55	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	325	145	185	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	285	135	140	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	585	295	295	5	0	5
Non-Aboriginal languages	7,125,365	3,406,425	3,718,945	6,260	3,165	3,090
Afro-Asiatic languages	575,365	298,060	277,300	1,065	580	485
Berber languages	22,135	11,865	10,270	0	0	0
Kabyle	13,150	6,995	6,155	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	8,985	4,865	4,115	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	42,885	20,095	22,790	5	5	0
Bilen	805	455	350	0	0	0
Oromo	4,960	2,560	2,400	5	0	0
Somali	36,755	16,895	19,865	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	365	195	170	0	0	0
Semitic languages	509,190	265,465	243,725	1,060	575	480
Amharic	22,465	10,720	11,745	35	25	15
Arabic	419,890	220,785	199,105	955	515	440
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	16,070	7,910	8,160	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5,545	2,780	2,770	0	0	0
Harari	1,320	635	685	0	0	0
Hebrew	19,530	10,480	9,045	55	35	25
Maltese	5,565	2,765	2,800	0	0	0
Tigrigna	16,650	8,310	8,340	5	5	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	2,155	1,085	1,070	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	1,155	635	520	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	176,725	81,810	94,920	195	105	90
Khmer (Cambodian)	20,130	9,270	10,860	5	5	0
Vietnamese	156,425	72,470	83,955	190	105	85
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	170	65	100	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	511,480	211,580	299,900	195	75	115
Bikol	1,790	790	1,000	0	0	0
Cebuano	19,890	7,930	11,960	15	10	10
Fijian	745	400	345	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	6,885	2,680	4,205	0	0	0
Ilocano	26,345	10,620	15,720	0	0	5
Malagasy	1,430	665	760	0	0	0
Malay	12,275	5,255	7,020	20	10	15
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	4,040	1,865	2,175	0	0	0
Pangasinan	1,390	590	800	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	431,380	178,575	252,810	145	55	95
Waray-Waray	1,110	430	675	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	4,195	1,770	2,425	0	0	0
Creole languages	72,125	32,310	39,820	10	0	5
Haitian Creole	3,030	1,445	1,590	5	5	0
Creole, n.o.s.	64,105	28,455	35,660	5	0	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	4,985	2,410	2,575	5	0	0
Dravidian languages	189,405	94,765	94,640	85	40	35
Kannada	3,970	2,040	1,935	10	5	5
Malayalam	28,570	14,770	13,800	10	5	5
Tamil	140,720	69,080	71,640	45	25	20
Telugu	15,655	8,640	7,020	20	10	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	490	240	250	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	795	395	405	0	5	0
Indo-European languages	3,877,330	1,889,400	1,987,930	2,730	1,360	1,370
Albanian	26,890	13,610	13,285	20	10	15
Armenian	33,455	16,270	17,185	10	5	5
Balto-Slavic languages	701,975	323,640	378,340	695	335	360
Baltic languages	12,530	5,315	7,215	15	10	10
Latvian	5,455	2,350	3,105	0	0	0
Lithuanian	7,075	2,965	4,115	15	10	10
Slavic languages	689,450	318,325	371,115	675	325	350
Belarusan	810	385	430	0	0	0
Bosnian	12,210	6,035	6,180	35	20	20
Bulgarian	20,025	9,675	10,345	5	0	0
Croatian	48,200	23,540	24,665	30	10	20
Czech	22,290	10,525	11,765	15	5	10
Macedonian	16,775	8,050	8,725	0	0	0
Polish	181,710	82,435	99,275	60	30	30
Russian	188,255	85,400	102,855	375	190	185
Serbian	57,350	28,535	28,815	80	40	35
Serbo-Croatian	9,555	4,565	4,985	25	10	15
Slovak	17,580	8,075	9,510	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	9,790	4,415	5,370	5	0	0
Ukrainian	102,485	45,440	57,040	55	25	30
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	2,415	1,255	1,165	0	0	0
Celtic languages	2,690	1,335	1,360	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	1,090	540	550	0	0	0
Welsh	1,075	495	575	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	530	295	235	0	5	0
Germanic languages	538,765	258,410	280,350	645	305	340
Afrikaans	10,265	5,115	5,145	5	5	5
Danish	12,630	6,245	6,390	20	10	10
Dutch	99,020	48,200	50,820	235	120	110
Frisian	2,100	1,095	1,005	5	5	0
German	384,035	183,215	200,820	345	155	190
Icelandic	1,285	600	685	0	0	0
Norwegian	4,615	2,170	2,445	5	5	0
Swedish	6,840	3,015	3,825	15	5	15
Vlaams (Flemish)	3,895	1,730	2,165	5	0	0
Yiddish	13,555	6,750	6,800	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	525	280	240	0	0	0
Greek	106,525	53,350	53,170	30	20	10
Indo-Iranian languages	1,312,750	664,120	648,630	825	440	385
Indo-Aryan languages	1,064,760	538,530	526,235	480	260	220
Bengali	73,125	37,410	35,720	85	50	30
Gujarati	108,780	55,105	53,670	15	10	5
Hindi	110,640	55,880	54,765	105	50	50
Kashmiri	565	300	265	0	0	0
Konkani	3,330	1,625	1,710	5	0	0
Marathi	8,295	4,300	3,995	25	15	10
Nepali	18,275	9,230	9,045	140	70	70
Oriya (Odia)	1,055	560	495	5	0	5
Punjabi (Panjabi)	501,680	253,515	248,160	25	15	15
Sindhi	11,860	5,605	6,260	5	5	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	16,335	8,050	8,285	10	10	5
Urdu	210,815	106,960	103,860	65	40	30
Iranian languages	242,805	122,835	119,970	345	180	165
Kurdish	11,705	6,345	5,355	15	10	10
Pashto	16,910	8,760	8,145	20	10	10
Persian (Farsi)	214,200	107,725	106,470	310	165	145
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5,180	2,755	2,425	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,154,270	558,660	595,615	500	245	250
Catalan	865	440	425	0	0	0
Italian	375,635	184,415	191,220	60	35	25
Portuguese	221,540	106,630	114,910	70	35	40
Romanian	96,665	46,195	50,470	65	30	35
Spanish	458,850	220,605	238,245	305	155	150
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	720	380	340	0	0	0
Japanese	43,640	14,790	28,855	25	5	25
Kartvelian languages	1,715	910	805	0	0	0
Georgian	1,715	910	805	0	0	0
Korean	153,425	70,310	83,115	345	185	165
Mongolic languages	1,575	690	885	5	0	5
Mongolian	1,575	690	880	5	5	0
Niger-Congo languages	91,375	45,075	46,305	150	80	70
Akan (Twi)	13,455	6,490	6,970	5	5	0
Bamanankan	1,535	815	720	0	0	0
Edo	1,670	770	900	0	0	0
Ewe	1,760	950	805	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	2,825	1,495	1,335	0	0	0
Ga	920	445	470	5	5	5
Ganda	1,295	625	665	0	0	0
Igbo	4,235	2,265	1,970	5	5	0
Lingala	3,810	1,785	2,025	0	0	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	5,845	2,785	3,060	15	5	10
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5,250	2,355	2,895	10	5	5
Shona	3,180	1,520	1,665	0	0	0
Swahili	13,370	6,385	6,990	50	20	30
Wolof	3,990	2,170	1,820	5	0	0
Yoruba	9,085	4,785	4,300	10	5	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	19,135	9,435	9,695	40	30	15
Nilo-Saharan languages	5,870	3,025	2,845	0	0	0
Dinka	2,120	1,115	1,000	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	3,755	1,910	1,840	0	0	0
Sign languages	7,500	3,925	3,575	35	15	15
American Sign Language	2,685	1,320	1,360	10	5	10
Quebec Sign Language	695	340	355	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	4,120	2,265	1,860	20	15	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,269,215	589,570	679,645	1,290	645	645
Chinese languages	1,253,360	581,650	671,715	1,290	645	645
Cantonese	565,270	262,865	302,405	120	60	60
Hakka	10,910	4,900	6,015	10	10	5
Mandarin	592,040	274,630	317,410	1,020	520	505
Min Dong	1,230	580	650	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	31,795	14,450	17,350	10	5	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	12,915	5,780	7,140	55	25	30
Chinese, n.o.s.	38,580	18,165	20,410	65	35	30
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	610	275	335	10	0	5
Tibeto-Burman languages	15,850	7,925	7,935	0	0	0
Burmese	3,585	1,795	1,790	0	0	0
Karenic languages	4,705	2,355	2,350	0	0	0
Tibetan	6,165	3,080	3,080	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	1,400	695	705	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	22,010	8,870	13,145	20	5	15
Lao	12,670	6,145	6,525	0	0	0
Thai	9,255	2,690	6,565	20	10	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	80	35	55	0	0	0
Turkic languages	40,140	21,120	19,025	40	20	20
Azerbaijani	3,260	1,785	1,470	5	0	0
Turkish	32,815	17,375	15,440	25	15	10
Uyghur	1,035	510	525	0	0	0
Uzbek	1,715	855	865	5	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	1,315	590	720	5	5	5
Uralic languages	81,985	37,790	44,195	60	30	30
Estonian	5,445	2,325	3,115	5	0	0
Finnish	15,295	6,395	8,900	15	5	5
Hungarian	61,235	29,060	32,175	40	20	20
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	3,690	2,045	1,645	10	5	5
Multiple responses	818,635	398,325	420,305	1,305	595	705
English and French	165,320	80,460	84,860	825	365	455
English and non-official language	533,265	259,160	274,100	400	190	205
French and non-official language	86,150	42,170	43,985	40	20	20
English, French and non-official language	33,900	16,535	17,365	35	15	20
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085	100,940	49,100	51,840
Single responses	33,103,860	16,298,475	16,805,395	99,290	48,290	51,000
Official languages	29,106,670	14,383,020	14,723,645	95,470	46,340	49,130
English	22,162,865	10,966,135	11,196,730	91,505	44,500	47,010
French	6,943,800	3,416,890	3,526,910	3,970	1,845	2,125
Non-official languages	3,997,195	1,915,450	2,081,750	3,815	1,945	1,865
Aboriginal languages	118,470	59,720	58,750	25	15	10
Algonquian languages	75,080	37,825	37,260	20	10	10
Blackfoot	1,115	555	555	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	55,825	28,135	27,685	5	5	0
Atikamekw	5,465	2,825	2,640	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	8,590	4,195	4,395	0	0	0
Moose Cree	10	5	5	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,200	595	605	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	110	55	60	0	0	0
Plains Cree	1,350	665	685	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	20	5	15	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	330	140	190	0	0	0
Woods Cree	800	410	390	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	37,945	19,240	18,710	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	3,615	1,795	1,820	20	10	10
Malecite	55	30	30	20	10	10
Mi'kmaq	3,560	1,770	1,795	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	14,525	7,335	7,190	0	0	0
Algonquin	370	170	200	0	0	0
Ojibway	6,175	3,165	3,015	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	7,900	3,960	3,940	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	75	40	35	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10,265	5,125	5,135	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10,255	5,120	5,135	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Beaver	50	30	20	0	0	0
Carrier	245	115	130	0	0	0
Chilcotin	255	125	130	0	0	0
Dene	7,710	3,805	3,905	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	1,020	550	475	0	0	0
Gwich'in	45	25	25	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sekani	15	10	5	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	820	425	395	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	340	180	155	0	0	0
South Slavey	370	190	185	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	105	55	55	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	25	10	10	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	5	5	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	25	15	10	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	10	0	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Haida	10	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	29,490	14,995	14,495	5	5	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	165	75	90	0	0	0
Inuktitut	29,230	14,885	14,345	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	90	40	55	5	0	0
Iroquoian languages	285	135	155	0	0	0
Cayuga	10	0	5	0	0	0
Mohawk	255	115	140	0	0	0
Oneida	15	5	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kutenai	15	10	5	0	0	0
Michif	85	40	45	0	0	0
Salish languages	285	130	150	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	45	20	25	0	0	0
Lillooet	25	15	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	85	35	45	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	55	30	20	0	0	0
Squamish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Straits	20	10	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages	2,225	1,085	1,140	0	0	0
Dakota	255	140	120	0	0	0
Stoney	1,950	940	1,010	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Tlingit	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	410	210	190	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	315	155	155	0	0	0
Nisga'a	70	40	30	0	0	0
Tsimshian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	75	45	35	0	0	0
Haisla	20	10	15	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	235	110	125	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,878,725	1,855,730	2,022,995	3,790	1,935	1,855
Afro-Asiatic languages	307,755	153,275	154,480	725	365	355
Berber languages	8,105	4,215	3,895	0	0	0
Kabyle	5,490	2,855	2,640	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	2,620	1,365	1,260	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	27,095	12,455	14,640	0	0	0
Bilen	620	330	285	0	0	0
Oromo	3,410	1,700	1,710	0	0	0
Somali	22,895	10,340	12,555	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	185	85	95	0	0	0
Semitic languages	272,100	136,390	135,720	720	365	355
Amharic	12,780	6,010	6,770	15	10	10
Arabic	223,540	112,690	110,850	680	345	330
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10,510	5,090	5,425	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	3,445	1,695	1,750	0	0	0
Harari	735	335	400	0	0	0
Hebrew	8,560	4,425	4,135	25	15	15
Maltese	1,130	525	605	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10,205	5,040	5,170	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	1,200	585	620	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	440	215	230	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	115,210	53,500	61,710	170	90	80
Khmer (Cambodian)	10,880	4,940	5,945	5	5	5
Vietnamese	104,245	48,525	55,725	165	85	75
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	85	40	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	239,785	108,110	131,680	55	25	35
Bikol	290	140	155	0	0	0
Cebuano	7,210	3,325	3,880	5	0	0
Fijian	195	105	90	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	2,205	970	1,240	0	0	0
Ilocano	9,125	4,045	5,080	0	0	0
Malagasy	435	220	210	0	0	0
Malay	3,620	1,710	1,910	5	5	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,200	565	630	0	0	0
Pangasinan	240	110	135	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	213,790	96,235	117,555	40	15	20
Waray-Waray	310	135	170	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,160	545	620	0	0	0
Creole languages	27,860	12,005	15,850	0	0	5
Haitian Creole	1,280	575	705	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	24,575	10,510	14,060	5	0	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	2,005	920	1,085	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	122,490	59,780	62,710	35	20	15
Kannada	1,630	825	800	0	0	5
Malayalam	15,440	7,865	7,575	0	0	0
Tamil	96,955	46,570	50,385	20	15	10
Telugu	8,280	4,430	3,850	10	5	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	190	85	105	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	340	160	180	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,911,215	927,225	983,985	1,395	715	685
Albanian	13,135	6,575	6,560	15	10	5
Armenian	21,505	10,165	11,345	10	0	5
Balto-Slavic languages	314,965	149,315	165,650	450	230	225
Baltic languages	3,275	1,400	1,870	10	5	5
Latvian	1,255	530	725	0	0	0
Lithuanian	2,020	870	1,150	10	10	5
Slavic languages	311,690	147,910	163,780	440	225	215
Belarusan	230	105	120	0	0	0
Bosnian	6,045	3,010	3,040	20	10	10
Bulgarian	11,985	5,835	6,150	0	0	0
Croatian	16,775	7,980	8,795	15	5	10
Czech	6,235	3,060	3,180	0	5	0
Macedonian	6,830	3,250	3,580	0	0	0
Polish	74,780	34,910	39,870	10	5	10
Russian	116,595	55,175	61,425	295	145	145
Serbian	31,750	15,665	16,085	60	35	30
Serbo-Croatian	3,885	1,865	2,020	10	5	5
Slovak	5,615	2,685	2,920	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	2,050	905	1,145	0	0	0
Ukrainian	28,250	13,150	15,100	30	15	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	670	310	360	0	0	0
Celtic languages	360	205	155	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	185	105	80	0	0	0
Welsh	95	50	45	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	80	50	30	0	0	0
Germanic languages	146,455	71,835	74,615	110	55	50
Afrikaans	4,790	2,355	2,435	0	0	0
Danish	855	410	445	0	0	0
Dutch	9,565	4,630	4,935	40	20	15
Frisian	185	95	90	0	0	0
German	120,335	58,905	61,435	65	30	30
Icelandic	270	120	150	0	0	0
Norwegian	345	145	200	0	0	0
Swedish	1,045	500	545	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	355	170	185	0	0	5
Yiddish	7,080	3,695	3,385	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	1,625	820	810	0	0	0
Greek	44,545	21,110	23,440	5	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages	838,755	416,960	421,795	570	300	270
Indo-Aryan languages	676,185	337,440	338,745	305	155	150
Bengali	47,350	23,585	23,765	55	30	20
Gujarati	64,150	31,740	32,405	10	10	10
Hindi	55,510	27,805	27,710	65	35	30
Kashmiri	135	70	70	0	0	0
Konkani	720	355	370	0	0	0
Marathi	3,780	1,940	1,840	10	5	5
Nepali	13,375	6,710	6,670	105	45	55
Oriya (Odia)	470	235	240	5	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	349,145	174,905	174,240	5	0	5
Sindhi	4,975	2,280	2,695	5	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	7,790	3,860	3,925	5	0	0
Urdu	128,785	63,965	64,820	35	20	15
Iranian languages	160,195	78,310	81,880	270	140	125
Kurdish	6,580	3,400	3,175	10	5	5
Pashto	10,590	5,305	5,290	5	5	0
Persian (Farsi)	143,020	69,600	73,425	260	135	120
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	2,375	1,215	1,160	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	531,485	251,050	280,440	235	120	115
Catalan	355	165	190	0	0	0
Italian	115,415	49,975	65,440	10	5	5
Portuguese	98,710	46,915	51,795	30	15	15
Romanian	53,320	25,795	27,525	35	10	20
Spanish	263,510	128,110	135,400	155	80	75
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	180	85	95	0	0	0
Japanese	19,785	8,265	11,515	5	5	0
Kartvelian languages	1,040	565	475	0	0	0
Georgian	1,035	565	475	0	0	0
Korean	109,705	51,385	58,320	270	145	125
Mongolic languages	910	440	470	0	0	0
Mongolian	910	435	470	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	28,665	13,340	15,320	65	25	40
Akan (Twi)	5,990	2,695	3,295	0	0	0
Bamanankan	340	180	160	5	0	0
Edo	415	175	240	0	0	0
Ewe	410	185	225	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	825	400	425	0	0	0
Ga	250	105	140	0	0	0
Ganda	345	160	185	0	0	0
Igbo	1,000	485	510	0	0	0
Lingala	1,045	455	590	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	2,110	990	1,115	5	5	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	1,530	670	865	5	5	0
Shona	1,035	475	560	0	0	0
Swahili	5,370	2,500	2,870	30	10	20
Wolof	1,380	745	635	0	0	0
Yoruba	2,615	1,275	1,340	5	0	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	4,010	1,850	2,160	15	10	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	2,650	1,305	1,350	0	0	0
Dinka	1,130	580	550	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	1,525	730	800	0	0	0
Sign languages	10,445	5,870	4,570	45	25	15
American Sign Language	3,015	1,560	1,460	15	10	10
Quebec Sign Language	730	375	355	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	6,690	3,935	2,755	30	20	15
Sino-Tibetan languages	924,720	433,530	491,190	1,000	510	485
Chinese languages	913,365	427,860	485,505	1,000	510	490
Cantonese	400,215	184,340	215,885	65	30	30
Hakka	4,080	1,820	2,265	0	0	0
Mandarin	462,890	220,075	242,815	850	440	405
Min Dong	345	150	195	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	13,965	6,345	7,625	0	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	7,650	3,580	4,075	35	20	20
Chinese, n.o.s.	23,935	11,440	12,500	45	20	25
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	280	130	150	10	0	5
Tibeto-Burman languages	11,350	5,670	5,680	0	0	0
Burmese	2,245	1,115	1,125	0	0	0
Karenic languages	3,865	1,935	1,930	0	0	0
Tibetan	4,590	2,305	2,280	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	655	305	345	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	9,565	4,455	5,110	5	5	0
Lao	6,175	2,995	3,180	0	0	0
Thai	3,360	1,450	1,915	5	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	30	15	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages	22,250	11,205	11,045	5	0	0
Azerbaijani	1,245	640	610	0	0	0
Turkish	18,955	9,525	9,430	0	5	5
Uyghur	610	315	290	0	0	0
Uzbek	990	505	490	0	5	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	455	230	225	5	0	0
Uralic languages	23,245	10,715	12,535	15	10	10
Estonian	975	365	610	0	0	0
Finnish	2,790	1,220	1,565	5	5	5
Hungarian	19,485	9,125	10,355	10	5	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	1,110	605	500	0	5	0
Multiple responses	1,663,390	802,695	860,690	1,650	810	840
English and French	160,185	77,940	82,235	585	275	305
English and non-official language	1,284,975	620,375	664,600	1,000	505	495
French and non-official language	148,915	70,915	78,000	20	10	10
English, French and non-official language	69,315	33,465	35,850	55	25	35
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	34,767,255	17,101,165	17,666,080	100,940	49,105	51,840
None	29,615,245	14,612,175	15,003,065	91,585	44,840	46,745
English	2,109,340	1,045,215	1,064,120	3,420	1,635	1,780
French	731,095	342,245	388,855	3,900	1,680	2,220
Non-official language	2,151,690	1,023,940	1,127,750	1,865	865	995
Aboriginal	90,740	42,890	47,850	165	65	100
Non-Aboriginal	2,060,945	981,055	1,079,895	1,700	805	895
English and French	47,970	23,785	24,190	40	20	20
English and non-official language	61,075	30,045	31,030	45	25	25
French and non-official language	48,755	22,690	26,065	75	35	40
English, French and non-official language	2,080	1,075	1,010	5	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,355	83,740	40,515	43,225
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,190	79,585	38,450	41,135
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,204	40,782	28,860	34,929	41,572	29,306
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175	79,620	38,455	41,165
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,866	35,933	26,621	31,181	36,359	26,771
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	24,583,315	12,296,595	12,286,725	72,695	35,950	36,750
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,762	39,925	26,613	32,815	39,834	26,741
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	19,743,240	8,755,815	10,987,430	54,445	22,820	31,625
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,453	4,199	6,136	5,931	6,379	5,658
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	20,428,685	10,547,760	9,880,925	59,855	30,455	29,405
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,684	39,836	28,474	32,862	38,562	27,944
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	83,725	40,525	43,205
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,489,395	13,441,555	14,047,845	79,600	38,375	41,225
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,487	56,740	38,632	43,200	50,225	36,659
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,500,230	13,446,230	14,053,995	79,630	38,380	41,245
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,977	45,404	32,828	35,974	41,108	31,197
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	24,584,065	12,295,015	12,289,055	72,640	35,975	36,665
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,885	56,803	36,962	41,702	48,795	34,742
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	19,742,130	8,752,070	10,990,060	54,540	22,845	31,695
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,738	7,345	8,050	7,510	7,537	7,490
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	20,428,670	10,542,540	9,886,130	59,845	30,340	29,505
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,057	54,369	37,193	40,947	46,962	34,761
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	83,730	40,525	43,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	9,367,045	5,231,015	4,136,035	30,900	16,460	14,440
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	53,431	59,326	47,420	49,714	55,512	44,946
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	65,997	74,289	55,510	57,494	63,682	50,439
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	88.3	91.6	83.7	88.3	91.2	84.5
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	72.0	75.2	67.7	71.4	74.0	68.1
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	11.7	8.4	16.3	11.7	8.8	15.5
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360	83,740	40,515	43,225
Without total income	1,154,450	546,285	608,165	4,155	2,065	2,090
With total income	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,195	79,585	38,450	41,135
Percentage with total income	96.0	96.1	95.8	95.0	94.9	95.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,877,620	1,668,960	2,208,655	10,735	4,640	6,095
$10,000 to $19,999	4,680,380	1,867,600	2,812,785	12,800	4,780	8,025
$20,000 to $29,999	3,807,840	1,593,335	2,214,505	11,460	4,620	6,840
$30,000 to $39,999	3,206,175	1,472,670	1,733,510	9,835	4,485	5,350
$40,000 to $49,999	2,827,045	1,376,565	1,450,480	8,895	4,250	4,645
$50,000 to $59,999	2,179,775	1,145,685	1,034,090	6,850	3,730	3,120
$60,000 to $69,999	1,655,070	938,755	716,310	5,240	3,130	2,110
$70,000 to $79,999	1,271,850	745,830	526,015	4,140	2,350	1,790
$80,000 to $89,999	966,885	579,290	387,590	2,850	1,650	1,200
$90,000 to $99,999	749,290	452,240	297,050	1,755	1,120	635
$100,000 and over	2,266,600	1,603,400	663,195	5,035	3,695	1,335
$100,000 to $149,999	1,493,570	1,024,210	469,365	3,575	2,590	985
$150,000 and over	773,025	579,190	193,830	1,460	1,110	350
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360	83,740	40,520	43,225
Without after-tax income	1,143,795	541,620	602,175	4,120	2,065	2,055
With after-tax income	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175	79,620	38,455	41,165
Percentage with after-tax income	96.0	96.1	95.9	95.1	94.9	95.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,004,475	1,706,825	2,297,645	11,230	4,715	6,515
$10,000 to $19,999	4,905,055	1,972,920	2,932,130	13,560	5,120	8,435
$20,000 to $29,999	4,489,925	1,926,175	2,563,755	13,555	5,675	7,880
$30,000 to $39,999	3,924,960	1,870,705	2,054,250	12,320	5,770	6,555
$40,000 to $49,999	3,144,200	1,619,670	1,524,525	9,950	5,200	4,750
$50,000 to $59,999	2,209,280	1,245,570	963,705	7,015	4,185	2,825
$60,000 to $69,999	1,540,300	912,230	628,065	4,805	2,710	2,095
$70,000 to $79,999	1,076,180	654,570	421,610	2,580	1,675	905
$80,000 and over	2,204,820	1,540,335	664,485	4,605	3,405	1,205
$80,000 to $89,999	688,705	444,550	244,145	1,580	1,135	445
$90,000 to $99,999	420,975	291,090	129,885	905	675	230
$100,000 and over	1,095,140	804,690	290,445	2,125	1,600	525
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	28,642,980	13,990,625	14,652,360	83,740	40,520	43,225
Without employment income	8,214,295	3,442,860	4,771,430	23,885	10,065	13,825
With employment income	20,428,690	10,547,760	9,880,925	59,855	30,450	29,405
Percentage with employment income	71.3	75.4	67.4	71.5	75.1	68.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,778,990	1,357,430	1,421,560	7,235	3,390	3,850
$5,000 to $9,999	1,602,140	697,025	905,120	5,020	2,210	2,810
$10,000 to $19,999	2,736,010	1,212,855	1,523,155	8,290	3,675	4,620
$20,000 to $29,999	2,293,785	1,022,090	1,271,695	7,515	3,380	4,135
$30,000 to $39,999	2,149,860	1,001,065	1,148,795	6,445	3,055	3,385
$40,000 to $49,999	1,928,565	946,625	981,940	6,230	2,980	3,250
$50,000 to $59,999	1,554,100	839,045	715,055	4,770	2,715	2,055
$60,000 to $69,999	1,220,310	708,270	512,040	3,830	2,280	1,555
$70,000 to $79,999	992,170	591,945	400,225	3,235	1,745	1,495
$80,000 and over	3,172,770	2,171,415	1,001,355	7,275	5,020	2,250
$80,000 to $89,999	773,755	475,700	298,055	2,165	1,285	880
$90,000 to $99,999	623,980	382,330	241,650	1,355	870	485
$100,000 and over	1,775,030	1,313,385	461,645	3,755	2,865	890
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	14,072,080	...	...	42,775	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	70,336	...	...	66,877	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	61,348	...	...	58,221	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	3,969,790	...	...	11,450	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,174	...	...	34,724	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,446	...	...	31,067	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	10,102,290	...	...	31,325	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	88,249	...	...	82,024	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	76,419	...	...	70,980	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	14,072,075	...	...	42,770	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	92,764	...	...	80,397	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	76,171	...	...	66,974	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	3,967,765	...	...	11,465	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	46,799	...	...	41,880	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,685	...	...	35,309	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	10,104,315	...	...	31,305	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	110,813	...	...	94,504	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	90,890	...	...	78,571	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	14,072,075	...	...	42,775	...	...
Under $5,000	228,790	...	...	690	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	200,315	...	...	930	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	374,575	...	...	865	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	565,940	...	...	1,685	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	602,800	...	...	1,815	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	538,710	...	...	1,820	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	603,480	...	...	1,960	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	606,600	...	...	1,950	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	596,110	...	...	1,935	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	578,325	...	...	1,890	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,097,345	...	...	3,510	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,010,415	...	...	3,380	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	924,320	...	...	3,030	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	836,765	...	...	2,780	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	745,655	...	...	2,285	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,561,920	...	...	12,240	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,470,255	...	...	4,555	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,016,245	...	...	3,015	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,116,140	...	...	2,910	...	...
$200,000 and over	959,285	...	...	1,755	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	14,072,075	...	...	42,770	...	...
Under $5,000	243,780	...	...	715	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	203,865	...	...	940	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	380,680	...	...	885	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	591,660	...	...	1,775	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	673,740	...	...	2,105	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	628,225	...	...	2,045	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	719,825	...	...	2,335	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	725,675	...	...	2,415	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	711,180	...	...	2,355	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	691,695	...	...	2,310	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,299,680	...	...	4,225	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,169,515	...	...	3,935	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,041,635	...	...	3,300	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	900,055	...	...	2,945	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	757,295	...	...	2,335	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,333,575	...	...	8,155	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,371,945	...	...	4,080	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	809,540	...	...	2,050	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,152,090	...	...	2,030	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	9,688,845	...	...	29,640	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	88,306	...	...	83,278	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,372	...	...	71,733	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	3,706,220	...	...	12,885	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,976	...	...	78,937	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,309	...	...	68,139	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	4,222,140	...	...	11,935	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	113,465	...	...	106,231	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,608	...	...	89,595	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,481,410	...	...	4,150	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,193	...	...	45,227	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,856	...	...	42,517	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	9,689,855	...	...	29,645	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	111,235	...	...	95,716	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	91,040	...	...	79,344	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	3,706,400	...	...	12,895	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	101,086	...	...	90,832	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,296	...	...	75,204	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	4,225,855	...	...	11,915	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	137,094	...	...	117,397	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	111,307	...	...	96,199	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,477,190	...	...	4,155	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	65,549	...	...	51,756	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,687	...	...	45,851	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	5,313,545	2,608,845	2,704,705	16,330	7,730	8,600
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	31,890	34,483	29,801	29,399	30,103	28,740
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	28,959	30,746	27,495	26,948	27,281	26,641
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	5,299,050	2,596,985	2,702,070	16,245	7,640	8,605
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	42,939	46,085	39,915	37,012	37,782	36,328
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	35,801	37,724	33,952	31,545	31,757	31,358
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	34,460,065	16,971,550	17,488,515	100,370	48,875	51,490
In the bottom half of the distribution	17,229,835	8,256,970	8,972,865	53,130	25,365	27,770
In the bottom decile	3,445,950	1,672,900	1,773,050	11,780	5,680	6,095
In the second decile	3,445,660	1,564,965	1,880,700	10,325	4,670	5,650
In the third decile	3,446,165	1,641,930	1,804,235	10,210	4,905	5,300
In the fourth decile	3,445,850	1,677,120	1,768,730	10,300	4,985	5,315
In the fifth decile	3,446,210	1,700,060	1,746,150	10,530	5,120	5,405
In the top half of the distribution	17,230,230	8,714,580	8,515,650	47,240	23,510	23,725
In the sixth decile	3,445,695	1,716,510	1,729,185	10,980	5,415	5,565
In the seventh decile	3,446,470	1,730,975	1,715,500	10,620	5,305	5,320
In the eighth decile	3,445,940	1,741,640	1,704,300	10,165	5,005	5,160
In the ninth decile	3,446,045	1,751,850	1,694,195	8,925	4,480	4,445
In the top decile	3,446,080	1,773,600	1,672,475	6,545	3,305	3,240
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	33,968,295	16,724,265	17,244,035	98,845	48,140	50,705
0 to 17 years	6,836,380	3,504,250	3,332,125	19,485	9,855	9,625
0 to 5 years	2,228,770	1,142,505	1,086,270	6,370	3,205	3,160
18 to 64 years	21,695,090	10,690,090	11,005,005	63,695	30,990	32,705
65 years and over	5,436,830	2,529,930	2,906,905	15,665	7,290	8,370
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	4,809,940	2,243,200	2,566,740	15,295	7,060	8,235
0 to 17 years	1,163,830	597,570	566,255	4,015	2,055	1,960
0 to 5 years	396,095	203,055	193,030	1,430	725	705
18 to 64 years	2,855,290	1,341,590	1,513,700	9,190	4,240	4,950
65 years and over	790,825	304,040	486,780	2,090	770	1,320
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.2	13.4	14.9	15.5	14.7	16.2
0 to 17 years (%)	17.0	17.1	17.0	20.6	20.9	20.4
0 to 5 years (%)	17.8	17.8	17.8	22.4	22.6	22.3
18 to 64 years (%)	13.2	12.5	13.8	14.4	13.7	15.1
65 years and over (%)	14.5	12.0	16.7	13.3	10.6	15.8
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	3,128,995	1,519,370	1,609,630	8,590	4,215	4,375
0 to 17 years	696,025	357,255	338,770	2,020	1,050	975
0 to 5 years	236,435	121,170	115,260	725	370	355
18 to 64 years	2,157,745	1,057,585	1,100,160	6,260	3,050	3,210
65 years and over	275,225	104,525	170,695	305	115	190
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	9.2	9.1	9.3	8.7	8.8	8.6
0 to 17 years (%)	10.2	10.2	10.2	10.4	10.7	10.1
0 to 5 years (%)	10.6	10.6	10.6	11.4	11.5	11.2
18 to 64 years (%)	9.9	9.9	10.0	9.8	9.8	9.8
65 years and over (%)	5.1	4.1	5.9	1.9	1.6	2.3
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	100,370	48,875	51,490
Official languages	33,818,210	16,709,290	17,108,920	99,700	48,570	51,130
English	29,748,265	14,806,270	14,941,995	99,350	48,360	50,990
French	10,242,945	4,952,455	5,290,495	22,010	9,750	12,260
Non-official languages	9,369,280	4,488,185	4,881,090	8,830	4,375	4,455
Aboriginal languages	263,845	127,550	136,295	360	150	205
Algonquian languages	177,570	85,505	92,065	335	150	180
Blackfoot	5,645	2,695	2,950	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	116,585	56,515	60,070	0	0	10
Atikamekw	6,640	3,335	3,305	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	11,440	5,500	5,945	0	0	0
Moose Cree	195	80	115	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,465	710	755	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	545	225	320	0	0	0
Plains Cree	5,905	2,705	3,200	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	40	30	10	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	2,345	995	1,350	0	0	10
Woods Cree	2,665	1,230	1,435	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	86,115	42,080	44,035	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	9,765	4,710	5,050	325	150	175
Malecite	755	370	390	240	105	130
Mi'kmaq	9,025	4,350	4,670	90	35	50
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	46,685	22,100	24,585	0	10	0
Algonquin	2,480	1,165	1,315	0	0	0
Ojibway	28,585	13,365	15,220	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	15,610	7,575	8,030	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	205	105	105	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	120	60	60	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	23,655	11,340	12,320	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	23,570	11,300	12,265	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	210	105	100	0	0	0
Beaver	340	180	165	0	0	0
Carrier	2,105	955	1,145	0	0	0
Chilcotin	1,150	535	610	0	0	0
Dene	13,060	6,270	6,790	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	2,375	1,210	1,165	0	0	0
Gwich'in	360	165	200	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	150	60	90	0	0	0
Sekani	185	85	100	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	2,815	1,340	1,475	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	1,010	475	530	0	0	0
South Slavey	1,365	660	710	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	680	320	360	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	630	340	285	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	365	205	170	0	0	0
Tahltan	270	140	130	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	420	160	260	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	285	115	170	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	145	50	95	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	85	35	50	0	0	0
Haida	465	205	260	0	0	0
Inuit languages	42,980	21,355	21,630	15	0	20
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,975	895	1,080	0	0	0
Inuktitut	40,620	20,280	20,340	15	0	15
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	470	225	240	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	2,800	1,240	1,555	10	0	10
Cayuga	125	40	85	0	0	0
Mohawk	2,415	1,120	1,295	10	0	10
Oneida	180	60	125	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	115	45	75	0	0	0
Kutenai	175	95	80	0	0	0
Michif	1,210	585	625	0	0	0
Salish languages	5,750	2,730	3,015	0	0	0
Comox	185	75	110	0	0	0
Halkomelem	1,060	475	585	0	0	0
Lillooet	790	405	385	0	0	0
Okanagan	820	370	450	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	1,305	640	665	0	0	0
Squamish	285	125	155	0	0	0
Straits	360	160	200	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	450	220	235	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	565	295	270	0	0	0
Siouan languages	5,430	2,665	2,770	0	0	0
Dakota	1,760	870	890	0	0	0
Stoney	3,675	1,805	1,875	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	140	70	70	0	0	0
Tlingit	260	140	120	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	2,730	1,350	1,380	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	1,305	645	660	0	0	0
Nisga'a	1,060	545	515	0	0	0
Tsimshian	410	180	235	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	1,490	680	805	0	0	0
Haisla	175	65	110	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	125	50	75	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	605	285	320	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	565	265	300	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	30	20	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	665	310	360	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	9,107,075	4,361,420	4,745,660	8,485	4,225	4,260
Afro-Asiatic languages	837,355	432,560	404,795	1,470	740	730
Berber languages	29,460	15,745	13,715	0	0	0
Kabyle	17,120	9,100	8,015	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	12,505	6,735	5,775	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	57,125	26,870	30,250	0	0	0
Bilen	1,085	625	470	0	0	0
Oromo	6,245	3,070	3,175	0	0	0
Somali	49,665	23,070	26,590	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	480	220	265	0	0	0
Semitic languages	771,130	400,780	370,350	1,470	740	730
Amharic	33,670	16,675	16,995	55	30	20
Arabic	629,055	329,235	299,820	1,215	610	605
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	19,745	9,720	10,020	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	7,115	3,505	3,610	0	0	0
Harari	1,710	855	860	0	0	0
Hebrew	75,020	38,730	36,290	200	95	105
Maltese	7,625	3,760	3,870	0	10	0
Tigrigna	21,340	10,640	10,705	0	10	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	3,220	1,655	1,565	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	2,775	1,440	1,335	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	224,865	105,845	119,020	285	155	130
Khmer (Cambodian)	27,035	12,640	14,400	0	0	0
Vietnamese	198,895	93,735	105,155	275	155	125
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	190	70	120	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	656,200	273,075	383,125	180	70	115
Bikol	2,075	885	1,190	0	0	0
Cebuano	27,045	10,960	16,085	10	0	0
Fijian	1,660	955	705	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	7,925	3,200	4,720	0	0	0
Ilocano	34,530	13,805	20,730	10	0	10
Malagasy	2,335	1,120	1,220	0	0	0
Malay	22,470	10,370	12,100	35	10	25
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5,425	2,445	2,980	0	0	0
Pangasinan	1,800	790	1,015	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	612,735	253,210	359,530	130	55	75
Waray-Waray	1,395	530	860	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5,585	2,540	3,040	0	0	0
Creole languages	155,615	70,545	85,070	15	10	0
Haitian Creole	6,850	3,140	3,710	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	133,045	59,890	73,160	15	10	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	16,635	7,955	8,675	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	250,180	126,220	123,960	155	75	75
Kannada	8,245	4,180	4,065	20	10	10
Malayalam	37,810	19,410	18,400	0	0	0
Tamil	189,860	94,640	95,220	95	55	45
Telugu	23,160	12,770	10,390	65	30	40
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	790	385	405	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	870	435	435	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5,158,010	2,506,455	2,651,555	4,375	2,125	2,250
Albanian	31,930	16,140	15,790	45	25	20
Armenian	41,295	19,980	21,315	45	15	25
Balto-Slavic languages	817,315	384,960	432,350	825	410	415
Baltic languages	14,675	6,470	8,205	15	10	10
Latvian	6,500	2,960	3,540	0	0	10
Lithuanian	8,185	3,510	4,675	15	10	0
Slavic languages	805,915	379,965	425,945	810	405	410
Belarusan	2,265	1,070	1,195	0	0	0
Bosnian	18,265	9,055	9,215	50	30	25
Bulgarian	22,425	10,920	11,505	25	0	20
Croatian	69,840	34,515	35,325	45	15	35
Czech	28,720	13,675	15,050	30	15	10
Macedonian	23,075	11,190	11,880	10	10	0
Polish	214,965	99,365	115,600	110	55	60
Russian	269,645	127,055	142,595	520	275	245
Serbian	73,775	37,040	36,740	40	30	15
Serbo-Croatian	11,275	5,525	5,750	10	0	10
Slovak	21,470	10,215	11,255	10	0	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	11,495	5,205	6,290	0	0	10
Ukrainian	132,115	58,820	73,300	85	25	55
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	3,000	1,590	1,405	0	0	0
Celtic languages	9,165	4,705	4,455	40	15	30
Scottish Gaelic	3,980	2,010	1,975	15	0	10
Welsh	1,690	830	860	10	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	3,590	1,915	1,680	20	10	10
Germanic languages	695,535	337,215	358,320	1,075	560	520
Afrikaans	23,410	11,795	11,610	10	10	0
Danish	15,745	7,320	8,425	30	10	20
Dutch	120,865	57,885	62,990	350	170	180
Frisian	2,910	1,515	1,395	0	0	0
German	502,730	245,745	256,985	705	375	330
Icelandic	1,780	830	945	0	0	0
Norwegian	8,120	3,860	4,260	20	10	10
Swedish	14,140	6,510	7,635	15	15	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	4,400	1,945	2,455	0	0	0
Yiddish	20,985	10,435	10,550	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	8,710	4,425	4,285	0	0	0
Greek	150,965	75,510	75,455	75	35	40
Indo-Iranian languages	1,658,220	840,850	817,365	1,035	530	505
Indo-Aryan languages	1,387,805	704,370	683,435	680	365	320
Bengali	91,220	46,935	44,285	95	70	25
Gujarati	149,045	74,765	74,285	30	10	10
Hindi	433,365	221,665	211,700	320	165	155
Kashmiri	905	490	420	0	0	0
Konkani	6,790	3,185	3,605	0	0	0
Marathi	15,570	8,200	7,365	15	10	10
Nepali	21,380	10,915	10,470	175	85	90
Oriya (Odia)	1,535	755	775	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	668,240	341,450	326,790	75	35	35
Sindhi	20,260	9,310	10,945	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	27,825	13,970	13,855	15	10	0
Urdu	322,220	164,685	157,535	110	60	55
Iranian languages	281,715	142,030	139,680	375	185	195
Kurdish	15,290	8,290	7,000	45	20	25
Pashto	23,180	12,465	10,715	35	20	10
Persian (Farsi)	252,320	126,565	125,755	300	145	155
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	8,875	4,715	4,155	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,897,630	898,530	999,100	1,430	635	795
Catalan	2,035	1,145	890	0	10	0
Italian	574,725	278,500	296,225	160	50	105
Portuguese	295,955	144,465	151,485	110	60	55
Romanian	115,050	55,275	59,770	40	15	20
Spanish	995,255	460,250	535,010	1,195	545	645
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	2,680	1,610	1,075	0	0	0
Japanese	83,090	36,760	46,335	100	35	65
Kartvelian languages	2,150	1,075	1,075	0	0	0
Georgian	2,150	1,080	1,070	0	0	0
Korean	172,755	80,170	92,590	435	225	205
Mongolic languages	2,090	960	1,130	10	10	0
Mongolian	2,090	960	1,130	10	10	0
Niger-Congo languages	177,215	88,135	89,080	290	180	105
Akan (Twi)	22,145	10,810	11,340	10	10	0
Bamanankan	3,190	1,660	1,530	0	0	0
Edo	3,220	1,510	1,705	10	0	0
Ewe	3,000	1,685	1,315	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	4,725	2,460	2,260	10	10	0
Ga	2,250	1,140	1,110	0	0	0
Ganda	2,495	1,175	1,320	10	0	0
Igbo	8,850	4,710	4,140	15	15	10
Lingala	17,010	7,865	9,145	15	10	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	8,590	4,075	4,515	45	25	20
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	7,860	3,600	4,260	25	15	0
Shona	5,425	2,530	2,905	0	0	0
Swahili	38,680	19,565	19,115	60	40	20
Wolof	8,240	4,455	3,785	0	0	0
Yoruba	22,420	11,475	10,940	40	30	15
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	40,760	20,375	20,385	110	60	50
Nilo-Saharan languages	7,015	3,520	3,495	0	0	0
Dinka	2,475	1,280	1,190	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	4,555	2,240	2,315	0	0	0
Sign languages	48,115	18,985	29,130	180	60	125
American Sign Language	21,930	7,780	14,155	70	20	55
Quebec Sign Language	4,665	1,665	3,005	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	22,275	9,835	12,440	110	45	65
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,430,440	672,100	758,340	1,330	715	615
Chinese languages	1,413,110	663,465	749,640	1,325	715	610
Cantonese	699,125	325,840	373,285	125	65	55
Hakka	12,445	5,555	6,890	0	0	0
Mandarin	814,450	377,635	436,815	1,150	635	515
Min Dong	1,045	440	600	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	42,840	19,005	23,835	35	10	25
Wu (Shanghainese)	16,530	7,490	9,040	70	40	40
Chinese, n.o.s.	41,690	19,995	21,690	60	35	25
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	590	250	340	30	10	20
Tibeto-Burman languages	18,270	9,100	9,175	10	0	0
Burmese	4,995	2,490	2,500	0	0	0
Karenic languages	4,895	2,425	2,475	0	0	0
Tibetan	7,050	3,555	3,490	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	2,375	1,160	1,220	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	30,400	13,210	17,195	40	10	30
Lao	17,235	8,240	8,990	0	0	0
Thai	15,390	5,875	9,520	35	0	25
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	115	50	65	0	0	0
Turkic languages	60,530	31,585	28,945	55	25	35
Azerbaijani	5,450	2,885	2,565	10	0	10
Turkish	50,775	26,605	24,165	50	20	30
Uyghur	1,385	685	700	0	0	0
Uzbek	2,465	1,230	1,235	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	1,870	905	965	0	0	0
Uralic languages	94,810	44,270	50,545	55	20	35
Estonian	6,070	2,750	3,315	0	10	0
Finnish	17,595	7,540	10,050	10	0	10
Hungarian	71,285	34,005	37,280	40	15	25
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	9,730	5,375	4,355	35	20	10
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490	100,365	48,875	51,490
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	32,034,590	15,799,495	16,235,090	95,570	46,400	49,175
Canadian citizens aged under 18	6,652,795	3,412,785	3,240,010	18,925	9,595	9,330
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	25,381,795	12,386,710	12,995,080	76,650	36,805	39,845
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	2,425,480	1,172,085	1,253,400	4,795	2,475	2,320
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	100,370	48,875	51,490
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	26,412,610	13,124,325	13,288,290	91,130	44,265	46,865
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330	8,250	3,990	4,260
Before 1981	1,941,510	927,795	1,013,715	2,250	1,070	1,180
1981 to 1990	915,555	439,245	476,310	615	305	310
1991 to 2000	1,486,655	696,720	789,940	835	395	440
2001 to 2010	1,985,035	940,570	1,044,465	1,925	935	990
2001 to 2005	928,935	439,890	489,050	645	295	355
2006 to 2010	1,056,095	500,680	555,415	1,275	640	635
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	1,212,075	582,175	629,895	2,625	1,290	1,340
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	506,625	260,755	245,870	985	615	365
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	7,540,830	3,586,500	3,954,335	8,255	3,990	4,260
Under 5 years	731,340	364,165	367,175	1,110	485	625
5 to 14 years	1,311,810	665,870	645,945	1,790	830	960
15 to 24 years	1,604,430	724,430	880,005	1,415	675	740
25 to 44 years	3,198,920	1,513,970	1,684,950	3,245	1,605	1,635
45 years and over	694,320	318,060	376,260	695	395	300
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330	8,255	3,990	4,260
Americas	1,128,745	510,650	618,100	1,470	695	770
Brazil	29,320	13,235	16,080	10	0	10
Colombia	70,035	32,065	37,965	35	25	10
El Salvador	48,080	23,865	24,215	70	45	25
Guyana	87,685	38,940	48,745	15	0	15
Haiti	93,480	40,955	52,525	10	0	0
Jamaica	138,345	59,960	78,390	25	20	10
Mexico	80,585	37,530	43,055	25	15	10
Peru	29,615	12,950	16,665	10	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	65,040	29,325	35,710	25	20	0
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	253,715	113,505	140,215	1,080	490	585
Other places of birth in Americas	232,850	108,325	124,530	170	65	105
Europe	2,088,410	1,015,145	1,073,260	2,505	1,175	1,330
Bosnia and Herzegovina	36,135	18,050	18,085	70	30	35
Croatia	40,045	20,005	20,035	10	0	10
France	105,565	55,395	50,170	85	35	45
Germany	145,845	69,525	76,320	350	150	195
Greece	62,715	31,580	31,135	15	10	0
Hungary	36,820	17,945	18,875	30	10	20
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	28,325	14,355	13,970	20	10	15
Italy	236,640	118,595	118,040	20	10	10
Netherlands	88,475	45,185	43,295	250	135	115
Poland	146,465	66,450	80,020	55	20	35
Portugal	139,450	68,150	71,300	35	20	15
Romania	90,305	42,795	47,510	35	15	15
Russian Federation	78,685	34,265	44,420	60	35	20
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	33,320	16,325	17,000	15	10	10
Ukraine	73,030	33,360	39,665	130	55	80
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	499,115	243,225	255,890	1,070	530	540
Other places of birth in Europe	247,470	119,945	127,530	260	115	150
Africa	637,485	322,510	314,970	595	330	260
Algeria	64,620	33,920	30,705	15	10	0
Egypt	64,615	34,125	30,495	45	30	15
Ethiopia	32,790	15,980	16,810	45	20	20
Kenya	27,150	12,810	14,340	20	10	10
Morocco	69,655	36,120	33,535	20	15	10
Nigeria	42,430	21,830	20,600	75	35	40
Somalia	27,230	12,070	15,160	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	44,660	22,205	22,460	15	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	264,320	133,450	130,870	365	200	160
Asia	3,629,160	1,709,985	1,919,175	3,610	1,755	1,855
Afghanistan	51,955	26,030	25,930	10	0	10
Bangladesh	58,735	29,875	28,865	55	35	25
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	649,260	290,800	358,460	820	415	405
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	208,940	98,020	110,915	30	15	0
India	668,565	334,030	334,540	280	125	155
IranCensus data footnote 61	154,425	77,970	76,455	255	115	145
Iraq	68,485	34,785	33,705	50	25	30
Japan	27,240	7,955	19,285	20	10	15
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	123,305	57,170	66,140	410	225	185
Lebanon	88,745	47,295	41,450	175	95	80
Pakistan	202,260	103,225	99,035	75	35	40
Philippines	588,305	247,095	341,210	160	60	95
Sri Lanka	131,995	64,825	67,170	25	10	15
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	52,960	26,595	26,365	460	225	235
Taiwan	63,770	28,170	35,605	25	10	15
Viet Nam	169,250	78,000	91,250	255	130	125
Other places of birth in Asia	320,965	158,150	162,815	510	225	280
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	57,030	28,210	28,825	75	35	40
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	1,212,075	582,180	629,895	2,625	1,290	1,345
Americas	152,595	72,870	79,720	145	85	65
Brazil	8,500	4,000	4,490	10	0	0
Colombia	15,300	6,885	8,415	15	15	10
Cuba	5,370	2,545	2,820	0	0	0
Haiti	19,985	9,160	10,830	0	0	0
Jamaica	12,495	6,680	5,820	0	0	0
Mexico	18,660	9,090	9,575	10	10	0
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	33,060	16,480	16,580	65	35	30
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	6,425	2,990	3,435	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	32,790	15,040	17,750	50	25	25
Europe	140,030	70,995	69,035	265	140	120
France	24,150	13,000	11,150	10	10	0
Germany	6,300	3,255	3,045	20	20	0
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	5,660	3,540	2,120	0	0	0
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	5,900	2,735	3,165	10	10	0
Romania	7,610	3,330	4,280	0	0	0
Russian Federation	11,565	4,485	7,080	15	10	10
Ukraine	13,425	6,015	7,410	55	25	30
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	24,445	14,235	10,215	70	45	20
Other places of birth in Europe	40,970	20,405	20,570	75	35	40
Africa	162,800	81,545	81,245	260	130	125
Algeria	17,175	8,440	8,735	0	0	0
Cameroon	10,265	5,005	5,255	10	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	7,400	3,570	3,835	25	10	10
Côte d'Ivoire	6,240	3,030	3,210	0	0	0
Egypt	16,115	8,445	7,665	0	0	0
Eritrea	6,050	3,195	2,855	0	0	0
Ethiopia	7,510	3,625	3,890	40	25	20
Morocco	15,105	7,470	7,635	0	0	0
Nigeria	17,285	8,850	8,435	40	10	25
Somalia	5,335	2,600	2,730	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	5,765	2,935	2,830	0	0	0
Tunisia	6,700	3,475	3,230	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	41,855	20,905	20,950	145	85	65
Asia	748,700	352,095	396,610	1,955	930	1,025
Afghanistan	9,240	4,530	4,710	0	0	0
Bangladesh	12,900	6,445	6,460	10	10	10
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	129,020	57,745	71,270	465	235	235
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	4,975	2,090	2,880	0	10	0
India	147,190	75,145	72,045	60	25	35
IranCensus data footnote 61	42,070	20,580	21,490	135	70	65
Iraq	20,665	10,345	10,320	40	20	25
Israel	4,740	2,615	2,130	55	20	35
Japan	4,905	1,250	3,655	0	0	0
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	21,710	9,630	12,075	130	70	60
Lebanon	9,375	4,980	4,400	10	0	15
Nepal	7,505	3,780	3,715	40	10	30
Pakistan	41,480	20,530	20,945	25	10	15
Philippines	188,810	83,050	105,760	120	50	75
Saudi Arabia	5,465	2,820	2,640	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	11,495	5,190	6,305	0	0	0
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	29,945	15,245	14,700	445	210	230
Taiwan	4,310	1,685	2,625	0	0	0
Turkey	4,255	2,365	1,890	25	15	0
United Arab Emirates	6,135	3,220	2,910	0	0	0
Viet Nam	11,210	4,500	6,705	225	120	100
Other places of birth in Asia	31,320	14,345	16,970	155	60	95
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	7,955	4,670	3,280	0	0	0
Australia	4,965	2,950	2,010	0	0	0
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	2,990	1,720	1,270	0	10	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	34,460,060	16,971,575	17,488,485	100,370	48,875	51,495
First generationCensus data footnote 69	8,219,555	3,936,045	4,283,505	9,935	4,980	4,955
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	6,100,725	3,053,075	3,047,650	8,375	4,110	4,265
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	20,139,790	9,982,460	10,157,330	82,060	39,780	42,275
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	5,703,615	2,709,530	2,994,085	6,035	2,925	3,110
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	2,994,130	1,496,240	1,497,885	3,840	2,000	1,840
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	1,220,755	755,370	465,380	1,350	1,040	310
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	1,773,380	740,870	1,032,510	2,490	965	1,530
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	1,782,490	728,085	1,054,400	1,115	400	715
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	858,845	453,675	405,175	1,065	515	545
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	68,145	31,530	36,615	15	10	10
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	100,370	48,875	51,495
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	1,673,785	813,520	860,265	4,420	2,085	2,330
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	1,629,805	792,970	836,835	4,275	2,020	2,260
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	977,235	471,510	505,725	3,365	1,585	1,780
Métis	587,545	289,435	298,115	845	415	435
Inuk (Inuit)	65,030	32,030	32,995	60	25	40
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	21,310	10,165	11,145	55	35	25
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	22,670	10,385	12,290	80	35	50
Non-Aboriginal identity	32,786,280	16,158,060	16,628,225	95,950	46,790	49,160
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490	100,370	48,875	51,495
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	820,120	395,670	424,445	2,860	1,375	1,485
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	33,639,945	16,575,905	17,064,040	97,510	47,500	50,010
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,490	100,370	48,875	51,495
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	727,790	356,970	370,815	1,845	860	980
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	709,235	347,985	361,245	1,825	855	970
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	573,215	280,040	293,180	1,745	815	930
Métis single ancestry	91,255	45,740	45,515	70	35	30
Inuit single ancestry	44,765	22,210	22,555	10	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	18,555	8,985	9,565	15	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15,140	7,305	7,835	15	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	2,470	1,205	1,265	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	770	390	380	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	170	85	85	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	1,402,735	669,710	733,025	4,910	2,310	2,595
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	1,347,610	644,210	703,400	4,780	2,265	2,515
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	881,455	418,215	463,235	3,730	1,765	1,970
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	441,000	213,940	227,065	910	425	485
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25,155	12,045	13,105	135	75	60
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	55,125	25,505	29,625	130	50	85
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	49,325	22,740	26,585	105	45	60
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,470	1,655	1,815	25	10	20
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,005	940	1,065	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	325	170	160	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	32,329,545	15,944,900	16,384,645	93,620	45,705	47,915
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	100,370	48,875	51,495
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	7,674,580	3,725,090	3,949,495	6,560	3,335	3,225
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	1,924,635	977,690	946,945	960	510	455
Chinese	1,577,060	746,400	830,665	1,430	730	700
Black	1,198,540	580,070	618,475	1,230	595	635
Filipino	780,125	341,800	438,330	200	95	105
Latin American	447,325	215,460	231,860	360	210	145
Arab	523,235	276,425	246,810	920	465	455
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	313,260	148,880	164,385	350	165	185
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	264,305	133,475	130,825	340	175	165
Korean	188,710	89,110	99,600	430	230	200
Japanese	92,920	40,105	52,815	30	10	25
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	132,090	62,540	69,550	85	40	45
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	232,375	113,140	119,230	215	110	100
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	26,785,480	13,246,485	13,539,000	93,805	45,545	48,265
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	100,370	48,875	51,495
North American Aboriginal origins	2,130,520	1,026,675	1,103,840	6,745	3,170	3,580
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,525,570	731,410	794,155	5,625	2,630	2,995
Inuit	79,130	38,695	40,435	165	85	85
Métis	599,995	291,310	308,690	1,105	515	590
Other North American origins	11,628,535	5,745,695	5,882,835	45,370	22,125	23,245
Acadian	119,675	57,805	61,865	2,280	1,105	1,175
American	377,405	182,690	194,715	1,285	665	615
Canadian	11,135,965	5,501,595	5,634,370	43,435	21,170	22,265
New Brunswicker	1,490	800	685	25	10	15
Newfoundlander	22,215	11,420	10,800	85	40	45
Nova Scotian	3,700	1,770	1,930	10	0	10
Ontarian	3,925	1,980	1,945	0	0	0
Québécois	194,560	99,320	95,235	60	35	25
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	1,895	950	945	0	10	0
European origins	19,683,320	9,687,715	9,995,605	68,455	33,030	35,420
British Isles origins	11,211,850	5,474,735	5,737,115	57,615	27,710	29,905
Channel Islander	3,595	1,740	1,855	10	10	0
Cornish	1,975	995	975	25	10	15
English	6,320,085	3,069,515	3,250,570	31,590	15,270	16,325
Irish	4,627,000	2,195,620	2,431,385	26,480	12,335	14,140
Manx	6,125	3,090	3,040	20	15	10
Scottish	4,799,005	2,323,390	2,475,620	27,395	12,960	14,445
Welsh	474,805	226,600	248,210	2,785	1,310	1,480
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	644,695	307,090	337,610	2,500	1,140	1,355
French origins	4,680,820	2,283,480	2,397,340	17,480	8,385	9,095
Alsatian	2,800	1,300	1,495	0	0	0
Breton	11,845	5,765	6,080	0	0	0
Corsican	1,750	950	805	0	0	0
French	4,670,595	2,278,430	2,392,165	17,475	8,380	9,100
Western European origins (except French origins)	4,600,855	2,258,095	2,342,760	10,445	5,140	5,305
Austrian	207,050	100,775	106,275	190	125	65
Bavarian	940	485	455	0	0	0
Belgian	186,665	91,395	95,270	300	140	160
Dutch	1,111,655	546,565	565,090	3,905	1,875	2,030
Flemish	11,685	5,730	5,960	25	25	0
Frisian	4,590	2,395	2,195	10	0	0
German	3,322,405	1,626,785	1,695,615	6,650	3,225	3,420
Luxembourger	3,915	2,025	1,890	0	0	0
Swiss	155,120	76,935	78,185	215	125	90
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	3,365	1,645	1,720	0	10	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,201,320	579,005	622,315	2,050	875	1,175
Danish	207,470	100,660	106,810	770	325	450
Finnish	143,645	69,045	74,600	130	45	80
Icelandic	101,795	49,875	51,915	70	35	30
Norwegian	463,275	223,075	240,200	650	285	370
Swedish	349,645	163,545	186,095	360	145	215
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	52,780	26,965	25,820	165	90	80
Eastern European origins	3,431,245	1,666,740	1,764,505	2,830	1,355	1,470
Bulgarian	34,565	16,935	17,625	40	15	25
Byelorussian	20,710	10,190	10,515	25	15	10
Czech	104,580	51,555	53,030	95	40	60
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	40,715	19,235	21,480	40	20	25
Estonian	24,530	11,715	12,815	65	25	40
Hungarian	348,085	170,040	178,045	295	150	150
Latvian	30,725	14,920	15,805	40	20	20
Lithuanian	59,285	28,745	30,535	75	30	40
Moldovan	14,915	7,265	7,650	0	0	0
Polish	1,106,585	533,830	572,750	885	400	480
Romanian	238,050	114,705	123,345	125	65	60
Russian	622,445	297,600	324,850	605	270	340
Slovak	72,285	35,360	36,925	75	50	25
Ukrainian	1,359,655	663,560	696,095	860	460	405
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	20,415	9,895	10,520	25	15	15
Southern European origins	3,012,375	1,494,605	1,517,775	2,665	1,370	1,295
Albanian	36,185	18,385	17,800	70	35	40
Bosnian	26,740	13,320	13,420	75	45	35
Catalan	1,280	740	535	0	0	0
Croatian	133,970	67,825	66,140	50	15	35
Cypriot	5,650	2,850	2,795	0	0	10
Greek	271,410	137,405	134,005	240	125	115
Italian	1,587,965	794,525	793,445	1,365	675	695
Kosovar	2,865	1,470	1,395	0	0	0
Macedonian	43,110	21,650	21,460	30	25	0
Maltese	41,920	20,955	20,965	15	0	15
Montenegrin	4,160	2,180	1,985	10	0	0
Portuguese	482,605	239,360	243,250	345	170	170
Serbian	96,530	49,095	47,440	55	40	20
Sicilian	6,940	3,500	3,435	0	0	0
Slovenian	40,470	20,105	20,365	55	35	25
Spanish	396,460	184,520	211,945	485	265	220
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	38,480	18,620	19,860	30	10	15
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	2,170	1,030	1,135	0	0	0
Other European origins	226,695	115,110	111,580	480	240	240
Basque	6,965	3,690	3,275	0	0	0
Jewish	143,660	72,625	71,035	220	95	120
Roma (Gypsy)	4,630	2,195	2,440	10	0	10
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	4,870	2,560	2,310	10	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	67,890	34,730	33,160	245	135	105
Caribbean origins	749,155	349,810	399,345	320	135	185
Antiguan	4,500	2,115	2,385	0	0	0
Bahamian	3,675	1,915	1,760	0	10	0
Barbadian	37,780	17,745	20,035	0	0	0
Bermudan	3,075	1,435	1,640	35	10	25
Carib	3,030	1,175	1,860	0	0	0
Cuban	29,065	13,800	15,270	35	20	10
Dominican	23,130	11,000	12,125	0	10	10
Grenadian	17,915	7,835	10,080	15	0	10
Guadeloupean	1,125	515	605	0	0	0
Haitian	165,095	76,460	88,635	10	10	10
Jamaican	309,485	145,080	164,410	125	60	70
Kittitian/Nevisian	2,915	1,460	1,460	0	0	0
Martinican	2,010	900	1,110	0	0	0
Montserratan	930	460	470	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	3,405	1,645	1,765	35	15	20
St. Lucian	8,985	4,095	4,890	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	78,965	37,325	41,635	15	10	10
Vincentian/Grenadinian	17,420	7,475	9,945	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	70,270	31,625	38,645	25	10	15
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	26,830	12,520	14,310	55	20	35
Latin, Central and South American origins	674,640	325,210	349,430	540	300	235
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	22,725	10,875	11,850	10	15	0
Arawak	1,440	610	830	0	0	0
Argentinian	20,680	10,130	10,545	0	0	0
Belizean	1,755	915	845	0	0	10
Bolivian	5,055	2,480	2,580	10	0	0
Brazilian	36,830	17,380	19,455	10	10	0
Chilean	45,190	22,280	22,910	25	0	25
Colombian	96,325	45,590	50,735	55	25	25
Costa Rican	5,535	2,680	2,855	15	10	10
Ecuadorian	25,405	11,995	13,415	10	10	10
Guatemalan	26,275	13,360	12,915	45	20	25
Guyanese	84,275	39,530	44,745	25	15	15
Hispanic	11,055	5,380	5,670	0	0	0
Honduran	10,650	5,235	5,415	40	20	25
Maya	6,285	3,350	2,940	70	35	30
Mexican	128,485	62,890	65,595	130	75	55
Nicaraguan	13,705	6,650	7,055	10	10	0
Panamanian	4,700	2,210	2,495	0	0	0
Paraguayan	4,325	2,165	2,160	0	10	0
Peruvian	42,145	19,645	22,505	0	0	0
Salvadorean	66,220	32,960	33,255	65	45	20
Uruguayan	6,795	3,390	3,410	0	0	0
Venezuelan	26,345	12,220	14,125	15	10	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	28,455	13,930	14,525	30	20	15
African origins	1,067,930	539,805	528,120	1,300	655	640
Central and West African origins	230,110	118,040	112,070	220	125	95
Akan	1,955	1,090	870	0	0	0
Angolan	2,960	1,475	1,480	0	0	0
Ashanti	1,585	855	735	0	0	0
Beninese	4,995	2,670	2,320	0	0	0
Burkinabe	3,150	1,665	1,485	0	0	0
Cameroonian	24,615	12,390	12,230	0	0	0
Chadian	1,845	955	885	0	0	0
Congolese	38,365	18,925	19,440	45	25	20
Edo	1,945	1,095	855	0	0	0
Ewe	845	470	375	0	0	0
Gabonese	1,405	660	750	0	0	0
Gambian	975	495	475	0	0	0
Ghanaian	35,495	17,720	17,770	45	30	10
Guinean	7,240	3,785	3,455	25	10	10
Ibo	5,315	2,850	2,470	20	10	10
Ivorian	10,935	5,485	5,450	0	0	0
Liberian	2,485	1,130	1,360	45	20	20
Malian	4,490	2,280	2,210	0	0	0
Malinké	1,125	585	535	0	0	0
Nigerian	51,835	27,025	24,805	60	25	35
Peulh	2,435	1,270	1,170	0	0	0
Senegalese	10,175	5,500	4,670	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	2,620	1,330	1,295	0	0	0
Togolese	5,300	2,870	2,430	0	10	0
Wolof	840	495	345	0	0	0
Yoruba	9,585	5,075	4,515	25	15	10
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	15,380	7,940	7,445	10	0	10
North African origins	355,045	185,775	169,270	240	130	110
Algerian	67,335	34,755	32,580	15	10	15
Berber	37,060	19,685	17,375	0	0	0
Coptic	3,535	1,860	1,680	0	0	0
Dinka	900	500	400	0	0	0
Egyptian	99,140	51,730	47,410	65	45	20
Libyan	7,740	4,135	3,605	135	65	70
Maure	1,190	655	535	0	0	0
Moroccan	103,940	54,005	49,945	15	10	10
Sudanese	19,960	10,315	9,645	0	0	0
Tunisian	25,645	13,985	11,665	10	10	0
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	6,115	3,320	2,795	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	260,145	128,325	131,815	285	135	150
Afrikaner	1,870	955	915	0	0	0
Amhara	1,530	815	715	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	3,965	2,175	1,785	0	0	0
Burundian	10,990	5,405	5,580	40	20	15
Djiboutian	1,710	790	920	0	0	0
Eritrean	25,255	12,830	12,430	0	10	0
Ethiopian	44,065	21,680	22,385	65	35	30
Harari	665	355	305	0	0	0
Kenyan	10,915	5,230	5,685	0	0	0
Malagasy	4,500	2,175	2,325	0	0	0
Mauritian	9,325	4,655	4,665	0	0	0
Oromo	3,350	1,745	1,605	30	15	15
Rwandan	10,775	5,065	5,705	25	10	10
Seychellois	1,285	575	710	0	0	0
Somali	62,550	30,215	32,330	10	10	0
South African	41,375	20,575	20,800	45	15	30
Tanzanian	4,710	2,400	2,310	0	0	0
Tigrian	2,155	1,160	995	0	0	0
Ugandan	5,705	2,875	2,830	15	0	0
Zambian	1,860	935	920	20	10	15
Zimbabwean	8,090	3,975	4,110	0	0	0
Zulu	945	475	475	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	17,305	8,445	8,860	35	15	20
Other African origins	239,560	116,400	123,165	575	275	300
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	30,385	14,015	16,370	90	25	60
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	212,005	103,790	108,215	485	250	240
Asian origins	6,095,235	2,958,120	3,137,115	5,785	2,945	2,835
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,011,145	518,170	492,980	2,120	1,105	1,015
Afghan	83,995	42,320	41,675	10	0	10
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	111,400	58,930	52,475	125	55	70
Armenian	63,810	31,505	32,305	60	20	35
Assyrian	13,835	7,115	6,720	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	6,425	3,230	3,200	0	0	10
Georgian	4,775	2,430	2,345	10	0	10
Hazara	1,515	810	705	0	0	0
Iranian	210,405	106,565	103,840	335	160	175
Iraqi	70,925	35,965	34,955	55	25	35
Israeli	28,735	15,065	13,675	50	25	25
Jordanian	14,250	7,520	6,735	45	30	15
Kazakh	3,330	1,615	1,710	0	0	0
Kurd	16,315	8,810	7,515	35	20	10
Kuwaiti	2,235	1,185	1,055	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	1,060	510	550	0	0	0
Lebanese	219,555	112,970	106,590	765	410	355
Palestinian	44,820	23,900	20,920	0	0	0
Pashtun	4,810	2,565	2,245	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	6,810	3,935	2,880	35	25	10
Syrian	77,045	38,445	38,600	510	255	255
Tajik	2,905	1,410	1,495	0	0	0
Tatar	4,825	2,155	2,670	10	10	0
Turk	63,955	32,855	31,100	75	50	20
Turkmen	1,040	540	500	0	0	0
Uighur	1,555	775	785	0	0	0
Uzbek	3,920	1,920	2,000	25	20	10
Yemeni	6,645	3,335	3,305	10	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	25,280	13,180	12,100	0	10	0
South Asian origins	1,963,330	993,595	969,735	1,070	550	515
Bangladeshi	45,940	23,645	22,300	90	55	40
Bengali	22,900	11,730	11,180	20	20	0
Bhutanese	3,600	1,765	1,835	35	15	15
East Indian	1,374,710	694,990	679,720	675	330	345
Goan	6,070	2,915	3,155	0	0	0
Gujarati	8,350	4,305	4,050	0	0	0
Kashmiri	3,115	1,605	1,510	10	0	0
Nepali	17,140	8,715	8,420	145	70	75
Pakistani	215,555	110,420	105,140	75	50	30
Punjabi	118,400	61,155	57,240	10	10	0
Sinhalese	7,285	3,605	3,685	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	152,595	75,010	77,585	40	25	20
Tamil	48,670	24,845	23,825	25	10	10
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	76,400	38,815	37,585	20	10	10
East and Southeast Asian origins	3,163,360	1,467,205	1,696,155	2,640	1,325	1,320
Burmese	9,335	4,535	4,795	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	38,490	18,515	19,980	0	0	0
Chinese	1,769,195	836,150	933,045	1,560	780	780
Filipino	837,130	369,105	468,025	260	110	150
Hmong	805	420	390	0	0	0
Indonesian	21,390	9,950	11,440	10	0	10
Japanese	121,485	53,415	68,070	50	30	20
Karen	4,510	2,275	2,240	0	0	0
Korean	198,210	93,680	104,525	440	235	205
Laotian	24,580	12,190	12,390	0	0	0
Malaysian	16,920	7,735	9,185	25	15	10
Mongolian	7,480	3,560	3,915	40	30	10
Singaporean	2,850	1,325	1,520	0	0	0
Taiwanese	36,510	16,570	19,945	20	10	15
Thai	19,010	7,330	11,680	30	0	30
Tibetan	8,040	4,055	3,985	0	0	0
Vietnamese	240,615	115,935	124,680	295	155	140
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	6,500	3,150	3,355	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	22,745	11,280	11,460	10	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	22,740	11,280	11,460	10	10	10
Oceania origins	85,470	43,030	42,440	150	70	85
Australian	42,315	21,710	20,605	75	30	45
New Zealander	15,395	8,065	7,330	60	30	30
Pacific Islands origins	29,485	14,240	15,250	15	10	10
Fijian	19,375	9,280	10,090	0	0	0
Hawaiian	3,295	1,500	1,795	10	0	0
Maori	2,500	1,310	1,195	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	1,530	725	805	10	0	0
Samoan	1,100	625	475	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	2,335	1,145	1,185	10	10	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	14,072,075	...	...	42,770	...	...
Owner	9,541,320	...	...	30,380	...	...
Renter	4,474,530	...	...	11,960	...	...
Band housing	56,230	...	...	435	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	14,072,075	...	...	42,775	...	...
Condominium	1,874,840	...	...	1,810	...	...
Not condominium	12,197,240	...	...	40,970	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	14,072,080	...	...	42,770	...	...
No bedrooms	93,345	...	...	90	...	...
1 bedroom	1,925,015	...	...	3,480	...	...
2 bedrooms	3,547,090	...	...	11,475	...	...
3 bedrooms	4,836,485	...	...	15,700	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,670,145	...	...	12,020	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	14,072,075	...	...	42,770	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	4,068,915	...	...	9,275	...	...
5 rooms	2,177,045	...	...	6,965	...	...
6 rooms	1,981,585	...	...	6,515	...	...
7 rooms	1,790,180	...	...	5,620	...	...
8 or more rooms	4,054,355	...	...	14,400	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	6.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	14,072,080	...	...	42,770	...	...
One person or fewer per room	13,802,060	...	...	42,435	...	...
More than 1 person per room	270,020	...	...	335	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	14,072,075	...	...	42,770	...	...
Suitable	13,376,345	...	...	41,620	...	...
Not suitable	695,730	...	...	1,150	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	14,072,080	...	...	42,770	...	...
1960 or before	3,126,380	...	...	7,465	...	...
1961 to 1980	4,185,510	...	...	12,385	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,977,640	...	...	6,080	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,746,390	...	...	6,030	...	...
2001 to 2005	976,390	...	...	3,400	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,089,750	...	...	4,020	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	970,015	...	...	3,395	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	14,072,080	...	...	42,770	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	13,151,600	...	...	39,895	...	...
Major repairs needed	920,480	...	...	2,875	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	14,072,080	...	...	42,770	...	...
1 household maintainer	8,324,865	...	...	24,410	...	...
2 household maintainers	5,404,800	...	...	17,590	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	342,415	...	...	775	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	14,072,080	...	...	42,770	...	...
15 to 24 years	437,230	...	...	2,260	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,991,685	...	...	6,695	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,414,920	...	...	7,345	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,862,870	...	...	8,290	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,859,315	...	...	7,920	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,034,220	...	...	6,055	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,084,700	...	...	3,125	...	...
85 years and over	387,135	...	...	1,085	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	13,798,305	...	...	41,905	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	10,472,355	...	...	34,050	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,325,950	...	...	7,850	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,861,615	...	...	6,815	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	9,368,330	...	...	30,175	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	60.7	...	...	61.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	16.6	...	...	10.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,130	...	...	943	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,313	...	...	1,038	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	341,556	...	...	200,107	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	443,058	...	...	218,127	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,452,850	...	...	11,960	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	13.0	...	...	10.9	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	40.0	...	...	40.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	910	...	...	850	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,002	...	...	870	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,580	83,725	40,525	43,200
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,239,575	2,667,995	2,571,585	11,680	6,065	5,615
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	7,576,400	3,686,630	3,889,770	23,300	11,640	11,660
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,230	48,750	22,825	25,930
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,800,260	1,906,610	893,650	5,885	4,225	1,660
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,549,880	880,365	669,515	2,985	1,700	1,290
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	1,250,385	1,026,250	224,140	2,905	2,530	375
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,553,825	2,326,940	3,226,890	16,995	6,755	10,235
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	813,335	331,940	481,395	1,385	500	880
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,659,615	3,070,315	3,589,300	24,490	11,335	13,150
Bachelor's degree	4,443,835	1,967,905	2,475,935	16,500	7,355	9,145
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	462,295	203,725	258,570	1,220	530	690
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	190,925	102,530	88,395	510	275	235
Master's degree	1,331,045	651,510	679,535	5,020	2,350	2,675
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	231,510	144,640	86,870	1,245	830	415
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	54,810	26,495	28,315
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,169,790	1,200,110	969,685	4,040	2,370	1,670
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	4,494,585	2,247,020	2,247,565	13,535	6,940	6,595
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,267,005	5,821,425	6,445,580	37,230	17,180	20,050
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,042,430	1,377,775	664,650	4,020	2,910	1,115
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,145,035	639,785	505,250	2,020	1,125	890
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	897,390	737,990	159,405	2,000	1,775	220
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,241,985	1,786,065	2,455,920	12,975	5,295	7,675
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	580,885	240,040	340,850	955	370	585
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	5,401,705	2,417,555	2,984,155	19,280	8,610	10,670
Bachelor's degree	3,590,080	1,562,160	2,027,925	13,025	5,660	7,365
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	362,455	151,205	211,250	960	400	555
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	153,290	74,440	78,855	445	220	220
Master's degree	1,120,190	527,335	592,850	3,975	1,790	2,190
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	175,685	102,415	73,275	875	540	345
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	83,730	40,525	43,200
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	12,815,980	6,354,625	6,461,350	34,975	17,705	17,270
Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,800	4,385	1,180	3,205
13. Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,805	4,385	1,175	3,210
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	596,230	268,050	328,180	1,255	530	725
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	99,020	72,865	26,150	215	165	55
50. Visual and performing arts	497,210	195,185	302,025	1,040	370	670
Humanities	850,840	330,490	520,345	3,165	1,325	1,840
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	98,000	22,100	75,900	230	85	150
23. English language and literature/letters	178,590	52,785	125,810	805	245	555
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	275,525	104,135	171,390	760	250	515
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	4,160	1,640	2,520	20	0	20
38. Philosophy and religious studies	51,930	30,185	21,750	230	125	100
39. Theology and religious vocations	77,490	46,285	31,200	365	230	135
54. History	111,465	59,965	51,500	610	350	255
55. French language and literature/letters	53,680	13,400	40,290	150	35	115
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,761,900	586,455	1,175,445	5,585	1,845	3,740
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	24,685	5,660	19,025	55	10	45
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	182,275	68,030	114,245	450	195	260
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	324,660	26,065	298,595	755	50	710
22. Legal professions and studies	289,600	102,660	186,945	975	340	630
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	35,445	8,150	27,295	90	35	60
42. Psychology	281,470	71,230	210,230	1,260	330	935
45. Social sciences	623,775	304,660	319,110	2,000	890	1,110
Business, management and public administration	3,360,045	1,272,475	2,087,565	9,775	3,105	6,670
30.16 Accounting and computer science	6,190	1,850	4,340	25	0	20
44. Public administration and social service professions	237,835	48,815	189,015	885	170	720
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,116,025	1,221,805	1,894,215	8,865	2,930	5,935
Physical and life sciences and technologies	614,280	315,665	298,615	1,895	1,010	885
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	249,955	105,560	144,400	855	400	450
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	125,600	61,685	63,915	380	155	225
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	28,155	12,625	15,530	25	10	20
40. Physical sciences	179,305	122,815	56,485	560	415	150
41. Science technologies/technicians	31,270	12,980	18,290	70	35	40
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	651,480	420,370	231,110	2,520	1,715	805
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	514,685	356,435	158,250	2,220	1,590	630
25. Library science	40,820	6,495	34,320	155	30	125
27. Mathematics and statistics	86,655	50,930	35,725	140	90	45
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	9,325	6,510	2,815	0	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,327,405	3,022,700	304,700	9,400	8,665	735
04. Architecture and related services	114,315	72,880	41,435	130	90	40
14. Engineering	752,465	615,880	136,585	2,590	2,220	375
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	620,065	551,855	68,205	1,835	1,635	195
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	410	85	325	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	702,155	682,710	19,445	2,145	2,115	25
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	731,135	709,430	21,705	2,040	1,970	75
48. Precision production	406,855	389,850	17,005	665	635	30
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	339,050	219,040	120,010	1,075	825	250
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	205,930	127,925	78,005	350	230	125
03. Natural resources and conservation	133,120	91,115	42,005	725	590	130
Health and related fields	2,266,720	441,180	1,825,545	6,925	1,170	5,755
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	164,295	81,260	83,040	685	275	410
51. Health professions and related programs	2,047,680	329,010	1,718,670	6,055	780	5,275
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	54,740	30,910	23,830	185	115	70
Personal, protective and transportation services	995,825	507,200	488,630	2,765	1,450	1,315
12. Personal and culinary services	565,555	151,530	414,025	1,520	350	1,175
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	3,505	3,080	420	45	40	15
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	7,900	7,230	670	85	80	0
43. Security and protective services	206,745	150,540	56,205	645	530	115
49. Transportation and materials moving	212,125	194,810	17,315	465	450	15
Other	3,170	885	2,280	10	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	3,170	890	2,280	10	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	18,931,385	9,268,555	9,662,825	54,810	26,490	28,315
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	6,664,380	3,447,130	3,217,250	17,575	9,310	8,265
Education	727,515	160,315	567,205	2,995	755	2,245
13. Education	727,515	160,315	567,200	3,000	755	2,240
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	467,905	208,365	259,545	955	405	555
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	74,530	53,995	20,535	145	115	40
50. Visual and performing arts	393,375	154,370	239,005	805	290	515
Humanities	614,815	232,425	382,390	2,280	905	1,375
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	76,540	16,200	60,340	200	65	130
23. English language and literature/letters	133,800	38,310	95,485	550	150	405
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	191,005	71,770	119,235	570	185	390
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	3,140	1,250	1,895	20	0	15
38. Philosophy and religious studies	37,870	21,930	15,940	175	100	75
39. Theology and religious vocations	52,295	31,200	21,090	240	145	90
54. History	82,565	43,475	39,085	420	230	190
55. French language and literature/letters	37,600	8,285	29,315	100	25	75
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,417,625	453,100	964,525	4,415	1,350	3,065
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20,300	4,595	15,705	25	0	25
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	152,080	56,125	95,955	360	160	200
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	259,845	19,160	240,685	570	30	540
22. Legal professions and studies	241,170	76,720	164,445	805	230	575
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	27,310	6,390	20,920	65	25	45
42. Psychology	218,470	51,570	166,900	1,000	230	765
45. Social sciences	498,450	238,540	259,915	1,585	670	915
Business, management and public administration	2,696,770	1,000,895	1,695,875	7,700	2,440	5,265
30.16 Accounting and computer science	4,955	1,480	3,475	25	0	20
44. Public administration and social service professions	192,190	36,890	155,305	740	125	615
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,499,625	962,530	1,537,095	6,935	2,310	4,625
Physical and life sciences and technologies	449,870	222,120	227,755	1,390	690	700
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	195,830	79,945	115,880	655	275	375
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	89,205	42,265	46,945	250	100	150
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	9,280	3,850	5,430	20	10	15
40. Physical sciences	132,935	87,025	45,905	390	270	125
41. Science technologies/technicians	22,625	9,035	13,590	75	35	35
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	567,415	368,840	198,575	2,220	1,535	690
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	464,000	321,805	142,190	2,015	1,430	580
25. Library science	29,955	4,870	25,080	105	25	80
27. Mathematics and statistics	65,620	36,895	28,725	95	75	25
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	7,840	5,270	2,575	0	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,532,555	2,271,735	260,820	7,055	6,415	635
04. Architecture and related services	93,135	57,280	35,850	100	75	25
14. Engineering	612,265	490,980	121,285	2,010	1,680	330
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	475,045	418,595	56,450	1,390	1,210	185
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	350	70	275	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	515,630	499,670	15,960	1,605	1,585	25
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	540,800	523,425	17,375	1,485	1,420	60
48. Precision production	295,335	281,715	13,620	465	450	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	269,445	167,680	101,770	845	625	225
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	159,975	94,680	65,295	285	175	105
03. Natural resources and conservation	109,470	73,000	36,470	560	445	120
Health and related fields	1,749,545	342,395	1,407,145	5,230	955	4,275
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	129,560	63,315	66,245	490	205	290
51. Health professions and related programs	1,576,945	256,895	1,320,050	4,590	665	3,920
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	43,040	22,185	20,860	150	85	70
Personal, protective and transportation services	770,950	392,820	378,135	2,135	1,105	1,030
12. Personal and culinary services	431,415	114,395	317,025	1,200	280	920
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	2,725	2,355	375	45	35	10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	4,425	3,975	445	65	65	0
43. Security and protective services	162,995	116,750	46,240	480	390	90
49. Transportation and materials moving	169,400	155,340	14,050	340	335	10
Other	2,590	745	1,845	0	10	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	2,585	740	1,845	10	10	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,585	83,730	40,525	43,200
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,815,975	6,354,625	6,461,350	34,980	17,705	17,270
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,235	48,750	22,820	25,930
Location of study inside Canada	13,117,190	6,299,305	6,817,890	44,815	20,830	23,985
Same as province or territory of residence	11,519,215	5,503,640	6,015,575	34,445	15,925	18,520
Different than province or territory of residence	1,597,975	795,655	802,315	10,370	4,905	5,465
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	2,709,850	1,336,505	1,373,345	3,935	1,990	1,945
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	349,540	189,995	159,545	1,045	550	495
Philippines	298,830	109,820	189,020	95	35	60
India	281,415	142,410	138,995	170	80	85
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	232,035	131,050	100,980	575	315	260
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	205,375	94,690	110,685	420	205	215
France	88,860	50,400	38,455	75	45	30
Other	1,253,790	618,135	635,655	1,565	765	800
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	54,810	26,495	28,315
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,664,380	3,447,125	3,217,250	17,580	9,315	8,265
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	12,267,005	5,821,430	6,445,575	37,230	17,185	20,050
Location of study inside Canada	10,134,590	4,807,045	5,327,545	34,285	15,765	18,520
Same as province or territory of residence	8,918,160	4,207,495	4,710,665	26,080	11,940	14,140
Different than province or territory of residence	1,216,425	599,545	616,875	8,210	3,830	4,380
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	2,132,415	1,014,385	1,118,030	2,940	1,415	1,530
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	254,245	131,955	122,290	635	295	335
Philippines	263,095	96,025	167,065	95	35	60
India	239,535	117,445	122,090	110	50	60
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	133,655	73,575	60,085	300	155	145
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	175,825	79,635	96,190	405	195	205
France	72,920	40,610	32,310	70	35	30
Other	993,135	475,145	517,990	1,340	650	685
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,585	83,725	40,525	43,200
In the labour force	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,645	55,330	28,100	27,230
Employed	17,230,040	8,923,540	8,306,490	50,440	25,215	25,225
Unemployed	1,442,435	808,285	634,150	4,885	2,885	2,000
Not in the labour force	9,970,545	4,258,605	5,711,945	28,395	12,425	15,970
Participation rate	65.2	69.6	61.0	66.1	69.3	63.0
Employment rate	60.2	63.8	56.7	60.2	62.2	58.4
Unemployment rate	7.7	8.3	7.1	8.8	10.3	7.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,580	83,725	40,525	43,200
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	9,282,005	3,930,570	5,351,440	25,840	11,100	14,745
Worked	19,361,010	10,059,865	9,301,150	57,885	29,425	28,455
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	9,626,010	5,402,110	4,223,895	31,550	16,900	14,645
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	9,735,005	4,657,755	5,077,245	26,335	12,525	13,810
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.4	42.9	42.0	42.9	42.7	43.0
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	18,672,470	9,731,825	8,940,640	55,330	28,100	27,230
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,705	206,640	990	425	565
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000	54,340	27,675	26,665
Employee	16,073,685	8,158,745	7,914,940	49,890	25,060	24,835
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	2,194,440	1,375,380	819,060	4,450	2,620	1,830
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	18,672,470	9,731,830	8,940,645	55,330	28,100	27,230
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,710	206,640	990	425	565
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	18,268,120	9,534,120	8,734,005	54,340	27,675	26,670
0 Management occupations	2,013,370	1,251,165	762,205	5,825	3,395	2,430
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,874,305	862,870	2,011,440	8,405	2,430	5,975
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,273,660	990,560	283,105	5,060	4,075	990
3 Health occupations	1,245,885	244,730	1,001,155	3,955	745	3,205
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,138,445	672,945	1,465,495	8,645	3,425	5,215
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	557,275	255,705	301,570	1,440	670	770
6 Sales and service occupations	4,265,895	1,843,510	2,422,390	12,910	5,425	7,485
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,668,875	2,504,290	164,585	6,255	5,990	265
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	416,135	331,920	84,215	1,040	860	185
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	814,285	576,435	237,845	810	660	145
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,640	55,330	28,100	27,230
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,710	206,640	985	420	560
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000	54,345	27,675	26,670
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	444,680	310,000	134,675	835	595	240
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	271,300	219,880	51,420	240	210	25
22 Utilities	136,350	100,135	36,210	915	635	280
23 Construction	1,365,010	1,196,550	168,455	3,330	3,020	315
31-33 Manufacturing	1,596,570	1,149,745	446,820	1,840	1,355	485
41 Wholesale trade	665,685	451,230	214,455	1,280	1,030	250
44-45 Retail trade	2,110,200	984,090	1,126,115	6,670	3,125	3,550
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	876,050	656,375	219,670	1,830	1,335	495
51 Information and cultural industries	420,350	243,650	176,705	1,330	835	500
52 Finance and insurance	790,580	327,865	462,715	1,490	520	970
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	333,305	184,350	148,955	820	490	325
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,335,125	740,520	594,605	4,085	2,465	1,615
55 Management of companies and enterprises	28,795	12,795	16,000	55	40	15
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	802,420	462,825	339,590	2,435	1,330	1,100
61 Educational services	1,346,585	420,845	925,735	5,440	2,040	3,405
62 Health care and social assistance	2,138,025	383,755	1,754,270	6,505	1,070	5,435
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	379,740	192,875	186,865	860	465	390
72 Accommodation and food services	1,283,725	535,210	748,515	3,830	1,515	2,315
81 Other services (except public administration)	814,695	371,880	442,815	2,435	1,110	1,320
91 Public administration	1,128,945	589,530	539,405	8,115	4,480	3,635
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	17,230,035	8,923,540	8,306,495	50,440	25,215	25,225
Worked at home	1,272,285	639,500	632,785	3,020	1,445	1,575
Worked outside Canada	78,815	54,235	24,580	205	155	55
No fixed workplace address	1,987,260	1,487,445	499,820	4,545	3,325	1,220
Worked at usual place	13,891,675	6,742,360	7,149,315	42,670	20,290	22,380
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	13,891,680	6,742,365	7,149,315	42,670	20,295	22,380
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	8,102,115	3,723,115	4,379,005	23,050	10,575	12,480
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,906,390	1,435,640	1,470,750	13,080	6,130	6,955
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,725,205	1,492,170	1,233,030	5,965	3,175	2,795
Commute to a different province or territory	157,970	91,445	66,525	565	410	155
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135	47,215	23,615	23,600
Car, truck, van - as a driver	11,748,095	6,380,120	5,367,975	38,270	19,695	18,575
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	868,920	349,855	519,065	3,850	1,335	2,515
Public transit	1,968,215	846,735	1,121,485	1,300	640	665
Walked	877,985	392,950	485,030	2,815	1,375	1,440
Bicycle	222,130	146,615	75,515	430	265	160
Other method	193,595	113,525	80,060	545	310	235
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	15,878,945	8,229,810	7,649,130	47,215	23,620	23,600
Less than 15 minutes	4,449,920	2,071,365	2,378,555	18,630	8,755	9,875
15 to 29 minutes	5,314,295	2,725,165	2,589,130	20,780	10,480	10,300
30 to 44 minutes	3,228,845	1,782,680	1,446,165	5,340	2,830	2,505
45 to 59 minutes	1,391,060	768,115	622,940	1,230	640	585
60 minutes and over	1,494,830	882,485	612,345	1,240	910	325
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135	47,215	23,620	23,600
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,073,680	781,230	292,455	1,505	955	550
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,814,750	1,754,045	1,060,710	6,055	3,635	2,420
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	4,458,835	2,217,210	2,241,620	18,375	9,335	9,045
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,349,975	1,408,710	1,941,265	10,925	4,890	6,035
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,756,265	752,940	1,003,325	4,375	1,835	2,545
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,425,435	1,315,670	1,109,765	5,980	2,970	3,010
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	19,956,255	10,342,970	9,613,285	59,330	30,095	29,235
Single responses	19,365,980	10,042,855	9,323,130	58,275	29,690	28,590
Official languages	19,090,545	9,897,470	9,193,075	58,050	29,545	28,505
English	15,265,335	7,952,010	7,313,320	56,990	29,235	27,760
French	3,825,215	1,945,465	1,879,750	1,060	310	745
Non-official languages	275,430	145,380	130,055	225	145	85
Aboriginal languages	24,950	12,385	12,565	10	0	0
Algonquian languages	14,440	7,370	7,070	0	0	0
Blackfoot	80	45	35	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	11,540	5,820	5,720	0	0	0
Atikamekw	1,095	580	515	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	2,055	970	1,085	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	370	180	190	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	40	25	10	0	0	0
Plains Cree	95	60	35	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	15	10	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	75	35	40	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	7,795	3,965	3,835	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	925	510	420	0	0	0
Malecite	10	0	10	10	0	0
Mi'kmaq	915	505	410	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	1,895	995	900	0	0	0
Algonquin	45	20	25	0	0	0
Ojibway	765	380	385	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	1,080	595	485	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	1,140	530	610	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	1,135	525	610	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	20	0	15	0	0	0
Chilcotin	20	0	10	0	0	0
Dene	770	360	405	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	165	80	80	0	0	0
Gwich'in	10	10	10	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	135	65	70	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	95	45	45	0	0	0
South Slavey	35	20	20	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages	8,845	4,255	4,595	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	35	10	25	0	0	0
Inuktitut	8,800	4,240	4,555	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Cayuga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	35	10	25	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	10	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	110	25	85	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lillooet	15	10	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	20	10	20	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	35	0	30	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	15	0	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	260	155	105	0	0	0
Dakota	20	10	10	0	0	0
Stoney	240	145	95	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	10	10	10	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	25	0	20	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nisga'a	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	30	15	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	250,485	132,990	117,490	225	140	80
Afro-Asiatic languages	7,380	4,530	2,850	15	10	10
Berber languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Kabyle	20	0	20	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	15	10	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	275	105	170	0	0	0
Bilen	10	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	45	25	20	0	0	0
Somali	220	80	145	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	7,065	4,420	2,650	20	10	0
Amharic	200	95	100	0	0	0
Arabic	5,585	3,695	1,890	15	10	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	205	155	55	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	30	20	15	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	825	335	490	0	0	0
Maltese	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	135	70	60	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	8,550	3,790	4,760	20	15	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	475	230	245	0	0	0
Vietnamese	8,070	3,560	4,510	20	15	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	3,850	1,750	2,095	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	75	20	55	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	25	0	15	0	0	0
Ilocano	110	50	60	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	140	75	65	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	3,450	1,580	1,875	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	40	25	15	0	0	0
Creole languages	350	125	225	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	25	10	15	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	315	110	200	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	2,225	1,060	1,165	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	90	50	45	0	0	0
Tamil	2,090	1,005	1,080	0	0	0
Telugu	45	10	35	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	85,550	47,305	38,245	30	25	10
Albanian	350	220	125	0	0	0
Armenian	450	220	230	15	10	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10,075	4,745	5,330	0	0	0
Baltic languages	95	35	60	0	0	0
Latvian	40	10	25	0	0	0
Lithuanian	60	25	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages	9,980	4,710	5,270	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	155	90	65	0	0	0
Bulgarian	205	110	90	0	0	0
Croatian	220	130	95	0	0	0
Czech	70	40	30	0	0	0
Macedonian	95	45	55	0	0	0
Polish	2,500	1,265	1,235	0	0	0
Russian	4,850	2,135	2,720	0	0	0
Serbian	530	320	210	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	30	25	0	0	0	0
Slovak	100	60	40	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,210	485	725	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	15	15	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	13,285	7,455	5,835	0	0	0
Afrikaans	85	40	40	0	0	0
Danish	90	50	35	0	0	0
Dutch	1,165	630	540	0	0	0
Frisian	40	25	15	0	0	0
German	10,065	5,715	4,345	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	65	30	40	0	0	0
Swedish	125	55	70	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	35	20	15	0	0	0
Yiddish	895	390	505	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	720	495	225	0	0	0
Greek	1,020	545	475	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	37,330	21,140	16,190	10	10	0
Indo-Aryan languages	32,485	18,125	14,360	0	0	0
Bengali	530	275	245	0	0	0
Gujarati	880	300	585	0	0	0
Hindi	1,405	755	650	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	10	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	15	15	0	0	0
Nepali	195	95	100	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	27,870	15,945	11,920	0	0	0
Sindhi	35	10	30	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	40	25	20	0	0	0
Urdu	1,495	705	790	0	0	0
Iranian languages	4,820	3,000	1,815	10	10	10
Kurdish	185	150	40	0	0	0
Pashto	50	20	25	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	4,580	2,830	1,750	10	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	23,025	12,965	10,060	0	10	0
Catalan	30	10	20	0	0	0
Italian	1,705	895	805	0	0	0
Portuguese	7,490	4,795	2,695	0	0	0
Romanian	745	365	380	0	0	0
Spanish	13,030	6,885	6,145	10	10	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	3,255	1,195	2,065	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Georgian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Korean	12,150	6,260	5,885	15	15	0
Mongolic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	235	120	115	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	25	10	20	0	0	0
Bamanankan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	20	10	10	0	0	0
Igbo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	0	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	25	0	15	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	80	50	30	0	0	0
Wolof	10	0	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	0	15	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	20	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	1,920	740	1,180	15	10	0
American Sign Language	1,145	340	810	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	135	15	115	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	640	390	255	10	10	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	122,880	65,030	57,850	125	65	55
Chinese languages	122,610	64,880	57,730	125	65	60
Cantonese	58,815	30,485	28,340	0	0	0
Hakka	70	25	45	0	0	0
Mandarin	60,090	32,430	27,665	110	55	50
Min Dong	25	15	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	565	335	225	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	105	65	45	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	2,930	1,530	1,405	15	10	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	270	155	115	0	0	0
Burmese	75	35	35	0	0	0
Karenic languages	135	75	55	0	0	0
Tibetan	50	30	20	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	675	270	405	0	0	0
Lao	150	70	80	0	0	0
Thai	525	205	325	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	750	475	275	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	30	20	0	0	0	0
Turkish	685	435	255	0	0	0
Uyghur	15	15	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	15	10	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	595	270	325	0	0	0
Estonian	50	15	40	0	0	0
Finnish	105	40	65	0	0	0
Hungarian	435	225	215	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	80	45	35	0	0	0
Multiple responses	590,270	300,115	290,155	1,055	410	650
English and French	412,680	211,095	201,585	955	370	590
English and non-official language	154,285	77,870	76,420	95	40	55
French and non-official language	7,830	3,595	4,235	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15,475	7,565	7,915	10	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	19,956,250	10,342,970	9,613,290	59,335	30,095	29,235
None	17,456,725	9,056,235	8,400,490	52,235	27,045	25,185
English	1,259,225	661,460	597,765	860	310	555
French	705,780	349,035	356,745	5,790	2,495	3,295
Non-official language	496,565	257,455	239,105	420	235	185
Aboriginal	37,615	17,215	20,400	50	0	40
Non-Aboriginal	458,945	240,245	218,710	370	225	145
English and French	2,535	1,200	1,335	0	0	0
English and non-official language	18,040	8,765	9,280	10	10	10
French and non-official language	17,265	8,730	8,540	15	10	10
English, French and non-official language	115	90	30	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	34,091,785	16,783,745	17,308,035	99,310	48,310	50,995
Non-movers	29,644,795	14,593,190	15,051,605	84,335	41,015	43,320
Movers	4,446,990	2,190,555	2,256,435	14,970	7,295	7,675
Non-migrants	2,623,515	1,292,750	1,330,760	8,550	4,190	4,360
Migrants	1,823,475	897,805	925,670	6,425	3,110	3,315
Internal migrants	1,451,005	713,060	737,945	5,185	2,475	2,710
Intraprovincial migrants	1,189,525	580,895	608,630	3,345	1,565	1,780
Interprovincial migrants	261,475	132,160	129,315	1,840	915	930
External migrants	372,475	184,745	187,730	1,230	630	605
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	32,568,560	16,004,315	16,564,245	94,885	46,055	48,835
Non-movers	20,134,760	9,902,645	10,232,115	58,055	28,290	29,765
Movers	12,433,805	6,101,675	6,332,130	36,835	17,760	19,070
Non-migrants	6,755,630	3,314,730	3,440,905	18,450	8,805	9,640
Migrants	5,678,175	2,786,945	2,891,230	18,385	8,955	9,430
Internal migrants	4,296,720	2,104,325	2,192,395	15,290	7,345	7,940
Intraprovincial migrants	3,467,670	1,689,950	1,777,720	9,745	4,620	5,125
Interprovincial migrants	829,045	414,375	414,670	5,540	2,725	2,815
External migrants	1,381,460	682,625	698,835	3,095	1,610	1,485