Census Profile, 2016 Census
Canada [Country] and Kitchener--Waterloo--Barrie [Economic region], Ontario

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Canada [Country]			Kitchener--Waterloo--Barrie Ontario [Economic region]
	Data quality , Canada [Country]  Map : Canada [Country] Change geography 1			Data quality : Kitchener--Waterloo--Barrie [Economic region], Ontario  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	35,151,728	...	...	1,299,265	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	33,476,688	...	...	1,218,400	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	5.0	...	...	6.6	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	15,412,443	...	...	534,583	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	14,072,079	...	...	494,567	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	3.9	...	...	125.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	8,965,588.85	...	...	10,375.57	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	35,151,730	17,264,200	17,887,530	1,299,265	640,085	659,185
0 to 14 years	5,839,565	2,992,920	2,846,645	225,050	115,210	109,840
0 to 4 years	1,898,790	973,030	925,760	71,035	36,525	34,510
5 to 9 years	2,018,130	1,034,685	983,445	76,900	39,425	37,475
10 to 14 years	1,922,645	985,200	937,445	77,110	39,255	37,860
15 to 64 years	23,376,530	11,576,130	11,800,400	865,965	430,140	435,825
15 to 19 years	2,026,160	1,039,215	986,940	81,095	41,620	39,475
20 to 24 years	2,242,690	1,144,495	1,098,200	88,245	45,855	42,385
25 to 29 years	2,285,990	1,144,470	1,141,515	82,530	41,730	40,805
30 to 34 years	2,329,395	1,148,290	1,181,110	82,405	40,705	41,700
35 to 39 years	2,288,365	1,118,635	1,169,730	80,525	39,480	41,045
40 to 44 years	2,255,135	1,104,440	1,150,695	84,575	41,430	43,150
45 to 49 years	2,359,965	1,157,760	1,202,210	90,120	44,235	45,880
50 to 54 years	2,678,075	1,318,755	1,359,320	102,935	50,740	52,195
55 to 59 years	2,620,240	1,285,190	1,335,055	94,195	46,110	48,090
60 to 64 years	2,290,510	1,114,885	1,175,630	79,345	38,240	41,100
65 years and over	5,935,630	2,695,150	3,240,485	208,250	94,735	113,520
65 to 69 years	1,972,480	953,075	1,019,405	68,795	32,895	35,905
70 to 74 years	1,420,875	677,975	742,900	50,195	23,765	26,430
75 to 79 years	1,021,850	469,550	552,300	36,010	16,695	19,310
80 to 84 years	749,650	325,765	423,880	26,370	11,725	14,645
85 years and over	770,780	268,790	501,990	26,885	9,655	17,230
85 to 89 years	482,525	185,535	296,990	17,155	6,670	10,490
90 to 94 years	223,510	68,675	154,835	7,775	2,560	5,215
95 to 99 years	56,525	13,240	43,280	1,730	400	1,330
100 years and over	8,230	1,340	6,890	220	30	190
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.3	15.9	17.3	18.0	16.7
15 to 64 years	66.5	67.1	66.0	66.7	67.2	66.1
65 years and over	16.9	15.6	18.1	16.0	14.8	17.2
85 years and over	2.2	1.6	2.8	2.1	1.5	2.6
Average age of the population	41.0	40.1	41.9	40.3	39.4	41.2
Median age of the population	41.2	40.2	42.2	40.6	39.4	41.7
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	14,072,080	...	...	494,565	...	...
Single-detached house	7,541,495	...	...	318,975	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,391,040	...	...	34,180	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	4,949,795	...	...	140,075	...	...
Semi-detached house	698,800	...	...	24,315	...	...
Row house	891,305	...	...	44,380	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	784,300	...	...	17,485	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,539,390	...	...	52,855	...	...
Other single-attached house	36,005	...	...	1,040	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	189,755	...	...	1,340	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	14,072,080	...	...	494,565	...	...
1 person	3,969,790	...	...	115,905	...	...
2 persons	4,834,605	...	...	171,145	...	...
3 persons	2,140,640	...	...	81,380	...	...
4 persons	1,946,275	...	...	79,605	...	...
5 or more persons	1,180,770	...	...	46,530	...	...
Number of persons in private households	34,460,060	...	...	1,278,730	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	29,312,160	14,271,280	15,040,885	1,074,220	524,875	549,340
Married or living common law	16,893,720	8,452,135	8,441,585	637,225	318,390	318,835
Married	13,383,455	6,693,465	6,689,990	533,420	266,615	266,805
Living common law	3,510,265	1,758,670	1,751,590	103,800	51,770	52,030
Not married and not living common law	12,418,440	5,819,140	6,599,300	436,995	206,485	230,510
Never married	8,254,340	4,444,425	3,809,915	284,305	155,440	128,860
Separated	718,295	309,905	408,400	33,330	14,370	18,960
Divorced	1,816,005	725,535	1,090,470	61,400	24,290	37,105
Widowed	1,629,800	339,280	1,290,525	57,965	12,385	45,585
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	9,840,730	...	...	371,540	...	...
2 persons	5,007,790	...	...	181,855	...	...
3 persons	2,107,830	...	...	80,175	...	...
4 persons	1,909,935	...	...	76,655	...	...
5 or more persons	815,170	...	...	32,850	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	9,840,730	...	...	371,540	...	...
Total couple families	8,227,925	...	...	313,020	...	...
Married couples	6,474,005	...	...	261,150	...	...
Common-law couples	1,753,920	...	...	51,870	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,612,805	...	...	58,520	...	...
Female parent	1,262,340	...	...	45,845	...	...
Male parent	350,465	...	...	12,675	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	8,227,925	...	...	313,020	...	...
Couples without children	4,024,305	...	...	147,340	...	...
Couples with children	4,203,615	...	...	165,680	...	...
1 child	1,650,165	...	...	62,465	...	...
2 children	1,783,080	...	...	71,825	...	...
3 or more children	770,375	...	...	31,395	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,612,805	...	...	58,520	...	...
1 child	983,485	...	...	34,520	...	...
2 children	457,670	...	...	17,710	...	...
3 or more children	171,655	...	...	6,285	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	6,107,260	2,941,395	3,165,865	190,775	92,285	98,495
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	14,072,075	...	...	494,565	...	...
One-census-family households	9,218,225	...	...	348,090	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	3,782,095	...	...	137,660	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	5,436,135	...	...	210,430	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	301,715	...	...	11,520	...	...
Non-census-family households	4,552,135	...	...	134,955	...	...
One-person households	3,969,790	...	...	115,910	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	582,350	...	...	19,050	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,080	1,285,900	634,740	651,155
English only	23,757,525	11,838,075	11,919,455	1,184,055	591,250	592,805
French only	4,144,685	1,925,845	2,218,840	675	305	375
English and French	6,216,065	3,071,325	3,144,740	86,965	37,310	49,650
Neither English nor French	648,970	265,920	383,045	14,200	5,870	8,325
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085	1,285,900	634,745	651,155
English	26,007,500	12,852,330	13,155,165	1,248,885	618,155	630,730
French	7,705,755	3,780,105	3,925,650	18,865	8,855	10,010
English and French	417,485	209,130	208,355	4,230	2,000	2,235
Neither English nor French	636,515	259,600	376,910	13,915	5,735	8,180
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	7,914,495	3,884,670	4,029,825	20,985	9,855	11,130
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	22.8	22.7	22.8	1.6	1.6	1.7
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,085	1,285,900	634,740	651,155
Single responses	33,948,620	16,702,840	17,245,775	1,266,160	625,225	640,935
Official languages	26,627,555	13,201,620	13,425,940	1,052,665	521,140	531,530
English	19,460,850	9,680,125	9,780,725	1,032,930	511,860	521,070
French	7,166,705	3,521,495	3,645,215	19,740	9,285	10,455
Non-official languages	7,321,065	3,501,220	3,819,840	213,495	104,085	109,415
Aboriginal languages	195,700	94,795	100,900	330	155	180
Algonquian languages	130,450	62,930	67,520	290	135	150
Blackfoot	2,815	1,325	1,490	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	88,445	42,920	45,530	20	10	10
Atikamekw	6,150	3,135	3,015	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	10,230	4,885	5,350	0	0	0
Moose Cree	100	50	55	5	0	0
Naskapi	1,205	590	620	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	315	125	190	0	0	0
Plains Cree	3,065	1,360	1,710	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	45	20	25	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	1,440	585	850	10	0	10
Woods Cree	1,840	865	975	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	64,050	31,305	32,745	10	5	5
Eastern Algonquian languages	6,990	3,310	3,680	5	5	0
Malecite	305	140	160	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	6,690	3,170	3,520	0	0	5
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	32,150	15,350	16,800	255	120	135
Algonquin	1,260	590	670	5	5	5
Ojibway	17,890	8,440	9,450	250	120	135
Oji-Cree	12,855	6,260	6,595	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	150	65	85	5	5	5
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	45	25	20	5	5	0
Athabaskan languages	17,365	8,325	9,045	5	5	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	17,315	8,310	9,010	5	0	5
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	110	55	60	0	0	0
Beaver	190	85	105	0	0	0
Carrier	1,025	465	565	0	0	0
Chilcotin	660	295	360	0	0	0
Dene	10,700	5,185	5,515	5	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	1,645	840	815	0	0	0
Gwich'in	260	110	145	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	80	25	50	0	0	0
Sekani	90	45	45	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	1,995	950	1,045	0	0	5
North Slavey (Hare)	765	365	400	0	0	0
South Slavey	945	455	495	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	280	130	150	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	270	135	140	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	180	90	90	0	0	0
Tahltan	95	40	50	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	290	120	170	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	215	90	135	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	70	30	40	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	50	20	35	0	0	0
Haida	75	35	40	0	0	0
Inuit languages	36,545	18,100	18,445	15	5	10
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,025	445	575	0	0	0
Inuktitut	35,215	17,530	17,680	15	5	10
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	315	125	185	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	1,115	485	635	15	5	10
Cayuga	45	20	20	5	0	0
Mohawk	980	430	555	15	0	10
Oneida	55	20	40	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	35	15	20	0	0	0
Kutenai	105	55	55	0	0	0
Michif	465	230	235	5	0	5
Salish languages	2,305	1,130	1,180	0	0	0
Comox	80	45	40	0	0	0
Halkomelem	475	225	245	0	0	0
Lillooet	315	155	155	0	0	0
Okanagan	270	135	135	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	445	225	220	0	0	0
Squamish	40	20	20	0	0	0
Straits	80	40	40	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	335	150	185	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	255	135	125	0	0	0
Siouan languages	4,285	2,070	2,220	0	0	0
Dakota	1,215	570	635	0	0	0
Stoney	3,025	1,465	1,555	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	55	30	25	0	0	0
Tlingit	95	40	55	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	1,480	730	755	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	880	435	445	0	0	0
Nisga'a	400	200	200	0	0	0
Tsimshian	200	90	110	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	805	370	435	0	0	0
Haisla	90	40	50	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	95	40	55	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	325	145	185	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	285	135	140	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	585	295	295	5	5	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	7,125,365	3,406,425	3,718,945	213,165	103,935	109,230
Afro-Asiatic languages	575,365	298,060	277,300	13,145	6,785	6,355
Berber languages	22,135	11,865	10,270	30	15	15
Kabyle	13,150	6,995	6,155	30	15	15
Berber languages, n.i.e.	8,985	4,865	4,115	5	0	0
Cushitic languages	42,885	20,095	22,790	1,305	630	670
Bilen	805	455	350	115	65	50
Oromo	4,960	2,560	2,400	90	45	45
Somali	36,755	16,895	19,865	1,060	500	555
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	365	195	170	40	20	15
Semitic languages	509,190	265,465	243,725	11,790	6,125	5,670
Amharic	22,465	10,720	11,745	1,035	510	525
Arabic	419,890	220,785	199,105	8,185	4,305	3,885
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	16,070	7,910	8,160	645	320	330
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5,545	2,780	2,770	95	50	45
Harari	1,320	635	685	15	5	10
Hebrew	19,530	10,480	9,045	295	170	125
Maltese	5,565	2,765	2,800	360	180	185
Tigrigna	16,650	8,310	8,340	1,060	545	510
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	2,155	1,085	1,070	100	50	50
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	1,155	635	520	20	10	5
Austro-Asiatic languages	176,725	81,810	94,920	6,995	3,320	3,675
Khmer (Cambodian)	20,130	9,270	10,860	640	295	340
Vietnamese	156,425	72,470	83,955	6,355	3,020	3,330
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	170	65	100	5	0	0
Austronesian languages	511,480	211,580	299,900	6,110	2,260	3,850
Bikol	1,790	790	1,000	15	10	5
Cebuano	19,890	7,930	11,960	275	90	185
Fijian	745	400	345	5	5	0
Hiligaynon	6,885	2,680	4,205	95	30	65
Ilocano	26,345	10,620	15,720	305	105	195
Malagasy	1,430	665	760	0	0	5
Malay	12,275	5,255	7,020	295	120	175
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	4,040	1,865	2,175	35	15	20
Pangasinan	1,390	590	800	15	0	10
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	431,380	178,575	252,810	4,985	1,855	3,130
Waray-Waray	1,110	430	675	15	5	10
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	4,195	1,770	2,425	65	25	40
Creole languages	72,125	32,310	39,820	235	125	115
Haitian Creole	3,030	1,445	1,590	5	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	64,105	28,455	35,660	105	50	55
Creole languages, n.i.e.	4,985	2,410	2,575	130	75	55
Dravidian languages	189,405	94,765	94,640	3,260	1,705	1,555
Kannada	3,970	2,040	1,935	135	75	65
Malayalam	28,570	14,770	13,800	925	485	440
Tamil	140,720	69,080	71,640	1,795	920	875
Telugu	15,655	8,640	7,020	390	220	170
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	490	240	250	10	0	10
Hmong-Mien languages	795	395	405	485	235	255
Indo-European languages	3,877,330	1,889,400	1,987,930	149,345	73,425	75,920
Albanian	26,890	13,610	13,285	1,190	625	565
Armenian	33,455	16,270	17,185	835	410	425
Balto-Slavic languages	701,975	323,640	378,340	31,980	15,215	16,765
Baltic languages	12,530	5,315	7,215	690	335	360
Latvian	5,455	2,350	3,105	310	150	155
Lithuanian	7,075	2,965	4,115	385	185	200
Slavic languages	689,450	318,325	371,115	31,290	14,880	16,410
Belarusan	810	385	430	35	10	25
Bosnian	12,210	6,035	6,180	675	340	340
Bulgarian	20,025	9,675	10,345	250	125	130
Croatian	48,200	23,540	24,665	2,945	1,490	1,460
Czech	22,290	10,525	11,765	1,345	620	725
Macedonian	16,775	8,050	8,725	630	305	325
Polish	181,710	82,435	99,275	10,690	4,995	5,695
Russian	188,255	85,400	102,855	4,365	2,020	2,345
Serbian	57,350	28,535	28,815	5,895	2,955	2,940
Serbo-Croatian	9,555	4,565	4,985	625	305	325
Slovak	17,580	8,075	9,510	965	450	520
Slovene (Slovenian)	9,790	4,415	5,370	555	260	295
Ukrainian	102,485	45,440	57,040	2,040	880	1,155
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	2,415	1,255	1,165	265	125	140
Celtic languages	2,690	1,335	1,360	105	50	55
Scottish Gaelic	1,090	540	550	40	20	15
Welsh	1,075	495	575	50	20	30
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	530	295	235	15	10	5
Germanic languages	538,765	258,410	280,350	35,435	17,065	18,375
Afrikaans	10,265	5,115	5,145	260	135	120
Danish	12,630	6,245	6,390	595	275	320
Dutch	99,020	48,200	50,820	7,015	3,455	3,560
Frisian	2,100	1,095	1,005	155	75	75
German	384,035	183,215	200,820	26,875	12,880	13,995
Icelandic	1,285	600	685	20	10	10
Norwegian	4,615	2,170	2,445	85	45	45
Swedish	6,840	3,015	3,825	230	90	135
Vlaams (Flemish)	3,895	1,730	2,165	145	60	90
Yiddish	13,555	6,750	6,800	40	20	15
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	525	280	240	15	10	5
Greek	106,525	53,350	53,170	2,485	1,250	1,230
Indo-Iranian languages	1,312,750	664,120	648,630	29,895	15,385	14,510
Indo-Aryan languages	1,064,760	538,530	526,235	22,255	11,470	10,780
Bengali	73,125	37,410	35,720	1,365	735	625
Gujarati	108,780	55,105	53,670	3,980	2,055	1,930
Hindi	110,640	55,880	54,765	2,380	1,280	1,100
Kashmiri	565	300	265	5	5	5
Konkani	3,330	1,625	1,710	70	40	30
Marathi	8,295	4,300	3,995	225	115	110
Nepali	18,275	9,230	9,045	560	280	275
Oriya (Odia)	1,055	560	495	45	20	25
Punjabi (Panjabi)	501,680	253,515	248,160	7,920	4,020	3,895
Sindhi	11,860	5,605	6,260	310	150	160
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	16,335	8,050	8,285	465	230	240
Urdu	210,815	106,960	103,860	4,930	2,540	2,390
Iranian languages	242,805	122,835	119,970	7,385	3,785	3,605
Kurdish	11,705	6,345	5,355	740	400	340
Pashto	16,910	8,760	8,145	1,225	645	585
Persian (Farsi)	214,200	107,725	106,470	5,420	2,740	2,680
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5,180	2,755	2,425	255	130	125
Italic (Romance) languages	1,154,270	558,660	595,615	47,430	23,435	23,990
Catalan	865	440	425	20	10	10
Italian	375,635	184,415	191,220	10,935	5,815	5,115
Portuguese	221,540	106,630	114,910	15,750	7,715	8,040
Romanian	96,665	46,195	50,470	6,545	3,160	3,385
Spanish	458,850	220,605	238,245	14,160	6,720	7,435
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	720	380	340	20	10	5
Japanese	43,640	14,790	28,855	770	290	485
Kartvelian languages	1,715	910	805	20	10	10
Georgian	1,715	910	805	20	10	10
Korean	153,425	70,310	83,115	3,160	1,500	1,655
Mongolic languages	1,575	690	885	10	5	5
Mongolian	1,575	690	880	10	5	5
Niger-Congo languages	91,375	45,075	46,305	1,150	560	585
Akan (Twi)	13,455	6,490	6,970	170	90	80
Bamanankan	1,535	815	720	5	0	0
Edo	1,670	770	900	20	5	5
Ewe	1,760	950	805	25	20	10
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	2,825	1,495	1,335	0	0	0
Ga	920	445	470	10	5	5
Ganda	1,295	625	665	15	5	15
Igbo	4,235	2,265	1,970	60	40	20
Lingala	3,810	1,785	2,025	10	5	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	5,845	2,785	3,060	15	10	15
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5,250	2,355	2,895	50	25	25
Shona	3,180	1,520	1,665	155	65	85
Swahili	13,370	6,385	6,990	210	100	120
Wolof	3,990	2,170	1,820	10	5	5
Yoruba	9,085	4,785	4,300	180	105	80
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	19,135	9,435	9,695	205	85	120
Nilo-Saharan languages	5,870	3,025	2,845	325	160	165
Dinka	2,120	1,115	1,000	10	10	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	3,755	1,910	1,840	315	155	160
Sign languages	7,500	3,925	3,575	290	135	150
American Sign Language	2,685	1,320	1,360	150	65	90
Quebec Sign Language	695	340	355	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	4,120	2,265	1,860	135	75	60
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,269,215	589,570	679,645	19,620	9,505	10,115
Chinese languages	1,253,360	581,650	671,715	19,210	9,290	9,915
Cantonese	565,270	262,865	302,405	4,300	2,055	2,250
Hakka	10,910	4,900	6,015	125	60	65
Mandarin	592,040	274,630	317,410	13,240	6,410	6,825
Min Dong	1,230	580	650	10	5	10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	31,795	14,450	17,350	465	225	235
Wu (Shanghainese)	12,915	5,780	7,140	155	70	85
Chinese, n.o.s.	38,580	18,165	20,410	900	455	445
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	610	275	335	15	10	10
Tibeto-Burman languages	15,850	7,925	7,935	415	215	200
Burmese	3,585	1,795	1,790	150	75	75
Karenic languages	4,705	2,355	2,350	130	70	65
Tibetan	6,165	3,080	3,080	20	10	5
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	1,400	695	705	110	60	50
Tai-Kadai languages	22,010	8,870	13,145	1,635	725	905
Lao	12,670	6,145	6,525	1,355	640	720
Thai	9,255	2,690	6,565	275	90	185
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	80	35	55	0	0	0
Turkic languages	40,140	21,120	19,025	1,540	770	770
Azerbaijani	3,260	1,785	1,470	85	45	35
Turkish	32,815	17,375	15,440	1,035	525	510
Uyghur	1,035	510	525	20	5	15
Uzbek	1,715	855	865	355	170	190
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	1,315	590	720	50	25	30
Uralic languages	81,985	37,790	44,195	5,000	2,370	2,630
Estonian	5,445	2,325	3,115	330	140	190
Finnish	15,295	6,395	8,900	745	330	420
Hungarian	61,235	29,060	32,175	3,925	1,900	2,025
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	3,690	2,045	1,645	70	45	30
Multiple responses	818,635	398,325	420,305	19,740	9,520	10,215
English and French	165,320	80,460	84,860	3,415	1,530	1,890
English and non-official language	533,265	259,160	274,100	15,450	7,580	7,870
French and non-official language	86,150	42,170	43,985	420	205	215
English, French and non-official language	33,900	16,535	17,365	450	210	240
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085	1,285,900	634,740	651,155
Single responses	33,103,860	16,298,475	16,805,395	1,244,580	614,615	629,965
Official languages	29,106,670	14,383,020	14,723,645	1,143,845	565,640	578,205
English	22,162,865	10,966,135	11,196,730	1,137,765	562,840	574,925
French	6,943,800	3,416,890	3,526,910	6,085	2,800	3,285
Non-official languages	3,997,195	1,915,450	2,081,750	100,735	48,970	51,760
Aboriginal languages	118,470	59,720	58,750	75	35	40
Algonquian languages	75,080	37,825	37,260	65	35	30
Blackfoot	1,115	555	555	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	55,825	28,135	27,685	5	0	0
Atikamekw	5,465	2,825	2,640	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	8,590	4,195	4,395	0	0	0
Moose Cree	10	5	5	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,200	595	605	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	110	55	60	0	0	0
Plains Cree	1,350	665	685	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	20	5	15	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	330	140	190	0	0	0
Woods Cree	800	410	390	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	37,945	19,240	18,710	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	3,615	1,795	1,820	0	0	0
Malecite	55	30	30	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	3,560	1,770	1,795	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	14,525	7,335	7,190	60	30	30
Algonquin	370	170	200	0	0	0
Ojibway	6,175	3,165	3,015	60	25	30
Oji-Cree	7,900	3,960	3,940	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	75	40	35	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10,265	5,125	5,135	5	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10,255	5,120	5,135	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Beaver	50	30	20	0	0	0
Carrier	245	115	130	0	0	0
Chilcotin	255	125	130	0	0	0
Dene	7,710	3,805	3,905	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	1,020	550	475	0	0	0
Gwich'in	45	25	25	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sekani	15	10	5	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	820	425	395	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	340	180	155	0	0	0
South Slavey	370	190	185	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	105	55	55	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	25	10	10	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	5	5	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	25	15	10	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	10	0	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Haida	10	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	29,490	14,995	14,495	5	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	165	75	90	0	0	0
Inuktitut	29,230	14,885	14,345	0	0	5
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	90	40	55	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	285	135	155	5	0	5
Cayuga	10	0	5	0	0	0
Mohawk	255	115	140	5	0	5
Oneida	15	5	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kutenai	15	10	5	0	0	0
Michif	85	40	45	5	5	5
Salish languages	285	130	150	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	45	20	25	0	0	0
Lillooet	25	15	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	85	35	45	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	55	30	20	0	0	0
Squamish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Straits	20	10	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages	2,225	1,085	1,140	0	0	0
Dakota	255	140	120	0	0	0
Stoney	1,950	940	1,010	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Tlingit	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	410	210	190	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	315	155	155	0	0	0
Nisga'a	70	40	30	0	0	0
Tsimshian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	75	45	35	0	0	0
Haisla	20	10	15	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	235	110	125	5	5	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,878,725	1,855,730	2,022,995	100,655	48,940	51,715
Afro-Asiatic languages	307,755	153,275	154,480	7,980	3,945	4,040
Berber languages	8,105	4,215	3,895	15	10	5
Kabyle	5,490	2,855	2,640	15	10	10
Berber languages, n.i.e.	2,620	1,365	1,260	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	27,095	12,455	14,640	835	385	450
Bilen	620	330	285	95	50	50
Oromo	3,410	1,700	1,710	50	20	30
Somali	22,895	10,340	12,555	670	305	365
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	185	85	95	10	5	5
Semitic languages	272,100	136,390	135,720	7,125	3,550	3,575
Amharic	12,780	6,010	6,770	670	325	350
Arabic	223,540	112,690	110,850	5,045	2,530	2,515
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10,510	5,090	5,425	385	180	205
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	3,445	1,695	1,750	50	25	25
Harari	735	335	400	5	5	5
Hebrew	8,560	4,425	4,135	135	70	70
Maltese	1,130	525	605	50	25	20
Tigrigna	10,205	5,040	5,170	735	375	360
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	1,200	585	620	40	20	25
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	440	215	230	10	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages	115,210	53,500	61,710	4,580	2,175	2,400
Khmer (Cambodian)	10,880	4,940	5,945	325	145	180
Vietnamese	104,245	48,525	55,725	4,255	2,030	2,225
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	85	40	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	239,785	108,110	131,680	2,180	970	1,215
Bikol	290	140	155	0	0	0
Cebuano	7,210	3,325	3,880	65	25	40
Fijian	195	105	90	5	0	0
Hiligaynon	2,205	970	1,240	45	15	30
Ilocano	9,125	4,045	5,080	100	45	60
Malagasy	435	220	210	0	0	0
Malay	3,620	1,710	1,910	80	35	40
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,200	565	630	10	5	10
Pangasinan	240	110	135	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	213,790	96,235	117,555	1,865	830	1,030
Waray-Waray	310	135	170	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,160	545	620	10	5	5
Creole languages	27,860	12,005	15,850	100	45	50
Haitian Creole	1,280	575	705	5	0	5
Creole, n.o.s.	24,575	10,510	14,060	50	25	30
Creole languages, n.i.e.	2,005	920	1,085	35	25	15
Dravidian languages	122,490	59,780	62,710	1,890	960	930
Kannada	1,630	825	800	65	35	30
Malayalam	15,440	7,865	7,575	525	280	245
Tamil	96,955	46,570	50,385	1,100	545	555
Telugu	8,280	4,430	3,850	185	100	90
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	190	85	105	5	5	5
Hmong-Mien languages	340	160	180	190	85	105
Indo-European languages	1,911,215	927,225	983,985	64,020	31,135	32,890
Albanian	13,135	6,575	6,560	650	330	315
Armenian	21,505	10,165	11,345	500	245	255
Balto-Slavic languages	314,965	149,315	165,650	14,020	6,795	7,225
Baltic languages	3,275	1,400	1,870	130	50	70
Latvian	1,255	530	725	40	15	20
Lithuanian	2,020	870	1,150	85	35	55
Slavic languages	311,690	147,910	163,780	13,895	6,740	7,155
Belarusan	230	105	120	10	5	5
Bosnian	6,045	3,010	3,040	345	185	165
Bulgarian	11,985	5,835	6,150	90	50	45
Croatian	16,775	7,980	8,795	1,065	520	545
Czech	6,235	3,060	3,180	350	165	180
Macedonian	6,830	3,250	3,580	240	110	130
Polish	74,780	34,910	39,870	4,170	2,025	2,145
Russian	116,595	55,175	61,425	2,665	1,290	1,375
Serbian	31,750	15,665	16,085	3,635	1,790	1,840
Serbo-Croatian	3,885	1,865	2,020	275	130	150
Slovak	5,615	2,685	2,920	280	125	155
Slovene (Slovenian)	2,050	905	1,145	90	40	50
Ukrainian	28,250	13,150	15,100	570	255	310
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	670	310	360	120	60	60
Celtic languages	360	205	155	5	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	185	105	80	5	0	0
Welsh	95	50	45	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	80	50	30	0	0	0
Germanic languages	146,455	71,835	74,615	11,170	5,455	5,705
Afrikaans	4,790	2,355	2,435	80	45	45
Danish	855	410	445	25	10	15
Dutch	9,565	4,630	4,935	910	450	460
Frisian	185	95	90	10	5	5
German	120,335	58,905	61,435	10,000	4,880	5,115
Icelandic	270	120	150	10	5	0
Norwegian	345	145	200	0	0	0
Swedish	1,045	500	545	35	20	15
Vlaams (Flemish)	355	170	185	10	5	5
Yiddish	7,080	3,695	3,385	5	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	1,625	820	810	85	45	45
Greek	44,545	21,110	23,440	780	360	420
Indo-Iranian languages	838,755	416,960	421,795	18,170	9,045	9,130
Indo-Aryan languages	676,185	337,440	338,745	13,315	6,670	6,645
Bengali	47,350	23,585	23,765	780	395	385
Gujarati	64,150	31,740	32,405	2,505	1,245	1,265
Hindi	55,510	27,805	27,710	1,135	575	560
Kashmiri	135	70	70	0	0	0
Konkani	720	355	370	20	15	5
Marathi	3,780	1,940	1,840	90	45	50
Nepali	13,375	6,710	6,670	390	190	200
Oriya (Odia)	470	235	240	25	10	10
Punjabi (Panjabi)	349,145	174,905	174,240	5,185	2,605	2,580
Sindhi	4,975	2,280	2,695	165	75	90
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	7,790	3,860	3,925	225	115	115
Urdu	128,785	63,965	64,820	2,795	1,410	1,390
Iranian languages	160,195	78,310	81,880	4,725	2,315	2,410
Kurdish	6,580	3,400	3,175	410	205	205
Pashto	10,590	5,305	5,290	705	345	360
Persian (Farsi)	143,020	69,600	73,425	3,615	1,765	1,845
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	2,375	1,215	1,160	125	60	65
Italic (Romance) languages	531,485	251,050	280,440	18,730	8,900	9,830
Catalan	355	165	190	15	5	10
Italian	115,415	49,975	65,440	2,375	1,095	1,275
Portuguese	98,710	46,915	51,795	6,025	2,835	3,180
Romanian	53,320	25,795	27,525	3,160	1,530	1,625
Spanish	263,510	128,110	135,400	7,165	3,425	3,740
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	180	85	95	5	5	0
Japanese	19,785	8,265	11,515	400	190	210
Kartvelian languages	1,040	565	475	10	5	5
Georgian	1,035	565	475	10	5	5
Korean	109,705	51,385	58,320	2,220	1,045	1,175
Mongolic languages	910	440	470	5	0	0
Mongolian	910	435	470	5	5	0
Niger-Congo languages	28,665	13,340	15,320	295	130	165
Akan (Twi)	5,990	2,695	3,295	45	20	25
Bamanankan	340	180	160	0	0	0
Edo	415	175	240	0	0	0
Ewe	410	185	225	5	0	5
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	825	400	425	0	0	0
Ga	250	105	140	0	0	0
Ganda	345	160	185	5	0	0
Igbo	1,000	485	510	15	5	5
Lingala	1,045	455	590	5	5	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	2,110	990	1,115	5	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	1,530	670	865	5	5	5
Shona	1,035	475	560	35	15	20
Swahili	5,370	2,500	2,870	90	40	50
Wolof	1,380	745	635	0	0	0
Yoruba	2,615	1,275	1,340	40	20	20
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	4,010	1,850	2,160	40	25	25
Nilo-Saharan languages	2,650	1,305	1,350	135	70	65
Dinka	1,130	580	550	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	1,525	730	800	130	70	65
Sign languages	10,445	5,870	4,570	375	215	160
American Sign Language	3,015	1,560	1,460	150	75	75
Quebec Sign Language	730	375	355	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	6,690	3,935	2,755	230	140	90
Sino-Tibetan languages	924,720	433,530	491,190	13,270	6,525	6,745
Chinese languages	913,365	427,860	485,505	12,925	6,345	6,575
Cantonese	400,215	184,340	215,885	2,480	1,185	1,295
Hakka	4,080	1,820	2,265	45	25	25
Mandarin	462,890	220,075	242,815	9,615	4,745	4,865
Min Dong	345	150	195	5	0	5
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	13,965	6,345	7,625	145	70	75
Wu (Shanghainese)	7,650	3,580	4,075	90	45	45
Chinese, n.o.s.	23,935	11,440	12,500	540	280	260
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	280	130	150	5	5	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	11,350	5,670	5,680	345	180	165
Burmese	2,245	1,115	1,125	145	75	65
Karenic languages	3,865	1,935	1,930	125	60	65
Tibetan	4,590	2,305	2,280	5	5	5
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	655	305	345	75	35	40
Tai-Kadai languages	9,565	4,455	5,110	790	375	410
Lao	6,175	2,995	3,180	680	320	355
Thai	3,360	1,450	1,915	110	55	55
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	30	15	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages	22,250	11,205	11,045	780	380	405
Azerbaijani	1,245	640	610	20	10	10
Turkish	18,955	9,525	9,430	520	260	260
Uyghur	610	315	290	5	0	0
Uzbek	990	505	490	215	95	115
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	455	230	225	20	10	10
Uralic languages	23,245	10,715	12,535	1,405	675	730
Estonian	975	365	610	25	5	20
Finnish	2,790	1,220	1,565	125	50	70
Hungarian	19,485	9,125	10,355	1,255	620	640
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	1,110	605	500	25	15	15
Multiple responses	1,663,390	802,695	860,690	41,320	20,125	21,195
English and French	160,185	77,940	82,235	1,940	880	1,060
English and non-official language	1,284,975	620,375	664,600	38,560	18,880	19,680
French and non-official language	148,915	70,915	78,000	130	60	75
English, French and non-official language	69,315	33,465	35,850	690	310	375
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	34,767,255	17,101,165	17,666,080	1,285,900	634,740	651,160
None	29,615,245	14,612,175	15,003,065	1,157,640	573,510	584,130
English	2,109,340	1,045,215	1,064,120	46,095	22,790	23,305
French	731,095	342,245	388,855	14,865	6,320	8,545
Non-official language	2,151,690	1,023,940	1,127,750	65,205	31,145	34,060
Aboriginal	90,740	42,890	47,850	485	215	270
Non-Aboriginal	2,060,945	981,055	1,079,895	64,720	30,930	33,790
English and French	47,970	23,785	24,190	295	125	170
English and non-official language	61,075	30,045	31,030	965	495	465
French and non-official language	48,755	22,690	26,065	820	345	470
English, French and non-official language	2,080	1,075	1,010	25	15	10
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,355	1,054,095	516,375	537,715
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,190	1,013,960	497,635	516,325
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,204	40,782	28,860	35,573	43,515	29,395
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175	1,014,190	497,660	516,530
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,866	35,933	26,621	32,178	38,508	27,069
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	24,583,315	12,296,595	12,286,725	923,875	462,625	461,250
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,762	39,925	26,613	34,060	42,938	26,603
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	19,743,240	8,755,815	10,987,430	712,100	315,780	396,320
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,453	4,199	6,136	4,497	2,191	5,605
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	20,428,685	10,547,760	9,880,925	775,960	402,045	373,910
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,684	39,836	28,474	35,387	43,396	28,745
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	1,054,095	516,380	537,715
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,489,395	13,441,555	14,047,845	1,014,270	497,690	516,580
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,487	56,740	38,632	46,543	55,402	38,008
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,500,230	13,446,230	14,053,995	1,014,525	497,710	516,815
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,977	45,404	32,828	38,735	45,087	32,618
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	24,584,065	12,295,015	12,289,055	923,690	462,845	460,845
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,885	56,803	36,962	45,411	54,930	35,851
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	19,742,130	8,752,070	10,990,060	711,960	315,685	396,280
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,738	7,345	8,050	7,390	6,807	7,854
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	20,428,670	10,542,540	9,886,130	775,955	402,150	373,810
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,057	54,369	37,193	45,128	53,323	36,313
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	1,054,095	516,375	537,715
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	9,367,045	5,231,015	4,136,035	395,495	226,575	168,920
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	53,431	59,326	47,420	54,004	60,193	46,985
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	65,997	74,289	55,510	63,736	71,049	53,927
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	88.3	91.6	83.7	88.9	92.2	84.2
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	72.0	75.2	67.7	74.2	77.9	69.1
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	11.7	8.4	16.3	11.1	7.8	15.8
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360	1,054,095	516,375	537,715
Without total income	1,154,450	546,285	608,165	40,135	18,745	21,395
With total income	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,195	1,013,955	497,630	516,320
Percentage with total income	96.0	96.1	95.8	96.2	96.4	96.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,877,620	1,668,960	2,208,655	137,460	58,005	79,455
$10,000 to $19,999	4,680,380	1,867,600	2,812,785	164,750	64,190	100,565
$20,000 to $29,999	3,807,840	1,593,335	2,214,505	139,090	56,770	82,315
$30,000 to $39,999	3,206,175	1,472,670	1,733,510	116,210	51,465	64,740
$40,000 to $49,999	2,827,045	1,376,565	1,450,480	105,980	50,925	55,050
$50,000 to $59,999	2,179,775	1,145,685	1,034,090	85,370	45,845	39,525
$60,000 to $69,999	1,655,070	938,755	716,310	65,560	38,410	27,150
$70,000 to $79,999	1,271,850	745,830	526,015	48,920	30,430	18,485
$80,000 to $89,999	966,885	579,290	387,590	37,925	24,040	13,880
$90,000 to $99,999	749,290	452,240	297,050	32,615	19,465	13,155
$100,000 and over	2,266,600	1,603,400	663,195	80,075	58,080	21,995
$100,000 to $149,999	1,493,570	1,024,210	469,365	55,820	39,550	16,275
$150,000 and over	773,025	579,190	193,830	24,255	18,530	5,720
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360	1,054,095	516,380	537,715
Without after-tax income	1,143,795	541,620	602,175	39,905	18,715	21,185
With after-tax income	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175	1,014,185	497,660	516,530
Percentage with after-tax income	96.0	96.1	95.9	96.2	96.4	96.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,004,475	1,706,825	2,297,645	141,655	59,080	82,570
$10,000 to $19,999	4,905,055	1,972,920	2,932,130	172,970	67,635	105,335
$20,000 to $29,999	4,489,925	1,926,175	2,563,755	161,255	66,955	94,300
$30,000 to $39,999	3,924,960	1,870,705	2,054,250	141,475	65,325	76,150
$40,000 to $49,999	3,144,200	1,619,670	1,524,525	121,890	63,380	58,505
$50,000 to $59,999	2,209,280	1,245,570	963,705	87,310	50,980	36,330
$60,000 to $69,999	1,540,300	912,230	628,065	61,320	38,640	22,680
$70,000 to $79,999	1,076,180	654,570	421,610	46,010	28,360	17,650
$80,000 and over	2,204,820	1,540,335	664,485	80,305	57,295	23,005
$80,000 to $89,999	688,705	444,550	244,145	28,225	18,740	9,485
$90,000 to $99,999	420,975	291,090	129,885	16,055	11,430	4,630
$100,000 and over	1,095,140	804,690	290,445	36,030	27,130	8,900
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	28,642,980	13,990,625	14,652,360	1,054,095	516,380	537,720
Without employment income	8,214,295	3,442,860	4,771,430	278,135	114,330	163,805
With employment income	20,428,690	10,547,760	9,880,925	775,960	402,045	373,910
Percentage with employment income	71.3	75.4	67.4	73.6	77.9	69.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,778,990	1,357,430	1,421,560	102,085	48,355	53,730
$5,000 to $9,999	1,602,140	697,025	905,120	62,120	26,505	35,615
$10,000 to $19,999	2,736,010	1,212,855	1,523,155	99,860	42,900	56,960
$20,000 to $29,999	2,293,785	1,022,090	1,271,695	81,185	35,105	46,080
$30,000 to $39,999	2,149,860	1,001,065	1,148,795	79,785	35,400	44,390
$40,000 to $49,999	1,928,565	946,625	981,940	76,075	37,615	38,465
$50,000 to $59,999	1,554,100	839,045	715,055	64,140	35,925	28,225
$60,000 to $69,999	1,220,310	708,270	512,040	49,350	30,115	19,235
$70,000 to $79,999	992,170	591,945	400,225	38,390	24,555	13,840
$80,000 and over	3,172,770	2,171,415	1,001,355	122,955	85,580	37,370
$80,000 to $89,999	773,755	475,700	298,055	31,090	20,180	10,910
$90,000 to $99,999	623,980	382,330	241,650	28,460	16,985	11,475
$100,000 and over	1,775,030	1,313,385	461,645	63,405	48,420	14,990
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	14,072,080	...	...	494,565	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	70,336	...	...	78,245	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	61,348	...	...	68,404	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	3,969,790	...	...	115,910	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,174	...	...	37,834	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,446	...	...	33,822	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	10,102,290	...	...	378,660	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	88,249	...	...	93,489	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	76,419	...	...	81,172	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	14,072,075	...	...	494,565	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	92,764	...	...	95,452	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	76,171	...	...	79,460	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	3,967,765	...	...	116,005	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	46,799	...	...	47,437	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,685	...	...	39,689	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	10,104,315	...	...	378,565	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	110,813	...	...	110,165	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	90,890	...	...	91,647	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	14,072,075	...	...	494,570	...	...
Under $5,000	228,790	...	...	6,060	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	200,315	...	...	4,835	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	374,575	...	...	10,585	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	565,940	...	...	14,045	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	602,800	...	...	17,980	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	538,710	...	...	15,945	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	603,480	...	...	18,210	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	606,600	...	...	19,290	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	596,110	...	...	19,290	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	578,325	...	...	19,255	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,097,345	...	...	37,595	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,010,415	...	...	35,945	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	924,320	...	...	34,010	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	836,765	...	...	31,675	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	745,655	...	...	29,740	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,561,920	...	...	180,105	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,470,255	...	...	59,860	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,016,245	...	...	41,625	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,116,140	...	...	45,230	...	...
$200,000 and over	959,285	...	...	33,390	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	14,072,075	...	...	494,565	...	...
Under $5,000	243,780	...	...	6,575	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	203,865	...	...	4,965	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	380,680	...	...	10,810	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	591,660	...	...	14,745	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	673,740	...	...	20,125	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	628,225	...	...	17,950	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	719,825	...	...	21,305	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	725,675	...	...	22,945	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	711,180	...	...	23,240	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	691,695	...	...	23,410	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,299,680	...	...	45,255	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,169,515	...	...	42,460	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,041,635	...	...	40,075	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	900,055	...	...	36,180	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	757,295	...	...	31,135	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,333,575	...	...	133,395	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,371,945	...	...	57,170	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	809,540	...	...	33,705	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,152,090	...	...	42,525	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	9,688,845	...	...	364,605	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	88,306	...	...	93,571	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,372	...	...	81,118	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	3,706,220	...	...	134,360	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,976	...	...	82,048	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,309	...	...	71,643	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	4,222,140	...	...	167,045	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	113,465	...	...	117,918	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,608	...	...	100,548	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,481,410	...	...	53,470	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,193	...	...	55,739	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,856	...	...	51,225	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	9,689,855	...	...	364,575	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	111,235	...	...	110,523	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	91,040	...	...	91,760	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	3,706,400	...	...	134,200	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	101,086	...	...	99,384	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,296	...	...	82,188	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	4,225,855	...	...	167,410	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	137,094	...	...	134,079	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	111,307	...	...	110,467	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,477,190	...	...	53,210	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	65,549	...	...	65,523	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,687	...	...	57,436	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	5,313,545	2,608,845	2,704,705	164,245	81,380	82,865
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	31,890	34,483	29,801	33,090	36,358	30,511
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	28,959	30,746	27,495	30,138	32,563	28,208
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	5,299,050	2,596,985	2,702,070	163,950	80,585	83,365
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	42,939	46,085	39,915	42,168	45,190	39,247
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	35,801	37,724	33,952	35,650	37,484	33,877
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	34,460,065	16,971,550	17,488,515	1,278,730	631,340	647,385
In the bottom half of the distribution	17,229,835	8,256,970	8,972,865	581,580	278,145	303,435
In the bottom decile	3,445,950	1,672,900	1,773,050	103,655	50,135	53,515
In the second decile	3,445,660	1,564,965	1,880,700	106,315	47,830	58,485
In the third decile	3,446,165	1,641,930	1,804,235	116,685	55,160	61,530
In the fourth decile	3,445,850	1,677,120	1,768,730	123,495	59,900	63,590
In the fifth decile	3,446,210	1,700,060	1,746,150	131,435	65,125	66,310
In the top half of the distribution	17,230,230	8,714,580	8,515,650	697,150	353,195	343,950
In the sixth decile	3,445,695	1,716,510	1,729,185	138,050	68,770	69,280
In the seventh decile	3,446,470	1,730,975	1,715,500	142,315	71,970	70,350
In the eighth decile	3,445,940	1,741,640	1,704,300	147,225	74,645	72,580
In the ninth decile	3,446,045	1,751,850	1,694,195	147,555	75,155	72,395
In the top decile	3,446,080	1,773,600	1,672,475	122,000	62,655	59,350
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	33,968,295	16,724,265	17,244,035	1,277,205	630,570	646,635
0 to 17 years	6,836,380	3,504,250	3,332,125	271,350	138,855	132,500
0 to 5 years	2,228,770	1,142,505	1,086,270	85,655	44,065	41,590
18 to 64 years	21,695,090	10,690,090	11,005,005	811,740	401,535	410,210
65 years and over	5,436,830	2,529,930	2,906,905	194,115	90,185	103,925
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	4,809,940	2,243,200	2,566,740	145,320	67,090	78,225
0 to 17 years	1,163,830	597,570	566,255	39,170	20,075	19,100
0 to 5 years	396,095	203,055	193,030	13,660	7,065	6,595
18 to 64 years	2,855,290	1,341,590	1,513,700	86,960	39,995	46,965
65 years and over	790,825	304,040	486,780	19,190	7,025	12,165
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.2	13.4	14.9	11.4	10.6	12.1
0 to 17 years (%)	17.0	17.1	17.0	14.4	14.5	14.4
0 to 5 years (%)	17.8	17.8	17.8	15.9	16.0	15.9
18 to 64 years (%)	13.2	12.5	13.8	10.7	10.0	11.4
65 years and over (%)	14.5	12.0	16.7	9.9	7.8	11.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	3,128,995	1,519,370	1,609,630	78,385	38,700	39,685
0 to 17 years	696,025	357,255	338,770	18,060	9,290	8,775
0 to 5 years	236,435	121,170	115,260	6,165	3,215	2,955
18 to 64 years	2,157,745	1,057,585	1,100,160	56,690	27,860	28,830
65 years and over	275,225	104,525	170,695	3,635	1,545	2,085
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	9.2	9.1	9.3	6.1	6.1	6.1
0 to 17 years (%)	10.2	10.2	10.2	6.7	6.7	6.6
0 to 5 years (%)	10.6	10.6	10.6	7.2	7.3	7.1
18 to 64 years (%)	9.9	9.9	10.0	7.0	6.9	7.0
65 years and over (%)	5.1	4.1	5.9	1.9	1.7	2.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	1,278,730	631,340	647,390
Official languages	33,818,210	16,709,290	17,108,920	1,264,640	625,550	639,090
English	29,748,265	14,806,270	14,941,995	1,263,935	625,260	638,665
French	10,242,945	4,952,455	5,290,495	87,010	36,870	50,145
Non-official languages	9,369,280	4,488,185	4,881,090	260,825	126,910	133,920
Aboriginal languages	263,845	127,550	136,295	1,075	465	610
Algonquian languages	177,570	85,505	92,065	975	430	545
Blackfoot	5,645	2,695	2,950	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	116,585	56,515	60,070	25	10	20
Atikamekw	6,640	3,335	3,305	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	11,440	5,500	5,945	0	0	0
Moose Cree	195	80	115	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,465	710	755	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	545	225	320	0	0	0
Plains Cree	5,905	2,705	3,200	10	0	10
Southern East Cree	40	30	10	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	2,345	995	1,350	0	0	0
Woods Cree	2,665	1,230	1,435	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	86,115	42,080	44,035	15	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	9,765	4,710	5,050	30	10	25
Malecite	755	370	390	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	9,025	4,350	4,670	35	10	25
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	46,685	22,100	24,585	925	415	505
Algonquin	2,480	1,165	1,315	20	0	10
Ojibway	28,585	13,365	15,220	895	405	485
Oji-Cree	15,610	7,575	8,030	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	205	105	105	10	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	120	60	60	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	23,655	11,340	12,320	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	23,570	11,300	12,265	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	210	105	100	0	0	0
Beaver	340	180	165	0	0	0
Carrier	2,105	955	1,145	0	0	0
Chilcotin	1,150	535	610	0	0	0
Dene	13,060	6,270	6,790	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	2,375	1,210	1,165	0	0	0
Gwich'in	360	165	200	10	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	150	60	90	0	0	0
Sekani	185	85	100	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	2,815	1,340	1,475	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	1,010	475	530	0	0	0
South Slavey	1,365	660	710	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	680	320	360	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	630	340	285	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	365	205	170	0	0	0
Tahltan	270	140	130	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	420	160	260	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	285	115	170	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	145	50	95	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	85	35	50	0	0	0
Haida	465	205	260	0	0	0
Inuit languages	42,980	21,355	21,630	40	15	25
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,975	895	1,080	0	0	0
Inuktitut	40,620	20,280	20,340	30	0	25
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	470	225	240	0	10	0
Iroquoian languages	2,800	1,240	1,555	20	10	10
Cayuga	125	40	85	10	0	0
Mohawk	2,415	1,120	1,295	10	10	10
Oneida	180	60	125	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	115	45	75	0	0	10
Kutenai	175	95	80	0	0	0
Michif	1,210	585	625	40	10	35
Salish languages	5,750	2,730	3,015	0	0	0
Comox	185	75	110	0	0	0
Halkomelem	1,060	475	585	0	0	0
Lillooet	790	405	385	0	0	0
Okanagan	820	370	450	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	1,305	640	665	0	0	0
Squamish	285	125	155	0	0	0
Straits	360	160	200	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	450	220	235	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	565	295	270	0	0	0
Siouan languages	5,430	2,665	2,770	0	0	0
Dakota	1,760	870	890	0	0	0
Stoney	3,675	1,805	1,875	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	140	70	70	0	0	0
Tlingit	260	140	120	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	2,730	1,350	1,380	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	1,305	645	660	0	0	0
Nisga'a	1,060	545	515	0	0	0
Tsimshian	410	180	235	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	1,490	680	805	0	0	0
Haisla	175	65	110	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	125	50	75	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	605	285	320	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	565	265	300	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	30	20	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	665	310	360	10	0	10
Non-Aboriginal languages	9,107,075	4,361,420	4,745,660	259,760	126,450	133,315
Afro-Asiatic languages	837,355	432,560	404,795	16,870	8,735	8,135
Berber languages	29,460	15,745	13,715	20	15	10
Kabyle	17,120	9,100	8,015	10	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	12,505	6,735	5,775	15	15	0
Cushitic languages	57,125	26,870	30,250	1,635	840	795
Bilen	1,085	625	470	175	90	85
Oromo	6,245	3,070	3,175	85	50	45
Somali	49,665	23,070	26,590	1,275	645	630
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	480	220	265	115	70	50
Semitic languages	771,130	400,780	370,350	15,465	8,010	7,455
Amharic	33,670	16,675	16,995	1,485	750	735
Arabic	629,055	329,235	299,820	11,055	5,760	5,295
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	19,745	9,720	10,020	690	335	355
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	7,115	3,505	3,610	115	65	50
Harari	1,710	855	860	0	0	0
Hebrew	75,020	38,730	36,290	1,070	590	480
Maltese	7,625	3,760	3,870	535	290	240
Tigrigna	21,340	10,640	10,705	1,380	655	720
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	3,220	1,655	1,565	115	60	55
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	2,775	1,440	1,335	65	35	25
Austro-Asiatic languages	224,865	105,845	119,020	8,475	4,000	4,470
Khmer (Cambodian)	27,035	12,640	14,400	860	360	500
Vietnamese	198,895	93,735	105,155	7,670	3,665	4,005
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	190	70	120	10	10	0
Austronesian languages	656,200	273,075	383,125	7,895	2,910	4,980
Bikol	2,075	885	1,190	0	0	0
Cebuano	27,045	10,960	16,085	340	85	255
Fijian	1,660	955	705	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	7,925	3,200	4,720	150	55	95
Ilocano	34,530	13,805	20,730	305	75	230
Malagasy	2,335	1,120	1,220	0	0	0
Malay	22,470	10,370	12,100	635	280	355
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5,425	2,445	2,980	50	20	30
Pangasinan	1,800	790	1,015	10	10	10
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	612,735	253,210	359,530	7,040	2,575	4,470
Waray-Waray	1,395	530	860	15	0	15
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5,585	2,540	3,040	70	25	45
Creole languages	155,615	70,545	85,070	805	410	395
Haitian Creole	6,850	3,140	3,710	30	20	10
Creole, n.o.s.	133,045	59,890	73,160	350	170	170
Creole languages, n.i.e.	16,635	7,955	8,675	450	235	210
Dravidian languages	250,180	126,220	123,960	4,230	2,235	2,000
Kannada	8,245	4,180	4,065	320	170	145
Malayalam	37,810	19,410	18,400	1,110	565	550
Tamil	189,860	94,640	95,220	2,530	1,325	1,205
Telugu	23,160	12,770	10,390	570	330	240
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	790	385	405	10	10	10
Hmong-Mien languages	870	435	435	500	235	260
Indo-European languages	5,158,010	2,506,455	2,651,555	186,235	91,060	95,175
Albanian	31,930	16,140	15,790	1,265	700	565
Armenian	41,295	19,980	21,315	1,085	530	555
Balto-Slavic languages	817,315	384,960	432,350	36,970	17,630	19,350
Baltic languages	14,675	6,470	8,205	865	405	460
Latvian	6,500	2,960	3,540	430	220	210
Lithuanian	8,185	3,510	4,675	430	185	250
Slavic languages	805,915	379,965	425,945	36,245	17,305	18,945
Belarusan	2,265	1,070	1,195	90	35	55
Bosnian	18,265	9,055	9,215	1,085	530	560
Bulgarian	22,425	10,920	11,505	355	165	195
Croatian	69,840	34,515	35,325	4,510	2,235	2,280
Czech	28,720	13,675	15,050	1,730	840	885
Macedonian	23,075	11,190	11,880	845	405	435
Polish	214,965	99,365	115,600	12,215	5,730	6,490
Russian	269,645	127,055	142,595	6,110	2,830	3,275
Serbian	73,775	37,040	36,740	7,645	3,920	3,730
Serbo-Croatian	11,275	5,525	5,750	790	375	415
Slovak	21,470	10,215	11,255	1,175	580	595
Slovene (Slovenian)	11,495	5,205	6,290	760	340	420
Ukrainian	132,115	58,820	73,300	2,465	1,030	1,435
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	3,000	1,590	1,405	300	140	165
Celtic languages	9,165	4,705	4,455	270	130	140
Scottish Gaelic	3,980	2,010	1,975	140	70	70
Welsh	1,690	830	860	70	25	55
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	3,590	1,915	1,680	65	45	20
Germanic languages	695,535	337,215	358,320	43,685	20,840	22,845
Afrikaans	23,410	11,795	11,610	585	300	285
Danish	15,745	7,320	8,425	755	335	425
Dutch	120,865	57,885	62,990	9,965	4,645	5,325
Frisian	2,910	1,515	1,395	190	80	110
German	502,730	245,745	256,985	34,035	16,465	17,565
Icelandic	1,780	830	945	20	10	0
Norwegian	8,120	3,860	4,260	230	120	115
Swedish	14,140	6,510	7,635	450	205	245
Vlaams (Flemish)	4,400	1,945	2,455	135	60	75
Yiddish	20,985	10,435	10,550	30	15	25
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	8,710	4,425	4,285	400	215	185
Greek	150,965	75,510	75,455	3,375	1,665	1,705
Indo-Iranian languages	1,658,220	840,850	817,365	36,750	18,940	17,810
Indo-Aryan languages	1,387,805	704,370	683,435	29,215	15,190	14,020
Bengali	91,220	46,935	44,285	1,715	950	760
Gujarati	149,045	74,765	74,285	4,895	2,505	2,390
Hindi	433,365	221,665	211,700	10,115	5,300	4,810
Kashmiri	905	490	420	20	10	10
Konkani	6,790	3,185	3,605	125	65	55
Marathi	15,570	8,200	7,365	365	190	175
Nepali	21,380	10,915	10,470	700	365	335
Oriya (Odia)	1,535	755	775	35	10	25
Punjabi (Panjabi)	668,240	341,450	326,790	11,015	5,770	5,250
Sindhi	20,260	9,310	10,945	495	225	270
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	27,825	13,970	13,855	805	400	405
Urdu	322,220	164,685	157,535	8,155	4,280	3,880
Iranian languages	281,715	142,030	139,680	8,140	4,055	4,080
Kurdish	15,290	8,290	7,000	910	455	455
Pashto	23,180	12,465	10,715	1,390	715	675
Persian (Farsi)	252,320	126,565	125,755	6,215	3,080	3,130
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	8,875	4,715	4,155	390	170	220
Italic (Romance) languages	1,897,630	898,530	999,100	67,265	32,725	34,535
Catalan	2,035	1,145	890	25	25	0
Italian	574,725	278,500	296,225	16,000	8,285	7,715
Portuguese	295,955	144,465	151,485	20,175	10,065	10,115
Romanian	115,050	55,275	59,770	7,970	3,815	4,165
Spanish	995,255	460,250	535,010	25,240	11,545	13,695
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	2,680	1,610	1,075	105	65	35
Japanese	83,090	36,760	46,335	1,525	780	750
Kartvelian languages	2,150	1,075	1,075	10	0	15
Georgian	2,150	1,080	1,070	15	0	15
Korean	172,755	80,170	92,590	3,425	1,615	1,805
Mongolic languages	2,090	960	1,130	20	15	10
Mongolian	2,090	960	1,130	20	15	0
Niger-Congo languages	177,215	88,135	89,080	2,305	1,220	1,090
Akan (Twi)	22,145	10,810	11,340	265	145	115
Bamanankan	3,190	1,660	1,530	10	0	0
Edo	3,220	1,510	1,705	45	30	15
Ewe	3,000	1,685	1,315	35	25	10
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	4,725	2,460	2,260	15	10	10
Ga	2,250	1,140	1,110	10	15	0
Ganda	2,495	1,175	1,320	25	0	25
Igbo	8,850	4,710	4,140	150	110	40
Lingala	17,010	7,865	9,145	150	85	70
Rundi (Kirundi)	8,590	4,075	4,515	35	10	30
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	7,860	3,600	4,260	70	15	50
Shona	5,425	2,530	2,905	210	105	105
Swahili	38,680	19,565	19,115	760	385	370
Wolof	8,240	4,455	3,785	10	10	0
Yoruba	22,420	11,475	10,940	425	240	185
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	40,760	20,375	20,385	400	200	195
Nilo-Saharan languages	7,015	3,520	3,495	440	200	235
Dinka	2,475	1,280	1,190	10	0	10
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	4,555	2,240	2,315	430	195	230
Sign languages	48,115	18,985	29,130	2,065	765	1,300
American Sign Language	21,930	7,780	14,155	1,155	395	765
Quebec Sign Language	4,665	1,665	3,005	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	22,275	9,835	12,440	930	380	555
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,430,440	672,100	758,340	22,510	11,110	11,400
Chinese languages	1,413,110	663,465	749,640	22,065	10,880	11,180
Cantonese	699,125	325,840	373,285	5,975	2,910	3,070
Hakka	12,445	5,555	6,890	195	90	105
Mandarin	814,450	377,635	436,815	16,100	7,865	8,230
Min Dong	1,045	440	600	10	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	42,840	19,005	23,835	660	325	340
Wu (Shanghainese)	16,530	7,490	9,040	225	120	100
Chinese, n.o.s.	41,690	19,995	21,690	1,130	590	545
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	590	250	340	10	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	18,270	9,100	9,175	485	250	230
Burmese	4,995	2,490	2,500	185	85	100
Karenic languages	4,895	2,425	2,475	120	65	60
Tibetan	7,050	3,555	3,490	20	15	10
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	2,375	1,160	1,220	285	150	140
Tai-Kadai languages	30,400	13,210	17,195	1,910	960	950
Lao	17,235	8,240	8,990	1,590	795	790
Thai	15,390	5,875	9,520	395	175	215
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	115	50	65	0	0	0
Turkic languages	60,530	31,585	28,945	2,365	1,235	1,125
Azerbaijani	5,450	2,885	2,565	150	95	50
Turkish	50,775	26,605	24,165	1,725	920	805
Uyghur	1,385	685	700	10	0	10
Uzbek	2,465	1,230	1,235	455	220	235
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	1,870	905	965	105	45	60
Uralic languages	94,810	44,270	50,545	5,870	2,810	3,065
Estonian	6,070	2,750	3,315	440	195	240
Finnish	17,595	7,540	10,050	785	320	465
Hungarian	71,285	34,005	37,280	4,655	2,295	2,360
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	9,730	5,375	4,355	215	105	110
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490	1,278,730	631,345	647,390
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	32,034,590	15,799,495	16,235,090	1,220,120	602,845	617,275
Canadian citizens aged under 18	6,652,795	3,412,785	3,240,010	265,080	135,935	129,145
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	25,381,795	12,386,710	12,995,080	955,040	466,910	488,130
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	2,425,480	1,172,085	1,253,400	58,610	28,500	30,115
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	1,278,735	631,340	647,390
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	26,412,610	13,124,325	13,288,290	1,038,695	514,830	523,865
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330	227,015	109,615	117,405
Before 1981	1,941,510	927,795	1,013,715	86,255	41,590	44,670
1981 to 1990	915,555	439,245	476,310	29,685	14,635	15,055
1991 to 2000	1,486,655	696,720	789,940	40,515	19,635	20,875
2001 to 2010	1,985,035	940,570	1,044,465	47,915	22,935	24,980
2001 to 2005	928,935	439,890	489,050	24,650	11,930	12,720
2006 to 2010	1,056,095	500,680	555,415	23,265	11,005	12,265
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	1,212,075	582,175	629,895	22,645	10,815	11,830
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	506,625	260,755	245,870	13,020	6,900	6,120
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	7,540,830	3,586,500	3,954,335	227,015	109,615	117,400
Under 5 years	731,340	364,165	367,175	28,080	14,125	13,955
5 to 14 years	1,311,810	665,870	645,945	47,240	24,300	22,935
15 to 24 years	1,604,430	724,430	880,005	52,115	23,725	28,390
25 to 44 years	3,198,920	1,513,970	1,684,950	85,435	41,190	44,240
45 years and over	694,320	318,060	376,260	14,145	6,260	7,885
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330	227,015	109,615	117,405
Americas	1,128,745	510,650	618,100	33,275	15,170	18,105
Brazil	29,320	13,235	16,080	1,065	460	600
Colombia	70,035	32,065	37,965	2,220	980	1,240
El Salvador	48,080	23,865	24,215	2,570	1,195	1,370
Guyana	87,685	38,940	48,745	3,465	1,530	1,930
Haiti	93,480	40,955	52,525	95	55	40
Jamaica	138,345	59,960	78,390	3,905	1,860	2,045
Mexico	80,585	37,530	43,055	2,225	1,070	1,155
Peru	29,615	12,950	16,665	495	235	260
Trinidad and Tobago	65,040	29,325	35,710	1,800	885	915
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	253,715	113,505	140,215	8,665	3,545	5,120
Other places of birth in Americas	232,850	108,325	124,530	6,785	3,350	3,435
Europe	2,088,410	1,015,145	1,073,260	111,940	54,420	57,520
Bosnia and Herzegovina	36,135	18,050	18,085	3,565	1,830	1,735
Croatia	40,045	20,005	20,035	2,865	1,425	1,445
France	105,565	55,395	50,170	815	425	385
Germany	145,845	69,525	76,320	9,870	4,685	5,180
Greece	62,715	31,580	31,135	1,275	635	640
Hungary	36,820	17,945	18,875	1,970	995	975
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	28,325	14,355	13,970	1,420	685	735
Italy	236,640	118,595	118,040	6,940	3,790	3,155
Netherlands	88,475	45,185	43,295	6,405	3,175	3,230
Poland	146,465	66,450	80,020	8,345	3,885	4,460
Portugal	139,450	68,150	71,300	11,370	5,590	5,780
Romania	90,305	42,795	47,510	6,290	2,970	3,315
Russian Federation	78,685	34,265	44,420	1,860	835	1,025
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	33,320	16,325	17,000	3,475	1,745	1,730
Ukraine	73,030	33,360	39,665	1,800	815	985
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	499,115	243,225	255,890	33,515	16,055	17,465
Other places of birth in Europe	247,470	119,945	127,530	10,155	4,880	5,270
Africa	637,485	322,510	314,970	11,380	5,750	5,630
Algeria	64,620	33,920	30,705	90	50	40
Egypt	64,615	34,125	30,495	1,610	815	795
Ethiopia	32,790	15,980	16,810	1,265	660	605
Kenya	27,150	12,810	14,340	800	375	425
Morocco	69,655	36,120	33,535	140	75	65
Nigeria	42,430	21,830	20,600	635	360	285
Somalia	27,230	12,070	15,160	795	375	420
South Africa, Republic of	44,660	22,205	22,460	1,290	635	660
Other places of birth in Africa	264,320	133,450	130,870	4,745	2,405	2,345
Asia	3,629,160	1,709,985	1,919,175	69,500	33,795	35,700
Afghanistan	51,955	26,030	25,930	2,230	1,070	1,165
Bangladesh	58,735	29,875	28,865	1,090	580	510
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	649,260	290,800	358,460	9,960	4,630	5,325
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	208,940	98,020	110,915	1,225	670	560
India	668,565	334,030	334,540	13,330	6,785	6,545
IranCensus data footnote 61	154,425	77,970	76,455	2,580	1,375	1,205
Iraq	68,485	34,785	33,705	2,540	1,310	1,225
Japan	27,240	7,955	19,285	315	105	210
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	123,305	57,170	66,140	2,335	1,180	1,160
Lebanon	88,745	47,295	41,450	980	510	465
Pakistan	202,260	103,225	99,035	5,700	2,980	2,720
Philippines	588,305	247,095	341,210	7,005	2,755	4,255
Sri Lanka	131,995	64,825	67,170	1,985	985	995
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	52,960	26,595	26,365	1,965	990	980
Taiwan	63,770	28,170	35,605	735	340	390
Viet Nam	169,250	78,000	91,250	5,970	2,755	3,215
Other places of birth in Asia	320,965	158,150	162,815	9,550	4,770	4,785
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	57,030	28,210	28,825	925	480	445
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	1,212,075	582,180	629,895	22,645	10,820	11,830
Americas	152,595	72,870	79,720	2,995	1,380	1,615
Brazil	8,500	4,000	4,490	140	70	70
Colombia	15,300	6,885	8,415	345	120	230
Cuba	5,370	2,545	2,820	165	65	95
Haiti	19,985	9,160	10,830	35	20	10
Jamaica	12,495	6,680	5,820	255	155	105
Mexico	18,660	9,090	9,575	340	180	165
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	33,060	16,480	16,580	915	375	540
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	6,425	2,990	3,435	85	40	45
Other places of birth in Americas	32,790	15,040	17,750	710	355	360
Europe	140,030	70,995	69,035	3,395	1,665	1,730
France	24,150	13,000	11,150	105	60	40
Germany	6,300	3,255	3,045	200	95	110
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	5,660	3,540	2,120	115	65	50
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	5,900	2,735	3,165	30	10	20
Romania	7,610	3,330	4,280	315	130	185
Russian Federation	11,565	4,485	7,080	195	70	125
Ukraine	13,425	6,015	7,410	210	95	115
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	24,445	14,235	10,215	820	465	350
Other places of birth in Europe	40,970	20,405	20,570	1,400	670	730
Africa	162,800	81,545	81,245	2,265	1,120	1,150
Algeria	17,175	8,440	8,735	10	10	0
Cameroon	10,265	5,005	5,255	10	10	10
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	7,400	3,570	3,835	35	20	15
Côte d'Ivoire	6,240	3,030	3,210	10	0	0
Egypt	16,115	8,445	7,665	315	145	165
Eritrea	6,050	3,195	2,855	525	260	270
Ethiopia	7,510	3,625	3,890	325	160	165
Morocco	15,105	7,470	7,635	20	10	10
Nigeria	17,285	8,850	8,435	170	95	70
Somalia	5,335	2,600	2,730	210	100	115
South Africa, Republic of	5,765	2,935	2,830	140	60	80
Tunisia	6,700	3,475	3,230	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Africa	41,855	20,905	20,950	485	250	240
Asia	748,700	352,095	396,610	13,890	6,575	7,315
Afghanistan	9,240	4,530	4,710	305	115	190
Bangladesh	12,900	6,445	6,460	210	95	115
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	129,020	57,745	71,270	2,130	975	1,150
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	4,975	2,090	2,880	30	10	20
India	147,190	75,145	72,045	2,770	1,480	1,295
IranCensus data footnote 61	42,070	20,580	21,490	630	330	295
Iraq	20,665	10,345	10,320	925	525	400
Israel	4,740	2,615	2,130	110	70	40
Japan	4,905	1,250	3,655	60	20	45
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	21,710	9,630	12,075	210	85	125
Lebanon	9,375	4,980	4,400	105	45	65
Nepal	7,505	3,780	3,715	160	60	95
Pakistan	41,480	20,530	20,945	905	425	480
Philippines	188,810	83,050	105,760	2,035	820	1,215
Saudi Arabia	5,465	2,820	2,640	150	100	50
Sri Lanka	11,495	5,190	6,305	225	85	135
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	29,945	15,245	14,700	1,275	635	645
Taiwan	4,310	1,685	2,625	85	45	45
Turkey	4,255	2,365	1,890	100	65	35
United Arab Emirates	6,135	3,220	2,910	75	30	45
Viet Nam	11,210	4,500	6,705	465	190	270
Other places of birth in Asia	31,320	14,345	16,970	915	365	550
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	7,955	4,670	3,280	100	75	25
Australia	4,965	2,950	2,010	70	40	25
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	2,990	1,720	1,270	30	35	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	34,460,060	16,971,575	17,488,485	1,278,730	631,345	647,390
First generationCensus data footnote 69	8,219,555	3,936,045	4,283,505	245,900	119,580	126,320
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	6,100,725	3,053,075	3,047,650	258,900	129,330	129,565
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	20,139,790	9,982,460	10,157,330	773,935	382,435	391,495
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	5,703,615	2,709,530	2,994,085	144,280	69,745	74,530
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	2,994,130	1,496,240	1,497,885	63,050	32,550	30,500
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	1,220,755	755,370	465,380	23,525	16,505	7,030
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	1,773,380	740,870	1,032,510	39,520	16,045	23,470
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	1,782,490	728,085	1,054,400	46,135	18,640	27,495
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	858,845	453,675	405,175	33,780	17,945	15,835
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	68,145	31,530	36,615	1,320	615	700
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	1,278,730	631,345	647,390
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	1,673,785	813,520	860,265	35,485	17,015	18,475
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	1,629,805	792,970	836,835	34,085	16,385	17,700
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	977,235	471,510	505,725	18,340	8,660	9,675
Métis	587,545	289,435	298,115	15,380	7,550	7,830
Inuk (Inuit)	65,030	32,030	32,995	375	180	195
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	21,310	10,165	11,145	675	335	330
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	22,670	10,385	12,290	730	290	435
Non-Aboriginal identity	32,786,280	16,158,060	16,628,225	1,243,240	614,325	628,915
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490	1,278,730	631,340	647,385
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	820,120	395,670	424,445	10,910	5,130	5,780
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	33,639,945	16,575,905	17,064,040	1,267,825	626,215	641,615
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,490	1,278,735	631,345	647,390
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	727,790	356,970	370,815	6,405	3,150	3,255
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	709,235	347,985	361,245	6,285	3,080	3,205
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	573,215	280,040	293,180	4,475	2,145	2,330
Métis single ancestry	91,255	45,740	45,515	1,720	890	835
Inuit single ancestry	44,765	22,210	22,555	90	45	45
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	18,555	8,985	9,565	125	70	50
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15,140	7,305	7,835	120	65	55
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	2,470	1,205	1,265	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	770	390	380	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	170	85	85	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	1,402,735	669,710	733,025	46,745	22,175	24,570
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	1,347,610	644,210	703,400	45,585	21,655	23,935
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	881,455	418,215	463,235	30,390	14,385	16,005
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	441,000	213,940	227,065	14,550	6,950	7,595
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25,155	12,045	13,105	645	315	335
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	55,125	25,505	29,625	1,160	520	635
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	49,325	22,740	26,585	1,045	470	575
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,470	1,655	1,815	80	45	40
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,005	940	1,065	30	10	20
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	325	170	160	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	32,329,545	15,944,900	16,384,645	1,225,580	606,020	619,560
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	1,278,730	631,345	647,385
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	7,674,580	3,725,090	3,949,495	166,375	82,960	83,415
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	1,924,635	977,690	946,945	42,565	22,315	20,250
Chinese	1,577,060	746,400	830,665	24,865	12,085	12,780
Black	1,198,540	580,070	618,475	27,165	13,950	13,215
Filipino	780,125	341,800	438,330	10,380	4,350	6,020
Latin American	447,325	215,460	231,860	15,065	7,300	7,765
Arab	523,235	276,425	246,810	9,085	4,730	4,350
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	313,260	148,880	164,385	13,275	6,465	6,810
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	264,305	133,475	130,825	7,085	3,550	3,540
Korean	188,710	89,110	99,600	3,895	1,925	1,975
Japanese	92,920	40,105	52,815	1,685	750	930
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	132,090	62,540	69,550	5,195	2,525	2,675
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	232,375	113,140	119,230	6,125	3,020	3,100
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	26,785,480	13,246,485	13,539,000	1,112,360	548,380	563,970
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	1,278,730	631,340	647,390
North American Aboriginal origins	2,130,520	1,026,675	1,103,840	53,150	25,325	27,825
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,525,570	731,410	794,155	36,115	17,115	19,000
Inuit	79,130	38,695	40,435	855	415	440
Métis	599,995	291,310	308,690	17,470	8,390	9,080
Other North American origins	11,628,535	5,745,695	5,882,835	393,565	194,175	199,395
Acadian	119,675	57,805	61,865	1,625	755	875
American	377,405	182,690	194,715	15,135	7,460	7,675
Canadian	11,135,965	5,501,595	5,634,370	381,555	188,380	193,175
New Brunswicker	1,490	800	685	20	10	10
Newfoundlander	22,215	11,420	10,800	2,355	1,180	1,180
Nova Scotian	3,700	1,770	1,930	225	105	120
Ontarian	3,925	1,980	1,945	210	100	115
Québécois	194,560	99,320	95,235	455	235	225
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	1,895	950	945	65	35	30
European origins	19,683,320	9,687,715	9,995,605	949,320	465,865	483,450
British Isles origins	11,211,850	5,474,735	5,737,115	631,120	306,615	324,505
Channel Islander	3,595	1,740	1,855	95	50	45
Cornish	1,975	995	975	70	35	35
English	6,320,085	3,069,515	3,250,570	370,000	178,770	191,235
Irish	4,627,000	2,195,620	2,431,385	264,805	124,920	139,885
Manx	6,125	3,090	3,040	335	150	185
Scottish	4,799,005	2,323,390	2,475,620	278,755	134,155	144,600
Welsh	474,805	226,600	248,210	25,955	12,210	13,745
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	644,695	307,090	337,610	41,110	19,460	21,650
French origins	4,680,820	2,283,480	2,397,340	130,070	61,525	68,550
Alsatian	2,800	1,300	1,495	420	180	240
Breton	11,845	5,765	6,080	15	10	0
Corsican	1,750	950	805	35	20	15
French	4,670,595	2,278,430	2,392,165	129,680	61,360	68,325
Western European origins (except French origins)	4,600,855	2,258,095	2,342,760	283,300	139,025	144,275
Austrian	207,050	100,775	106,275	9,695	4,935	4,760
Bavarian	940	485	455	35	30	10
Belgian	186,665	91,395	95,270	4,870	2,380	2,490
Dutch	1,111,655	546,565	565,090	71,730	35,295	36,440
Flemish	11,685	5,730	5,960	420	210	205
Frisian	4,590	2,395	2,195	345	155	190
German	3,322,405	1,626,785	1,695,615	207,565	101,545	106,020
Luxembourger	3,915	2,025	1,890	155	100	60
Swiss	155,120	76,935	78,185	14,635	7,180	7,450
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	3,365	1,645	1,720	80	55	25
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,201,320	579,005	622,315	27,955	13,540	14,410
Danish	207,470	100,660	106,810	6,595	3,150	3,440
Finnish	143,645	69,045	74,600	6,730	3,385	3,340
Icelandic	101,795	49,875	51,915	1,295	605	695
Norwegian	463,275	223,075	240,200	6,855	3,335	3,520
Swedish	349,645	163,545	186,095	6,640	3,090	3,550
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	52,780	26,965	25,820	1,665	905	765
Eastern European origins	3,431,245	1,666,740	1,764,505	135,345	65,810	69,530
Bulgarian	34,565	16,935	17,625	960	455	505
Byelorussian	20,710	10,190	10,515	665	310	355
Czech	104,580	51,555	53,030	5,180	2,615	2,565
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	40,715	19,235	21,480	1,640	735	905
Estonian	24,530	11,715	12,815	1,515	715	800
Hungarian	348,085	170,040	178,045	18,230	9,160	9,070
Latvian	30,725	14,920	15,805	1,895	945	950
Lithuanian	59,285	28,745	30,535	2,920	1,465	1,455
Moldovan	14,915	7,265	7,650	225	85	135
Polish	1,106,585	533,830	572,750	53,545	25,970	27,570
Romanian	238,050	114,705	123,345	13,150	6,200	6,955
Russian	622,445	297,600	324,850	15,030	7,205	7,820
Slovak	72,285	35,360	36,925	4,045	2,065	1,985
Ukrainian	1,359,655	663,560	696,095	35,280	16,920	18,355
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	20,415	9,895	10,520	415	200	215
Southern European origins	3,012,375	1,494,605	1,517,775	155,400	78,965	76,435
Albanian	36,185	18,385	17,800	1,515	830	685
Bosnian	26,740	13,320	13,420	1,670	830	835
Catalan	1,280	740	535	10	10	10
Croatian	133,970	67,825	66,140	8,050	4,050	4,005
Cypriot	5,650	2,850	2,795	785	410	380
Greek	271,410	137,405	134,005	9,160	4,580	4,575
Italian	1,587,965	794,525	793,445	73,455	37,815	35,645
Kosovar	2,865	1,470	1,395	120	65	55
Macedonian	43,110	21,650	21,460	2,200	1,055	1,145
Maltese	41,920	20,955	20,965	3,635	1,830	1,805
Montenegrin	4,160	2,180	1,985	265	135	130
Portuguese	482,605	239,360	243,250	37,425	19,170	18,260
Serbian	96,530	49,095	47,440	9,030	4,620	4,410
Sicilian	6,940	3,500	3,435	395	210	185
Slovenian	40,470	20,105	20,365	3,050	1,540	1,505
Spanish	396,460	184,520	211,945	12,625	5,840	6,780
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	38,480	18,620	19,860	2,740	1,290	1,450
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	2,170	1,030	1,135	85	45	40
Other European origins	226,695	115,110	111,580	5,565	2,780	2,790
Basque	6,965	3,690	3,275	145	65	80
Jewish	143,660	72,625	71,035	3,015	1,540	1,475
Roma (Gypsy)	4,630	2,195	2,440	120	55	65
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	4,870	2,560	2,310	180	90	90
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	67,890	34,730	33,160	2,140	1,050	1,090
Caribbean origins	749,155	349,810	399,345	21,645	10,900	10,745
Antiguan	4,500	2,115	2,385	130	55	80
Bahamian	3,675	1,915	1,760	200	95	105
Barbadian	37,780	17,745	20,035	1,710	895	820
Bermudan	3,075	1,435	1,640	255	95	160
Carib	3,030	1,175	1,860	120	70	45
Cuban	29,065	13,800	15,270	1,095	505	590
Dominican	23,130	11,000	12,125	475	295	185
Grenadian	17,915	7,835	10,080	370	170	195
Guadeloupean	1,125	515	605	10	10	0
Haitian	165,095	76,460	88,635	275	130	140
Jamaican	309,485	145,080	164,410	11,625	5,885	5,740
Kittitian/Nevisian	2,915	1,460	1,460	110	55	55
Martinican	2,010	900	1,110	0	0	10
Montserratan	930	460	470	40	25	15
Puerto Rican	3,405	1,645	1,765	130	50	75
St. Lucian	8,985	4,095	4,890	255	145	105
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	78,965	37,325	41,635	3,160	1,575	1,585
Vincentian/Grenadinian	17,420	7,475	9,945	390	185	200
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	70,270	31,625	38,645	2,385	1,145	1,245
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	26,830	12,520	14,310	565	320	250
Latin, Central and South American origins	674,640	325,210	349,430	24,520	11,825	12,690
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	22,725	10,875	11,850	725	350	375
Arawak	1,440	610	830	60	40	15
Argentinian	20,680	10,130	10,545	890	430	465
Belizean	1,755	915	845	20	20	10
Bolivian	5,055	2,480	2,580	105	55	55
Brazilian	36,830	17,380	19,455	1,460	670	790
Chilean	45,190	22,280	22,910	875	400	475
Colombian	96,325	45,590	50,735	3,295	1,495	1,800
Costa Rican	5,535	2,680	2,855	160	75	90
Ecuadorian	25,405	11,995	13,415	1,335	675	665
Guatemalan	26,275	13,360	12,915	1,025	515	515
Guyanese	84,275	39,530	44,745	4,425	2,165	2,255
Hispanic	11,055	5,380	5,670	510	255	260
Honduran	10,650	5,235	5,415	240	140	105
Maya	6,285	3,350	2,940	200	115	75
Mexican	128,485	62,890	65,595	3,585	1,735	1,860
Nicaraguan	13,705	6,650	7,055	720	375	340
Panamanian	4,700	2,210	2,495	160	85	75
Paraguayan	4,325	2,165	2,160	55	10	45
Peruvian	42,145	19,645	22,505	925	495	430
Salvadorean	66,220	32,960	33,255	3,180	1,500	1,675
Uruguayan	6,795	3,390	3,410	410	205	200
Venezuelan	26,345	12,220	14,125	565	250	320
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	28,455	13,930	14,525	1,150	545	600
African origins	1,067,930	539,805	528,120	20,860	10,620	10,235
Central and West African origins	230,110	118,040	112,070	2,635	1,495	1,150
Akan	1,955	1,090	870	25	10	15
Angolan	2,960	1,475	1,480	60	30	25
Ashanti	1,585	855	735	15	10	10
Beninese	4,995	2,670	2,320	25	15	15
Burkinabe	3,150	1,665	1,485	0	0	0
Cameroonian	24,615	12,390	12,230	85	25	60
Chadian	1,845	955	885	0	10	0
Congolese	38,365	18,925	19,440	300	160	140
Edo	1,945	1,095	855	10	10	0
Ewe	845	470	375	0	0	0
Gabonese	1,405	660	750	0	0	0
Gambian	975	495	475	20	15	0
Ghanaian	35,495	17,720	17,770	555	290	260
Guinean	7,240	3,785	3,455	45	25	25
Ibo	5,315	2,850	2,470	75	30	45
Ivorian	10,935	5,485	5,450	10	10	0
Liberian	2,485	1,130	1,360	100	50	50
Malian	4,490	2,280	2,210	10	10	10
Malinké	1,125	585	535	0	0	0
Nigerian	51,835	27,025	24,805	1,080	630	450
Peulh	2,435	1,270	1,170	10	0	10
Senegalese	10,175	5,500	4,670	10	0	0
Sierra Leonean	2,620	1,330	1,295	50	30	25
Togolese	5,300	2,870	2,430	0	0	0
Wolof	840	495	345	0	0	0
Yoruba	9,585	5,075	4,515	230	135	95
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	15,380	7,940	7,445	175	95	80
North African origins	355,045	185,775	169,270	4,955	2,625	2,320
Algerian	67,335	34,755	32,580	250	135	110
Berber	37,060	19,685	17,375	45	15	25
Coptic	3,535	1,860	1,680	90	40	45
Dinka	900	500	400	10	0	0
Egyptian	99,140	51,730	47,410	2,785	1,475	1,315
Libyan	7,740	4,135	3,605	230	130	95
Maure	1,190	655	535	10	0	10
Moroccan	103,940	54,005	49,945	410	235	170
Sudanese	19,960	10,315	9,645	1,165	600	575
Tunisian	25,645	13,985	11,665	65	40	25
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	6,115	3,320	2,795	55	30	20
Southern and East African origins	260,145	128,325	131,815	8,030	3,965	4,065
Afrikaner	1,870	955	915	45	20	20
Amhara	1,530	815	715	65	40	25
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	3,965	2,175	1,785	35	20	15
Burundian	10,990	5,405	5,580	35	10	30
Djiboutian	1,710	790	920	10	0	10
Eritrean	25,255	12,830	12,430	1,725	870	850
Ethiopian	44,065	21,680	22,385	1,750	835	910
Harari	665	355	305	0	0	0
Kenyan	10,915	5,230	5,685	295	160	135
Malagasy	4,500	2,175	2,325	0	0	0
Mauritian	9,325	4,655	4,665	110	65	45
Oromo	3,350	1,745	1,605	35	20	20
Rwandan	10,775	5,065	5,705	135	50	90
Seychellois	1,285	575	710	15	10	10
Somali	62,550	30,215	32,330	1,690	880	810
South African	41,375	20,575	20,800	1,595	735	860
Tanzanian	4,710	2,400	2,310	65	40	25
Tigrian	2,155	1,160	995	140	80	60
Ugandan	5,705	2,875	2,830	80	30	55
Zambian	1,860	935	920	20	10	10
Zimbabwean	8,090	3,975	4,110	270	110	160
Zulu	945	475	475	10	0	10
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	17,305	8,445	8,860	395	190	205
Other African origins	239,560	116,400	123,165	5,765	2,790	2,975
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	30,385	14,015	16,370	750	320	435
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	212,005	103,790	108,215	5,040	2,490	2,555
Asian origins	6,095,235	2,958,120	3,137,115	129,380	64,200	65,175
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,011,145	518,170	492,980	25,605	12,955	12,655
Afghan	83,995	42,320	41,675	3,665	1,750	1,910
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	111,400	58,930	52,475	2,010	1,110	900
Armenian	63,810	31,505	32,305	2,000	1,030	965
Assyrian	13,835	7,115	6,720	435	230	210
Azerbaijani	6,425	3,230	3,200	210	100	115
Georgian	4,775	2,430	2,345	105	35	70
Hazara	1,515	810	705	60	35	20
Iranian	210,405	106,565	103,840	4,010	2,075	1,935
Iraqi	70,925	35,965	34,955	2,230	1,150	1,080
Israeli	28,735	15,065	13,675	550	280	270
Jordanian	14,250	7,520	6,735	515	265	255
Kazakh	3,330	1,615	1,710	80	30	50
Kurd	16,315	8,810	7,515	840	435	405
Kuwaiti	2,235	1,185	1,055	55	30	30
Kyrgyz	1,060	510	550	15	0	20
Lebanese	219,555	112,970	106,590	3,365	1,600	1,765
Palestinian	44,820	23,900	20,920	1,305	680	630
Pashtun	4,810	2,565	2,245	380	180	200
Saudi Arabian	6,810	3,935	2,880	220	125	95
Syrian	77,045	38,445	38,600	2,145	1,085	1,060
Tajik	2,905	1,410	1,495	220	110	110
Tatar	4,825	2,155	2,670	65	40	25
Turk	63,955	32,855	31,100	2,385	1,245	1,145
Turkmen	1,040	540	500	70	30	45
Uighur	1,555	775	785	10	0	10
Uzbek	3,920	1,920	2,000	345	150	190
Yemeni	6,645	3,335	3,305	55	25	25
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	25,280	13,180	12,100	845	430	410
South Asian origins	1,963,330	993,595	969,735	44,600	23,150	21,450
Bangladeshi	45,940	23,645	22,300	920	505	420
Bengali	22,900	11,730	11,180	455	245	210
Bhutanese	3,600	1,765	1,835	240	125	110
East Indian	1,374,710	694,990	679,720	31,155	16,110	15,050
Goan	6,070	2,915	3,155	185	100	85
Gujarati	8,350	4,305	4,050	325	165	160
Kashmiri	3,115	1,605	1,510	55	30	30
Nepali	17,140	8,715	8,420	645	345	300
Pakistani	215,555	110,420	105,140	6,435	3,445	2,990
Punjabi	118,400	61,155	57,240	2,590	1,365	1,225
Sinhalese	7,285	3,605	3,685	385	185	205
Sri Lankan	152,595	75,010	77,585	2,130	1,065	1,065
Tamil	48,670	24,845	23,825	555	270	280
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	76,400	38,815	37,585	1,930	1,000	930
East and Southeast Asian origins	3,163,360	1,467,205	1,696,155	60,385	28,690	31,695
Burmese	9,335	4,535	4,795	760	385	380
Cambodian (Khmer)	38,490	18,515	19,980	1,215	560	655
Chinese	1,769,195	836,150	933,045	30,590	14,965	15,630
Filipino	837,130	369,105	468,025	11,455	4,885	6,570
Hmong	805	420	390	555	280	270
Indonesian	21,390	9,950	11,440	720	320	400
Japanese	121,485	53,415	68,070	2,375	1,065	1,315
Karen	4,510	2,275	2,240	85	50	40
Korean	198,210	93,680	104,525	4,070	2,025	2,045
Laotian	24,580	12,190	12,390	2,355	1,200	1,150
Malaysian	16,920	7,735	9,185	385	200	185
Mongolian	7,480	3,560	3,915	140	60	75
Singaporean	2,850	1,325	1,520	45	25	20
Taiwanese	36,510	16,570	19,945	540	260	280
Thai	19,010	7,330	11,680	730	355	375
Tibetan	8,040	4,055	3,985	35	20	10
Vietnamese	240,615	115,935	124,680	9,605	4,695	4,905
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	6,500	3,150	3,355	245	110	135
Other Asian origins	22,745	11,280	11,460	615	305	315
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	22,740	11,280	11,460	620	305	315
Oceania origins	85,470	43,030	42,440	2,100	1,100	995
Australian	42,315	21,710	20,605	1,360	705	655
New Zealander	15,395	8,065	7,330	480	275	205
Pacific Islands origins	29,485	14,240	15,250	265	125	135
Fijian	19,375	9,280	10,090	90	40	50
Hawaiian	3,295	1,500	1,795	65	30	35
Maori	2,500	1,310	1,195	20	10	15
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	1,530	725	805	30	15	10
Samoan	1,100	625	475	45	25	20
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	2,335	1,145	1,185	15	10	10
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	14,072,075	...	...	494,565	...	...
Owner	9,541,320	...	...	364,900	...	...
Renter	4,474,530	...	...	129,530	...	...
Band housing	56,230	...	...	135	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	14,072,075	...	...	494,570	...	...
Condominium	1,874,840	...	...	45,400	...	...
Not condominium	12,197,240	...	...	449,165	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	14,072,080	...	...	494,565	...	...
No bedrooms	93,345	...	...	1,170	...	...
1 bedroom	1,925,015	...	...	43,620	...	...
2 bedrooms	3,547,090	...	...	98,580	...	...
3 bedrooms	4,836,485	...	...	210,720	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,670,145	...	...	140,485	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	14,072,075	...	...	494,565	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	4,068,915	...	...	92,930	...	...
5 rooms	2,177,045	...	...	69,990	...	...
6 rooms	1,981,585	...	...	81,625	...	...
7 rooms	1,790,180	...	...	75,315	...	...
8 or more rooms	4,054,355	...	...	174,710	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	6.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	14,072,080	...	...	494,570	...	...
One person or fewer per room	13,802,060	...	...	489,285	...	...
More than 1 person per room	270,020	...	...	5,285	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	14,072,075	...	...	494,570	...	...
Suitable	13,376,345	...	...	476,275	...	...
Not suitable	695,730	...	...	18,295	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	14,072,080	...	...	494,565	...	...
1960 or before	3,126,380	...	...	98,295	...	...
1961 to 1980	4,185,510	...	...	128,550	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,977,640	...	...	71,810	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,746,390	...	...	74,660	...	...
2001 to 2005	976,390	...	...	47,980	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,089,750	...	...	39,750	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	970,015	...	...	33,525	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	14,072,080	...	...	494,570	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	13,151,600	...	...	468,620	...	...
Major repairs needed	920,480	...	...	25,945	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	14,072,080	...	...	494,565	...	...
1 household maintainer	8,324,865	...	...	267,955	...	...
2 household maintainers	5,404,800	...	...	214,100	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	342,415	...	...	12,510	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	14,072,080	...	...	494,565	...	...
15 to 24 years	437,230	...	...	13,870	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,991,685	...	...	68,255	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,414,920	...	...	86,110	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,862,870	...	...	107,185	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,859,315	...	...	98,805	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,034,220	...	...	69,140	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,084,700	...	...	37,605	...	...
85 years and over	387,135	...	...	13,595	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	13,798,305	...	...	488,655	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	10,472,355	...	...	370,195	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,325,950	...	...	118,460	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,861,615	...	...	104,330	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	9,368,330	...	...	359,945	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	60.7	...	...	64.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	16.6	...	...	17.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,130	...	...	1,360	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,313	...	...	1,414	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	341,556	...	...	375,567	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	443,058	...	...	418,737	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,452,850	...	...	129,250	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	13.0	...	...	12.5	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	40.0	...	...	44.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	910	...	...	1,012	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,002	...	...	1,072	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,580	1,054,095	516,380	537,720
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,239,575	2,667,995	2,571,585	197,875	101,795	96,070
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	7,576,400	3,686,630	3,889,770	312,895	155,205	157,690
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,230	543,330	259,375	283,955
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,800,260	1,906,610	893,650	73,725	53,915	19,810
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,549,880	880,365	669,515	33,390	20,825	12,570
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	1,250,385	1,026,250	224,140	40,330	33,090	7,240
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,553,825	2,326,940	3,226,890	238,320	101,475	136,845
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	813,335	331,940	481,395	18,210	8,460	9,750
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,659,615	3,070,315	3,589,300	213,085	95,530	117,550
Bachelor's degree	4,443,835	1,967,905	2,475,935	145,665	62,320	83,345
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	462,295	203,725	258,570	13,840	5,820	8,020
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	190,925	102,530	88,395	5,275	3,025	2,250
Master's degree	1,331,045	651,510	679,535	39,395	18,560	20,840
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	231,510	144,640	86,870	8,905	5,805	3,100
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	691,850	338,850	353,005
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,169,790	1,200,110	969,685	80,370	44,745	35,630
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	4,494,585	2,247,020	2,247,565	190,660	97,195	93,470
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,267,005	5,821,425	6,445,580	420,825	196,915	223,910
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,042,430	1,377,775	664,650	51,525	37,800	13,730
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,145,035	639,785	505,250	23,345	14,595	8,745
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	897,390	737,990	159,405	28,180	23,205	4,980
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,241,985	1,786,065	2,455,920	187,210	80,120	107,090
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	580,885	240,040	340,850	12,530	5,960	6,570
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	5,401,705	2,417,555	2,984,155	169,555	73,030	96,520
Bachelor's degree	3,590,080	1,562,160	2,027,925	114,780	47,875	66,900
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	362,455	151,205	211,250	10,820	4,195	6,630
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	153,290	74,440	78,855	4,165	2,110	2,050
Master's degree	1,120,190	527,335	592,850	32,885	14,595	18,280
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	175,685	102,415	73,275	6,910	4,255	2,660
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	1,054,095	516,380	537,715
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	12,815,980	6,354,625	6,461,350	510,760	257,000	253,765
Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,800	31,900	7,470	24,430
13. Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,805	31,900	7,470	24,435
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	596,230	268,050	328,180	20,115	8,490	11,625
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	99,020	72,865	26,150	3,425	2,505	920
50. Visual and performing arts	497,210	195,185	302,025	16,690	5,985	10,710
Humanities	850,840	330,490	520,345	30,200	11,400	18,795
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	98,000	22,100	75,900	2,205	465	1,740
23. English language and literature/letters	178,590	52,785	125,810	8,030	2,175	5,855
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	275,525	104,135	171,390	6,890	2,310	4,580
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	4,160	1,640	2,520	195	70	130
38. Philosophy and religious studies	51,930	30,185	21,750	2,365	1,255	1,110
39. Theology and religious vocations	77,490	46,285	31,200	3,645	2,155	1,495
54. History	111,465	59,965	51,500	5,405	2,770	2,635
55. French language and literature/letters	53,680	13,400	40,290	1,450	195	1,255
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,761,900	586,455	1,175,445	65,545	19,370	46,170
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	24,685	5,660	19,025	795	185	605
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	182,275	68,030	114,245	6,015	2,275	3,745
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	324,660	26,065	298,595	14,315	1,030	13,280
22. Legal professions and studies	289,600	102,660	186,945	8,770	2,285	6,490
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	35,445	8,150	27,295	1,485	275	1,210
42. Psychology	281,470	71,230	210,230	11,770	2,865	8,900
45. Social sciences	623,775	304,660	319,110	22,400	10,455	11,945
Business, management and public administration	3,360,045	1,272,475	2,087,565	101,370	38,140	63,230
30.16 Accounting and computer science	6,190	1,850	4,340	245	40	210
44. Public administration and social service professions	237,835	48,815	189,015	9,540	1,660	7,885
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,116,025	1,221,805	1,894,215	91,585	36,450	55,140
Physical and life sciences and technologies	614,280	315,665	298,615	20,955	10,165	10,790
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	249,955	105,560	144,400	9,650	3,965	5,685
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	125,600	61,685	63,915	4,485	2,105	2,375
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	28,155	12,625	15,530	305	75	230
40. Physical sciences	179,305	122,815	56,485	5,590	3,695	1,900
41. Science technologies/technicians	31,270	12,980	18,290	925	315	605
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	651,480	420,370	231,110	21,695	14,045	7,655
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	514,685	356,435	158,250	15,260	10,555	4,700
25. Library science	40,820	6,495	34,320	1,200	195	1,010
27. Mathematics and statistics	86,655	50,930	35,725	4,675	2,895	1,785
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	9,325	6,510	2,815	555	395	160
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,327,405	3,022,700	304,700	117,395	107,890	9,510
04. Architecture and related services	114,315	72,880	41,435	3,925	2,535	1,395
14. Engineering	752,465	615,880	136,585	22,080	18,280	3,795
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	620,065	551,855	68,205	25,760	23,220	2,540
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	410	85	325	0	0	10
46. Construction trades	702,155	682,710	19,445	22,265	21,760	500
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	731,135	709,430	21,705	25,785	25,205	585
48. Precision production	406,855	389,850	17,005	17,575	16,890	695
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	339,050	219,040	120,010	13,100	8,085	5,020
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	205,930	127,925	78,005	8,390	5,195	3,190
03. Natural resources and conservation	133,120	91,115	42,005	4,715	2,885	1,830
Health and related fields	2,266,720	441,180	1,825,545	82,200	14,470	67,735
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	164,295	81,260	83,040	8,865	4,055	4,810
51. Health professions and related programs	2,047,680	329,010	1,718,670	72,040	9,620	62,420
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	54,740	30,910	23,830	1,295	795	505
Personal, protective and transportation services	995,825	507,200	488,630	38,355	19,815	18,545
12. Personal and culinary services	565,555	151,530	414,025	18,945	4,765	14,185
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	3,505	3,080	420	85	75	15
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	7,900	7,230	670	255	210	50
43. Security and protective services	206,745	150,540	56,205	12,935	9,165	3,775
49. Transportation and materials moving	212,125	194,810	17,315	6,135	5,605	525
Other	3,170	885	2,280	495	50	445
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	3,170	890	2,280	500	45	450
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	18,931,385	9,268,555	9,662,825	691,850	338,845	353,005
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	6,664,380	3,447,130	3,217,250	271,030	141,935	129,095
Education	727,515	160,315	567,205	22,825	5,040	17,785
13. Education	727,515	160,315	567,200	22,825	5,035	17,785
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	467,905	208,365	259,545	15,535	6,360	9,175
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	74,530	53,995	20,535	2,440	1,780	655
50. Visual and performing arts	393,375	154,370	239,005	13,095	4,580	8,520
Humanities	614,815	232,425	382,390	22,065	8,050	14,010
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	76,540	16,200	60,340	1,640	265	1,375
23. English language and literature/letters	133,800	38,310	95,485	6,060	1,580	4,480
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	191,005	71,770	119,235	5,005	1,700	3,310
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	3,140	1,250	1,895	145	45	95
38. Philosophy and religious studies	37,870	21,930	15,940	1,695	925	775
39. Theology and religious vocations	52,295	31,200	21,090	2,420	1,415	1,005
54. History	82,565	43,475	39,085	4,065	2,040	2,030
55. French language and literature/letters	37,600	8,285	29,315	1,030	85	940
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,417,625	453,100	964,525	52,035	14,480	37,555
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20,300	4,595	15,705	625	145	475
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	152,080	56,125	95,955	5,020	1,875	3,145
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	259,845	19,160	240,685	11,335	700	10,630
22. Legal professions and studies	241,170	76,720	164,445	7,460	1,640	5,820
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	27,310	6,390	20,920	1,155	205	950
42. Psychology	218,470	51,570	166,900	8,960	1,975	6,985
45. Social sciences	498,450	238,540	259,915	17,480	7,930	9,550
Business, management and public administration	2,696,770	1,000,895	1,695,875	80,590	29,470	51,115
30.16 Accounting and computer science	4,955	1,480	3,475	210	30	175
44. Public administration and social service professions	192,190	36,890	155,305	7,895	1,270	6,625
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,499,625	962,530	1,537,095	72,480	28,165	44,315
Physical and life sciences and technologies	449,870	222,120	227,755	16,065	7,530	8,535
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	195,830	79,945	115,880	7,495	2,980	4,520
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	89,205	42,265	46,945	3,355	1,550	1,805
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	9,280	3,850	5,430	265	55	210
40. Physical sciences	132,935	87,025	45,905	4,255	2,710	1,540
41. Science technologies/technicians	22,625	9,035	13,590	695	230	460
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	567,415	368,840	198,575	18,505	12,035	6,470
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	464,000	321,805	142,190	13,560	9,375	4,185
25. Library science	29,955	4,870	25,080	885	120	770
27. Mathematics and statistics	65,620	36,895	28,725	3,575	2,195	1,375
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	7,840	5,270	2,575	485	345	140
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,532,555	2,271,735	260,820	89,380	81,240	8,140
04. Architecture and related services	93,135	57,280	35,850	3,220	2,005	1,215
14. Engineering	612,265	490,980	121,285	17,590	14,265	3,320
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	475,045	418,595	56,450	19,910	17,790	2,115
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	350	70	275	0	0	10
46. Construction trades	515,630	499,670	15,960	16,425	15,990	435
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	540,800	523,425	17,375	19,245	18,765	475
48. Precision production	295,335	281,715	13,620	12,985	12,425	565
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	269,445	167,680	101,770	10,105	5,935	4,170
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	159,975	94,680	65,295	6,355	3,710	2,650
03. Natural resources and conservation	109,470	73,000	36,470	3,745	2,225	1,520
Health and related fields	1,749,545	342,395	1,407,145	62,960	10,950	52,005
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	129,560	63,315	66,245	6,870	3,050	3,820
51. Health professions and related programs	1,576,945	256,895	1,320,050	55,090	7,365	47,730
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	43,040	22,185	20,860	995	535	465
Personal, protective and transportation services	770,950	392,820	378,135	30,380	15,765	14,610
12. Personal and culinary services	431,415	114,395	317,025	14,475	3,535	10,945
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	2,725	2,355	375	65	50	15
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	4,425	3,975	445	150	120	30
43. Security and protective services	162,995	116,750	46,240	10,680	7,465	3,215
49. Transportation and materials moving	169,400	155,340	14,050	5,000	4,595	415
Other	2,590	745	1,845	375	45	335
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	2,585	740	1,845	375	50	330
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,585	1,054,095	516,380	537,715
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,815,975	6,354,625	6,461,350	510,765	257,000	253,765
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,235	543,330	259,380	283,955
Location of study inside Canada	13,117,190	6,299,305	6,817,890	471,490	222,460	249,030
Same as province or territory of residence	11,519,215	5,503,640	6,015,575	444,185	209,420	234,770
Different than province or territory of residence	1,597,975	795,655	802,315	27,305	13,040	14,260
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	2,709,850	1,336,505	1,373,345	71,840	36,920	34,925
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	349,540	189,995	159,545	11,935	6,320	5,615
Philippines	298,830	109,820	189,020	3,480	1,030	2,450
India	281,415	142,410	138,995	6,640	3,475	3,170
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	232,035	131,050	100,980	10,265	6,195	4,065
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	205,375	94,690	110,685	4,280	2,035	2,245
France	88,860	50,400	38,455	435	230	205
Other	1,253,790	618,135	635,655	34,800	17,625	17,170
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	691,855	338,845	353,005
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,664,380	3,447,125	3,217,250	271,035	141,935	129,100
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	12,267,005	5,821,430	6,445,575	420,820	196,910	223,910
Location of study inside Canada	10,134,590	4,807,045	5,327,545	368,825	171,775	197,050
Same as province or territory of residence	8,918,160	4,207,495	4,710,665	347,940	161,735	186,200
Different than province or territory of residence	1,216,425	599,545	616,875	20,890	10,035	10,850
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	2,132,415	1,014,385	1,118,030	51,990	25,135	26,860
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	254,245	131,955	122,290	8,915	4,450	4,460
Philippines	263,095	96,025	167,065	3,090	900	2,195
India	239,535	117,445	122,090	5,380	2,675	2,710
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	133,655	73,575	60,085	4,985	2,860	2,120
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	175,825	79,635	96,190	3,605	1,695	1,910
France	72,920	40,610	32,310	295	150	145
Other	993,135	475,145	517,990	25,720	12,410	13,310
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,585	1,054,095	516,375	537,715
In the labour force	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,645	715,000	373,965	341,040
Employed	17,230,040	8,923,540	8,306,490	669,715	350,850	318,865
Unemployed	1,442,435	808,285	634,150	45,285	23,110	22,175
Not in the labour force	9,970,545	4,258,605	5,711,945	339,095	142,410	196,680
Participation rate	65.2	69.6	61.0	67.8	72.4	63.4
Employment rate	60.2	63.8	56.7	63.5	67.9	59.3
Unemployment rate	7.7	8.3	7.1	6.3	6.2	6.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,580	1,054,095	516,380	537,715
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	9,282,005	3,930,570	5,351,440	313,585	130,465	183,115
Worked	19,361,010	10,059,865	9,301,150	740,515	385,915	354,605
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	9,626,010	5,402,110	4,223,895	405,195	232,865	172,335
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	9,735,005	4,657,755	5,077,245	335,315	153,050	182,265
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.4	42.9	42.0	43.5	44.2	42.8
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	18,672,470	9,731,825	8,940,640	715,000	373,965	341,040
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,705	206,640	12,560	6,010	6,550
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000	702,445	367,955	334,490
Employee	16,073,685	8,158,745	7,914,940	621,560	318,465	303,090
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	2,194,440	1,375,380	819,060	80,885	49,490	31,395
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	18,672,470	9,731,830	8,940,645	715,000	373,965	341,040
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,710	206,640	12,560	6,010	6,545
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	18,268,120	9,534,120	8,734,005	702,445	367,955	334,485
0 Management occupations	2,013,370	1,251,165	762,205	77,970	48,190	29,780
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,874,305	862,870	2,011,440	98,950	27,345	71,600
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,273,660	990,560	283,105	46,205	36,265	9,940
3 Health occupations	1,245,885	244,730	1,001,155	41,835	6,835	35,005
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,138,445	672,945	1,465,495	79,785	26,255	53,530
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	557,275	255,705	301,570	18,050	7,730	10,315
6 Sales and service occupations	4,265,895	1,843,510	2,422,390	159,565	63,605	95,960
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,668,875	2,504,290	164,585	111,660	104,260	7,400
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	416,135	331,920	84,215	14,480	10,595	3,885
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	814,285	576,435	237,845	53,940	36,870	17,070
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,640	715,000	373,960	341,040
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,710	206,640	12,555	6,010	6,550
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000	702,440	367,950	334,490
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	444,680	310,000	134,675	13,335	8,165	5,170
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	271,300	219,880	51,420	1,420	1,225	200
22 Utilities	136,350	100,135	36,210	3,985	3,125	855
23 Construction	1,365,010	1,196,550	168,455	56,505	49,890	6,615
31-33 Manufacturing	1,596,570	1,149,745	446,820	101,390	72,750	28,640
41 Wholesale trade	665,685	451,230	214,455	28,915	20,015	8,905
44-45 Retail trade	2,110,200	984,090	1,126,115	79,825	36,455	43,370
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	876,050	656,375	219,670	30,180	21,985	8,200
51 Information and cultural industries	420,350	243,650	176,705	15,160	8,405	6,750
52 Finance and insurance	790,580	327,865	462,715	30,190	11,150	19,040
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	333,305	184,350	148,955	12,290	6,245	6,050
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,335,125	740,520	594,605	45,145	24,315	20,825
55 Management of companies and enterprises	28,795	12,795	16,000	965	460	505
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	802,420	462,825	339,590	32,045	18,055	13,995
61 Educational services	1,346,585	420,845	925,735	55,915	17,550	38,365
62 Health care and social assistance	2,138,025	383,755	1,754,270	70,850	10,360	60,490
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	379,740	192,875	186,865	15,010	7,610	7,400
72 Accommodation and food services	1,283,725	535,210	748,515	47,095	17,665	29,440
81 Other services (except public administration)	814,695	371,880	442,815	28,150	13,685	14,465
91 Public administration	1,128,945	589,530	539,405	34,060	18,855	15,200
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	17,230,035	8,923,540	8,306,495	669,715	350,855	318,865
Worked at home	1,272,285	639,500	632,785	50,500	24,240	26,260
Worked outside Canada	78,815	54,235	24,580	2,275	1,535	745
No fixed workplace address	1,987,260	1,487,445	499,820	75,095	56,230	18,860
Worked at usual place	13,891,675	6,742,360	7,149,315	541,850	268,850	272,995
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	13,891,680	6,742,365	7,149,315	541,850	268,850	272,995
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	8,102,115	3,723,115	4,379,005	243,800	108,520	135,280
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,906,390	1,435,640	1,470,750	167,395	83,110	84,285
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,725,205	1,492,170	1,233,030	129,095	76,305	52,790
Commute to a different province or territory	157,970	91,445	66,525	1,560	920	640
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135	616,945	325,085	291,860
Car, truck, van - as a driver	11,748,095	6,380,120	5,367,975	509,305	275,185	234,115
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	868,920	349,855	519,065	41,670	19,225	22,445
Public transit	1,968,215	846,735	1,121,485	27,130	11,695	15,435
Walked	877,985	392,950	485,030	27,710	12,210	15,500
Bicycle	222,130	146,615	75,515	5,620	4,100	1,520
Other method	193,595	113,525	80,060	5,505	2,665	2,840
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	15,878,945	8,229,810	7,649,130	616,945	325,080	291,860
Less than 15 minutes	4,449,920	2,071,365	2,378,555	189,115	86,755	102,365
15 to 29 minutes	5,314,295	2,725,165	2,589,130	213,840	106,340	107,500
30 to 44 minutes	3,228,845	1,782,680	1,446,165	96,960	54,950	42,005
45 to 59 minutes	1,391,060	768,115	622,940	47,575	29,385	18,190
60 minutes and over	1,494,830	882,485	612,345	69,455	47,655	21,795
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135	616,945	325,080	291,860
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,073,680	781,230	292,455	56,025	40,870	15,150
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,814,750	1,754,045	1,060,710	112,880	73,055	39,830
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	4,458,835	2,217,210	2,241,620	148,975	75,585	73,390
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,349,975	1,408,710	1,941,265	128,675	51,255	77,415
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,756,265	752,940	1,003,325	61,595	24,750	36,850
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,425,435	1,315,670	1,109,765	108,800	59,575	49,225
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	19,956,255	10,342,970	9,613,285	761,890	396,075	365,820
Single responses	19,365,980	10,042,855	9,323,130	757,210	394,010	363,200
Official languages	19,090,545	9,897,470	9,193,075	751,080	390,800	360,280
English	15,265,335	7,952,010	7,313,320	748,070	390,090	357,975
French	3,825,215	1,945,465	1,879,750	3,015	710	2,305
Non-official languages	275,430	145,380	130,055	6,125	3,205	2,925
Aboriginal languages	24,950	12,385	12,565	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	14,440	7,370	7,070	0	10	10
Blackfoot	80	45	35	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	11,540	5,820	5,720	0	0	0
Atikamekw	1,095	580	515	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	2,055	970	1,085	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	370	180	190	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	40	25	10	0	0	0
Plains Cree	95	60	35	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	15	10	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	75	35	40	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	7,795	3,965	3,835	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	925	510	420	0	0	0
Malecite	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	915	505	410	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	1,895	995	900	10	0	0
Algonquin	45	20	25	0	0	0
Ojibway	765	380	385	10	0	0
Oji-Cree	1,080	595	485	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	1,140	530	610	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	1,135	525	610	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	20	0	15	0	0	0
Chilcotin	20	0	10	0	0	0
Dene	770	360	405	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	165	80	80	0	0	0
Gwich'in	10	10	10	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	135	65	70	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	95	45	45	0	0	0
South Slavey	35	20	20	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages	8,845	4,255	4,595	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	35	10	25	0	0	0
Inuktitut	8,800	4,240	4,555	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Cayuga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	35	10	25	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	10	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	110	25	85	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lillooet	15	10	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	20	10	20	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	35	0	30	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	15	0	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	260	155	105	0	0	0
Dakota	20	10	10	0	0	0
Stoney	240	145	95	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	10	10	10	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	25	0	20	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nisga'a	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	30	15	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	250,485	132,990	117,490	6,125	3,205	2,920
Afro-Asiatic languages	7,380	4,530	2,850	205	140	65
Berber languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Kabyle	20	0	20	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	15	10	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	275	105	170	10	0	0
Bilen	10	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	45	25	20	0	0	0
Somali	220	80	145	0	0	10
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	7,065	4,420	2,650	200	140	60
Amharic	200	95	100	0	0	0
Arabic	5,585	3,695	1,890	145	110	40
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	205	155	55	10	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	30	20	15	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	825	335	490	30	25	0
Maltese	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	135	70	60	10	0	10
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	8,550	3,790	4,760	225	95	125
Khmer (Cambodian)	475	230	245	10	10	0
Vietnamese	8,070	3,560	4,510	215	90	120
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	3,850	1,750	2,095	50	30	15
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	75	20	55	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	25	0	15	0	0	0
Ilocano	110	50	60	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	140	75	65	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	3,450	1,580	1,875	40	35	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	40	25	15	0	0	0
Creole languages	350	125	225	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	25	10	15	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	315	110	200	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	2,225	1,060	1,165	20	0	20
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	90	50	45	0	0	0
Tamil	2,090	1,005	1,080	20	0	20
Telugu	45	10	35	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	85,550	47,305	38,245	4,225	2,225	2,000
Albanian	350	220	125	20	15	0
Armenian	450	220	230	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10,075	4,745	5,330	340	135	200
Baltic languages	95	35	60	10	0	0
Latvian	40	10	25	0	0	10
Lithuanian	60	25	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages	9,980	4,710	5,270	335	140	195
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	155	90	65	10	10	0
Bulgarian	205	110	90	0	0	0
Croatian	220	130	95	0	0	0
Czech	70	40	30	0	0	0
Macedonian	95	45	55	0	10	0
Polish	2,500	1,265	1,235	125	50	75
Russian	4,850	2,135	2,720	105	35	75
Serbian	530	320	210	55	30	25
Serbo-Croatian	30	25	0	0	0	0
Slovak	100	60	40	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,210	485	725	35	15	25
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	15	15	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	13,285	7,455	5,835	2,700	1,375	1,320
Afrikaans	85	40	40	0	0	0
Danish	90	50	35	0	0	0
Dutch	1,165	630	540	295	145	145
Frisian	40	25	15	0	0	10
German	10,065	5,715	4,345	2,360	1,215	1,150
Icelandic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	65	30	40	10	0	10
Swedish	125	55	70	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	35	20	15	0	0	0
Yiddish	895	390	505	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	720	495	225	25	15	10
Greek	1,020	545	475	10	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages	37,330	21,140	16,190	375	185	195
Indo-Aryan languages	32,485	18,125	14,360	310	155	155
Bengali	530	275	245	10	0	10
Gujarati	880	300	585	30	10	20
Hindi	1,405	755	650	20	10	15
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	10	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	15	15	0	0	0
Nepali	195	95	100	15	0	10
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	27,870	15,945	11,920	170	110	65
Sindhi	35	10	30	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	40	25	20	0	0	0
Urdu	1,495	705	790	60	15	40
Iranian languages	4,820	3,000	1,815	70	30	35
Kurdish	185	150	40	15	10	0
Pashto	50	20	25	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	4,580	2,830	1,750	55	20	30
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	23,025	12,965	10,060	780	500	280
Catalan	30	10	20	0	0	0
Italian	1,705	895	805	65	40	25
Portuguese	7,490	4,795	2,695	375	260	115
Romanian	745	365	380	35	25	10
Spanish	13,030	6,885	6,145	300	180	115
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	10
Japanese	3,255	1,195	2,065	40	0	35
Kartvelian languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Georgian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Korean	12,150	6,260	5,885	210	105	100
Mongolic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	235	120	115	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	25	10	20	0	0	0
Bamanankan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	20	10	10	0	0	0
Igbo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	0	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	25	0	15	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	80	50	30	0	0	0
Wolof	10	0	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	0	15	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	20	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	1,920	740	1,180	115	35	80
American Sign Language	1,145	340	810	85	30	50
Quebec Sign Language	135	15	115	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	640	390	255	35	0	30
Sino-Tibetan languages	122,880	65,030	57,850	935	500	440
Chinese languages	122,610	64,880	57,730	935	495	435
Cantonese	58,815	30,485	28,340	220	125	100
Hakka	70	25	45	0	0	0
Mandarin	60,090	32,430	27,665	645	335	315
Min Dong	25	15	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	565	335	225	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	105	65	45	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	2,930	1,530	1,405	60	45	20
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	270	155	115	10	10	0
Burmese	75	35	35	0	0	0
Karenic languages	135	75	55	0	0	0
Tibetan	50	30	20	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	675	270	405	40	25	20
Lao	150	70	80	30	20	10
Thai	525	205	325	15	0	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	750	475	275	20	15	0
Azerbaijani	30	20	0	0	0	0
Turkish	685	435	255	15	10	10
Uyghur	15	15	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	15	10	0	0	10	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	595	270	325	30	15	20
Estonian	50	15	40	0	0	0
Finnish	105	40	65	0	0	10
Hungarian	435	225	215	25	15	15
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	80	45	35	10	10	0
Multiple responses	590,270	300,115	290,155	4,680	2,065	2,610
English and French	412,680	211,095	201,585	1,835	605	1,230
English and non-official language	154,285	77,870	76,420	2,770	1,425	1,340
French and non-official language	7,830	3,595	4,235	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15,475	7,565	7,915	70	35	45
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	19,956,250	10,342,970	9,613,290	761,890	396,075	365,815
None	17,456,725	9,056,235	8,400,490	735,385	383,495	351,885
English	1,259,225	661,460	597,765	4,765	1,995	2,770
French	705,780	349,035	356,745	9,710	4,020	5,690
Non-official language	496,565	257,455	239,105	11,605	6,390	5,225
Aboriginal	37,615	17,215	20,400	155	70	90
Non-Aboriginal	458,945	240,245	218,710	11,455	6,320	5,135
English and French	2,535	1,200	1,335	10	0	10
English and non-official language	18,040	8,765	9,280	65	25	40
French and non-official language	17,265	8,730	8,540	345	145	195
English, French and non-official language	115	90	30	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	34,091,785	16,783,745	17,308,035	1,264,850	624,605	640,250
Non-movers	29,644,795	14,593,190	15,051,605	1,096,245	541,480	554,760
Movers	4,446,990	2,190,555	2,256,435	168,610	83,115	85,490
Non-migrants	2,623,515	1,292,750	1,330,760	83,100	40,950	42,150
Migrants	1,823,475	897,805	925,670	85,510	42,170	43,340
Internal migrants	1,451,005	713,060	737,945	75,595	37,300	38,295
Intraprovincial migrants	1,189,525	580,895	608,630	69,675	34,315	35,360
Interprovincial migrants	261,475	132,160	129,315	5,920	2,985	2,935
External migrants	372,475	184,745	187,730	9,915	4,870	5,045
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	32,568,560	16,004,315	16,564,245	1,207,600	595,310	612,290
Non-movers	20,134,760	9,902,645	10,232,115	739,030	364,795	374,235
Movers	12,433,805	6,101,675	6,332,130	468,570	230,510	238,060
Non-migrants	6,755,630	3,314,730	3,440,905	222,360	109,295	113,060
Migrants	5,678,175	2,786,945	2,891,230	246,210	121,220	124,995
Internal migrants	4,296,720	2,104,325	2,192,395	215,390	105,905	109,490
Intraprovincial migrants	3,467,670	1,689,950	1,777,720	200,575	98,475	102,100
Interprovincial migrants	829,045	414,375	414,670	14,815	7,425	7,385
External migrants	1,381,460	682,625	698,835	30,820	15,315	15,505