Census Profile, 2016 Census
Canada [Country] and Québec [Census metropolitan area], Quebec

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Canada [Country]			Québec Quebec [Census metropolitan area]
	Data quality , Canada [Country]  Map : Canada [Country] Change geography 1			Data quality : Québec [Census metropolitan area], Quebec  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	35,151,728	...	...	800,296	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	33,476,688	...	...	767,310r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	5.0	...	...	4.3	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	15,412,443	...	...	382,308	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	14,072,079	...	...	361,891	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	3.9	...	...	234.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	8,965,588.85	...	...	3,408.70	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	35,151,730	17,264,200	17,887,530	800,295	390,780	409,520
0 to 14 years	5,839,565	2,992,920	2,846,645	124,495	63,425	61,065
0 to 4 years	1,898,790	973,030	925,760	42,760	21,925	20,835
5 to 9 years	2,018,130	1,034,685	983,445	43,985	22,405	21,575
10 to 14 years	1,922,645	985,200	937,445	37,755	19,100	18,655
15 to 64 years	23,376,530	11,576,130	11,800,400	522,130	260,475	261,660
15 to 19 years	2,026,160	1,039,215	986,940	38,400	19,515	18,885
20 to 24 years	2,242,690	1,144,495	1,098,200	51,325	25,500	25,820
25 to 29 years	2,285,990	1,144,470	1,141,515	51,910	26,115	25,795
30 to 34 years	2,329,395	1,148,290	1,181,110	52,670	26,905	25,765
35 to 39 years	2,288,365	1,118,635	1,169,730	55,760	28,280	27,480
40 to 44 years	2,255,135	1,104,440	1,150,695	48,220	24,570	23,655
45 to 49 years	2,359,965	1,157,760	1,202,210	47,675	23,895	23,780
50 to 54 years	2,678,075	1,318,755	1,359,320	58,400	28,995	29,405
55 to 59 years	2,620,240	1,285,190	1,335,055	61,395	29,880	31,510
60 to 64 years	2,290,510	1,114,885	1,175,630	56,370	26,810	29,565
65 years and over	5,935,630	2,695,150	3,240,485	153,670	66,880	86,795
65 to 69 years	1,972,480	953,075	1,019,405	50,730	24,005	26,730
70 to 74 years	1,420,875	677,975	742,900	39,345	18,135	21,215
75 to 79 years	1,021,850	469,550	552,300	25,690	11,340	14,350
80 to 84 years	749,650	325,765	423,880	18,600	7,440	11,160
85 years and over	770,780	268,790	501,990	19,300	5,960	13,335
85 to 89 years	482,525	185,535	296,990	12,135	4,150	7,985
90 to 94 years	223,510	68,675	154,835	5,565	1,525	4,040
95 to 99 years	56,525	13,240	43,280	1,420	275	1,145
100 years and over	8,230	1,340	6,890	185	20	160
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.3	15.9	15.6	16.2	14.9
15 to 64 years	66.5	67.1	66.0	65.2	66.7	63.9
65 years and over	16.9	15.6	18.1	19.2	17.1	21.2
85 years and over	2.2	1.6	2.8	2.4	1.5	3.3
Average age of the population	41.0	40.1	41.9	42.4	41.1	43.6
Median age of the population	41.2	40.2	42.2	42.6	41.1	44.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	14,072,080	...	...	361,890	...	...
Single-detached house	7,541,495	...	...	148,965	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,391,040	...	...	22,105	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	4,949,795	...	...	188,125	...	...
Semi-detached house	698,800	...	...	21,135	...	...
Row house	891,305	...	...	8,930	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	784,300	...	...	22,575	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,539,390	...	...	134,135	...	...
Other single-attached house	36,005	...	...	1,345	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	189,755	...	...	2,690	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	14,072,080	...	...	361,890	...	...
1 person	3,969,790	...	...	127,555	...	...
2 persons	4,834,605	...	...	130,555	...	...
3 persons	2,140,640	...	...	46,540	...	...
4 persons	1,946,275	...	...	41,025	...	...
5 or more persons	1,180,770	...	...	16,215	...	...
Number of persons in private households	34,460,060	...	...	779,085	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	29,312,160	14,271,280	15,040,885	675,800	327,355	348,450
Married or living common law	16,893,720	8,452,135	8,441,585	386,970	193,615	193,350
Married	13,383,455	6,693,465	6,689,990	202,960	101,425	101,535
Living common law	3,510,265	1,758,670	1,751,590	184,005	92,190	91,815
Not married and not living common law	12,418,440	5,819,140	6,599,300	288,835	133,735	155,105
Never married	8,254,340	4,444,425	3,809,915	199,145	105,315	93,830
Separated	718,295	309,905	408,400	8,675	3,885	4,795
Divorced	1,816,005	725,535	1,090,470	44,740	16,910	27,825
Widowed	1,629,800	339,280	1,290,525	36,275	7,625	28,650
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	9,840,730	...	...	221,915	...	...
2 persons	5,007,790	...	...	124,240	...	...
3 persons	2,107,830	...	...	43,645	...	...
4 persons	1,909,935	...	...	39,775	...	...
5 or more persons	815,170	...	...	14,265	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	9,840,730	...	...	221,915	...	...
Total couple families	8,227,925	...	...	189,720	...	...
Married couples	6,474,005	...	...	97,790	...	...
Common-law couples	1,753,920	...	...	91,930	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,612,805	...	...	32,195	...	...
Female parent	1,262,340	...	...	23,050	...	...
Male parent	350,465	...	...	9,140	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	8,227,925	...	...	189,725	...	...
Couples without children	4,024,305	...	...	103,985	...	...
Couples with children	4,203,615	...	...	85,735	...	...
1 child	1,650,165	...	...	34,075	...	...
2 children	1,783,080	...	...	37,830	...	...
3 or more children	770,375	...	...	13,830	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,612,805	...	...	32,195	...	...
1 child	983,485	...	...	20,250	...	...
2 children	457,670	...	...	9,570	...	...
3 or more children	171,655	...	...	2,380	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	6,107,260	2,941,395	3,165,865	165,345	78,055	87,290
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	14,072,075	...	...	361,890	...	...
One-census-family households	9,218,225	...	...	219,070	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	3,782,095	...	...	102,705	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	5,436,135	...	...	116,370	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	301,715	...	...	1,410	...	...
Non-census-family households	4,552,135	...	...	141,410	...	...
One-person households	3,969,790	...	...	127,555	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	582,350	...	...	13,855	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,080	789,360	386,725	402,630
English only	23,757,525	11,838,075	11,919,455	1,890	1,040	845
French only	4,144,685	1,925,845	2,218,840	478,090	216,705	261,385
English and French	6,216,065	3,071,325	3,144,740	307,385	168,080	139,305
Neither English nor French	648,970	265,920	383,045	1,995	895	1,095
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085	789,355	386,725	402,635
English	26,007,500	12,852,330	13,155,165	12,720	6,600	6,125
French	7,705,755	3,780,105	3,925,650	768,480	375,900	392,580
English and French	417,485	209,130	208,355	6,260	3,390	2,870
Neither English nor French	636,515	259,600	376,910	1,900	835	1,060
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	7,914,495	3,884,670	4,029,825	15,850	8,290	7,555
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	22.8	22.7	22.8	2.0	2.1	1.9
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,085	789,355	386,725	402,630
Single responses	33,948,620	16,702,840	17,245,775	781,875	382,850	399,025
Official languages	26,627,555	13,201,620	13,425,940	751,975	368,010	383,970
English	19,460,850	9,680,125	9,780,725	10,965	5,710	5,250
French	7,166,705	3,521,495	3,645,215	741,010	362,300	378,715
Non-official languages	7,321,065	3,501,220	3,819,840	29,900	14,840	15,060
Aboriginal languages	195,700	94,795	100,900	600	240	365
Algonquian languages	130,450	62,930	67,520	585	230	355
Blackfoot	2,815	1,325	1,490	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	88,445	42,920	45,530	575	225	345
Atikamekw	6,150	3,135	3,015	45	20	25
Montagnais (Innu)	10,230	4,885	5,350	520	205	315
Moose Cree	100	50	55	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,205	590	620	5	5	0
Northern East Cree	315	125	190	0	0	5
Plains Cree	3,065	1,360	1,710	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	45	20	25	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	1,440	585	850	0	0	0
Woods Cree	1,840	865	975	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	64,050	31,305	32,745	0	5	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	6,990	3,310	3,680	0	0	0
Malecite	305	140	160	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	6,690	3,170	3,520	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	32,150	15,350	16,800	15	5	10
Algonquin	1,260	590	670	15	5	10
Ojibway	17,890	8,440	9,450	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	12,855	6,260	6,595	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	150	65	85	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	45	25	20	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	17,365	8,325	9,045	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	17,315	8,310	9,010	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	110	55	60	0	0	0
Beaver	190	85	105	0	0	0
Carrier	1,025	465	565	0	0	0
Chilcotin	660	295	360	0	0	0
Dene	10,700	5,185	5,515	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	1,645	840	815	0	0	0
Gwich'in	260	110	145	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	80	25	50	0	0	0
Sekani	90	45	45	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	1,995	950	1,045	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	765	365	400	0	0	0
South Slavey	945	455	495	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	280	130	150	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	270	135	140	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	180	90	90	0	0	0
Tahltan	95	40	50	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	290	120	170	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	215	90	135	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	70	30	40	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	50	20	35	0	0	0
Haida	75	35	40	0	0	0
Inuit languages	36,545	18,100	18,445	10	5	10
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,025	445	575	0	0	0
Inuktitut	35,215	17,530	17,680	10	5	10
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	315	125	185	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	1,115	485	635	0	0	0
Cayuga	45	20	20	0	0	0
Mohawk	980	430	555	0	0	0
Oneida	55	20	40	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	35	15	20	0	0	0
Kutenai	105	55	55	0	0	0
Michif	465	230	235	0	0	0
Salish languages	2,305	1,130	1,180	0	0	0
Comox	80	45	40	0	0	0
Halkomelem	475	225	245	0	0	0
Lillooet	315	155	155	0	0	0
Okanagan	270	135	135	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	445	225	220	0	0	0
Squamish	40	20	20	0	0	0
Straits	80	40	40	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	335	150	185	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	255	135	125	0	0	0
Siouan languages	4,285	2,070	2,220	0	0	0
Dakota	1,215	570	635	0	0	0
Stoney	3,025	1,465	1,555	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	55	30	25	0	0	0
Tlingit	95	40	55	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	1,480	730	755	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	880	435	445	0	0	0
Nisga'a	400	200	200	0	0	0
Tsimshian	200	90	110	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	805	370	435	0	0	0
Haisla	90	40	50	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	95	40	55	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	325	145	185	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	285	135	140	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	585	295	295	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	7,125,365	3,406,425	3,718,945	29,295	14,605	14,695
Afro-Asiatic languages	575,365	298,060	277,300	6,040	3,380	2,665
Berber languages	22,135	11,865	10,270	745	420	330
Kabyle	13,150	6,995	6,155	390	215	180
Berber languages, n.i.e.	8,985	4,865	4,115	360	205	150
Cushitic languages	42,885	20,095	22,790	45	25	25
Bilen	805	455	350	0	0	0
Oromo	4,960	2,560	2,400	0	0	0
Somali	36,755	16,895	19,865	45	20	25
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	365	195	170	0	0	0
Semitic languages	509,190	265,465	243,725	5,220	2,925	2,295
Amharic	22,465	10,720	11,745	5	0	5
Arabic	419,890	220,785	199,105	5,195	2,910	2,280
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	16,070	7,910	8,160	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5,545	2,780	2,770	0	0	0
Harari	1,320	635	685	0	0	0
Hebrew	19,530	10,480	9,045	10	5	0
Maltese	5,565	2,765	2,800	0	5	0
Tigrigna	16,650	8,310	8,340	10	5	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	2,155	1,085	1,070	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	1,155	635	520	30	15	15
Austro-Asiatic languages	176,725	81,810	94,920	1,280	605	670
Khmer (Cambodian)	20,130	9,270	10,860	400	180	220
Vietnamese	156,425	72,470	83,955	870	420	445
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	170	65	100	5	0	0
Austronesian languages	511,480	211,580	299,900	395	160	245
Bikol	1,790	790	1,000	0	0	0
Cebuano	19,890	7,930	11,960	25	5	25
Fijian	745	400	345	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	6,885	2,680	4,205	0	0	5
Ilocano	26,345	10,620	15,720	5	0	5
Malagasy	1,430	665	760	220	100	120
Malay	12,275	5,255	7,020	25	10	15
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	4,040	1,865	2,175	0	0	0
Pangasinan	1,390	590	800	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	431,380	178,575	252,810	100	30	65
Waray-Waray	1,110	430	675	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	4,195	1,770	2,425	20	10	10
Creole languages	72,125	32,310	39,820	575	270	310
Haitian Creole	3,030	1,445	1,590	50	25	25
Creole, n.o.s.	64,105	28,455	35,660	525	240	275
Creole languages, n.i.e.	4,985	2,410	2,575	5	0	5
Dravidian languages	189,405	94,765	94,640	30	20	15
Kannada	3,970	2,040	1,935	0	0	0
Malayalam	28,570	14,770	13,800	5	5	0
Tamil	140,720	69,080	71,640	15	10	5
Telugu	15,655	8,640	7,020	10	5	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	490	240	250	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	795	395	405	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,877,330	1,889,400	1,987,930	15,930	7,685	8,245
Albanian	26,890	13,610	13,285	210	105	105
Armenian	33,455	16,270	17,185	65	30	35
Balto-Slavic languages	701,975	323,640	378,340	2,625	1,230	1,395
Baltic languages	12,530	5,315	7,215	25	15	10
Latvian	5,455	2,350	3,105	15	10	5
Lithuanian	7,075	2,965	4,115	10	5	0
Slavic languages	689,450	318,325	371,115	2,600	1,215	1,385
Belarusan	810	385	430	0	0	0
Bosnian	12,210	6,035	6,180	640	325	315
Bulgarian	20,025	9,675	10,345	235	110	125
Croatian	48,200	23,540	24,665	100	50	45
Czech	22,290	10,525	11,765	40	20	25
Macedonian	16,775	8,050	8,725	5	5	0
Polish	181,710	82,435	99,275	305	140	165
Russian	188,255	85,400	102,855	675	280	400
Serbian	57,350	28,535	28,815	160	80	75
Serbo-Croatian	9,555	4,565	4,985	280	130	150
Slovak	17,580	8,075	9,510	25	15	15
Slovene (Slovenian)	9,790	4,415	5,370	5	0	0
Ukrainian	102,485	45,440	57,040	125	55	65
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	2,415	1,255	1,165	5	5	5
Celtic languages	2,690	1,335	1,360	5	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	1,090	540	550	0	0	0
Welsh	1,075	495	575	0	0	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	530	295	235	0	0	0
Germanic languages	538,765	258,410	280,350	795	340	455
Afrikaans	10,265	5,115	5,145	10	5	5
Danish	12,630	6,245	6,390	5	5	0
Dutch	99,020	48,200	50,820	135	70	65
Frisian	2,100	1,095	1,005	0	0	0
German	384,035	183,215	200,820	555	215	340
Icelandic	1,285	600	685	0	0	0
Norwegian	4,615	2,170	2,445	5	5	5
Swedish	6,840	3,015	3,825	40	20	20
Vlaams (Flemish)	3,895	1,730	2,165	25	10	10
Yiddish	13,555	6,750	6,800	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	525	280	240	15	5	10
Greek	106,525	53,350	53,170	105	65	40
Indo-Iranian languages	1,312,750	664,120	648,630	1,655	820	835
Indo-Aryan languages	1,064,760	538,530	526,235	1,025	525	510
Bengali	73,125	37,410	35,720	70	35	35
Gujarati	108,780	55,105	53,670	20	10	5
Hindi	110,640	55,880	54,765	40	25	15
Kashmiri	565	300	265	0	0	0
Konkani	3,330	1,625	1,710	0	0	5
Marathi	8,295	4,300	3,995	0	5	0
Nepali	18,275	9,230	9,045	850	420	425
Oriya (Odia)	1,055	560	495	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	501,680	253,515	248,160	10	5	0
Sindhi	11,860	5,605	6,260	5	5	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	16,335	8,050	8,285	0	0	0
Urdu	210,815	106,960	103,860	35	15	15
Iranian languages	242,805	122,835	119,970	530	265	265
Kurdish	11,705	6,345	5,355	50	30	20
Pashto	16,910	8,760	8,145	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	214,200	107,725	106,470	485	235	245
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5,180	2,755	2,425	95	35	60
Italic (Romance) languages	1,154,270	558,660	595,615	10,475	5,095	5,380
Catalan	865	440	425	15	10	10
Italian	375,635	184,415	191,220	620	345	270
Portuguese	221,540	106,630	114,910	1,675	820	850
Romanian	96,665	46,195	50,470	850	400	445
Spanish	458,850	220,605	238,245	7,315	3,510	3,805
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	720	380	340	10	5	0
Japanese	43,640	14,790	28,855	165	50	115
Kartvelian languages	1,715	910	805	5	0	5
Georgian	1,715	910	805	5	0	5
Korean	153,425	70,310	83,115	40	15	25
Mongolic languages	1,575	690	885	0	0	0
Mongolian	1,575	690	880	5	0	5
Niger-Congo languages	91,375	45,075	46,305	2,805	1,450	1,355
Akan (Twi)	13,455	6,490	6,970	0	5	0
Bamanankan	1,535	815	720	75	40	30
Edo	1,670	770	900	0	0	0
Ewe	1,760	950	805	50	30	20
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	2,825	1,495	1,335	160	95	65
Ga	920	445	470	0	0	0
Ganda	1,295	625	665	0	5	0
Igbo	4,235	2,265	1,970	5	0	0
Lingala	3,810	1,785	2,025	115	60	55
Rundi (Kirundi)	5,845	2,785	3,060	480	235	240
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5,250	2,355	2,895	305	130	170
Shona	3,180	1,520	1,665	0	0	0
Swahili	13,370	6,385	6,990	505	245	260
Wolof	3,990	2,170	1,820	310	175	140
Yoruba	9,085	4,785	4,300	15	10	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	19,135	9,435	9,695	790	430	355
Nilo-Saharan languages	5,870	3,025	2,845	35	20	15
Dinka	2,120	1,115	1,000	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	3,755	1,910	1,840	30	15	15
Sign languages	7,500	3,925	3,575	115	55	60
American Sign Language	2,685	1,320	1,360	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	695	340	355	65	30	40
Sign languages, n.i.e	4,120	2,265	1,860	50	30	20
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,269,215	589,570	679,645	1,380	650	725
Chinese languages	1,253,360	581,650	671,715	1,280	595	680
Cantonese	565,270	262,865	302,405	270	140	130
Hakka	10,910	4,900	6,015	0	0	0
Mandarin	592,040	274,630	317,410	875	390	480
Min Dong	1,230	580	650	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	31,795	14,450	17,350	30	15	20
Wu (Shanghainese)	12,915	5,780	7,140	15	5	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	38,580	18,165	20,410	85	40	40
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	610	275	335	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	15,850	7,925	7,935	100	50	50
Burmese	3,585	1,795	1,790	10	5	5
Karenic languages	4,705	2,355	2,350	70	35	30
Tibetan	6,165	3,080	3,080	5	5	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	1,400	695	705	15	10	10
Tai-Kadai languages	22,010	8,870	13,145	200	75	120
Lao	12,670	6,145	6,525	130	60	65
Thai	9,255	2,690	6,565	75	15	55
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	80	35	55	0	0	0
Turkic languages	40,140	21,120	19,025	90	55	35
Azerbaijani	3,260	1,785	1,470	20	10	5
Turkish	32,815	17,375	15,440	65	45	25
Uyghur	1,035	510	525	0	0	0
Uzbek	1,715	855	865	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	1,315	590	720	5	0	5
Uralic languages	81,985	37,790	44,195	145	80	70
Estonian	5,445	2,325	3,115	0	5	5
Finnish	15,295	6,395	8,900	15	5	10
Hungarian	61,235	29,060	32,175	130	70	60
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	3,690	2,045	1,645	60	40	20
Multiple responses	818,635	398,325	420,305	7,480	3,880	3,605
English and French	165,320	80,460	84,860	3,775	1,990	1,785
English and non-official language	533,265	259,160	274,100	235	120	115
French and non-official language	86,150	42,170	43,985	3,175	1,610	1,565
English, French and non-official language	33,900	16,535	17,365	295	160	140
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085	789,360	386,725	402,630
Single responses	33,103,860	16,298,475	16,805,395	778,085	381,065	397,020
Official languages	29,106,670	14,383,020	14,723,645	763,185	373,810	389,380
English	22,162,865	10,966,135	11,196,730	8,360	4,345	4,015
French	6,943,800	3,416,890	3,526,910	754,830	369,470	385,360
Non-official languages	3,997,195	1,915,450	2,081,750	14,900	7,255	7,645
Aboriginal languages	118,470	59,720	58,750	285	115	165
Algonquian languages	75,080	37,825	37,260	275	115	155
Blackfoot	1,115	555	555	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	55,825	28,135	27,685	270	115	155
Atikamekw	5,465	2,825	2,640	10	5	5
Montagnais (Innu)	8,590	4,195	4,395	255	110	145
Moose Cree	10	5	5	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,200	595	605	5	0	5
Northern East Cree	110	55	60	0	0	0
Plains Cree	1,350	665	685	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	20	5	15	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	330	140	190	0	0	0
Woods Cree	800	410	390	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	37,945	19,240	18,710	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	3,615	1,795	1,820	0	0	0
Malecite	55	30	30	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	3,560	1,770	1,795	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	14,525	7,335	7,190	5	5	0
Algonquin	370	170	200	0	5	0
Ojibway	6,175	3,165	3,015	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	7,900	3,960	3,940	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	75	40	35	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10,265	5,125	5,135	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10,255	5,120	5,135	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Beaver	50	30	20	0	0	0
Carrier	245	115	130	0	0	0
Chilcotin	255	125	130	0	0	0
Dene	7,710	3,805	3,905	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	1,020	550	475	0	0	0
Gwich'in	45	25	25	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sekani	15	10	5	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	820	425	395	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	340	180	155	0	0	0
South Slavey	370	190	185	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	105	55	55	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	25	10	10	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	5	5	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	25	15	10	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	10	0	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Haida	10	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	29,490	14,995	14,495	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	165	75	90	0	0	0
Inuktitut	29,230	14,885	14,345	5	0	5
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	90	40	55	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	285	135	155	0	0	0
Cayuga	10	0	5	0	0	0
Mohawk	255	115	140	0	0	0
Oneida	15	5	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	5
Kutenai	15	10	5	0	0	0
Michif	85	40	45	0	0	0
Salish languages	285	130	150	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	45	20	25	0	0	0
Lillooet	25	15	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	85	35	45	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	55	30	20	0	0	0
Squamish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Straits	20	10	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages	2,225	1,085	1,140	0	0	0
Dakota	255	140	120	0	0	0
Stoney	1,950	940	1,010	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Tlingit	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	410	210	190	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	315	155	155	0	0	0
Nisga'a	70	40	30	0	0	0
Tsimshian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	75	45	35	0	0	0
Haisla	20	10	15	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	235	110	125	5	0	5
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,878,725	1,855,730	2,022,995	14,615	7,135	7,475
Afro-Asiatic languages	307,755	153,275	154,480	2,245	1,155	1,090
Berber languages	8,105	4,215	3,895	235	115	115
Kabyle	5,490	2,855	2,640	165	85	80
Berber languages, n.i.e.	2,620	1,365	1,260	75	40	35
Cushitic languages	27,095	12,455	14,640	10	5	5
Bilen	620	330	285	0	0	0
Oromo	3,410	1,700	1,710	0	0	0
Somali	22,895	10,340	12,555	10	5	5
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	185	85	95	5	0	5
Semitic languages	272,100	136,390	135,720	1,985	1,025	960
Amharic	12,780	6,010	6,770	0	0	0
Arabic	223,540	112,690	110,850	1,975	1,020	960
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10,510	5,090	5,425	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	3,445	1,695	1,750	0	0	0
Harari	735	335	400	0	0	0
Hebrew	8,560	4,425	4,135	10	5	0
Maltese	1,130	525	605	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10,205	5,040	5,170	5	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	1,200	585	620	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	440	215	230	15	5	10
Austro-Asiatic languages	115,210	53,500	61,710	680	305	375
Khmer (Cambodian)	10,880	4,940	5,945	185	80	105
Vietnamese	104,245	48,525	55,725	485	225	265
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	85	40	45	10	0	5
Austronesian languages	239,785	108,110	131,680	105	55	50
Bikol	290	140	155	0	0	0
Cebuano	7,210	3,325	3,880	0	0	0
Fijian	195	105	90	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	2,205	970	1,240	0	0	0
Ilocano	9,125	4,045	5,080	0	0	0
Malagasy	435	220	210	65	35	35
Malay	3,620	1,710	1,910	5	0	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,200	565	630	0	0	0
Pangasinan	240	110	135	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	213,790	96,235	117,555	20	15	10
Waray-Waray	310	135	170	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,160	545	620	10	5	5
Creole languages	27,860	12,005	15,850	145	60	80
Haitian Creole	1,280	575	705	5	5	5
Creole, n.o.s.	24,575	10,510	14,060	135	60	80
Creole languages, n.i.e.	2,005	920	1,085	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	122,490	59,780	62,710	10	5	5
Kannada	1,630	825	800	0	0	0
Malayalam	15,440	7,865	7,575	5	5	0
Tamil	96,955	46,570	50,385	5	0	5
Telugu	8,280	4,430	3,850	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	190	85	105	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	340	160	180	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,911,215	927,225	983,985	9,255	4,500	4,760
Albanian	13,135	6,575	6,560	100	50	50
Armenian	21,505	10,165	11,345	35	20	15
Balto-Slavic languages	314,965	149,315	165,650	1,420	685	730
Baltic languages	3,275	1,400	1,870	10	5	5
Latvian	1,255	530	725	5	0	0
Lithuanian	2,020	870	1,150	5	0	0
Slavic languages	311,690	147,910	163,780	1,410	680	725
Belarusan	230	105	120	0	0	0
Bosnian	6,045	3,010	3,040	370	180	190
Bulgarian	11,985	5,835	6,150	135	70	70
Croatian	16,775	7,980	8,795	50	30	25
Czech	6,235	3,060	3,180	10	5	5
Macedonian	6,830	3,250	3,580	5	0	0
Polish	74,780	34,910	39,870	100	45	50
Russian	116,595	55,175	61,425	405	190	220
Serbian	31,750	15,665	16,085	100	55	50
Serbo-Croatian	3,885	1,865	2,020	140	65	75
Slovak	5,615	2,685	2,920	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	2,050	905	1,145	0	0	0
Ukrainian	28,250	13,150	15,100	70	35	35
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	670	310	360	5	0	0
Celtic languages	360	205	155	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	185	105	80	0	0	0
Welsh	95	50	45	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	80	50	30	0	0	0
Germanic languages	146,455	71,835	74,615	125	60	65
Afrikaans	4,790	2,355	2,435	0	0	0
Danish	855	410	445	0	0	0
Dutch	9,565	4,630	4,935	25	15	10
Frisian	185	95	90	0	0	0
German	120,335	58,905	61,435	90	40	55
Icelandic	270	120	150	0	0	0
Norwegian	345	145	200	0	0	0
Swedish	1,045	500	545	5	5	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	355	170	185	10	5	5
Yiddish	7,080	3,695	3,385	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	1,625	820	810	0	0	0
Greek	44,545	21,110	23,440	15	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages	838,755	416,960	421,795	1,380	670	710
Indo-Aryan languages	676,185	337,440	338,745	910	445	460
Bengali	47,350	23,585	23,765	45	25	25
Gujarati	64,150	31,740	32,405	15	10	10
Hindi	55,510	27,805	27,710	15	10	10
Kashmiri	135	70	70	0	0	0
Konkani	720	355	370	0	0	0
Marathi	3,780	1,940	1,840	0	0	0
Nepali	13,375	6,710	6,670	820	400	415
Oriya (Odia)	470	235	240	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	349,145	174,905	174,240	0	0	0
Sindhi	4,975	2,280	2,695	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	7,790	3,860	3,925	0	0	0
Urdu	128,785	63,965	64,820	20	5	5
Iranian languages	160,195	78,310	81,880	380	185	195
Kurdish	6,580	3,400	3,175	20	15	10
Pashto	10,590	5,305	5,290	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	143,020	69,600	73,425	360	175	185
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	2,375	1,215	1,160	85	35	50
Italic (Romance) languages	531,485	251,050	280,440	6,175	3,010	3,175
Catalan	355	165	190	5	0	5
Italian	115,415	49,975	65,440	120	55	65
Portuguese	98,710	46,915	51,795	1,085	540	545
Romanian	53,320	25,795	27,525	465	230	235
Spanish	263,510	128,110	135,400	4,505	2,180	2,325
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	180	85	95	0	0	0
Japanese	19,785	8,265	11,515	65	25	40
Kartvelian languages	1,040	565	475	0	0	0
Georgian	1,035	565	475	0	0	0
Korean	109,705	51,385	58,320	15	0	15
Mongolic languages	910	440	470	0	0	0
Mongolian	910	435	470	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	28,665	13,340	15,320	765	360	405
Akan (Twi)	5,990	2,695	3,295	0	0	0
Bamanankan	340	180	160	10	5	10
Edo	415	175	240	0	0	0
Ewe	410	185	225	5	5	5
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	825	400	425	20	10	10
Ga	250	105	140	0	0	0
Ganda	345	160	185	0	0	0
Igbo	1,000	485	510	0	0	0
Lingala	1,045	455	590	30	15	15
Rundi (Kirundi)	2,110	990	1,115	175	80	95
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	1,530	670	865	50	20	30
Shona	1,035	475	560	0	0	0
Swahili	5,370	2,500	2,870	170	80	90
Wolof	1,380	745	635	105	55	50
Yoruba	2,615	1,275	1,340	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	4,010	1,850	2,160	185	85	110
Nilo-Saharan languages	2,650	1,305	1,350	20	5	10
Dinka	1,130	580	550	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	1,525	730	800	20	5	10
Sign languages	10,445	5,870	4,570	150	75	70
American Sign Language	3,015	1,560	1,460	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	730	375	355	80	40	35
Sign languages, n.i.e	6,690	3,935	2,755	75	40	35
Sino-Tibetan languages	924,720	433,530	491,190	1,015	520	500
Chinese languages	913,365	427,860	485,505	925	470	455
Cantonese	400,215	184,340	215,885	165	90	80
Hakka	4,080	1,820	2,265	0	0	0
Mandarin	462,890	220,075	242,815	670	340	330
Min Dong	345	150	195	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	13,965	6,345	7,625	25	10	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	7,650	3,580	4,075	10	0	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	23,935	11,440	12,500	60	30	30
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	280	130	150	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	11,350	5,670	5,680	90	50	45
Burmese	2,245	1,115	1,125	15	5	5
Karenic languages	3,865	1,935	1,930	70	40	30
Tibetan	4,590	2,305	2,280	0	5	5
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	655	305	345	5	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	9,565	4,455	5,110	70	30	40
Lao	6,175	2,995	3,180	40	20	25
Thai	3,360	1,450	1,915	25	10	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	30	15	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages	22,250	11,205	11,045	35	15	15
Azerbaijani	1,245	640	610	5	5	0
Turkish	18,955	9,525	9,430	25	10	15
Uyghur	610	315	290	0	0	0
Uzbek	990	505	490	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	455	230	225	5	5	5
Uralic languages	23,245	10,715	12,535	30	10	15
Estonian	975	365	610	0	0	0
Finnish	2,790	1,220	1,565	5	0	0
Hungarian	19,485	9,125	10,355	30	10	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	1,110	605	500	15	10	10
Multiple responses	1,663,390	802,695	860,690	11,270	5,655	5,615
English and French	160,185	77,940	82,235	3,755	1,995	1,760
English and non-official language	1,284,975	620,375	664,600	245	120	130
French and non-official language	148,915	70,915	78,000	6,550	3,190	3,365
English, French and non-official language	69,315	33,465	35,850	715	360	355
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	34,767,255	17,101,165	17,666,080	789,355	386,730	402,635
None	29,615,245	14,612,175	15,003,065	729,355	355,120	374,240
English	2,109,340	1,045,215	1,064,120	35,055	19,290	15,760
French	731,095	342,245	388,855	11,460	5,665	5,795
Non-official language	2,151,690	1,023,940	1,127,750	11,255	5,540	5,715
Aboriginal	90,740	42,890	47,850	230	90	140
Non-Aboriginal	2,060,945	981,055	1,079,895	11,020	5,450	5,570
English and French	47,970	23,785	24,190	580	310	275
English and non-official language	61,075	30,045	31,030	1,320	645	675
French and non-official language	48,755	22,690	26,065	295	130	165
English, French and non-official language	2,080	1,075	1,010	35	25	10
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,355	654,810	319,850	334,960
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,190	641,470	313,630	327,840
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,204	40,782	28,860	38,249	43,201	33,775
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175	641,595	313,650	327,950
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,866	35,933	26,621	33,322	36,934	29,934
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	24,583,315	12,296,595	12,286,725	593,300	295,270	298,025
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,762	39,925	26,613	34,499	40,016	29,220
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	19,743,240	8,755,815	10,987,430	480,130	217,610	262,515
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,453	4,199	6,136	7,059	5,617	7,941
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	20,428,685	10,547,760	9,880,925	478,745	247,190	231,560
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,684	39,836	28,474	35,466	39,498	31,639
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	654,805	319,825	334,985
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,489,395	13,441,555	14,047,845	641,685	313,800	327,885
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,487	56,740	38,632	45,829	52,425	39,516
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,500,230	13,446,230	14,053,995	641,775	313,810	327,965
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,977	45,404	32,828	37,503	42,089	33,115
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	24,584,065	12,295,015	12,289,055	593,400	295,955	297,440
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,885	56,803	36,962	42,836	50,045	35,663
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	19,742,130	8,752,070	10,990,060	479,925	217,500	262,425
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,738	7,345	8,050	8,312	7,540	8,951
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	20,428,670	10,542,540	9,886,130	478,745	248,005	230,745
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,057	54,369	37,193	42,113	46,952	36,913
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	654,810	319,820	334,985
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	9,367,045	5,231,015	4,136,035	223,480	119,955	103,520
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	53,431	59,326	47,420	49,707	54,032	45,395
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	65,997	74,289	55,510	57,042	62,415	50,815
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	88.3	91.6	83.7	86.4	90.0	81.9
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	72.0	75.2	67.7	68.6	70.8	65.7
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	11.7	8.4	16.3	13.6	10.0	18.1
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360	654,810	319,845	334,960
Without total income	1,154,450	546,285	608,165	13,340	6,215	7,120
With total income	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,195	641,470	313,630	327,840
Percentage with total income	96.0	96.1	95.8	98.0	98.1	97.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,877,620	1,668,960	2,208,655	61,045	26,440	34,605
$10,000 to $19,999	4,680,380	1,867,600	2,812,785	101,425	39,805	61,615
$20,000 to $29,999	3,807,840	1,593,335	2,214,505	86,775	36,750	50,025
$30,000 to $39,999	3,206,175	1,472,670	1,733,510	87,280	40,175	47,105
$40,000 to $49,999	2,827,045	1,376,565	1,450,480	83,495	40,120	43,380
$50,000 to $59,999	2,179,775	1,145,685	1,034,090	65,095	34,270	30,820
$60,000 to $69,999	1,655,070	938,755	716,310	47,060	26,990	20,075
$70,000 to $79,999	1,271,850	745,830	526,015	35,555	20,665	14,885
$80,000 to $89,999	966,885	579,290	387,590	23,150	13,775	9,375
$90,000 to $99,999	749,290	452,240	297,050	13,490	8,715	4,775
$100,000 and over	2,266,600	1,603,400	663,195	37,100	25,925	11,175
$100,000 to $149,999	1,493,570	1,024,210	469,365	25,675	17,425	8,255
$150,000 and over	773,025	579,190	193,830	11,425	8,500	2,930
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360	654,810	319,850	334,960
Without after-tax income	1,143,795	541,620	602,175	13,210	6,195	7,010
With after-tax income	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175	641,600	313,650	327,950
Percentage with after-tax income	96.0	96.1	95.9	98.0	98.1	97.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,004,475	1,706,825	2,297,645	65,410	27,085	38,325
$10,000 to $19,999	4,905,055	1,972,920	2,932,130	105,965	42,385	63,585
$20,000 to $29,999	4,489,925	1,926,175	2,563,755	110,450	47,950	62,495
$30,000 to $39,999	3,924,960	1,870,705	2,054,250	116,920	56,240	60,670
$40,000 to $49,999	3,144,200	1,619,670	1,524,525	93,175	48,850	44,325
$50,000 to $59,999	2,209,280	1,245,570	963,705	61,905	35,505	26,400
$60,000 to $69,999	1,540,300	912,230	628,065	37,495	21,645	15,850
$70,000 to $79,999	1,076,180	654,570	421,610	18,715	11,825	6,890
$80,000 and over	2,204,820	1,540,335	664,485	31,565	22,155	9,410
$80,000 to $89,999	688,705	444,550	244,145	10,515	7,035	3,480
$90,000 to $99,999	420,975	291,090	129,885	6,260	4,335	1,925
$100,000 and over	1,095,140	804,690	290,445	14,790	10,790	4,005
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	28,642,980	13,990,625	14,652,360	654,810	319,845	334,965
Without employment income	8,214,295	3,442,860	4,771,430	176,065	72,660	103,405
With employment income	20,428,690	10,547,760	9,880,925	478,745	247,190	231,555
Percentage with employment income	71.3	75.4	67.4	73.1	77.3	69.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,778,990	1,357,430	1,421,560	55,460	29,030	26,430
$5,000 to $9,999	1,602,140	697,025	905,120	34,955	15,385	19,570
$10,000 to $19,999	2,736,010	1,212,855	1,523,155	63,170	28,250	34,925
$20,000 to $29,999	2,293,785	1,022,090	1,271,695	54,820	24,775	30,045
$30,000 to $39,999	2,149,860	1,001,065	1,148,795	58,790	27,645	31,150
$40,000 to $49,999	1,928,565	946,625	981,940	55,110	26,810	28,300
$50,000 to $59,999	1,554,100	839,045	715,055	42,320	23,175	19,145
$60,000 to $69,999	1,220,310	708,270	512,040	33,525	19,700	13,825
$70,000 to $79,999	992,170	591,945	400,225	27,205	16,015	11,190
$80,000 and over	3,172,770	2,171,415	1,001,355	53,385	36,410	16,980
$80,000 to $89,999	773,755	475,700	298,055	16,580	10,490	6,090
$90,000 to $99,999	623,980	382,330	241,650	9,900	6,645	3,255
$100,000 and over	1,775,030	1,313,385	461,645	26,915	19,280	7,630
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	14,072,080	...	...	361,890	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	70,336	...	...	65,359	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	61,348	...	...	55,890	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	3,969,790	...	...	127,555	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,174	...	...	35,943	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,446	...	...	31,610	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	10,102,290	...	...	234,340	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	88,249	...	...	87,791	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	76,419	...	...	74,102	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	14,072,075	...	...	361,890	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	92,764	...	...	81,261	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	76,171	...	...	66,508	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	3,967,765	...	...	127,520	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	46,799	...	...	42,288	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,685	...	...	35,172	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	10,104,315	...	...	234,375	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	110,813	...	...	102,466	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	90,890	...	...	83,558	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	14,072,075	...	...	361,890	...	...
Under $5,000	228,790	...	...	2,880	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	200,315	...	...	4,180	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	374,575	...	...	10,415	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	565,940	...	...	15,410	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	602,800	...	...	15,980	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	538,710	...	...	13,780	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	603,480	...	...	17,205	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	606,600	...	...	18,295	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	596,110	...	...	18,165	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	578,325	...	...	17,125	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,097,345	...	...	31,915	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,010,415	...	...	28,380	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	924,320	...	...	25,820	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	836,765	...	...	22,645	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	745,655	...	...	19,400	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,561,920	...	...	100,300	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,470,255	...	...	38,355	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,016,245	...	...	24,550	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,116,140	...	...	22,690	...	...
$200,000 and over	959,285	...	...	14,700	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	14,072,075	...	...	361,890	...	...
Under $5,000	243,780	...	...	3,155	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	203,865	...	...	4,280	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	380,680	...	...	10,545	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	591,660	...	...	16,270	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	673,740	...	...	18,335	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	628,225	...	...	18,000	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	719,825	...	...	23,060	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	725,675	...	...	22,925	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	711,180	...	...	21,775	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	691,695	...	...	20,405	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,299,680	...	...	36,880	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,169,515	...	...	32,160	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,041,635	...	...	27,775	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	900,055	...	...	23,340	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	757,295	...	...	19,515	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,333,575	...	...	63,465	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,371,945	...	...	32,100	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	809,540	...	...	15,230	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,152,090	...	...	16,135	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	9,688,845	...	...	223,575	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	88,306	...	...	89,081	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,372	...	...	74,978	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	3,706,220	...	...	101,570	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,976	...	...	78,020	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,309	...	...	66,094	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	4,222,140	...	...	86,010	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	113,465	...	...	118,728	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,608	...	...	98,277	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,481,410	...	...	31,555	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,193	...	...	59,196	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,856	...	...	52,365	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	9,689,855	...	...	223,545	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	111,235	...	...	103,956	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	91,040	...	...	84,553	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	3,706,400	...	...	101,635	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	101,086	...	...	90,854	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,296	...	...	73,993	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	4,225,855	...	...	85,955	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	137,094	...	...	133,422	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	111,307	...	...	107,503	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,477,190	...	...	31,455	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	65,549	...	...	69,420	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,687	...	...	58,473	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	5,313,545	2,608,845	2,704,705	154,950	73,360	81,585
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	31,890	34,483	29,801	33,620	35,596	32,027
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	28,959	30,746	27,495	29,950	31,119	28,919
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	5,299,050	2,596,985	2,702,070	154,775	72,985	81,785
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	42,939	46,085	39,915	39,860	42,360	37,630
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	35,801	37,724	33,952	33,389	34,880	32,057
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	34,460,065	16,971,550	17,488,515	779,085	383,165	395,925
In the bottom half of the distribution	17,229,835	8,256,970	8,972,865	381,490	181,395	200,090
In the bottom decile	3,445,950	1,672,900	1,773,050	50,875	25,110	25,765
In the second decile	3,445,660	1,564,965	1,880,700	65,945	28,900	37,050
In the third decile	3,446,165	1,641,930	1,804,235	78,255	36,890	41,365
In the fourth decile	3,445,850	1,677,120	1,768,730	91,135	43,855	47,280
In the fifth decile	3,446,210	1,700,060	1,746,150	95,275	46,650	48,625
In the top half of the distribution	17,230,230	8,714,580	8,515,650	397,595	201,765	195,830
In the sixth decile	3,445,695	1,716,510	1,729,185	98,395	49,190	49,205
In the seventh decile	3,446,470	1,730,975	1,715,500	98,030	49,865	48,170
In the eighth decile	3,445,940	1,741,640	1,704,300	85,225	43,265	41,965
In the ninth decile	3,446,045	1,751,850	1,694,195	66,730	34,090	32,635
In the top decile	3,446,080	1,773,600	1,672,475	49,215	25,350	23,860
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	33,968,295	16,724,265	17,244,035	776,965	382,110	394,855
0 to 17 years	6,836,380	3,504,250	3,332,125	145,710	74,270	71,445
0 to 5 years	2,228,770	1,142,505	1,086,270	51,550	26,400	25,150
18 to 64 years	21,695,090	10,690,090	11,005,005	495,160	246,140	249,020
65 years and over	5,436,830	2,529,930	2,906,905	136,095	61,705	74,395
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	4,809,940	2,243,200	2,566,740	79,480	36,105	43,370
0 to 17 years	1,163,830	597,570	566,255	12,105	6,170	5,935
0 to 5 years	396,095	203,055	193,030	4,045	2,085	1,955
18 to 64 years	2,855,290	1,341,590	1,513,700	48,005	23,630	24,375
65 years and over	790,825	304,040	486,780	19,365	6,305	13,065
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.2	13.4	14.9	10.2	9.4	11.0
0 to 17 years (%)	17.0	17.1	17.0	8.3	8.3	8.3
0 to 5 years (%)	17.8	17.8	17.8	7.8	7.9	7.8
18 to 64 years (%)	13.2	12.5	13.8	9.7	9.6	9.8
65 years and over (%)	14.5	12.0	16.7	14.2	10.2	17.6
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	3,128,995	1,519,370	1,609,630	63,420	29,790	33,630
0 to 17 years	696,025	357,255	338,770	8,130	4,135	3,995
0 to 5 years	236,435	121,170	115,260	2,725	1,390	1,335
18 to 64 years	2,157,745	1,057,585	1,100,160	43,050	21,990	21,060
65 years and over	275,225	104,525	170,695	12,240	3,670	8,575
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	9.2	9.1	9.3	8.2	7.8	8.5
0 to 17 years (%)	10.2	10.2	10.2	5.6	5.6	5.6
0 to 5 years (%)	10.6	10.6	10.6	5.3	5.3	5.3
18 to 64 years (%)	9.9	9.9	10.0	8.7	8.9	8.5
65 years and over (%)	5.1	4.1	5.9	9.0	5.9	11.5
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	779,085	383,160	395,920
Official languages	33,818,210	16,709,290	17,108,920	777,065	382,250	394,815
English	29,748,265	14,806,270	14,941,995	307,085	168,175	138,900
French	10,242,945	4,952,455	5,290,495	775,365	381,385	393,980
Non-official languages	9,369,280	4,488,185	4,881,090	67,190	31,485	35,710
Aboriginal languages	263,845	127,550	136,295	805	355	450
Algonquian languages	177,570	85,505	92,065	695	310	380
Blackfoot	5,645	2,695	2,950	0	10	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	116,585	56,515	60,070	645	300	350
Atikamekw	6,640	3,335	3,305	65	15	45
Montagnais (Innu)	11,440	5,500	5,945	560	260	300
Moose Cree	195	80	115	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,465	710	755	30	15	20
Northern East Cree	545	225	320	0	0	0
Plains Cree	5,905	2,705	3,200	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	40	30	10	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	2,345	995	1,350	0	0	0
Woods Cree	2,665	1,230	1,435	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	86,115	42,080	44,035	10	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	9,765	4,710	5,050	0	0	0
Malecite	755	370	390	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	9,025	4,350	4,670	10	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	46,685	22,100	24,585	45	15	25
Algonquin	2,480	1,165	1,315	20	10	10
Ojibway	28,585	13,365	15,220	20	10	15
Oji-Cree	15,610	7,575	8,030	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	205	105	105	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	120	60	60	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	23,655	11,340	12,320	10	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	23,570	11,300	12,265	0	10	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	210	105	100	0	0	0
Beaver	340	180	165	0	0	0
Carrier	2,105	955	1,145	0	0	0
Chilcotin	1,150	535	610	0	0	0
Dene	13,060	6,270	6,790	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	2,375	1,210	1,165	0	0	0
Gwich'in	360	165	200	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	150	60	90	0	0	0
Sekani	185	85	100	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	2,815	1,340	1,475	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	1,010	475	530	0	0	0
South Slavey	1,365	660	710	10	10	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	680	320	360	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	630	340	285	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	365	205	170	0	0	0
Tahltan	270	140	130	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	420	160	260	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	285	115	170	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	145	50	95	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	85	35	50	0	0	0
Haida	465	205	260	0	0	0
Inuit languages	42,980	21,355	21,630	55	20	40
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,975	895	1,080	0	0	0
Inuktitut	40,620	20,280	20,340	55	20	40
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	470	225	240	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	2,800	1,240	1,555	40	10	25
Cayuga	125	40	85	0	0	0
Mohawk	2,415	1,120	1,295	0	0	0
Oneida	180	60	125	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	115	45	75	35	10	25
Kutenai	175	95	80	0	0	0
Michif	1,210	585	625	0	0	0
Salish languages	5,750	2,730	3,015	0	0	0
Comox	185	75	110	0	0	0
Halkomelem	1,060	475	585	0	0	0
Lillooet	790	405	385	0	0	0
Okanagan	820	370	450	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	1,305	640	665	0	0	0
Squamish	285	125	155	0	0	0
Straits	360	160	200	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	450	220	235	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	565	295	270	0	0	0
Siouan languages	5,430	2,665	2,770	0	0	0
Dakota	1,760	870	890	0	0	0
Stoney	3,675	1,805	1,875	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	140	70	70	0	0	0
Tlingit	260	140	120	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	2,730	1,350	1,380	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	1,305	645	660	0	0	0
Nisga'a	1,060	545	515	0	0	0
Tsimshian	410	180	235	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	1,490	680	805	0	0	0
Haisla	175	65	110	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	125	50	75	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	605	285	320	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	565	265	300	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	30	20	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	665	310	360	20	10	15
Non-Aboriginal languages	9,107,075	4,361,420	4,745,660	66,420	31,150	35,270
Afro-Asiatic languages	837,355	432,560	404,795	8,770	4,780	3,985
Berber languages	29,460	15,745	13,715	980	520	455
Kabyle	17,120	9,100	8,015	505	260	240
Berber languages, n.i.e.	12,505	6,735	5,775	485	265	215
Cushitic languages	57,125	26,870	30,250	55	20	35
Bilen	1,085	625	470	0	0	0
Oromo	6,245	3,070	3,175	0	0	0
Somali	49,665	23,070	26,590	55	20	35
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	480	220	265	0	0	0
Semitic languages	771,130	400,780	370,350	8,240	4,525	3,715
Amharic	33,670	16,675	16,995	0	0	0
Arabic	629,055	329,235	299,820	8,180	4,485	3,695
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	19,745	9,720	10,020	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	7,115	3,505	3,610	0	0	0
Harari	1,710	855	860	0	0	0
Hebrew	75,020	38,730	36,290	50	40	15
Maltese	7,625	3,760	3,870	0	0	0
Tigrigna	21,340	10,640	10,705	0	0	10
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	3,220	1,655	1,565	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	2,775	1,440	1,335	70	35	35
Austro-Asiatic languages	224,865	105,845	119,020	1,620	770	850
Khmer (Cambodian)	27,035	12,640	14,400	585	285	295
Vietnamese	198,895	93,735	105,155	1,065	490	575
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	190	70	120	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	656,200	273,075	383,125	415	165	250
Bikol	2,075	885	1,190	10	0	10
Cebuano	27,045	10,960	16,085	25	10	20
Fijian	1,660	955	705	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	7,925	3,200	4,720	0	0	0
Ilocano	34,530	13,805	20,730	10	0	0
Malagasy	2,335	1,120	1,220	195	80	115
Malay	22,470	10,370	12,100	65	30	35
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5,425	2,445	2,980	0	0	0
Pangasinan	1,800	790	1,015	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	612,735	253,210	359,530	115	35	85
Waray-Waray	1,395	530	860	10	0	10
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5,585	2,540	3,040	60	30	25
Creole languages	155,615	70,545	85,070	1,340	650	690
Haitian Creole	6,850	3,140	3,710	125	70	50
Creole, n.o.s.	133,045	59,890	73,160	1,090	510	580
Creole languages, n.i.e.	16,635	7,955	8,675	130	70	55
Dravidian languages	250,180	126,220	123,960	20	10	10
Kannada	8,245	4,180	4,065	0	0	0
Malayalam	37,810	19,410	18,400	0	0	0
Tamil	189,860	94,640	95,220	0	0	0
Telugu	23,160	12,770	10,390	15	10	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	790	385	405	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	870	435	435	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5,158,010	2,506,455	2,651,555	46,990	21,140	25,850
Albanian	31,930	16,140	15,790	290	165	120
Armenian	41,295	19,980	21,315	30	20	10
Balto-Slavic languages	817,315	384,960	432,350	3,385	1,665	1,720
Baltic languages	14,675	6,470	8,205	10	10	0
Latvian	6,500	2,960	3,540	10	0	0
Lithuanian	8,185	3,510	4,675	0	0	0
Slavic languages	805,915	379,965	425,945	3,370	1,650	1,725
Belarusan	2,265	1,070	1,195	0	10	10
Bosnian	18,265	9,055	9,215	660	355	310
Bulgarian	22,425	10,920	11,505	145	65	80
Croatian	69,840	34,515	35,325	170	80	90
Czech	28,720	13,675	15,050	70	45	30
Macedonian	23,075	11,190	11,880	15	15	0
Polish	214,965	99,365	115,600	480	225	255
Russian	269,645	127,055	142,595	1,340	630	705
Serbian	73,775	37,040	36,740	185	100	85
Serbo-Croatian	11,275	5,525	5,750	390	175	220
Slovak	21,470	10,215	11,255	60	40	20
Slovene (Slovenian)	11,495	5,205	6,290	0	0	0
Ukrainian	132,115	58,820	73,300	220	100	120
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	3,000	1,590	1,405	0	0	0
Celtic languages	9,165	4,705	4,455	15	10	0
Scottish Gaelic	3,980	2,010	1,975	15	10	0
Welsh	1,690	830	860	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	3,590	1,915	1,680	0	0	0
Germanic languages	695,535	337,215	358,320	4,130	2,135	1,990
Afrikaans	23,410	11,795	11,610	25	15	0
Danish	15,745	7,320	8,425	40	20	25
Dutch	120,865	57,885	62,990	300	185	115
Frisian	2,910	1,515	1,395	0	0	0
German	502,730	245,745	256,985	3,650	1,860	1,790
Icelandic	1,780	830	945	0	0	0
Norwegian	8,120	3,860	4,260	20	15	10
Swedish	14,140	6,510	7,635	120	65	55
Vlaams (Flemish)	4,400	1,945	2,455	35	15	15
Yiddish	20,985	10,435	10,550	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	8,710	4,425	4,285	20	10	15
Greek	150,965	75,510	75,455	265	145	125
Indo-Iranian languages	1,658,220	840,850	817,365	1,955	940	1,015
Indo-Aryan languages	1,387,805	704,370	683,435	1,110	560	550
Bengali	91,220	46,935	44,285	105	60	40
Gujarati	149,045	74,765	74,285	25	10	15
Hindi	433,365	221,665	211,700	205	120	85
Kashmiri	905	490	420	0	0	0
Konkani	6,790	3,185	3,605	0	0	0
Marathi	15,570	8,200	7,365	0	0	10
Nepali	21,380	10,915	10,470	825	395	430
Oriya (Odia)	1,535	755	775	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	668,240	341,450	326,790	15	10	0
Sindhi	20,260	9,310	10,945	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	27,825	13,970	13,855	0	0	0
Urdu	322,220	164,685	157,535	55	35	20
Iranian languages	281,715	142,030	139,680	680	325	355
Kurdish	15,290	8,290	7,000	60	30	30
Pashto	23,180	12,465	10,715	10	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	252,320	126,565	125,755	630	305	330
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	8,875	4,715	4,155	200	75	125
Italic (Romance) languages	1,897,630	898,530	999,100	39,020	17,085	21,935
Catalan	2,035	1,145	890	90	40	45
Italian	574,725	278,500	296,225	3,125	1,400	1,725
Portuguese	295,955	144,465	151,485	2,965	1,480	1,485
Romanian	115,050	55,275	59,770	1,080	500	580
Spanish	995,255	460,250	535,010	33,440	14,385	19,055
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	2,680	1,610	1,075	20	25	0
Japanese	83,090	36,760	46,335	555	305	250
Kartvelian languages	2,150	1,075	1,075	0	0	10
Georgian	2,150	1,080	1,070	10	0	10
Korean	172,755	80,170	92,590	45	10	30
Mongolic languages	2,090	960	1,130	15	10	0
Mongolian	2,090	960	1,130	15	10	0
Niger-Congo languages	177,215	88,135	89,080	4,715	2,555	2,160
Akan (Twi)	22,145	10,810	11,340	10	10	0
Bamanankan	3,190	1,660	1,530	170	95	70
Edo	3,220	1,510	1,705	0	0	0
Ewe	3,000	1,685	1,315	80	55	25
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	4,725	2,460	2,260	260	150	110
Ga	2,250	1,140	1,110	0	0	0
Ganda	2,495	1,175	1,320	10	10	0
Igbo	8,850	4,710	4,140	10	0	0
Lingala	17,010	7,865	9,145	495	275	220
Rundi (Kirundi)	8,590	4,075	4,515	675	350	325
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	7,860	3,600	4,260	410	200	205
Shona	5,425	2,530	2,905	0	0	0
Swahili	38,680	19,565	19,115	1,020	575	450
Wolof	8,240	4,455	3,785	650	400	255
Yoruba	22,420	11,475	10,940	15	10	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	40,760	20,375	20,385	1,715	895	820
Nilo-Saharan languages	7,015	3,520	3,495	165	60	100
Dinka	2,475	1,280	1,190	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	4,555	2,240	2,315	165	65	100
Sign languages	48,115	18,985	29,130	715	235	480
American Sign Language	21,930	7,780	14,155	20	0	15
Quebec Sign Language	4,665	1,665	3,005	470	160	310
Sign languages, n.i.e.	22,275	9,835	12,440	260	80	185
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,430,440	672,100	758,340	1,970	940	1,030
Chinese languages	1,413,110	663,465	749,640	1,815	855	955
Cantonese	699,125	325,840	373,285	460	225	230
Hakka	12,445	5,555	6,890	10	10	0
Mandarin	814,450	377,635	436,815	1,295	610	680
Min Dong	1,045	440	600	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	42,840	19,005	23,835	55	20	30
Wu (Shanghainese)	16,530	7,490	9,040	25	10	15
Chinese, n.o.s.	41,690	19,995	21,690	135	60	75
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	590	250	340	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	18,270	9,100	9,175	155	85	75
Burmese	4,995	2,490	2,500	60	35	25
Karenic languages	4,895	2,425	2,475	105	60	50
Tibetan	7,050	3,555	3,490	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	2,375	1,160	1,220	20	10	0
Tai-Kadai languages	30,400	13,210	17,195	270	130	140
Lao	17,235	8,240	8,990	130	70	55
Thai	15,390	5,875	9,520	160	70	85
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	115	50	65	0	0	0
Turkic languages	60,530	31,585	28,945	130	60	65
Azerbaijani	5,450	2,885	2,565	25	10	15
Turkish	50,775	26,605	24,165	100	50	45
Uyghur	1,385	685	700	0	0	0
Uzbek	2,465	1,230	1,235	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	1,870	905	965	10	0	10
Uralic languages	94,810	44,270	50,545	220	110	110
Estonian	6,070	2,750	3,315	0	0	0
Finnish	17,595	7,540	10,050	40	15	30
Hungarian	71,285	34,005	37,280	175	95	80
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	9,730	5,375	4,355	255	110	145
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490	779,090	383,165	395,925
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	32,034,590	15,799,495	16,235,090	756,400	371,880	384,520
Canadian citizens aged under 18	6,652,795	3,412,785	3,240,010	141,750	72,335	69,415
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	25,381,795	12,386,710	12,995,080	614,650	299,545	315,110
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	2,425,480	1,172,085	1,253,400	22,685	11,280	11,400
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	779,085	383,165	395,925
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	26,412,610	13,124,325	13,288,290	729,160	357,985	371,170
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330	44,550	22,440	22,110
Before 1981	1,941,510	927,795	1,013,715	5,430	3,020	2,405
1981 to 1990	915,555	439,245	476,310	3,380	1,750	1,630
1991 to 2000	1,486,655	696,720	789,940	6,440	3,000	3,440
2001 to 2010	1,985,035	940,570	1,044,465	15,850	8,010	7,840
2001 to 2005	928,935	439,890	489,050	6,255	3,210	3,045
2006 to 2010	1,056,095	500,680	555,415	9,600	4,800	4,795
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	1,212,075	582,175	629,895	13,445	6,660	6,785
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	506,625	260,755	245,870	5,380	2,740	2,640
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	7,540,830	3,586,500	3,954,335	44,550	22,440	22,110
Under 5 years	731,340	364,165	367,175	6,185	2,725	3,465
5 to 14 years	1,311,810	665,870	645,945	6,365	3,235	3,130
15 to 24 years	1,604,430	724,430	880,005	6,965	3,470	3,495
25 to 44 years	3,198,920	1,513,970	1,684,950	22,740	11,860	10,880
45 years and over	694,320	318,060	376,260	2,290	1,155	1,140
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330	44,550	22,445	22,110
Americas	1,128,745	510,650	618,100	9,900	4,645	5,250
Brazil	29,320	13,235	16,080	925	430	495
Colombia	70,035	32,065	37,965	2,790	1,315	1,475
El Salvador	48,080	23,865	24,215	400	190	210
Guyana	87,685	38,940	48,745	10	0	0
Haiti	93,480	40,955	52,525	1,140	515	620
Jamaica	138,345	59,960	78,390	20	15	0
Mexico	80,585	37,530	43,055	925	470	450
Peru	29,615	12,950	16,665	455	190	270
Trinidad and Tobago	65,040	29,325	35,710	20	0	20
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	253,715	113,505	140,215	1,175	540	635
Other places of birth in Americas	232,850	108,325	124,530	2,040	970	1,070
Europe	2,088,410	1,015,145	1,073,260	15,225	8,095	7,130
Bosnia and Herzegovina	36,135	18,050	18,085	900	440	455
Croatia	40,045	20,005	20,035	70	25	50
France	105,565	55,395	50,170	8,165	4,560	3,600
Germany	145,845	69,525	76,320	795	320	475
Greece	62,715	31,580	31,135	75	45	30
Hungary	36,820	17,945	18,875	70	40	25
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	28,325	14,355	13,970	15	10	10
Italy	236,640	118,595	118,040	440	275	165
Netherlands	88,475	45,185	43,295	50	25	30
Poland	146,465	66,450	80,020	285	115	170
Portugal	139,450	68,150	71,300	510	260	255
Romania	90,305	42,795	47,510	705	345	355
Russian Federation	78,685	34,265	44,420	255	125	135
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	33,320	16,325	17,000	60	40	20
Ukraine	73,030	33,360	39,665	265	135	135
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	499,115	243,225	255,890	270	165	100
Other places of birth in Europe	247,470	119,945	127,530	2,300	1,175	1,125
Africa	637,485	322,510	314,970	12,900	7,035	5,870
Algeria	64,620	33,920	30,705	1,940	1,075	865
Egypt	64,615	34,125	30,495	260	135	130
Ethiopia	32,790	15,980	16,810	10	0	0
Kenya	27,150	12,810	14,340	40	15	25
Morocco	69,655	36,120	33,535	2,185	1,210	975
Nigeria	42,430	21,830	20,600	35	25	15
Somalia	27,230	12,070	15,160	10	0	10
South Africa, Republic of	44,660	22,205	22,460	30	10	15
Other places of birth in Africa	264,320	133,450	130,870	8,390	4,555	3,830
Asia	3,629,160	1,709,985	1,919,175	6,475	2,630	3,845
Afghanistan	51,955	26,030	25,930	90	50	40
Bangladesh	58,735	29,875	28,865	120	55	65
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	649,260	290,800	358,460	1,770	445	1,325
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	208,940	98,020	110,915	60	10	45
India	668,565	334,030	334,540	70	35	35
IranCensus data footnote 61	154,425	77,970	76,455	345	175	170
Iraq	68,485	34,785	33,705	125	45	75
Japan	27,240	7,955	19,285	115	10	105
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	123,305	57,170	66,140	140	85	60
Lebanon	88,745	47,295	41,450	290	185	105
Pakistan	202,260	103,225	99,035	35	20	15
Philippines	588,305	247,095	341,210	155	55	100
Sri Lanka	131,995	64,825	67,170	10	10	0
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	52,960	26,595	26,365	340	175	170
Taiwan	63,770	28,170	35,605	60	35	25
Viet Nam	169,250	78,000	91,250	790	350	435
Other places of birth in Asia	320,965	158,150	162,815	1,970	900	1,070
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	57,030	28,210	28,825	55	40	15
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	1,212,075	582,180	629,895	13,445	6,665	6,785
Americas	152,595	72,870	79,720	2,800	1,340	1,465
Brazil	8,500	4,000	4,490	565	265	300
Colombia	15,300	6,885	8,415	905	425	480
Cuba	5,370	2,545	2,820	200	110	90
Haiti	19,985	9,160	10,830	330	140	190
Jamaica	12,495	6,680	5,820	10	10	0
Mexico	18,660	9,090	9,575	275	140	135
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	33,060	16,480	16,580	105	65	40
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	6,425	2,990	3,435	105	50	50
Other places of birth in Americas	32,790	15,040	17,750	315	140	170
Europe	140,030	70,995	69,035	3,285	1,750	1,540
France	24,150	13,000	11,150	2,375	1,275	1,105
Germany	6,300	3,255	3,045	50	25	20
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	5,660	3,540	2,120	10	10	0
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	5,900	2,735	3,165	120	50	75
Romania	7,610	3,330	4,280	65	30	35
Russian Federation	11,565	4,485	7,080	15	10	10
Ukraine	13,425	6,015	7,410	85	40	50
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	24,445	14,235	10,215	55	45	15
Other places of birth in Europe	40,970	20,405	20,570	510	275	240
Africa	162,800	81,545	81,245	5,500	2,770	2,730
Algeria	17,175	8,440	8,735	520	250	270
Cameroon	10,265	5,005	5,255	800	375	425
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	7,400	3,570	3,835	275	160	125
Côte d'Ivoire	6,240	3,030	3,210	755	380	365
Egypt	16,115	8,445	7,665	35	20	15
Eritrea	6,050	3,195	2,855	10	0	0
Ethiopia	7,510	3,625	3,890	0	0	0
Morocco	15,105	7,470	7,635	720	360	360
Nigeria	17,285	8,850	8,435	0	0	0
Somalia	5,335	2,600	2,730	10	0	10
South Africa, Republic of	5,765	2,935	2,830	10	0	0
Tunisia	6,700	3,475	3,230	700	385	310
Other places of birth in Africa	41,855	20,905	20,950	1,680	840	835
Asia	748,700	352,095	396,610	1,840	790	1,045
Afghanistan	9,240	4,530	4,710	10	10	0
Bangladesh	12,900	6,445	6,460	10	10	0
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	129,020	57,745	71,270	215	85	125
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	4,975	2,090	2,880	15	0	15
India	147,190	75,145	72,045	25	10	15
IranCensus data footnote 61	42,070	20,580	21,490	175	85	95
Iraq	20,665	10,345	10,320	85	30	60
Israel	4,740	2,615	2,130	0	0	0
Japan	4,905	1,250	3,655	20	0	20
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	21,710	9,630	12,075	15	10	10
Lebanon	9,375	4,980	4,400	40	15	25
Nepal	7,505	3,780	3,715	235	105	125
Pakistan	41,480	20,530	20,945	0	0	10
Philippines	188,810	83,050	105,760	45	15	35
Saudi Arabia	5,465	2,820	2,640	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	11,495	5,190	6,305	0	0	0
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	29,945	15,245	14,700	265	130	135
Taiwan	4,310	1,685	2,625	10	0	0
Turkey	4,255	2,365	1,890	10	0	0
United Arab Emirates	6,135	3,220	2,910	10	0	10
Viet Nam	11,210	4,500	6,705	85	40	55
Other places of birth in Asia	31,320	14,345	16,970	560	240	315
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	7,955	4,670	3,280	20	10	0
Australia	4,965	2,950	2,010	0	0	0
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	2,990	1,720	1,270	15	10	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	34,460,060	16,971,575	17,488,485	779,085	383,160	395,920
First generationCensus data footnote 69	8,219,555	3,936,045	4,283,505	52,710	26,545	26,170
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	6,100,725	3,053,075	3,047,650	31,425	15,950	15,480
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	20,139,790	9,982,460	10,157,330	694,945	340,670	354,275
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	5,703,615	2,709,530	2,994,085	39,570	19,625	19,945
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	2,994,130	1,496,240	1,497,885	21,795	11,770	10,025
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	1,220,755	755,370	465,380	11,020	7,305	3,720
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	1,773,380	740,870	1,032,510	10,775	4,465	6,305
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	1,782,490	728,085	1,054,400	9,610	3,840	5,765
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	858,845	453,675	405,175	8,000	3,925	4,075
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	68,145	31,530	36,615	170	90	80
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	779,085	383,165	395,925
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	1,673,785	813,520	860,265	11,515	5,665	5,850
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	1,629,805	792,970	836,835	10,990	5,460	5,530
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	977,235	471,510	505,725	6,230	3,010	3,215
Métis	587,545	289,435	298,115	4,610	2,395	2,220
Inuk (Inuit)	65,030	32,030	32,995	150	60	95
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	21,310	10,165	11,145	145	40	105
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	22,670	10,385	12,290	380	165	215
Non-Aboriginal identity	32,786,280	16,158,060	16,628,225	767,570	377,500	390,075
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490	779,085	383,165	395,925
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	820,120	395,670	424,445	5,270	2,565	2,710
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	33,639,945	16,575,905	17,064,040	773,815	380,600	393,210
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,490	779,085	383,165	395,925
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	727,790	356,970	370,815	5,870	2,730	3,145
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	709,235	347,985	361,245	5,710	2,670	3,040
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	573,215	280,040	293,180	4,655	2,185	2,470
Métis single ancestry	91,255	45,740	45,515	1,000	465	535
Inuit single ancestry	44,765	22,210	22,555	60	25	30
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	18,555	8,985	9,565	160	55	110
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15,140	7,305	7,835	145	55	90
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	2,470	1,205	1,265	15	0	20
Métis and Inuit ancestries	770	390	380	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	170	85	85	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	1,402,735	669,710	733,025	20,330	9,650	10,690
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	1,347,610	644,210	703,400	19,925	9,470	10,450
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	881,455	418,215	463,235	17,210	8,045	9,165
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	441,000	213,940	227,065	2,575	1,345	1,230
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25,155	12,045	13,105	140	80	60
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	55,125	25,505	29,625	410	180	235
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	49,325	22,740	26,585	380	160	215
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,470	1,655	1,815	20	15	10
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,005	940	1,065	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	325	170	160	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	32,329,545	15,944,900	16,384,645	752,880	370,790	382,090
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	779,085	383,160	395,920
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	7,674,580	3,725,090	3,949,495	38,260	19,080	19,180
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	1,924,635	977,690	946,945	1,540	805	740
Chinese	1,577,060	746,400	830,665	2,840	960	1,875
Black	1,198,540	580,070	618,475	14,025	7,330	6,695
Filipino	780,125	341,800	438,330	275	135	140
Latin American	447,325	215,460	231,860	7,720	3,635	4,080
Arab	523,235	276,425	246,810	6,945	3,915	3,025
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	313,260	148,880	164,385	2,785	1,305	1,480
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	264,305	133,475	130,825	670	300	365
Korean	188,710	89,110	99,600	235	135	100
Japanese	92,920	40,105	52,815	260	80	180
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	132,090	62,540	69,550	380	195	185
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	232,375	113,140	119,230	590	280	315
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	26,785,480	13,246,485	13,539,000	740,825	364,080	376,740
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	779,085	383,165	395,920
North American Aboriginal origins	2,130,520	1,026,675	1,103,840	26,210	12,375	13,830
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,525,570	731,410	794,155	22,420	10,455	11,965
Inuit	79,130	38,695	40,435	250	120	125
Métis	599,995	291,310	308,690	4,110	2,025	2,080
Other North American origins	11,628,535	5,745,695	5,882,835	573,500	280,175	293,325
Acadian	119,675	57,805	61,865	3,495	1,610	1,880
American	377,405	182,690	194,715	3,065	1,455	1,610
Canadian	11,135,965	5,501,595	5,634,370	555,220	270,960	284,260
New Brunswicker	1,490	800	685	75	40	30
Newfoundlander	22,215	11,420	10,800	35	15	20
Nova Scotian	3,700	1,770	1,930	15	0	15
Ontarian	3,925	1,980	1,945	55	30	30
Québécois	194,560	99,320	95,235	18,030	9,130	8,900
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	1,895	950	945	10	0	10
European origins	19,683,320	9,687,715	9,995,605	279,745	139,235	140,505
British Isles origins	11,211,850	5,474,735	5,737,115	58,605	27,905	30,710
Channel Islander	3,595	1,740	1,855	175	85	90
Cornish	1,975	995	975	0	0	0
English	6,320,085	3,069,515	3,250,570	11,260	5,575	5,690
Irish	4,627,000	2,195,620	2,431,385	39,360	18,620	20,735
Manx	6,125	3,090	3,040	0	0	0
Scottish	4,799,005	2,323,390	2,475,620	15,185	6,985	8,195
Welsh	474,805	226,600	248,210	310	130	180
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	644,695	307,090	337,610	885	425	460
French origins	4,680,820	2,283,480	2,397,340	226,795	113,405	113,390
Alsatian	2,800	1,300	1,495	95	55	45
Breton	11,845	5,765	6,080	1,335	620	715
Corsican	1,750	950	805	100	30	65
French	4,670,595	2,278,430	2,392,165	225,770	112,920	112,850
Western European origins (except French origins)	4,600,855	2,258,095	2,342,760	17,420	8,655	8,760
Austrian	207,050	100,775	106,275	475	285	185
Bavarian	940	485	455	0	0	0
Belgian	186,665	91,395	95,270	3,855	1,985	1,870
Dutch	1,111,655	546,565	565,090	1,075	505	575
Flemish	11,685	5,730	5,960	125	75	50
Frisian	4,590	2,395	2,195	0	0	0
German	3,322,405	1,626,785	1,695,615	10,530	5,025	5,510
Luxembourger	3,915	2,025	1,890	125	90	35
Swiss	155,120	76,935	78,185	2,125	1,130	995
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	3,365	1,645	1,720	0	10	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,201,320	579,005	622,315	1,580	785	790
Danish	207,470	100,660	106,810	250	145	105
Finnish	143,645	69,045	74,600	110	50	60
Icelandic	101,795	49,875	51,915	35	20	15
Norwegian	463,275	223,075	240,200	600	315	285
Swedish	349,645	163,545	186,095	370	155	215
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	52,780	26,965	25,820	300	140	160
Eastern European origins	3,431,245	1,666,740	1,764,505	6,960	3,360	3,600
Bulgarian	34,565	16,935	17,625	215	105	105
Byelorussian	20,710	10,190	10,515	45	15	25
Czech	104,580	51,555	53,030	310	160	145
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	40,715	19,235	21,480	70	40	35
Estonian	24,530	11,715	12,815	0	10	0
Hungarian	348,085	170,040	178,045	705	335	370
Latvian	30,725	14,920	15,805	20	15	10
Lithuanian	59,285	28,745	30,535	125	80	50
Moldovan	14,915	7,265	7,650	200	85	110
Polish	1,106,585	533,830	572,750	2,235	1,090	1,145
Romanian	238,050	114,705	123,345	1,365	665	700
Russian	622,445	297,600	324,850	1,265	575	690
Slovak	72,285	35,360	36,925	195	90	105
Ukrainian	1,359,655	663,560	696,095	1,110	510	595
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	20,415	9,895	10,520	30	25	10
Southern European origins	3,012,375	1,494,605	1,517,775	18,280	9,115	9,165
Albanian	36,185	18,385	17,800	275	160	115
Bosnian	26,740	13,320	13,420	875	460	420
Catalan	1,280	740	535	45	30	20
Croatian	133,970	67,825	66,140	355	195	160
Cypriot	5,650	2,850	2,795	10	0	10
Greek	271,410	137,405	134,005	905	445	455
Italian	1,587,965	794,525	793,445	9,280	4,735	4,545
Kosovar	2,865	1,470	1,395	60	40	15
Macedonian	43,110	21,650	21,460	50	30	25
Maltese	41,920	20,955	20,965	60	25	40
Montenegrin	4,160	2,180	1,985	15	0	10
Portuguese	482,605	239,360	243,250	2,855	1,375	1,475
Serbian	96,530	49,095	47,440	390	205	190
Sicilian	6,940	3,500	3,435	55	25	30
Slovenian	40,470	20,105	20,365	65	40	25
Spanish	396,460	184,520	211,945	4,455	2,150	2,305
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	38,480	18,620	19,860	160	70	90
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	2,170	1,030	1,135	35	0	25
Other European origins	226,695	115,110	111,580	1,200	635	560
Basque	6,965	3,690	3,275	325	175	145
Jewish	143,660	72,625	71,035	190	95	90
Roma (Gypsy)	4,630	2,195	2,440	0	10	0
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	4,870	2,560	2,310	35	15	20
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	67,890	34,730	33,160	650	345	305
Caribbean origins	749,155	349,810	399,345	3,770	1,885	1,880
Antiguan	4,500	2,115	2,385	0	0	0
Bahamian	3,675	1,915	1,760	15	0	15
Barbadian	37,780	17,745	20,035	40	30	15
Bermudan	3,075	1,435	1,640	0	0	0
Carib	3,030	1,175	1,860	0	0	0
Cuban	29,065	13,800	15,270	495	255	240
Dominican	23,130	11,000	12,125	410	190	215
Grenadian	17,915	7,835	10,080	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	1,125	515	605	115	45	70
Haitian	165,095	76,460	88,635	2,230	1,115	1,115
Jamaican	309,485	145,080	164,410	180	105	70
Kittitian/Nevisian	2,915	1,460	1,460	0	0	0
Martinican	2,010	900	1,110	115	30	85
Montserratan	930	460	470	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	3,405	1,645	1,765	30	20	10
St. Lucian	8,985	4,095	4,890	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	78,965	37,325	41,635	30	15	15
Vincentian/Grenadinian	17,420	7,475	9,945	10	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	70,270	31,625	38,645	35	20	15
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	26,830	12,520	14,310	185	95	90
Latin, Central and South American origins	674,640	325,210	349,430	9,930	4,730	5,200
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	22,725	10,875	11,850	285	130	145
Arawak	1,440	610	830	0	0	0
Argentinian	20,680	10,130	10,545	225	115	110
Belizean	1,755	915	845	10	0	0
Bolivian	5,055	2,480	2,580	130	45	90
Brazilian	36,830	17,380	19,455	930	440	490
Chilean	45,190	22,280	22,910	820	425	395
Colombian	96,325	45,590	50,735	3,485	1,690	1,805
Costa Rican	5,535	2,680	2,855	30	15	15
Ecuadorian	25,405	11,995	13,415	115	60	55
Guatemalan	26,275	13,360	12,915	185	100	90
Guyanese	84,275	39,530	44,745	40	15	20
Hispanic	11,055	5,380	5,670	70	20	50
Honduran	10,650	5,235	5,415	155	65	90
Maya	6,285	3,350	2,940	60	40	25
Mexican	128,485	62,890	65,595	1,775	825	950
Nicaraguan	13,705	6,650	7,055	140	55	85
Panamanian	4,700	2,210	2,495	20	0	10
Paraguayan	4,325	2,165	2,160	50	15	40
Peruvian	42,145	19,645	22,505	785	350	435
Salvadorean	66,220	32,960	33,255	590	300	285
Uruguayan	6,795	3,390	3,410	60	25	40
Venezuelan	26,345	12,220	14,125	205	110	95
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	28,455	13,930	14,525	255	120	135
African origins	1,067,930	539,805	528,120	20,540	10,855	9,685
Central and West African origins	230,110	118,040	112,070	7,910	4,235	3,675
Akan	1,955	1,090	870	65	30	35
Angolan	2,960	1,475	1,480	10	0	10
Ashanti	1,585	855	735	0	0	0
Beninese	4,995	2,670	2,320	515	285	230
Burkinabe	3,150	1,665	1,485	255	150	95
Cameroonian	24,615	12,390	12,230	1,560	785	775
Chadian	1,845	955	885	70	35	35
Congolese	38,365	18,925	19,440	1,660	925	730
Edo	1,945	1,095	855	0	0	0
Ewe	845	470	375	45	15	30
Gabonese	1,405	660	750	165	80	85
Gambian	975	495	475	10	10	0
Ghanaian	35,495	17,720	17,770	100	65	35
Guinean	7,240	3,785	3,455	355	190	165
Ibo	5,315	2,850	2,470	15	10	10
Ivorian	10,935	5,485	5,450	1,135	585	555
Liberian	2,485	1,130	1,360	30	0	30
Malian	4,490	2,280	2,210	255	135	110
Malinké	1,125	585	535	30	15	15
Nigerian	51,835	27,025	24,805	105	50	55
Peulh	2,435	1,270	1,170	120	75	45
Senegalese	10,175	5,500	4,670	930	530	400
Sierra Leonean	2,620	1,330	1,295	0	0	0
Togolese	5,300	2,870	2,430	315	175	135
Wolof	840	495	345	75	50	25
Yoruba	9,585	5,075	4,515	0	10	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	15,380	7,940	7,445	755	365	390
North African origins	355,045	185,775	169,270	8,520	4,550	3,965
Algerian	67,335	34,755	32,580	2,320	1,220	1,100
Berber	37,060	19,685	17,375	1,420	785	635
Coptic	3,535	1,860	1,680	10	10	0
Dinka	900	500	400	0	0	0
Egyptian	99,140	51,730	47,410	490	220	270
Libyan	7,740	4,135	3,605	10	10	10
Maure	1,190	655	535	40	25	10
Moroccan	103,940	54,005	49,945	2,715	1,480	1,230
Sudanese	19,960	10,315	9,645	0	0	0
Tunisian	25,645	13,985	11,665	1,890	1,015	870
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	6,115	3,320	2,795	150	80	70
Southern and East African origins	260,145	128,325	131,815	2,315	1,200	1,115
Afrikaner	1,870	955	915	0	0	10
Amhara	1,530	815	715	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	3,965	2,175	1,785	95	75	20
Burundian	10,990	5,405	5,580	810	425	385
Djiboutian	1,710	790	920	30	20	10
Eritrean	25,255	12,830	12,430	30	15	15
Ethiopian	44,065	21,680	22,385	0	0	10
Harari	665	355	305	0	0	0
Kenyan	10,915	5,230	5,685	10	0	0
Malagasy	4,500	2,175	2,325	325	130	195
Mauritian	9,325	4,655	4,665	100	50	50
Oromo	3,350	1,745	1,605	0	0	0
Rwandan	10,775	5,065	5,705	575	280	295
Seychellois	1,285	575	710	10	0	0
Somali	62,550	30,215	32,330	70	30	40
South African	41,375	20,575	20,800	50	30	15
Tanzanian	4,710	2,400	2,310	45	25	15
Tigrian	2,155	1,160	995	10	0	10
Ugandan	5,705	2,875	2,830	75	30	45
Zambian	1,860	935	920	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	8,090	3,975	4,110	0	0	0
Zulu	945	475	475	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	17,305	8,445	8,860	205	120	90
Other African origins	239,560	116,400	123,165	2,150	1,080	1,070
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	30,385	14,015	16,370	145	80	65
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	212,005	103,790	108,215	2,075	1,040	1,030
Asian origins	6,095,235	2,958,120	3,137,115	14,530	6,955	7,570
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,011,145	518,170	492,980	5,500	2,930	2,575
Afghan	83,995	42,320	41,675	150	75	75
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	111,400	58,930	52,475	2,255	1,265	990
Armenian	63,810	31,505	32,305	230	145	90
Assyrian	13,835	7,115	6,720	0	10	0
Azerbaijani	6,425	3,230	3,200	10	0	10
Georgian	4,775	2,430	2,345	30	10	25
Hazara	1,515	810	705	0	0	0
Iranian	210,405	106,565	103,840	615	290	330
Iraqi	70,925	35,965	34,955	120	50	70
Israeli	28,735	15,065	13,675	15	10	0
Jordanian	14,250	7,520	6,735	0	0	0
Kazakh	3,330	1,615	1,710	15	10	0
Kurd	16,315	8,810	7,515	50	30	25
Kuwaiti	2,235	1,185	1,055	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	1,060	510	550	0	0	0
Lebanese	219,555	112,970	106,590	1,175	595	580
Palestinian	44,820	23,900	20,920	125	70	55
Pashtun	4,810	2,565	2,245	0	0	10
Saudi Arabian	6,810	3,935	2,880	10	10	10
Syrian	77,045	38,445	38,600	545	285	260
Tajik	2,905	1,410	1,495	10	0	10
Tatar	4,825	2,155	2,670	30	20	10
Turk	63,955	32,855	31,100	265	130	130
Turkmen	1,040	540	500	0	0	0
Uighur	1,555	775	785	0	0	0
Uzbek	3,920	1,920	2,000	0	0	0
Yemeni	6,645	3,335	3,305	60	40	25
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	25,280	13,180	12,100	25	20	10
South Asian origins	1,963,330	993,595	969,735	1,520	780	735
Bangladeshi	45,940	23,645	22,300	50	25	20
Bengali	22,900	11,730	11,180	20	15	10
Bhutanese	3,600	1,765	1,835	200	85	115
East Indian	1,374,710	694,990	679,720	710	380	330
Goan	6,070	2,915	3,155	0	0	0
Gujarati	8,350	4,305	4,050	0	0	0
Kashmiri	3,115	1,605	1,510	0	0	0
Nepali	17,140	8,715	8,420	440	210	235
Pakistani	215,555	110,420	105,140	90	65	30
Punjabi	118,400	61,155	57,240	10	0	10
Sinhalese	7,285	3,605	3,685	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	152,595	75,010	77,585	0	10	0
Tamil	48,670	24,845	23,825	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	76,400	38,815	37,585	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	3,163,360	1,467,205	1,696,155	7,595	3,295	4,305
Burmese	9,335	4,535	4,795	260	115	140
Cambodian (Khmer)	38,490	18,515	19,980	805	400	400
Chinese	1,769,195	836,150	933,045	3,670	1,325	2,345
Filipino	837,130	369,105	468,025	310	150	160
Hmong	805	420	390	0	0	0
Indonesian	21,390	9,950	11,440	55	20	35
Japanese	121,485	53,415	68,070	475	200	280
Karen	4,510	2,275	2,240	90	50	40
Korean	198,210	93,680	104,525	280	160	115
Laotian	24,580	12,190	12,390	305	150	160
Malaysian	16,920	7,735	9,185	10	0	0
Mongolian	7,480	3,560	3,915	45	20	25
Singaporean	2,850	1,325	1,520	10	0	0
Taiwanese	36,510	16,570	19,945	65	35	35
Thai	19,010	7,330	11,680	195	60	135
Tibetan	8,040	4,055	3,985	0	0	0
Vietnamese	240,615	115,935	124,680	1,830	970	870
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	6,500	3,150	3,355	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	22,745	11,280	11,460	10	10	10
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	22,740	11,280	11,460	10	10	0
Oceania origins	85,470	43,030	42,440	155	95	65
Australian	42,315	21,710	20,605	65	40	25
New Zealander	15,395	8,065	7,330	20	15	10
Pacific Islands origins	29,485	14,240	15,250	70	45	25
Fijian	19,375	9,280	10,090	10	0	0
Hawaiian	3,295	1,500	1,795	0	10	0
Maori	2,500	1,310	1,195	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	1,530	725	805	35	20	20
Samoan	1,100	625	475	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	2,335	1,145	1,185	25	20	10
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	14,072,075	...	...	361,890	...	...
Owner	9,541,320	...	...	217,920	...	...
Renter	4,474,530	...	...	143,935	...	...
Band housing	56,230	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	14,072,075	...	...	361,890	...	...
Condominium	1,874,840	...	...	52,670	...	...
Not condominium	12,197,240	...	...	309,220	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	14,072,080	...	...	361,890	...	...
No bedrooms	93,345	...	...	2,895	...	...
1 bedroom	1,925,015	...	...	64,165	...	...
2 bedrooms	3,547,090	...	...	119,330	...	...
3 bedrooms	4,836,485	...	...	109,845	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,670,145	...	...	65,660	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	14,072,075	...	...	361,890	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	4,068,915	...	...	141,005	...	...
5 rooms	2,177,045	...	...	57,000	...	...
6 rooms	1,981,585	...	...	39,765	...	...
7 rooms	1,790,180	...	...	38,735	...	...
8 or more rooms	4,054,355	...	...	85,390	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	5.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	14,072,080	...	...	361,890	...	...
One person or fewer per room	13,802,060	...	...	360,490	...	...
More than 1 person per room	270,020	...	...	1,400	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	14,072,075	...	...	361,890	...	...
Suitable	13,376,345	...	...	355,140	...	...
Not suitable	695,730	...	...	6,750	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	14,072,080	...	...	361,890	...	...
1960 or before	3,126,380	...	...	74,245	...	...
1961 to 1980	4,185,510	...	...	113,535	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,977,640	...	...	56,335	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,746,390	...	...	42,865	...	...
2001 to 2005	976,390	...	...	21,770	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,089,750	...	...	27,710	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	970,015	...	...	25,420	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	14,072,080	...	...	361,895	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	13,151,600	...	...	344,100	...	...
Major repairs needed	920,480	...	...	17,790	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	14,072,080	...	...	361,890	...	...
1 household maintainer	8,324,865	...	...	218,945	...	...
2 household maintainers	5,404,800	...	...	139,505	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	342,415	...	...	3,440	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	14,072,080	...	...	361,890	...	...
15 to 24 years	437,230	...	...	14,185	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,991,685	...	...	55,590	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,414,920	...	...	60,700	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,862,870	...	...	64,765	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,859,315	...	...	73,585	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,034,220	...	...	57,380	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,084,700	...	...	27,090	...	...
85 years and over	387,135	...	...	8,600	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	13,798,305	...	...	360,195	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	10,472,355	...	...	296,060	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,325,950	...	...	64,135	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,861,615	...	...	57,905	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	9,368,330	...	...	216,800	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	60.7	...	...	63.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	16.6	...	...	9.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,130	...	...	1,048	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,313	...	...	1,101	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	341,556	...	...	274,433	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	443,058	...	...	300,188	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,452,850	...	...	143,575	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	13.0	...	...	10.8	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	40.0	...	...	30.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	910	...	...	743	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,002	...	...	796	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,580	654,810	319,820	334,990
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,239,575	2,667,995	2,571,585	89,600	44,070	45,525
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	7,576,400	3,686,630	3,889,770	132,550	61,145	71,405
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,230	432,660	214,605	218,055
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,800,260	1,906,610	893,650	109,145	67,440	41,710
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,549,880	880,365	669,515	78,365	42,205	36,165
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	1,250,385	1,026,250	224,140	30,775	25,230	5,550
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,553,825	2,326,940	3,226,890	136,930	60,775	76,150
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	813,335	331,940	481,395	25,580	9,770	15,805
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,659,615	3,070,315	3,589,300	161,010	76,625	84,390
Bachelor's degree	4,443,835	1,967,905	2,475,935	101,740	46,590	55,155
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	462,295	203,725	258,570	12,160	5,655	6,500
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	190,925	102,530	88,395	5,010	2,565	2,445
Master's degree	1,331,045	651,510	679,535	34,990	17,315	17,670
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	231,510	144,640	86,870	7,115	4,500	2,615
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	429,140	212,840	216,300
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,169,790	1,200,110	969,685	32,570	18,560	14,000
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	4,494,585	2,247,020	2,247,565	69,200	33,960	35,235
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,267,005	5,821,425	6,445,580	327,380	160,315	167,060
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,042,430	1,377,775	664,650	83,725	50,770	32,955
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,145,035	639,785	505,250	60,930	32,035	28,895
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	897,390	737,990	159,405	22,790	18,730	4,055
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,241,985	1,786,065	2,455,920	97,160	44,050	53,115
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	580,885	240,040	340,850	16,925	6,655	10,275
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	5,401,705	2,417,555	2,984,155	129,570	58,845	70,725
Bachelor's degree	3,590,080	1,562,160	2,027,925	81,590	36,440	45,150
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	362,455	151,205	211,250	9,160	3,820	5,340
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	153,290	74,440	78,855	3,865	1,655	2,215
Master's degree	1,120,190	527,335	592,850	29,380	13,730	15,650
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	175,685	102,415	73,275	5,565	3,200	2,365
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	654,810	319,825	334,985
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	12,815,980	6,354,625	6,461,350	222,150	105,220	116,930
Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,800	31,525	8,025	23,495
13. Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,805	31,520	8,030	23,495
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	596,230	268,050	328,180	16,815	7,545	9,270
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	99,020	72,865	26,150	3,195	2,190	1,005
50. Visual and performing arts	497,210	195,185	302,025	13,615	5,355	8,265
Humanities	850,840	330,490	520,345	25,625	11,160	14,460
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	98,000	22,100	75,900	3,245	810	2,440
23. English language and literature/letters	178,590	52,785	125,810	525	180	350
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	275,525	104,135	171,390	13,200	6,095	7,105
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	4,160	1,640	2,520	180	100	75
38. Philosophy and religious studies	51,930	30,185	21,750	1,175	800	375
39. Theology and religious vocations	77,490	46,285	31,200	1,260	715	540
54. History	111,465	59,965	51,500	2,190	1,270	925
55. French language and literature/letters	53,680	13,400	40,290	3,850	1,195	2,650
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,761,900	586,455	1,175,445	42,160	15,100	27,065
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	24,685	5,660	19,025	220	50	170
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	182,275	68,030	114,245	5,900	1,960	3,940
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	324,660	26,065	298,595	8,055	775	7,275
22. Legal professions and studies	289,600	102,660	186,945	8,835	3,535	5,300
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	35,445	8,150	27,295	1,285	225	1,060
42. Psychology	281,470	71,230	210,230	5,570	1,400	4,175
45. Social sciences	623,775	304,660	319,110	12,295	7,150	5,145
Business, management and public administration	3,360,045	1,272,475	2,087,565	101,980	39,570	62,410
30.16 Accounting and computer science	6,190	1,850	4,340	60	20	40
44. Public administration and social service professions	237,835	48,815	189,015	6,800	1,695	5,105
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,116,025	1,221,805	1,894,215	95,120	37,860	57,265
Physical and life sciences and technologies	614,280	315,665	298,615	17,620	9,600	8,025
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	249,955	105,560	144,400	6,750	3,055	3,695
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	125,600	61,685	63,915	1,855	1,140	710
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	28,155	12,625	15,530	4,355	2,110	2,245
40. Physical sciences	179,305	122,815	56,485	3,875	2,935	935
41. Science technologies/technicians	31,270	12,980	18,290	790	355	435
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	651,480	420,370	231,110	20,270	14,670	5,610
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	514,685	356,435	158,250	17,230	13,155	4,070
25. Library science	40,820	6,495	34,320	1,390	370	1,020
27. Mathematics and statistics	86,655	50,930	35,725	1,360	920	445
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	9,325	6,510	2,815	295	220	75
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,327,405	3,022,700	304,700	81,555	75,005	6,550
04. Architecture and related services	114,315	72,880	41,435	3,440	2,050	1,390
14. Engineering	752,465	615,880	136,585	13,780	11,775	2,005
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	620,065	551,855	68,205	16,295	14,825	1,470
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	410	85	325	10	0	10
46. Construction trades	702,155	682,710	19,445	19,500	18,830	670
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	731,135	709,430	21,705	17,570	17,045	530
48. Precision production	406,855	389,850	17,005	10,950	10,475	470
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	339,050	219,040	120,010	8,665	5,615	3,050
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	205,930	127,925	78,005	4,520	2,440	2,080
03. Natural resources and conservation	133,120	91,115	42,005	4,145	3,175	965
Health and related fields	2,266,720	441,180	1,825,545	55,530	11,660	43,870
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	164,295	81,260	83,040	3,170	1,780	1,390
51. Health professions and related programs	2,047,680	329,010	1,718,670	50,715	8,975	41,740
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	54,740	30,910	23,830	1,645	905	740
Personal, protective and transportation services	995,825	507,200	488,630	30,595	16,550	14,045
12. Personal and culinary services	565,555	151,530	414,025	17,390	5,295	12,090
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	3,505	3,080	420	65	60	10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	7,900	7,230	670	260	245	10
43. Security and protective services	206,745	150,540	56,205	5,675	4,225	1,455
49. Transportation and materials moving	212,125	194,810	17,315	7,210	6,725	490
Other	3,170	885	2,280	325	115	215
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	3,170	890	2,280	330	115	210
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	18,931,385	9,268,555	9,662,825	429,145	212,840	216,300
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	6,664,380	3,447,130	3,217,250	101,760	52,520	49,235
Education	727,515	160,315	567,205	20,970	4,865	16,110
13. Education	727,515	160,315	567,200	20,975	4,865	16,110
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	467,905	208,365	259,545	12,830	5,695	7,135
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	74,530	53,995	20,535	2,445	1,600	850
50. Visual and performing arts	393,375	154,370	239,005	10,385	4,095	6,285
Humanities	614,815	232,425	382,390	15,660	6,810	8,850
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	76,540	16,200	60,340	2,565	635	1,930
23. English language and literature/letters	133,800	38,310	95,485	385	135	245
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	191,005	71,770	119,235	6,870	3,415	3,455
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	3,140	1,250	1,895	135	90	50
38. Philosophy and religious studies	37,870	21,930	15,940	800	520	275
39. Theology and religious vocations	52,295	31,200	21,090	665	390	270
54. History	82,565	43,475	39,085	1,535	880	660
55. French language and literature/letters	37,600	8,285	29,315	2,710	750	1,965
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,417,625	453,100	964,525	33,195	11,235	21,955
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20,300	4,595	15,705	185	45	140
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	152,080	56,125	95,955	5,050	1,700	3,355
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	259,845	19,160	240,685	6,605	610	5,995
22. Legal professions and studies	241,170	76,720	164,445	6,790	2,360	4,430
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	27,310	6,390	20,920	920	160	760
42. Psychology	218,470	51,570	166,900	4,185	975	3,210
45. Social sciences	498,450	238,540	259,915	9,455	5,390	4,070
Business, management and public administration	2,696,770	1,000,895	1,695,875	80,695	29,975	50,730
30.16 Accounting and computer science	4,955	1,480	3,475	45	15	35
44. Public administration and social service professions	192,190	36,890	155,305	5,350	1,205	4,150
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,499,625	962,530	1,537,095	75,300	28,755	46,545
Physical and life sciences and technologies	449,870	222,120	227,755	11,130	6,095	5,035
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	195,830	79,945	115,880	5,595	2,400	3,195
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	89,205	42,265	46,945	1,095	690	400
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	9,280	3,850	5,430	790	475	315
40. Physical sciences	132,935	87,025	45,905	3,075	2,250	830
41. Science technologies/technicians	22,625	9,035	13,590	580	280	295
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	567,415	368,840	198,575	17,930	12,970	4,960
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	464,000	321,805	142,190	15,655	11,970	3,690
25. Library science	29,955	4,870	25,080	1,120	265	850
27. Mathematics and statistics	65,620	36,895	28,725	910	560	350
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	7,840	5,270	2,575	240	170	70
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,532,555	2,271,735	260,820	62,195	56,525	5,670
04. Architecture and related services	93,135	57,280	35,850	2,835	1,650	1,185
14. Engineering	612,265	490,980	121,285	11,060	9,245	1,815
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	475,045	418,595	56,450	12,700	11,435	1,265
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	350	70	275	15	0	10
46. Construction trades	515,630	499,670	15,960	14,190	13,640	550
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	540,800	523,425	17,375	13,025	12,610	415
48. Precision production	295,335	281,715	13,620	8,365	7,940	425
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	269,445	167,680	101,770	7,080	4,415	2,660
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	159,975	94,680	65,295	3,660	1,895	1,765
03. Natural resources and conservation	109,470	73,000	36,470	3,420	2,525	895
Health and related fields	1,749,545	342,395	1,407,145	41,355	8,730	32,625
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	129,560	63,315	66,245	2,620	1,445	1,180
51. Health professions and related programs	1,576,945	256,895	1,320,050	37,500	6,730	30,765
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	43,040	22,185	20,860	1,235	555	680
Personal, protective and transportation services	770,950	392,820	378,135	24,045	12,900	11,140
12. Personal and culinary services	431,415	114,395	317,025	13,610	4,080	9,530
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	2,725	2,355	375	45	45	10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	4,425	3,975	445	175	165	10
43. Security and protective services	162,995	116,750	46,240	4,395	3,220	1,175
49. Transportation and materials moving	169,400	155,340	14,050	5,820	5,390	425
Other	2,590	745	1,845	295	100	195
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	2,585	740	1,845	295	100	200
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,585	654,805	319,825	334,985
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,815,975	6,354,625	6,461,350	222,150	105,215	116,930
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,235	432,660	214,600	218,055
Location of study inside Canada	13,117,190	6,299,305	6,817,890	413,150	204,030	209,115
Same as province or territory of residence	11,519,215	5,503,640	6,015,575	405,315	199,495	205,825
Different than province or territory of residence	1,597,975	795,655	802,315	7,830	4,540	3,290
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	2,709,850	1,336,505	1,373,345	19,510	10,570	8,940
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	349,540	189,995	159,545	1,680	1,095	580
Philippines	298,830	109,820	189,020	90	15	75
India	281,415	142,410	138,995	70	50	20
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	232,035	131,050	100,980	405	270	130
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	205,375	94,690	110,685	395	185	215
France	88,860	50,400	38,455	6,575	3,790	2,785
Other	1,253,790	618,135	635,655	10,305	5,165	5,130
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	429,140	212,840	216,300
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,664,380	3,447,125	3,217,250	101,760	52,525	49,240
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	12,267,005	5,821,430	6,445,575	327,380	160,315	167,065
Location of study inside Canada	10,134,590	4,807,045	5,327,545	310,970	151,785	159,185
Same as province or territory of residence	8,918,160	4,207,495	4,710,665	305,255	148,560	156,695
Different than province or territory of residence	1,216,425	599,545	616,875	5,720	3,225	2,495
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	2,132,415	1,014,385	1,118,030	16,405	8,530	7,875
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	254,245	131,955	122,290	955	575	380
Philippines	263,095	96,025	167,065	80	15	65
India	239,535	117,445	122,090	50	35	15
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	133,655	73,575	60,085	305	200	100
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	175,825	79,635	96,190	340	145	195
France	72,920	40,610	32,310	5,465	3,050	2,415
Other	993,135	475,145	517,990	9,210	4,510	4,700
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,585	654,810	319,825	334,990
In the labour force	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,645	437,240	225,505	211,730
Employed	17,230,040	8,923,540	8,306,490	417,195	213,590	203,605
Unemployed	1,442,435	808,285	634,150	20,040	11,910	8,125
Not in the labour force	9,970,545	4,258,605	5,711,945	217,575	94,315	123,255
Participation rate	65.2	69.6	61.0	66.8	70.5	63.2
Employment rate	60.2	63.8	56.7	63.7	66.8	60.8
Unemployment rate	7.7	8.3	7.1	4.6	5.3	3.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,580	654,810	319,825	334,985
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	9,282,005	3,930,570	5,351,440	198,595	84,180	114,415
Worked	19,361,010	10,059,865	9,301,150	456,215	235,640	220,570
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	9,626,010	5,402,110	4,223,895	227,280	122,335	104,945
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	9,735,005	4,657,755	5,077,245	228,935	113,305	115,630
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.4	42.9	42.0	43.6	43.7	43.6
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	18,672,470	9,731,825	8,940,640	437,235	225,510	211,730
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,705	206,640	6,070	3,085	2,985
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000	431,165	222,420	208,745
Employee	16,073,685	8,158,745	7,914,940	389,675	197,715	191,960
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	2,194,440	1,375,380	819,060	41,490	24,705	16,785
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	18,672,470	9,731,830	8,940,645	437,235	225,505	211,730
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,710	206,640	6,070	3,085	2,985
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	18,268,120	9,534,120	8,734,005	431,165	222,420	208,745
0 Management occupations	2,013,370	1,251,165	762,205	39,795	25,085	14,710
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,874,305	862,870	2,011,440	78,465	25,335	53,130
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,273,660	990,560	283,105	39,455	30,370	9,085
3 Health occupations	1,245,885	244,730	1,001,155	35,460	7,495	27,965
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,138,445	672,945	1,465,495	57,675	20,610	37,065
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	557,275	255,705	301,570	13,345	6,375	6,970
6 Sales and service occupations	4,265,895	1,843,510	2,422,390	103,735	49,815	53,915
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,668,875	2,504,290	164,585	48,165	45,690	2,470
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	416,135	331,920	84,215	3,310	2,785	530
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	814,285	576,435	237,845	11,770	8,860	2,910
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,640	437,240	225,505	211,730
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,710	206,640	6,075	3,085	2,985
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000	431,165	222,420	208,745
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	444,680	310,000	134,675	3,480	2,385	1,095
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	271,300	219,880	51,420	815	680	135
22 Utilities	136,350	100,135	36,210	1,945	1,515	425
23 Construction	1,365,010	1,196,550	168,455	23,390	20,625	2,770
31-33 Manufacturing	1,596,570	1,149,745	446,820	32,015	23,885	8,130
41 Wholesale trade	665,685	451,230	214,455	13,400	9,855	3,545
44-45 Retail trade	2,110,200	984,090	1,126,115	51,145	24,725	26,420
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	876,050	656,375	219,670	14,895	11,935	2,960
51 Information and cultural industries	420,350	243,650	176,705	7,580	4,800	2,780
52 Finance and insurance	790,580	327,865	462,715	24,810	9,860	14,945
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	333,305	184,350	148,955	6,365	3,875	2,490
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,335,125	740,520	594,605	31,630	18,620	13,010
55 Management of companies and enterprises	28,795	12,795	16,000	210	85	125
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	802,420	462,825	339,590	17,440	11,290	6,155
61 Educational services	1,346,585	420,845	925,735	31,725	10,770	20,955
62 Health care and social assistance	2,138,025	383,755	1,754,270	58,410	12,430	45,985
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	379,740	192,875	186,865	7,930	4,020	3,905
72 Accommodation and food services	1,283,725	535,210	748,515	32,310	15,280	17,030
81 Other services (except public administration)	814,695	371,880	442,815	18,800	8,650	10,150
91 Public administration	1,128,945	589,530	539,405	52,880	27,145	25,735
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	17,230,035	8,923,540	8,306,495	417,200	213,590	203,605
Worked at home	1,272,285	639,500	632,785	23,490	11,790	11,700
Worked outside Canada	78,815	54,235	24,580	775	525	255
No fixed workplace address	1,987,260	1,487,445	499,820	33,120	25,040	8,080
Worked at usual place	13,891,675	6,742,360	7,149,315	359,810	176,245	183,570
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	13,891,680	6,742,365	7,149,315	359,810	176,245	183,570
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	8,102,115	3,723,115	4,379,005	253,535	119,695	133,835
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,906,390	1,435,640	1,470,750	23,070	12,040	11,030
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,725,205	1,492,170	1,233,030	82,530	44,000	38,530
Commute to a different province or territory	157,970	91,445	66,525	680	505	170
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135	392,925	201,280	191,650
Car, truck, van - as a driver	11,748,095	6,380,120	5,367,975	300,565	160,105	140,460
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	868,920	349,855	519,065	15,375	5,245	10,135
Public transit	1,968,215	846,735	1,121,485	43,535	18,470	25,070
Walked	877,985	392,950	485,030	24,760	11,745	13,015
Bicycle	222,130	146,615	75,515	5,160	3,655	1,500
Other method	193,595	113,525	80,060	3,530	2,070	1,465
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	15,878,945	8,229,810	7,649,130	392,925	201,280	191,650
Less than 15 minutes	4,449,920	2,071,365	2,378,555	104,830	51,640	53,190
15 to 29 minutes	5,314,295	2,725,165	2,589,130	169,865	89,190	80,670
30 to 44 minutes	3,228,845	1,782,680	1,446,165	80,430	41,400	39,030
45 to 59 minutes	1,391,060	768,115	622,940	24,155	11,550	12,605
60 minutes and over	1,494,830	882,485	612,345	13,650	7,500	6,150
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135	392,925	201,280	191,650
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,073,680	781,230	292,455	15,290	11,440	3,850
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,814,750	1,754,045	1,060,710	74,760	47,710	27,050
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	4,458,835	2,217,210	2,241,620	140,880	65,425	75,455
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,349,975	1,408,710	1,941,265	78,150	34,425	43,725
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,756,265	752,940	1,003,325	32,185	13,810	18,375
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,425,435	1,315,670	1,109,765	51,660	28,470	23,195
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	19,956,255	10,342,970	9,613,285	465,845	240,200	225,640
Single responses	19,365,980	10,042,855	9,323,130	453,515	233,055	220,465
Official languages	19,090,545	9,897,470	9,193,075	452,940	232,800	220,140
English	15,265,335	7,952,010	7,313,320	9,480	5,720	3,755
French	3,825,215	1,945,465	1,879,750	443,460	227,075	216,385
Non-official languages	275,430	145,380	130,055	575	255	325
Aboriginal languages	24,950	12,385	12,565	35	10	25
Algonquian languages	14,440	7,370	7,070	35	15	20
Blackfoot	80	45	35	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	11,540	5,820	5,720	35	15	25
Atikamekw	1,095	580	515	10	0	10
Montagnais (Innu)	2,055	970	1,085	35	10	20
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	370	180	190	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	40	25	10	0	0	0
Plains Cree	95	60	35	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	15	10	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	75	35	40	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	7,795	3,965	3,835	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	925	510	420	0	0	0
Malecite	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	915	505	410	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	1,895	995	900	0	0	0
Algonquin	45	20	25	0	0	0
Ojibway	765	380	385	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	1,080	595	485	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	1,140	530	610	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	1,135	525	610	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	20	0	15	0	0	0
Chilcotin	20	0	10	0	0	0
Dene	770	360	405	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	165	80	80	0	0	0
Gwich'in	10	10	10	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	135	65	70	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	95	45	45	0	0	0
South Slavey	35	20	20	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages	8,845	4,255	4,595	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	35	10	25	0	0	0
Inuktitut	8,800	4,240	4,555	10	0	10
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Cayuga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	35	10	25	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	10	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	110	25	85	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lillooet	15	10	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	20	10	20	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	35	0	30	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	15	0	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	260	155	105	0	0	0
Dakota	20	10	10	0	0	0
Stoney	240	145	95	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	10	10	10	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	25	0	20	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nisga'a	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	30	15	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	250,485	132,990	117,490	535	240	300
Afro-Asiatic languages	7,380	4,530	2,850	15	10	10
Berber languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Kabyle	20	0	20	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	15	10	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	275	105	170	0	0	0
Bilen	10	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	45	25	20	0	0	0
Somali	220	80	145	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	7,065	4,420	2,650	15	0	0
Amharic	200	95	100	0	0	0
Arabic	5,585	3,695	1,890	15	0	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	205	155	55	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	30	20	15	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	825	335	490	0	0	0
Maltese	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	135	70	60	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	8,550	3,790	4,760	50	20	25
Khmer (Cambodian)	475	230	245	20	10	10
Vietnamese	8,070	3,560	4,510	25	10	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	3,850	1,750	2,095	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	75	20	55	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	25	0	15	0	0	0
Ilocano	110	50	60	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	140	75	65	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	3,450	1,580	1,875	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	40	25	15	0	0	0
Creole languages	350	125	225	0	0	10
Haitian Creole	25	10	15	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	315	110	200	10	0	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	2,225	1,060	1,165	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	90	50	45	0	0	0
Tamil	2,090	1,005	1,080	0	0	0
Telugu	45	10	35	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	85,550	47,305	38,245	325	135	185
Albanian	350	220	125	0	0	0
Armenian	450	220	230	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10,075	4,745	5,330	30	10	20
Baltic languages	95	35	60	0	0	0
Latvian	40	10	25	0	0	0
Lithuanian	60	25	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages	9,980	4,710	5,270	30	10	20
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	155	90	65	10	10	10
Bulgarian	205	110	90	0	0	0
Croatian	220	130	95	0	0	0
Czech	70	40	30	0	0	0
Macedonian	95	45	55	0	0	0
Polish	2,500	1,265	1,235	0	0	0
Russian	4,850	2,135	2,720	20	0	15
Serbian	530	320	210	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	30	25	0	0	0	0
Slovak	100	60	40	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,210	485	725	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	15	15	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	13,285	7,455	5,835	15	0	10
Afrikaans	85	40	40	0	0	0
Danish	90	50	35	0	0	0
Dutch	1,165	630	540	0	0	0
Frisian	40	25	15	0	0	0
German	10,065	5,715	4,345	15	10	10
Icelandic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	65	30	40	0	0	0
Swedish	125	55	70	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	35	20	15	0	0	0
Yiddish	895	390	505	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	720	495	225	0	0	0
Greek	1,020	545	475	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	37,330	21,140	16,190	30	15	20
Indo-Aryan languages	32,485	18,125	14,360	20	0	15
Bengali	530	275	245	10	0	10
Gujarati	880	300	585	0	0	0
Hindi	1,405	755	650	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	10	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	15	15	0	0	0
Nepali	195	95	100	15	0	15
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	27,870	15,945	11,920	0	0	0
Sindhi	35	10	30	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	40	25	20	0	0	0
Urdu	1,495	705	790	0	0	0
Iranian languages	4,820	3,000	1,815	10	0	0
Kurdish	185	150	40	0	0	0
Pashto	50	20	25	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	4,580	2,830	1,750	10	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	23,025	12,965	10,060	240	105	135
Catalan	30	10	20	0	0	0
Italian	1,705	895	805	0	0	0
Portuguese	7,490	4,795	2,695	70	35	35
Romanian	745	365	380	0	0	0
Spanish	13,030	6,885	6,145	165	60	105
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	3,255	1,195	2,065	10	0	10
Kartvelian languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Georgian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Korean	12,150	6,260	5,885	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	235	120	115	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	25	10	20	0	0	0
Bamanankan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	20	10	10	0	0	0
Igbo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	0	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	25	0	15	0	10	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	80	50	30	0	0	0
Wolof	10	0	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	0	15	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	20	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	1,920	740	1,180	40	10	30
American Sign Language	1,145	340	810	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	135	15	115	20	0	20
Sign languages, n.i.e	640	390	255	20	10	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	122,880	65,030	57,850	70	50	20
Chinese languages	122,610	64,880	57,730	75	50	20
Cantonese	58,815	30,485	28,340	25	20	10
Hakka	70	25	45	0	0	0
Mandarin	60,090	32,430	27,665	45	35	15
Min Dong	25	15	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	565	335	225	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	105	65	45	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	2,930	1,530	1,405	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	270	155	115	0	0	0
Burmese	75	35	35	0	0	0
Karenic languages	135	75	55	0	0	0
Tibetan	50	30	20	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	675	270	405	20	10	15
Lao	150	70	80	0	0	0
Thai	525	205	325	20	10	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	750	475	275	10	0	0
Azerbaijani	30	20	0	0	0	0
Turkish	685	435	255	0	0	0
Uyghur	15	15	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	15	10	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	595	270	325	0	0	0
Estonian	50	15	40	0	0	0
Finnish	105	40	65	0	0	0
Hungarian	435	225	215	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	80	45	35	0	0	0
Multiple responses	590,270	300,115	290,155	12,325	7,150	5,175
English and French	412,680	211,095	201,585	11,370	6,730	4,650
English and non-official language	154,285	77,870	76,420	70	30	35
French and non-official language	7,830	3,595	4,235	485	190	295
English, French and non-official language	15,475	7,565	7,915	400	205	195
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	19,956,250	10,342,970	9,613,290	465,845	240,200	225,645
None	17,456,725	9,056,235	8,400,490	370,985	184,450	186,535
English	1,259,225	661,460	597,765	84,765	50,195	34,570
French	705,780	349,035	356,745	7,220	4,245	2,975
Non-official language	496,565	257,455	239,105	1,755	835	920
Aboriginal	37,615	17,215	20,400	110	60	50
Non-Aboriginal	458,945	240,245	218,710	1,640	770	870
English and French	2,535	1,200	1,335	20	10	15
English and non-official language	18,040	8,765	9,280	1,010	430	585
French and non-official language	17,265	8,730	8,540	80	35	40
English, French and non-official language	115	90	30	0	10	10
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	34,091,785	16,783,745	17,308,035	770,955	379,020	391,935
Non-movers	29,644,795	14,593,190	15,051,605	681,920	335,025	346,895
Movers	4,446,990	2,190,555	2,256,435	89,035	44,000	45,035
Non-migrants	2,623,515	1,292,750	1,330,760	63,010	31,375	31,635
Migrants	1,823,475	897,805	925,670	26,025	12,625	13,400
Internal migrants	1,451,005	713,060	737,945	21,955	10,685	11,275
Intraprovincial migrants	1,189,525	580,895	608,630	20,740	10,020	10,720
Interprovincial migrants	261,475	132,160	129,315	1,215	665	545
External migrants	372,475	184,745	187,730	4,070	1,940	2,130
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	32,568,560	16,004,315	16,564,245	736,385	361,465	374,915
Non-movers	20,134,760	9,902,645	10,232,115	470,745	230,585	240,165
Movers	12,433,805	6,101,675	6,332,130	265,645	130,880	134,760
Non-migrants	6,755,630	3,314,730	3,440,905	176,880	87,390	89,495
Migrants	5,678,175	2,786,945	2,891,230	88,755	43,495	45,265
Internal migrants	4,296,720	2,104,325	2,192,395	73,325	35,935	37,395
Intraprovincial migrants	3,467,670	1,689,950	1,777,720	69,295	33,805	35,490
Interprovincial migrants	829,045	414,375	414,670	4,030	2,125	1,905
External migrants	1,381,460	682,625	698,835	15,430	7,565	7,865