Census Profile, 2016 Census
Canada [Country] and Calgary, City [Census subdivision], Alberta

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Canada [Country]			Calgary, CY Alberta [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Canada [Country]  Map : Canada [Country] Change geography 1			Data quality : Calgary, City [Census subdivision], Alberta  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	35,151,728	...	...	1,239,220	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	33,476,688	...	...	1,096,833	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	5.0	...	...	13.0	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	15,412,443	...	...	489,650	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	14,072,079	...	...	466,725	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	3.9	...	...	1,501.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	8,965,588.85	...	...	825.56	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	35,151,730	17,264,200	17,887,530	1,239,220	618,245	620,975
0 to 14 years	5,839,565	2,992,920	2,846,645	226,980	116,520	110,460
0 to 4 years	1,898,790	973,030	925,760	77,985	40,055	37,930
5 to 9 years	2,018,130	1,034,685	983,445	79,365	40,865	38,500
10 to 14 years	1,922,645	985,200	937,445	69,630	35,600	34,030
15 to 64 years	23,376,530	11,576,130	11,800,400	873,835	438,600	435,235
15 to 19 years	2,026,160	1,039,215	986,940	69,730	35,750	33,985
20 to 24 years	2,242,690	1,144,495	1,098,200	78,640	39,855	38,785
25 to 29 years	2,285,990	1,144,470	1,141,515	100,140	49,745	50,390
30 to 34 years	2,329,395	1,148,290	1,181,110	109,445	54,705	54,740
35 to 39 years	2,288,365	1,118,635	1,169,730	100,400	49,855	50,540
40 to 44 years	2,255,135	1,104,440	1,150,695	93,405	46,790	46,615
45 to 49 years	2,359,965	1,157,760	1,202,210	87,810	44,415	43,400
50 to 54 years	2,678,075	1,318,755	1,359,320	86,890	43,590	43,295
55 to 59 years	2,620,240	1,285,190	1,335,055	82,265	41,220	41,045
60 to 64 years	2,290,510	1,114,885	1,175,630	65,120	32,675	32,440
65 years and over	5,935,630	2,695,150	3,240,485	138,405	63,120	75,285
65 to 69 years	1,972,480	953,075	1,019,405	48,920	23,915	25,005
70 to 74 years	1,420,875	677,975	742,900	31,590	15,040	16,550
75 to 79 years	1,021,850	469,550	552,300	22,715	10,220	12,495
80 to 84 years	749,650	325,765	423,880	17,315	7,495	9,820
85 years and over	770,780	268,790	501,990	17,860	6,455	11,410
85 to 89 years	482,525	185,535	296,990	11,435	4,505	6,930
90 to 94 years	223,510	68,675	154,835	4,925	1,595	3,335
95 to 99 years	56,525	13,240	43,280	1,335	335	1,000
100 years and over	8,230	1,340	6,890	160	15	145
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.3	15.9	18.3	18.8	17.8
15 to 64 years	66.5	67.1	66.0	70.5	70.9	70.1
65 years and over	16.9	15.6	18.1	11.2	10.2	12.1
85 years and over	2.2	1.6	2.8	1.4	1.0	1.8
Average age of the population	41.0	40.1	41.9	37.6	37.0	38.2
Median age of the population	41.2	40.2	42.2	36.7	36.2	37.1
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	14,072,080	...	...	466,725	...	...
Single-detached house	7,541,495	...	...	262,950	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,391,040	...	...	32,885	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	4,949,795	...	...	168,855	...	...
Semi-detached house	698,800	...	...	29,270	...	...
Row house	891,305	...	...	44,675	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	784,300	...	...	21,865	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,539,390	...	...	72,850	...	...
Other single-attached house	36,005	...	...	200	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	189,755	...	...	2,030	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	14,072,080	...	...	466,725	...	...
1 person	3,969,790	...	...	114,185	...	...
2 persons	4,834,605	...	...	150,820	...	...
3 persons	2,140,640	...	...	78,495	...	...
4 persons	1,946,275	...	...	75,330	...	...
5 or more persons	1,180,770	...	...	47,890	...	...
Number of persons in private households	34,460,060	...	...	1,222,325	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	29,312,160	14,271,280	15,040,885	1,012,245	501,720	510,520
Married or living common law	16,893,720	8,452,135	8,441,585	596,630	299,175	297,455
Married	13,383,455	6,693,465	6,689,990	506,625	254,030	252,600
Living common law	3,510,265	1,758,670	1,751,590	90,005	45,145	44,860
Not married and not living common law	12,418,440	5,819,140	6,599,300	415,610	202,545	213,065
Never married	8,254,340	4,444,425	3,809,915	293,200	160,610	132,585
Separated	718,295	309,905	408,400	22,285	9,740	12,545
Divorced	1,816,005	725,535	1,090,470	62,270	24,270	38,000
Widowed	1,629,800	339,280	1,290,525	37,860	7,920	29,935
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	9,840,730	...	...	337,125	...	...
2 persons	5,007,790	...	...	155,535	...	...
3 persons	2,107,830	...	...	75,950	...	...
4 persons	1,909,935	...	...	74,800	...	...
5 or more persons	815,170	...	...	30,835	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	9,840,730	...	...	337,125	...	...
Total couple families	8,227,925	...	...	289,540	...	...
Married couples	6,474,005	...	...	244,545	...	...
Common-law couples	1,753,920	...	...	44,990	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,612,805	...	...	47,580	...	...
Female parent	1,262,340	...	...	37,090	...	...
Male parent	350,465	...	...	10,500	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	8,227,925	...	...	289,540	...	...
Couples without children	4,024,305	...	...	126,120	...	...
Couples with children	4,203,615	...	...	163,420	...	...
1 child	1,650,165	...	...	62,440	...	...
2 children	1,783,080	...	...	71,345	...	...
3 or more children	770,375	...	...	29,630	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,612,805	...	...	47,585	...	...
1 child	983,485	...	...	29,415	...	...
2 children	457,670	...	...	13,510	...	...
3 or more children	171,655	...	...	4,660	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	6,107,260	2,941,395	3,165,865	219,585	112,510	107,075
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	14,072,075	...	...	466,725	...	...
One-census-family households	9,218,225	...	...	310,260	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	3,782,095	...	...	115,180	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	5,436,135	...	...	195,090	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	301,715	...	...	12,935	...	...
Non-census-family households	4,552,135	...	...	143,525	...	...
One-person households	3,969,790	...	...	114,190	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	582,350	...	...	29,335	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,080	1,227,995	612,735	615,255
English only	23,757,525	11,838,075	11,919,455	1,108,175	558,845	549,330
French only	4,144,685	1,925,845	2,218,840	1,170	510	660
English and French	6,216,065	3,071,325	3,144,740	89,400	41,380	48,015
Neither English nor French	648,970	265,920	383,045	29,245	11,995	17,250
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085	1,227,990	612,735	615,260
English	26,007,500	12,852,330	13,155,165	1,172,990	587,775	585,215
French	7,705,755	3,780,105	3,925,650	18,965	9,605	9,365
English and French	417,485	209,130	208,355	7,405	3,665	3,740
Neither English nor French	636,515	259,600	376,910	28,630	11,690	16,945
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	7,914,495	3,884,670	4,029,825	22,670	11,440	11,230
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	22.8	22.7	22.8	1.8	1.9	1.8
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,085	1,227,990	612,735	615,260
Single responses	33,948,620	16,702,840	17,245,775	1,189,870	594,175	595,695
Official languages	26,627,555	13,201,620	13,425,940	824,965	418,045	406,920
English	19,460,850	9,680,125	9,780,725	806,815	408,850	397,965
French	7,166,705	3,521,495	3,645,215	18,150	9,195	8,955
Non-official languages	7,321,065	3,501,220	3,819,840	364,905	176,130	188,775
Aboriginal languages	195,700	94,795	100,900	690	255	440
Algonquian languages	130,450	62,930	67,520	485	185	300
Blackfoot	2,815	1,325	1,490	225	85	135
Cree-Montagnais languages	88,445	42,920	45,530	190	80	115
Atikamekw	6,150	3,135	3,015	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	10,230	4,885	5,350	0	0	0
Moose Cree	100	50	55	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,205	590	620	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	315	125	190	0	0	0
Plains Cree	3,065	1,360	1,710	50	20	30
Southern East Cree	45	20	25	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	1,440	585	850	10	0	5
Woods Cree	1,840	865	975	10	0	5
Cree, n.o.s.	64,050	31,305	32,745	125	55	70
Eastern Algonquian languages	6,990	3,310	3,680	10	5	0
Malecite	305	140	160	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	6,690	3,170	3,520	10	5	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	32,150	15,350	16,800	60	15	45
Algonquin	1,260	590	670	0	5	0
Ojibway	17,890	8,440	9,450	55	10	45
Oji-Cree	12,855	6,260	6,595	5	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	150	65	85	5	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	45	25	20	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	17,365	8,325	9,045	55	20	30
Northern Athabaskan languages	17,315	8,310	9,010	50	20	35
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	110	55	60	0	0	0
Beaver	190	85	105	0	0	0
Carrier	1,025	465	565	0	5	0
Chilcotin	660	295	360	0	0	0
Dene	10,700	5,185	5,515	15	10	10
Dogrib (Tlicho)	1,645	840	815	0	0	5
Gwich'in	260	110	145	5	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	80	25	50	20	5	10
Sekani	90	45	45	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	1,995	950	1,045	5	0	5
North Slavey (Hare)	765	365	400	0	0	0
South Slavey	945	455	495	0	0	5
Slavey, n.o.s.	280	130	150	5	0	0
Tahltan languages	270	135	140	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	180	90	90	0	0	0
Tahltan	95	40	50	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	290	120	170	5	0	0
Northern Tutchone	215	90	135	5	0	0
Southern Tutchone	70	30	40	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	50	20	35	0	0	0
Haida	75	35	40	0	0	0
Inuit languages	36,545	18,100	18,445	20	10	10
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,025	445	575	0	0	0
Inuktitut	35,215	17,530	17,680	5	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	315	125	185	5	0	10
Iroquoian languages	1,115	485	635	5	0	5
Cayuga	45	20	20	0	0	0
Mohawk	980	430	555	5	0	0
Oneida	55	20	40	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	35	15	20	0	0	0
Kutenai	105	55	55	5	0	0
Michif	465	230	235	10	5	5
Salish languages	2,305	1,130	1,180	5	0	0
Comox	80	45	40	0	0	0
Halkomelem	475	225	245	0	0	0
Lillooet	315	155	155	0	0	0
Okanagan	270	135	135	5	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	445	225	220	0	0	0
Squamish	40	20	20	0	0	0
Straits	80	40	40	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	335	150	185	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	255	135	125	0	0	0
Siouan languages	4,285	2,070	2,220	95	25	65
Dakota	1,215	570	635	20	10	15
Stoney	3,025	1,465	1,555	70	20	50
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	55	30	25	0	0	0
Tlingit	95	40	55	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	1,480	730	755	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	880	435	445	0	0	0
Nisga'a	400	200	200	0	0	0
Tsimshian	200	90	110	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	805	370	435	0	0	5
Haisla	90	40	50	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	95	40	55	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	325	145	185	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	285	135	140	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	585	295	295	20	10	10
Non-Aboriginal languages	7,125,365	3,406,425	3,718,945	364,210	175,875	188,335
Afro-Asiatic languages	575,365	298,060	277,300	28,975	15,200	13,775
Berber languages	22,135	11,865	10,270	135	75	60
Kabyle	13,150	6,995	6,155	60	30	30
Berber languages, n.i.e.	8,985	4,865	4,115	70	45	30
Cushitic languages	42,885	20,095	22,790	2,460	1,225	1,240
Bilen	805	455	350	50	25	20
Oromo	4,960	2,560	2,400	940	485	460
Somali	36,755	16,895	19,865	1,460	705	755
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	365	195	170	10	5	5
Semitic languages	509,190	265,465	243,725	26,340	13,875	12,465
Amharic	22,465	10,720	11,745	4,050	1,955	2,090
Arabic	419,890	220,785	199,105	18,390	9,875	8,510
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	16,070	7,910	8,160	280	150	130
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5,545	2,780	2,770	80	40	40
Harari	1,320	635	685	70	40	30
Hebrew	19,530	10,480	9,045	480	240	240
Maltese	5,565	2,765	2,800	30	15	20
Tigrigna	16,650	8,310	8,340	2,750	1,460	1,290
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	2,155	1,085	1,070	210	100	110
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	1,155	635	520	45	30	15
Austro-Asiatic languages	176,725	81,810	94,920	13,400	6,260	7,140
Khmer (Cambodian)	20,130	9,270	10,860	840	400	435
Vietnamese	156,425	72,470	83,955	12,550	5,855	6,695
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	170	65	100	10	0	5
Austronesian languages	511,480	211,580	299,900	46,440	20,160	26,280
Bikol	1,790	790	1,000	190	80	105
Cebuano	19,890	7,930	11,960	1,930	825	1,105
Fijian	745	400	345	40	20	15
Hiligaynon	6,885	2,680	4,205	665	260	400
Ilocano	26,345	10,620	15,720	2,545	1,110	1,435
Malagasy	1,430	665	760	25	10	15
Malay	12,275	5,255	7,020	765	330	430
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	4,040	1,865	2,175	260	130	130
Pangasinan	1,390	590	800	125	50	75
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	431,380	178,575	252,810	39,285	17,065	22,215
Waray-Waray	1,110	430	675	140	70	75
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	4,195	1,770	2,425	470	195	275
Creole languages	72,125	32,310	39,820	605	305	300
Haitian Creole	3,030	1,445	1,590	15	10	5
Creole, n.o.s.	64,105	28,455	35,660	410	205	210
Creole languages, n.i.e.	4,985	2,410	2,575	180	95	85
Dravidian languages	189,405	94,765	94,640	5,145	2,675	2,470
Kannada	3,970	2,040	1,935	285	140	145
Malayalam	28,570	14,770	13,800	2,085	1,075	1,015
Tamil	140,720	69,080	71,640	1,815	960	855
Telugu	15,655	8,640	7,020	930	495	435
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	490	240	250	25	10	15
Hmong-Mien languages	795	395	405	90	45	45
Indo-European languages	3,877,330	1,889,400	1,987,930	175,540	86,895	88,640
Albanian	26,890	13,610	13,285	1,325	700	625
Armenian	33,455	16,270	17,185	245	125	120
Balto-Slavic languages	701,975	323,640	378,340	29,595	13,845	15,750
Baltic languages	12,530	5,315	7,215	495	230	265
Latvian	5,455	2,350	3,105	170	75	90
Lithuanian	7,075	2,965	4,115	325	155	170
Slavic languages	689,450	318,325	371,115	29,105	13,615	15,485
Belarusan	810	385	430	20	10	10
Bosnian	12,210	6,035	6,180	780	390	395
Bulgarian	20,025	9,675	10,345	925	475	450
Croatian	48,200	23,540	24,665	1,890	930	960
Czech	22,290	10,525	11,765	1,360	640	725
Macedonian	16,775	8,050	8,725	150	75	75
Polish	181,710	82,435	99,275	7,680	3,610	4,065
Russian	188,255	85,400	102,855	9,255	4,185	5,070
Serbian	57,350	28,535	28,815	1,815	910	905
Serbo-Croatian	9,555	4,565	4,985	515	245	265
Slovak	17,580	8,075	9,510	1,075	520	555
Slovene (Slovenian)	9,790	4,415	5,370	235	105	135
Ukrainian	102,485	45,440	57,040	3,345	1,485	1,860
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	2,415	1,255	1,165	50	30	25
Celtic languages	2,690	1,335	1,360	115	60	60
Scottish Gaelic	1,090	540	550	50	20	25
Welsh	1,075	495	575	55	30	25
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	530	295	235	15	10	10
Germanic languages	538,765	258,410	280,350	15,660	7,500	8,155
Afrikaans	10,265	5,115	5,145	800	395	405
Danish	12,630	6,245	6,390	750	385	370
Dutch	99,020	48,200	50,820	3,435	1,720	1,720
Frisian	2,100	1,095	1,005	30	15	15
German	384,035	183,215	200,820	9,895	4,655	5,245
Icelandic	1,285	600	685	60	35	30
Norwegian	4,615	2,170	2,445	225	90	130
Swedish	6,840	3,015	3,825	275	125	155
Vlaams (Flemish)	3,895	1,730	2,165	90	45	50
Yiddish	13,555	6,750	6,800	80	40	45
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	525	280	240	5	10	0
Greek	106,525	53,350	53,170	1,470	735	735
Indo-Iranian languages	1,312,750	664,120	648,630	87,130	44,155	42,975
Indo-Aryan languages	1,064,760	538,530	526,235	74,315	37,490	36,825
Bengali	73,125	37,410	35,720	4,070	2,080	1,985
Gujarati	108,780	55,105	53,670	5,390	2,715	2,675
Hindi	110,640	55,880	54,765	7,050	3,595	3,455
Kashmiri	565	300	265	80	45	40
Konkani	3,330	1,625	1,710	165	85	85
Marathi	8,295	4,300	3,995	845	435	410
Nepali	18,275	9,230	9,045	1,925	1,010	915
Oriya (Odia)	1,055	560	495	100	50	45
Punjabi (Panjabi)	501,680	253,515	248,160	35,780	18,020	17,760
Sindhi	11,860	5,605	6,260	1,675	785	890
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	16,335	8,050	8,285	925	450	470
Urdu	210,815	106,960	103,860	16,320	8,220	8,095
Iranian languages	242,805	122,835	119,970	11,875	6,170	5,705
Kurdish	11,705	6,345	5,355	740	395	345
Pashto	16,910	8,760	8,145	1,610	825	785
Persian (Farsi)	214,200	107,725	106,470	9,525	4,955	4,570
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5,180	2,755	2,425	935	490	445
Italic (Romance) languages	1,154,270	558,660	595,615	39,990	19,765	20,225
Catalan	865	440	425	45	15	30
Italian	375,635	184,415	191,220	5,000	2,550	2,455
Portuguese	221,540	106,630	114,910	3,360	1,600	1,760
Romanian	96,665	46,195	50,470	4,495	2,285	2,210
Spanish	458,850	220,605	238,245	27,075	13,310	13,765
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	720	380	340	10	5	5
Japanese	43,640	14,790	28,855	2,310	815	1,495
Kartvelian languages	1,715	910	805	130	70	55
Georgian	1,715	910	805	125	70	55
Korean	153,425	70,310	83,115	8,880	4,110	4,770
Mongolic languages	1,575	690	885	450	210	240
Mongolian	1,575	690	880	450	210	240
Niger-Congo languages	91,375	45,075	46,305	5,580	2,865	2,720
Akan (Twi)	13,455	6,490	6,970	640	335	305
Bamanankan	1,535	815	720	10	5	5
Edo	1,670	770	900	100	65	40
Ewe	1,760	950	805	60	35	25
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	2,825	1,495	1,335	80	45	35
Ga	920	445	470	55	30	25
Ganda	1,295	625	665	40	20	20
Igbo	4,235	2,265	1,970	680	365	320
Lingala	3,810	1,785	2,025	85	35	45
Rundi (Kirundi)	5,845	2,785	3,060	140	70	75
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5,250	2,355	2,895	115	60	60
Shona	3,180	1,520	1,665	290	145	145
Swahili	13,370	6,385	6,990	760	370	390
Wolof	3,990	2,170	1,820	120	65	55
Yoruba	9,085	4,785	4,300	1,375	720	650
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	19,135	9,435	9,695	1,040	515	525
Nilo-Saharan languages	5,870	3,025	2,845	1,495	735	755
Dinka	2,120	1,115	1,000	720	360	360
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	3,755	1,910	1,840	770	375	395
Sign languages	7,500	3,925	3,575	235	130	105
American Sign Language	2,685	1,320	1,360	85	45	45
Quebec Sign Language	695	340	355	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	4,120	2,265	1,860	150	90	60
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,269,215	589,570	679,645	68,130	32,075	36,060
Chinese languages	1,253,360	581,650	671,715	66,895	31,460	35,430
Cantonese	565,270	262,865	302,405	33,700	15,840	17,865
Hakka	10,910	4,900	6,015	340	155	190
Mandarin	592,040	274,630	317,410	28,355	13,370	14,985
Min Dong	1,230	580	650	45	20	25
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	31,795	14,450	17,350	1,675	745	925
Wu (Shanghainese)	12,915	5,780	7,140	370	170	195
Chinese, n.o.s.	38,580	18,165	20,410	2,400	1,155	1,245
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	610	275	335	10	5	10
Tibeto-Burman languages	15,850	7,925	7,935	1,240	610	620
Burmese	3,585	1,795	1,790	260	135	130
Karenic languages	4,705	2,355	2,350	280	130	150
Tibetan	6,165	3,080	3,080	545	280	270
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	1,400	695	705	145	65	80
Tai-Kadai languages	22,010	8,870	13,145	1,005	365	640
Lao	12,670	6,145	6,525	430	200	235
Thai	9,255	2,690	6,565	565	165	400
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	80	35	55	5	5	5
Turkic languages	40,140	21,120	19,025	1,725	945	775
Azerbaijani	3,260	1,785	1,470	240	135	105
Turkish	32,815	17,375	15,440	1,210	685	525
Uyghur	1,035	510	525	60	25	30
Uzbek	1,715	855	865	70	35	40
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	1,315	590	720	140	60	75
Uralic languages	81,985	37,790	44,195	3,760	1,810	1,950
Estonian	5,445	2,325	3,115	85	45	45
Finnish	15,295	6,395	8,900	280	105	170
Hungarian	61,235	29,060	32,175	3,395	1,655	1,735
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	3,690	2,045	1,645	320	195	130
Multiple responses	818,635	398,325	420,305	38,125	18,560	19,560
English and French	165,320	80,460	84,860	3,195	1,530	1,670
English and non-official language	533,265	259,160	274,100	33,170	16,195	16,975
French and non-official language	86,150	42,170	43,985	1,005	510	490
English, French and non-official language	33,900	16,535	17,365	750	320	430
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085	1,227,990	612,735	615,255
Single responses	33,103,860	16,298,475	16,805,395	1,145,000	572,180	572,820
Official languages	29,106,670	14,383,020	14,723,645	932,600	468,485	464,115
English	22,162,865	10,966,135	11,196,730	924,945	464,585	460,360
French	6,943,800	3,416,890	3,526,910	7,650	3,905	3,750
Non-official languages	3,997,195	1,915,450	2,081,750	212,405	103,695	108,710
Aboriginal languages	118,470	59,720	58,750	185	90	95
Algonquian languages	75,080	37,825	37,260	125	65	60
Blackfoot	1,115	555	555	60	30	30
Cree-Montagnais languages	55,825	28,135	27,685	60	30	25
Atikamekw	5,465	2,825	2,640	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	8,590	4,195	4,395	5	0	0
Moose Cree	10	5	5	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,200	595	605	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	110	55	60	0	0	0
Plains Cree	1,350	665	685	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	20	5	15	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	330	140	190	0	0	0
Woods Cree	800	410	390	5	0	5
Cree, n.o.s.	37,945	19,240	18,710	55	30	25
Eastern Algonquian languages	3,615	1,795	1,820	0	0	0
Malecite	55	30	30	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	3,560	1,770	1,795	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	14,525	7,335	7,190	5	0	5
Algonquin	370	170	200	0	0	0
Ojibway	6,175	3,165	3,015	5	0	5
Oji-Cree	7,900	3,960	3,940	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	75	40	35	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10,265	5,125	5,135	15	5	10
Northern Athabaskan languages	10,255	5,120	5,135	15	5	10
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Beaver	50	30	20	0	0	0
Carrier	245	115	130	0	0	0
Chilcotin	255	125	130	0	0	0
Dene	7,710	3,805	3,905	5	0	5
Dogrib (Tlicho)	1,020	550	475	5	0	0
Gwich'in	45	25	25	5	5	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	10	5	5	5	5	5
Sekani	15	10	5	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	820	425	395	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	340	180	155	0	0	0
South Slavey	370	190	185	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	105	55	55	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	25	10	10	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	5	5	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	25	15	10	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	10	0	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Haida	10	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	29,490	14,995	14,495	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	165	75	90	0	0	0
Inuktitut	29,230	14,885	14,345	0	0	5
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	90	40	55	5	0	0
Iroquoian languages	285	135	155	0	0	0
Cayuga	10	0	5	0	0	0
Mohawk	255	115	140	0	0	0
Oneida	15	5	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kutenai	15	10	5	0	0	5
Michif	85	40	45	5	5	5
Salish languages	285	130	150	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	45	20	25	0	0	0
Lillooet	25	15	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	85	35	45	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	55	30	20	0	0	0
Squamish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Straits	20	10	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages	2,225	1,085	1,140	25	10	15
Dakota	255	140	120	15	0	5
Stoney	1,950	940	1,010	15	10	5
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Tlingit	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	410	210	190	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	315	155	155	0	0	0
Nisga'a	70	40	30	0	0	0
Tsimshian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	75	45	35	0	0	0
Haisla	20	10	15	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	235	110	125	10	5	5
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,878,725	1,855,730	2,022,995	212,220	103,610	108,615
Afro-Asiatic languages	307,755	153,275	154,480	17,955	9,170	8,785
Berber languages	8,105	4,215	3,895	60	35	25
Kabyle	5,490	2,855	2,640	25	15	10
Berber languages, n.i.e.	2,620	1,365	1,260	30	20	15
Cushitic languages	27,095	12,455	14,640	1,640	800	845
Bilen	620	330	285	50	25	25
Oromo	3,410	1,700	1,710	705	345	350
Somali	22,895	10,340	12,555	890	425	465
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	185	85	95	5	0	5
Semitic languages	272,100	136,390	135,720	16,240	8,325	7,910
Amharic	12,780	6,010	6,770	2,705	1,295	1,405
Arabic	223,540	112,690	110,850	10,795	5,585	5,200
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10,510	5,090	5,425	195	95	95
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	3,445	1,695	1,750	70	35	30
Harari	735	335	400	45	25	25
Hebrew	8,560	4,425	4,135	240	120	120
Maltese	1,130	525	605	5	0	5
Tigrigna	10,205	5,040	5,170	2,045	1,085	955
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	1,200	585	620	145	70	75
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	440	215	230	15	10	5
Austro-Asiatic languages	115,210	53,500	61,710	8,780	4,135	4,645
Khmer (Cambodian)	10,880	4,940	5,945	430	210	215
Vietnamese	104,245	48,525	55,725	8,350	3,920	4,425
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	85	40	45	0	0	5
Austronesian languages	239,785	108,110	131,680	24,830	11,580	13,255
Bikol	290	140	155	30	15	20
Cebuano	7,210	3,325	3,880	820	385	430
Fijian	195	105	90	15	10	5
Hiligaynon	2,205	970	1,240	205	90	110
Ilocano	9,125	4,045	5,080	1,020	475	545
Malagasy	435	220	210	15	5	10
Malay	3,620	1,710	1,910	230	125	105
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,200	565	630	65	30	35
Pangasinan	240	110	135	20	5	10
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	213,790	96,235	117,555	22,235	10,355	11,880
Waray-Waray	310	135	170	50	25	25
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,160	545	620	145	60	85
Creole languages	27,860	12,005	15,850	280	145	140
Haitian Creole	1,280	575	705	5	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	24,575	10,510	14,060	210	110	110
Creole languages, n.i.e.	2,005	920	1,085	65	35	30
Dravidian languages	122,490	59,780	62,710	3,120	1,590	1,535
Kannada	1,630	825	800	115	60	55
Malayalam	15,440	7,865	7,575	1,280	650	630
Tamil	96,955	46,570	50,385	1,160	585	570
Telugu	8,280	4,430	3,850	550	285	265
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	190	85	105	20	10	10
Hmong-Mien languages	340	160	180	55	25	30
Indo-European languages	1,911,215	927,225	983,985	97,370	48,430	48,940
Albanian	13,135	6,575	6,560	610	330	285
Armenian	21,505	10,165	11,345	105	50	55
Balto-Slavic languages	314,965	149,315	165,650	13,305	6,505	6,800
Baltic languages	3,275	1,400	1,870	230	120	110
Latvian	1,255	530	725	75	45	35
Lithuanian	2,020	870	1,150	150	80	70
Slavic languages	311,690	147,910	163,780	13,075	6,385	6,695
Belarusan	230	105	120	5	0	0
Bosnian	6,045	3,010	3,040	350	175	175
Bulgarian	11,985	5,835	6,150	470	240	230
Croatian	16,775	7,980	8,795	675	335	345
Czech	6,235	3,060	3,180	395	190	200
Macedonian	6,830	3,250	3,580	80	35	40
Polish	74,780	34,910	39,870	3,130	1,515	1,615
Russian	116,595	55,175	61,425	5,645	2,730	2,915
Serbian	31,750	15,665	16,085	930	455	470
Serbo-Croatian	3,885	1,865	2,020	175	90	90
Slovak	5,615	2,685	2,920	420	205	210
Slovene (Slovenian)	2,050	905	1,145	35	15	25
Ukrainian	28,250	13,150	15,100	760	385	370
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	670	310	360	5	5	5
Celtic languages	360	205	155	15	10	5
Scottish Gaelic	185	105	80	5	5	0
Welsh	95	50	45	5	0	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	80	50	30	5	5	0
Germanic languages	146,455	71,835	74,615	2,050	965	1,090
Afrikaans	4,790	2,355	2,435	405	195	215
Danish	855	410	445	60	25	30
Dutch	9,565	4,630	4,935	395	195	200
Frisian	185	95	90	5	0	0
German	120,335	58,905	61,435	1,075	505	580
Icelandic	270	120	150	15	10	5
Norwegian	345	145	200	25	10	15
Swedish	1,045	500	545	50	20	25
Vlaams (Flemish)	355	170	185	10	5	5
Yiddish	7,080	3,695	3,385	10	5	5
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	1,625	820	810	5	0	0
Greek	44,545	21,110	23,440	475	225	255
Indo-Iranian languages	838,755	416,960	421,795	58,850	29,535	29,315
Indo-Aryan languages	676,185	337,440	338,745	50,505	25,335	25,170
Bengali	47,350	23,585	23,765	2,715	1,360	1,355
Gujarati	64,150	31,740	32,405	3,055	1,530	1,525
Hindi	55,510	27,805	27,710	3,980	2,050	1,930
Kashmiri	135	70	70	45	25	25
Konkani	720	355	370	35	15	15
Marathi	3,780	1,940	1,840	445	225	215
Nepali	13,375	6,710	6,670	1,330	685	645
Oriya (Odia)	470	235	240	50	25	20
Punjabi (Panjabi)	349,145	174,905	174,240	26,985	13,525	13,460
Sindhi	4,975	2,280	2,695	720	320	405
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	7,790	3,860	3,925	470	235	240
Urdu	128,785	63,965	64,820	10,685	5,345	5,345
Iranian languages	160,195	78,310	81,880	7,855	3,950	3,905
Kurdish	6,580	3,400	3,175	450	230	220
Pashto	10,590	5,305	5,290	1,030	520	505
Persian (Farsi)	143,020	69,600	73,425	6,375	3,195	3,175
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	2,375	1,215	1,160	490	250	240
Italic (Romance) languages	531,485	251,050	280,440	21,950	10,805	11,145
Catalan	355	165	190	20	10	15
Italian	115,415	49,975	65,440	1,215	535	680
Portuguese	98,710	46,915	51,795	1,645	790	855
Romanian	53,320	25,795	27,525	2,330	1,195	1,135
Spanish	263,510	128,110	135,400	16,740	8,270	8,470
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	180	85	95	0	0	0
Japanese	19,785	8,265	11,515	1,070	470	600
Kartvelian languages	1,040	565	475	80	45	35
Georgian	1,035	565	475	80	45	35
Korean	109,705	51,385	58,320	6,340	3,015	3,325
Mongolic languages	910	440	470	280	130	145
Mongolian	910	435	470	280	130	145
Niger-Congo languages	28,665	13,340	15,320	1,745	840	905
Akan (Twi)	5,990	2,695	3,295	300	155	145
Bamanankan	340	180	160	0	0	0
Edo	415	175	240	25	10	15
Ewe	410	185	225	15	5	5
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	825	400	425	45	20	20
Ga	250	105	140	15	10	5
Ganda	345	160	185	0	0	0
Igbo	1,000	485	510	130	65	70
Lingala	1,045	455	590	25	5	20
Rundi (Kirundi)	2,110	990	1,115	65	30	30
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	1,530	670	865	25	10	15
Shona	1,035	475	560	95	40	55
Swahili	5,370	2,500	2,870	340	150	185
Wolof	1,380	745	635	65	35	30
Yoruba	2,615	1,275	1,340	330	160	170
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	4,010	1,850	2,160	265	130	140
Nilo-Saharan languages	2,650	1,305	1,350	900	435	465
Dinka	1,130	580	550	440	215	225
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	1,525	730	800	460	220	240
Sign languages	10,445	5,870	4,570	315	180	135
American Sign Language	3,015	1,560	1,460	80	40	40
Quebec Sign Language	730	375	355	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	6,690	3,935	2,755	235	140	95
Sino-Tibetan languages	924,720	433,530	491,190	46,320	22,040	24,280
Chinese languages	913,365	427,860	485,505	45,440	21,595	23,845
Cantonese	400,215	184,340	215,885	22,030	10,280	11,750
Hakka	4,080	1,820	2,265	100	35	65
Mandarin	462,890	220,075	242,815	20,880	10,115	10,765
Min Dong	345	150	195	5	5	5
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	13,965	6,345	7,625	670	295	380
Wu (Shanghainese)	7,650	3,580	4,075	210	105	100
Chinese, n.o.s.	23,935	11,440	12,500	1,550	770	785
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	280	130	150	5	5	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	11,350	5,670	5,680	875	440	440
Burmese	2,245	1,115	1,125	175	85	85
Karenic languages	3,865	1,935	1,930	235	105	125
Tibetan	4,590	2,305	2,280	400	210	190
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	655	305	345	75	35	35
Tai-Kadai languages	9,565	4,455	5,110	380	170	215
Lao	6,175	2,995	3,180	175	80	95
Thai	3,360	1,450	1,915	195	85	115
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	30	15	15	5	5	5
Turkic languages	22,250	11,205	11,045	975	515	465
Azerbaijani	1,245	640	610	105	55	45
Turkish	18,955	9,525	9,430	730	390	345
Uyghur	610	315	290	40	20	25
Uzbek	990	505	490	55	25	30
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	455	230	225	45	25	25
Uralic languages	23,245	10,715	12,535	1,300	635	660
Estonian	975	365	610	15	5	10
Finnish	2,790	1,220	1,565	35	20	15
Hungarian	19,485	9,125	10,355	1,245	610	635
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	1,110	605	500	115	70	45
Multiple responses	1,663,390	802,695	860,690	82,990	40,555	42,435
English and French	160,185	77,940	82,235	2,155	1,080	1,075
English and non-official language	1,284,975	620,375	664,600	79,255	38,725	40,530
French and non-official language	148,915	70,915	78,000	365	180	190
English, French and non-official language	69,315	33,465	35,850	1,210	570	645
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	34,767,255	17,101,165	17,666,080	1,227,990	612,735	615,260
None	29,615,245	14,612,175	15,003,065	1,014,475	509,200	505,275
English	2,109,340	1,045,215	1,064,120	92,865	46,230	46,640
French	731,095	342,245	388,855	11,900	5,445	6,460
Non-official language	2,151,690	1,023,940	1,127,750	104,880	49,940	54,940
Aboriginal	90,740	42,890	47,850	605	235	370
Non-Aboriginal	2,060,945	981,055	1,079,895	104,275	49,700	54,570
English and French	47,970	23,785	24,190	645	325	320
English and non-official language	61,075	30,045	31,030	2,065	1,050	1,015
French and non-official language	48,755	22,690	26,065	1,135	540	600
English, French and non-official language	2,080	1,075	1,010	35	15	15
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,355	996,060	494,565	501,495
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,190	945,615	469,550	476,070
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,204	40,782	28,860	43,333	52,567	35,523
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175	945,805	469,600	476,200
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,866	35,933	26,621	38,526	45,397	32,360
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	24,583,315	12,296,595	12,286,725	884,260	449,220	435,035
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,762	39,925	26,613	43,209	52,402	34,920
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	19,743,240	8,755,815	10,987,430	544,200	215,790	328,410
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,453	4,199	6,136	2,946	1,859	3,371
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	20,428,685	10,547,760	9,880,925	770,235	400,100	370,135
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,684	39,836	28,474	43,651	52,203	36,026
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	996,120	494,600	501,525
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,489,395	13,441,555	14,047,845	946,230	469,750	476,475
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,487	56,740	38,632	67,741	85,451	50,281
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,500,230	13,446,230	14,053,995	946,390	469,800	476,590
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,977	45,404	32,828	53,891	66,207	41,751
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	24,584,065	12,295,015	12,289,055	884,545	449,360	435,190
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,885	56,803	36,962	68,494	86,269	50,141
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	19,742,130	8,752,070	10,990,060	544,120	215,640	328,475
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,738	7,345	8,050	6,455	6,376	6,506
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	20,428,670	10,542,540	9,886,130	770,370	400,145	370,220
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,057	54,369	37,193	64,566	79,599	48,317
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	996,115	494,600	501,520
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	9,367,045	5,231,015	4,136,035	361,435	205,885	155,550
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	53,431	59,326	47,420	65,915	73,266	57,818
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	65,997	74,289	55,510	89,570	103,761	70,786
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	88.3	91.6	83.7	94.6	96.6	91.2
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	72.0	75.2	67.7	77.3	79.2	74.1
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	11.7	8.4	16.3	5.4	3.4	8.8
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360	996,060	494,560	501,495
Without total income	1,154,450	546,285	608,165	50,440	25,010	25,425
With total income	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,195	945,615	469,550	476,070
Percentage with total income	96.0	96.1	95.8	94.9	94.9	94.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,877,620	1,668,960	2,208,655	123,490	48,715	74,780
$10,000 to $19,999	4,680,380	1,867,600	2,812,785	118,360	47,940	70,420
$20,000 to $29,999	3,807,840	1,593,335	2,214,505	107,775	43,800	63,980
$30,000 to $39,999	3,206,175	1,472,670	1,733,510	92,335	41,430	50,905
$40,000 to $49,999	2,827,045	1,376,565	1,450,480	88,770	42,425	46,340
$50,000 to $59,999	2,179,775	1,145,685	1,034,090	76,030	38,275	37,750
$60,000 to $69,999	1,655,070	938,755	716,310	62,505	33,360	29,145
$70,000 to $79,999	1,271,850	745,830	526,015	50,165	28,230	21,930
$80,000 to $89,999	966,885	579,290	387,590	40,150	23,135	17,015
$90,000 to $99,999	749,290	452,240	297,050	34,095	19,475	14,620
$100,000 and over	2,266,600	1,603,400	663,195	151,945	102,765	49,180
$100,000 to $149,999	1,493,570	1,024,210	469,365	83,680	52,265	31,415
$150,000 and over	773,025	579,190	193,830	68,265	50,500	17,770
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360	996,060	494,565	501,495
Without after-tax income	1,143,795	541,620	602,175	50,250	24,960	25,290
With after-tax income	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175	945,805	469,600	476,200
Percentage with after-tax income	96.0	96.1	95.9	95.0	95.0	95.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,004,475	1,706,825	2,297,645	126,445	49,655	76,795
$10,000 to $19,999	4,905,055	1,972,920	2,932,130	123,495	50,260	73,235
$20,000 to $29,999	4,489,925	1,926,175	2,563,755	124,575	51,395	73,180
$30,000 to $39,999	3,924,960	1,870,705	2,054,250	115,600	53,865	61,730
$40,000 to $49,999	3,144,200	1,619,670	1,524,525	107,305	53,480	53,820
$50,000 to $59,999	2,209,280	1,245,570	963,705	83,880	44,665	39,215
$60,000 to $69,999	1,540,300	912,230	628,065	62,925	35,635	27,290
$70,000 to $79,999	1,076,180	654,570	421,610	47,940	27,740	20,200
$80,000 and over	2,204,820	1,540,335	664,485	153,640	102,905	50,740
$80,000 to $89,999	688,705	444,550	244,145	36,175	21,090	15,085
$90,000 to $99,999	420,975	291,090	129,885	24,895	15,460	9,435
$100,000 and over	1,095,140	804,690	290,445	92,575	66,355	26,220
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	28,642,980	13,990,625	14,652,360	996,060	494,560	501,495
Without employment income	8,214,295	3,442,860	4,771,430	225,825	94,465	131,365
With employment income	20,428,690	10,547,760	9,880,925	770,235	400,100	370,135
Percentage with employment income	71.3	75.4	67.4	77.3	80.9	73.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,778,990	1,357,430	1,421,560	80,405	36,480	43,935
$5,000 to $9,999	1,602,140	697,025	905,120	49,695	21,210	28,490
$10,000 to $19,999	2,736,010	1,212,855	1,523,155	84,830	36,960	47,870
$20,000 to $29,999	2,293,785	1,022,090	1,271,695	73,285	31,745	41,545
$30,000 to $39,999	2,149,860	1,001,065	1,148,795	70,585	32,870	37,715
$40,000 to $49,999	1,928,565	946,625	981,940	69,295	33,670	35,620
$50,000 to $59,999	1,554,100	839,045	715,055	60,915	30,840	30,075
$60,000 to $69,999	1,220,310	708,270	512,040	50,390	27,590	22,795
$70,000 to $79,999	992,170	591,945	400,225	41,340	23,475	17,870
$80,000 and over	3,172,770	2,171,415	1,001,355	189,485	125,275	64,215
$80,000 to $89,999	773,755	475,700	298,055	33,865	19,910	13,955
$90,000 to $99,999	623,980	382,330	241,650	29,740	17,070	12,665
$100,000 and over	1,775,030	1,313,385	461,645	125,885	88,300	37,590
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	14,072,080	...	...	466,725	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	70,336	...	...	97,334	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	61,348	...	...	83,074	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	3,969,790	...	...	114,185	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,174	...	...	52,342	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,446	...	...	44,659	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	10,102,290	...	...	352,535	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	88,249	...	...	115,403	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	76,419	...	...	98,205	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	14,072,075	...	...	466,740	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	92,764	...	...	137,333	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	76,171	...	...	109,274	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	3,967,765	...	...	114,230	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	46,799	...	...	71,392	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,685	...	...	56,974	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	10,104,315	...	...	352,510	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	110,813	...	...	158,700	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	90,890	...	...	126,221	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	14,072,075	...	...	466,725	...	...
Under $5,000	228,790	...	...	7,100	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	200,315	...	...	4,365	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	374,575	...	...	5,260	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	565,940	...	...	9,365	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	602,800	...	...	13,750	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	538,710	...	...	10,680	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	603,480	...	...	11,875	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	606,600	...	...	12,920	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	596,110	...	...	13,220	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	578,325	...	...	13,585	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,097,345	...	...	28,325	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,010,415	...	...	28,785	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	924,320	...	...	27,960	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	836,765	...	...	27,130	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	745,655	...	...	25,690	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,561,920	...	...	226,710	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,470,255	...	...	55,750	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,016,245	...	...	42,560	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,116,140	...	...	54,985	...	...
$200,000 and over	959,285	...	...	73,410	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	14,072,075	...	...	466,725	...	...
Under $5,000	243,780	...	...	7,680	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	203,865	...	...	4,435	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	380,680	...	...	5,445	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	591,660	...	...	9,785	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	673,740	...	...	14,760	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	628,225	...	...	12,320	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	719,825	...	...	14,280	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	725,675	...	...	15,685	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	711,180	...	...	16,750	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	691,695	...	...	17,600	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,299,680	...	...	35,505	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,169,515	...	...	35,045	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,041,635	...	...	33,935	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	900,055	...	...	31,940	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	757,295	...	...	28,545	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,333,575	...	...	183,020	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,371,945	...	...	57,420	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	809,540	...	...	40,215	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,152,090	...	...	85,380	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	9,688,845	...	...	331,360	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	88,306	...	...	113,975	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,372	...	...	96,963	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	3,706,220	...	...	113,295	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,976	...	...	106,976	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,309	...	...	90,329	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	4,222,140	...	...	163,305	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	113,465	...	...	135,376	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,608	...	...	114,195	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,481,410	...	...	43,290	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,193	...	...	67,076	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,856	...	...	60,299	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	9,689,855	...	...	331,360	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	111,235	...	...	159,323	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	91,040	...	...	126,269	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	3,706,400	...	...	113,280	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	101,086	...	...	154,614	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,296	...	...	121,663	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	4,225,855	...	...	163,395	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	137,094	...	...	183,534	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	111,307	...	...	144,540	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,477,190	...	...	42,935	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	65,549	...	...	88,790	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,687	...	...	74,688	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	5,313,545	2,608,845	2,704,705	187,270	98,085	89,180
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	31,890	34,483	29,801	44,339	47,217	41,240
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	28,959	30,746	27,495	38,945	40,894	36,765
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	5,299,050	2,596,985	2,702,070	186,880	98,015	88,865
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	42,939	46,085	39,915	60,494	65,469	55,006
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	35,801	37,724	33,952	49,024	52,251	45,465
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	34,460,065	16,971,550	17,488,515	1,222,325	610,570	611,755
In the bottom half of the distribution	17,229,835	8,256,970	8,972,865	453,645	221,015	232,630
In the bottom decile	3,445,950	1,672,900	1,773,050	90,080	44,995	45,085
In the second decile	3,445,660	1,564,965	1,880,700	80,640	37,540	43,105
In the third decile	3,446,165	1,641,930	1,804,235	87,230	41,835	45,390
In the fourth decile	3,445,850	1,677,120	1,768,730	93,300	45,835	47,460
In the fifth decile	3,446,210	1,700,060	1,746,150	102,395	50,805	51,590
In the top half of the distribution	17,230,230	8,714,580	8,515,650	768,680	389,560	379,125
In the sixth decile	3,445,695	1,716,510	1,729,185	109,200	54,675	54,525
In the seventh decile	3,446,470	1,730,975	1,715,500	117,280	58,930	58,350
In the eighth decile	3,445,940	1,741,640	1,704,300	130,300	65,880	64,420
In the ninth decile	3,446,045	1,751,850	1,694,195	156,320	78,930	77,390
In the top decile	3,446,080	1,773,600	1,672,475	255,580	131,145	124,435
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	33,968,295	16,724,265	17,244,035	1,222,325	610,575	611,755
0 to 17 years	6,836,380	3,504,250	3,332,125	267,250	137,070	130,175
0 to 5 years	2,228,770	1,142,505	1,086,270	93,505	47,960	45,550
18 to 64 years	21,695,090	10,690,090	11,005,005	827,250	413,850	413,395
65 years and over	5,436,830	2,529,930	2,906,905	127,825	59,645	68,180
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	4,809,940	2,243,200	2,566,740	113,505	54,495	59,010
0 to 17 years	1,163,830	597,570	566,255	34,415	17,720	16,695
0 to 5 years	396,095	203,055	193,030	12,405	6,375	6,030
18 to 64 years	2,855,290	1,341,590	1,513,700	68,340	32,690	35,650
65 years and over	790,825	304,040	486,780	10,750	4,085	6,665
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.2	13.4	14.9	9.3	8.9	9.6
0 to 17 years (%)	17.0	17.1	17.0	12.9	12.9	12.8
0 to 5 years (%)	17.8	17.8	17.8	13.3	13.3	13.2
18 to 64 years (%)	13.2	12.5	13.8	8.3	7.9	8.6
65 years and over (%)	14.5	12.0	16.7	8.4	6.8	9.8
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	3,128,995	1,519,370	1,609,630	106,240	52,725	53,510
0 to 17 years	696,025	357,255	338,770	28,440	14,665	13,775
0 to 5 years	236,435	121,170	115,260	10,190	5,245	4,945
18 to 64 years	2,157,745	1,057,585	1,100,160	71,435	35,475	35,960
65 years and over	275,225	104,525	170,695	6,365	2,590	3,780
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	9.2	9.1	9.3	8.7	8.6	8.7
0 to 17 years (%)	10.2	10.2	10.2	10.6	10.7	10.6
0 to 5 years (%)	10.6	10.6	10.6	10.9	10.9	10.9
18 to 64 years (%)	9.9	9.9	10.0	8.6	8.6	8.7
65 years and over (%)	5.1	4.1	5.9	5.0	4.3	5.5
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	1,222,405	610,605	611,800
Official languages	33,818,210	16,709,290	17,108,920	1,193,310	598,385	594,930
English	29,748,265	14,806,270	14,941,995	1,192,105	597,855	594,250
French	10,242,945	4,952,455	5,290,495	90,250	41,750	48,490
Non-official languages	9,369,280	4,488,185	4,881,090	460,425	223,355	237,065
Aboriginal languages	263,845	127,550	136,295	1,140	445	700
Algonquian languages	177,570	85,505	92,065	820	320	500
Blackfoot	5,645	2,695	2,950	340	115	220
Cree-Montagnais languages	116,585	56,515	60,070	395	170	225
Atikamekw	6,640	3,335	3,305	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	11,440	5,500	5,945	0	0	0
Moose Cree	195	80	115	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,465	710	755	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	545	225	320	0	10	0
Plains Cree	5,905	2,705	3,200	90	35	55
Southern East Cree	40	30	10	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	2,345	995	1,350	15	0	10
Woods Cree	2,665	1,230	1,435	55	15	40
Cree, n.o.s.	86,115	42,080	44,035	235	110	115
Eastern Algonquian languages	9,765	4,710	5,050	0	0	0
Malecite	755	370	390	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	9,025	4,350	4,670	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	46,685	22,100	24,585	105	40	60
Algonquin	2,480	1,165	1,315	0	0	0
Ojibway	28,585	13,365	15,220	90	35	55
Oji-Cree	15,610	7,575	8,030	10	0	10
Ottawa (Odawa)	205	105	105	0	0	10
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	120	60	60	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	23,655	11,340	12,320	130	55	75
Northern Athabaskan languages	23,570	11,300	12,265	125	55	70
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	210	105	100	0	0	0
Beaver	340	180	165	0	0	0
Carrier	2,105	955	1,145	0	0	0
Chilcotin	1,150	535	610	10	10	10
Dene	13,060	6,270	6,790	20	10	10
Dogrib (Tlicho)	2,375	1,210	1,165	10	0	0
Gwich'in	360	165	200	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	150	60	90	85	40	50
Sekani	185	85	100	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	2,815	1,340	1,475	0	10	0
North Slavey (Hare)	1,010	475	530	0	0	0
South Slavey	1,365	660	710	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	680	320	360	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	630	340	285	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	365	205	170	0	0	0
Tahltan	270	140	130	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	420	160	260	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	285	115	170	0	0	10
Southern Tutchone	145	50	95	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	85	35	50	0	0	0
Haida	465	205	260	0	0	0
Inuit languages	42,980	21,355	21,630	35	15	20
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,975	895	1,080	25	10	10
Inuktitut	40,620	20,280	20,340	10	10	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	470	225	240	10	0	10
Iroquoian languages	2,800	1,240	1,555	10	0	0
Cayuga	125	40	85	0	0	0
Mohawk	2,415	1,120	1,295	10	10	0
Oneida	180	60	125	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	115	45	75	0	0	0
Kutenai	175	95	80	0	0	0
Michif	1,210	585	625	20	10	20
Salish languages	5,750	2,730	3,015	0	0	0
Comox	185	75	110	0	0	0
Halkomelem	1,060	475	585	0	0	0
Lillooet	790	405	385	0	0	0
Okanagan	820	370	450	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	1,305	640	665	10	0	0
Squamish	285	125	155	0	0	0
Straits	360	160	200	0	0	10
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	450	220	235	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	565	295	270	0	0	0
Siouan languages	5,430	2,665	2,770	115	30	90
Dakota	1,760	870	890	65	25	35
Stoney	3,675	1,805	1,875	80	20	65
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	140	70	70	0	0	10
Tlingit	260	140	120	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	2,730	1,350	1,380	10	10	10
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	1,305	645	660	15	10	10
Nisga'a	1,060	545	515	0	0	0
Tsimshian	410	180	235	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	1,490	680	805	10	0	0
Haisla	175	65	110	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	125	50	75	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	605	285	320	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	565	265	300	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	30	20	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	665	310	360	15	10	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	9,107,075	4,361,420	4,745,660	459,295	222,920	236,375
Afro-Asiatic languages	837,355	432,560	404,795	40,620	21,290	19,330
Berber languages	29,460	15,745	13,715	200	140	60
Kabyle	17,120	9,100	8,015	110	60	45
Berber languages, n.i.e.	12,505	6,735	5,775	90	80	10
Cushitic languages	57,125	26,870	30,250	3,580	1,825	1,760
Bilen	1,085	625	470	65	40	25
Oromo	6,245	3,070	3,175	1,370	715	655
Somali	49,665	23,070	26,590	2,175	1,085	1,090
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	480	220	265	30	10	20
Semitic languages	771,130	400,780	370,350	37,460	19,700	17,760
Amharic	33,670	16,675	16,995	5,740	2,905	2,835
Arabic	629,055	329,235	299,820	27,555	14,645	12,905
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	19,745	9,720	10,020	300	145	155
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	7,115	3,505	3,610	90	45	50
Harari	1,710	855	860	100	50	45
Hebrew	75,020	38,730	36,290	1,550	745	810
Maltese	7,625	3,760	3,870	30	20	15
Tigrigna	21,340	10,640	10,705	3,555	1,925	1,630
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	3,220	1,655	1,565	245	135	110
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	2,775	1,440	1,335	160	90	65
Austro-Asiatic languages	224,865	105,845	119,020	17,275	8,245	9,035
Khmer (Cambodian)	27,035	12,640	14,400	1,140	620	520
Vietnamese	198,895	93,735	105,155	16,190	7,650	8,540
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	190	70	120	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	656,200	273,075	383,125	58,445	25,225	33,215
Bikol	2,075	885	1,190	165	70	100
Cebuano	27,045	10,960	16,085	2,675	1,205	1,475
Fijian	1,660	955	705	120	65	50
Hiligaynon	7,925	3,200	4,720	920	365	560
Ilocano	34,530	13,805	20,730	3,640	1,580	2,065
Malagasy	2,335	1,120	1,220	45	15	25
Malay	22,470	10,370	12,100	1,440	675	765
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5,425	2,445	2,980	415	205	210
Pangasinan	1,800	790	1,015	205	80	120
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	612,735	253,210	359,530	55,265	23,695	31,570
Waray-Waray	1,395	530	860	190	70	115
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5,585	2,540	3,040	555	230	320
Creole languages	155,615	70,545	85,070	1,665	820	845
Haitian Creole	6,850	3,140	3,710	35	20	15
Creole, n.o.s.	133,045	59,890	73,160	1,070	535	540
Creole languages, n.i.e.	16,635	7,955	8,675	565	270	295
Dravidian languages	250,180	126,220	123,960	7,040	3,690	3,355
Kannada	8,245	4,180	4,065	530	270	270
Malayalam	37,810	19,410	18,400	2,475	1,305	1,170
Tamil	189,860	94,640	95,220	3,165	1,655	1,505
Telugu	23,160	12,770	10,390	1,290	675	615
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	790	385	405	70	35	35
Hmong-Mien languages	870	435	435	85	40	40
Indo-European languages	5,158,010	2,506,455	2,651,555	231,885	115,155	116,730
Albanian	31,930	16,140	15,790	1,680	885	795
Armenian	41,295	19,980	21,315	295	165	130
Balto-Slavic languages	817,315	384,960	432,350	34,560	16,785	17,780
Baltic languages	14,675	6,470	8,205	585	280	310
Latvian	6,500	2,960	3,540	230	110	115
Lithuanian	8,185	3,510	4,675	355	165	195
Slavic languages	805,915	379,965	425,945	34,195	16,615	17,580
Belarusan	2,265	1,070	1,195	70	30	40
Bosnian	18,265	9,055	9,215	1,230	655	575
Bulgarian	22,425	10,920	11,505	1,075	575	500
Croatian	69,840	34,515	35,325	2,515	1,245	1,275
Czech	28,720	13,675	15,050	1,620	770	855
Macedonian	23,075	11,190	11,880	270	145	120
Polish	214,965	99,365	115,600	8,920	4,255	4,660
Russian	269,645	127,055	142,595	13,255	6,395	6,860
Serbian	73,775	37,040	36,740	2,305	1,140	1,160
Serbo-Croatian	11,275	5,525	5,750	570	305	260
Slovak	21,470	10,215	11,255	1,460	800	655
Slovene (Slovenian)	11,495	5,205	6,290	285	130	150
Ukrainian	132,115	58,820	73,300	4,455	2,020	2,440
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	3,000	1,590	1,405	60	30	30
Celtic languages	9,165	4,705	4,455	440	210	235
Scottish Gaelic	3,980	2,010	1,975	165	75	90
Welsh	1,690	830	860	90	50	35
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	3,590	1,915	1,680	190	75	115
Germanic languages	695,535	337,215	358,320	24,095	11,910	12,185
Afrikaans	23,410	11,795	11,610	1,650	890	755
Danish	15,745	7,320	8,425	930	445	490
Dutch	120,865	57,885	62,990	4,235	2,085	2,150
Frisian	2,910	1,515	1,395	55	25	30
German	502,730	245,745	256,985	16,720	8,360	8,360
Icelandic	1,780	830	945	80	40	40
Norwegian	8,120	3,860	4,260	450	175	280
Swedish	14,140	6,510	7,635	600	280	320
Vlaams (Flemish)	4,400	1,945	2,455	110	60	50
Yiddish	20,985	10,435	10,550	175	95	80
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	8,710	4,425	4,285	60	20	40
Greek	150,965	75,510	75,455	2,310	1,165	1,145
Indo-Iranian languages	1,658,220	840,850	817,365	108,445	55,085	53,365
Indo-Aryan languages	1,387,805	704,370	683,435	96,045	48,500	47,545
Bengali	91,220	46,935	44,285	4,990	2,500	2,485
Gujarati	149,045	74,765	74,285	8,355	4,065	4,290
Hindi	433,365	221,665	211,700	28,410	14,550	13,855
Kashmiri	905	490	420	60	45	20
Konkani	6,790	3,185	3,605	375	195	180
Marathi	15,570	8,200	7,365	1,545	800	740
Nepali	21,380	10,915	10,470	2,215	1,225	990
Oriya (Odia)	1,535	755	775	150	70	75
Punjabi (Panjabi)	668,240	341,450	326,790	47,135	23,930	23,205
Sindhi	20,260	9,310	10,945	2,630	1,160	1,475
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	27,825	13,970	13,855	1,355	680	685
Urdu	322,220	164,685	157,535	24,965	12,745	12,225
Iranian languages	281,715	142,030	139,680	13,280	6,975	6,310
Kurdish	15,290	8,290	7,000	950	525	430
Pashto	23,180	12,465	10,715	2,160	1,165	995
Persian (Farsi)	252,320	126,565	125,755	10,520	5,530	4,995
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	8,875	4,715	4,155	1,135	615	525
Italic (Romance) languages	1,897,630	898,530	999,100	65,745	31,920	33,825
Catalan	2,035	1,145	890	70	40	30
Italian	574,725	278,500	296,225	8,875	4,385	4,485
Portuguese	295,955	144,465	151,485	4,955	2,430	2,525
Romanian	115,050	55,275	59,770	5,580	2,885	2,695
Spanish	995,255	460,250	535,010	48,685	23,475	25,205
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	2,680	1,610	1,075	70	40	30
Japanese	83,090	36,760	46,335	4,140	1,865	2,275
Kartvelian languages	2,150	1,075	1,075	125	75	50
Georgian	2,150	1,080	1,070	125	75	55
Korean	172,755	80,170	92,590	9,895	4,585	5,305
Mongolic languages	2,090	960	1,130	650	305	345
Mongolian	2,090	960	1,130	655	305	345
Niger-Congo languages	177,215	88,135	89,080	11,365	5,780	5,585
Akan (Twi)	22,145	10,810	11,340	1,045	560	485
Bamanankan	3,190	1,660	1,530	15	10	10
Edo	3,220	1,510	1,705	215	130	85
Ewe	3,000	1,685	1,315	70	30	35
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	4,725	2,460	2,260	130	75	60
Ga	2,250	1,140	1,110	85	55	35
Ganda	2,495	1,175	1,320	75	30	45
Igbo	8,850	4,710	4,140	1,430	750	685
Lingala	17,010	7,865	9,145	420	225	195
Rundi (Kirundi)	8,590	4,075	4,515	170	95	75
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	7,860	3,600	4,260	105	40	60
Shona	5,425	2,530	2,905	475	205	270
Swahili	38,680	19,565	19,115	2,290	1,145	1,150
Wolof	8,240	4,455	3,785	330	195	135
Yoruba	22,420	11,475	10,940	3,260	1,670	1,595
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	40,760	20,375	20,385	2,055	995	1,060
Nilo-Saharan languages	7,015	3,520	3,495	1,650	760	890
Dinka	2,475	1,280	1,190	785	385	405
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	4,555	2,240	2,315	875	385	490
Sign languages	48,115	18,985	29,130	1,495	630	870
American Sign Language	21,930	7,780	14,155	805	305	500
Quebec Sign Language	4,665	1,665	3,005	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	22,275	9,835	12,440	710	335	370
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,430,440	672,100	758,340	78,985	37,685	41,305
Chinese languages	1,413,110	663,465	749,640	77,495	36,955	40,540
Cantonese	699,125	325,840	373,285	42,445	20,090	22,355
Hakka	12,445	5,555	6,890	425	180	245
Mandarin	814,450	377,635	436,815	38,805	18,290	20,515
Min Dong	1,045	440	600	65	35	25
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	42,840	19,005	23,835	2,350	990	1,360
Wu (Shanghainese)	16,530	7,490	9,040	570	245	320
Chinese, n.o.s.	41,690	19,995	21,690	3,020	1,485	1,540
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	590	250	340	10	10	10
Tibeto-Burman languages	18,270	9,100	9,175	1,520	730	785
Burmese	4,995	2,490	2,500	345	160	185
Karenic languages	4,895	2,425	2,475	295	145	150
Tibetan	7,050	3,555	3,490	805	400	395
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	2,375	1,160	1,220	150	60	95
Tai-Kadai languages	30,400	13,210	17,195	1,330	550	780
Lao	17,235	8,240	8,990	555	255	300
Thai	15,390	5,875	9,520	840	320	520
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	115	50	65	10	10	0
Turkic languages	60,530	31,585	28,945	2,525	1,340	1,185
Azerbaijani	5,450	2,885	2,565	350	165	180
Turkish	50,775	26,605	24,165	1,650	940	710
Uyghur	1,385	685	700	130	65	70
Uzbek	2,465	1,230	1,235	250	110	135
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	1,870	905	965	205	95	110
Uralic languages	94,810	44,270	50,545	4,550	2,185	2,360
Estonian	6,070	2,750	3,315	110	50	60
Finnish	17,595	7,540	10,050	300	140	160
Hungarian	71,285	34,005	37,280	4,135	1,995	2,135
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	10	10	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	9,730	5,375	4,355	770	435	335
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490	1,222,405	610,605	611,795
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	32,034,590	15,799,495	16,235,090	1,075,485	539,490	535,990
Canadian citizens aged under 18	6,652,795	3,412,785	3,240,010	242,840	124,485	118,360
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	25,381,795	12,386,710	12,995,080	832,640	415,005	417,635
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	2,425,480	1,172,085	1,253,400	146,925	71,120	75,805
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	1,222,405	610,610	611,795
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	26,412,610	13,124,325	13,288,290	813,490	411,785	401,705
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330	383,065	185,855	197,210
Before 1981	1,941,510	927,795	1,013,715	63,925	31,830	32,095
1981 to 1990	915,555	439,245	476,310	38,270	18,190	20,075
1991 to 2000	1,486,655	696,720	789,940	64,815	31,015	33,800
2001 to 2010	1,985,035	940,570	1,044,465	126,390	61,375	65,015
2001 to 2005	928,935	439,890	489,050	56,820	27,785	29,035
2006 to 2010	1,056,095	500,680	555,415	69,570	33,590	35,985
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	1,212,075	582,175	629,895	89,665	43,440	46,220
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	506,625	260,755	245,870	25,850	12,965	12,880
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	7,540,830	3,586,500	3,954,335	383,065	185,855	197,210
Under 5 years	731,340	364,165	367,175	34,960	17,830	17,130
5 to 14 years	1,311,810	665,870	645,945	64,790	33,705	31,085
15 to 24 years	1,604,430	724,430	880,005	74,550	34,270	40,285
25 to 44 years	3,198,920	1,513,970	1,684,950	172,855	83,030	89,820
45 years and over	694,320	318,060	376,260	35,905	17,020	18,880
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330	383,060	185,855	197,205
Americas	1,128,745	510,650	618,100	41,020	19,550	21,465
Brazil	29,320	13,235	16,080	1,420	640	780
Colombia	70,035	32,065	37,965	5,580	2,645	2,935
El Salvador	48,080	23,865	24,215	2,335	1,180	1,155
Guyana	87,685	38,940	48,745	825	410	415
Haiti	93,480	40,955	52,525	490	260	235
Jamaica	138,345	59,960	78,390	2,835	1,280	1,550
Mexico	80,585	37,530	43,055	4,110	2,050	2,055
Peru	29,615	12,950	16,665	1,080	440	635
Trinidad and Tobago	65,040	29,325	35,710	1,375	655	720
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	253,715	113,505	140,215	10,715	4,915	5,800
Other places of birth in Americas	232,850	108,325	124,530	10,265	5,080	5,185
Europe	2,088,410	1,015,145	1,073,260	72,990	36,520	36,470
Bosnia and Herzegovina	36,135	18,050	18,085	1,945	990	955
Croatia	40,045	20,005	20,035	1,220	635	580
France	105,565	55,395	50,170	1,200	585	610
Germany	145,845	69,525	76,320	5,710	2,725	2,985
Greece	62,715	31,580	31,135	890	470	425
Hungary	36,820	17,945	18,875	1,840	925	920
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	28,325	14,355	13,970	1,620	850	765
Italy	236,640	118,595	118,040	3,625	1,950	1,675
Netherlands	88,475	45,185	43,295	2,890	1,540	1,355
Poland	146,465	66,450	80,020	6,420	3,030	3,390
Portugal	139,450	68,150	71,300	1,075	480	590
Romania	90,305	42,795	47,510	4,250	2,135	2,115
Russian Federation	78,685	34,265	44,420	3,875	1,685	2,195
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	33,320	16,325	17,000	1,060	530	530
Ukraine	73,030	33,360	39,665	2,855	1,315	1,545
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	499,115	243,225	255,890	22,150	11,440	10,705
Other places of birth in Europe	247,470	119,945	127,530	10,360	5,230	5,135
Africa	637,485	322,510	314,970	39,220	20,070	19,155
Algeria	64,620	33,920	30,705	745	400	340
Egypt	64,615	34,125	30,495	2,850	1,515	1,330
Ethiopia	32,790	15,980	16,810	5,195	2,565	2,625
Kenya	27,150	12,810	14,340	2,610	1,275	1,330
Morocco	69,655	36,120	33,535	660	340	315
Nigeria	42,430	21,830	20,600	7,385	3,830	3,560
Somalia	27,230	12,070	15,160	1,340	635	710
South Africa, Republic of	44,660	22,205	22,460	2,655	1,395	1,265
Other places of birth in Africa	264,320	133,450	130,870	15,790	8,115	7,675
Asia	3,629,160	1,709,985	1,919,175	226,295	107,935	118,360
Afghanistan	51,955	26,030	25,930	3,200	1,715	1,480
Bangladesh	58,735	29,875	28,865	3,110	1,595	1,515
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	649,260	290,800	358,460	34,550	15,930	18,620
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	208,940	98,020	110,915	10,925	5,310	5,615
India	668,565	334,030	334,540	44,365	22,305	22,060
IranCensus data footnote 61	154,425	77,970	76,455	5,675	2,920	2,755
Iraq	68,485	34,785	33,705	3,545	1,895	1,650
Japan	27,240	7,955	19,285	1,490	435	1,055
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	123,305	57,170	66,140	6,980	3,265	3,715
Lebanon	88,745	47,295	41,450	4,130	2,190	1,940
Pakistan	202,260	103,225	99,035	17,090	8,885	8,205
Philippines	588,305	247,095	341,210	51,550	22,480	29,065
Sri Lanka	131,995	64,825	67,170	1,965	1,010	955
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	52,960	26,595	26,365	2,150	1,125	1,025
Taiwan	63,770	28,170	35,605	2,185	925	1,255
Viet Nam	169,250	78,000	91,250	14,875	6,955	7,920
Other places of birth in Asia	320,965	158,150	162,815	18,515	9,005	9,515
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	57,030	28,210	28,825	3,535	1,775	1,755
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	1,212,075	582,180	629,895	89,665	43,445	46,220
Americas	152,595	72,870	79,720	8,735	4,390	4,340
Brazil	8,500	4,000	4,490	510	230	285
Colombia	15,300	6,885	8,415	1,250	600	650
Cuba	5,370	2,545	2,820	125	60	65
Haiti	19,985	9,160	10,830	140	95	50
Jamaica	12,495	6,680	5,820	425	220	210
Mexico	18,660	9,090	9,575	1,790	960	835
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	33,060	16,480	16,580	1,875	900	975
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	6,425	2,990	3,435	1,105	540	560
Other places of birth in Americas	32,790	15,040	17,750	1,505	785	715
Europe	140,030	70,995	69,035	8,680	4,445	4,235
France	24,150	13,000	11,150	270	155	115
Germany	6,300	3,255	3,045	420	195	225
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	5,660	3,540	2,120	575	360	210
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	5,900	2,735	3,165	420	240	180
Romania	7,610	3,330	4,280	580	290	285
Russian Federation	11,565	4,485	7,080	625	215	415
Ukraine	13,425	6,015	7,410	795	330	470
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	24,445	14,235	10,215	2,325	1,335	985
Other places of birth in Europe	40,970	20,405	20,570	2,670	1,325	1,350
Africa	162,800	81,545	81,245	11,600	5,870	5,730
Algeria	17,175	8,440	8,735	135	60	70
Cameroon	10,265	5,005	5,255	565	280	285
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	7,400	3,570	3,835	215	95	115
Côte d'Ivoire	6,240	3,030	3,210	95	45	45
Egypt	16,115	8,445	7,665	1,095	570	525
Eritrea	6,050	3,195	2,855	1,040	600	435
Ethiopia	7,510	3,625	3,890	1,590	735	850
Morocco	15,105	7,470	7,635	190	70	115
Nigeria	17,285	8,850	8,435	3,785	1,980	1,805
Somalia	5,335	2,600	2,730	240	90	150
South Africa, Republic of	5,765	2,935	2,830	440	255	185
Tunisia	6,700	3,475	3,230	70	40	35
Other places of birth in Africa	41,855	20,905	20,950	2,150	1,050	1,100
Asia	748,700	352,095	396,610	59,915	28,255	31,655
Afghanistan	9,240	4,530	4,710	465	255	210
Bangladesh	12,900	6,445	6,460	750	350	400
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	129,020	57,745	71,270	6,205	2,800	3,405
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	4,975	2,090	2,880	415	190	225
India	147,190	75,145	72,045	12,700	6,440	6,260
IranCensus data footnote 61	42,070	20,580	21,490	2,245	1,125	1,115
Iraq	20,665	10,345	10,320	1,220	645	570
Israel	4,740	2,615	2,130	220	105	110
Japan	4,905	1,250	3,655	330	75	255
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	21,710	9,630	12,075	1,800	730	1,070
Lebanon	9,375	4,980	4,400	500	265	240
Nepal	7,505	3,780	3,715	1,115	590	525
Pakistan	41,480	20,530	20,945	4,330	2,110	2,220
Philippines	188,810	83,050	105,760	21,150	9,575	11,575
Saudi Arabia	5,465	2,820	2,640	340	170	170
Sri Lanka	11,495	5,190	6,305	335	155	180
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	29,945	15,245	14,700	1,375	700	680
Taiwan	4,310	1,685	2,625	325	110	220
Turkey	4,255	2,365	1,890	140	60	80
United Arab Emirates	6,135	3,220	2,910	435	225	210
Viet Nam	11,210	4,500	6,705	1,165	480	685
Other places of birth in Asia	31,320	14,345	16,970	2,345	1,095	1,255
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	7,955	4,670	3,280	740	485	260
Australia	4,965	2,950	2,010	510	315	190
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	2,990	1,720	1,270	230	160	65
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	34,460,060	16,971,575	17,488,485	1,222,405	610,610	611,795
First generationCensus data footnote 69	8,219,555	3,936,045	4,283,505	417,375	203,390	213,990
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	6,100,725	3,053,075	3,047,650	264,095	133,495	130,595
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	20,139,790	9,982,460	10,157,330	540,940	273,725	267,215
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	5,703,615	2,709,530	2,994,085	325,375	157,195	168,190
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	2,994,130	1,496,240	1,497,885	184,245	92,820	91,425
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	1,220,755	755,370	465,380	73,070	45,765	27,300
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	1,773,380	740,870	1,032,510	111,180	47,055	64,120
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	1,782,490	728,085	1,054,400	92,145	37,675	54,465
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	858,845	453,675	405,175	46,260	25,325	20,935
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	68,145	31,530	36,615	2,725	1,370	1,355
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	1,222,405	610,605	611,795
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	1,673,785	813,520	860,265	35,195	16,620	18,575
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	1,629,805	792,970	836,835	34,335	16,205	18,135
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	977,235	471,510	505,725	15,505	7,090	8,405
Métis	587,545	289,435	298,115	18,475	8,975	9,505
Inuk (Inuit)	65,030	32,030	32,995	355	135	220
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	21,310	10,165	11,145	365	210	160
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	22,670	10,385	12,290	495	205	290
Non-Aboriginal identity	32,786,280	16,158,060	16,628,225	1,187,210	593,985	593,220
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490	1,222,405	610,605	611,795
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	820,120	395,670	424,445	12,575	5,680	6,890
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	33,639,945	16,575,905	17,064,040	1,209,830	604,920	604,905
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,490	1,222,405	610,605	611,795
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	727,790	356,970	370,815	8,330	3,855	4,470
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	709,235	347,985	361,245	8,080	3,720	4,365
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	573,215	280,040	293,180	5,870	2,680	3,195
Métis single ancestry	91,255	45,740	45,515	2,105	990	1,110
Inuit single ancestry	44,765	22,210	22,555	105	45	60
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	18,555	8,985	9,565	250	135	110
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15,140	7,305	7,835	240	140	100
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	2,470	1,205	1,265	0	0	10
Métis and Inuit ancestries	770	390	380	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	170	85	85	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	1,402,735	669,710	733,025	38,060	18,155	19,910
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	1,347,610	644,210	703,400	36,535	17,440	19,085
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	881,455	418,215	463,235	20,310	9,590	10,725
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	441,000	213,940	227,065	15,865	7,715	8,145
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25,155	12,045	13,105	355	135	215
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	55,125	25,505	29,625	1,530	715	815
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	49,325	22,740	26,585	1,455	675	780
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,470	1,655	1,815	35	20	20
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,005	940	1,065	35	20	20
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	325	170	160	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	32,329,545	15,944,900	16,384,645	1,176,015	588,595	587,420
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	1,222,405	610,605	611,800
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	7,674,580	3,725,090	3,949,495	442,585	218,035	224,550
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	1,924,635	977,690	946,945	115,795	58,730	57,065
Chinese	1,577,060	746,400	830,665	87,835	42,905	44,930
Black	1,198,540	580,070	618,475	51,515	26,410	25,100
Filipino	780,125	341,800	438,330	67,650	30,400	37,250
Latin American	447,325	215,460	231,860	26,265	13,035	13,235
Arab	523,235	276,425	246,810	25,190	13,350	11,845
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	313,260	148,880	164,385	21,610	10,410	11,205
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	264,305	133,475	130,825	12,610	6,665	5,945
Korean	188,710	89,110	99,600	10,635	4,970	5,665
Japanese	92,920	40,105	52,815	5,170	2,290	2,885
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	132,090	62,540	69,550	4,410	2,055	2,355
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	232,375	113,140	119,230	13,895	6,820	7,070
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	26,785,480	13,246,485	13,539,000	779,820	392,575	387,245
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	1,222,405	610,610	611,795
North American Aboriginal origins	2,130,520	1,026,675	1,103,840	46,385	22,010	24,375
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,525,570	731,410	794,155	27,915	13,095	14,820
Inuit	79,130	38,695	40,435	550	225	320
Métis	599,995	291,310	308,690	19,705	9,545	10,160
Other North American origins	11,628,535	5,745,695	5,882,835	249,055	126,485	122,575
Acadian	119,675	57,805	61,865	1,580	825	755
American	377,405	182,690	194,715	20,460	9,950	10,505
Canadian	11,135,965	5,501,595	5,634,370	234,190	119,170	115,025
New Brunswicker	1,490	800	685	25	20	10
Newfoundlander	22,215	11,420	10,800	490	285	205
Nova Scotian	3,700	1,770	1,930	45	35	15
Ontarian	3,925	1,980	1,945	45	35	15
Québécois	194,560	99,320	95,235	365	215	150
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	1,895	950	945	145	90	55
European origins	19,683,320	9,687,715	9,995,605	704,040	351,610	352,430
British Isles origins	11,211,850	5,474,735	5,737,115	447,890	223,680	224,215
Channel Islander	3,595	1,740	1,855	135	75	65
Cornish	1,975	995	975	85	15	70
English	6,320,085	3,069,515	3,250,570	253,870	126,050	127,820
Irish	4,627,000	2,195,620	2,431,385	169,285	81,930	87,355
Manx	6,125	3,090	3,040	295	165	135
Scottish	4,799,005	2,323,390	2,475,620	204,735	101,740	103,000
Welsh	474,805	226,600	248,210	23,405	11,360	12,045
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	644,695	307,090	337,610	31,570	15,505	16,065
French origins	4,680,820	2,283,480	2,397,340	100,425	49,575	50,850
Alsatian	2,800	1,300	1,495	40	20	20
Breton	11,845	5,765	6,080	20	0	15
Corsican	1,750	950	805	15	0	0
French	4,670,595	2,278,430	2,392,165	100,385	49,555	50,825
Western European origins (except French origins)	4,600,855	2,258,095	2,342,760	220,130	108,705	111,425
Austrian	207,050	100,775	106,275	12,600	6,055	6,545
Bavarian	940	485	455	20	15	10
Belgian	186,665	91,395	95,270	5,490	2,700	2,790
Dutch	1,111,655	546,565	565,090	45,530	22,720	22,810
Flemish	11,685	5,730	5,960	475	185	290
Frisian	4,590	2,395	2,195	140	70	70
German	3,322,405	1,626,785	1,695,615	169,535	83,450	86,085
Luxembourger	3,915	2,025	1,890	220	110	110
Swiss	155,120	76,935	78,185	6,725	3,175	3,550
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	3,365	1,645	1,720	350	165	190
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,201,320	579,005	622,315	80,390	38,710	41,680
Danish	207,470	100,660	106,810	15,880	7,800	8,085
Finnish	143,645	69,045	74,600	4,715	2,240	2,470
Icelandic	101,795	49,875	51,915	6,705	3,270	3,435
Norwegian	463,275	223,075	240,200	35,215	16,715	18,505
Swedish	349,645	163,545	186,095	22,850	10,920	11,935
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	52,780	26,965	25,820	3,435	1,740	1,705
Eastern European origins	3,431,245	1,666,740	1,764,505	178,865	87,500	91,365
Bulgarian	34,565	16,935	17,625	1,565	805	770
Byelorussian	20,710	10,190	10,515	785	400	390
Czech	104,580	51,555	53,030	6,640	3,360	3,280
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	40,715	19,235	21,480	2,130	1,005	1,120
Estonian	24,530	11,715	12,815	1,055	445	605
Hungarian	348,085	170,040	178,045	19,335	9,490	9,840
Latvian	30,725	14,920	15,805	1,015	480	525
Lithuanian	59,285	28,745	30,535	2,230	1,065	1,165
Moldovan	14,915	7,265	7,650	905	470	435
Polish	1,106,585	533,830	572,750	48,635	23,655	24,985
Romanian	238,050	114,705	123,345	12,150	5,730	6,425
Russian	622,445	297,600	324,850	33,210	15,740	17,470
Slovak	72,285	35,360	36,925	4,195	2,170	2,030
Ukrainian	1,359,655	663,560	696,095	77,670	37,955	39,715
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	20,415	9,895	10,520	840	435	400
Southern European origins	3,012,375	1,494,605	1,517,775	83,075	41,370	41,710
Albanian	36,185	18,385	17,800	1,795	920	875
Bosnian	26,740	13,320	13,420	1,595	875	725
Catalan	1,280	740	535	50	25	25
Croatian	133,970	67,825	66,140	5,575	2,840	2,735
Cypriot	5,650	2,850	2,795	60	30	35
Greek	271,410	137,405	134,005	6,150	3,160	2,990
Italian	1,587,965	794,525	793,445	37,865	19,055	18,815
Kosovar	2,865	1,470	1,395	150	75	75
Macedonian	43,110	21,650	21,460	485	230	255
Maltese	41,920	20,955	20,965	505	245	255
Montenegrin	4,160	2,180	1,985	125	70	55
Portuguese	482,605	239,360	243,250	7,670	3,895	3,780
Serbian	96,530	49,095	47,440	3,205	1,615	1,590
Sicilian	6,940	3,500	3,435	115	60	55
Slovenian	40,470	20,105	20,365	1,600	870	730
Spanish	396,460	184,520	211,945	20,650	9,665	10,985
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	38,480	18,620	19,860	1,425	720	700
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	2,170	1,030	1,135	115	50	60
Other European origins	226,695	115,110	111,580	8,595	4,240	4,355
Basque	6,965	3,690	3,275	180	80	100
Jewish	143,660	72,625	71,035	4,220	2,030	2,190
Roma (Gypsy)	4,630	2,195	2,440	165	90	70
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	4,870	2,560	2,310	420	215	215
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	67,890	34,730	33,160	3,645	1,850	1,795
Caribbean origins	749,155	349,810	399,345	14,045	6,940	7,105
Antiguan	4,500	2,115	2,385	260	160	100
Bahamian	3,675	1,915	1,760	115	60	60
Barbadian	37,780	17,745	20,035	770	360	405
Bermudan	3,075	1,435	1,640	115	45	70
Carib	3,030	1,175	1,860	60	10	50
Cuban	29,065	13,800	15,270	790	365	425
Dominican	23,130	11,000	12,125	290	185	100
Grenadian	17,915	7,835	10,080	200	90	110
Guadeloupean	1,125	515	605	0	0	0
Haitian	165,095	76,460	88,635	855	440	415
Jamaican	309,485	145,080	164,410	6,570	3,225	3,350
Kittitian/Nevisian	2,915	1,460	1,460	65	50	15
Martinican	2,010	900	1,110	0	0	0
Montserratan	930	460	470	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	3,405	1,645	1,765	220	115	100
St. Lucian	8,985	4,095	4,890	325	165	160
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	78,965	37,325	41,635	1,920	955	960
Vincentian/Grenadinian	17,420	7,475	9,945	320	130	185
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	70,270	31,625	38,645	1,030	500	530
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	26,830	12,520	14,310	1,080	500	580
Latin, Central and South American origins	674,640	325,210	349,430	33,540	16,525	17,020
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	22,725	10,875	11,850	790	410	380
Arawak	1,440	610	830	75	10	65
Argentinian	20,680	10,130	10,545	745	375	375
Belizean	1,755	915	845	130	90	45
Bolivian	5,055	2,480	2,580	245	125	115
Brazilian	36,830	17,380	19,455	1,535	660	875
Chilean	45,190	22,280	22,910	2,910	1,470	1,440
Colombian	96,325	45,590	50,735	7,145	3,405	3,745
Costa Rican	5,535	2,680	2,855	275	125	150
Ecuadorian	25,405	11,995	13,415	425	170	255
Guatemalan	26,275	13,360	12,915	1,140	600	540
Guyanese	84,275	39,530	44,745	1,045	565	480
Hispanic	11,055	5,380	5,670	700	320	380
Honduran	10,650	5,235	5,415	350	180	175
Maya	6,285	3,350	2,940	210	105	105
Mexican	128,485	62,890	65,595	7,560	3,880	3,680
Nicaraguan	13,705	6,650	7,055	870	405	475
Panamanian	4,700	2,210	2,495	140	60	80
Paraguayan	4,325	2,165	2,160	165	70	90
Peruvian	42,145	19,645	22,505	1,425	610	810
Salvadorean	66,220	32,960	33,255	2,775	1,425	1,350
Uruguayan	6,795	3,390	3,410	120	70	55
Venezuelan	26,345	12,220	14,125	3,300	1,670	1,630
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	28,455	13,930	14,525	1,570	765	795
African origins	1,067,930	539,805	528,120	55,730	28,570	27,160
Central and West African origins	230,110	118,040	112,070	15,565	8,080	7,485
Akan	1,955	1,090	870	95	55	40
Angolan	2,960	1,475	1,480	155	70	80
Ashanti	1,585	855	735	65	45	20
Beninese	4,995	2,670	2,320	120	45	75
Burkinabe	3,150	1,665	1,485	20	0	15
Cameroonian	24,615	12,390	12,230	965	470	495
Chadian	1,845	955	885	45	30	10
Congolese	38,365	18,925	19,440	1,355	655	700
Edo	1,945	1,095	855	285	165	120
Ewe	845	470	375	70	45	30
Gabonese	1,405	660	750	20	0	20
Gambian	975	495	475	75	35	35
Ghanaian	35,495	17,720	17,770	1,695	905	790
Guinean	7,240	3,785	3,455	150	85	70
Ibo	5,315	2,850	2,470	1,075	545	530
Ivorian	10,935	5,485	5,450	130	75	55
Liberian	2,485	1,130	1,360	290	145	150
Malian	4,490	2,280	2,210	25	25	0
Malinké	1,125	585	535	20	10	10
Nigerian	51,835	27,025	24,805	7,425	3,890	3,535
Peulh	2,435	1,270	1,170	45	25	15
Senegalese	10,175	5,500	4,670	275	185	95
Sierra Leonean	2,620	1,330	1,295	215	115	100
Togolese	5,300	2,870	2,430	75	30	45
Wolof	840	495	345	45	30	15
Yoruba	9,585	5,075	4,515	1,670	920	750
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	15,380	7,940	7,445	580	255	325
North African origins	355,045	185,775	169,270	11,085	5,805	5,285
Algerian	67,335	34,755	32,580	810	410	395
Berber	37,060	19,685	17,375	340	195	140
Coptic	3,535	1,860	1,680	115	60	55
Dinka	900	500	400	265	150	115
Egyptian	99,140	51,730	47,410	4,375	2,335	2,040
Libyan	7,740	4,135	3,605	575	305	270
Maure	1,190	655	535	0	0	0
Moroccan	103,940	54,005	49,945	1,040	550	485
Sudanese	19,960	10,315	9,645	3,255	1,625	1,630
Tunisian	25,645	13,985	11,665	475	250	225
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	6,115	3,320	2,795	270	150	120
Southern and East African origins	260,145	128,325	131,815	20,335	10,370	9,970
Afrikaner	1,870	955	915	95	50	45
Amhara	1,530	815	715	220	120	105
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	3,965	2,175	1,785	190	95	90
Burundian	10,990	5,405	5,580	195	110	85
Djiboutian	1,710	790	920	10	10	0
Eritrean	25,255	12,830	12,430	3,755	2,020	1,735
Ethiopian	44,065	21,680	22,385	6,355	3,205	3,150
Harari	665	355	305	45	25	20
Kenyan	10,915	5,230	5,685	900	410	495
Malagasy	4,500	2,175	2,325	45	20	30
Mauritian	9,325	4,655	4,665	250	150	100
Oromo	3,350	1,745	1,605	680	350	330
Rwandan	10,775	5,065	5,705	180	75	105
Seychellois	1,285	575	710	25	15	0
Somali	62,550	30,215	32,330	2,755	1,385	1,370
South African	41,375	20,575	20,800	2,390	1,190	1,205
Tanzanian	4,710	2,400	2,310	435	180	260
Tigrian	2,155	1,160	995	430	240	190
Ugandan	5,705	2,875	2,830	330	195	135
Zambian	1,860	935	920	115	75	45
Zimbabwean	8,090	3,975	4,110	745	375	365
Zulu	945	475	475	35	20	15
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	17,305	8,445	8,860	1,440	700	740
Other African origins	239,560	116,400	123,165	9,745	4,815	4,925
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	30,385	14,015	16,370	845	405	440
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	212,005	103,790	108,215	8,985	4,455	4,535
Asian origins	6,095,235	2,958,120	3,137,115	366,720	179,430	187,290
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,011,145	518,170	492,980	46,250	24,130	22,125
Afghan	83,995	42,320	41,675	5,205	2,795	2,410
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	111,400	58,930	52,475	4,865	2,635	2,235
Armenian	63,810	31,505	32,305	960	475	485
Assyrian	13,835	7,115	6,720	315	175	140
Azerbaijani	6,425	3,230	3,200	290	120	175
Georgian	4,775	2,430	2,345	215	120	95
Hazara	1,515	810	705	265	140	125
Iranian	210,405	106,565	103,840	8,345	4,335	4,010
Iraqi	70,925	35,965	34,955	3,670	1,920	1,750
Israeli	28,735	15,065	13,675	705	370	335
Jordanian	14,250	7,520	6,735	555	290	265
Kazakh	3,330	1,615	1,710	290	120	170
Kurd	16,315	8,810	7,515	880	505	380
Kuwaiti	2,235	1,185	1,055	50	40	0
Kyrgyz	1,060	510	550	150	90	65
Lebanese	219,555	112,970	106,590	12,760	6,570	6,185
Palestinian	44,820	23,900	20,920	1,555	820	730
Pashtun	4,810	2,565	2,245	380	175	200
Saudi Arabian	6,810	3,935	2,880	155	95	60
Syrian	77,045	38,445	38,600	3,200	1,575	1,625
Tajik	2,905	1,410	1,495	175	100	70
Tatar	4,825	2,155	2,670	340	150	190
Turk	63,955	32,855	31,100	2,470	1,350	1,115
Turkmen	1,040	540	500	60	35	20
Uighur	1,555	775	785	150	75	75
Uzbek	3,920	1,920	2,000	255	110	145
Yemeni	6,645	3,335	3,305	545	270	280
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	25,280	13,180	12,100	1,330	695	635
South Asian origins	1,963,330	993,595	969,735	115,295	58,585	56,710
Bangladeshi	45,940	23,645	22,300	2,355	1,165	1,190
Bengali	22,900	11,730	11,180	950	475	475
Bhutanese	3,600	1,765	1,835	160	80	80
East Indian	1,374,710	694,990	679,720	84,780	42,810	41,970
Goan	6,070	2,915	3,155	285	145	145
Gujarati	8,350	4,305	4,050	290	140	155
Kashmiri	3,115	1,605	1,510	570	275	295
Nepali	17,140	8,715	8,420	1,880	1,015	860
Pakistani	215,555	110,420	105,140	17,670	9,050	8,620
Punjabi	118,400	61,155	57,240	7,920	4,110	3,805
Sinhalese	7,285	3,605	3,685	365	195	170
Sri Lankan	152,595	75,010	77,585	2,340	1,225	1,115
Tamil	48,670	24,845	23,825	415	210	200
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	76,400	38,815	37,585	2,480	1,260	1,220
East and Southeast Asian origins	3,163,360	1,467,205	1,696,155	207,260	97,820	109,440
Burmese	9,335	4,535	4,795	750	375	375
Cambodian (Khmer)	38,490	18,515	19,980	2,010	1,085	920
Chinese	1,769,195	836,150	933,045	102,070	49,475	52,590
Filipino	837,130	369,105	468,025	71,780	32,435	39,350
Hmong	805	420	390	0	0	0
Indonesian	21,390	9,950	11,440	1,425	655	770
Japanese	121,485	53,415	68,070	7,080	3,115	3,965
Karen	4,510	2,275	2,240	300	145	155
Korean	198,210	93,680	104,525	11,235	5,235	6,000
Laotian	24,580	12,190	12,390	820	375	445
Malaysian	16,920	7,735	9,185	1,250	570	680
Mongolian	7,480	3,560	3,915	1,060	490	575
Singaporean	2,850	1,325	1,520	200	105	95
Taiwanese	36,510	16,570	19,945	1,150	510	640
Thai	19,010	7,330	11,680	975	360	615
Tibetan	8,040	4,055	3,985	890	460	430
Vietnamese	240,615	115,935	124,680	19,515	9,450	10,065
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	6,500	3,150	3,355	300	160	145
Other Asian origins	22,745	11,280	11,460	1,585	800	790
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	22,740	11,280	11,460	1,585	795	785
Oceania origins	85,470	43,030	42,440	5,465	2,835	2,630
Australian	42,315	21,710	20,605	3,020	1,600	1,420
New Zealander	15,395	8,065	7,330	1,090	575	520
Pacific Islands origins	29,485	14,240	15,250	1,450	715	740
Fijian	19,375	9,280	10,090	940	440	500
Hawaiian	3,295	1,500	1,795	150	65	85
Maori	2,500	1,310	1,195	135	60	75
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	1,530	725	805	70	50	30
Samoan	1,100	625	475	60	45	15
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	2,335	1,145	1,185	115	60	55
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	14,072,075	...	...	466,735	...	...
Owner	9,541,320	...	...	333,465	...	...
Renter	4,474,530	...	...	133,275	...	...
Band housing	56,230	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	14,072,075	...	...	466,740	...	...
Condominium	1,874,840	...	...	104,425	...	...
Not condominium	12,197,240	...	...	362,315	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	14,072,080	...	...	466,740	...	...
No bedrooms	93,345	...	...	1,770	...	...
1 bedroom	1,925,015	...	...	50,710	...	...
2 bedrooms	3,547,090	...	...	105,050	...	...
3 bedrooms	4,836,485	...	...	163,595	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,670,145	...	...	145,620	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	14,072,075	...	...	466,735	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	4,068,915	...	...	126,895	...	...
5 rooms	2,177,045	...	...	71,595	...	...
6 rooms	1,981,585	...	...	67,675	...	...
7 rooms	1,790,180	...	...	58,670	...	...
8 or more rooms	4,054,355	...	...	141,900	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	6.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	14,072,080	...	...	466,740	...	...
One person or fewer per room	13,802,060	...	...	454,925	...	...
More than 1 person per room	270,020	...	...	11,815	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	14,072,075	...	...	466,740	...	...
Suitable	13,376,345	...	...	444,435	...	...
Not suitable	695,730	...	...	22,305	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	14,072,080	...	...	466,740	...	...
1960 or before	3,126,380	...	...	46,475	...	...
1961 to 1980	4,185,510	...	...	136,540	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,977,640	...	...	60,930	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,746,390	...	...	73,405	...	...
2001 to 2005	976,390	...	...	52,470	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,089,750	...	...	50,155	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	970,015	...	...	46,760	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	14,072,080	...	...	466,740	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	13,151,600	...	...	446,635	...	...
Major repairs needed	920,480	...	...	20,100	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	14,072,080	...	...	466,735	...	...
1 household maintainer	8,324,865	...	...	261,040	...	...
2 household maintainers	5,404,800	...	...	187,870	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	342,415	...	...	17,835	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	14,072,080	...	...	466,740	...	...
15 to 24 years	437,230	...	...	13,340	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,991,685	...	...	90,125	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,414,920	...	...	101,445	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,862,870	...	...	99,335	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,859,315	...	...	85,310	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,034,220	...	...	45,945	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,084,700	...	...	22,955	...	...
85 years and over	387,135	...	...	8,280	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	13,798,305	...	...	464,370	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	10,472,355	...	...	361,075	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,325,950	...	...	103,290	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,861,615	...	...	89,040	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	9,368,330	...	...	333,440	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	60.7	...	...	66.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	16.6	...	...	16.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,130	...	...	1,588	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,313	...	...	1,612	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	341,556	...	...	450,338	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	443,058	...	...	518,143	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,452,850	...	...	133,275	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	13.0	...	...	10.2	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	40.0	...	...	36.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	910	...	...	1,308	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,002	...	...	1,354	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,580	996,120	494,600	501,520
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,239,575	2,667,995	2,571,585	134,625	68,690	65,940
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	7,576,400	3,686,630	3,889,770	257,270	128,580	128,690
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,230	604,220	297,330	306,890
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,800,260	1,906,610	893,650	65,530	48,650	16,875
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,549,880	880,365	669,515	23,970	13,670	10,295
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	1,250,385	1,026,250	224,140	41,560	34,980	6,580
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,553,825	2,326,940	3,226,890	175,835	74,320	101,520
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	813,335	331,940	481,395	31,725	13,060	18,670
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,659,615	3,070,315	3,589,300	331,130	161,295	169,830
Bachelor's degree	4,443,835	1,967,905	2,475,935	230,410	109,185	121,225
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	462,295	203,725	258,570	17,390	8,025	9,365
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	190,925	102,530	88,395	8,665	4,235	4,430
Master's degree	1,331,045	651,510	679,535	63,990	33,010	30,975
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	231,510	144,640	86,870	10,680	6,845	3,835
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	721,285	359,765	361,525
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,169,790	1,200,110	969,685	58,925	32,105	26,820
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	4,494,585	2,247,020	2,247,565	157,950	80,655	77,290
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,267,005	5,821,425	6,445,580	504,415	247,005	257,415
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,042,430	1,377,775	664,650	50,465	38,095	12,370
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,145,035	639,785	505,250	17,785	10,355	7,430
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	897,390	737,990	159,405	32,680	27,735	4,940
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,241,985	1,786,065	2,455,920	141,500	60,555	80,950
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	580,885	240,040	340,850	25,565	10,545	15,015
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	5,401,705	2,417,555	2,984,155	286,890	137,805	149,080
Bachelor's degree	3,590,080	1,562,160	2,027,925	198,550	93,365	105,180
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	362,455	151,205	211,250	14,520	6,600	7,925
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	153,290	74,440	78,855	7,715	3,545	4,170
Master's degree	1,120,190	527,335	592,850	57,410	28,975	28,435
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	175,685	102,415	73,275	8,695	5,330	3,365
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	996,120	494,595	501,520
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	12,815,980	6,354,625	6,461,350	391,900	197,270	194,630
Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,800	35,200	7,430	27,770
13. Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,805	35,200	7,430	27,770
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	596,230	268,050	328,180	19,945	8,325	11,615
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	99,020	72,865	26,150	3,260	2,265	1,000
50. Visual and performing arts	497,210	195,185	302,025	16,685	6,065	10,620
Humanities	850,840	330,490	520,345	27,695	10,045	17,650
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	98,000	22,100	75,900	3,040	625	2,415
23. English language and literature/letters	178,590	52,785	125,810	6,980	1,840	5,140
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	275,525	104,135	171,390	8,530	2,860	5,670
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	4,160	1,640	2,520	125	60	60
38. Philosophy and religious studies	51,930	30,185	21,750	1,855	1,015	840
39. Theology and religious vocations	77,490	46,285	31,200	2,675	1,620	1,055
54. History	111,465	59,965	51,500	3,755	1,875	1,880
55. French language and literature/letters	53,680	13,400	40,290	735	150	590
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,761,900	586,455	1,175,445	65,555	23,275	42,280
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	24,685	5,660	19,025	740	130	610
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	182,275	68,030	114,245	8,135	2,740	5,390
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	324,660	26,065	298,595	7,735	825	6,905
22. Legal professions and studies	289,600	102,660	186,945	12,200	4,305	7,895
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	35,445	8,150	27,295	860	200	660
42. Psychology	281,470	71,230	210,230	10,295	2,320	7,975
45. Social sciences	623,775	304,660	319,110	25,595	12,760	12,835
Business, management and public administration	3,360,045	1,272,475	2,087,565	139,610	58,555	81,055
30.16 Accounting and computer science	6,190	1,850	4,340	170	65	105
44. Public administration and social service professions	237,835	48,815	189,015	6,940	1,190	5,750
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,116,025	1,221,805	1,894,215	132,500	57,295	75,200
Physical and life sciences and technologies	614,280	315,665	298,615	32,330	17,590	14,740
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	249,955	105,560	144,400	10,175	4,085	6,090
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	125,600	61,685	63,915	6,035	2,920	3,115
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	28,155	12,625	15,530	310	115	195
40. Physical sciences	179,305	122,815	56,485	14,480	10,030	4,450
41. Science technologies/technicians	31,270	12,980	18,290	1,335	450	890
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	651,480	420,370	231,110	27,215	17,605	9,615
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	514,685	356,435	158,250	22,150	15,385	6,760
25. Library science	40,820	6,495	34,320	1,465	210	1,250
27. Mathematics and statistics	86,655	50,930	35,725	3,305	1,810	1,495
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	9,325	6,510	2,815	300	190	105
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,327,405	3,022,700	304,700	141,815	120,895	20,915
04. Architecture and related services	114,315	72,880	41,435	5,365	3,280	2,090
14. Engineering	752,465	615,880	136,585	58,795	46,705	12,085
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	620,065	551,855	68,205	26,800	21,745	5,050
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	410	85	325	30	0	30
46. Construction trades	702,155	682,710	19,445	22,110	21,410	700
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	731,135	709,430	21,705	19,165	18,560	610
48. Precision production	406,855	389,850	17,005	9,545	9,195	345
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	339,050	219,040	120,010	9,060	4,780	4,280
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	205,930	127,925	78,005	4,675	2,635	2,035
03. Natural resources and conservation	133,120	91,115	42,005	4,390	2,145	2,245
Health and related fields	2,266,720	441,180	1,825,545	82,120	17,450	64,665
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	164,295	81,260	83,040	6,895	3,390	3,500
51. Health professions and related programs	2,047,680	329,010	1,718,670	72,705	12,735	59,975
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	54,740	30,910	23,830	2,510	1,320	1,190
Personal, protective and transportation services	995,825	507,200	488,630	23,615	11,355	12,260
12. Personal and culinary services	565,555	151,530	414,025	15,870	5,100	10,770
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	3,505	3,080	420	105	100	10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	7,900	7,230	670	150	125	20
43. Security and protective services	206,745	150,540	56,205	3,300	2,235	1,070
49. Transportation and materials moving	212,125	194,810	17,315	4,195	3,805	395
Other	3,170	885	2,280	65	20	45
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	3,170	890	2,280	65	20	45
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	18,931,385	9,268,555	9,662,825	721,290	359,765	361,525
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	6,664,380	3,447,130	3,217,250	216,870	112,760	104,110
Education	727,515	160,315	567,205	26,955	5,300	21,655
13. Education	727,515	160,315	567,200	26,955	5,300	21,655
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	467,905	208,365	259,545	16,540	6,825	9,720
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	74,530	53,995	20,535	2,685	1,855	835
50. Visual and performing arts	393,375	154,370	239,005	13,860	4,975	8,890
Humanities	614,815	232,425	382,390	23,150	8,225	14,925
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	76,540	16,200	60,340	2,605	525	2,075
23. English language and literature/letters	133,800	38,310	95,485	5,900	1,535	4,365
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	191,005	71,770	119,235	7,335	2,415	4,925
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	3,140	1,250	1,895	115	60	60
38. Philosophy and religious studies	37,870	21,930	15,940	1,490	820	675
39. Theology and religious vocations	52,295	31,200	21,090	2,030	1,205	825
54. History	82,565	43,475	39,085	3,140	1,550	1,590
55. French language and literature/letters	37,600	8,285	29,315	540	125	415
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,417,625	453,100	964,525	56,225	19,655	36,570
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20,300	4,595	15,705	620	120	500
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	152,080	56,125	95,955	7,085	2,340	4,750
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	259,845	19,160	240,685	6,305	650	5,650
22. Legal professions and studies	241,170	76,720	164,445	10,600	3,520	7,085
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	27,310	6,390	20,920	730	175	560
42. Psychology	218,470	51,570	166,900	8,670	1,870	6,800
45. Social sciences	498,450	238,540	259,915	22,210	10,980	11,235
Business, management and public administration	2,696,770	1,000,895	1,695,875	118,715	49,670	69,045
30.16 Accounting and computer science	4,955	1,480	3,475	150	65	85
44. Public administration and social service professions	192,190	36,890	155,305	5,880	965	4,915
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,499,625	962,530	1,537,095	112,680	48,640	64,045
Physical and life sciences and technologies	449,870	222,120	227,755	26,245	13,925	12,320
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	195,830	79,945	115,880	8,395	3,290	5,105
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	89,205	42,265	46,945	4,965	2,415	2,550
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	9,280	3,850	5,430	235	105	130
40. Physical sciences	132,935	87,025	45,905	11,635	7,800	3,840
41. Science technologies/technicians	22,625	9,035	13,590	1,005	315	690
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	567,415	368,840	198,575	24,520	15,900	8,620
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	464,000	321,805	142,190	20,455	14,205	6,255
25. Library science	29,955	4,870	25,080	1,170	175	995
27. Mathematics and statistics	65,620	36,895	28,725	2,645	1,370	1,270
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	7,840	5,270	2,575	255	155	100
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,532,555	2,271,735	260,820	117,940	99,370	18,570
04. Architecture and related services	93,135	57,280	35,850	4,455	2,590	1,870
14. Engineering	612,265	490,980	121,285	51,160	40,060	11,105
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	475,045	418,595	56,450	21,915	17,720	4,200
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	350	70	275	30	0	30
46. Construction trades	515,630	499,670	15,960	18,070	17,465	605
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	540,800	523,425	17,375	15,070	14,590	480
48. Precision production	295,335	281,715	13,620	7,235	6,950	290
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	269,445	167,680	101,770	7,880	4,035	3,840
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	159,975	94,680	65,295	3,905	2,140	1,770
03. Natural resources and conservation	109,470	73,000	36,470	3,975	1,900	2,075
Health and related fields	1,749,545	342,395	1,407,145	67,345	14,730	52,620
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	129,560	63,315	66,245	5,845	2,915	2,930
51. Health professions and related programs	1,576,945	256,895	1,320,050	59,250	10,680	48,565
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	43,040	22,185	20,860	2,255	1,130	1,120
Personal, protective and transportation services	770,950	392,820	378,135	18,845	9,350	9,500
12. Personal and culinary services	431,415	114,395	317,025	12,480	4,170	8,310
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	2,725	2,355	375	75	65	10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	4,425	3,975	445	75	70	10
43. Security and protective services	162,995	116,750	46,240	2,690	1,850	835
49. Transportation and materials moving	169,400	155,340	14,050	3,525	3,190	335
Other	2,590	745	1,845	50	15	35
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	2,585	740	1,845	50	15	30
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,585	996,120	494,595	501,520
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,815,975	6,354,625	6,461,350	391,895	197,270	194,630
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,235	604,225	297,330	306,895
Location of study inside Canada	13,117,190	6,299,305	6,817,890	445,535	220,010	225,530
Same as province or territory of residence	11,519,215	5,503,640	6,015,575	308,335	151,155	157,180
Different than province or territory of residence	1,597,975	795,655	802,315	137,205	68,855	68,345
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	2,709,850	1,336,505	1,373,345	158,685	77,325	81,365
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	349,540	189,995	159,545	18,875	10,835	8,035
Philippines	298,830	109,820	189,020	27,065	10,425	16,640
India	281,415	142,410	138,995	18,660	9,290	9,370
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	232,035	131,050	100,980	12,835	7,355	5,485
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	205,375	94,690	110,685	11,810	5,565	6,245
France	88,860	50,400	38,455	1,175	680	495
Other	1,253,790	618,135	635,655	68,265	33,170	35,095
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	721,290	359,760	361,525
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,664,380	3,447,125	3,217,250	216,870	112,760	104,115
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	12,267,005	5,821,430	6,445,575	504,420	247,000	257,415
Location of study inside Canada	10,134,590	4,807,045	5,327,545	368,225	182,120	186,110
Same as province or territory of residence	8,918,160	4,207,495	4,710,665	255,140	125,285	129,850
Different than province or territory of residence	1,216,425	599,545	616,875	113,085	56,830	56,255
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	2,132,415	1,014,385	1,118,030	136,190	64,885	71,305
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	254,245	131,955	122,290	14,895	8,320	6,570
Philippines	263,095	96,025	167,065	25,035	9,555	15,485
India	239,535	117,445	122,090	16,850	8,250	8,600
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	133,655	73,575	60,085	9,220	5,280	3,945
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	175,825	79,635	96,190	10,390	4,800	5,590
France	72,920	40,610	32,310	1,025	600	425
Other	993,135	475,145	517,990	58,770	28,080	30,690
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,585	996,120	494,600	501,520
In the labour force	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,645	728,330	386,935	341,385
Employed	17,230,040	8,923,540	8,306,490	659,015	348,125	310,880
Unemployed	1,442,435	808,285	634,150	69,315	38,815	30,500
Not in the labour force	9,970,545	4,258,605	5,711,945	267,790	107,655	160,135
Participation rate	65.2	69.6	61.0	73.1	78.2	68.1
Employment rate	60.2	63.8	56.7	66.2	70.4	62.0
Unemployment rate	7.7	8.3	7.1	9.5	10.0	8.9
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,580	996,115	494,600	501,525
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	9,282,005	3,930,570	5,351,440	245,035	97,085	147,945
Worked	19,361,010	10,059,865	9,301,150	751,085	397,510	353,575
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	9,626,010	5,402,110	4,223,895	374,465	215,320	159,150
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	9,735,005	4,657,755	5,077,245	376,620	182,200	194,425
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.4	42.9	42.0	42.5	43.2	41.7
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	18,672,470	9,731,825	8,940,640	728,330	386,940	341,390
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,705	206,640	15,180	6,975	8,205
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000	713,140	379,965	333,180
Employee	16,073,685	8,158,745	7,914,940	633,230	329,160	304,070
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	2,194,440	1,375,380	819,060	79,910	50,800	29,110
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	18,672,470	9,731,830	8,940,645	728,330	386,940	341,385
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,710	206,640	15,180	6,980	8,205
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	18,268,120	9,534,120	8,734,005	713,145	379,960	333,180
0 Management occupations	2,013,370	1,251,165	762,205	78,295	50,260	28,035
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,874,305	862,870	2,011,440	126,490	40,290	86,200
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,273,660	990,560	283,105	79,805	62,075	17,730
3 Health occupations	1,245,885	244,730	1,001,155	46,930	9,650	37,270
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,138,445	672,945	1,465,495	72,760	23,290	49,470
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	557,275	255,705	301,570	19,045	8,200	10,845
6 Sales and service occupations	4,265,895	1,843,510	2,422,390	163,780	72,970	90,805
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,668,875	2,504,290	164,585	99,515	92,865	6,655
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	416,135	331,920	84,215	9,850	8,090	1,760
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	814,285	576,435	237,845	16,670	12,265	4,405
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,640	728,330	386,940	341,390
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,710	206,640	15,180	6,980	8,205
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000	713,145	379,965	333,180
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	444,680	310,000	134,675	2,505	1,445	1,060
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	271,300	219,880	51,420	44,805	27,975	16,830
22 Utilities	136,350	100,135	36,210	7,975	5,050	2,930
23 Construction	1,365,010	1,196,550	168,455	65,065	56,350	8,715
31-33 Manufacturing	1,596,570	1,149,745	446,820	36,875	27,205	9,675
41 Wholesale trade	665,685	451,230	214,455	25,905	17,660	8,245
44-45 Retail trade	2,110,200	984,090	1,126,115	78,820	38,405	40,415
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	876,050	656,375	219,670	39,865	28,085	11,775
51 Information and cultural industries	420,350	243,650	176,705	14,400	8,615	5,785
52 Finance and insurance	790,580	327,865	462,715	26,410	11,635	14,775
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	333,305	184,350	148,955	14,490	8,260	6,225
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,335,125	740,520	594,605	76,845	45,025	31,825
55 Management of companies and enterprises	28,795	12,795	16,000	3,440	1,825	1,615
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	802,420	462,825	339,590	30,855	17,950	12,910
61 Educational services	1,346,585	420,845	925,735	45,000	14,385	30,615
62 Health care and social assistance	2,138,025	383,755	1,754,270	77,205	14,390	62,820
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	379,740	192,875	186,865	16,265	7,880	8,385
72 Accommodation and food services	1,283,725	535,210	748,515	50,610	21,600	29,010
81 Other services (except public administration)	814,695	371,880	442,815	30,015	12,260	17,750
91 Public administration	1,128,945	589,530	539,405	25,785	13,950	11,835
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	17,230,035	8,923,540	8,306,495	659,010	348,130	310,885
Worked at home	1,272,285	639,500	632,785	44,830	21,375	23,455
Worked outside Canada	78,815	54,235	24,580	2,810	2,145	665
No fixed workplace address	1,987,260	1,487,445	499,820	89,435	66,890	22,545
Worked at usual place	13,891,675	6,742,360	7,149,315	521,935	257,715	264,215
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	13,891,680	6,742,365	7,149,315	521,935	257,715	264,220
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	8,102,115	3,723,115	4,379,005	490,135	237,685	252,450
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,906,390	1,435,640	1,470,750	21,015	12,370	8,640
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,725,205	1,492,170	1,233,030	7,755	5,790	1,965
Commute to a different province or territory	157,970	91,445	66,525	3,030	1,865	1,165
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135	611,370	324,605	286,760
Car, truck, van - as a driver	11,748,095	6,380,120	5,367,975	434,375	243,680	190,695
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	868,920	349,855	519,065	31,420	10,750	20,670
Public transit	1,968,215	846,735	1,121,485	96,575	43,235	53,340
Walked	877,985	392,950	485,030	30,265	14,545	15,720
Bicycle	222,130	146,615	75,515	9,870	6,925	2,945
Other method	193,595	113,525	80,060	8,855	5,470	3,385
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	15,878,945	8,229,810	7,649,130	611,370	324,605	286,765
Less than 15 minutes	4,449,920	2,071,365	2,378,555	105,535	48,755	56,780
15 to 29 minutes	5,314,295	2,725,165	2,589,130	256,760	136,865	119,895
30 to 44 minutes	3,228,845	1,782,680	1,446,165	161,785	91,745	70,035
45 to 59 minutes	1,391,060	768,115	622,940	50,830	27,165	23,665
60 minutes and over	1,494,830	882,485	612,345	36,465	20,075	16,385
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135	611,370	324,605	286,765
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,073,680	781,230	292,455	40,200	27,835	12,370
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,814,750	1,754,045	1,060,710	123,750	74,595	49,150
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	4,458,835	2,217,210	2,241,620	180,220	93,355	86,860
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,349,975	1,408,710	1,941,265	108,920	51,385	57,535
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,756,265	752,940	1,003,325	67,270	29,355	37,920
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,425,435	1,315,670	1,109,765	91,005	48,080	42,930
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	19,956,255	10,342,970	9,613,285	772,235	407,270	364,965
Single responses	19,365,980	10,042,855	9,323,130	762,700	402,710	359,990
Official languages	19,090,545	9,897,470	9,193,075	753,055	397,715	355,340
English	15,265,335	7,952,010	7,313,320	751,185	397,150	354,035
French	3,825,215	1,945,465	1,879,750	1,865	565	1,305
Non-official languages	275,430	145,380	130,055	9,645	5,000	4,650
Aboriginal languages	24,950	12,385	12,565	10	0	0
Algonquian languages	14,440	7,370	7,070	0	0	0
Blackfoot	80	45	35	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	11,540	5,820	5,720	0	0	0
Atikamekw	1,095	580	515	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	2,055	970	1,085	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	370	180	190	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	40	25	10	0	0	0
Plains Cree	95	60	35	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	15	10	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	75	35	40	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	7,795	3,965	3,835	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	925	510	420	0	0	0
Malecite	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	915	505	410	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	1,895	995	900	0	0	0
Algonquin	45	20	25	0	0	0
Ojibway	765	380	385	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	1,080	595	485	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	1,140	530	610	10	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	1,135	525	610	0	10	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	20	0	15	0	0	0
Chilcotin	20	0	10	0	0	0
Dene	770	360	405	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	165	80	80	0	0	0
Gwich'in	10	10	10	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	135	65	70	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	95	45	45	0	0	0
South Slavey	35	20	20	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages	8,845	4,255	4,595	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	35	10	25	0	0	0
Inuktitut	8,800	4,240	4,555	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Cayuga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	35	10	25	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	10	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	110	25	85	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lillooet	15	10	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	20	10	20	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	35	0	30	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	15	0	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	260	155	105	10	0	0
Dakota	20	10	10	0	0	0
Stoney	240	145	95	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	10	10	10	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	25	0	20	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nisga'a	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	30	15	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	250,485	132,990	117,490	9,640	4,990	4,645
Afro-Asiatic languages	7,380	4,530	2,850	340	205	135
Berber languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Kabyle	20	0	20	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	15	10	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	275	105	170	0	0	0
Bilen	10	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	45	25	20	0	0	0
Somali	220	80	145	0	0	10
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	7,065	4,420	2,650	335	200	135
Amharic	200	95	100	45	30	15
Arabic	5,585	3,695	1,890	240	155	90
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	205	155	55	10	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	30	20	15	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	825	335	490	25	10	20
Maltese	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	135	70	60	15	0	15
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	8,550	3,790	4,760	800	295	505
Khmer (Cambodian)	475	230	245	0	0	0
Vietnamese	8,070	3,560	4,510	800	300	505
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	3,850	1,750	2,095	315	145	170
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	75	20	55	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	25	0	15	0	0	10
Ilocano	110	50	60	15	0	15
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	140	75	65	10	10	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	3,450	1,580	1,875	290	135	150
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	40	25	15	10	0	10
Creole languages	350	125	225	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	25	10	15	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	315	110	200	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	2,225	1,060	1,165	20	10	15
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	90	50	45	0	0	0
Tamil	2,090	1,005	1,080	15	10	0
Telugu	45	10	35	0	0	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	85,550	47,305	38,245	3,065	1,700	1,365
Albanian	350	220	125	25	20	0
Armenian	450	220	230	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10,075	4,745	5,330	310	155	160
Baltic languages	95	35	60	0	0	0
Latvian	40	10	25	0	0	0
Lithuanian	60	25	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages	9,980	4,710	5,270	310	150	160
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	155	90	65	10	15	0
Bulgarian	205	110	90	0	0	10
Croatian	220	130	95	10	10	10
Czech	70	40	30	0	0	0
Macedonian	95	45	55	0	0	0
Polish	2,500	1,265	1,235	95	70	25
Russian	4,850	2,135	2,720	155	60	95
Serbian	530	320	210	10	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	30	25	0	0	0	0
Slovak	100	60	40	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,210	485	725	20	0	20
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	15	15	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	13,285	7,455	5,835	80	45	40
Afrikaans	85	40	40	15	10	10
Danish	90	50	35	0	0	0
Dutch	1,165	630	540	0	0	0
Frisian	40	25	15	0	0	0
German	10,065	5,715	4,345	55	35	20
Icelandic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	65	30	40	0	0	0
Swedish	125	55	70	10	0	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	35	20	15	10	0	0
Yiddish	895	390	505	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	720	495	225	0	0	0
Greek	1,020	545	475	10	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	37,330	21,140	16,190	1,800	1,070	730
Indo-Aryan languages	32,485	18,125	14,360	1,660	985	675
Bengali	530	275	245	15	0	10
Gujarati	880	300	585	15	0	10
Hindi	1,405	755	650	105	50	55
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	10	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	15	15	0	0	0
Nepali	195	95	100	30	15	10
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	27,870	15,945	11,920	1,370	860	515
Sindhi	35	10	30	10	0	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	40	25	20	10	10	0
Urdu	1,495	705	790	105	40	65
Iranian languages	4,820	3,000	1,815	135	80	50
Kurdish	185	150	40	0	0	0
Pashto	50	20	25	15	15	0
Persian (Farsi)	4,580	2,830	1,750	115	70	50
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	10	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	23,025	12,965	10,060	840	405	435
Catalan	30	10	20	0	0	0
Italian	1,705	895	805	0	10	0
Portuguese	7,490	4,795	2,695	90	45	50
Romanian	745	365	380	50	30	20
Spanish	13,030	6,885	6,145	690	320	370
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	3,255	1,195	2,065	90	35	55
Kartvelian languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Georgian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Korean	12,150	6,260	5,885	475	195	275
Mongolic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	235	120	115	25	0	20
Akan (Twi)	25	10	20	0	0	0
Bamanankan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	20	10	10	0	0	0
Igbo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	0	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	25	0	15	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	80	50	30	20	10	10
Wolof	10	0	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	0	15	10	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	20	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	1,920	740	1,180	55	20	35
American Sign Language	1,145	340	810	25	0	15
Quebec Sign Language	135	15	115	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	640	390	255	30	15	15
Sino-Tibetan languages	122,880	65,030	57,850	4,370	2,335	2,035
Chinese languages	122,610	64,880	57,730	4,335	2,315	2,020
Cantonese	58,815	30,485	28,340	2,830	1,465	1,370
Hakka	70	25	45	0	0	0
Mandarin	60,090	32,430	27,665	1,360	775	595
Min Dong	25	15	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	565	335	225	15	0	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	105	65	45	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	2,930	1,530	1,405	125	75	50
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	270	155	115	35	20	15
Burmese	75	35	35	15	10	0
Karenic languages	135	75	55	15	10	0
Tibetan	50	30	20	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	10	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	675	270	405	10	0	0
Lao	150	70	80	0	0	0
Thai	525	205	325	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	750	475	275	25	10	15
Azerbaijani	30	20	0	0	0	0
Turkish	685	435	255	25	10	15
Uyghur	15	15	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	15	10	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	595	270	325	40	30	15
Estonian	50	15	40	0	0	0
Finnish	105	40	65	0	0	0
Hungarian	435	225	215	45	30	15
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	80	45	35	10	10	0
Multiple responses	590,270	300,115	290,155	9,540	4,560	4,980
English and French	412,680	211,095	201,585	1,520	610	910
English and non-official language	154,285	77,870	76,420	7,865	3,875	3,985
French and non-official language	7,830	3,595	4,235	20	10	15
English, French and non-official language	15,475	7,565	7,915	135	65	70
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	19,956,250	10,342,970	9,613,290	772,240	407,275	364,965
None	17,456,725	9,056,235	8,400,490	735,970	388,870	347,100
English	1,259,225	661,460	597,765	4,995	2,365	2,635
French	705,780	349,035	356,745	7,140	3,250	3,895
Non-official language	496,565	257,455	239,105	23,500	12,465	11,040
Aboriginal	37,615	17,215	20,400	75	15	55
Non-Aboriginal	458,945	240,245	218,710	23,425	12,445	10,980
English and French	2,535	1,200	1,335	25	10	15
English and non-official language	18,040	8,765	9,280	105	50	60
French and non-official language	17,265	8,730	8,540	500	270	225
English, French and non-official language	115	90	30	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	34,091,785	16,783,745	17,308,035	1,207,065	602,690	604,375
Non-movers	29,644,795	14,593,190	15,051,605	1,015,150	505,630	509,515
Movers	4,446,990	2,190,555	2,256,435	191,915	97,060	94,860
Non-migrants	2,623,515	1,292,750	1,330,760	143,215	73,025	70,190
Migrants	1,823,475	897,805	925,670	48,705	24,035	24,670
Internal migrants	1,451,005	713,060	737,945	28,085	13,815	14,265
Intraprovincial migrants	1,189,525	580,895	608,630	13,575	6,805	6,775
Interprovincial migrants	261,475	132,160	129,315	14,510	7,010	7,495
External migrants	372,475	184,745	187,730	20,615	10,215	10,400
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	32,568,560	16,004,315	16,564,245	1,144,745	570,630	574,115
Non-movers	20,134,760	9,902,645	10,232,115	616,085	305,515	310,565
Movers	12,433,805	6,101,675	6,332,130	528,665	265,110	263,550
Non-migrants	6,755,630	3,314,730	3,440,905	331,685	167,650	164,035
Migrants	5,678,175	2,786,945	2,891,230	196,975	97,460	99,515
Internal migrants	4,296,720	2,104,325	2,192,395	109,755	54,860	54,895
Intraprovincial migrants	3,467,670	1,689,950	1,777,720	40,215	20,135	20,080
Interprovincial migrants	829,045	414,375	414,670	69,535	34,725	34,815
External migrants	1,381,460	682,625	698,835	87,225	42,605	44,620