Census Profile, 2016 Census
Canada [Country] and Cariboo--Prince George [Federal electoral district], British Columbia

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Canada [Country]			Cariboo--Prince George British Columbia [Federal electoral district]
	Data quality , Canada [Country]  Map : Canada [Country] Change geography 1			Data quality : Cariboo--Prince George [Federal electoral district], British Columbia  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	35,151,728	...	...	108,907	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	33,476,688	...	...	108,252	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	5.0	...	...	0.6	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	15,412,443	...	...	48,916	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	14,072,079	...	...	44,655	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	3.9	...	...	1.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	8,965,588.85	...	...	83,018.97	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	35,151,730	17,264,200	17,887,530	108,910	54,810	54,100
0 to 14 years	5,839,565	2,992,920	2,846,645	18,910	9,805	9,105
0 to 4 years	1,898,790	973,030	925,760	5,965	3,110	2,855
5 to 9 years	2,018,130	1,034,685	983,445	6,615	3,400	3,210
10 to 14 years	1,922,645	985,200	937,445	6,335	3,295	3,040
15 to 64 years	23,376,530	11,576,130	11,800,400	72,575	36,395	36,185
15 to 19 years	2,026,160	1,039,215	986,940	6,695	3,480	3,215
20 to 24 years	2,242,690	1,144,495	1,098,200	6,965	3,615	3,350
25 to 29 years	2,285,990	1,144,470	1,141,515	6,985	3,545	3,440
30 to 34 years	2,329,395	1,148,290	1,181,110	6,805	3,410	3,395
35 to 39 years	2,288,365	1,118,635	1,169,730	6,385	3,150	3,230
40 to 44 years	2,255,135	1,104,440	1,150,695	6,705	3,250	3,455
45 to 49 years	2,359,965	1,157,760	1,202,210	7,300	3,605	3,695
50 to 54 years	2,678,075	1,318,755	1,359,320	8,300	4,125	4,170
55 to 59 years	2,620,240	1,285,190	1,335,055	8,695	4,360	4,335
60 to 64 years	2,290,510	1,114,885	1,175,630	7,745	3,850	3,900
65 years and over	5,935,630	2,695,150	3,240,485	17,420	8,610	8,815
65 to 69 years	1,972,480	953,075	1,019,405	6,515	3,295	3,225
70 to 74 years	1,420,875	677,975	742,900	4,395	2,270	2,125
75 to 79 years	1,021,850	469,550	552,300	2,880	1,425	1,455
80 to 84 years	749,650	325,765	423,880	1,930	915	1,015
85 years and over	770,780	268,790	501,990	1,695	705	990
85 to 89 years	482,525	185,535	296,990	1,085	510	575
90 to 94 years	223,510	68,675	154,835	510	165	345
95 to 99 years	56,525	13,240	43,280	90	20	70
100 years and over	8,230	1,340	6,890	10	5	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.3	15.9	17.4	17.9	16.8
15 to 64 years	66.5	67.1	66.0	66.6	66.4	66.9
65 years and over	16.9	15.6	18.1	16.0	15.7	16.3
85 years and over	2.2	1.6	2.8	1.6	1.3	1.8
Average age of the population	41.0	40.1	41.9	40.5	40.0	41.0
Median age of the population	41.2	40.2	42.2	41.3	40.6	42.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	14,072,080	...	...	44,655	...	...
Single-detached house	7,541,495	...	...	29,525	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,391,040	...	...	170	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	4,949,795	...	...	11,425	...	...
Semi-detached house	698,800	...	...	1,540	...	...
Row house	891,305	...	...	2,095	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	784,300	...	...	2,410	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,539,390	...	...	5,295	...	...
Other single-attached house	36,005	...	...	90	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	189,755	...	...	3,530	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	14,072,080	...	...	44,655	...	...
1 person	3,969,790	...	...	12,145	...	...
2 persons	4,834,605	...	...	16,850	...	...
3 persons	2,140,640	...	...	6,585	...	...
4 persons	1,946,275	...	...	5,570	...	...
5 or more persons	1,180,770	...	...	3,500	...	...
Number of persons in private households	34,460,060	...	...	107,300	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	29,312,160	14,271,280	15,040,885	89,995	45,005	44,995
Married or living common law	16,893,720	8,452,135	8,441,585	52,845	26,445	26,405
Married	13,383,455	6,693,465	6,689,990	41,090	20,595	20,500
Living common law	3,510,265	1,758,670	1,751,590	11,750	5,855	5,900
Not married and not living common law	12,418,440	5,819,140	6,599,300	37,150	18,560	18,595
Never married	8,254,340	4,444,425	3,809,915	23,920	13,510	10,410
Separated	718,295	309,905	408,400	2,995	1,360	1,635
Divorced	1,816,005	725,535	1,090,470	5,480	2,545	2,935
Widowed	1,629,800	339,280	1,290,525	4,755	1,140	3,610
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	9,840,730	...	...	31,365	...	...
2 persons	5,007,790	...	...	17,580	...	...
3 persons	2,107,830	...	...	6,170	...	...
4 persons	1,909,935	...	...	5,185	...	...
5 or more persons	815,170	...	...	2,435	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	9,840,730	...	...	31,365	...	...
Total couple families	8,227,925	...	...	25,920	...	...
Married couples	6,474,005	...	...	20,045	...	...
Common-law couples	1,753,920	...	...	5,875	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,612,805	...	...	5,445	...	...
Female parent	1,262,340	...	...	4,070	...	...
Male parent	350,465	...	...	1,370	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	8,227,925	...	...	25,920	...	...
Couples without children	4,024,305	...	...	14,265	...	...
Couples with children	4,203,615	...	...	11,655	...	...
1 child	1,650,165	...	...	4,650	...	...
2 children	1,783,080	...	...	4,715	...	...
3 or more children	770,375	...	...	2,290	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,612,805	...	...	5,440	...	...
1 child	983,485	...	...	3,320	...	...
2 children	457,670	...	...	1,515	...	...
3 or more children	171,655	...	...	610	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	6,107,260	2,941,395	3,165,865	19,845	10,485	9,360
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	14,072,075	...	...	44,655	...	...
One-census-family households	9,218,225	...	...	29,680	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	3,782,095	...	...	13,640	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	5,436,135	...	...	16,040	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	301,715	...	...	830	...	...
Non-census-family households	4,552,135	...	...	14,145	...	...
One-person households	3,969,790	...	...	12,145	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	582,350	...	...	2,000	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,080	107,920	54,360	53,565
English only	23,757,525	11,838,075	11,919,455	102,750	52,065	50,680
French only	4,144,685	1,925,845	2,218,840	45	10	35
English and French	6,216,065	3,071,325	3,144,740	4,680	2,105	2,575
Neither English nor French	648,970	265,920	383,045	445	175	275
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085	107,920	54,360	53,565
English	26,007,500	12,852,330	13,155,165	106,310	53,590	52,725
French	7,705,755	3,780,105	3,925,650	1,075	555	520
English and French	417,485	209,130	208,355	110	50	60
Neither English nor French	636,515	259,600	376,910	425	165	260
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	7,914,495	3,884,670	4,029,825	1,130	580	550
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	22.8	22.7	22.8	1.0	1.1	1.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,085	107,925	54,360	53,565
Single responses	33,948,620	16,702,840	17,245,775	106,800	53,795	53,000
Official languages	26,627,555	13,201,620	13,425,940	96,495	48,835	47,660
English	19,460,850	9,680,125	9,780,725	95,210	48,185	47,025
French	7,166,705	3,521,495	3,645,215	1,285	645	635
Non-official languages	7,321,065	3,501,220	3,819,840	10,300	4,960	5,340
Aboriginal languages	195,700	94,795	100,900	1,220	550	670
Algonquian languages	130,450	62,930	67,520	85	35	50
Blackfoot	2,815	1,325	1,490	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	88,445	42,920	45,530	80	35	45
Atikamekw	6,150	3,135	3,015	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	10,230	4,885	5,350	0	0	0
Moose Cree	100	50	55	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,205	590	620	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	315	125	190	5	0	0
Plains Cree	3,065	1,360	1,710	20	10	10
Southern East Cree	45	20	25	5	0	0
Swampy Cree	1,440	585	850	5	0	0
Woods Cree	1,840	865	975	5	0	5
Cree, n.o.s.	64,050	31,305	32,745	50	25	25
Eastern Algonquian languages	6,990	3,310	3,680	0	0	0
Malecite	305	140	160	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	6,690	3,170	3,520	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	32,150	15,350	16,800	5	0	5
Algonquin	1,260	590	670	0	0	0
Ojibway	17,890	8,440	9,450	5	0	0
Oji-Cree	12,855	6,260	6,595	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	150	65	85	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	45	25	20	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	17,365	8,325	9,045	920	405	520
Northern Athabaskan languages	17,315	8,310	9,010	920	405	520
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	110	55	60	0	0	5
Beaver	190	85	105	0	0	0
Carrier	1,025	465	565	335	135	200
Chilcotin	660	295	360	580	265	315
Dene	10,700	5,185	5,515	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	1,645	840	815	0	0	0
Gwich'in	260	110	145	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	80	25	50	0	0	0
Sekani	90	45	45	5	0	5
Slavey-Hare languages	1,995	950	1,045	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	765	365	400	0	0	0
South Slavey	945	455	495	5	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	280	130	150	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	270	135	140	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	180	90	90	0	0	0
Tahltan	95	40	50	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	290	120	170	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	215	90	135	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	70	30	40	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	50	20	35	0	0	0
Haida	75	35	40	0	0	5
Inuit languages	36,545	18,100	18,445	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,025	445	575	0	0	0
Inuktitut	35,215	17,530	17,680	0	0	5
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	315	125	185	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	1,115	485	635	0	0	0
Cayuga	45	20	20	0	0	0
Mohawk	980	430	555	0	0	0
Oneida	55	20	40	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	35	15	20	0	0	0
Kutenai	105	55	55	0	0	0
Michif	465	230	235	5	0	0
Salish languages	2,305	1,130	1,180	155	85	65
Comox	80	45	40	0	0	0
Halkomelem	475	225	245	0	0	0
Lillooet	315	155	155	5	0	0
Okanagan	270	135	135	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	445	225	220	150	85	65
Squamish	40	20	20	0	0	0
Straits	80	40	40	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	335	150	185	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	255	135	125	5	0	0
Siouan languages	4,285	2,070	2,220	0	0	0
Dakota	1,215	570	635	0	0	0
Stoney	3,025	1,465	1,555	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	55	30	25	0	0	0
Tlingit	95	40	55	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	1,480	730	755	40	20	20
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	880	435	445	25	10	15
Nisga'a	400	200	200	10	5	5
Tsimshian	200	90	110	5	5	0
Wakashan languages	805	370	435	5	0	0
Haisla	90	40	50	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	95	40	55	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	325	145	185	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	285	135	140	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	585	295	295	5	0	5
Non-Aboriginal languages	7,125,365	3,406,425	3,718,945	9,080	4,410	4,670
Afro-Asiatic languages	575,365	298,060	277,300	145	90	60
Berber languages	22,135	11,865	10,270	0	0	0
Kabyle	13,150	6,995	6,155	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	8,985	4,865	4,115	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	42,885	20,095	22,790	5	5	0
Bilen	805	455	350	0	0	0
Oromo	4,960	2,560	2,400	0	0	0
Somali	36,755	16,895	19,865	5	5	5
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	365	195	170	0	0	0
Semitic languages	509,190	265,465	243,725	140	90	55
Amharic	22,465	10,720	11,745	0	5	5
Arabic	419,890	220,785	199,105	130	80	45
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	16,070	7,910	8,160	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5,545	2,780	2,770	0	0	0
Harari	1,320	635	685	0	0	0
Hebrew	19,530	10,480	9,045	5	5	0
Maltese	5,565	2,765	2,800	5	0	5
Tigrigna	16,650	8,310	8,340	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	2,155	1,085	1,070	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	1,155	635	520	5	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages	176,725	81,810	94,920	85	35	50
Khmer (Cambodian)	20,130	9,270	10,860	10	5	5
Vietnamese	156,425	72,470	83,955	75	30	45
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	170	65	100	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	511,480	211,580	299,900	770	245	525
Bikol	1,790	790	1,000	0	0	0
Cebuano	19,890	7,930	11,960	60	25	35
Fijian	745	400	345	10	5	0
Hiligaynon	6,885	2,680	4,205	15	5	5
Ilocano	26,345	10,620	15,720	20	5	15
Malagasy	1,430	665	760	0	0	0
Malay	12,275	5,255	7,020	15	5	15
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	4,040	1,865	2,175	10	5	10
Pangasinan	1,390	590	800	0	0	5
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	431,380	178,575	252,810	630	190	440
Waray-Waray	1,110	430	675	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	4,195	1,770	2,425	10	5	5
Creole languages	72,125	32,310	39,820	5	0	0
Haitian Creole	3,030	1,445	1,590	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	64,105	28,455	35,660	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	4,985	2,410	2,575	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	189,405	94,765	94,640	65	35	30
Kannada	3,970	2,040	1,935	0	0	0
Malayalam	28,570	14,770	13,800	30	20	10
Tamil	140,720	69,080	71,640	15	5	15
Telugu	15,655	8,640	7,020	15	10	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	490	240	250	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	795	395	405	5	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,877,330	1,889,400	1,987,930	6,650	3,330	3,320
Albanian	26,890	13,610	13,285	0	5	0
Armenian	33,455	16,270	17,185	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	701,975	323,640	378,340	845	410	435
Baltic languages	12,530	5,315	7,215	15	5	10
Latvian	5,455	2,350	3,105	5	5	5
Lithuanian	7,075	2,965	4,115	10	5	5
Slavic languages	689,450	318,325	371,115	835	405	430
Belarusan	810	385	430	0	0	0
Bosnian	12,210	6,035	6,180	10	5	0
Bulgarian	20,025	9,675	10,345	15	5	5
Croatian	48,200	23,540	24,665	170	85	80
Czech	22,290	10,525	11,765	60	35	30
Macedonian	16,775	8,050	8,725	10	10	5
Polish	181,710	82,435	99,275	155	75	85
Russian	188,255	85,400	102,855	115	55	65
Serbian	57,350	28,535	28,815	30	15	10
Serbo-Croatian	9,555	4,565	4,985	0	5	0
Slovak	17,580	8,075	9,510	50	25	25
Slovene (Slovenian)	9,790	4,415	5,370	30	20	15
Ukrainian	102,485	45,440	57,040	180	75	105
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	2,415	1,255	1,165	10	5	5
Celtic languages	2,690	1,335	1,360	10	5	5
Scottish Gaelic	1,090	540	550	0	5	0
Welsh	1,075	495	575	5	5	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	530	295	235	5	5	0
Germanic languages	538,765	258,410	280,350	2,525	1,235	1,295
Afrikaans	10,265	5,115	5,145	125	65	55
Danish	12,630	6,245	6,390	100	40	55
Dutch	99,020	48,200	50,820	325	165	165
Frisian	2,100	1,095	1,005	5	5	0
German	384,035	183,215	200,820	1,865	900	965
Icelandic	1,285	600	685	5	5	5
Norwegian	4,615	2,170	2,445	40	20	20
Swedish	6,840	3,015	3,825	50	20	30
Vlaams (Flemish)	3,895	1,730	2,165	5	5	5
Yiddish	13,555	6,750	6,800	0	0	5
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	525	280	240	5	0	0
Greek	106,525	53,350	53,170	50	30	20
Indo-Iranian languages	1,312,750	664,120	648,630	2,295	1,210	1,085
Indo-Aryan languages	1,064,760	538,530	526,235	2,250	1,180	1,065
Bengali	73,125	37,410	35,720	60	30	30
Gujarati	108,780	55,105	53,670	25	10	15
Hindi	110,640	55,880	54,765	130	80	45
Kashmiri	565	300	265	5	5	0
Konkani	3,330	1,625	1,710	5	5	0
Marathi	8,295	4,300	3,995	5	0	0
Nepali	18,275	9,230	9,045	10	5	5
Oriya (Odia)	1,055	560	495	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	501,680	253,515	248,160	1,925	995	930
Sindhi	11,860	5,605	6,260	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	16,335	8,050	8,285	10	5	5
Urdu	210,815	106,960	103,860	70	40	35
Iranian languages	242,805	122,835	119,970	40	25	20
Kurdish	11,705	6,345	5,355	0	0	0
Pashto	16,910	8,760	8,145	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	214,200	107,725	106,470	45	25	20
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5,180	2,755	2,425	5	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,154,270	558,660	595,615	920	445	480
Catalan	865	440	425	0	0	0
Italian	375,635	184,415	191,220	305	160	145
Portuguese	221,540	106,630	114,910	260	130	130
Romanian	96,665	46,195	50,470	45	20	20
Spanish	458,850	220,605	238,245	310	130	180
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	720	380	340	0	0	0
Japanese	43,640	14,790	28,855	75	25	50
Kartvelian languages	1,715	910	805	0	0	0
Georgian	1,715	910	805	0	0	0
Korean	153,425	70,310	83,115	175	85	90
Mongolic languages	1,575	690	885	0	0	0
Mongolian	1,575	690	880	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	91,375	45,075	46,305	110	60	50
Akan (Twi)	13,455	6,490	6,970	10	5	5
Bamanankan	1,535	815	720	5	0	0
Edo	1,670	770	900	0	0	0
Ewe	1,760	950	805	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	2,825	1,495	1,335	0	0	0
Ga	920	445	470	0	0	0
Ganda	1,295	625	665	5	5	0
Igbo	4,235	2,265	1,970	10	5	5
Lingala	3,810	1,785	2,025	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5,845	2,785	3,060	5	5	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5,250	2,355	2,895	0	0	0
Shona	3,180	1,520	1,665	5	5	0
Swahili	13,370	6,385	6,990	15	10	5
Wolof	3,990	2,170	1,820	10	0	5
Yoruba	9,085	4,785	4,300	15	5	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	19,135	9,435	9,695	35	20	15
Nilo-Saharan languages	5,870	3,025	2,845	5	0	5
Dinka	2,120	1,115	1,000	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	3,755	1,910	1,840	5	5	0
Sign languages	7,500	3,925	3,575	30	15	15
American Sign Language	2,685	1,320	1,360	5	0	5
Quebec Sign Language	695	340	355	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	4,120	2,265	1,860	25	10	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,269,215	589,570	679,645	720	360	360
Chinese languages	1,253,360	581,650	671,715	710	350	355
Cantonese	565,270	262,865	302,405	320	150	165
Hakka	10,910	4,900	6,015	5	0	5
Mandarin	592,040	274,630	317,410	320	165	155
Min Dong	1,230	580	650	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	31,795	14,450	17,350	5	5	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	12,915	5,780	7,140	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	38,580	18,165	20,410	55	25	30
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	610	275	335	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	15,850	7,925	7,935	10	0	5
Burmese	3,585	1,795	1,790	0	5	5
Karenic languages	4,705	2,355	2,350	0	0	0
Tibetan	6,165	3,080	3,080	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	1,400	695	705	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	22,010	8,870	13,145	35	15	25
Lao	12,670	6,145	6,525	0	0	0
Thai	9,255	2,690	6,565	30	10	25
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	80	35	55	0	0	0
Turkic languages	40,140	21,120	19,025	10	5	5
Azerbaijani	3,260	1,785	1,470	0	0	0
Turkish	32,815	17,375	15,440	5	5	0
Uyghur	1,035	510	525	0	0	0
Uzbek	1,715	855	865	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	1,315	590	720	0	0	5
Uralic languages	81,985	37,790	44,195	190	105	85
Estonian	5,445	2,325	3,115	10	5	5
Finnish	15,295	6,395	8,900	95	45	50
Hungarian	61,235	29,060	32,175	85	55	30
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	3,690	2,045	1,645	15	5	5
Multiple responses	818,635	398,325	420,305	1,130	560	565
English and French	165,320	80,460	84,860	170	85	85
English and non-official language	533,265	259,160	274,100	920	460	460
French and non-official language	86,150	42,170	43,985	20	10	5
English, French and non-official language	33,900	16,535	17,365	15	5	10
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085	107,920	54,360	53,565
Single responses	33,103,860	16,298,475	16,805,395	105,965	53,420	52,545
Official languages	29,106,670	14,383,020	14,723,645	102,260	51,565	50,690
English	22,162,865	10,966,135	11,196,730	102,055	51,480	50,570
French	6,943,800	3,416,890	3,526,910	205	90	115
Non-official languages	3,997,195	1,915,450	2,081,750	3,705	1,850	1,850
Aboriginal languages	118,470	59,720	58,750	360	170	195
Algonquian languages	75,080	37,825	37,260	15	10	5
Blackfoot	1,115	555	555	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	55,825	28,135	27,685	15	5	10
Atikamekw	5,465	2,825	2,640	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	8,590	4,195	4,395	0	0	0
Moose Cree	10	5	5	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,200	595	605	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	110	55	60	0	0	0
Plains Cree	1,350	665	685	10	5	5
Southern East Cree	20	5	15	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	330	140	190	0	0	0
Woods Cree	800	410	390	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	37,945	19,240	18,710	5	5	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	3,615	1,795	1,820	0	0	0
Malecite	55	30	30	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	3,560	1,770	1,795	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	14,525	7,335	7,190	0	0	0
Algonquin	370	170	200	0	0	0
Ojibway	6,175	3,165	3,015	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	7,900	3,960	3,940	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	75	40	35	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10,265	5,125	5,135	325	150	175
Northern Athabaskan languages	10,255	5,120	5,135	325	150	175
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Beaver	50	30	20	0	0	0
Carrier	245	115	130	65	20	45
Chilcotin	255	125	130	255	130	130
Dene	7,710	3,805	3,905	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	1,020	550	475	0	0	0
Gwich'in	45	25	25	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sekani	15	10	5	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	820	425	395	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	340	180	155	0	0	0
South Slavey	370	190	185	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	105	55	55	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	25	10	10	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	5	5	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	25	15	10	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	10	0	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Haida	10	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	29,490	14,995	14,495	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	165	75	90	0	0	0
Inuktitut	29,230	14,885	14,345	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	90	40	55	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	285	135	155	0	0	0
Cayuga	10	0	5	0	0	0
Mohawk	255	115	140	0	0	0
Oneida	15	5	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kutenai	15	10	5	0	0	0
Michif	85	40	45	0	0	0
Salish languages	285	130	150	10	10	5
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	45	20	25	0	0	0
Lillooet	25	15	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	85	35	45	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	55	30	20	15	10	5
Squamish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Straits	20	10	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages	2,225	1,085	1,140	5	0	0
Dakota	255	140	120	0	0	0
Stoney	1,950	940	1,010	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Tlingit	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	410	210	190	5	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	315	155	155	0	5	0
Nisga'a	70	40	30	0	0	0
Tsimshian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	75	45	35	0	0	0
Haisla	20	10	15	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	235	110	125	5	0	5
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,878,725	1,855,730	2,022,995	3,345	1,685	1,660
Afro-Asiatic languages	307,755	153,275	154,480	95	60	35
Berber languages	8,105	4,215	3,895	0	0	0
Kabyle	5,490	2,855	2,640	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	2,620	1,365	1,260	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	27,095	12,455	14,640	5	0	5
Bilen	620	330	285	0	0	0
Oromo	3,410	1,700	1,710	0	0	0
Somali	22,895	10,340	12,555	5	0	5
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	185	85	95	0	0	0
Semitic languages	272,100	136,390	135,720	90	50	35
Amharic	12,780	6,010	6,770	0	0	0
Arabic	223,540	112,690	110,850	85	50	35
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10,510	5,090	5,425	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	3,445	1,695	1,750	0	0	0
Harari	735	335	400	0	0	0
Hebrew	8,560	4,425	4,135	5	0	0
Maltese	1,130	525	605	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10,205	5,040	5,170	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	1,200	585	620	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	440	215	230	0	5	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	115,210	53,500	61,710	50	20	25
Khmer (Cambodian)	10,880	4,940	5,945	0	0	5
Vietnamese	104,245	48,525	55,725	40	20	20
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	85	40	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	239,785	108,110	131,680	265	110	155
Bikol	290	140	155	0	0	0
Cebuano	7,210	3,325	3,880	25	15	15
Fijian	195	105	90	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	2,205	970	1,240	0	5	0
Ilocano	9,125	4,045	5,080	5	0	5
Malagasy	435	220	210	0	0	0
Malay	3,620	1,710	1,910	5	5	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,200	565	630	5	0	0
Pangasinan	240	110	135	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	213,790	96,235	117,555	220	90	135
Waray-Waray	310	135	170	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,160	545	620	0	0	0
Creole languages	27,860	12,005	15,850	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	1,280	575	705	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	24,575	10,510	14,060	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	2,005	920	1,085	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	122,490	59,780	62,710	35	20	15
Kannada	1,630	825	800	0	0	0
Malayalam	15,440	7,865	7,575	20	10	10
Tamil	96,955	46,570	50,385	10	0	5
Telugu	8,280	4,430	3,850	5	5	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	190	85	105	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	340	160	180	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,911,215	927,225	983,985	2,250	1,145	1,100
Albanian	13,135	6,575	6,560	0	0	0
Armenian	21,505	10,165	11,345	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	314,965	149,315	165,650	170	85	80
Baltic languages	3,275	1,400	1,870	0	0	0
Latvian	1,255	530	725	0	0	0
Lithuanian	2,020	870	1,150	0	0	0
Slavic languages	311,690	147,910	163,780	170	85	85
Belarusan	230	105	120	0	0	0
Bosnian	6,045	3,010	3,040	0	0	5
Bulgarian	11,985	5,835	6,150	0	5	5
Croatian	16,775	7,980	8,795	40	20	20
Czech	6,235	3,060	3,180	10	10	5
Macedonian	6,830	3,250	3,580	10	5	5
Polish	74,780	34,910	39,870	30	20	20
Russian	116,595	55,175	61,425	35	15	15
Serbian	31,750	15,665	16,085	5	5	5
Serbo-Croatian	3,885	1,865	2,020	0	0	0
Slovak	5,615	2,685	2,920	10	5	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	2,050	905	1,145	0	0	0
Ukrainian	28,250	13,150	15,100	25	10	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	670	310	360	0	0	0
Celtic languages	360	205	155	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	185	105	80	0	0	0
Welsh	95	50	45	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	80	50	30	0	0	0
Germanic languages	146,455	71,835	74,615	415	210	205
Afrikaans	4,790	2,355	2,435	85	50	40
Danish	855	410	445	0	0	0
Dutch	9,565	4,630	4,935	20	10	10
Frisian	185	95	90	0	0	0
German	120,335	58,905	61,435	295	150	150
Icelandic	270	120	150	5	5	0
Norwegian	345	145	200	0	0	5
Swedish	1,045	500	545	5	0	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	355	170	185	0	0	0
Yiddish	7,080	3,695	3,385	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	1,625	820	810	0	0	0
Greek	44,545	21,110	23,440	15	10	5
Indo-Iranian languages	838,755	416,960	421,795	1,430	740	690
Indo-Aryan languages	676,185	337,440	338,745	1,415	735	680
Bengali	47,350	23,585	23,765	35	20	20
Gujarati	64,150	31,740	32,405	10	10	5
Hindi	55,510	27,805	27,710	40	25	10
Kashmiri	135	70	70	0	0	0
Konkani	720	355	370	0	0	0
Marathi	3,780	1,940	1,840	0	0	0
Nepali	13,375	6,710	6,670	5	0	5
Oriya (Odia)	470	235	240	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	349,145	174,905	174,240	1,285	660	625
Sindhi	4,975	2,280	2,695	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	7,790	3,860	3,925	5	5	5
Urdu	128,785	63,965	64,820	35	20	15
Iranian languages	160,195	78,310	81,880	10	5	5
Kurdish	6,580	3,400	3,175	0	0	0
Pashto	10,590	5,305	5,290	0	0	5
Persian (Farsi)	143,020	69,600	73,425	15	5	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	2,375	1,215	1,160	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	531,485	251,050	280,440	220	100	120
Catalan	355	165	190	0	0	0
Italian	115,415	49,975	65,440	50	20	25
Portuguese	98,710	46,915	51,795	65	30	35
Romanian	53,320	25,795	27,525	5	5	5
Spanish	263,510	128,110	135,400	100	40	50
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	180	85	95	0	0	0
Japanese	19,785	8,265	11,515	30	15	15
Kartvelian languages	1,040	565	475	0	0	0
Georgian	1,035	565	475	0	0	0
Korean	109,705	51,385	58,320	125	60	60
Mongolic languages	910	440	470	0	0	0
Mongolian	910	435	470	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	28,665	13,340	15,320	30	20	10
Akan (Twi)	5,990	2,695	3,295	5	0	0
Bamanankan	340	180	160	0	5	0
Edo	415	175	240	0	0	0
Ewe	410	185	225	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	825	400	425	0	0	0
Ga	250	105	140	0	0	0
Ganda	345	160	185	0	0	0
Igbo	1,000	485	510	0	0	0
Lingala	1,045	455	590	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	2,110	990	1,115	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	1,530	670	865	0	0	0
Shona	1,035	475	560	0	0	0
Swahili	5,370	2,500	2,870	5	5	0
Wolof	1,380	745	635	5	5	5
Yoruba	2,615	1,275	1,340	5	5	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	4,010	1,850	2,160	5	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	2,650	1,305	1,350	0	0	0
Dinka	1,130	580	550	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	1,525	730	800	0	0	0
Sign languages	10,445	5,870	4,570	45	30	15
American Sign Language	3,015	1,560	1,460	10	0	5
Quebec Sign Language	730	375	355	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	6,690	3,935	2,755	40	25	15
Sino-Tibetan languages	924,720	433,530	491,190	400	195	200
Chinese languages	913,365	427,860	485,505	395	195	205
Cantonese	400,215	184,340	215,885	150	70	80
Hakka	4,080	1,820	2,265	5	0	0
Mandarin	462,890	220,075	242,815	225	115	105
Min Dong	345	150	195	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	13,965	6,345	7,625	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	7,650	3,580	4,075	5	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	23,935	11,440	12,500	20	10	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	280	130	150	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	11,350	5,670	5,680	0	0	0
Burmese	2,245	1,115	1,125	0	0	0
Karenic languages	3,865	1,935	1,930	0	0	0
Tibetan	4,590	2,305	2,280	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	655	305	345	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	9,565	4,455	5,110	5	0	0
Lao	6,175	2,995	3,180	0	0	0
Thai	3,360	1,450	1,915	5	5	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	30	15	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages	22,250	11,205	11,045	5	5	0
Azerbaijani	1,245	640	610	0	0	0
Turkish	18,955	9,525	9,430	5	5	0
Uyghur	610	315	290	0	0	0
Uzbek	990	505	490	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	455	230	225	0	0	0
Uralic languages	23,245	10,715	12,535	20	10	10
Estonian	975	365	610	0	0	0
Finnish	2,790	1,220	1,565	10	5	5
Hungarian	19,485	9,125	10,355	5	5	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	1,110	605	500	5	5	0
Multiple responses	1,663,390	802,695	860,690	1,960	940	1,020
English and French	160,185	77,940	82,235	105	50	50
English and non-official language	1,284,975	620,375	664,600	1,835	875	960
French and non-official language	148,915	70,915	78,000	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language	69,315	33,465	35,850	20	5	10
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	34,767,255	17,101,165	17,666,080	107,925	54,360	53,560
None	29,615,245	14,612,175	15,003,065	101,465	51,290	50,175
English	2,109,340	1,045,215	1,064,120	1,830	935	895
French	731,095	342,245	388,855	795	340	450
Non-official language	2,151,690	1,023,940	1,127,750	3,775	1,750	2,020
Aboriginal	90,740	42,890	47,850	845	370	480
Non-Aboriginal	2,060,945	981,055	1,079,895	2,920	1,385	1,540
English and French	47,970	23,785	24,190	10	10	0
English and non-official language	61,075	30,045	31,030	30	10	10
French and non-official language	48,755	22,690	26,065	30	15	20
English, French and non-official language	2,080	1,075	1,010	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,355	88,450	44,275	44,175
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,190	85,130	42,775	42,350
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,204	40,782	28,860	34,552	47,125	26,710
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175	85,220	42,850	42,375
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,866	35,933	26,621	31,203	40,733	24,972
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	24,583,315	12,296,595	12,286,725	75,770	39,155	36,615
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,762	39,925	26,613	33,102	46,679	24,570
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	19,743,240	8,755,815	10,987,430	59,160	26,270	32,890
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,453	4,199	6,136	6,656	7,360	6,281
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	20,428,685	10,547,760	9,880,925	65,730	34,650	31,085
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,684	39,836	28,474	33,959	48,915	25,225
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	88,400	44,320	44,080
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,489,395	13,441,555	14,047,845	85,080	42,810	42,270
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,487	56,740	38,632	44,670	55,548	33,654
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,500,230	13,446,230	14,053,995	85,185	42,885	42,300
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,977	45,404	32,828	37,613	45,454	29,663
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	24,584,065	12,295,015	12,289,055	75,605	39,165	36,445
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,885	56,803	36,962	43,816	54,841	31,969
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	19,742,130	8,752,070	10,990,060	59,200	26,395	32,810
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,738	7,345	8,050	8,240	8,728	7,847
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	20,428,670	10,542,540	9,886,130	65,665	34,630	31,030
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,057	54,369	37,193	43,309	53,770	31,634
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	88,400	44,320	44,085
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	9,367,045	5,231,015	4,136,035	27,720	15,980	11,740
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	53,431	59,326	47,420	58,060	69,357	45,370
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	65,997	74,289	55,510	62,540	72,227	49,354
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	88.3	91.6	83.7	87.2	90.4	82.0
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	72.0	75.2	67.7	75.0	78.9	68.7
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	11.7	8.4	16.3	12.8	9.6	18.0
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360	88,450	44,275	44,175
Without total income	1,154,450	546,285	608,165	3,315	1,495	1,820
With total income	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,195	85,130	42,780	42,355
Percentage with total income	96.0	96.1	95.8	96.2	96.6	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,877,620	1,668,960	2,208,655	11,970	4,660	7,310
$10,000 to $19,999	4,680,380	1,867,600	2,812,785	14,200	5,360	8,840
$20,000 to $29,999	3,807,840	1,593,335	2,214,505	11,765	4,680	7,090
$30,000 to $39,999	3,206,175	1,472,670	1,733,510	9,760	4,210	5,545
$40,000 to $49,999	2,827,045	1,376,565	1,450,480	7,740	3,425	4,320
$50,000 to $59,999	2,179,775	1,145,685	1,034,090	6,330	3,380	2,945
$60,000 to $69,999	1,655,070	938,755	716,310	5,520	3,515	2,010
$70,000 to $79,999	1,271,850	745,830	526,015	4,615	3,195	1,425
$80,000 to $89,999	966,885	579,290	387,590	3,730	2,700	1,030
$90,000 to $99,999	749,290	452,240	297,050	2,825	2,160	665
$100,000 and over	2,266,600	1,603,400	663,195	6,685	5,510	1,175
$100,000 to $149,999	1,493,570	1,024,210	469,365	5,265	4,345	920
$150,000 and over	773,025	579,190	193,830	1,415	1,160	255
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360	88,445	44,275	44,175
Without after-tax income	1,143,795	541,620	602,175	3,230	1,425	1,800
With after-tax income	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175	85,220	42,845	42,375
Percentage with after-tax income	96.0	96.1	95.9	96.4	96.8	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,004,475	1,706,825	2,297,645	12,335	4,875	7,460
$10,000 to $19,999	4,905,055	1,972,920	2,932,130	15,020	5,790	9,230
$20,000 to $29,999	4,489,925	1,926,175	2,563,755	13,850	5,575	8,270
$30,000 to $39,999	3,924,960	1,870,705	2,054,250	11,015	4,870	6,150
$40,000 to $49,999	3,144,200	1,619,670	1,524,525	8,865	4,425	4,440
$50,000 to $59,999	2,209,280	1,245,570	963,705	7,395	4,675	2,725
$60,000 to $69,999	1,540,300	912,230	628,065	5,785	4,115	1,670
$70,000 to $79,999	1,076,180	654,570	421,610	4,320	3,185	1,140
$80,000 and over	2,204,820	1,540,335	664,485	6,625	5,330	1,290
$80,000 to $89,999	688,705	444,550	244,145	2,670	2,110	555
$90,000 to $99,999	420,975	291,090	129,885	1,515	1,235	275
$100,000 and over	1,095,140	804,690	290,445	2,440	1,985	460
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	28,642,980	13,990,625	14,652,360	88,450	44,275	44,175
Without employment income	8,214,295	3,442,860	4,771,430	22,715	9,630	13,090
With employment income	20,428,690	10,547,760	9,880,925	65,730	34,645	31,085
Percentage with employment income	71.3	75.4	67.4	74.3	78.2	70.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,778,990	1,357,430	1,421,560	10,170	4,650	5,515
$5,000 to $9,999	1,602,140	697,025	905,120	4,875	2,095	2,775
$10,000 to $19,999	2,736,010	1,212,855	1,523,155	8,230	3,270	4,965
$20,000 to $29,999	2,293,785	1,022,090	1,271,695	7,040	2,785	4,255
$30,000 to $39,999	2,149,860	1,001,065	1,148,795	6,225	2,515	3,705
$40,000 to $49,999	1,928,565	946,625	981,940	5,220	2,235	2,985
$50,000 to $59,999	1,554,100	839,045	715,055	4,650	2,485	2,160
$60,000 to $69,999	1,220,310	708,270	512,040	4,370	2,870	1,500
$70,000 to $79,999	992,170	591,945	400,225	3,855	2,735	1,120
$80,000 and over	3,172,770	2,171,415	1,001,355	11,105	8,995	2,110
$80,000 to $89,999	773,755	475,700	298,055	3,270	2,410	860
$90,000 to $99,999	623,980	382,330	241,650	2,400	1,920	485
$100,000 and over	1,775,030	1,313,385	461,645	5,435	4,670	760
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	14,072,080	...	...	44,655	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	70,336	...	...	72,828	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	61,348	...	...	63,190	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	3,969,790	...	...	12,145	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,174	...	...	34,839	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,446	...	...	31,216	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	10,102,290	...	...	32,510	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	88,249	...	...	90,276	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	76,419	...	...	77,868	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	14,072,075	...	...	44,630	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	92,764	...	...	85,156	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	76,171	...	...	71,791	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	3,967,765	...	...	12,165	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	46,799	...	...	44,530	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,685	...	...	37,952	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	10,104,315	...	...	32,460	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	110,813	...	...	100,386	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	90,890	...	...	84,476	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	14,072,075	...	...	44,655	...	...
Under $5,000	228,790	...	...	685	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	200,315	...	...	600	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	374,575	...	...	1,305	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	565,940	...	...	1,810	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	602,800	...	...	1,960	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	538,710	...	...	1,800	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	603,480	...	...	1,765	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	606,600	...	...	1,830	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	596,110	...	...	1,720	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	578,325	...	...	1,710	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,097,345	...	...	3,190	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,010,415	...	...	3,105	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	924,320	...	...	2,940	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	836,765	...	...	2,810	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	745,655	...	...	2,630	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,561,920	...	...	14,810	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,470,255	...	...	5,320	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,016,245	...	...	3,725	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,116,140	...	...	3,720	...	...
$200,000 and over	959,285	...	...	2,040	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	14,072,075	...	...	44,655	...	...
Under $5,000	243,780	...	...	715	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	203,865	...	...	615	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	380,680	...	...	1,315	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	591,660	...	...	1,880	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	673,740	...	...	2,225	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	628,225	...	...	2,130	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	719,825	...	...	2,085	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	725,675	...	...	2,100	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	711,180	...	...	2,055	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	691,695	...	...	2,025	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,299,680	...	...	3,985	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,169,515	...	...	3,705	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,041,635	...	...	3,525	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	900,055	...	...	3,130	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	757,295	...	...	2,750	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,333,575	...	...	10,420	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,371,945	...	...	4,955	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	809,540	...	...	2,690	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,152,090	...	...	2,780	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	9,688,845	...	...	31,075	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	88,306	...	...	89,662	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,372	...	...	77,254	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	3,706,220	...	...	13,325	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,976	...	...	83,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,309	...	...	71,752	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	4,222,140	...	...	11,775	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	113,465	...	...	116,253	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,608	...	...	98,398	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,481,410	...	...	5,005	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,193	...	...	48,750	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,856	...	...	44,920	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	9,689,855	...	...	31,020	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	111,235	...	...	99,751	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	91,040	...	...	83,782	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	3,706,400	...	...	13,345	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	101,086	...	...	94,410	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,296	...	...	78,792	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	4,225,855	...	...	11,715	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	137,094	...	...	124,797	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	111,307	...	...	104,215	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,477,190	...	...	4,985	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	65,549	...	...	57,792	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,687	...	...	50,826	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	5,313,545	2,608,845	2,704,705	17,165	9,250	7,915
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	31,890	34,483	29,801	31,212	36,357	27,132
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	28,959	30,746	27,495	28,390	32,182	25,294
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	5,299,050	2,596,985	2,702,070	17,270	9,375	7,900
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	42,939	46,085	39,915	40,882	45,609	35,273
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	35,801	37,724	33,952	35,028	38,383	31,047
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	34,460,065	16,971,550	17,488,515	107,305	54,050	53,255
In the bottom half of the distribution	17,229,835	8,256,970	8,972,865	52,875	25,500	27,375
In the bottom decile	3,445,950	1,672,900	1,773,050	11,880	5,745	6,140
In the second decile	3,445,660	1,564,965	1,880,700	10,645	4,860	5,780
In the third decile	3,446,165	1,641,930	1,804,235	9,755	4,695	5,065
In the fourth decile	3,445,850	1,677,120	1,768,730	9,870	4,875	4,990
In the fifth decile	3,446,210	1,700,060	1,746,150	10,725	5,320	5,405
In the top half of the distribution	17,230,230	8,714,580	8,515,650	54,425	28,550	25,880
In the sixth decile	3,445,695	1,716,510	1,729,185	10,580	5,380	5,200
In the seventh decile	3,446,470	1,730,975	1,715,500	11,500	5,975	5,530
In the eighth decile	3,445,940	1,741,640	1,704,300	11,655	6,195	5,460
In the ninth decile	3,446,045	1,751,850	1,694,195	12,030	6,380	5,650
In the top decile	3,446,080	1,773,600	1,672,475	8,670	4,630	4,040
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	33,968,295	16,724,265	17,244,035	104,555	52,580	51,980
0 to 17 years	6,836,380	3,504,250	3,332,125	22,165	11,480	10,690
0 to 5 years	2,228,770	1,142,505	1,086,270	7,035	3,655	3,380
18 to 64 years	21,695,090	10,690,090	11,005,005	66,345	33,055	33,290
65 years and over	5,436,830	2,529,930	2,906,905	16,050	8,045	8,000
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	4,809,940	2,243,200	2,566,740	14,985	6,960	8,030
0 to 17 years	1,163,830	597,570	566,255	4,085	2,085	2,000
0 to 5 years	396,095	203,055	193,030	1,460	765	700
18 to 64 years	2,855,290	1,341,590	1,513,700	8,460	3,830	4,630
65 years and over	790,825	304,040	486,780	2,445	1,045	1,395
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.2	13.4	14.9	14.3	13.2	15.4
0 to 17 years (%)	17.0	17.1	17.0	18.4	18.2	18.7
0 to 5 years (%)	17.8	17.8	17.8	20.8	20.9	20.7
18 to 64 years (%)	13.2	12.5	13.8	12.8	11.6	13.9
65 years and over (%)	14.5	12.0	16.7	15.2	13.0	17.4
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	3,128,995	1,519,370	1,609,630	7,520	3,655	3,865
0 to 17 years	696,025	357,255	338,770	1,925	970	955
0 to 5 years	236,435	121,170	115,260	680	340	340
18 to 64 years	2,157,745	1,057,585	1,100,160	5,275	2,530	2,745
65 years and over	275,225	104,525	170,695	320	160	160
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	9.2	9.1	9.3	7.2	7.0	7.4
0 to 17 years (%)	10.2	10.2	10.2	8.7	8.4	8.9
0 to 5 years (%)	10.6	10.6	10.6	9.7	9.3	10.1
18 to 64 years (%)	9.9	9.9	10.0	8.0	7.7	8.2
65 years and over (%)	5.1	4.1	5.9	2.0	2.0	2.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	107,120	53,960	53,165
Official languages	33,818,210	16,709,290	17,108,920	106,660	53,775	52,885
English	29,748,265	14,806,270	14,941,995	106,640	53,770	52,865
French	10,242,945	4,952,455	5,290,495	4,690	2,025	2,665
Non-official languages	9,369,280	4,488,185	4,881,090	13,705	6,615	7,090
Aboriginal languages	263,845	127,550	136,295	2,140	1,000	1,140
Algonquian languages	177,570	85,505	92,065	150	80	70
Blackfoot	5,645	2,695	2,950	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	116,585	56,515	60,070	140	75	60
Atikamekw	6,640	3,335	3,305	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	11,440	5,500	5,945	0	0	0
Moose Cree	195	80	115	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,465	710	755	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	545	225	320	10	0	10
Plains Cree	5,905	2,705	3,200	25	15	10
Southern East Cree	40	30	10	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	2,345	995	1,350	0	0	0
Woods Cree	2,665	1,230	1,435	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	86,115	42,080	44,035	100	60	45
Eastern Algonquian languages	9,765	4,710	5,050	0	0	0
Malecite	755	370	390	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	9,025	4,350	4,670	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	46,685	22,100	24,585	15	0	10
Algonquin	2,480	1,165	1,315	0	0	0
Ojibway	28,585	13,365	15,220	15	0	10
Oji-Cree	15,610	7,575	8,030	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	205	105	105	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	120	60	60	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	23,655	11,340	12,320	1,600	705	890
Northern Athabaskan languages	23,570	11,300	12,265	1,600	710	895
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	210	105	100	0	10	0
Beaver	340	180	165	0	0	0
Carrier	2,105	955	1,145	640	245	395
Chilcotin	1,150	535	610	945	455	495
Dene	13,060	6,270	6,790	15	0	10
Dogrib (Tlicho)	2,375	1,210	1,165	0	0	0
Gwich'in	360	165	200	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	150	60	90	0	0	0
Sekani	185	85	100	10	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	2,815	1,340	1,475	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	1,010	475	530	0	0	0
South Slavey	1,365	660	710	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	680	320	360	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	630	340	285	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	365	205	170	0	0	0
Tahltan	270	140	130	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	420	160	260	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	285	115	170	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	145	50	95	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	85	35	50	0	0	0
Haida	465	205	260	0	0	0
Inuit languages	42,980	21,355	21,630	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,975	895	1,080	0	0	0
Inuktitut	40,620	20,280	20,340	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	470	225	240	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	2,800	1,240	1,555	0	0	0
Cayuga	125	40	85	0	0	0
Mohawk	2,415	1,120	1,295	0	0	0
Oneida	180	60	125	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	115	45	75	0	0	0
Kutenai	175	95	80	0	0	0
Michif	1,210	585	625	10	10	0
Salish languages	5,750	2,730	3,015	320	190	130
Comox	185	75	110	0	0	0
Halkomelem	1,060	475	585	0	0	0
Lillooet	790	405	385	0	0	0
Okanagan	820	370	450	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	1,305	640	665	320	185	135
Squamish	285	125	155	0	0	0
Straits	360	160	200	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	450	220	235	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	565	295	270	0	0	0
Siouan languages	5,430	2,665	2,770	0	0	0
Dakota	1,760	870	890	0	0	0
Stoney	3,675	1,805	1,875	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	140	70	70	0	0	0
Tlingit	260	140	120	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	2,730	1,350	1,380	70	35	40
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	1,305	645	660	60	30	35
Nisga'a	1,060	545	515	10	0	0
Tsimshian	410	180	235	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	1,490	680	805	0	0	0
Haisla	175	65	110	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	125	50	75	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	605	285	320	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	565	265	300	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	30	20	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	665	310	360	10	0	10
Non-Aboriginal languages	9,107,075	4,361,420	4,745,660	11,575	5,620	5,950
Afro-Asiatic languages	837,355	432,560	404,795	170	105	70
Berber languages	29,460	15,745	13,715	0	0	0
Kabyle	17,120	9,100	8,015	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	12,505	6,735	5,775	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	57,125	26,870	30,250	0	0	0
Bilen	1,085	625	470	0	0	0
Oromo	6,245	3,070	3,175	0	0	0
Somali	49,665	23,070	26,590	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	480	220	265	0	0	0
Semitic languages	771,130	400,780	370,350	175	105	70
Amharic	33,670	16,675	16,995	15	15	0
Arabic	629,055	329,235	299,820	155	90	65
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	19,745	9,720	10,020	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	7,115	3,505	3,610	0	0	0
Harari	1,710	855	860	0	0	0
Hebrew	75,020	38,730	36,290	10	10	0
Maltese	7,625	3,760	3,870	0	0	0
Tigrigna	21,340	10,640	10,705	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	3,220	1,655	1,565	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	2,775	1,440	1,335	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	224,865	105,845	119,020	150	75	70
Khmer (Cambodian)	27,035	12,640	14,400	10	0	0
Vietnamese	198,895	93,735	105,155	145	75	70
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	190	70	120	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	656,200	273,075	383,125	920	285	635
Bikol	2,075	885	1,190	0	0	0
Cebuano	27,045	10,960	16,085	35	15	20
Fijian	1,660	955	705	15	10	10
Hiligaynon	7,925	3,200	4,720	20	10	15
Ilocano	34,530	13,805	20,730	0	0	10
Malagasy	2,335	1,120	1,220	0	0	0
Malay	22,470	10,370	12,100	20	0	20
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5,425	2,445	2,980	0	0	0
Pangasinan	1,800	790	1,015	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	612,735	253,210	359,530	845	245	600
Waray-Waray	1,395	530	860	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5,585	2,540	3,040	15	10	10
Creole languages	155,615	70,545	85,070	10	10	10
Haitian Creole	6,850	3,140	3,710	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	133,045	59,890	73,160	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	16,635	7,955	8,675	10	10	0
Dravidian languages	250,180	126,220	123,960	40	10	30
Kannada	8,245	4,180	4,065	0	0	0
Malayalam	37,810	19,410	18,400	10	0	0
Tamil	189,860	94,640	95,220	25	10	20
Telugu	23,160	12,770	10,390	20	10	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	790	385	405	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	870	435	435	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5,158,010	2,506,455	2,651,555	8,565	4,335	4,230
Albanian	31,930	16,140	15,790	0	0	0
Armenian	41,295	19,980	21,315	10	10	10
Balto-Slavic languages	817,315	384,960	432,350	945	470	480
Baltic languages	14,675	6,470	8,205	10	0	10
Latvian	6,500	2,960	3,540	10	0	0
Lithuanian	8,185	3,510	4,675	0	0	0
Slavic languages	805,915	379,965	425,945	930	460	470
Belarusan	2,265	1,070	1,195	0	0	0
Bosnian	18,265	9,055	9,215	0	10	0
Bulgarian	22,425	10,920	11,505	15	0	10
Croatian	69,840	34,515	35,325	180	90	90
Czech	28,720	13,675	15,050	80	35	40
Macedonian	23,075	11,190	11,880	0	0	0
Polish	214,965	99,365	115,600	195	100	95
Russian	269,645	127,055	142,595	195	85	105
Serbian	73,775	37,040	36,740	55	25	30
Serbo-Croatian	11,275	5,525	5,750	10	10	0
Slovak	21,470	10,215	11,255	40	15	20
Slovene (Slovenian)	11,495	5,205	6,290	20	10	10
Ukrainian	132,115	58,820	73,300	200	105	90
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	3,000	1,590	1,405	15	10	0
Celtic languages	9,165	4,705	4,455	25	10	10
Scottish Gaelic	3,980	2,010	1,975	0	10	0
Welsh	1,690	830	860	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	3,590	1,915	1,680	15	0	10
Germanic languages	695,535	337,215	358,320	3,005	1,470	1,535
Afrikaans	23,410	11,795	11,610	185	85	100
Danish	15,745	7,320	8,425	120	55	65
Dutch	120,865	57,885	62,990	355	205	150
Frisian	2,910	1,515	1,395	0	10	0
German	502,730	245,745	256,985	2,290	1,085	1,205
Icelandic	1,780	830	945	0	0	0
Norwegian	8,120	3,860	4,260	50	30	20
Swedish	14,140	6,510	7,635	60	35	20
Vlaams (Flemish)	4,400	1,945	2,455	10	0	10
Yiddish	20,985	10,435	10,550	10	0	10
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	8,710	4,425	4,285	20	10	15
Greek	150,965	75,510	75,455	90	65	35
Indo-Iranian languages	1,658,220	840,850	817,365	2,900	1,575	1,325
Indo-Aryan languages	1,387,805	704,370	683,435	2,820	1,535	1,280
Bengali	91,220	46,935	44,285	90	50	40
Gujarati	149,045	74,765	74,285	25	15	10
Hindi	433,365	221,665	211,700	500	260	235
Kashmiri	905	490	420	0	0	0
Konkani	6,790	3,185	3,605	0	0	0
Marathi	15,570	8,200	7,365	20	10	0
Nepali	21,380	10,915	10,470	10	10	10
Oriya (Odia)	1,535	755	775	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	668,240	341,450	326,790	2,490	1,350	1,140
Sindhi	20,260	9,310	10,945	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	27,825	13,970	13,855	10	10	10
Urdu	322,220	164,685	157,535	160	95	65
Iranian languages	281,715	142,030	139,680	85	40	50
Kurdish	15,290	8,290	7,000	0	0	0
Pashto	23,180	12,465	10,715	20	10	10
Persian (Farsi)	252,320	126,565	125,755	65	30	35
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	8,875	4,715	4,155	10	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,897,630	898,530	999,100	1,800	850	950
Catalan	2,035	1,145	890	0	0	0
Italian	574,725	278,500	296,225	405	190	215
Portuguese	295,955	144,465	151,485	335	175	160
Romanian	115,050	55,275	59,770	80	45	35
Spanish	995,255	460,250	535,010	1,025	460	560
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	2,680	1,610	1,075	0	0	0
Japanese	83,090	36,760	46,335	200	85	115
Kartvelian languages	2,150	1,075	1,075	0	0	0
Georgian	2,150	1,080	1,070	0	0	0
Korean	172,755	80,170	92,590	220	100	120
Mongolic languages	2,090	960	1,130	0	0	0
Mongolian	2,090	960	1,130	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	177,215	88,135	89,080	185	80	105
Akan (Twi)	22,145	10,810	11,340	15	0	15
Bamanankan	3,190	1,660	1,530	0	0	0
Edo	3,220	1,510	1,705	0	0	0
Ewe	3,000	1,685	1,315	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	4,725	2,460	2,260	0	0	10
Ga	2,250	1,140	1,110	0	0	0
Ganda	2,495	1,175	1,320	0	0	0
Igbo	8,850	4,710	4,140	30	10	20
Lingala	17,010	7,865	9,145	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	8,590	4,075	4,515	10	10	10
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	7,860	3,600	4,260	0	0	0
Shona	5,425	2,530	2,905	10	10	0
Swahili	38,680	19,565	19,115	40	20	20
Wolof	8,240	4,455	3,785	0	0	0
Yoruba	22,420	11,475	10,940	50	20	30
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	40,760	20,375	20,385	30	20	15
Nilo-Saharan languages	7,015	3,520	3,495	10	10	0
Dinka	2,475	1,280	1,190	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	4,555	2,240	2,315	10	10	0
Sign languages	48,115	18,985	29,130	210	80	135
American Sign Language	21,930	7,780	14,155	45	10	35
Quebec Sign Language	4,665	1,665	3,005	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	22,275	9,835	12,440	165	70	95
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,430,440	672,100	758,340	815	415	395
Chinese languages	1,413,110	663,465	749,640	800	415	390
Cantonese	699,125	325,840	373,285	340	165	170
Hakka	12,445	5,555	6,890	0	0	0
Mandarin	814,450	377,635	436,815	500	270	230
Min Dong	1,045	440	600	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	42,840	19,005	23,835	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	16,530	7,490	9,040	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	41,690	19,995	21,690	45	20	30
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	590	250	340	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	18,270	9,100	9,175	15	0	10
Burmese	4,995	2,490	2,500	10	0	0
Karenic languages	4,895	2,425	2,475	0	0	0
Tibetan	7,050	3,555	3,490	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	2,375	1,160	1,220	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	30,400	13,210	17,195	35	10	25
Lao	17,235	8,240	8,990	10	0	0
Thai	15,390	5,875	9,520	30	10	20
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	115	50	65	0	0	0
Turkic languages	60,530	31,585	28,945	20	10	15
Azerbaijani	5,450	2,885	2,565	0	0	0
Turkish	50,775	26,605	24,165	15	10	10
Uyghur	1,385	685	700	0	0	0
Uzbek	2,465	1,230	1,235	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	1,870	905	965	0	0	10
Uralic languages	94,810	44,270	50,545	180	100	80
Estonian	6,070	2,750	3,315	10	10	0
Finnish	17,595	7,540	10,050	90	50	45
Hungarian	71,285	34,005	37,280	80	45	35
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	9,730	5,375	4,355	25	15	10
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490	107,120	53,955	53,165
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	32,034,590	15,799,495	16,235,090	103,440	52,280	51,160
Canadian citizens aged under 18	6,652,795	3,412,785	3,240,010	22,185	11,405	10,775
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	25,381,795	12,386,710	12,995,080	81,260	40,875	40,385
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	2,425,480	1,172,085	1,253,400	3,675	1,675	2,000
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	107,120	53,955	53,165
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	26,412,610	13,124,325	13,288,290	95,560	48,345	47,215
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330	10,710	5,115	5,595
Before 1981	1,941,510	927,795	1,013,715	5,315	2,650	2,660
1981 to 1990	915,555	439,245	476,310	1,195	575	625
1991 to 2000	1,486,655	696,720	789,940	1,305	605	695
2001 to 2010	1,985,035	940,570	1,044,465	1,485	690	805
2001 to 2005	928,935	439,890	489,050	675	310	365
2006 to 2010	1,056,095	500,680	555,415	815	375	440
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	1,212,075	582,175	629,895	1,410	600	810
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	506,625	260,755	245,870	850	495	360
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	7,540,830	3,586,500	3,954,335	10,710	5,115	5,595
Under 5 years	731,340	364,165	367,175	1,260	575	680
5 to 14 years	1,311,810	665,870	645,945	2,115	1,095	1,020
15 to 24 years	1,604,430	724,430	880,005	2,955	1,390	1,570
25 to 44 years	3,198,920	1,513,970	1,684,950	3,610	1,675	1,930
45 years and over	694,320	318,060	376,260	770	380	395
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330	10,710	5,115	5,595
Americas	1,128,745	510,650	618,100	2,175	960	1,215
Brazil	29,320	13,235	16,080	25	20	0
Colombia	70,035	32,065	37,965	15	0	15
El Salvador	48,080	23,865	24,215	35	15	15
Guyana	87,685	38,940	48,745	30	15	15
Haiti	93,480	40,955	52,525	10	10	0
Jamaica	138,345	59,960	78,390	30	15	15
Mexico	80,585	37,530	43,055	120	55	70
Peru	29,615	12,950	16,665	10	0	10
Trinidad and Tobago	65,040	29,325	35,710	0	0	0
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	253,715	113,505	140,215	1,705	740	965
Other places of birth in Americas	232,850	108,325	124,530	200	90	110
Europe	2,088,410	1,015,145	1,073,260	4,245	2,160	2,085
Bosnia and Herzegovina	36,135	18,050	18,085	35	30	0
Croatia	40,045	20,005	20,035	145	70	80
France	105,565	55,395	50,170	45	15	35
Germany	145,845	69,525	76,320	780	360	425
Greece	62,715	31,580	31,135	50	30	25
Hungary	36,820	17,945	18,875	50	40	10
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	28,325	14,355	13,970	80	60	25
Italy	236,640	118,595	118,040	200	115	85
Netherlands	88,475	45,185	43,295	300	200	95
Poland	146,465	66,450	80,020	155	85	70
Portugal	139,450	68,150	71,300	185	85	100
Romania	90,305	42,795	47,510	90	60	30
Russian Federation	78,685	34,265	44,420	45	20	25
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	33,320	16,325	17,000	25	10	15
Ukraine	73,030	33,360	39,665	30	0	25
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	499,115	243,225	255,890	1,280	605	675
Other places of birth in Europe	247,470	119,945	127,530	745	375	370
Africa	637,485	322,510	314,970	475	230	245
Algeria	64,620	33,920	30,705	0	0	0
Egypt	64,615	34,125	30,495	55	30	25
Ethiopia	32,790	15,980	16,810	10	10	0
Kenya	27,150	12,810	14,340	15	10	10
Morocco	69,655	36,120	33,535	0	0	0
Nigeria	42,430	21,830	20,600	60	25	25
Somalia	27,230	12,070	15,160	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	44,660	22,205	22,460	210	90	120
Other places of birth in Africa	264,320	133,450	130,870	125	70	60
Asia	3,629,160	1,709,985	1,919,175	3,645	1,675	1,970
Afghanistan	51,955	26,030	25,930	0	0	0
Bangladesh	58,735	29,875	28,865	65	45	25
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	649,260	290,800	358,460	415	190	225
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	208,940	98,020	110,915	85	55	35
India	668,565	334,030	334,540	1,595	830	765
IranCensus data footnote 61	154,425	77,970	76,455	40	20	20
Iraq	68,485	34,785	33,705	10	0	0
Japan	27,240	7,955	19,285	55	10	50
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	123,305	57,170	66,140	170	75	90
Lebanon	88,745	47,295	41,450	0	0	0
Pakistan	202,260	103,225	99,035	100	55	40
Philippines	588,305	247,095	341,210	825	245	575
Sri Lanka	131,995	64,825	67,170	0	10	0
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	52,960	26,595	26,365	25	10	10
Taiwan	63,770	28,170	35,605	15	10	10
Viet Nam	169,250	78,000	91,250	130	65	65
Other places of birth in Asia	320,965	158,150	162,815	120	55	60
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	57,030	28,210	28,825	165	95	75
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	1,212,075	582,180	629,895	1,410	595	810
Americas	152,595	72,870	79,720	120	50	70
Brazil	8,500	4,000	4,490	0	0	0
Colombia	15,300	6,885	8,415	0	0	0
Cuba	5,370	2,545	2,820	0	0	0
Haiti	19,985	9,160	10,830	0	0	0
Jamaica	12,495	6,680	5,820	0	0	0
Mexico	18,660	9,090	9,575	10	0	0
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	33,060	16,480	16,580	55	35	25
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	6,425	2,990	3,435	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	32,790	15,040	17,750	45	20	30
Europe	140,030	70,995	69,035	165	95	70
France	24,150	13,000	11,150	15	0	10
Germany	6,300	3,255	3,045	20	10	10
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	5,660	3,540	2,120	15	15	0
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	5,900	2,735	3,165	0	0	0
Romania	7,610	3,330	4,280	0	0	0
Russian Federation	11,565	4,485	7,080	10	0	0
Ukraine	13,425	6,015	7,410	0	0	10
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	24,445	14,235	10,215	20	10	10
Other places of birth in Europe	40,970	20,405	20,570	80	50	35
Africa	162,800	81,545	81,245	195	90	105
Algeria	17,175	8,440	8,735	0	0	0
Cameroon	10,265	5,005	5,255	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	7,400	3,570	3,835	10	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	6,240	3,030	3,210	0	0	0
Egypt	16,115	8,445	7,665	10	10	0
Eritrea	6,050	3,195	2,855	0	0	0
Ethiopia	7,510	3,625	3,890	0	0	0
Morocco	15,105	7,470	7,635	0	0	0
Nigeria	17,285	8,850	8,435	25	0	20
Somalia	5,335	2,600	2,730	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	5,765	2,935	2,830	135	60	70
Tunisia	6,700	3,475	3,230	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	41,855	20,905	20,950	20	10	10
Asia	748,700	352,095	396,610	925	360	570
Afghanistan	9,240	4,530	4,710	0	0	0
Bangladesh	12,900	6,445	6,460	30	20	10
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	129,020	57,745	71,270	90	30	55
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	4,975	2,090	2,880	0	0	0
India	147,190	75,145	72,045	220	110	110
IranCensus data footnote 61	42,070	20,580	21,490	15	0	0
Iraq	20,665	10,345	10,320	0	0	0
Israel	4,740	2,615	2,130	0	0	0
Japan	4,905	1,250	3,655	25	0	20
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	21,710	9,630	12,075	40	10	25
Lebanon	9,375	4,980	4,400	0	0	0
Nepal	7,505	3,780	3,715	0	0	0
Pakistan	41,480	20,530	20,945	25	10	10
Philippines	188,810	83,050	105,760	445	140	310
Saudi Arabia	5,465	2,820	2,640	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	11,495	5,190	6,305	0	0	0
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	29,945	15,245	14,700	10	0	10
Taiwan	4,310	1,685	2,625	0	0	0
Turkey	4,255	2,365	1,890	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	6,135	3,220	2,910	10	10	0
Viet Nam	11,210	4,500	6,705	10	10	10
Other places of birth in Asia	31,320	14,345	16,970	10	10	0
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	7,955	4,670	3,280	0	0	0
Australia	4,965	2,950	2,010	0	10	0
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	2,990	1,720	1,270	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	34,460,060	16,971,575	17,488,485	107,120	53,955	53,165
First generationCensus data footnote 69	8,219,555	3,936,045	4,283,505	11,910	5,795	6,110
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	6,100,725	3,053,075	3,047,650	18,295	9,075	9,220
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	20,139,790	9,982,460	10,157,330	76,915	39,080	37,835
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	5,703,615	2,709,530	2,994,085	5,565	2,540	3,025
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	2,994,130	1,496,240	1,497,885	2,925	1,435	1,485
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	1,220,755	755,370	465,380	1,195	710	485
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	1,773,380	740,870	1,032,510	1,730	725	1,000
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	1,782,490	728,085	1,054,400	2,300	885	1,420
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	858,845	453,675	405,175	315	210	110
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	68,145	31,530	36,615	25	10	15
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	107,120	53,955	53,160
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	1,673,785	813,520	860,265	17,830	8,620	9,205
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	1,629,805	792,970	836,835	17,425	8,420	9,005
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	977,235	471,510	505,725	11,640	5,610	6,025
Métis	587,545	289,435	298,115	5,710	2,765	2,945
Inuk (Inuit)	65,030	32,030	32,995	70	40	35
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	21,310	10,165	11,145	320	165	160
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	22,670	10,385	12,290	80	30	50
Non-Aboriginal identity	32,786,280	16,158,060	16,628,225	89,290	45,340	43,955
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490	107,120	53,960	53,165
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	820,120	395,670	424,445	9,580	4,610	4,970
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	33,639,945	16,575,905	17,064,040	97,540	49,350	48,195
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,490	107,120	53,960	53,165
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	727,790	356,970	370,815	6,905	3,445	3,460
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	709,235	347,985	361,245	6,820	3,405	3,415
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	573,215	280,040	293,180	6,080	2,990	3,090
Métis single ancestry	91,255	45,740	45,515	725	405	315
Inuit single ancestry	44,765	22,210	22,555	20	10	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	18,555	8,985	9,565	80	45	40
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15,140	7,305	7,835	80	40	35
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	2,470	1,205	1,265	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	770	390	380	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	170	85	85	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	1,402,735	669,710	733,025	11,800	5,720	6,075
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	1,347,610	644,210	703,400	11,070	5,375	5,695
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	881,455	418,215	463,235	7,040	3,440	3,605
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	441,000	213,940	227,065	3,950	1,890	2,055
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25,155	12,045	13,105	80	45	40
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	55,125	25,505	29,625	725	345	380
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	49,325	22,740	26,585	690	330	360
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,470	1,655	1,815	10	0	10
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,005	940	1,065	25	10	15
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	325	170	160	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	32,329,545	15,944,900	16,384,645	88,415	44,790	43,630
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	107,120	53,955	53,165
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	7,674,580	3,725,090	3,949,495	7,955	3,875	4,080
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	1,924,635	977,690	946,945	3,330	1,795	1,535
Chinese	1,577,060	746,400	830,665	1,060	530	525
Black	1,198,540	580,070	618,475	765	340	430
Filipino	780,125	341,800	438,330	1,165	395	770
Latin American	447,325	215,460	231,860	295	135	160
Arab	523,235	276,425	246,810	80	60	20
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	313,260	148,880	164,385	280	140	140
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	264,305	133,475	130,825	80	35	40
Korean	188,710	89,110	99,600	215	110	110
Japanese	92,920	40,105	52,815	350	155	200
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	132,090	62,540	69,550	100	45	55
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	232,375	113,140	119,230	230	135	95
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	26,785,480	13,246,485	13,539,000	99,165	50,080	49,085
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	107,120	53,955	53,160
North American Aboriginal origins	2,130,520	1,026,675	1,103,840	18,700	9,170	9,530
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,525,570	731,410	794,155	13,900	6,805	7,095
Inuit	79,130	38,695	40,435	140	65	70
Métis	599,995	291,310	308,690	5,470	2,685	2,785
Other North American origins	11,628,535	5,745,695	5,882,835	32,790	16,560	16,230
Acadian	119,675	57,805	61,865	100	55	50
American	377,405	182,690	194,715	2,840	1,410	1,430
Canadian	11,135,965	5,501,595	5,634,370	30,815	15,580	15,230
New Brunswicker	1,490	800	685	10	10	0
Newfoundlander	22,215	11,420	10,800	45	20	20
Nova Scotian	3,700	1,770	1,930	20	10	15
Ontarian	3,925	1,980	1,945	10	10	0
Québécois	194,560	99,320	95,235	65	45	20
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	1,895	950	945	10	0	15
European origins	19,683,320	9,687,715	9,995,605	78,775	39,615	39,160
British Isles origins	11,211,850	5,474,735	5,737,115	52,975	26,185	26,785
Channel Islander	3,595	1,740	1,855	0	0	10
Cornish	1,975	995	975	10	0	0
English	6,320,085	3,069,515	3,250,570	31,895	15,750	16,145
Irish	4,627,000	2,195,620	2,431,385	20,070	9,540	10,525
Manx	6,125	3,090	3,040	70	20	45
Scottish	4,799,005	2,323,390	2,475,620	24,160	11,555	12,600
Welsh	474,805	226,600	248,210	2,795	1,365	1,430
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	644,695	307,090	337,610	2,530	1,220	1,310
French origins	4,680,820	2,283,480	2,397,340	14,175	6,910	7,260
Alsatian	2,800	1,300	1,495	0	0	0
Breton	11,845	5,765	6,080	0	0	0
Corsican	1,750	950	805	0	0	0
French	4,670,595	2,278,430	2,392,165	14,175	6,915	7,260
Western European origins (except French origins)	4,600,855	2,258,095	2,342,760	27,245	13,705	13,540
Austrian	207,050	100,775	106,275	1,180	615	565
Bavarian	940	485	455	10	0	0
Belgian	186,665	91,395	95,270	465	200	260
Dutch	1,111,655	546,565	565,090	6,000	3,040	2,965
Flemish	11,685	5,730	5,960	65	20	45
Frisian	4,590	2,395	2,195	10	10	0
German	3,322,405	1,626,785	1,695,615	20,935	10,480	10,455
Luxembourger	3,915	2,025	1,890	0	0	0
Swiss	155,120	76,935	78,185	1,100	555	545
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	3,365	1,645	1,720	20	15	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,201,320	579,005	622,315	11,905	5,955	5,945
Danish	207,470	100,660	106,810	1,810	885	925
Finnish	143,645	69,045	74,600	840	415	425
Icelandic	101,795	49,875	51,915	890	460	435
Norwegian	463,275	223,075	240,200	5,440	2,770	2,675
Swedish	349,645	163,545	186,095	3,840	1,880	1,955
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	52,780	26,965	25,820	520	245	275
Eastern European origins	3,431,245	1,666,740	1,764,505	15,045	7,575	7,465
Bulgarian	34,565	16,935	17,625	80	40	40
Byelorussian	20,710	10,190	10,515	30	15	10
Czech	104,580	51,555	53,030	410	215	200
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	40,715	19,235	21,480	185	100	85
Estonian	24,530	11,715	12,815	105	55	45
Hungarian	348,085	170,040	178,045	1,370	700	665
Latvian	30,725	14,920	15,805	85	45	40
Lithuanian	59,285	28,745	30,535	140	55	90
Moldovan	14,915	7,265	7,650	15	10	0
Polish	1,106,585	533,830	572,750	3,775	1,900	1,875
Romanian	238,050	114,705	123,345	765	365	400
Russian	622,445	297,600	324,850	3,345	1,650	1,700
Slovak	72,285	35,360	36,925	195	110	85
Ukrainian	1,359,655	663,560	696,095	6,925	3,535	3,385
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	20,415	9,895	10,520	50	35	15
Southern European origins	3,012,375	1,494,605	1,517,775	6,260	2,930	3,335
Albanian	36,185	18,385	17,800	0	0	0
Bosnian	26,740	13,320	13,420	20	20	10
Catalan	1,280	740	535	0	0	0
Croatian	133,970	67,825	66,140	505	250	250
Cypriot	5,650	2,850	2,795	0	0	0
Greek	271,410	137,405	134,005	370	190	180
Italian	1,587,965	794,525	793,445	3,300	1,565	1,735
Kosovar	2,865	1,470	1,395	0	0	0
Macedonian	43,110	21,650	21,460	0	0	0
Maltese	41,920	20,955	20,965	95	35	55
Montenegrin	4,160	2,180	1,985	0	10	0
Portuguese	482,605	239,360	243,250	830	395	435
Serbian	96,530	49,095	47,440	140	70	75
Sicilian	6,940	3,500	3,435	15	10	10
Slovenian	40,470	20,105	20,365	100	65	35
Spanish	396,460	184,520	211,945	955	370	595
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	38,480	18,620	19,860	255	130	130
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	2,170	1,030	1,135	10	0	10
Other European origins	226,695	115,110	111,580	800	430	370
Basque	6,965	3,690	3,275	10	0	10
Jewish	143,660	72,625	71,035	235	135	95
Roma (Gypsy)	4,630	2,195	2,440	15	0	10
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	4,870	2,560	2,310	25	20	10
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	67,890	34,730	33,160	520	265	250
Caribbean origins	749,155	349,810	399,345	400	200	200
Antiguan	4,500	2,115	2,385	0	0	0
Bahamian	3,675	1,915	1,760	0	0	0
Barbadian	37,780	17,745	20,035	10	0	0
Bermudan	3,075	1,435	1,640	20	10	15
Carib	3,030	1,175	1,860	10	0	0
Cuban	29,065	13,800	15,270	10	0	10
Dominican	23,130	11,000	12,125	30	10	25
Grenadian	17,915	7,835	10,080	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	1,125	515	605	0	0	0
Haitian	165,095	76,460	88,635	10	10	10
Jamaican	309,485	145,080	164,410	155	85	70
Kittitian/Nevisian	2,915	1,460	1,460	0	0	0
Martinican	2,010	900	1,110	0	0	0
Montserratan	930	460	470	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	3,405	1,645	1,765	20	15	10
St. Lucian	8,985	4,095	4,890	15	10	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	78,965	37,325	41,635	60	40	20
Vincentian/Grenadinian	17,420	7,475	9,945	10	0	10
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	70,270	31,625	38,645	35	15	25
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	26,830	12,520	14,310	40	10	30
Latin, Central and South American origins	674,640	325,210	349,430	840	395	440
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	22,725	10,875	11,850	35	15	20
Arawak	1,440	610	830	0	0	0
Argentinian	20,680	10,130	10,545	50	20	25
Belizean	1,755	915	845	10	0	0
Bolivian	5,055	2,480	2,580	0	0	0
Brazilian	36,830	17,380	19,455	25	15	10
Chilean	45,190	22,280	22,910	135	75	60
Colombian	96,325	45,590	50,735	30	10	15
Costa Rican	5,535	2,680	2,855	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	25,405	11,995	13,415	10	0	0
Guatemalan	26,275	13,360	12,915	0	0	0
Guyanese	84,275	39,530	44,745	35	20	20
Hispanic	11,055	5,380	5,670	45	10	35
Honduran	10,650	5,235	5,415	0	0	10
Maya	6,285	3,350	2,940	25	15	10
Mexican	128,485	62,890	65,595	375	160	215
Nicaraguan	13,705	6,650	7,055	0	0	0
Panamanian	4,700	2,210	2,495	0	0	0
Paraguayan	4,325	2,165	2,160	0	0	0
Peruvian	42,145	19,645	22,505	30	20	10
Salvadorean	66,220	32,960	33,255	35	25	10
Uruguayan	6,795	3,390	3,410	0	0	0
Venezuelan	26,345	12,220	14,125	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	28,455	13,930	14,525	25	15	10
African origins	1,067,930	539,805	528,120	1,000	440	555
Central and West African origins	230,110	118,040	112,070	190	85	110
Akan	1,955	1,090	870	0	0	0
Angolan	2,960	1,475	1,480	0	0	0
Ashanti	1,585	855	735	0	0	0
Beninese	4,995	2,670	2,320	0	0	0
Burkinabe	3,150	1,665	1,485	0	0	0
Cameroonian	24,615	12,390	12,230	0	0	0
Chadian	1,845	955	885	0	0	0
Congolese	38,365	18,925	19,440	0	10	0
Edo	1,945	1,095	855	0	0	0
Ewe	845	470	375	0	0	0
Gabonese	1,405	660	750	0	0	0
Gambian	975	495	475	0	0	0
Ghanaian	35,495	17,720	17,770	10	0	10
Guinean	7,240	3,785	3,455	0	0	0
Ibo	5,315	2,850	2,470	0	0	0
Ivorian	10,935	5,485	5,450	0	0	0
Liberian	2,485	1,130	1,360	0	0	0
Malian	4,490	2,280	2,210	0	0	0
Malinké	1,125	585	535	0	0	0
Nigerian	51,835	27,025	24,805	135	65	65
Peulh	2,435	1,270	1,170	0	0	0
Senegalese	10,175	5,500	4,670	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	2,620	1,330	1,295	0	0	0
Togolese	5,300	2,870	2,430	0	0	0
Wolof	840	495	345	0	0	0
Yoruba	9,585	5,075	4,515	35	10	25
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	15,380	7,940	7,445	20	0	20
North African origins	355,045	185,775	169,270	85	45	40
Algerian	67,335	34,755	32,580	10	0	0
Berber	37,060	19,685	17,375	0	0	0
Coptic	3,535	1,860	1,680	15	15	0
Dinka	900	500	400	0	0	0
Egyptian	99,140	51,730	47,410	55	15	40
Libyan	7,740	4,135	3,605	0	0	0
Maure	1,190	655	535	0	0	0
Moroccan	103,940	54,005	49,945	0	0	0
Sudanese	19,960	10,315	9,645	10	10	0
Tunisian	25,645	13,985	11,665	0	10	0
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	6,115	3,320	2,795	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	260,145	128,325	131,815	285	125	160
Afrikaner	1,870	955	915	10	10	0
Amhara	1,530	815	715	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	3,965	2,175	1,785	0	0	0
Burundian	10,990	5,405	5,580	15	10	0
Djiboutian	1,710	790	920	0	0	0
Eritrean	25,255	12,830	12,430	0	0	0
Ethiopian	44,065	21,680	22,385	10	0	10
Harari	665	355	305	0	0	0
Kenyan	10,915	5,230	5,685	0	0	0
Malagasy	4,500	2,175	2,325	0	0	0
Mauritian	9,325	4,655	4,665	0	0	0
Oromo	3,350	1,745	1,605	0	0	0
Rwandan	10,775	5,065	5,705	0	0	0
Seychellois	1,285	575	710	0	0	0
Somali	62,550	30,215	32,330	0	0	0
South African	41,375	20,575	20,800	175	70	105
Tanzanian	4,710	2,400	2,310	0	10	0
Tigrian	2,155	1,160	995	0	0	0
Ugandan	5,705	2,875	2,830	45	20	25
Zambian	1,860	935	920	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	8,090	3,975	4,110	10	0	0
Zulu	945	475	475	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	17,305	8,445	8,860	10	0	10
Other African origins	239,560	116,400	123,165	435	185	255
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	30,385	14,015	16,370	40	15	30
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	212,005	103,790	108,215	400	170	230
Asian origins	6,095,235	2,958,120	3,137,115	7,410	3,640	3,765
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,011,145	518,170	492,980	400	190	200
Afghan	83,995	42,320	41,675	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	111,400	58,930	52,475	75	50	25
Armenian	63,810	31,505	32,305	10	0	10
Assyrian	13,835	7,115	6,720	20	0	10
Azerbaijani	6,425	3,230	3,200	0	0	0
Georgian	4,775	2,430	2,345	10	10	10
Hazara	1,515	810	705	0	0	0
Iranian	210,405	106,565	103,840	75	35	45
Iraqi	70,925	35,965	34,955	10	0	10
Israeli	28,735	15,065	13,675	30	10	20
Jordanian	14,250	7,520	6,735	0	0	0
Kazakh	3,330	1,615	1,710	0	0	10
Kurd	16,315	8,810	7,515	10	10	0
Kuwaiti	2,235	1,185	1,055	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	1,060	510	550	0	0	0
Lebanese	219,555	112,970	106,590	130	60	70
Palestinian	44,820	23,900	20,920	0	0	0
Pashtun	4,810	2,565	2,245	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	6,810	3,935	2,880	0	0	0
Syrian	77,045	38,445	38,600	25	15	15
Tajik	2,905	1,410	1,495	0	0	0
Tatar	4,825	2,155	2,670	0	0	0
Turk	63,955	32,855	31,100	20	10	10
Turkmen	1,040	540	500	0	0	0
Uighur	1,555	775	785	0	0	0
Uzbek	3,920	1,920	2,000	0	0	0
Yemeni	6,645	3,335	3,305	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	25,280	13,180	12,100	0	0	10
South Asian origins	1,963,330	993,595	969,735	3,370	1,815	1,550
Bangladeshi	45,940	23,645	22,300	75	40	35
Bengali	22,900	11,730	11,180	0	0	0
Bhutanese	3,600	1,765	1,835	0	0	0
East Indian	1,374,710	694,990	679,720	2,980	1,580	1,395
Goan	6,070	2,915	3,155	10	0	10
Gujarati	8,350	4,305	4,050	0	0	0
Kashmiri	3,115	1,605	1,510	0	0	0
Nepali	17,140	8,715	8,420	20	10	10
Pakistani	215,555	110,420	105,140	95	55	45
Punjabi	118,400	61,155	57,240	230	140	90
Sinhalese	7,285	3,605	3,685	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	152,595	75,010	77,585	0	0	0
Tamil	48,670	24,845	23,825	15	10	10
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	76,400	38,815	37,585	65	45	20
East and Southeast Asian origins	3,163,360	1,467,205	1,696,155	3,625	1,620	2,005
Burmese	9,335	4,535	4,795	10	10	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	38,490	18,515	19,980	10	0	10
Chinese	1,769,195	836,150	933,045	1,470	720	745
Filipino	837,130	369,105	468,025	1,225	425	800
Hmong	805	420	390	0	0	0
Indonesian	21,390	9,950	11,440	50	20	35
Japanese	121,485	53,415	68,070	450	210	245
Karen	4,510	2,275	2,240	0	0	0
Korean	198,210	93,680	104,525	235	115	125
Laotian	24,580	12,190	12,390	20	10	15
Malaysian	16,920	7,735	9,185	10	0	10
Mongolian	7,480	3,560	3,915	30	20	10
Singaporean	2,850	1,325	1,520	10	10	10
Taiwanese	36,510	16,570	19,945	0	0	10
Thai	19,010	7,330	11,680	45	15	30
Tibetan	8,040	4,055	3,985	10	0	10
Vietnamese	240,615	115,935	124,680	250	140	105
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	6,500	3,150	3,355	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	22,745	11,280	11,460	35	25	10
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	22,740	11,280	11,460	35	20	15
Oceania origins	85,470	43,030	42,440	495	255	240
Australian	42,315	21,710	20,605	240	120	120
New Zealander	15,395	8,065	7,330	110	60	50
Pacific Islands origins	29,485	14,240	15,250	150	80	75
Fijian	19,375	9,280	10,090	75	45	30
Hawaiian	3,295	1,500	1,795	65	25	40
Maori	2,500	1,310	1,195	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	1,530	725	805	0	10	0
Samoan	1,100	625	475	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	2,335	1,145	1,185	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	14,072,075	...	...	44,630	...	...
Owner	9,541,320	...	...	32,095	...	...
Renter	4,474,530	...	...	12,060	...	...
Band housing	56,230	...	...	475	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	14,072,075	...	...	44,630	...	...
Condominium	1,874,840	...	...	2,565	...	...
Not condominium	12,197,240	...	...	42,065	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	14,072,080	...	...	44,630	...	...
No bedrooms	93,345	...	...	165	...	...
1 bedroom	1,925,015	...	...	3,615	...	...
2 bedrooms	3,547,090	...	...	10,320	...	...
3 bedrooms	4,836,485	...	...	14,665	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,670,145	...	...	15,870	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	14,072,075	...	...	44,630	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	4,068,915	...	...	9,165	...	...
5 rooms	2,177,045	...	...	6,895	...	...
6 rooms	1,981,585	...	...	6,510	...	...
7 rooms	1,790,180	...	...	5,400	...	...
8 or more rooms	4,054,355	...	...	16,670	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	6.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	14,072,080	...	...	44,630	...	...
One person or fewer per room	13,802,060	...	...	44,195	...	...
More than 1 person per room	270,020	...	...	435	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	14,072,075	...	...	44,630	...	...
Suitable	13,376,345	...	...	43,225	...	...
Not suitable	695,730	...	...	1,405	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	14,072,080	...	...	44,630	...	...
1960 or before	3,126,380	...	...	4,120	...	...
1961 to 1980	4,185,510	...	...	22,605	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,977,640	...	...	6,395	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,746,390	...	...	6,625	...	...
2001 to 2005	976,390	...	...	1,420	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,089,750	...	...	2,080	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	970,015	...	...	1,385	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	14,072,080	...	...	44,630	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	13,151,600	...	...	40,855	...	...
Major repairs needed	920,480	...	...	3,775	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	14,072,080	...	...	44,630	...	...
1 household maintainer	8,324,865	...	...	26,855	...	...
2 household maintainers	5,404,800	...	...	16,685	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	342,415	...	...	1,090	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	14,072,080	...	...	44,630	...	...
15 to 24 years	437,230	...	...	1,970	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,991,685	...	...	6,335	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,414,920	...	...	7,100	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,862,870	...	...	8,915	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,859,315	...	...	9,570	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,034,220	...	...	6,680	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,084,700	...	...	3,205	...	...
85 years and over	387,135	...	...	850	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	13,798,305	...	...	42,740	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	10,472,355	...	...	35,555	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,325,950	...	...	7,180	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,861,615	...	...	6,295	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	9,368,330	...	...	30,875	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	60.7	...	...	58.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	16.6	...	...	9.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,130	...	...	863	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,313	...	...	980	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	341,556	...	...	250,457	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	443,058	...	...	268,483	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,452,850	...	...	11,930	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	13.0	...	...	12.2	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	40.0	...	...	37.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	910	...	...	806	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,002	...	...	864	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,580	88,400	44,320	44,080
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,239,575	2,667,995	2,571,585	20,200	11,050	9,155
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	7,576,400	3,686,630	3,889,770	28,960	13,510	15,455
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,230	39,235	19,760	19,475
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,800,260	1,906,610	893,650	10,525	8,380	2,140
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,549,880	880,365	669,515	3,905	2,395	1,510
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	1,250,385	1,026,250	224,140	6,620	5,990	630
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,553,825	2,326,940	3,226,890	14,995	5,635	9,360
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	813,335	331,940	481,395	2,240	740	1,505
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,659,615	3,070,315	3,589,300	11,480	5,005	6,470
Bachelor's degree	4,443,835	1,967,905	2,475,935	7,945	3,475	4,465
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	462,295	203,725	258,570	695	255	440
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	190,925	102,530	88,395	400	220	180
Master's degree	1,331,045	651,510	679,535	2,140	855	1,285
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	231,510	144,640	86,870	300	195	105
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	58,335	29,000	29,335
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,169,790	1,200,110	969,685	9,500	5,590	3,905
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	4,494,585	2,247,020	2,247,565	18,900	8,865	10,040
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,267,005	5,821,425	6,445,580	29,940	14,545	15,395
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,042,430	1,377,775	664,650	7,480	5,965	1,515
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,145,035	639,785	505,250	2,775	1,690	1,085
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	897,390	737,990	159,405	4,700	4,270	430
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,241,985	1,786,065	2,455,920	11,540	4,190	7,350
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	580,885	240,040	340,850	1,595	510	1,090
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	5,401,705	2,417,555	2,984,155	9,320	3,885	5,435
Bachelor's degree	3,590,080	1,562,160	2,027,925	6,365	2,715	3,650
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	362,455	151,205	211,250	520	170	350
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	153,290	74,440	78,855	350	180	165
Master's degree	1,120,190	527,335	592,850	1,845	665	1,185
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	175,685	102,415	73,275	240	155	85
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	88,400	44,320	44,080
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	12,815,980	6,354,625	6,461,350	49,165	24,560	24,605
Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,800	3,040	770	2,275
13. Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,805	3,040	770	2,270
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	596,230	268,050	328,180	600	285	315
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	99,020	72,865	26,150	150	125	30
50. Visual and performing arts	497,210	195,185	302,025	450	160	290
Humanities	850,840	330,490	520,345	1,475	660	815
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	98,000	22,100	75,900	95	10	80
23. English language and literature/letters	178,590	52,785	125,810	350	110	235
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	275,525	104,135	171,390	380	175	205
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	4,160	1,640	2,520	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	51,930	30,185	21,750	85	50	30
39. Theology and religious vocations	77,490	46,285	31,200	320	200	120
54. History	111,465	59,965	51,500	245	105	135
55. French language and literature/letters	53,680	13,400	40,290	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,761,900	586,455	1,175,445	3,040	875	2,165
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	24,685	5,660	19,025	50	0	50
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	182,275	68,030	114,245	185	80	95
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	324,660	26,065	298,595	775	45	730
22. Legal professions and studies	289,600	102,660	186,945	530	140	395
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	35,445	8,150	27,295	55	35	15
42. Psychology	281,470	71,230	210,230	490	140	355
45. Social sciences	623,775	304,660	319,110	965	440	530
Business, management and public administration	3,360,045	1,272,475	2,087,565	6,850	1,820	5,035
30.16 Accounting and computer science	6,190	1,850	4,340	0	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	237,835	48,815	189,015	915	120	800
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,116,025	1,221,805	1,894,215	5,930	1,695	4,230
Physical and life sciences and technologies	614,280	315,665	298,615	1,045	570	475
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	249,955	105,560	144,400	565	280	285
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	125,600	61,685	63,915	190	115	80
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	28,155	12,625	15,530	10	0	10
40. Physical sciences	179,305	122,815	56,485	215	165	55
41. Science technologies/technicians	31,270	12,980	18,290	60	10	50
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	651,480	420,370	231,110	785	535	245
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	514,685	356,435	158,250	640	460	185
25. Library science	40,820	6,495	34,320	65	10	50
27. Mathematics and statistics	86,655	50,930	35,725	70	65	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	9,325	6,510	2,815	0	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,327,405	3,022,700	304,700	10,980	10,425	550
04. Architecture and related services	114,315	72,880	41,435	55	30	20
14. Engineering	752,465	615,880	136,585	790	670	120
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	620,065	551,855	68,205	1,175	1,020	160
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	410	85	325	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	702,155	682,710	19,445	3,045	2,965	80
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	731,135	709,430	21,705	4,150	4,020	135
48. Precision production	406,855	389,850	17,005	1,765	1,725	40
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	339,050	219,040	120,010	2,200	1,535	660
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	205,930	127,925	78,005	500	265	235
03. Natural resources and conservation	133,120	91,115	42,005	1,695	1,270	425
Health and related fields	2,266,720	441,180	1,825,545	6,385	960	5,430
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	164,295	81,260	83,040	315	155	160
51. Health professions and related programs	2,047,680	329,010	1,718,670	5,965	745	5,220
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	54,740	30,910	23,830	110	60	45
Personal, protective and transportation services	995,825	507,200	488,630	2,810	1,315	1,495
12. Personal and culinary services	565,555	151,530	414,025	1,790	420	1,370
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	3,505	3,080	420	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	7,900	7,230	670	45	35	10
43. Security and protective services	206,745	150,540	56,205	265	205	65
49. Transportation and materials moving	212,125	194,810	17,315	710	660	45
Other	3,170	885	2,280	10	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	3,170	890	2,280	10	0	15
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	18,931,385	9,268,555	9,662,825	58,330	28,995	29,340
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	6,664,380	3,447,130	3,217,250	28,395	14,455	13,940
Education	727,515	160,315	567,205	2,180	485	1,700
13. Education	727,515	160,315	567,200	2,180	485	1,695
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	467,905	208,365	259,545	475	230	240
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	74,530	53,995	20,535	105	80	25
50. Visual and performing arts	393,375	154,370	239,005	370	150	220
Humanities	614,815	232,425	382,390	1,105	455	650
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	76,540	16,200	60,340	70	10	65
23. English language and literature/letters	133,800	38,310	95,485	250	75	180
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	191,005	71,770	119,235	300	130	170
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	3,140	1,250	1,895	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	37,870	21,930	15,940	65	35	25
39. Theology and religious vocations	52,295	31,200	21,090	220	130	90
54. History	82,565	43,475	39,085	195	75	115
55. French language and literature/letters	37,600	8,285	29,315	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,417,625	453,100	964,525	2,540	685	1,855
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20,300	4,595	15,705	50	0	50
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	152,080	56,125	95,955	150	70	80
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	259,845	19,160	240,685	640	30	605
22. Legal professions and studies	241,170	76,720	164,445	440	85	355
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	27,310	6,390	20,920	45	30	15
42. Psychology	218,470	51,570	166,900	400	95	310
45. Social sciences	498,450	238,540	259,915	815	375	440
Business, management and public administration	2,696,770	1,000,895	1,695,875	5,440	1,445	4,000
30.16 Accounting and computer science	4,955	1,480	3,475	0	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	192,190	36,890	155,305	760	90	670
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,499,625	962,530	1,537,095	4,680	1,350	3,330
Physical and life sciences and technologies	449,870	222,120	227,755	780	390	390
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	195,830	79,945	115,880	435	215	220
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	89,205	42,265	46,945	155	75	85
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	9,280	3,850	5,430	10	0	10
40. Physical sciences	132,935	87,025	45,905	145	100	45
41. Science technologies/technicians	22,625	9,035	13,590	35	0	40
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	567,415	368,840	198,575	625	445	180
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	464,000	321,805	142,190	530	385	140
25. Library science	29,955	4,870	25,080	40	0	30
27. Mathematics and statistics	65,620	36,895	28,725	45	45	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	7,840	5,270	2,575	10	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,532,555	2,271,735	260,820	7,865	7,415	455
04. Architecture and related services	93,135	57,280	35,850	40	20	15
14. Engineering	612,265	490,980	121,285	590	485	105
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	475,045	418,595	56,450	845	715	130
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	350	70	275	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	515,630	499,670	15,960	2,140	2,080	55
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	540,800	523,425	17,375	3,040	2,935	105
48. Precision production	295,335	281,715	13,620	1,215	1,180	35
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	269,445	167,680	101,770	1,780	1,190	585
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	159,975	94,680	65,295	400	210	190
03. Natural resources and conservation	109,470	73,000	36,470	1,375	980	395
Health and related fields	1,749,545	342,395	1,407,145	4,965	765	4,200
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	129,560	63,315	66,245	265	125	135
51. Health professions and related programs	1,576,945	256,895	1,320,050	4,610	585	4,025
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	43,040	22,185	20,860	90	55	35
Personal, protective and transportation services	770,950	392,820	378,135	2,165	1,040	1,125
12. Personal and culinary services	431,415	114,395	317,025	1,330	310	1,020
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	2,725	2,355	375	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	4,425	3,975	445	30	25	0
43. Security and protective services	162,995	116,750	46,240	245	185	60
49. Transportation and materials moving	169,400	155,340	14,050	555	525	30
Other	2,590	745	1,845	10	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	2,585	740	1,845	10	0	10
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,585	88,405	44,320	44,080
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,815,975	6,354,625	6,461,350	49,165	24,560	24,605
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,235	39,235	19,760	19,475
Location of study inside Canada	13,117,190	6,299,305	6,817,890	35,420	17,880	17,545
Same as province or territory of residence	11,519,215	5,503,640	6,015,575	29,560	14,775	14,790
Different than province or territory of residence	1,597,975	795,655	802,315	5,860	3,105	2,755
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	2,709,850	1,336,505	1,373,345	3,810	1,885	1,930
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	349,540	189,995	159,545	980	525	460
Philippines	298,830	109,820	189,020	390	100	285
India	281,415	142,410	138,995	470	285	190
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	232,035	131,050	100,980	420	225	190
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	205,375	94,690	110,685	90	35	55
France	88,860	50,400	38,455	0	0	10
Other	1,253,790	618,135	635,655	1,460	715	745
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	58,330	28,995	29,340
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,664,380	3,447,125	3,217,250	28,395	14,455	13,945
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	12,267,005	5,821,430	6,445,575	29,935	14,545	15,390
Location of study inside Canada	10,134,590	4,807,045	5,327,545	27,385	13,425	13,955
Same as province or territory of residence	8,918,160	4,207,495	4,710,665	23,055	11,180	11,870
Different than province or territory of residence	1,216,425	599,545	616,875	4,325	2,245	2,085
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	2,132,415	1,014,385	1,118,030	2,555	1,115	1,435
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	254,245	131,955	122,290	560	270	290
Philippines	263,095	96,025	167,065	360	90	275
India	239,535	117,445	122,090	350	190	160
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	133,655	73,575	60,085	200	95	105
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	175,825	79,635	96,190	85	35	55
France	72,920	40,610	32,310	10	0	10
Other	993,135	475,145	517,990	985	445	540
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,585	88,405	44,320	44,085
In the labour force	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,645	58,160	31,165	27,000
Employed	17,230,040	8,923,540	8,306,490	52,485	27,430	25,055
Unemployed	1,442,435	808,285	634,150	5,680	3,735	1,940
Not in the labour force	9,970,545	4,258,605	5,711,945	30,235	13,155	17,085
Participation rate	65.2	69.6	61.0	65.8	70.3	61.2
Employment rate	60.2	63.8	56.7	59.4	61.9	56.8
Unemployment rate	7.7	8.3	7.1	9.8	12.0	7.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,580	88,405	44,320	44,080
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	9,282,005	3,930,570	5,351,440	27,260	11,780	15,480
Worked	19,361,010	10,059,865	9,301,150	61,140	32,545	28,600
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	9,626,010	5,402,110	4,223,895	28,345	16,340	12,005
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	9,735,005	4,657,755	5,077,245	32,795	16,200	16,595
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.4	42.9	42.0	41.5	41.8	41.1
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	18,672,470	9,731,825	8,940,640	58,165	31,165	26,995
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,705	206,640	1,140	630	510
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000	57,030	30,535	26,490
Employee	16,073,685	8,158,745	7,914,940	50,845	26,795	24,050
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	2,194,440	1,375,380	819,060	6,185	3,745	2,440
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	18,672,470	9,731,830	8,940,645	58,165	31,165	27,000
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,710	206,640	1,135	630	505
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	18,268,120	9,534,120	8,734,005	57,025	30,535	26,490
0 Management occupations	2,013,370	1,251,165	762,205	5,425	3,085	2,340
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,874,305	862,870	2,011,440	6,965	1,555	5,415
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,273,660	990,560	283,105	2,765	2,125	635
3 Health occupations	1,245,885	244,730	1,001,155	3,525	595	2,925
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,138,445	672,945	1,465,495	6,325	1,830	4,490
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	557,275	255,705	301,570	860	345	520
6 Sales and service occupations	4,265,895	1,843,510	2,422,390	13,330	4,730	8,600
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,668,875	2,504,290	164,585	11,470	10,810	655
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	416,135	331,920	84,215	3,125	2,625	500
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	814,285	576,435	237,845	3,235	2,825	410
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,640	58,160	31,165	26,995
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,710	206,640	1,135	630	505
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000	57,025	30,535	26,490
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	444,680	310,000	134,675	4,465	3,380	1,080
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	271,300	219,880	51,420	1,465	1,335	125
22 Utilities	136,350	100,135	36,210	355	270	85
23 Construction	1,365,010	1,196,550	168,455	4,335	3,755	575
31-33 Manufacturing	1,596,570	1,149,745	446,820	6,260	5,265	1,000
41 Wholesale trade	665,685	451,230	214,455	1,530	1,215	315
44-45 Retail trade	2,110,200	984,090	1,126,115	7,210	3,065	4,145
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	876,050	656,375	219,670	2,945	2,320	625
51 Information and cultural industries	420,350	243,650	176,705	770	350	420
52 Finance and insurance	790,580	327,865	462,715	1,200	260	940
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	333,305	184,350	148,955	660	370	290
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,335,125	740,520	594,605	2,325	1,135	1,190
55 Management of companies and enterprises	28,795	12,795	16,000	45	20	25
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	802,420	462,825	339,590	1,775	910	860
61 Educational services	1,346,585	420,845	925,735	3,960	1,110	2,850
62 Health care and social assistance	2,138,025	383,755	1,754,270	6,720	1,095	5,630
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	379,740	192,875	186,865	780	335	445
72 Accommodation and food services	1,283,725	535,210	748,515	4,360	1,560	2,805
81 Other services (except public administration)	814,695	371,880	442,815	2,700	1,315	1,385
91 Public administration	1,128,945	589,530	539,405	3,175	1,475	1,695
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	17,230,035	8,923,540	8,306,495	52,485	27,430	25,050
Worked at home	1,272,285	639,500	632,785	3,550	1,635	1,910
Worked outside Canada	78,815	54,235	24,580	65	40	25
No fixed workplace address	1,987,260	1,487,445	499,820	6,710	5,330	1,380
Worked at usual place	13,891,675	6,742,360	7,149,315	42,155	20,415	21,735
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	13,891,680	6,742,365	7,149,315	42,155	20,415	21,735
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	8,102,115	3,723,115	4,379,005	29,085	13,545	15,535
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,906,390	1,435,640	1,470,750	11,625	5,885	5,740
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,725,205	1,492,170	1,233,030	1,135	760	370
Commute to a different province or territory	157,970	91,445	66,525	315	225	90
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135	48,865	25,745	23,115
Car, truck, van - as a driver	11,748,095	6,380,120	5,367,975	41,115	21,710	19,400
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	868,920	349,855	519,065	3,070	1,450	1,625
Public transit	1,968,215	846,735	1,121,485	1,345	840	510
Walked	877,985	392,950	485,030	2,315	1,060	1,255
Bicycle	222,130	146,615	75,515	475	345	130
Other method	193,595	113,525	80,060	545	350	200
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	15,878,945	8,229,810	7,649,130	48,865	25,745	23,115
Less than 15 minutes	4,449,920	2,071,365	2,378,555	24,530	11,245	13,285
15 to 29 minutes	5,314,295	2,725,165	2,589,130	17,110	9,530	7,580
30 to 44 minutes	3,228,845	1,782,680	1,446,165	3,425	2,010	1,415
45 to 59 minutes	1,391,060	768,115	622,940	1,180	820	365
60 minutes and over	1,494,830	882,485	612,345	2,615	2,145	470
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135	48,865	25,750	23,120
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,073,680	781,230	292,455	3,875	3,075	790
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,814,750	1,754,045	1,060,710	7,400	4,745	2,655
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	4,458,835	2,217,210	2,241,620	13,300	7,110	6,180
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,349,975	1,408,710	1,941,265	10,620	3,750	6,870
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,756,265	752,940	1,003,325	4,670	1,645	3,030
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,425,435	1,315,670	1,109,765	9,010	5,420	3,590
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	19,956,255	10,342,970	9,613,285	63,250	33,475	29,775
Single responses	19,365,980	10,042,855	9,323,130	63,020	33,375	29,650
Official languages	19,090,545	9,897,470	9,193,075	62,820	33,290	29,530
English	15,265,335	7,952,010	7,313,320	62,705	33,255	29,450
French	3,825,215	1,945,465	1,879,750	120	40	75
Non-official languages	275,430	145,380	130,055	200	85	120
Aboriginal languages	24,950	12,385	12,565	35	10	25
Algonquian languages	14,440	7,370	7,070	0	0	0
Blackfoot	80	45	35	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	11,540	5,820	5,720	0	0	0
Atikamekw	1,095	580	515	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	2,055	970	1,085	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	370	180	190	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	40	25	10	0	0	0
Plains Cree	95	60	35	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	15	10	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	75	35	40	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	7,795	3,965	3,835	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	925	510	420	0	0	0
Malecite	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	915	505	410	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	1,895	995	900	0	0	0
Algonquin	45	20	25	0	0	0
Ojibway	765	380	385	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	1,080	595	485	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	1,140	530	610	30	10	20
Northern Athabaskan languages	1,135	525	610	30	10	20
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	20	0	15	10	0	10
Chilcotin	20	0	10	15	10	10
Dene	770	360	405	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	165	80	80	0	0	0
Gwich'in	10	10	10	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	135	65	70	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	95	45	45	0	0	0
South Slavey	35	20	20	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages	8,845	4,255	4,595	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	35	10	25	0	0	0
Inuktitut	8,800	4,240	4,555	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Cayuga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	35	10	25	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	10	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	110	25	85	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lillooet	15	10	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	20	10	20	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	35	0	30	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	15	0	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	260	155	105	0	0	0
Dakota	20	10	10	0	0	0
Stoney	240	145	95	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	10	10	10	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	25	0	20	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nisga'a	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	30	15	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	250,485	132,990	117,490	170	70	95
Afro-Asiatic languages	7,380	4,530	2,850	10	10	0
Berber languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Kabyle	20	0	20	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	15	10	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	275	105	170	0	0	0
Bilen	10	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	45	25	20	0	0	0
Somali	220	80	145	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	7,065	4,420	2,650	0	10	0
Amharic	200	95	100	10	0	0
Arabic	5,585	3,695	1,890	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	205	155	55	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	30	20	15	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	825	335	490	0	0	0
Maltese	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	135	70	60	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	8,550	3,790	4,760	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	475	230	245	0	0	0
Vietnamese	8,070	3,560	4,510	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	3,850	1,750	2,095	10	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	75	20	55	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	25	0	15	0	0	0
Ilocano	110	50	60	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	140	75	65	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	3,450	1,580	1,875	10	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	40	25	15	0	0	0
Creole languages	350	125	225	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	25	10	15	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	315	110	200	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	2,225	1,060	1,165	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	90	50	45	0	0	0
Tamil	2,090	1,005	1,080	0	0	0
Telugu	45	10	35	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	85,550	47,305	38,245	105	45	55
Albanian	350	220	125	0	0	0
Armenian	450	220	230	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10,075	4,745	5,330	10	10	0
Baltic languages	95	35	60	0	0	0
Latvian	40	10	25	0	0	0
Lithuanian	60	25	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages	9,980	4,710	5,270	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	155	90	65	0	0	0
Bulgarian	205	110	90	0	0	0
Croatian	220	130	95	0	0	0
Czech	70	40	30	0	0	0
Macedonian	95	45	55	0	0	0
Polish	2,500	1,265	1,235	0	0	0
Russian	4,850	2,135	2,720	0	0	0
Serbian	530	320	210	10	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	30	25	0	0	0	0
Slovak	100	60	40	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,210	485	725	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	15	15	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	13,285	7,455	5,835	35	10	20
Afrikaans	85	40	40	0	0	0
Danish	90	50	35	0	0	0
Dutch	1,165	630	540	0	0	0
Frisian	40	25	15	0	0	0
German	10,065	5,715	4,345	35	10	20
Icelandic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	65	30	40	0	0	0
Swedish	125	55	70	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	35	20	15	0	0	0
Yiddish	895	390	505	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	720	495	225	0	0	0
Greek	1,020	545	475	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	37,330	21,140	16,190	60	30	35
Indo-Aryan languages	32,485	18,125	14,360	60	25	30
Bengali	530	275	245	0	0	0
Gujarati	880	300	585	0	0	0
Hindi	1,405	755	650	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	10	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	15	15	0	0	0
Nepali	195	95	100	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	27,870	15,945	11,920	60	30	35
Sindhi	35	10	30	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	40	25	20	0	0	0
Urdu	1,495	705	790	0	0	0
Iranian languages	4,820	3,000	1,815	0	0	0
Kurdish	185	150	40	0	0	0
Pashto	50	20	25	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	4,580	2,830	1,750	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	23,025	12,965	10,060	10	0	10
Catalan	30	10	20	0	0	0
Italian	1,705	895	805	0	0	0
Portuguese	7,490	4,795	2,695	0	0	0
Romanian	745	365	380	0	0	0
Spanish	13,030	6,885	6,145	10	0	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	3,255	1,195	2,065	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Georgian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Korean	12,150	6,260	5,885	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	235	120	115	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	25	10	20	0	0	0
Bamanankan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	20	10	10	0	0	0
Igbo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	0	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	25	0	15	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	80	50	30	0	0	0
Wolof	10	0	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	0	15	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	20	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	1,920	740	1,180	0	0	0
American Sign Language	1,145	340	810	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	135	15	115	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	640	390	255	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	122,880	65,030	57,850	50	20	30
Chinese languages	122,610	64,880	57,730	50	20	30
Cantonese	58,815	30,485	28,340	20	0	20
Hakka	70	25	45	0	0	0
Mandarin	60,090	32,430	27,665	25	15	10
Min Dong	25	15	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	565	335	225	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	105	65	45	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	2,930	1,530	1,405	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	270	155	115	0	0	0
Burmese	75	35	35	0	0	0
Karenic languages	135	75	55	0	0	0
Tibetan	50	30	20	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	675	270	405	0	0	0
Lao	150	70	80	0	0	0
Thai	525	205	325	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	750	475	275	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	30	20	0	0	0	0
Turkish	685	435	255	0	0	0
Uyghur	15	15	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	15	10	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	595	270	325	0	0	0
Estonian	50	15	40	0	0	0
Finnish	105	40	65	0	0	0
Hungarian	435	225	215	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	80	45	35	0	0	0
Multiple responses	590,270	300,115	290,155	230	105	125
English and French	412,680	211,095	201,585	80	35	45
English and non-official language	154,285	77,870	76,420	145	70	75
French and non-official language	7,830	3,595	4,235	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15,475	7,565	7,915	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	19,956,250	10,342,970	9,613,290	63,250	33,480	29,775
None	17,456,725	9,056,235	8,400,490	62,335	33,155	29,180
English	1,259,225	661,460	597,765	140	50	100
French	705,780	349,035	356,745	200	70	130
Non-official language	496,565	257,455	239,105	555	200	355
Aboriginal	37,615	17,215	20,400	190	50	135
Non-Aboriginal	458,945	240,245	218,710	370	150	215
English and French	2,535	1,200	1,335	10	0	0
English and non-official language	18,040	8,765	9,280	0	0	0
French and non-official language	17,265	8,730	8,540	15	0	15
English, French and non-official language	115	90	30	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	34,091,785	16,783,745	17,308,035	105,915	53,370	52,545
Non-movers	29,644,795	14,593,190	15,051,605	90,240	45,730	44,505
Movers	4,446,990	2,190,555	2,256,435	15,675	7,645	8,035
Non-migrants	2,623,515	1,292,750	1,330,760	10,305	5,015	5,290
Migrants	1,823,475	897,805	925,670	5,370	2,625	2,740
Internal migrants	1,451,005	713,060	737,945	4,860	2,375	2,475
Intraprovincial migrants	1,189,525	580,895	608,630	3,670	1,730	1,945
Interprovincial migrants	261,475	132,160	129,315	1,185	655	535
External migrants	372,475	184,745	187,730	510	250	265
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	32,568,560	16,004,315	16,564,245	101,340	50,970	50,375
Non-movers	20,134,760	9,902,645	10,232,115	61,400	31,085	30,315
Movers	12,433,805	6,101,675	6,332,130	39,940	19,880	20,060
Non-migrants	6,755,630	3,314,730	3,440,905	24,350	12,080	12,275
Migrants	5,678,175	2,786,945	2,891,230	15,590	7,805	7,780
Internal migrants	4,296,720	2,104,325	2,192,395	13,880	6,950	6,925
Intraprovincial migrants	3,467,670	1,689,950	1,777,720	10,670	5,310	5,365
Interprovincial migrants	829,045	414,375	414,670	3,205	1,645	1,565
External migrants	1,381,460	682,625	698,835	1,715	855	860