Census Profile, 2016 Census
Canada [Country] and Richmond Centre [Federal electoral district], British Columbia

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Canada [Country]			Richmond Centre British Columbia [Federal electoral district]
	Data quality , Canada [Country]  Map : Canada [Country] Change geography 1			Data quality : Richmond Centre [Federal electoral district], British Columbia  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	35,151,728	...	...	98,396	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	33,476,688	...	...	93,863	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	5.0	...	...	4.8	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	15,412,443	...	...	39,532	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	14,072,079	...	...	37,103	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	3.9	...	...	2,276.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	8,965,588.85	...	...	43.23	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	35,151,730	17,264,200	17,887,530	98,395	46,610	51,790
0 to 14 years	5,839,565	2,992,920	2,846,645	12,975	6,630	6,340
0 to 4 years	1,898,790	973,030	925,760	4,275	2,145	2,125
5 to 9 years	2,018,130	1,034,685	983,445	4,185	2,130	2,060
10 to 14 years	1,922,645	985,200	937,445	4,515	2,360	2,155
15 to 64 years	23,376,530	11,576,130	11,800,400	67,920	31,990	35,930
15 to 19 years	2,026,160	1,039,215	986,940	5,775	3,000	2,775
20 to 24 years	2,242,690	1,144,495	1,098,200	7,000	3,580	3,420
25 to 29 years	2,285,990	1,144,470	1,141,515	7,125	3,525	3,605
30 to 34 years	2,329,395	1,148,290	1,181,110	6,170	2,995	3,175
35 to 39 years	2,288,365	1,118,635	1,169,730	5,380	2,545	2,835
40 to 44 years	2,255,135	1,104,440	1,150,695	6,000	2,545	3,450
45 to 49 years	2,359,965	1,157,760	1,202,210	7,415	3,220	4,195
50 to 54 years	2,678,075	1,318,755	1,359,320	8,130	3,705	4,425
55 to 59 years	2,620,240	1,285,190	1,335,055	7,885	3,565	4,320
60 to 64 years	2,290,510	1,114,885	1,175,630	7,040	3,305	3,730
65 years and over	5,935,630	2,695,150	3,240,485	17,505	7,990	9,520
65 to 69 years	1,972,480	953,075	1,019,405	6,140	2,900	3,240
70 to 74 years	1,420,875	677,975	742,900	3,770	1,810	1,955
75 to 79 years	1,021,850	469,550	552,300	3,055	1,390	1,665
80 to 84 years	749,650	325,765	423,880	2,295	1,050	1,245
85 years and over	770,780	268,790	501,990	2,245	830	1,415
85 to 89 years	482,525	185,535	296,990	1,385	565	820
90 to 94 years	223,510	68,675	154,835	635	210	425
95 to 99 years	56,525	13,240	43,280	185	50	135
100 years and over	8,230	1,340	6,890	40	5	30
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.3	15.9	13.2	14.2	12.2
15 to 64 years	66.5	67.1	66.0	69.0	68.6	69.4
65 years and over	16.9	15.6	18.1	17.8	17.1	18.4
85 years and over	2.2	1.6	2.8	2.3	1.8	2.7
Average age of the population	41.0	40.1	41.9	42.7	41.6	43.7
Median age of the population	41.2	40.2	42.2	44.1	42.2	45.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	14,072,080	...	...	37,100	...	...
Single-detached house	7,541,495	...	...	13,355	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,391,040	...	...	7,030	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	4,949,795	...	...	16,710	...	...
Semi-detached house	698,800	...	...	765	...	...
Row house	891,305	...	...	5,280	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	784,300	...	...	1,840	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,539,390	...	...	8,820	...	...
Other single-attached house	36,005	...	...	5	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	189,755	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	14,072,080	...	...	37,105	...	...
1 person	3,969,790	...	...	8,595	...	...
2 persons	4,834,605	...	...	11,765	...	...
3 persons	2,140,640	...	...	7,450	...	...
4 persons	1,946,275	...	...	5,820	...	...
5 or more persons	1,180,770	...	...	3,470	...	...
Number of persons in private households	34,460,060	...	...	97,425	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	29,312,160	14,271,280	15,040,885	85,420	39,975	45,445
Married or living common law	16,893,720	8,452,135	8,441,585	50,890	24,925	25,960
Married	13,383,455	6,693,465	6,689,990	47,420	23,190	24,225
Living common law	3,510,265	1,758,670	1,751,590	3,470	1,730	1,735
Not married and not living common law	12,418,440	5,819,140	6,599,300	34,535	15,055	19,485
Never married	8,254,340	4,444,425	3,809,915	24,075	12,315	11,760
Separated	718,295	309,905	408,400	1,625	580	1,040
Divorced	1,816,005	725,535	1,090,470	4,750	1,455	3,300
Widowed	1,629,800	339,280	1,290,525	4,085	700	3,385
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	9,840,730	...	...	28,885	...	...
2 persons	5,007,790	...	...	13,375	...	...
3 persons	2,107,830	...	...	8,060	...	...
4 persons	1,909,935	...	...	5,905	...	...
5 or more persons	815,170	...	...	1,545	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	9,840,730	...	...	28,890	...	...
Total couple families	8,227,925	...	...	24,000	...	...
Married couples	6,474,005	...	...	22,265	...	...
Common-law couples	1,753,920	...	...	1,735	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,612,805	...	...	4,885	...	...
Female parent	1,262,340	...	...	4,130	...	...
Male parent	350,465	...	...	760	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	8,227,925	...	...	24,005	...	...
Couples without children	4,024,305	...	...	10,150	...	...
Couples with children	4,203,615	...	...	13,850	...	...
1 child	1,650,165	...	...	6,720	...	...
2 children	1,783,080	...	...	5,655	...	...
3 or more children	770,375	...	...	1,485	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,612,805	...	...	4,885	...	...
1 child	983,485	...	...	3,220	...	...
2 children	457,670	...	...	1,350	...	...
3 or more children	171,655	...	...	315	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	6,107,260	2,941,395	3,165,865	14,770	6,040	8,730
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	14,072,075	...	...	37,105	...	...
One-census-family households	9,218,225	...	...	25,460	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	3,782,095	...	...	8,685	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	5,436,135	...	...	16,780	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	301,715	...	...	1,660	...	...
Non-census-family households	4,552,135	...	...	9,980	...	...
One-person households	3,969,790	...	...	8,595	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	582,350	...	...	1,390	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,080	97,620	46,335	51,280
English only	23,757,525	11,838,075	11,919,455	81,050	39,140	41,915
French only	4,144,685	1,925,845	2,218,840	25	15	10
English and French	6,216,065	3,071,325	3,144,740	4,485	2,085	2,400
Neither English nor French	648,970	265,920	383,045	12,060	5,100	6,960
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085	97,620	46,335	51,280
English	26,007,500	12,852,330	13,155,165	84,590	40,755	43,835
French	7,705,755	3,780,105	3,925,650	505	275	225
English and French	417,485	209,130	208,355	595	270	325
Neither English nor French	636,515	259,600	376,910	11,925	5,030	6,900
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	7,914,495	3,884,670	4,029,825	805	415	390
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	22.8	22.7	22.8	0.8	0.9	0.8
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,085	97,620	46,335	51,285
Single responses	33,948,620	16,702,840	17,245,775	93,945	44,575	49,365
Official languages	26,627,555	13,201,620	13,425,940	30,345	15,600	14,745
English	19,460,850	9,680,125	9,780,725	29,860	15,335	14,530
French	7,166,705	3,521,495	3,645,215	480	270	215
Non-official languages	7,321,065	3,501,220	3,819,840	63,600	28,970	34,625
Aboriginal languages	195,700	94,795	100,900	5	0	5
Algonquian languages	130,450	62,930	67,520	5	0	5
Blackfoot	2,815	1,325	1,490	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	88,445	42,920	45,530	0	0	5
Atikamekw	6,150	3,135	3,015	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	10,230	4,885	5,350	0	0	0
Moose Cree	100	50	55	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,205	590	620	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	315	125	190	0	0	0
Plains Cree	3,065	1,360	1,710	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	45	20	25	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	1,440	585	850	0	0	0
Woods Cree	1,840	865	975	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	64,050	31,305	32,745	0	0	5
Eastern Algonquian languages	6,990	3,310	3,680	0	0	0
Malecite	305	140	160	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	6,690	3,170	3,520	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	32,150	15,350	16,800	0	0	0
Algonquin	1,260	590	670	0	0	0
Ojibway	17,890	8,440	9,450	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	12,855	6,260	6,595	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	150	65	85	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	45	25	20	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	17,365	8,325	9,045	0	0	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	17,315	8,310	9,010	0	0	5
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	110	55	60	0	0	0
Beaver	190	85	105	0	0	0
Carrier	1,025	465	565	0	0	0
Chilcotin	660	295	360	0	0	0
Dene	10,700	5,185	5,515	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	1,645	840	815	0	0	0
Gwich'in	260	110	145	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	80	25	50	0	0	0
Sekani	90	45	45	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	1,995	950	1,045	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	765	365	400	0	0	0
South Slavey	945	455	495	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	280	130	150	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	270	135	140	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	180	90	90	0	0	0
Tahltan	95	40	50	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	290	120	170	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	215	90	135	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	70	30	40	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	50	20	35	0	0	0
Haida	75	35	40	0	0	0
Inuit languages	36,545	18,100	18,445	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,025	445	575	0	0	0
Inuktitut	35,215	17,530	17,680	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	315	125	185	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	1,115	485	635	0	0	0
Cayuga	45	20	20	0	0	0
Mohawk	980	430	555	0	0	0
Oneida	55	20	40	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	35	15	20	0	0	0
Kutenai	105	55	55	0	0	0
Michif	465	230	235	0	0	0
Salish languages	2,305	1,130	1,180	0	0	0
Comox	80	45	40	0	0	0
Halkomelem	475	225	245	0	0	0
Lillooet	315	155	155	0	0	0
Okanagan	270	135	135	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	445	225	220	0	0	0
Squamish	40	20	20	0	0	0
Straits	80	40	40	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	335	150	185	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	255	135	125	0	0	0
Siouan languages	4,285	2,070	2,220	5	0	0
Dakota	1,215	570	635	0	0	0
Stoney	3,025	1,465	1,555	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	55	30	25	0	0	0
Tlingit	95	40	55	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	1,480	730	755	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	880	435	445	0	0	0
Nisga'a	400	200	200	0	0	0
Tsimshian	200	90	110	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	805	370	435	0	0	0
Haisla	90	40	50	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	95	40	55	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	325	145	185	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	285	135	140	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	585	295	295	0	0	5
Non-Aboriginal languages	7,125,365	3,406,425	3,718,945	63,590	28,970	34,615
Afro-Asiatic languages	575,365	298,060	277,300	755	415	345
Berber languages	22,135	11,865	10,270	0	0	0
Kabyle	13,150	6,995	6,155	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	8,985	4,865	4,115	5	5	5
Cushitic languages	42,885	20,095	22,790	45	25	20
Bilen	805	455	350	0	0	0
Oromo	4,960	2,560	2,400	0	0	0
Somali	36,755	16,895	19,865	45	25	20
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	365	195	170	0	0	0
Semitic languages	509,190	265,465	243,725	700	385	315
Amharic	22,465	10,720	11,745	15	10	5
Arabic	419,890	220,785	199,105	535	295	240
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	16,070	7,910	8,160	15	10	10
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5,545	2,780	2,770	0	0	0
Harari	1,320	635	685	0	0	0
Hebrew	19,530	10,480	9,045	115	65	55
Maltese	5,565	2,765	2,800	5	0	0
Tigrigna	16,650	8,310	8,340	10	5	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	2,155	1,085	1,070	5	5	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	1,155	635	520	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	176,725	81,810	94,920	275	120	160
Khmer (Cambodian)	20,130	9,270	10,860	20	10	5
Vietnamese	156,425	72,470	83,955	260	110	150
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	170	65	100	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	511,480	211,580	299,900	4,045	1,705	2,345
Bikol	1,790	790	1,000	30	10	15
Cebuano	19,890	7,930	11,960	120	50	70
Fijian	745	400	345	10	5	10
Hiligaynon	6,885	2,680	4,205	45	20	25
Ilocano	26,345	10,620	15,720	165	75	90
Malagasy	1,430	665	760	0	0	0
Malay	12,275	5,255	7,020	205	90	115
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	4,040	1,865	2,175	85	40	45
Pangasinan	1,390	590	800	10	5	5
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	431,380	178,575	252,810	3,355	1,410	1,945
Waray-Waray	1,110	430	675	5	0	5
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	4,195	1,770	2,425	30	10	20
Creole languages	72,125	32,310	39,820	15	5	5
Haitian Creole	3,030	1,445	1,590	0	0	5
Creole, n.o.s.	64,105	28,455	35,660	10	5	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	4,985	2,410	2,575	5	5	0
Dravidian languages	189,405	94,765	94,640	175	90	85
Kannada	3,970	2,040	1,935	5	5	5
Malayalam	28,570	14,770	13,800	50	25	25
Tamil	140,720	69,080	71,640	100	50	50
Telugu	15,655	8,640	7,020	15	10	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	490	240	250	0	0	5
Hmong-Mien languages	795	395	405	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,877,330	1,889,400	1,987,930	6,750	3,235	3,510
Albanian	26,890	13,610	13,285	20	15	10
Armenian	33,455	16,270	17,185	35	20	15
Balto-Slavic languages	701,975	323,640	378,340	1,865	875	990
Baltic languages	12,530	5,315	7,215	20	10	5
Latvian	5,455	2,350	3,105	5	5	5
Lithuanian	7,075	2,965	4,115	10	10	5
Slavic languages	689,450	318,325	371,115	1,845	870	985
Belarusan	810	385	430	0	0	0
Bosnian	12,210	6,035	6,180	15	15	10
Bulgarian	20,025	9,675	10,345	20	5	10
Croatian	48,200	23,540	24,665	120	60	60
Czech	22,290	10,525	11,765	85	45	40
Macedonian	16,775	8,050	8,725	5	5	5
Polish	181,710	82,435	99,275	150	70	80
Russian	188,255	85,400	102,855	1,075	490	580
Serbian	57,350	28,535	28,815	100	55	40
Serbo-Croatian	9,555	4,565	4,985	25	15	10
Slovak	17,580	8,075	9,510	30	15	15
Slovene (Slovenian)	9,790	4,415	5,370	10	5	5
Ukrainian	102,485	45,440	57,040	195	75	115
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	2,415	1,255	1,165	5	0	5
Celtic languages	2,690	1,335	1,360	5	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	1,090	540	550	0	0	0
Welsh	1,075	495	575	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	530	295	235	0	0	0
Germanic languages	538,765	258,410	280,350	870	440	425
Afrikaans	10,265	5,115	5,145	25	10	15
Danish	12,630	6,245	6,390	55	35	25
Dutch	99,020	48,200	50,820	165	85	80
Frisian	2,100	1,095	1,005	5	0	0
German	384,035	183,215	200,820	555	270	280
Icelandic	1,285	600	685	0	0	0
Norwegian	4,615	2,170	2,445	15	10	10
Swedish	6,840	3,015	3,825	25	10	15
Vlaams (Flemish)	3,895	1,730	2,165	0	0	5
Yiddish	13,555	6,750	6,800	25	15	5
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	525	280	240	0	0	0
Greek	106,525	53,350	53,170	150	75	75
Indo-Iranian languages	1,312,750	664,120	648,630	2,535	1,205	1,330
Indo-Aryan languages	1,064,760	538,530	526,235	2,055	970	1,085
Bengali	73,125	37,410	35,720	45	25	20
Gujarati	108,780	55,105	53,670	220	100	125
Hindi	110,640	55,880	54,765	345	150	195
Kashmiri	565	300	265	0	0	0
Konkani	3,330	1,625	1,710	5	5	5
Marathi	8,295	4,300	3,995	5	5	0
Nepali	18,275	9,230	9,045	5	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	1,055	560	495	5	5	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	501,680	253,515	248,160	1,020	490	525
Sindhi	11,860	5,605	6,260	85	35	50
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	16,335	8,050	8,285	35	20	15
Urdu	210,815	106,960	103,860	290	135	155
Iranian languages	242,805	122,835	119,970	470	230	235
Kurdish	11,705	6,345	5,355	20	10	5
Pashto	16,910	8,760	8,145	10	5	5
Persian (Farsi)	214,200	107,725	106,470	440	215	225
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5,180	2,755	2,425	15	10	5
Italic (Romance) languages	1,154,270	558,660	595,615	1,275	595	670
Catalan	865	440	425	5	5	5
Italian	375,635	184,415	191,220	135	75	60
Portuguese	221,540	106,630	114,910	190	100	90
Romanian	96,665	46,195	50,470	120	60	65
Spanish	458,850	220,605	238,245	820	365	455
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	720	380	340	0	0	0
Japanese	43,640	14,790	28,855	1,090	410	675
Kartvelian languages	1,715	910	805	0	0	5
Georgian	1,715	910	805	0	0	0
Korean	153,425	70,310	83,115	595	255	340
Mongolic languages	1,575	690	885	20	10	10
Mongolian	1,575	690	880	20	10	10
Niger-Congo languages	91,375	45,075	46,305	40	20	20
Akan (Twi)	13,455	6,490	6,970	5	0	5
Bamanankan	1,535	815	720	0	0	0
Edo	1,670	770	900	0	0	0
Ewe	1,760	950	805	5	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	2,825	1,495	1,335	0	0	0
Ga	920	445	470	0	0	0
Ganda	1,295	625	665	0	0	0
Igbo	4,235	2,265	1,970	0	0	0
Lingala	3,810	1,785	2,025	5	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5,845	2,785	3,060	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5,250	2,355	2,895	0	0	0
Shona	3,180	1,520	1,665	0	0	5
Swahili	13,370	6,385	6,990	10	5	10
Wolof	3,990	2,170	1,820	0	0	0
Yoruba	9,085	4,785	4,300	5	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	19,135	9,435	9,695	10	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	5,870	3,025	2,845	0	0	0
Dinka	2,120	1,115	1,000	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	3,755	1,910	1,840	0	0	0
Sign languages	7,500	3,925	3,575	15	10	5
American Sign Language	2,685	1,320	1,360	5	5	0
Quebec Sign Language	695	340	355	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	4,120	2,265	1,860	10	10	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,269,215	589,570	679,645	49,400	22,510	26,890
Chinese languages	1,253,360	581,650	671,715	49,315	22,470	26,835
Cantonese	565,270	262,865	302,405	22,870	10,535	12,335
Hakka	10,910	4,900	6,015	210	95	115
Mandarin	592,040	274,630	317,410	23,145	10,480	12,665
Min Dong	1,230	580	650	10	5	5
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	31,795	14,450	17,350	1,435	660	775
Wu (Shanghainese)	12,915	5,780	7,140	710	295	415
Chinese, n.o.s.	38,580	18,165	20,410	900	390	515
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	610	275	335	20	5	20
Tibeto-Burman languages	15,850	7,925	7,935	85	40	50
Burmese	3,585	1,795	1,790	75	25	45
Karenic languages	4,705	2,355	2,350	0	0	0
Tibetan	6,165	3,080	3,080	5	5	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	1,400	695	705	5	5	0
Tai-Kadai languages	22,010	8,870	13,145	95	25	70
Lao	12,670	6,145	6,525	10	5	5
Thai	9,255	2,690	6,565	85	20	65
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	80	35	55	5	0	5
Turkic languages	40,140	21,120	19,025	205	115	90
Azerbaijani	3,260	1,785	1,470	15	15	10
Turkish	32,815	17,375	15,440	185	105	85
Uyghur	1,035	510	525	0	0	0
Uzbek	1,715	855	865	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	1,315	590	720	5	5	0
Uralic languages	81,985	37,790	44,195	100	45	55
Estonian	5,445	2,325	3,115	10	5	5
Finnish	15,295	6,395	8,900	25	10	10
Hungarian	61,235	29,060	32,175	75	30	40
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	3,690	2,045	1,645	5	0	5
Multiple responses	818,635	398,325	420,305	3,675	1,760	1,915
English and French	165,320	80,460	84,860	120	70	60
English and non-official language	533,265	259,160	274,100	3,465	1,650	1,820
French and non-official language	86,150	42,170	43,985	30	10	15
English, French and non-official language	33,900	16,535	17,365	55	35	20
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085	97,620	46,335	51,285
Single responses	33,103,860	16,298,475	16,805,395	87,945	41,815	46,125
Official languages	29,106,670	14,383,020	14,723,645	42,030	20,890	21,140
English	22,162,865	10,966,135	11,196,730	41,870	20,805	21,060
French	6,943,800	3,416,890	3,526,910	165	90	80
Non-official languages	3,997,195	1,915,450	2,081,750	45,915	20,925	24,985
Aboriginal languages	118,470	59,720	58,750	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	75,080	37,825	37,260	0	0	0
Blackfoot	1,115	555	555	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	55,825	28,135	27,685	5	0	0
Atikamekw	5,465	2,825	2,640	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	8,590	4,195	4,395	0	0	0
Moose Cree	10	5	5	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,200	595	605	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	110	55	60	0	0	0
Plains Cree	1,350	665	685	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	20	5	15	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	330	140	190	0	0	0
Woods Cree	800	410	390	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	37,945	19,240	18,710	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	3,615	1,795	1,820	0	0	0
Malecite	55	30	30	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	3,560	1,770	1,795	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	14,525	7,335	7,190	0	0	0
Algonquin	370	170	200	0	0	0
Ojibway	6,175	3,165	3,015	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	7,900	3,960	3,940	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	75	40	35	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10,265	5,125	5,135	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10,255	5,120	5,135	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Beaver	50	30	20	0	0	0
Carrier	245	115	130	0	0	0
Chilcotin	255	125	130	0	0	0
Dene	7,710	3,805	3,905	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	1,020	550	475	0	0	0
Gwich'in	45	25	25	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sekani	15	10	5	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	820	425	395	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	340	180	155	0	0	0
South Slavey	370	190	185	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	105	55	55	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	25	10	10	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	5	5	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	25	15	10	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	10	0	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Haida	10	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	29,490	14,995	14,495	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	165	75	90	0	0	0
Inuktitut	29,230	14,885	14,345	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	90	40	55	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	285	135	155	0	0	0
Cayuga	10	0	5	0	0	0
Mohawk	255	115	140	0	0	0
Oneida	15	5	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kutenai	15	10	5	0	0	0
Michif	85	40	45	0	0	0
Salish languages	285	130	150	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	45	20	25	0	0	0
Lillooet	25	15	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	85	35	45	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	55	30	20	0	0	0
Squamish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Straits	20	10	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages	2,225	1,085	1,140	0	0	0
Dakota	255	140	120	0	0	0
Stoney	1,950	940	1,010	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Tlingit	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	410	210	190	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	315	155	155	0	0	0
Nisga'a	70	40	30	0	0	0
Tsimshian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	75	45	35	0	0	0
Haisla	20	10	15	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	235	110	125	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,878,725	1,855,730	2,022,995	45,910	20,925	24,985
Afro-Asiatic languages	307,755	153,275	154,480	395	200	190
Berber languages	8,105	4,215	3,895	0	0	0
Kabyle	5,490	2,855	2,640	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	2,620	1,365	1,260	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	27,095	12,455	14,640	20	5	15
Bilen	620	330	285	0	0	0
Oromo	3,410	1,700	1,710	0	0	0
Somali	22,895	10,340	12,555	20	10	15
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	185	85	95	0	0	0
Semitic languages	272,100	136,390	135,720	370	190	180
Amharic	12,780	6,010	6,770	10	0	5
Arabic	223,540	112,690	110,850	295	160	140
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10,510	5,090	5,425	10	5	5
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	3,445	1,695	1,750	0	0	0
Harari	735	335	400	0	0	0
Hebrew	8,560	4,425	4,135	45	20	25
Maltese	1,130	525	605	5	5	0
Tigrigna	10,205	5,040	5,170	5	0	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	1,200	585	620	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	440	215	230	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	115,210	53,500	61,710	115	65	50
Khmer (Cambodian)	10,880	4,940	5,945	10	5	5
Vietnamese	104,245	48,525	55,725	105	55	45
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	85	40	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	239,785	108,110	131,680	1,755	795	965
Bikol	290	140	155	5	0	0
Cebuano	7,210	3,325	3,880	30	15	20
Fijian	195	105	90	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	2,205	970	1,240	15	5	5
Ilocano	9,125	4,045	5,080	25	10	10
Malagasy	435	220	210	0	0	0
Malay	3,620	1,710	1,910	70	35	40
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,200	565	630	25	10	15
Pangasinan	240	110	135	5	0	5
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	213,790	96,235	117,555	1,580	715	865
Waray-Waray	310	135	170	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,160	545	620	5	5	0
Creole languages	27,860	12,005	15,850	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	1,280	575	705	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	24,575	10,510	14,060	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	2,005	920	1,085	5	0	5
Dravidian languages	122,490	59,780	62,710	95	50	45
Kannada	1,630	825	800	0	0	5
Malayalam	15,440	7,865	7,575	20	5	10
Tamil	96,955	46,570	50,385	65	35	30
Telugu	8,280	4,430	3,850	5	5	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	190	85	105	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	340	160	180	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,911,215	927,225	983,985	3,055	1,405	1,650
Albanian	13,135	6,575	6,560	20	10	5
Armenian	21,505	10,165	11,345	15	10	5
Balto-Slavic languages	314,965	149,315	165,650	1,035	480	550
Baltic languages	3,275	1,400	1,870	10	0	5
Latvian	1,255	530	725	5	5	0
Lithuanian	2,020	870	1,150	5	0	0
Slavic languages	311,690	147,910	163,780	1,025	480	545
Belarusan	230	105	120	0	0	0
Bosnian	6,045	3,010	3,040	10	5	0
Bulgarian	11,985	5,835	6,150	10	5	5
Croatian	16,775	7,980	8,795	20	10	15
Czech	6,235	3,060	3,180	30	10	15
Macedonian	6,830	3,250	3,580	5	5	5
Polish	74,780	34,910	39,870	40	15	20
Russian	116,595	55,175	61,425	745	345	400
Serbian	31,750	15,665	16,085	65	35	30
Serbo-Croatian	3,885	1,865	2,020	5	5	0
Slovak	5,615	2,685	2,920	15	10	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	2,050	905	1,145	0	0	0
Ukrainian	28,250	13,150	15,100	75	35	40
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	670	310	360	0	0	0
Celtic languages	360	205	155	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	185	105	80	0	0	0
Welsh	95	50	45	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	80	50	30	0	0	0
Germanic languages	146,455	71,835	74,615	100	45	55
Afrikaans	4,790	2,355	2,435	10	5	5
Danish	855	410	445	5	5	5
Dutch	9,565	4,630	4,935	10	10	0
Frisian	185	95	90	0	0	0
German	120,335	58,905	61,435	65	30	40
Icelandic	270	120	150	0	0	0
Norwegian	345	145	200	0	0	0
Swedish	1,045	500	545	5	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	355	170	185	0	0	0
Yiddish	7,080	3,695	3,385	5	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	1,625	820	810	0	0	0
Greek	44,545	21,110	23,440	60	25	30
Indo-Iranian languages	838,755	416,960	421,795	1,195	550	650
Indo-Aryan languages	676,185	337,440	338,745	920	415	505
Bengali	47,350	23,585	23,765	25	15	10
Gujarati	64,150	31,740	32,405	100	45	60
Hindi	55,510	27,805	27,710	115	50	65
Kashmiri	135	70	70	0	0	0
Konkani	720	355	370	0	0	0
Marathi	3,780	1,940	1,840	0	0	0
Nepali	13,375	6,710	6,670	5	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	470	235	240	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	349,145	174,905	174,240	475	210	265
Sindhi	4,975	2,280	2,695	35	10	25
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	7,790	3,860	3,925	0	0	0
Urdu	128,785	63,965	64,820	160	75	80
Iranian languages	160,195	78,310	81,880	270	130	140
Kurdish	6,580	3,400	3,175	5	0	5
Pashto	10,590	5,305	5,290	5	5	5
Persian (Farsi)	143,020	69,600	73,425	255	120	135
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	2,375	1,215	1,160	10	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	531,485	251,050	280,440	640	290	350
Catalan	355	165	190	0	0	0
Italian	115,415	49,975	65,440	20	10	10
Portuguese	98,710	46,915	51,795	105	50	55
Romanian	53,320	25,795	27,525	55	30	25
Spanish	263,510	128,110	135,400	460	200	265
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	180	85	95	0	0	0
Japanese	19,785	8,265	11,515	575	245	330
Kartvelian languages	1,040	565	475	0	0	0
Georgian	1,035	565	475	0	0	0
Korean	109,705	51,385	58,320	350	150	195
Mongolic languages	910	440	470	20	10	10
Mongolian	910	435	470	20	10	10
Niger-Congo languages	28,665	13,340	15,320	15	5	5
Akan (Twi)	5,990	2,695	3,295	0	0	0
Bamanankan	340	180	160	0	0	0
Edo	415	175	240	0	0	0
Ewe	410	185	225	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	825	400	425	0	0	0
Ga	250	105	140	0	0	0
Ganda	345	160	185	0	0	0
Igbo	1,000	485	510	0	0	0
Lingala	1,045	455	590	5	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	2,110	990	1,115	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	1,530	670	865	0	0	0
Shona	1,035	475	560	0	0	0
Swahili	5,370	2,500	2,870	0	0	0
Wolof	1,380	745	635	0	0	0
Yoruba	2,615	1,275	1,340	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	4,010	1,850	2,160	10	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	2,650	1,305	1,350	0	0	0
Dinka	1,130	580	550	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	1,525	730	800	0	0	0
Sign languages	10,445	5,870	4,570	25	15	15
American Sign Language	3,015	1,560	1,460	5	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	730	375	355	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	6,690	3,935	2,755	15	5	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	924,720	433,530	491,190	39,380	17,920	21,460
Chinese languages	913,365	427,860	485,505	39,335	17,900	21,440
Cantonese	400,215	184,340	215,885	18,360	8,280	10,080
Hakka	4,080	1,820	2,265	70	30	40
Mandarin	462,890	220,075	242,815	19,200	8,855	10,345
Min Dong	345	150	195	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	13,965	6,345	7,625	690	315	370
Wu (Shanghainese)	7,650	3,580	4,075	385	165	220
Chinese, n.o.s.	23,935	11,440	12,500	620	245	370
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	280	130	150	15	5	10
Tibeto-Burman languages	11,350	5,670	5,680	45	20	25
Burmese	2,245	1,115	1,125	40	15	25
Karenic languages	3,865	1,935	1,930	0	0	0
Tibetan	4,590	2,305	2,280	5	5	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	655	305	345	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	9,565	4,455	5,110	35	15	20
Lao	6,175	2,995	3,180	0	0	0
Thai	3,360	1,450	1,915	35	15	20
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	30	15	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages	22,250	11,205	11,045	95	50	40
Azerbaijani	1,245	640	610	5	0	5
Turkish	18,955	9,525	9,430	90	50	40
Uyghur	610	315	290	0	0	0
Uzbek	990	505	490	5	0	5
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	455	230	225	0	0	0
Uralic languages	23,245	10,715	12,535	10	5	5
Estonian	975	365	610	0	0	0
Finnish	2,790	1,220	1,565	0	0	0
Hungarian	19,485	9,125	10,355	10	5	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	1,110	605	500	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,663,390	802,695	860,690	9,670	4,520	5,155
English and French	160,185	77,940	82,235	60	35	25
English and non-official language	1,284,975	620,375	664,600	9,520	4,435	5,085
French and non-official language	148,915	70,915	78,000	15	5	10
English, French and non-official language	69,315	33,465	35,850	75	35	40
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	34,767,255	17,101,165	17,666,080	97,615	46,335	51,285
None	29,615,245	14,612,175	15,003,065	68,780	32,845	35,930
English	2,109,340	1,045,215	1,064,120	15,075	7,110	7,960
French	731,095	342,245	388,855	395	175	220
Non-official language	2,151,690	1,023,940	1,127,750	12,795	5,940	6,855
Aboriginal	90,740	42,890	47,850	20	5	5
Non-Aboriginal	2,060,945	981,055	1,079,895	12,775	5,930	6,845
English and French	47,970	23,785	24,190	40	25	20
English and non-official language	61,075	30,045	31,030	420	180	240
French and non-official language	48,755	22,690	26,065	105	60	50
English, French and non-official language	2,080	1,075	1,010	5	5	5
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,355	84,470	39,635	44,830
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,190	80,475	37,705	42,770
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,204	40,782	28,860	24,467	28,495	21,742
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175	80,610	37,840	42,775
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,866	35,933	26,621	22,949	25,776	21,018
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	24,583,315	12,296,595	12,286,725	71,285	33,820	37,460
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,762	39,925	26,613	24,852	29,881	20,984
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	19,743,240	8,755,815	10,987,430	58,985	24,885	34,100
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,453	4,199	6,136	1,444	720	2,145
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	20,428,685	10,547,760	9,880,925	54,340	26,915	27,430
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,684	39,836	28,474	28,272	32,082	24,768
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	84,450	39,660	44,785
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,489,395	13,441,555	14,047,845	80,520	37,660	42,865
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,487	56,740	38,632	37,803	44,261	32,130
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,500,230	13,446,230	14,053,995	80,660	37,790	42,870
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,977	45,404	32,828	31,687	35,912	27,962
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	24,584,065	12,295,015	12,289,055	71,340	33,725	37,610
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,885	56,803	36,962	38,225	45,709	31,515
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	19,742,130	8,752,070	10,990,060	59,105	24,995	34,110
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,738	7,345	8,050	5,363	5,005	5,626
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	20,428,670	10,542,540	9,886,130	54,300	26,935	27,365
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,057	54,369	37,193	40,247	47,174	33,428
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	84,450	39,660	44,790
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	9,367,045	5,231,015	4,136,035	21,225	11,810	9,415
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	53,431	59,326	47,420	51,367	55,862	47,126
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	65,997	74,289	55,510	63,872	71,306	54,552
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	88.3	91.6	83.7	89.5	92.3	86.1
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	72.0	75.2	67.7	71.5	75.5	66.7
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	11.7	8.4	16.3	10.5	7.7	13.9
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360	84,470	39,635	44,830
Without total income	1,154,450	546,285	608,165	3,995	1,935	2,065
With total income	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,195	80,475	37,705	42,770
Percentage with total income	96.0	96.1	95.8	95.3	95.1	95.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,877,620	1,668,960	2,208,655	18,890	8,155	10,735
$10,000 to $19,999	4,680,380	1,867,600	2,812,785	16,240	6,820	9,415
$20,000 to $29,999	3,807,840	1,593,335	2,214,505	10,160	4,450	5,710
$30,000 to $39,999	3,206,175	1,472,670	1,733,510	8,185	3,645	4,535
$40,000 to $49,999	2,827,045	1,376,565	1,450,480	6,605	3,110	3,490
$50,000 to $59,999	2,179,775	1,145,685	1,034,090	5,095	2,485	2,610
$60,000 to $69,999	1,655,070	938,755	716,310	3,975	2,140	1,830
$70,000 to $79,999	1,271,850	745,830	526,015	2,840	1,570	1,275
$80,000 to $89,999	966,885	579,290	387,590	2,185	1,200	985
$90,000 to $99,999	749,290	452,240	297,050	1,525	880	645
$100,000 and over	2,266,600	1,603,400	663,195	4,780	3,245	1,540
$100,000 to $149,999	1,493,570	1,024,210	469,365	3,160	2,065	1,095
$150,000 and over	773,025	579,190	193,830	1,620	1,175	440
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360	84,470	39,640	44,830
Without after-tax income	1,143,795	541,620	602,175	3,855	1,800	2,060
With after-tax income	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175	80,610	37,840	42,775
Percentage with after-tax income	96.0	96.1	95.9	95.4	95.5	95.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,004,475	1,706,825	2,297,645	19,505	8,570	10,930
$10,000 to $19,999	4,905,055	1,972,920	2,932,130	16,880	7,185	9,695
$20,000 to $29,999	4,489,925	1,926,175	2,563,755	11,760	5,175	6,585
$30,000 to $39,999	3,924,960	1,870,705	2,054,250	9,210	4,195	5,010
$40,000 to $49,999	3,144,200	1,619,670	1,524,525	7,105	3,380	3,725
$50,000 to $59,999	2,209,280	1,245,570	963,705	5,325	2,815	2,510
$60,000 to $69,999	1,540,300	912,230	628,065	3,455	1,890	1,565
$70,000 to $79,999	1,076,180	654,570	421,610	2,345	1,305	1,040
$80,000 and over	2,204,820	1,540,335	664,485	5,030	3,320	1,710
$80,000 to $89,999	688,705	444,550	244,145	1,555	935	620
$90,000 to $99,999	420,975	291,090	129,885	965	615	355
$100,000 and over	1,095,140	804,690	290,445	2,505	1,770	740
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	28,642,980	13,990,625	14,652,360	84,470	39,640	44,830
Without employment income	8,214,295	3,442,860	4,771,430	30,130	12,725	17,400
With employment income	20,428,690	10,547,760	9,880,925	54,340	26,910	27,425
Percentage with employment income	71.3	75.4	67.4	64.3	67.9	61.2
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,778,990	1,357,430	1,421,560	8,545	3,775	4,765
$5,000 to $9,999	1,602,140	697,025	905,120	4,790	2,105	2,685
$10,000 to $19,999	2,736,010	1,212,855	1,523,155	8,250	3,770	4,480
$20,000 to $29,999	2,293,785	1,022,090	1,271,695	6,590	3,145	3,445
$30,000 to $39,999	2,149,860	1,001,065	1,148,795	5,710	2,640	3,070
$40,000 to $49,999	1,928,565	946,625	981,940	5,030	2,370	2,660
$50,000 to $59,999	1,554,100	839,045	715,055	3,795	1,875	1,920
$60,000 to $69,999	1,220,310	708,270	512,040	2,925	1,680	1,245
$70,000 to $79,999	992,170	591,945	400,225	2,210	1,255	950
$80,000 and over	3,172,770	2,171,415	1,001,355	6,490	4,295	2,205
$80,000 to $89,999	773,755	475,700	298,055	1,705	975	730
$90,000 to $99,999	623,980	382,330	241,650	1,220	740	485
$100,000 and over	1,775,030	1,313,385	461,645	3,565	2,580	985
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	14,072,080	...	...	37,105	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	70,336	...	...	61,154	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	61,348	...	...	54,364	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	3,969,790	...	...	8,595	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,174	...	...	31,587	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,446	...	...	28,722	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	10,102,290	...	...	28,510	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	88,249	...	...	73,768	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	76,419	...	...	65,986	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	14,072,075	...	...	37,125	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	92,764	...	...	81,993	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	76,171	...	...	68,848	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	3,967,765	...	...	8,600	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	46,799	...	...	41,137	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,685	...	...	35,119	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	10,104,315	...	...	28,525	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	110,813	...	...	94,311	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	90,890	...	...	79,016	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	14,072,075	...	...	37,100	...	...
Under $5,000	228,790	...	...	1,850	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	200,315	...	...	865	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	374,575	...	...	1,180	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	565,940	...	...	1,770	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	602,800	...	...	1,560	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	538,710	...	...	1,895	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	603,480	...	...	1,710	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	606,600	...	...	1,660	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	596,110	...	...	1,520	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	578,325	...	...	1,485	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,097,345	...	...	2,745	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,010,415	...	...	2,540	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	924,320	...	...	2,240	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	836,765	...	...	1,925	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	745,655	...	...	1,790	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,561,920	...	...	10,370	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,470,255	...	...	3,395	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,016,245	...	...	2,305	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,116,140	...	...	2,435	...	...
$200,000 and over	959,285	...	...	2,230	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	14,072,075	...	...	37,105	...	...
Under $5,000	243,780	...	...	1,960	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	203,865	...	...	865	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	380,680	...	...	1,205	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	591,660	...	...	1,815	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	673,740	...	...	1,755	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	628,225	...	...	2,150	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	719,825	...	...	2,045	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	725,675	...	...	1,850	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	711,180	...	...	1,765	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	691,695	...	...	1,650	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,299,680	...	...	3,160	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,169,515	...	...	2,740	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,041,635	...	...	2,370	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	900,055	...	...	2,065	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	757,295	...	...	1,790	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,333,575	...	...	7,915	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,371,945	...	...	3,165	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	809,540	...	...	1,860	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,152,090	...	...	2,890	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	9,688,845	...	...	27,760	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	88,306	...	...	73,336	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,372	...	...	65,495	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	3,706,220	...	...	8,410	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,976	...	...	67,285	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,309	...	...	59,790	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	4,222,140	...	...	13,825	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	113,465	...	...	89,806	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,608	...	...	79,621	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,481,410	...	...	4,390	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,193	...	...	45,904	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,856	...	...	42,411	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	9,689,855	...	...	27,775	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	111,235	...	...	94,097	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	91,040	...	...	78,753	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	3,706,400	...	...	8,410	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	101,086	...	...	84,154	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,296	...	...	70,354	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	4,225,855	...	...	13,765	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	137,094	...	...	112,482	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	111,307	...	...	93,206	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,477,190	...	...	4,405	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	65,549	...	...	59,103	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,687	...	...	51,916	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	5,313,545	2,608,845	2,704,705	11,740	5,095	6,650
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	31,890	34,483	29,801	26,419	27,570	25,689
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	28,959	30,746	27,495	24,759	25,522	24,324
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	5,299,050	2,596,985	2,702,070	11,655	4,995	6,660
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	42,939	46,085	39,915	36,942	40,139	34,543
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	35,801	37,724	33,952	31,633	33,668	30,106
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	34,460,065	16,971,550	17,488,515	97,425	46,260	51,165
In the bottom half of the distribution	17,229,835	8,256,970	8,972,865	56,355	26,180	30,175
In the bottom decile	3,445,950	1,672,900	1,773,050	18,200	8,355	9,845
In the second decile	3,445,660	1,564,965	1,880,700	12,090	5,530	6,560
In the third decile	3,446,165	1,641,930	1,804,235	9,510	4,455	5,055
In the fourth decile	3,445,850	1,677,120	1,768,730	8,330	3,935	4,395
In the fifth decile	3,446,210	1,700,060	1,746,150	8,220	3,905	4,320
In the top half of the distribution	17,230,230	8,714,580	8,515,650	41,070	20,085	20,985
In the sixth decile	3,445,695	1,716,510	1,729,185	8,240	3,870	4,375
In the seventh decile	3,446,470	1,730,975	1,715,500	8,095	3,960	4,135
In the eighth decile	3,445,940	1,741,640	1,704,300	8,120	4,010	4,105
In the ninth decile	3,446,045	1,751,850	1,694,195	8,210	4,045	4,170
In the top decile	3,446,080	1,773,600	1,672,475	8,410	4,200	4,210
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	33,968,295	16,724,265	17,244,035	97,425	46,265	51,165
0 to 17 years	6,836,380	3,504,250	3,332,125	16,285	8,310	7,975
0 to 5 years	2,228,770	1,142,505	1,086,270	5,025	2,530	2,500
18 to 64 years	21,695,090	10,690,090	11,005,005	64,425	30,220	34,205
65 years and over	5,436,830	2,529,930	2,906,905	16,715	7,730	8,985
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	4,809,940	2,243,200	2,566,740	24,870	11,410	13,465
0 to 17 years	1,163,830	597,570	566,255	4,895	2,485	2,415
0 to 5 years	396,095	203,055	193,030	1,505	755	750
18 to 64 years	2,855,290	1,341,590	1,513,700	15,960	7,170	8,795
65 years and over	790,825	304,040	486,780	4,010	1,755	2,255
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.2	13.4	14.9	25.5	24.7	26.3
0 to 17 years (%)	17.0	17.1	17.0	30.1	29.9	30.3
0 to 5 years (%)	17.8	17.8	17.8	30.0	29.8	30.0
18 to 64 years (%)	13.2	12.5	13.8	24.8	23.7	25.7
65 years and over (%)	14.5	12.0	16.7	24.0	22.7	25.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	3,128,995	1,519,370	1,609,630	20,055	9,175	10,880
0 to 17 years	696,025	357,255	338,770	4,045	2,055	1,995
0 to 5 years	236,435	121,170	115,260	1,235	630	610
18 to 64 years	2,157,745	1,057,585	1,100,160	13,595	6,140	7,460
65 years and over	275,225	104,525	170,695	2,410	980	1,430
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	9.2	9.1	9.3	20.6	19.8	21.3
0 to 17 years (%)	10.2	10.2	10.2	24.8	24.7	25.0
0 to 5 years (%)	10.6	10.6	10.6	24.6	24.9	24.4
18 to 64 years (%)	9.9	9.9	10.0	21.1	20.3	21.8
65 years and over (%)	5.1	4.1	5.9	14.4	12.7	15.9
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	97,400	46,315	51,080
Official languages	33,818,210	16,709,290	17,108,920	85,440	41,190	44,250
English	29,748,265	14,806,270	14,941,995	85,405	41,175	44,225
French	10,242,945	4,952,455	5,290,495	4,525	2,125	2,400
Non-official languages	9,369,280	4,488,185	4,881,090	72,755	33,715	39,040
Aboriginal languages	263,845	127,550	136,295	25	0	15
Algonquian languages	177,570	85,505	92,065	10	0	10
Blackfoot	5,645	2,695	2,950	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	116,585	56,515	60,070	0	0	0
Atikamekw	6,640	3,335	3,305	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	11,440	5,500	5,945	0	0	0
Moose Cree	195	80	115	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,465	710	755	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	545	225	320	0	0	0
Plains Cree	5,905	2,705	3,200	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	40	30	10	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	2,345	995	1,350	0	0	0
Woods Cree	2,665	1,230	1,435	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	86,115	42,080	44,035	0	0	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	9,765	4,710	5,050	0	0	0
Malecite	755	370	390	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	9,025	4,350	4,670	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	46,685	22,100	24,585	10	0	0
Algonquin	2,480	1,165	1,315	0	0	0
Ojibway	28,585	13,365	15,220	10	0	10
Oji-Cree	15,610	7,575	8,030	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	205	105	105	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	120	60	60	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	23,655	11,340	12,320	10	10	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	23,570	11,300	12,265	10	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	210	105	100	10	0	0
Beaver	340	180	165	0	0	0
Carrier	2,105	955	1,145	0	0	0
Chilcotin	1,150	535	610	0	0	0
Dene	13,060	6,270	6,790	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	2,375	1,210	1,165	0	0	0
Gwich'in	360	165	200	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	150	60	90	0	0	0
Sekani	185	85	100	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	2,815	1,340	1,475	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	1,010	475	530	0	0	0
South Slavey	1,365	660	710	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	680	320	360	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	630	340	285	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	365	205	170	0	0	0
Tahltan	270	140	130	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	420	160	260	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	285	115	170	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	145	50	95	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	85	35	50	0	0	0
Haida	465	205	260	0	0	0
Inuit languages	42,980	21,355	21,630	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,975	895	1,080	0	0	0
Inuktitut	40,620	20,280	20,340	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	470	225	240	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	2,800	1,240	1,555	0	0	0
Cayuga	125	40	85	0	0	0
Mohawk	2,415	1,120	1,295	0	0	0
Oneida	180	60	125	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	115	45	75	0	0	0
Kutenai	175	95	80	0	0	0
Michif	1,210	585	625	0	0	0
Salish languages	5,750	2,730	3,015	0	0	0
Comox	185	75	110	0	0	0
Halkomelem	1,060	475	585	0	0	10
Lillooet	790	405	385	0	0	0
Okanagan	820	370	450	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	1,305	640	665	0	0	0
Squamish	285	125	155	0	0	0
Straits	360	160	200	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	450	220	235	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	565	295	270	0	0	0
Siouan languages	5,430	2,665	2,770	10	0	0
Dakota	1,760	870	890	10	0	0
Stoney	3,675	1,805	1,875	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	140	70	70	10	0	0
Tlingit	260	140	120	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	2,730	1,350	1,380	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	1,305	645	660	0	0	0
Nisga'a	1,060	545	515	0	0	0
Tsimshian	410	180	235	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	1,490	680	805	0	0	0
Haisla	175	65	110	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	125	50	75	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	605	285	320	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	565	265	300	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	30	20	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	665	310	360	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	9,107,075	4,361,420	4,745,660	72,735	33,710	39,025
Afro-Asiatic languages	837,355	432,560	404,795	1,185	605	580
Berber languages	29,460	15,745	13,715	0	0	0
Kabyle	17,120	9,100	8,015	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	12,505	6,735	5,775	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	57,125	26,870	30,250	95	70	25
Bilen	1,085	625	470	0	0	0
Oromo	6,245	3,070	3,175	0	0	0
Somali	49,665	23,070	26,590	95	70	25
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	480	220	265	0	0	0
Semitic languages	771,130	400,780	370,350	1,145	570	575
Amharic	33,670	16,675	16,995	25	10	20
Arabic	629,055	329,235	299,820	760	410	350
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	19,745	9,720	10,020	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	7,115	3,505	3,610	0	0	0
Harari	1,710	855	860	0	0	0
Hebrew	75,020	38,730	36,290	350	150	200
Maltese	7,625	3,760	3,870	10	0	0
Tigrigna	21,340	10,640	10,705	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	3,220	1,655	1,565	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	2,775	1,440	1,335	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	224,865	105,845	119,020	390	170	220
Khmer (Cambodian)	27,035	12,640	14,400	20	10	10
Vietnamese	198,895	93,735	105,155	365	155	215
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	190	70	120	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	656,200	273,075	383,125	6,015	2,605	3,405
Bikol	2,075	885	1,190	40	15	25
Cebuano	27,045	10,960	16,085	145	50	95
Fijian	1,660	955	705	40	10	30
Hiligaynon	7,925	3,200	4,720	50	10	35
Ilocano	34,530	13,805	20,730	200	75	130
Malagasy	2,335	1,120	1,220	0	0	0
Malay	22,470	10,370	12,100	385	180	200
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5,425	2,445	2,980	60	25	35
Pangasinan	1,800	790	1,015	40	20	20
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	612,735	253,210	359,530	5,430	2,345	3,085
Waray-Waray	1,395	530	860	15	10	10
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5,585	2,540	3,040	80	45	35
Creole languages	155,615	70,545	85,070	85	40	50
Haitian Creole	6,850	3,140	3,710	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	133,045	59,890	73,160	35	15	20
Creole languages, n.i.e.	16,635	7,955	8,675	45	25	25
Dravidian languages	250,180	126,220	123,960	210	120	90
Kannada	8,245	4,180	4,065	0	10	10
Malayalam	37,810	19,410	18,400	35	25	15
Tamil	189,860	94,640	95,220	135	75	60
Telugu	23,160	12,770	10,390	30	20	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	790	385	405	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	870	435	435	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5,158,010	2,506,455	2,651,555	9,315	4,570	4,750
Albanian	31,930	16,140	15,790	35	20	15
Armenian	41,295	19,980	21,315	35	15	20
Balto-Slavic languages	817,315	384,960	432,350	2,110	1,025	1,085
Baltic languages	14,675	6,470	8,205	0	0	0
Latvian	6,500	2,960	3,540	0	0	0
Lithuanian	8,185	3,510	4,675	0	0	0
Slavic languages	805,915	379,965	425,945	2,105	1,020	1,090
Belarusan	2,265	1,070	1,195	0	0	0
Bosnian	18,265	9,055	9,215	20	15	10
Bulgarian	22,425	10,920	11,505	50	20	25
Croatian	69,840	34,515	35,325	145	80	70
Czech	28,720	13,675	15,050	100	70	35
Macedonian	23,075	11,190	11,880	30	10	15
Polish	214,965	99,365	115,600	210	110	105
Russian	269,645	127,055	142,595	1,335	610	725
Serbian	73,775	37,040	36,740	190	110	80
Serbo-Croatian	11,275	5,525	5,750	20	10	10
Slovak	21,470	10,215	11,255	15	10	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	11,495	5,205	6,290	10	0	0
Ukrainian	132,115	58,820	73,300	260	130	125
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	3,000	1,590	1,405	10	10	0
Celtic languages	9,165	4,705	4,455	20	10	10
Scottish Gaelic	3,980	2,010	1,975	0	0	0
Welsh	1,690	830	860	10	10	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	3,590	1,915	1,680	10	0	10
Germanic languages	695,535	337,215	358,320	1,310	670	645
Afrikaans	23,410	11,795	11,610	120	50	65
Danish	15,745	7,320	8,425	70	45	25
Dutch	120,865	57,885	62,990	200	95	105
Frisian	2,910	1,515	1,395	0	0	0
German	502,730	245,745	256,985	855	450	405
Icelandic	1,780	830	945	0	0	0
Norwegian	8,120	3,860	4,260	20	15	10
Swedish	14,140	6,510	7,635	50	20	30
Vlaams (Flemish)	4,400	1,945	2,455	0	0	0
Yiddish	20,985	10,435	10,550	55	30	25
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	8,710	4,425	4,285	0	0	0
Greek	150,965	75,510	75,455	245	135	105
Indo-Iranian languages	1,658,220	840,850	817,365	3,520	1,690	1,835
Indo-Aryan languages	1,387,805	704,370	683,435	2,990	1,435	1,560
Bengali	91,220	46,935	44,285	60	35	20
Gujarati	149,045	74,765	74,285	450	185	260
Hindi	433,365	221,665	211,700	1,010	510	500
Kashmiri	905	490	420	0	0	0
Konkani	6,790	3,185	3,605	15	10	15
Marathi	15,570	8,200	7,365	30	15	15
Nepali	21,380	10,915	10,470	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	1,535	755	775	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	668,240	341,450	326,790	1,450	725	730
Sindhi	20,260	9,310	10,945	155	60	90
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	27,825	13,970	13,855	70	35	35
Urdu	322,220	164,685	157,535	500	250	250
Iranian languages	281,715	142,030	139,680	555	265	290
Kurdish	15,290	8,290	7,000	25	15	15
Pashto	23,180	12,465	10,715	30	15	15
Persian (Farsi)	252,320	126,565	125,755	510	245	265
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	8,875	4,715	4,155	10	10	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,897,630	898,530	999,100	2,335	1,170	1,165
Catalan	2,035	1,145	890	0	0	0
Italian	574,725	278,500	296,225	350	190	160
Portuguese	295,955	144,465	151,485	265	130	135
Romanian	115,050	55,275	59,770	130	70	65
Spanish	995,255	460,250	535,010	1,700	830	875
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	2,680	1,610	1,075	0	0	0
Japanese	83,090	36,760	46,335	1,710	765	945
Kartvelian languages	2,150	1,075	1,075	0	0	0
Georgian	2,150	1,080	1,070	0	0	0
Korean	172,755	80,170	92,590	665	305	360
Mongolic languages	2,090	960	1,130	45	10	35
Mongolian	2,090	960	1,130	50	10	35
Niger-Congo languages	177,215	88,135	89,080	145	85	60
Akan (Twi)	22,145	10,810	11,340	0	0	10
Bamanankan	3,190	1,660	1,530	0	0	0
Edo	3,220	1,510	1,705	10	0	10
Ewe	3,000	1,685	1,315	10	15	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	4,725	2,460	2,260	0	0	0
Ga	2,250	1,140	1,110	0	0	0
Ganda	2,495	1,175	1,320	0	0	0
Igbo	8,850	4,710	4,140	10	0	0
Lingala	17,010	7,865	9,145	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	8,590	4,075	4,515	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	7,860	3,600	4,260	0	0	0
Shona	5,425	2,530	2,905	10	0	10
Swahili	38,680	19,565	19,115	100	55	45
Wolof	8,240	4,455	3,785	0	0	0
Yoruba	22,420	11,475	10,940	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	40,760	20,375	20,385	20	10	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	7,015	3,520	3,495	0	0	0
Dinka	2,475	1,280	1,190	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	4,555	2,240	2,315	0	0	0
Sign languages	48,115	18,985	29,130	50	10	40
American Sign Language	21,930	7,780	14,155	20	0	20
Quebec Sign Language	4,665	1,665	3,005	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	22,275	9,835	12,440	25	0	20
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,430,440	672,100	758,340	54,785	25,330	29,455
Chinese languages	1,413,110	663,465	749,640	54,735	25,315	29,420
Cantonese	699,125	325,840	373,285	28,435	13,235	15,205
Hakka	12,445	5,555	6,890	260	125	140
Mandarin	814,450	377,635	436,815	33,870	15,285	18,585
Min Dong	1,045	440	600	20	10	10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	42,840	19,005	23,835	2,150	940	1,210
Wu (Shanghainese)	16,530	7,490	9,040	1,040	450	595
Chinese, n.o.s.	41,690	19,995	21,690	845	390	450
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	590	250	340	45	15	30
Tibeto-Burman languages	18,270	9,100	9,175	105	40	65
Burmese	4,995	2,490	2,500	95	30	65
Karenic languages	4,895	2,425	2,475	0	0	0
Tibetan	7,050	3,555	3,490	10	15	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	2,375	1,160	1,220	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	30,400	13,210	17,195	95	20	70
Lao	17,235	8,240	8,990	10	0	0
Thai	15,390	5,875	9,520	85	20	70
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	115	50	65	0	0	0
Turkic languages	60,530	31,585	28,945	245	140	100
Azerbaijani	5,450	2,885	2,565	10	0	0
Turkish	50,775	26,605	24,165	225	125	95
Uyghur	1,385	685	700	0	0	0
Uzbek	2,465	1,230	1,235	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	1,870	905	965	20	10	10
Uralic languages	94,810	44,270	50,545	110	55	50
Estonian	6,070	2,750	3,315	10	10	10
Finnish	17,595	7,540	10,050	20	10	10
Hungarian	71,285	34,005	37,280	80	50	35
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	9,730	5,375	4,355	15	0	10
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490	97,395	46,320	51,080
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	32,034,590	15,799,495	16,235,090	78,370	37,545	40,825
Canadian citizens aged under 18	6,652,795	3,412,785	3,240,010	13,835	7,180	6,655
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	25,381,795	12,386,710	12,995,080	64,535	30,365	34,170
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	2,425,480	1,172,085	1,253,400	19,025	8,780	10,250
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	97,395	46,315	51,080
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	26,412,610	13,124,325	13,288,290	32,575	16,710	15,870
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330	61,150	27,925	33,225
Before 1981	1,941,510	927,795	1,013,715	8,085	3,875	4,210
1981 to 1990	915,555	439,245	476,310	7,120	3,320	3,795
1991 to 2000	1,486,655	696,720	789,940	20,110	9,180	10,930
2001 to 2010	1,985,035	940,570	1,044,465	17,120	7,585	9,535
2001 to 2005	928,935	439,890	489,050	7,805	3,455	4,345
2006 to 2010	1,056,095	500,680	555,415	9,315	4,130	5,190
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	1,212,075	582,175	629,895	8,720	3,965	4,755
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	506,625	260,755	245,870	3,670	1,680	1,990
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	7,540,830	3,586,500	3,954,335	61,155	27,930	33,225
Under 5 years	731,340	364,165	367,175	4,480	2,340	2,140
5 to 14 years	1,311,810	665,870	645,945	9,590	4,975	4,610
15 to 24 years	1,604,430	724,430	880,005	9,915	4,650	5,270
25 to 44 years	3,198,920	1,513,970	1,684,950	27,655	11,440	16,215
45 years and over	694,320	318,060	376,260	9,510	4,520	4,990
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330	61,155	27,930	33,225
Americas	1,128,745	510,650	618,100	1,780	810	975
Brazil	29,320	13,235	16,080	75	25	50
Colombia	70,035	32,065	37,965	70	40	30
El Salvador	48,080	23,865	24,215	65	30	35
Guyana	87,685	38,940	48,745	15	0	15
Haiti	93,480	40,955	52,525	0	0	0
Jamaica	138,345	59,960	78,390	60	30	30
Mexico	80,585	37,530	43,055	215	105	110
Peru	29,615	12,950	16,665	135	50	90
Trinidad and Tobago	65,040	29,325	35,710	75	35	50
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	253,715	113,505	140,215	710	335	380
Other places of birth in Americas	232,850	108,325	124,530	355	170	190
Europe	2,088,410	1,015,145	1,073,260	4,160	2,070	2,090
Bosnia and Herzegovina	36,135	18,050	18,085	60	40	20
Croatia	40,045	20,005	20,035	85	40	40
France	105,565	55,395	50,170	40	25	20
Germany	145,845	69,525	76,320	375	180	195
Greece	62,715	31,580	31,135	95	60	35
Hungary	36,820	17,945	18,875	40	30	15
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	28,325	14,355	13,970	75	35	35
Italy	236,640	118,595	118,040	125	80	40
Netherlands	88,475	45,185	43,295	175	95	85
Poland	146,465	66,450	80,020	145	70	75
Portugal	139,450	68,150	71,300	60	40	25
Romania	90,305	42,795	47,510	115	55	65
Russian Federation	78,685	34,265	44,420	475	180	285
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	33,320	16,325	17,000	80	20	55
Ukraine	73,030	33,360	39,665	375	195	185
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	499,115	243,225	255,890	1,305	615	695
Other places of birth in Europe	247,470	119,945	127,530	555	325	230
Africa	637,485	322,510	314,970	1,100	610	490
Algeria	64,620	33,920	30,705	0	0	0
Egypt	64,615	34,125	30,495	145	95	55
Ethiopia	32,790	15,980	16,810	35	10	25
Kenya	27,150	12,810	14,340	185	95	90
Morocco	69,655	36,120	33,535	20	15	0
Nigeria	42,430	21,830	20,600	30	25	10
Somalia	27,230	12,070	15,160	70	55	15
South Africa, Republic of	44,660	22,205	22,460	240	120	115
Other places of birth in Africa	264,320	133,450	130,870	360	195	170
Asia	3,629,160	1,709,985	1,919,175	53,660	24,240	29,420
Afghanistan	51,955	26,030	25,930	35	10	20
Bangladesh	58,735	29,875	28,865	35	15	15
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	649,260	290,800	358,460	24,445	10,925	13,520
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	208,940	98,020	110,915	12,435	5,775	6,660
India	668,565	334,030	334,540	1,380	655	720
IranCensus data footnote 61	154,425	77,970	76,455	415	200	215
Iraq	68,485	34,785	33,705	185	90	95
Japan	27,240	7,955	19,285	700	255	440
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	123,305	57,170	66,140	525	240	285
Lebanon	88,745	47,295	41,450	35	15	25
Pakistan	202,260	103,225	99,035	385	190	200
Philippines	588,305	247,095	341,210	5,870	2,595	3,270
Sri Lanka	131,995	64,825	67,170	145	75	70
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	52,960	26,595	26,365	70	30	40
Taiwan	63,770	28,170	35,605	4,240	1,895	2,345
Viet Nam	169,250	78,000	91,250	395	195	200
Other places of birth in Asia	320,965	158,150	162,815	2,365	1,070	1,300
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	57,030	28,210	28,825	445	205	245
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	1,212,075	582,180	629,895	8,715	3,965	4,755
Americas	152,595	72,870	79,720	230	115	115
Brazil	8,500	4,000	4,490	30	10	15
Colombia	15,300	6,885	8,415	20	15	10
Cuba	5,370	2,545	2,820	10	0	10
Haiti	19,985	9,160	10,830	0	0	0
Jamaica	12,495	6,680	5,820	0	0	0
Mexico	18,660	9,090	9,575	35	30	10
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	33,060	16,480	16,580	90	40	50
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	6,425	2,990	3,435	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	32,790	15,040	17,750	45	20	25
Europe	140,030	70,995	69,035	190	70	120
France	24,150	13,000	11,150	0	0	0
Germany	6,300	3,255	3,045	10	0	0
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	5,660	3,540	2,120	0	0	0
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	5,900	2,735	3,165	0	10	0
Romania	7,610	3,330	4,280	0	0	0
Russian Federation	11,565	4,485	7,080	85	20	70
Ukraine	13,425	6,015	7,410	35	15	20
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	24,445	14,235	10,215	20	10	10
Other places of birth in Europe	40,970	20,405	20,570	35	25	10
Africa	162,800	81,545	81,245	145	85	65
Algeria	17,175	8,440	8,735	0	0	0
Cameroon	10,265	5,005	5,255	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	7,400	3,570	3,835	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	6,240	3,030	3,210	0	0	0
Egypt	16,115	8,445	7,665	50	30	20
Eritrea	6,050	3,195	2,855	0	0	0
Ethiopia	7,510	3,625	3,890	10	0	0
Morocco	15,105	7,470	7,635	0	0	0
Nigeria	17,285	8,850	8,435	15	10	0
Somalia	5,335	2,600	2,730	20	10	10
South Africa, Republic of	5,765	2,935	2,830	30	15	20
Tunisia	6,700	3,475	3,230	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	41,855	20,905	20,950	25	15	10
Asia	748,700	352,095	396,610	8,105	3,675	4,435
Afghanistan	9,240	4,530	4,710	0	0	0
Bangladesh	12,900	6,445	6,460	15	10	0
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	129,020	57,745	71,270	5,615	2,505	3,110
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	4,975	2,090	2,880	280	110	175
India	147,190	75,145	72,045	135	70	70
IranCensus data footnote 61	42,070	20,580	21,490	65	35	30
Iraq	20,665	10,345	10,320	105	55	45
Israel	4,740	2,615	2,130	20	0	10
Japan	4,905	1,250	3,655	80	20	60
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	21,710	9,630	12,075	105	55	55
Lebanon	9,375	4,980	4,400	15	10	0
Nepal	7,505	3,780	3,715	0	0	0
Pakistan	41,480	20,530	20,945	90	55	35
Philippines	188,810	83,050	105,760	965	445	515
Saudi Arabia	5,465	2,820	2,640	35	25	15
Sri Lanka	11,495	5,190	6,305	0	0	0
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	29,945	15,245	14,700	65	25	40
Taiwan	4,310	1,685	2,625	250	120	125
Turkey	4,255	2,365	1,890	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	6,135	3,220	2,910	0	0	0
Viet Nam	11,210	4,500	6,705	25	0	20
Other places of birth in Asia	31,320	14,345	16,970	235	120	115
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	7,955	4,670	3,280	40	20	20
Australia	4,965	2,950	2,010	20	10	10
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	2,990	1,720	1,270	25	0	15
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	34,460,060	16,971,575	17,488,485	97,395	46,315	51,080
First generationCensus data footnote 69	8,219,555	3,936,045	4,283,505	65,415	29,970	35,450
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	6,100,725	3,053,075	3,047,650	20,420	10,400	10,020
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	20,139,790	9,982,460	10,157,330	11,555	5,950	5,610
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	5,703,615	2,709,530	2,994,085	53,590	24,295	29,300
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	2,994,130	1,496,240	1,497,885	39,095	18,655	20,440
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	1,220,755	755,370	465,380	13,430	8,225	5,205
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	1,773,380	740,870	1,032,510	25,665	10,430	15,235
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	1,782,490	728,085	1,054,400	11,535	4,215	7,315
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	858,845	453,675	405,175	1,585	820	760
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	68,145	31,530	36,615	1,380	605	780
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	97,400	46,315	51,080
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	1,673,785	813,520	860,265	685	345	345
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	1,629,805	792,970	836,835	665	330	330
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	977,235	471,510	505,725	390	205	190
Métis	587,545	289,435	298,115	255	120	140
Inuk (Inuit)	65,030	32,030	32,995	15	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	21,310	10,165	11,145	10	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	22,670	10,385	12,290	20	10	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	32,786,280	16,158,060	16,628,225	96,710	45,975	50,735
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490	97,395	46,315	51,080
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	820,120	395,670	424,445	330	175	155
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	33,639,945	16,575,905	17,064,040	97,065	46,140	50,925
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,490	97,395	46,315	51,075
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	727,790	356,970	370,815	160	85	70
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	709,235	347,985	361,245	155	85	75
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	573,215	280,040	293,180	135	70	70
Métis single ancestry	91,255	45,740	45,515	20	15	10
Inuit single ancestry	44,765	22,210	22,555	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	18,555	8,985	9,565	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15,140	7,305	7,835	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	2,470	1,205	1,265	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	770	390	380	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	170	85	85	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	1,402,735	669,710	733,025	780	380	400
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	1,347,610	644,210	703,400	730	370	365
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	881,455	418,215	463,235	550	285	265
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	441,000	213,940	227,065	170	80	95
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25,155	12,045	13,105	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	55,125	25,505	29,625	45	10	35
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	49,325	22,740	26,585	45	10	40
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,470	1,655	1,815	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,005	940	1,065	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	325	170	160	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	32,329,545	15,944,900	16,384,645	96,460	45,855	50,605
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	97,395	46,315	51,080
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	7,674,580	3,725,090	3,949,495	75,805	35,385	40,420
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	1,924,635	977,690	946,945	4,190	2,070	2,115
Chinese	1,577,060	746,400	830,665	57,490	26,760	30,725
Black	1,198,540	580,070	618,475	585	295	290
Filipino	780,125	341,800	438,330	5,915	2,625	3,290
Latin American	447,325	215,460	231,860	720	335	385
Arab	523,235	276,425	246,810	700	380	315
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	313,260	148,880	164,385	860	355	500
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	264,305	133,475	130,825	535	265	275
Korean	188,710	89,110	99,600	705	330	375
Japanese	92,920	40,105	52,815	1,680	770	910
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	132,090	62,540	69,550	170	85	85
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	232,375	113,140	119,230	2,260	1,110	1,155
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	26,785,480	13,246,485	13,539,000	21,585	10,935	10,655
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	97,395	46,315	51,075
North American Aboriginal origins	2,130,520	1,026,675	1,103,840	935	460	475
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,525,570	731,410	794,155	735	365	365
Inuit	79,130	38,695	40,435	0	10	10
Métis	599,995	291,310	308,690	240	100	140
Other North American origins	11,628,535	5,745,695	5,882,835	6,670	3,490	3,180
Acadian	119,675	57,805	61,865	25	10	10
American	377,405	182,690	194,715	770	390	375
Canadian	11,135,965	5,501,595	5,634,370	6,200	3,260	2,940
New Brunswicker	1,490	800	685	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	22,215	11,420	10,800	10	0	0
Nova Scotian	3,700	1,770	1,930	0	0	0
Ontarian	3,925	1,980	1,945	0	0	0
Québécois	194,560	99,320	95,235	10	10	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	1,895	950	945	15	0	15
European origins	19,683,320	9,687,715	9,995,605	23,420	11,635	11,785
British Isles origins	11,211,850	5,474,735	5,737,115	13,385	6,590	6,795
Channel Islander	3,595	1,740	1,855	0	0	0
Cornish	1,975	995	975	0	0	0
English	6,320,085	3,069,515	3,250,570	8,370	4,125	4,245
Irish	4,627,000	2,195,620	2,431,385	4,275	1,915	2,355
Manx	6,125	3,090	3,040	45	10	30
Scottish	4,799,005	2,323,390	2,475,620	5,785	2,855	2,930
Welsh	474,805	226,600	248,210	795	365	430
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	644,695	307,090	337,610	955	470	485
French origins	4,680,820	2,283,480	2,397,340	2,445	1,240	1,205
Alsatian	2,800	1,300	1,495	0	0	0
Breton	11,845	5,765	6,080	0	0	0
Corsican	1,750	950	805	10	10	0
French	4,670,595	2,278,430	2,392,165	2,445	1,240	1,205
Western European origins (except French origins)	4,600,855	2,258,095	2,342,760	5,195	2,590	2,605
Austrian	207,050	100,775	106,275	365	200	165
Bavarian	940	485	455	10	10	0
Belgian	186,665	91,395	95,270	185	80	105
Dutch	1,111,655	546,565	565,090	1,235	600	635
Flemish	11,685	5,730	5,960	25	10	20
Frisian	4,590	2,395	2,195	0	0	0
German	3,322,405	1,626,785	1,695,615	3,750	1,885	1,865
Luxembourger	3,915	2,025	1,890	0	0	0
Swiss	155,120	76,935	78,185	140	55	85
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	3,365	1,645	1,720	20	0	15
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,201,320	579,005	622,315	2,020	1,000	1,020
Danish	207,470	100,660	106,810	495	245	250
Finnish	143,645	69,045	74,600	230	135	95
Icelandic	101,795	49,875	51,915	150	85	70
Norwegian	463,275	223,075	240,200	645	265	380
Swedish	349,645	163,545	186,095	590	310	280
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	52,780	26,965	25,820	110	60	50
Eastern European origins	3,431,245	1,666,740	1,764,505	5,275	2,615	2,665
Bulgarian	34,565	16,935	17,625	80	40	40
Byelorussian	20,710	10,190	10,515	75	40	30
Czech	104,580	51,555	53,030	250	130	115
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	40,715	19,235	21,480	65	45	25
Estonian	24,530	11,715	12,815	60	35	25
Hungarian	348,085	170,040	178,045	415	210	195
Latvian	30,725	14,920	15,805	50	20	25
Lithuanian	59,285	28,745	30,535	90	50	40
Moldovan	14,915	7,265	7,650	20	10	10
Polish	1,106,585	533,830	572,750	1,360	655	705
Romanian	238,050	114,705	123,345	325	160	160
Russian	622,445	297,600	324,850	1,695	785	910
Slovak	72,285	35,360	36,925	65	25	35
Ukrainian	1,359,655	663,560	696,095	1,905	905	1,000
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	20,415	9,895	10,520	110	60	55
Southern European origins	3,012,375	1,494,605	1,517,775	4,400	2,255	2,150
Albanian	36,185	18,385	17,800	35	20	15
Bosnian	26,740	13,320	13,420	15	10	0
Catalan	1,280	740	535	0	0	0
Croatian	133,970	67,825	66,140	240	145	100
Cypriot	5,650	2,850	2,795	20	10	10
Greek	271,410	137,405	134,005	420	225	195
Italian	1,587,965	794,525	793,445	1,115	630	485
Kosovar	2,865	1,470	1,395	0	0	0
Macedonian	43,110	21,650	21,460	30	15	15
Maltese	41,920	20,955	20,965	10	0	10
Montenegrin	4,160	2,180	1,985	0	0	0
Portuguese	482,605	239,360	243,250	600	305	300
Serbian	96,530	49,095	47,440	220	130	95
Sicilian	6,940	3,500	3,435	0	0	0
Slovenian	40,470	20,105	20,365	45	10	30
Spanish	396,460	184,520	211,945	1,880	880	1,000
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	38,480	18,620	19,860	80	35	40
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	2,170	1,030	1,135	0	0	0
Other European origins	226,695	115,110	111,580	710	345	365
Basque	6,965	3,690	3,275	0	0	0
Jewish	143,660	72,625	71,035	540	260	275
Roma (Gypsy)	4,630	2,195	2,440	10	10	10
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	4,870	2,560	2,310	25	15	15
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	67,890	34,730	33,160	140	65	75
Caribbean origins	749,155	349,810	399,345	375	170	200
Antiguan	4,500	2,115	2,385	0	0	0
Bahamian	3,675	1,915	1,760	15	0	15
Barbadian	37,780	17,745	20,035	45	25	25
Bermudan	3,075	1,435	1,640	10	10	0
Carib	3,030	1,175	1,860	10	0	10
Cuban	29,065	13,800	15,270	15	10	10
Dominican	23,130	11,000	12,125	0	0	10
Grenadian	17,915	7,835	10,080	0	0	10
Guadeloupean	1,125	515	605	0	0	0
Haitian	165,095	76,460	88,635	25	10	10
Jamaican	309,485	145,080	164,410	110	55	55
Kittitian/Nevisian	2,915	1,460	1,460	0	0	0
Martinican	2,010	900	1,110	0	0	10
Montserratan	930	460	470	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	3,405	1,645	1,765	0	0	0
St. Lucian	8,985	4,095	4,890	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	78,965	37,325	41,635	125	55	70
Vincentian/Grenadinian	17,420	7,475	9,945	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	70,270	31,625	38,645	10	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	26,830	12,520	14,310	15	10	10
Latin, Central and South American origins	674,640	325,210	349,430	945	455	485
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	22,725	10,875	11,850	65	30	35
Arawak	1,440	610	830	0	0	0
Argentinian	20,680	10,130	10,545	25	10	10
Belizean	1,755	915	845	0	0	0
Bolivian	5,055	2,480	2,580	0	0	0
Brazilian	36,830	17,380	19,455	75	30	50
Chilean	45,190	22,280	22,910	35	15	15
Colombian	96,325	45,590	50,735	75	35	40
Costa Rican	5,535	2,680	2,855	0	10	0
Ecuadorian	25,405	11,995	13,415	0	0	0
Guatemalan	26,275	13,360	12,915	0	0	0
Guyanese	84,275	39,530	44,745	0	10	0
Hispanic	11,055	5,380	5,670	45	20	25
Honduran	10,650	5,235	5,415	0	0	0
Maya	6,285	3,350	2,940	0	0	0
Mexican	128,485	62,890	65,595	340	175	165
Nicaraguan	13,705	6,650	7,055	50	30	25
Panamanian	4,700	2,210	2,495	10	0	10
Paraguayan	4,325	2,165	2,160	10	0	0
Peruvian	42,145	19,645	22,505	85	40	50
Salvadorean	66,220	32,960	33,255	80	40	40
Uruguayan	6,795	3,390	3,410	0	0	0
Venezuelan	26,345	12,220	14,125	30	15	15
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	28,455	13,930	14,525	55	20	35
African origins	1,067,930	539,805	528,120	910	490	425
Central and West African origins	230,110	118,040	112,070	95	50	40
Akan	1,955	1,090	870	0	0	0
Angolan	2,960	1,475	1,480	0	0	0
Ashanti	1,585	855	735	0	0	0
Beninese	4,995	2,670	2,320	0	0	0
Burkinabe	3,150	1,665	1,485	0	0	0
Cameroonian	24,615	12,390	12,230	0	0	0
Chadian	1,845	955	885	0	0	0
Congolese	38,365	18,925	19,440	10	0	10
Edo	1,945	1,095	855	0	0	0
Ewe	845	470	375	0	0	0
Gabonese	1,405	660	750	0	0	0
Gambian	975	495	475	0	0	0
Ghanaian	35,495	17,720	17,770	35	10	25
Guinean	7,240	3,785	3,455	0	0	0
Ibo	5,315	2,850	2,470	0	0	0
Ivorian	10,935	5,485	5,450	0	0	0
Liberian	2,485	1,130	1,360	0	0	0
Malian	4,490	2,280	2,210	0	0	0
Malinké	1,125	585	535	0	0	0
Nigerian	51,835	27,025	24,805	35	20	10
Peulh	2,435	1,270	1,170	0	0	0
Senegalese	10,175	5,500	4,670	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	2,620	1,330	1,295	0	0	0
Togolese	5,300	2,870	2,430	15	10	10
Wolof	840	495	345	0	0	0
Yoruba	9,585	5,075	4,515	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	15,380	7,940	7,445	10	10	0
North African origins	355,045	185,775	169,270	240	135	110
Algerian	67,335	34,755	32,580	0	0	10
Berber	37,060	19,685	17,375	0	0	0
Coptic	3,535	1,860	1,680	0	0	0
Dinka	900	500	400	0	0	0
Egyptian	99,140	51,730	47,410	160	105	55
Libyan	7,740	4,135	3,605	10	10	10
Maure	1,190	655	535	10	0	10
Moroccan	103,940	54,005	49,945	45	20	30
Sudanese	19,960	10,315	9,645	0	0	0
Tunisian	25,645	13,985	11,665	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	6,115	3,320	2,795	15	10	15
Southern and East African origins	260,145	128,325	131,815	305	180	125
Afrikaner	1,870	955	915	0	0	10
Amhara	1,530	815	715	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	3,965	2,175	1,785	0	0	0
Burundian	10,990	5,405	5,580	0	0	0
Djiboutian	1,710	790	920	0	0	0
Eritrean	25,255	12,830	12,430	0	0	0
Ethiopian	44,065	21,680	22,385	30	15	15
Harari	665	355	305	0	0	0
Kenyan	10,915	5,230	5,685	60	20	40
Malagasy	4,500	2,175	2,325	0	0	0
Mauritian	9,325	4,655	4,665	10	0	10
Oromo	3,350	1,745	1,605	0	0	0
Rwandan	10,775	5,065	5,705	0	0	0
Seychellois	1,285	575	710	0	0	0
Somali	62,550	30,215	32,330	95	70	25
South African	41,375	20,575	20,800	85	50	35
Tanzanian	4,710	2,400	2,310	0	0	0
Tigrian	2,155	1,160	995	0	0	0
Ugandan	5,705	2,875	2,830	10	0	10
Zambian	1,860	935	920	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	8,090	3,975	4,110	10	10	0
Zulu	945	475	475	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	17,305	8,445	8,860	15	10	0
Other African origins	239,560	116,400	123,165	285	130	155
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	30,385	14,015	16,370	45	30	15
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	212,005	103,790	108,215	240	100	135
Asian origins	6,095,235	2,958,120	3,137,115	74,410	34,635	39,775
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,011,145	518,170	492,980	1,720	880	850
Afghan	83,995	42,320	41,675	55	30	25
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	111,400	58,930	52,475	120	50	70
Armenian	63,810	31,505	32,305	45	20	20
Assyrian	13,835	7,115	6,720	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	6,425	3,230	3,200	50	35	10
Georgian	4,775	2,430	2,345	0	0	0
Hazara	1,515	810	705	0	0	0
Iranian	210,405	106,565	103,840	575	280	295
Iraqi	70,925	35,965	34,955	180	90	95
Israeli	28,735	15,065	13,675	180	90	90
Jordanian	14,250	7,520	6,735	55	35	20
Kazakh	3,330	1,615	1,710	15	10	0
Kurd	16,315	8,810	7,515	25	15	10
Kuwaiti	2,235	1,185	1,055	10	10	0
Kyrgyz	1,060	510	550	15	0	10
Lebanese	219,555	112,970	106,590	65	35	30
Palestinian	44,820	23,900	20,920	110	70	40
Pashtun	4,810	2,565	2,245	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	6,810	3,935	2,880	10	10	0
Syrian	77,045	38,445	38,600	65	30	35
Tajik	2,905	1,410	1,495	0	0	0
Tatar	4,825	2,155	2,670	10	0	10
Turk	63,955	32,855	31,100	215	115	95
Turkmen	1,040	540	500	0	0	0
Uighur	1,555	775	785	0	0	0
Uzbek	3,920	1,920	2,000	0	0	0
Yemeni	6,645	3,335	3,305	45	15	35
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	25,280	13,180	12,100	115	60	50
South Asian origins	1,963,330	993,595	969,735	4,370	2,170	2,195
Bangladeshi	45,940	23,645	22,300	20	0	15
Bengali	22,900	11,730	11,180	30	15	15
Bhutanese	3,600	1,765	1,835	0	0	0
East Indian	1,374,710	694,990	679,720	3,635	1,825	1,805
Goan	6,070	2,915	3,155	50	25	25
Gujarati	8,350	4,305	4,050	10	10	0
Kashmiri	3,115	1,605	1,510	0	0	0
Nepali	17,140	8,715	8,420	0	0	0
Pakistani	215,555	110,420	105,140	395	170	220
Punjabi	118,400	61,155	57,240	235	120	110
Sinhalese	7,285	3,605	3,685	10	0	10
Sri Lankan	152,595	75,010	77,585	215	105	105
Tamil	48,670	24,845	23,825	35	10	25
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	76,400	38,815	37,585	95	60	30
East and Southeast Asian origins	3,163,360	1,467,205	1,696,155	68,535	31,710	36,825
Burmese	9,335	4,535	4,795	65	25	40
Cambodian (Khmer)	38,490	18,515	19,980	20	20	0
Chinese	1,769,195	836,150	933,045	58,725	27,385	31,340
Filipino	837,130	369,105	468,025	6,710	3,015	3,695
Hmong	805	420	390	0	0	0
Indonesian	21,390	9,950	11,440	170	70	100
Japanese	121,485	53,415	68,070	2,065	955	1,115
Karen	4,510	2,275	2,240	0	0	0
Korean	198,210	93,680	104,525	870	425	450
Laotian	24,580	12,190	12,390	10	0	10
Malaysian	16,920	7,735	9,185	240	115	120
Mongolian	7,480	3,560	3,915	70	15	50
Singaporean	2,850	1,325	1,520	45	20	25
Taiwanese	36,510	16,570	19,945	1,780	850	930
Thai	19,010	7,330	11,680	90	15	70
Tibetan	8,040	4,055	3,985	35	25	10
Vietnamese	240,615	115,935	124,680	535	235	295
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	6,500	3,150	3,355	10	0	10
Other Asian origins	22,745	11,280	11,460	80	45	35
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	22,740	11,280	11,460	75	40	35
Oceania origins	85,470	43,030	42,440	390	185	210
Australian	42,315	21,710	20,605	135	75	55
New Zealander	15,395	8,065	7,330	60	15	40
Pacific Islands origins	29,485	14,240	15,250	205	95	115
Fijian	19,375	9,280	10,090	130	60	70
Hawaiian	3,295	1,500	1,795	40	15	25
Maori	2,500	1,310	1,195	10	0	10
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	1,530	725	805	10	0	10
Samoan	1,100	625	475	30	15	15
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	2,335	1,145	1,185	20	10	10
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	14,072,075	...	...	37,125	...	...
Owner	9,541,320	...	...	27,595	...	...
Renter	4,474,530	...	...	9,530	...	...
Band housing	56,230	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	14,072,075	...	...	37,125	...	...
Condominium	1,874,840	...	...	16,485	...	...
Not condominium	12,197,240	...	...	20,640	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	14,072,080	...	...	37,125	...	...
No bedrooms	93,345	...	...	175	...	...
1 bedroom	1,925,015	...	...	5,930	...	...
2 bedrooms	3,547,090	...	...	10,905	...	...
3 bedrooms	4,836,485	...	...	9,525	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,670,145	...	...	10,585	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	14,072,075	...	...	37,125	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	4,068,915	...	...	16,080	...	...
5 rooms	2,177,045	...	...	5,925	...	...
6 rooms	1,981,585	...	...	4,485	...	...
7 rooms	1,790,180	...	...	3,560	...	...
8 or more rooms	4,054,355	...	...	7,080	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	5.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	14,072,080	...	...	37,125	...	...
One person or fewer per room	13,802,060	...	...	35,555	...	...
More than 1 person per room	270,020	...	...	1,565	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	14,072,075	...	...	37,125	...	...
Suitable	13,376,345	...	...	34,245	...	...
Not suitable	695,730	...	...	2,875	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	14,072,080	...	...	37,120	...	...
1960 or before	3,126,380	...	...	1,540	...	...
1961 to 1980	4,185,510	...	...	10,520	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,977,640	...	...	7,570	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,746,390	...	...	7,045	...	...
2001 to 2005	976,390	...	...	1,970	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,089,750	...	...	3,350	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	970,015	...	...	5,120	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	14,072,080	...	...	37,120	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	13,151,600	...	...	35,110	...	...
Major repairs needed	920,480	...	...	2,010	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	14,072,080	...	...	37,125	...	...
1 household maintainer	8,324,865	...	...	21,770	...	...
2 household maintainers	5,404,800	...	...	13,660	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	342,415	...	...	1,690	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	14,072,080	...	...	37,125	...	...
15 to 24 years	437,230	...	...	1,225	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,991,685	...	...	4,350	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,414,920	...	...	5,460	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,862,870	...	...	8,350	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,859,315	...	...	8,195	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,034,220	...	...	5,465	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,084,700	...	...	2,940	...	...
85 years and over	387,135	...	...	1,140	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	13,798,305	...	...	37,005	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	10,472,355	...	...	22,875	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,325,950	...	...	14,135	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,861,615	...	...	9,805	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	9,368,330	...	...	27,590	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	60.7	...	...	54.5	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	16.6	...	...	33.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,130	...	...	1,118	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,313	...	...	1,513	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	341,556	...	...	802,722	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	443,058	...	...	1,066,965	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,452,850	...	...	9,525	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	13.0	...	...	17.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	40.0	...	...	50.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	910	...	...	1,257	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,002	...	...	1,338	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,580	84,450	39,660	44,785
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,239,575	2,667,995	2,571,585	10,610	4,770	5,840
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	7,576,400	3,686,630	3,889,770	25,065	11,750	13,320
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,230	48,770	23,145	25,625
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,800,260	1,906,610	893,650	3,570	2,325	1,245
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,549,880	880,365	669,515	1,885	1,075	810
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	1,250,385	1,026,250	224,140	1,685	1,255	430
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,553,825	2,326,940	3,226,890	12,325	5,195	7,125
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	813,335	331,940	481,395	4,010	1,860	2,150
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,659,615	3,070,315	3,589,300	28,870	13,760	15,110
Bachelor's degree	4,443,835	1,967,905	2,475,935	20,520	9,455	11,060
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	462,295	203,725	258,570	1,830	870	965
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	190,925	102,530	88,395	690	350	340
Master's degree	1,331,045	651,510	679,535	5,115	2,575	2,540
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	231,510	144,640	86,870	715	515	200
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	54,865	25,210	29,660
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,169,790	1,200,110	969,685	3,615	1,595	2,020
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	4,494,585	2,247,020	2,247,565	13,440	6,130	7,305
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,267,005	5,821,425	6,445,580	37,810	17,475	20,330
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,042,430	1,377,775	664,650	2,305	1,505	800
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,145,035	639,785	505,250	1,225	710	510
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	897,390	737,990	159,405	1,085	795	285
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,241,985	1,786,065	2,455,920	9,110	3,805	5,310
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	580,885	240,040	340,850	3,000	1,305	1,695
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	5,401,705	2,417,555	2,984,155	23,395	10,865	12,530
Bachelor's degree	3,590,080	1,562,160	2,027,925	16,470	7,450	9,020
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	362,455	151,205	211,250	1,405	660	740
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	153,290	74,440	78,855	520	230	290
Master's degree	1,120,190	527,335	592,850	4,455	2,130	2,325
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	175,685	102,415	73,275	550	395	155
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	84,455	39,665	44,790
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	12,815,980	6,354,625	6,461,350	35,675	16,520	19,160
Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,800	2,485	545	1,935
13. Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,805	2,480	545	1,935
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	596,230	268,050	328,180	2,015	800	1,215
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	99,020	72,865	26,150	260	205	55
50. Visual and performing arts	497,210	195,185	302,025	1,755	595	1,160
Humanities	850,840	330,490	520,345	3,310	1,145	2,170
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	98,000	22,100	75,900	850	225	625
23. English language and literature/letters	178,590	52,785	125,810	735	235	500
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	275,525	104,135	171,390	995	350	655
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	4,160	1,640	2,520	0	0	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	51,930	30,185	21,750	150	85	70
39. Theology and religious vocations	77,490	46,285	31,200	145	90	55
54. History	111,465	59,965	51,500	340	150	195
55. French language and literature/letters	53,680	13,400	40,290	75	10	65
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,761,900	586,455	1,175,445	6,370	2,525	3,845
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	24,685	5,660	19,025	125	30	95
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	182,275	68,030	114,245	640	280	365
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	324,660	26,065	298,595	695	90	605
22. Legal professions and studies	289,600	102,660	186,945	860	330	530
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	35,445	8,150	27,295	55	30	25
42. Psychology	281,470	71,230	210,230	1,060	305	755
45. Social sciences	623,775	304,660	319,110	2,930	1,465	1,470
Business, management and public administration	3,360,045	1,272,475	2,087,565	14,025	5,825	8,200
30.16 Accounting and computer science	6,190	1,850	4,340	10	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	237,835	48,815	189,015	230	60	165
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,116,025	1,221,805	1,894,215	13,780	5,760	8,020
Physical and life sciences and technologies	614,280	315,665	298,615	2,485	1,260	1,230
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	249,955	105,560	144,400	830	360	470
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	125,600	61,685	63,915	580	275	305
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	28,155	12,625	15,530	50	20	35
40. Physical sciences	179,305	122,815	56,485	950	585	365
41. Science technologies/technicians	31,270	12,980	18,290	70	15	55
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	651,480	420,370	231,110	2,840	1,870	975
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	514,685	356,435	158,250	2,265	1,570	690
25. Library science	40,820	6,495	34,320	120	25	95
27. Mathematics and statistics	86,655	50,930	35,725	430	250	185
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	9,325	6,510	2,815	20	15	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,327,405	3,022,700	304,700	8,080	6,815	1,270
04. Architecture and related services	114,315	72,880	41,435	440	315	125
14. Engineering	752,465	615,880	136,585	4,215	3,315	905
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	620,065	551,855	68,205	1,160	1,015	145
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	410	85	325	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	702,155	682,710	19,445	750	730	20
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	731,135	709,430	21,705	1,075	1,045	30
48. Precision production	406,855	389,850	17,005	425	390	35
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	339,050	219,040	120,010	525	260	265
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	205,930	127,925	78,005	355	170	185
03. Natural resources and conservation	133,120	91,115	42,005	175	95	80
Health and related fields	2,266,720	441,180	1,825,545	4,975	1,260	3,715
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	164,295	81,260	83,040	380	215	165
51. Health professions and related programs	2,047,680	329,010	1,718,670	4,410	945	3,465
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	54,740	30,910	23,830	185	95	95
Personal, protective and transportation services	995,825	507,200	488,630	1,660	850	805
12. Personal and culinary services	565,555	151,530	414,025	1,210	480	730
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	3,505	3,080	420	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	7,900	7,230	670	20	15	10
43. Security and protective services	206,745	150,540	56,205	95	85	15
49. Transportation and materials moving	212,125	194,810	17,315	330	275	55
Other	3,170	885	2,280	10	10	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	3,170	890	2,280	10	10	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	18,931,385	9,268,555	9,662,825	54,860	25,205	29,655
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	6,664,380	3,447,130	3,217,250	17,060	7,730	9,325
Education	727,515	160,315	567,205	1,625	345	1,280
13. Education	727,515	160,315	567,200	1,625	345	1,280
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	467,905	208,365	259,545	1,560	610	950
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	74,530	53,995	20,535	185	150	40
50. Visual and performing arts	393,375	154,370	239,005	1,370	460	910
Humanities	614,815	232,425	382,390	2,565	830	1,740
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	76,540	16,200	60,340	670	140	530
23. English language and literature/letters	133,800	38,310	95,485	575	195	380
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	191,005	71,770	119,235	795	265	525
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	3,140	1,250	1,895	10	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	37,870	21,930	15,940	125	70	55
39. Theology and religious vocations	52,295	31,200	21,090	130	75	50
54. History	82,565	43,475	39,085	220	80	140
55. French language and literature/letters	37,600	8,285	29,315	50	0	45
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,417,625	453,100	964,525	5,125	1,940	3,185
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20,300	4,595	15,705	95	25	75
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	152,080	56,125	95,955	510	200	305
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	259,845	19,160	240,685	525	65	460
22. Legal professions and studies	241,170	76,720	164,445	725	245	480
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	27,310	6,390	20,920	50	25	30
42. Psychology	218,470	51,570	166,900	880	240	640
45. Social sciences	498,450	238,540	259,915	2,335	1,140	1,195
Business, management and public administration	2,696,770	1,000,895	1,695,875	11,285	4,600	6,680
30.16 Accounting and computer science	4,955	1,480	3,475	10	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	192,190	36,890	155,305	175	45	125
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,499,625	962,530	1,537,095	11,105	4,555	6,545
Physical and life sciences and technologies	449,870	222,120	227,755	1,795	900	895
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	195,830	79,945	115,880	630	275	355
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	89,205	42,265	46,945	450	225	230
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	9,280	3,850	5,430	40	15	25
40. Physical sciences	132,935	87,025	45,905	635	380	255
41. Science technologies/technicians	22,625	9,035	13,590	45	10	40
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	567,415	368,840	198,575	2,535	1,650	880
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	464,000	321,805	142,190	2,085	1,425	665
25. Library science	29,955	4,870	25,080	85	25	65
27. Mathematics and statistics	65,620	36,895	28,725	345	190	150
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	7,840	5,270	2,575	20	15	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,532,555	2,271,735	260,820	5,965	4,860	1,105
04. Architecture and related services	93,135	57,280	35,850	370	265	105
14. Engineering	612,265	490,980	121,285	3,260	2,465	795
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	475,045	418,595	56,450	810	675	130
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	350	70	275	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	515,630	499,670	15,960	555	535	20
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	540,800	523,425	17,375	735	705	20
48. Precision production	295,335	281,715	13,620	240	210	25
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	269,445	167,680	101,770	410	195	210
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	159,975	94,680	65,295	270	130	145
03. Natural resources and conservation	109,470	73,000	36,470	135	70	65
Health and related fields	1,749,545	342,395	1,407,145	3,790	975	2,820
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	129,560	63,315	66,245	295	180	115
51. Health professions and related programs	1,576,945	256,895	1,320,050	3,395	760	2,635
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	43,040	22,185	20,860	105	35	65
Personal, protective and transportation services	770,950	392,820	378,135	1,145	570	570
12. Personal and culinary services	431,415	114,395	317,025	845	330	510
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	2,725	2,355	375	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	4,425	3,975	445	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	162,995	116,750	46,240	70	55	15
49. Transportation and materials moving	169,400	155,340	14,050	225	175	50
Other	2,590	745	1,845	10	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	2,585	740	1,845	10	10	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,585	84,450	39,660	44,790
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,815,975	6,354,625	6,461,350	35,675	16,515	19,160
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,235	48,775	23,150	25,625
Location of study inside Canada	13,117,190	6,299,305	6,817,890	26,605	12,925	13,685
Same as province or territory of residence	11,519,215	5,503,640	6,015,575	22,030	10,555	11,470
Different than province or territory of residence	1,597,975	795,655	802,315	4,580	2,365	2,215
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	2,709,850	1,336,505	1,373,345	22,165	10,220	11,940
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	349,540	189,995	159,545	1,855	980	875
Philippines	298,830	109,820	189,020	3,025	1,180	1,845
India	281,415	142,410	138,995	505	245	260
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	232,035	131,050	100,980	1,020	505	515
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	205,375	94,690	110,685	7,855	3,620	4,240
France	88,860	50,400	38,455	95	50	45
Other	1,253,790	618,135	635,655	7,815	3,650	4,165
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	54,865	25,205	29,655
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,664,380	3,447,125	3,217,250	17,060	7,730	9,325
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	12,267,005	5,821,430	6,445,575	37,805	17,480	20,325
Location of study inside Canada	10,134,590	4,807,045	5,327,545	20,615	9,915	10,700
Same as province or territory of residence	8,918,160	4,207,495	4,710,665	17,395	8,340	9,055
Different than province or territory of residence	1,216,425	599,545	616,875	3,215	1,575	1,645
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	2,132,415	1,014,385	1,118,030	17,195	7,570	9,630
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	254,245	131,955	122,290	1,385	700	685
Philippines	263,095	96,025	167,065	2,415	935	1,475
India	239,535	117,445	122,090	400	185	210
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	133,655	73,575	60,085	635	295	340
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	175,825	79,635	96,190	6,865	3,105	3,760
France	72,920	40,610	32,310	80	40	35
Other	993,135	475,145	517,990	5,420	2,310	3,120
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,585	84,450	39,660	44,785
In the labour force	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,645	48,845	25,110	23,735
Employed	17,230,040	8,923,540	8,306,490	45,755	23,595	22,155
Unemployed	1,442,435	808,285	634,150	3,090	1,515	1,580
Not in the labour force	9,970,545	4,258,605	5,711,945	35,605	14,555	21,055
Participation rate	65.2	69.6	61.0	57.8	63.3	53.0
Employment rate	60.2	63.8	56.7	54.2	59.5	49.5
Unemployment rate	7.7	8.3	7.1	6.3	6.0	6.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,580	84,450	39,665	44,785
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	9,282,005	3,930,570	5,351,440	34,230	14,085	20,155
Worked	19,361,010	10,059,865	9,301,150	50,220	25,580	24,635
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	9,626,010	5,402,110	4,223,895	21,870	12,230	9,640
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	9,735,005	4,657,755	5,077,245	28,350	13,355	14,995
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.4	42.9	42.0	41.3	42.2	40.3
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	18,672,470	9,731,825	8,940,640	48,845	25,115	23,735
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,705	206,640	1,260	625	635
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000	47,585	24,485	23,100
Employee	16,073,685	8,158,745	7,914,940	40,420	20,130	20,295
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	2,194,440	1,375,380	819,060	7,165	4,355	2,810
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	18,672,470	9,731,830	8,940,645	48,845	25,110	23,735
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,710	206,640	1,260	625	630
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	18,268,120	9,534,120	8,734,005	47,585	24,485	23,105
0 Management occupations	2,013,370	1,251,165	762,205	6,035	3,855	2,185
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,874,305	862,870	2,011,440	9,395	3,120	6,265
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,273,660	990,560	283,105	3,900	3,100	800
3 Health occupations	1,245,885	244,730	1,001,155	2,485	655	1,830
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,138,445	672,945	1,465,495	4,350	1,415	2,940
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	557,275	255,705	301,570	1,705	820	885
6 Sales and service occupations	4,265,895	1,843,510	2,422,390	14,370	6,960	7,415
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,668,875	2,504,290	164,585	3,925	3,715	210
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	416,135	331,920	84,215	290	185	105
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	814,285	576,435	237,845	1,125	660	460
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,640	48,845	25,110	23,730
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,710	206,640	1,260	625	630
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000	47,585	24,485	23,100
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	444,680	310,000	134,675	190	110	80
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	271,300	219,880	51,420	150	90	60
22 Utilities	136,350	100,135	36,210	200	140	60
23 Construction	1,365,010	1,196,550	168,455	2,330	1,970	355
31-33 Manufacturing	1,596,570	1,149,745	446,820	2,905	1,810	1,100
41 Wholesale trade	665,685	451,230	214,455	2,375	1,415	960
44-45 Retail trade	2,110,200	984,090	1,126,115	6,540	3,025	3,515
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	876,050	656,375	219,670	2,905	2,035	870
51 Information and cultural industries	420,350	243,650	176,705	1,225	745	480
52 Finance and insurance	790,580	327,865	462,715	3,450	1,575	1,875
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	333,305	184,350	148,955	1,885	1,040	845
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,335,125	740,520	594,605	4,890	2,840	2,050
55 Management of companies and enterprises	28,795	12,795	16,000	80	35	50
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	802,420	462,825	339,590	1,920	1,050	870
61 Educational services	1,346,585	420,845	925,735	3,250	1,135	2,125
62 Health care and social assistance	2,138,025	383,755	1,754,270	3,995	880	3,110
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	379,740	192,875	186,865	1,080	590	495
72 Accommodation and food services	1,283,725	535,210	748,515	4,760	2,360	2,400
81 Other services (except public administration)	814,695	371,880	442,815	1,985	870	1,120
91 Public administration	1,128,945	589,530	539,405	1,455	775	680
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	17,230,035	8,923,540	8,306,495	45,755	23,595	22,155
Worked at home	1,272,285	639,500	632,785	4,180	2,195	1,985
Worked outside Canada	78,815	54,235	24,580	1,270	920	350
No fixed workplace address	1,987,260	1,487,445	499,820	4,405	3,075	1,330
Worked at usual place	13,891,675	6,742,360	7,149,315	35,900	17,410	18,490
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	13,891,680	6,742,365	7,149,315	35,900	17,410	18,485
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	8,102,115	3,723,115	4,379,005	20,305	9,410	10,895
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,906,390	1,435,640	1,470,750	15,255	7,770	7,485
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,725,205	1,492,170	1,233,030	175	125	55
Commute to a different province or territory	157,970	91,445	66,525	165	110	50
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135	40,305	20,485	19,815
Car, truck, van - as a driver	11,748,095	6,380,120	5,367,975	26,935	15,160	11,775
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	868,920	349,855	519,065	2,415	605	1,810
Public transit	1,968,215	846,735	1,121,485	8,040	3,375	4,665
Walked	877,985	392,950	485,030	1,935	690	1,245
Bicycle	222,130	146,615	75,515	565	405	160
Other method	193,595	113,525	80,060	415	255	160
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	15,878,945	8,229,810	7,649,130	40,300	20,485	19,815
Less than 15 minutes	4,449,920	2,071,365	2,378,555	8,295	3,715	4,580
15 to 29 minutes	5,314,295	2,725,165	2,589,130	13,910	7,045	6,865
30 to 44 minutes	3,228,845	1,782,680	1,446,165	10,145	5,485	4,665
45 to 59 minutes	1,391,060	768,115	622,940	4,610	2,455	2,160
60 minutes and over	1,494,830	882,485	612,345	3,340	1,785	1,555
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135	40,300	20,485	19,815
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,073,680	781,230	292,455	1,590	980	615
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,814,750	1,754,045	1,060,710	4,455	2,590	1,865
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	4,458,835	2,217,210	2,241,620	8,950	4,450	4,500
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,349,975	1,408,710	1,941,265	10,150	4,755	5,390
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,756,265	752,940	1,003,325	9,060	4,405	4,655
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,425,435	1,315,670	1,109,765	6,095	3,310	2,785
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	19,956,255	10,342,970	9,613,285	52,440	26,710	25,735
Single responses	19,365,980	10,042,855	9,323,130	49,060	25,145	23,910
Official languages	19,090,545	9,897,470	9,193,075	41,680	21,295	20,390
English	15,265,335	7,952,010	7,313,320	41,615	21,270	20,350
French	3,825,215	1,945,465	1,879,750	70	30	40
Non-official languages	275,430	145,380	130,055	7,375	3,855	3,525
Aboriginal languages	24,950	12,385	12,565	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	14,440	7,370	7,070	0	0	0
Blackfoot	80	45	35	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	11,540	5,820	5,720	0	0	0
Atikamekw	1,095	580	515	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	2,055	970	1,085	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	370	180	190	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	40	25	10	0	0	0
Plains Cree	95	60	35	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	15	10	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	75	35	40	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	7,795	3,965	3,835	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	925	510	420	0	0	0
Malecite	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	915	505	410	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	1,895	995	900	0	0	0
Algonquin	45	20	25	0	0	0
Ojibway	765	380	385	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	1,080	595	485	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	1,140	530	610	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	1,135	525	610	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	20	0	15	0	0	0
Chilcotin	20	0	10	0	0	0
Dene	770	360	405	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	165	80	80	0	0	0
Gwich'in	10	10	10	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	135	65	70	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	95	45	45	0	0	0
South Slavey	35	20	20	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages	8,845	4,255	4,595	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	35	10	25	0	0	0
Inuktitut	8,800	4,240	4,555	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Cayuga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	35	10	25	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	10	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	110	25	85	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lillooet	15	10	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	20	10	20	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	35	0	30	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	15	0	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	260	155	105	0	0	0
Dakota	20	10	10	0	0	0
Stoney	240	145	95	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	10	10	10	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	25	0	20	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nisga'a	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	30	15	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	250,485	132,990	117,490	7,375	3,850	3,525
Afro-Asiatic languages	7,380	4,530	2,850	20	10	0
Berber languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Kabyle	20	0	20	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	15	10	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	275	105	170	0	0	0
Bilen	10	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	45	25	20	0	0	0
Somali	220	80	145	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	7,065	4,420	2,650	15	10	0
Amharic	200	95	100	0	0	0
Arabic	5,585	3,695	1,890	0	10	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	205	155	55	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	30	20	15	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	825	335	490	15	10	10
Maltese	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	135	70	60	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	8,550	3,790	4,760	25	20	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	475	230	245	0	0	0
Vietnamese	8,070	3,560	4,510	25	20	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	3,850	1,750	2,095	45	25	20
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	75	20	55	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	25	0	15	0	0	0
Ilocano	110	50	60	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	140	75	65	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	3,450	1,580	1,875	40	20	20
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	40	25	15	0	10	0
Creole languages	350	125	225	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	25	10	15	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	315	110	200	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	2,225	1,060	1,165	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	90	50	45	0	0	0
Tamil	2,090	1,005	1,080	0	0	0
Telugu	45	10	35	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	85,550	47,305	38,245	70	30	45
Albanian	350	220	125	0	0	0
Armenian	450	220	230	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10,075	4,745	5,330	15	10	10
Baltic languages	95	35	60	0	0	0
Latvian	40	10	25	0	0	0
Lithuanian	60	25	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages	9,980	4,710	5,270	20	10	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	155	90	65	0	0	0
Bulgarian	205	110	90	0	0	0
Croatian	220	130	95	0	0	0
Czech	70	40	30	0	0	0
Macedonian	95	45	55	0	0	0
Polish	2,500	1,265	1,235	0	0	0
Russian	4,850	2,135	2,720	20	10	10
Serbian	530	320	210	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	30	25	0	0	0	0
Slovak	100	60	40	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,210	485	725	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	15	15	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	13,285	7,455	5,835	0	0	0
Afrikaans	85	40	40	0	0	0
Danish	90	50	35	0	0	0
Dutch	1,165	630	540	0	0	0
Frisian	40	25	15	0	0	0
German	10,065	5,715	4,345	0	0	10
Icelandic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	65	30	40	0	0	0
Swedish	125	55	70	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	35	20	15	0	0	0
Yiddish	895	390	505	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	720	495	225	0	0	0
Greek	1,020	545	475	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	37,330	21,140	16,190	15	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages	32,485	18,125	14,360	10	0	0
Bengali	530	275	245	0	0	0
Gujarati	880	300	585	0	0	0
Hindi	1,405	755	650	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	10	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	15	15	0	0	0
Nepali	195	95	100	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	27,870	15,945	11,920	10	0	0
Sindhi	35	10	30	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	40	25	20	0	0	0
Urdu	1,495	705	790	0	0	0
Iranian languages	4,820	3,000	1,815	10	10	0
Kurdish	185	150	40	0	0	0
Pashto	50	20	25	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	4,580	2,830	1,750	10	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	23,025	12,965	10,060	35	10	25
Catalan	30	10	20	0	0	0
Italian	1,705	895	805	10	10	10
Portuguese	7,490	4,795	2,695	0	0	0
Romanian	745	365	380	0	0	0
Spanish	13,030	6,885	6,145	25	0	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	3,255	1,195	2,065	105	55	50
Kartvelian languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Georgian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Korean	12,150	6,260	5,885	40	20	15
Mongolic languages	10	10	0	10	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	10	0	0	10
Niger-Congo languages	235	120	115	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	25	10	20	0	0	0
Bamanankan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	20	10	10	0	0	0
Igbo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	0	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	25	0	15	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	80	50	30	0	0	0
Wolof	10	0	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	0	15	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	20	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	1,920	740	1,180	10	0	10
American Sign Language	1,145	340	810	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	135	15	115	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	640	390	255	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	122,880	65,030	57,850	7,065	3,695	3,375
Chinese languages	122,610	64,880	57,730	7,055	3,685	3,370
Cantonese	58,815	30,485	28,340	3,015	1,455	1,560
Hakka	70	25	45	0	0	0
Mandarin	60,090	32,430	27,665	3,905	2,150	1,750
Min Dong	25	15	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	565	335	225	10	10	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	105	65	45	10	10	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	2,930	1,530	1,405	120	60	55
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	270	155	115	10	10	0
Burmese	75	35	35	10	0	10
Karenic languages	135	75	55	0	0	0
Tibetan	50	30	20	0	10	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	675	270	405	0	0	0
Lao	150	70	80	0	0	0
Thai	525	205	325	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	750	475	275	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	30	20	0	0	0	0
Turkish	685	435	255	0	0	0
Uyghur	15	15	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	15	10	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	595	270	325	0	0	0
Estonian	50	15	40	0	0	0
Finnish	105	40	65	0	0	0
Hungarian	435	225	215	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	80	45	35	0	0	0
Multiple responses	590,270	300,115	290,155	3,385	1,560	1,825
English and French	412,680	211,095	201,585	95	40	50
English and non-official language	154,285	77,870	76,420	3,270	1,515	1,755
French and non-official language	7,830	3,595	4,235	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15,475	7,565	7,915	20	0	15
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	19,956,250	10,342,970	9,613,290	52,440	26,710	25,735
None	17,456,725	9,056,235	8,400,490	41,835	21,680	20,155
English	1,259,225	661,460	597,765	2,930	1,435	1,490
French	705,780	349,035	356,745	220	100	115
Non-official language	496,565	257,455	239,105	7,210	3,355	3,855
Aboriginal	37,615	17,215	20,400	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	458,945	240,245	218,710	7,210	3,355	3,855
English and French	2,535	1,200	1,335	0	0	0
English and non-official language	18,040	8,765	9,280	210	120	90
French and non-official language	17,265	8,730	8,540	35	15	20
English, French and non-official language	115	90	30	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	34,091,785	16,783,745	17,308,035	96,635	45,850	50,780
Non-movers	29,644,795	14,593,190	15,051,605	80,075	37,735	42,335
Movers	4,446,990	2,190,555	2,256,435	16,565	8,115	8,445
Non-migrants	2,623,515	1,292,750	1,330,760	9,865	4,775	5,095
Migrants	1,823,475	897,805	925,670	6,695	3,340	3,360
Internal migrants	1,451,005	713,060	737,945	3,575	1,765	1,815
Intraprovincial migrants	1,189,525	580,895	608,630	2,870	1,365	1,510
Interprovincial migrants	261,475	132,160	129,315	705	395	305
External migrants	372,475	184,745	187,730	3,120	1,580	1,545
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	32,568,560	16,004,315	16,564,245	93,185	44,140	49,045
Non-movers	20,134,760	9,902,645	10,232,115	53,765	25,395	28,370
Movers	12,433,805	6,101,675	6,332,130	39,415	18,745	20,675
Non-migrants	6,755,630	3,314,730	3,440,905	21,565	10,310	11,255
Migrants	5,678,175	2,786,945	2,891,230	17,855	8,430	9,425
Internal migrants	4,296,720	2,104,325	2,192,395	7,240	3,505	3,735
Intraprovincial migrants	3,467,670	1,689,950	1,777,720	5,760	2,705	3,050
Interprovincial migrants	829,045	414,375	414,670	1,480	795	680
External migrants	1,381,460	682,625	698,835	10,620	4,925	5,690