Census Profile, 2016 Census
Canada [Country] and Victoria [Federal electoral district], British Columbia

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Canada [Country]			Victoria British Columbia [Federal electoral district]
	Data quality , Canada [Country]  Map : Canada [Country] Change geography 1			Data quality : Victoria [Federal electoral district], British Columbia  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	35,151,728	...	...	117,133	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	33,476,688	...	...	110,942	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	5.0	...	...	5.6	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	15,412,443	...	...	63,476	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	14,072,079	...	...	59,163	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	3.9	...	...	2,907.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	8,965,588.85	...	...	40.28	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	35,151,730	17,264,200	17,887,530	117,135	55,220	61,915
0 to 14 years	5,839,565	2,992,920	2,846,645	12,115	6,005	6,110
0 to 4 years	1,898,790	973,030	925,760	4,100	2,025	2,075
5 to 9 years	2,018,130	1,034,685	983,445	4,060	2,015	2,045
10 to 14 years	1,922,645	985,200	937,445	3,955	1,965	1,995
15 to 64 years	23,376,530	11,576,130	11,800,400	78,435	37,775	40,660
15 to 19 years	2,026,160	1,039,215	986,940	4,580	2,165	2,415
20 to 24 years	2,242,690	1,144,495	1,098,200	8,905	4,170	4,730
25 to 29 years	2,285,990	1,144,470	1,141,515	10,170	4,950	5,220
30 to 34 years	2,329,395	1,148,290	1,181,110	9,115	4,600	4,515
35 to 39 years	2,288,365	1,118,635	1,169,730	7,595	3,795	3,795
40 to 44 years	2,255,135	1,104,440	1,150,695	6,690	3,295	3,395
45 to 49 years	2,359,965	1,157,760	1,202,210	6,965	3,385	3,580
50 to 54 years	2,678,075	1,318,755	1,359,320	7,560	3,635	3,925
55 to 59 years	2,620,240	1,285,190	1,335,055	8,205	3,850	4,355
60 to 64 years	2,290,510	1,114,885	1,175,630	8,650	3,915	4,730
65 years and over	5,935,630	2,695,150	3,240,485	26,585	11,440	15,140
65 to 69 years	1,972,480	953,075	1,019,405	8,530	3,950	4,580
70 to 74 years	1,420,875	677,975	742,900	5,875	2,760	3,115
75 to 79 years	1,021,850	469,550	552,300	4,055	1,825	2,230
80 to 84 years	749,650	325,765	423,880	3,230	1,350	1,880
85 years and over	770,780	268,790	501,990	4,895	1,560	3,330
85 to 89 years	482,525	185,535	296,990	2,650	970	1,675
90 to 94 years	223,510	68,675	154,835	1,660	470	1,190
95 to 99 years	56,525	13,240	43,280	495	110	390
100 years and over	8,230	1,340	6,890	90	15	80
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.3	15.9	10.3	10.9	9.9
15 to 64 years	66.5	67.1	66.0	67.0	68.4	65.7
65 years and over	16.9	15.6	18.1	22.7	20.7	24.5
85 years and over	2.2	1.6	2.8	4.2	2.8	5.4
Average age of the population	41.0	40.1	41.9	45.1	43.8	46.2
Median age of the population	41.2	40.2	42.2	44.5	42.8	46.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	14,072,080	...	...	59,160	...	...
Single-detached house	7,541,495	...	...	14,270	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,391,040	...	...	8,510	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	4,949,795	...	...	36,370	...	...
Semi-detached house	698,800	...	...	1,350	...	...
Row house	891,305	...	...	2,580	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	784,300	...	...	5,980	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,539,390	...	...	26,350	...	...
Other single-attached house	36,005	...	...	105	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	189,755	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	14,072,080	...	...	59,160	...	...
1 person	3,969,790	...	...	26,220	...	...
2 persons	4,834,605	...	...	21,080	...	...
3 persons	2,140,640	...	...	6,060	...	...
4 persons	1,946,275	...	...	4,060	...	...
5 or more persons	1,180,770	...	...	1,745	...	...
Number of persons in private households	34,460,060	...	...	112,245	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	1.9	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	29,312,160	14,271,280	15,040,885	105,015	49,215	55,800
Married or living common law	16,893,720	8,452,135	8,441,585	51,000	25,410	25,590
Married	13,383,455	6,693,465	6,689,990	38,435	19,120	19,315
Living common law	3,510,265	1,758,670	1,751,590	12,565	6,290	6,275
Not married and not living common law	12,418,440	5,819,140	6,599,300	54,015	23,805	30,210
Never married	8,254,340	4,444,425	3,809,915	33,880	17,450	16,430
Separated	718,295	309,905	408,400	3,185	1,435	1,750
Divorced	1,816,005	725,535	1,090,470	10,395	3,650	6,740
Widowed	1,629,800	339,280	1,290,525	6,560	1,270	5,290
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	9,840,730	...	...	28,980	...	...
2 persons	5,007,790	...	...	19,105	...	...
3 persons	2,107,830	...	...	5,155	...	...
4 persons	1,909,935	...	...	3,715	...	...
5 or more persons	815,170	...	...	1,010	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	9,840,730	...	...	28,985	...	...
Total couple families	8,227,925	...	...	24,555	...	...
Married couples	6,474,005	...	...	18,275	...	...
Common-law couples	1,753,920	...	...	6,280	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,612,805	...	...	4,425	...	...
Female parent	1,262,340	...	...	3,560	...	...
Male parent	350,465	...	...	870	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	8,227,925	...	...	24,555	...	...
Couples without children	4,024,305	...	...	15,940	...	...
Couples with children	4,203,615	...	...	8,615	...	...
1 child	1,650,165	...	...	4,110	...	...
2 children	1,783,080	...	...	3,530	...	...
3 or more children	770,375	...	...	975	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,612,805	...	...	4,425	...	...
1 child	983,485	...	...	3,165	...	...
2 children	457,670	...	...	1,040	...	...
3 or more children	171,655	...	...	220	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	6,107,260	2,941,395	3,165,865	38,425	17,280	21,140
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	14,072,075	...	...	59,160	...	...
One-census-family households	9,218,225	...	...	28,205	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	3,782,095	...	...	15,545	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	5,436,135	...	...	12,665	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	301,715	...	...	385	...	...
Non-census-family households	4,552,135	...	...	30,570	...	...
One-person households	3,969,790	...	...	26,215	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	582,350	...	...	4,355	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,080	113,935	53,800	60,135
English only	23,757,525	11,838,075	11,919,455	97,735	46,795	50,945
French only	4,144,685	1,925,845	2,218,840	35	20	20
English and French	6,216,065	3,071,325	3,144,740	15,220	6,575	8,650
Neither English nor French	648,970	265,920	383,045	940	415	525
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085	113,940	53,800	60,140
English	26,007,500	12,852,330	13,155,165	110,690	52,325	58,365
French	7,705,755	3,780,105	3,925,650	1,970	915	1,055
English and French	417,485	209,130	208,355	365	160	210
Neither English nor French	636,515	259,600	376,910	910	395	510
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	7,914,495	3,884,670	4,029,825	2,155	995	1,160
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	22.8	22.7	22.8	1.9	1.8	1.9
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,085	113,940	53,800	60,140
Single responses	33,948,620	16,702,840	17,245,775	112,055	52,935	59,125
Official languages	26,627,555	13,201,620	13,425,940	95,960	46,000	49,960
English	19,460,850	9,680,125	9,780,725	93,960	45,070	48,895
French	7,166,705	3,521,495	3,645,215	2,000	930	1,065
Non-official languages	7,321,065	3,501,220	3,819,840	16,095	6,930	9,165
Aboriginal languages	195,700	94,795	100,900	45	15	30
Algonquian languages	130,450	62,930	67,520	10	5	5
Blackfoot	2,815	1,325	1,490	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	88,445	42,920	45,530	10	5	5
Atikamekw	6,150	3,135	3,015	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	10,230	4,885	5,350	0	0	0
Moose Cree	100	50	55	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,205	590	620	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	315	125	190	0	0	0
Plains Cree	3,065	1,360	1,710	5	5	5
Southern East Cree	45	20	25	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	1,440	585	850	0	0	0
Woods Cree	1,840	865	975	5	0	5
Cree, n.o.s.	64,050	31,305	32,745	0	5	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	6,990	3,310	3,680	0	0	0
Malecite	305	140	160	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	6,690	3,170	3,520	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	32,150	15,350	16,800	5	0	5
Algonquin	1,260	590	670	0	0	0
Ojibway	17,890	8,440	9,450	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	12,855	6,260	6,595	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	150	65	85	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	45	25	20	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	17,365	8,325	9,045	5	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	17,315	8,310	9,010	5	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	110	55	60	0	0	0
Beaver	190	85	105	0	0	0
Carrier	1,025	465	565	0	5	0
Chilcotin	660	295	360	5	0	0
Dene	10,700	5,185	5,515	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	1,645	840	815	0	0	0
Gwich'in	260	110	145	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	80	25	50	0	0	0
Sekani	90	45	45	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	1,995	950	1,045	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	765	365	400	0	0	0
South Slavey	945	455	495	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	280	130	150	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	270	135	140	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	180	90	90	0	0	0
Tahltan	95	40	50	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	290	120	170	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	215	90	135	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	70	30	40	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	50	20	35	0	0	0
Haida	75	35	40	0	0	0
Inuit languages	36,545	18,100	18,445	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,025	445	575	0	0	0
Inuktitut	35,215	17,530	17,680	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	315	125	185	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	1,115	485	635	0	0	0
Cayuga	45	20	20	0	0	0
Mohawk	980	430	555	0	0	0
Oneida	55	20	40	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	35	15	20	0	0	0
Kutenai	105	55	55	0	0	0
Michif	465	230	235	0	0	0
Salish languages	2,305	1,130	1,180	10	5	5
Comox	80	45	40	0	0	0
Halkomelem	475	225	245	0	0	5
Lillooet	315	155	155	0	0	5
Okanagan	270	135	135	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	445	225	220	0	0	0
Squamish	40	20	20	0	0	0
Straits	80	40	40	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	335	150	185	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	255	135	125	10	0	5
Siouan languages	4,285	2,070	2,220	0	0	0
Dakota	1,215	570	635	0	0	0
Stoney	3,025	1,465	1,555	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	55	30	25	0	0	0
Tlingit	95	40	55	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	1,480	730	755	5	0	5
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	880	435	445	0	0	0
Nisga'a	400	200	200	0	0	5
Tsimshian	200	90	110	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	805	370	435	15	5	10
Haisla	90	40	50	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	95	40	55	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	325	145	185	0	0	5
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	285	135	140	10	0	10
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	585	295	295	5	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	7,125,365	3,406,425	3,718,945	16,050	6,915	9,130
Afro-Asiatic languages	575,365	298,060	277,300	830	450	380
Berber languages	22,135	11,865	10,270	5	0	5
Kabyle	13,150	6,995	6,155	5	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	8,985	4,865	4,115	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	42,885	20,095	22,790	40	20	20
Bilen	805	455	350	0	0	0
Oromo	4,960	2,560	2,400	15	5	10
Somali	36,755	16,895	19,865	25	15	15
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	365	195	170	0	0	0
Semitic languages	509,190	265,465	243,725	785	430	355
Amharic	22,465	10,720	11,745	55	20	35
Arabic	419,890	220,785	199,105	630	355	275
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	16,070	7,910	8,160	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5,545	2,780	2,770	0	0	0
Harari	1,320	635	685	0	0	0
Hebrew	19,530	10,480	9,045	60	35	25
Maltese	5,565	2,765	2,800	5	0	0
Tigrigna	16,650	8,310	8,340	35	10	20
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	2,155	1,085	1,070	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	1,155	635	520	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	176,725	81,810	94,920	290	120	170
Khmer (Cambodian)	20,130	9,270	10,860	35	20	15
Vietnamese	156,425	72,470	83,955	250	105	150
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	170	65	100	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	511,480	211,580	299,900	1,420	515	905
Bikol	1,790	790	1,000	5	0	5
Cebuano	19,890	7,930	11,960	90	35	55
Fijian	745	400	345	5	0	0
Hiligaynon	6,885	2,680	4,205	15	10	10
Ilocano	26,345	10,620	15,720	80	30	50
Malagasy	1,430	665	760	0	0	0
Malay	12,275	5,255	7,020	40	15	30
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	4,040	1,865	2,175	5	0	0
Pangasinan	1,390	590	800	5	0	5
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	431,380	178,575	252,810	1,160	420	745
Waray-Waray	1,110	430	675	5	5	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	4,195	1,770	2,425	10	0	5
Creole languages	72,125	32,310	39,820	20	10	10
Haitian Creole	3,030	1,445	1,590	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	64,105	28,455	35,660	10	10	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	4,985	2,410	2,575	5	0	5
Dravidian languages	189,405	94,765	94,640	125	70	60
Kannada	3,970	2,040	1,935	10	5	0
Malayalam	28,570	14,770	13,800	45	25	20
Tamil	140,720	69,080	71,640	40	20	25
Telugu	15,655	8,640	7,020	30	15	15
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	490	240	250	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	795	395	405	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,877,330	1,889,400	1,987,930	7,430	3,325	4,110
Albanian	26,890	13,610	13,285	50	30	20
Armenian	33,455	16,270	17,185	15	10	5
Balto-Slavic languages	701,975	323,640	378,340	1,600	665	935
Baltic languages	12,530	5,315	7,215	45	20	25
Latvian	5,455	2,350	3,105	25	10	10
Lithuanian	7,075	2,965	4,115	20	5	10
Slavic languages	689,450	318,325	371,115	1,555	640	915
Belarusan	810	385	430	5	5	0
Bosnian	12,210	6,035	6,180	10	5	10
Bulgarian	20,025	9,675	10,345	55	25	30
Croatian	48,200	23,540	24,665	115	55	60
Czech	22,290	10,525	11,765	140	50	90
Macedonian	16,775	8,050	8,725	10	0	5
Polish	181,710	82,435	99,275	400	170	230
Russian	188,255	85,400	102,855	430	175	250
Serbian	57,350	28,535	28,815	70	30	40
Serbo-Croatian	9,555	4,565	4,985	35	15	20
Slovak	17,580	8,075	9,510	50	25	25
Slovene (Slovenian)	9,790	4,415	5,370	25	10	10
Ukrainian	102,485	45,440	57,040	210	75	135
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	2,415	1,255	1,165	10	10	5
Celtic languages	2,690	1,335	1,360	30	10	20
Scottish Gaelic	1,090	540	550	10	5	5
Welsh	1,075	495	575	15	5	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	530	295	235	5	0	5
Germanic languages	538,765	258,410	280,350	2,365	1,020	1,350
Afrikaans	10,265	5,115	5,145	60	30	30
Danish	12,630	6,245	6,390	135	65	75
Dutch	99,020	48,200	50,820	550	245	300
Frisian	2,100	1,095	1,005	5	0	5
German	384,035	183,215	200,820	1,430	600	825
Icelandic	1,285	600	685	10	5	5
Norwegian	4,615	2,170	2,445	65	35	30
Swedish	6,840	3,015	3,825	80	30	50
Vlaams (Flemish)	3,895	1,730	2,165	10	0	10
Yiddish	13,555	6,750	6,800	25	10	15
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	525	280	240	5	0	0
Greek	106,525	53,350	53,170	115	60	50
Indo-Iranian languages	1,312,750	664,120	648,630	1,340	660	675
Indo-Aryan languages	1,064,760	538,530	526,235	885	435	445
Bengali	73,125	37,410	35,720	60	25	30
Gujarati	108,780	55,105	53,670	55	30	25
Hindi	110,640	55,880	54,765	160	90	75
Kashmiri	565	300	265	0	0	0
Konkani	3,330	1,625	1,710	0	0	0
Marathi	8,295	4,300	3,995	5	0	5
Nepali	18,275	9,230	9,045	30	15	15
Oriya (Odia)	1,055	560	495	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	501,680	253,515	248,160	410	185	235
Sindhi	11,860	5,605	6,260	30	20	15
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	16,335	8,050	8,285	30	15	15
Urdu	210,815	106,960	103,860	110	65	45
Iranian languages	242,805	122,835	119,970	440	220	220
Kurdish	11,705	6,345	5,355	5	0	5
Pashto	16,910	8,760	8,145	15	10	5
Persian (Farsi)	214,200	107,725	106,470	415	205	215
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5,180	2,755	2,425	20	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages	1,154,270	558,660	595,615	1,920	870	1,050
Catalan	865	440	425	5	5	5
Italian	375,635	184,415	191,220	300	135	165
Portuguese	221,540	106,630	114,910	360	165	190
Romanian	96,665	46,195	50,470	115	55	60
Spanish	458,850	220,605	238,245	1,135	510	630
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	720	380	340	0	0	0
Japanese	43,640	14,790	28,855	650	170	480
Kartvelian languages	1,715	910	805	0	0	0
Georgian	1,715	910	805	5	0	0
Korean	153,425	70,310	83,115	660	255	405
Mongolic languages	1,575	690	885	0	0	0
Mongolian	1,575	690	880	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	91,375	45,075	46,305	105	45	55
Akan (Twi)	13,455	6,490	6,970	10	5	5
Bamanankan	1,535	815	720	0	0	0
Edo	1,670	770	900	0	0	0
Ewe	1,760	950	805	5	0	5
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	2,825	1,495	1,335	5	0	0
Ga	920	445	470	0	0	0
Ganda	1,295	625	665	5	0	0
Igbo	4,235	2,265	1,970	5	0	5
Lingala	3,810	1,785	2,025	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5,845	2,785	3,060	5	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5,250	2,355	2,895	15	10	5
Shona	3,180	1,520	1,665	10	5	5
Swahili	13,370	6,385	6,990	15	5	10
Wolof	3,990	2,170	1,820	5	0	0
Yoruba	9,085	4,785	4,300	5	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	19,135	9,435	9,695	30	10	20
Nilo-Saharan languages	5,870	3,025	2,845	5	5	0
Dinka	2,120	1,115	1,000	0	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	3,755	1,910	1,840	5	0	0
Sign languages	7,500	3,925	3,575	30	15	20
American Sign Language	2,685	1,320	1,360	15	5	10
Quebec Sign Language	695	340	355	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	4,120	2,265	1,860	15	5	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,269,215	589,570	679,645	3,935	1,705	2,225
Chinese languages	1,253,360	581,650	671,715	3,920	1,695	2,225
Cantonese	565,270	262,865	302,405	1,545	690	860
Hakka	10,910	4,900	6,015	5	5	5
Mandarin	592,040	274,630	317,410	2,080	880	1,200
Min Dong	1,230	580	650	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	31,795	14,450	17,350	55	25	35
Wu (Shanghainese)	12,915	5,780	7,140	40	15	25
Chinese, n.o.s.	38,580	18,165	20,410	180	80	100
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	610	275	335	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	15,850	7,925	7,935	20	10	10
Burmese	3,585	1,795	1,790	10	10	5
Karenic languages	4,705	2,355	2,350	0	0	5
Tibetan	6,165	3,080	3,080	5	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	1,400	695	705	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	22,010	8,870	13,145	125	35	90
Lao	12,670	6,145	6,525	5	0	5
Thai	9,255	2,690	6,565	120	35	90
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	80	35	55	0	0	5
Turkic languages	40,140	21,120	19,025	90	45	40
Azerbaijani	3,260	1,785	1,470	10	5	5
Turkish	32,815	17,375	15,440	80	40	40
Uyghur	1,035	510	525	0	0	0
Uzbek	1,715	855	865	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	1,315	590	720	0	0	0
Uralic languages	81,985	37,790	44,195	330	145	190
Estonian	5,445	2,325	3,115	20	5	15
Finnish	15,295	6,395	8,900	75	20	50
Hungarian	61,235	29,060	32,175	240	115	125
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	3,690	2,045	1,645	5	5	0
Multiple responses	818,635	398,325	420,305	1,885	870	1,015
English and French	165,320	80,460	84,860	385	160	225
English and non-official language	533,265	259,160	274,100	1,385	650	730
French and non-official language	86,150	42,170	43,985	65	35	30
English, French and non-official language	33,900	16,535	17,365	50	20	35
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085	113,935	53,800	60,140
Single responses	33,103,860	16,298,475	16,805,395	110,885	52,420	58,460
Official languages	29,106,670	14,383,020	14,723,645	104,515	49,580	54,935
English	22,162,865	10,966,135	11,196,730	103,940	49,305	54,640
French	6,943,800	3,416,890	3,526,910	570	275	300
Non-official languages	3,997,195	1,915,450	2,081,750	6,370	2,845	3,525
Aboriginal languages	118,470	59,720	58,750	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	75,080	37,825	37,260	0	0	0
Blackfoot	1,115	555	555	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	55,825	28,135	27,685	0	0	0
Atikamekw	5,465	2,825	2,640	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	8,590	4,195	4,395	0	0	0
Moose Cree	10	5	5	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,200	595	605	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	110	55	60	0	0	0
Plains Cree	1,350	665	685	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	20	5	15	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	330	140	190	0	0	0
Woods Cree	800	410	390	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	37,945	19,240	18,710	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	3,615	1,795	1,820	0	0	0
Malecite	55	30	30	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	3,560	1,770	1,795	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	14,525	7,335	7,190	0	0	0
Algonquin	370	170	200	0	0	0
Ojibway	6,175	3,165	3,015	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	7,900	3,960	3,940	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	75	40	35	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10,265	5,125	5,135	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10,255	5,120	5,135	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Beaver	50	30	20	0	0	0
Carrier	245	115	130	0	0	0
Chilcotin	255	125	130	0	0	0
Dene	7,710	3,805	3,905	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	1,020	550	475	0	0	0
Gwich'in	45	25	25	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sekani	15	10	5	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	820	425	395	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	340	180	155	0	0	0
South Slavey	370	190	185	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	105	55	55	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	25	10	10	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	5	5	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	25	15	10	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	10	0	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Haida	10	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	29,490	14,995	14,495	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	165	75	90	0	0	0
Inuktitut	29,230	14,885	14,345	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	90	40	55	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	285	135	155	0	0	0
Cayuga	10	0	5	0	0	0
Mohawk	255	115	140	0	0	0
Oneida	15	5	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kutenai	15	10	5	0	0	0
Michif	85	40	45	0	0	0
Salish languages	285	130	150	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	45	20	25	0	0	0
Lillooet	25	15	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	85	35	45	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	55	30	20	0	0	0
Squamish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Straits	20	10	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages	2,225	1,085	1,140	0	0	0
Dakota	255	140	120	0	0	0
Stoney	1,950	940	1,010	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Tlingit	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	410	210	190	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	315	155	155	0	0	0
Nisga'a	70	40	30	0	0	0
Tsimshian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	75	45	35	0	0	0
Haisla	20	10	15	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	235	110	125	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,878,725	1,855,730	2,022,995	6,365	2,845	3,520
Afro-Asiatic languages	307,755	153,275	154,480	430	210	220
Berber languages	8,105	4,215	3,895	0	5	0
Kabyle	5,490	2,855	2,640	5	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	2,620	1,365	1,260	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	27,095	12,455	14,640	20	5	15
Bilen	620	330	285	0	0	0
Oromo	3,410	1,700	1,710	5	5	5
Somali	22,895	10,340	12,555	20	5	10
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	185	85	95	0	0	0
Semitic languages	272,100	136,390	135,720	400	200	205
Amharic	12,780	6,010	6,770	15	5	10
Arabic	223,540	112,690	110,850	330	170	160
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10,510	5,090	5,425	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	3,445	1,695	1,750	0	0	0
Harari	735	335	400	0	0	0
Hebrew	8,560	4,425	4,135	30	10	20
Maltese	1,130	525	605	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10,205	5,040	5,170	30	10	15
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	1,200	585	620	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	440	215	230	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	115,210	53,500	61,710	125	55	70
Khmer (Cambodian)	10,880	4,940	5,945	10	5	5
Vietnamese	104,245	48,525	55,725	110	50	65
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	85	40	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	239,785	108,110	131,680	600	255	340
Bikol	290	140	155	0	0	0
Cebuano	7,210	3,325	3,880	20	5	15
Fijian	195	105	90	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	2,205	970	1,240	5	0	5
Ilocano	9,125	4,045	5,080	20	10	10
Malagasy	435	220	210	0	0	0
Malay	3,620	1,710	1,910	5	5	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,200	565	630	0	0	0
Pangasinan	240	110	135	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	213,790	96,235	117,555	545	235	310
Waray-Waray	310	135	170	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,160	545	620	0	0	5
Creole languages	27,860	12,005	15,850	0	0	5
Haitian Creole	1,280	575	705	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	24,575	10,510	14,060	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	2,005	920	1,085	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	122,490	59,780	62,710	50	25	25
Kannada	1,630	825	800	0	0	0
Malayalam	15,440	7,865	7,575	20	5	10
Tamil	96,955	46,570	50,385	15	10	10
Telugu	8,280	4,430	3,850	10	5	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	190	85	105	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	340	160	180	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,911,215	927,225	983,985	1,860	860	1,005
Albanian	13,135	6,575	6,560	40	20	20
Armenian	21,505	10,165	11,345	5	0	5
Balto-Slavic languages	314,965	149,315	165,650	425	190	230
Baltic languages	3,275	1,400	1,870	0	0	0
Latvian	1,255	530	725	0	0	0
Lithuanian	2,020	870	1,150	0	0	0
Slavic languages	311,690	147,910	163,780	425	195	230
Belarusan	230	105	120	0	0	0
Bosnian	6,045	3,010	3,040	0	0	0
Bulgarian	11,985	5,835	6,150	25	15	15
Croatian	16,775	7,980	8,795	30	10	20
Czech	6,235	3,060	3,180	30	10	15
Macedonian	6,830	3,250	3,580	5	5	0
Polish	74,780	34,910	39,870	100	50	50
Russian	116,595	55,175	61,425	165	75	90
Serbian	31,750	15,665	16,085	25	10	20
Serbo-Croatian	3,885	1,865	2,020	5	0	0
Slovak	5,615	2,685	2,920	10	5	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	2,050	905	1,145	0	0	0
Ukrainian	28,250	13,150	15,100	30	15	20
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	670	310	360	0	0	0
Celtic languages	360	205	155	5	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	185	105	80	5	5	0
Welsh	95	50	45	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	80	50	30	0	0	0
Germanic languages	146,455	71,835	74,615	245	115	135
Afrikaans	4,790	2,355	2,435	20	10	10
Danish	855	410	445	5	0	5
Dutch	9,565	4,630	4,935	30	15	20
Frisian	185	95	90	0	0	0
German	120,335	58,905	61,435	180	90	90
Icelandic	270	120	150	0	0	0
Norwegian	345	145	200	10	5	10
Swedish	1,045	500	545	5	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	355	170	185	0	0	0
Yiddish	7,080	3,695	3,385	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	1,625	820	810	0	0	0
Greek	44,545	21,110	23,440	15	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages	838,755	416,960	421,795	505	245	260
Indo-Aryan languages	676,185	337,440	338,745	275	135	140
Bengali	47,350	23,585	23,765	25	10	15
Gujarati	64,150	31,740	32,405	10	5	5
Hindi	55,510	27,805	27,710	35	15	20
Kashmiri	135	70	70	0	0	0
Konkani	720	355	370	0	0	0
Marathi	3,780	1,940	1,840	5	0	0
Nepali	13,375	6,710	6,670	15	10	10
Oriya (Odia)	470	235	240	5	5	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	349,145	174,905	174,240	110	55	60
Sindhi	4,975	2,280	2,695	10	5	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	7,790	3,860	3,925	10	5	5
Urdu	128,785	63,965	64,820	55	25	25
Iranian languages	160,195	78,310	81,880	225	105	120
Kurdish	6,580	3,400	3,175	0	0	0
Pashto	10,590	5,305	5,290	20	10	10
Persian (Farsi)	143,020	69,600	73,425	210	95	110
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	2,375	1,215	1,160	5	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	531,485	251,050	280,440	620	275	350
Catalan	355	165	190	0	0	0
Italian	115,415	49,975	65,440	55	15	35
Portuguese	98,710	46,915	51,795	120	55	65
Romanian	53,320	25,795	27,525	45	15	25
Spanish	263,510	128,110	135,400	400	180	220
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	180	85	95	0	0	0
Japanese	19,785	8,265	11,515	240	90	150
Kartvelian languages	1,040	565	475	0	0	0
Georgian	1,035	565	475	5	0	5
Korean	109,705	51,385	58,320	390	165	220
Mongolic languages	910	440	470	0	0	0
Mongolian	910	435	470	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	28,665	13,340	15,320	35	15	20
Akan (Twi)	5,990	2,695	3,295	0	0	0
Bamanankan	340	180	160	0	0	0
Edo	415	175	240	0	0	0
Ewe	410	185	225	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	825	400	425	0	0	0
Ga	250	105	140	0	0	0
Ganda	345	160	185	0	0	0
Igbo	1,000	485	510	5	0	5
Lingala	1,045	455	590	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	2,110	990	1,115	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	1,530	670	865	10	5	5
Shona	1,035	475	560	15	5	10
Swahili	5,370	2,500	2,870	5	0	5
Wolof	1,380	745	635	0	0	0
Yoruba	2,615	1,275	1,340	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	4,010	1,850	2,160	10	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	2,650	1,305	1,350	0	0	0
Dinka	1,130	580	550	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	1,525	730	800	0	0	0
Sign languages	10,445	5,870	4,570	40	20	20
American Sign Language	3,015	1,560	1,460	15	10	5
Quebec Sign Language	730	375	355	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	6,690	3,935	2,755	25	15	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	924,720	433,530	491,190	2,465	1,090	1,375
Chinese languages	913,365	427,860	485,505	2,455	1,080	1,375
Cantonese	400,215	184,340	215,885	860	390	470
Hakka	4,080	1,820	2,265	0	0	0
Mandarin	462,890	220,075	242,815	1,455	630	830
Min Dong	345	150	195	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	13,965	6,345	7,625	10	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	7,650	3,580	4,075	25	10	15
Chinese, n.o.s.	23,935	11,440	12,500	95	40	55
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	280	130	150	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	11,350	5,670	5,680	10	5	0
Burmese	2,245	1,115	1,125	5	5	0
Karenic languages	3,865	1,935	1,930	0	0	0
Tibetan	4,590	2,305	2,280	0	5	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	655	305	345	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	9,565	4,455	5,110	45	15	30
Lao	6,175	2,995	3,180	0	0	0
Thai	3,360	1,450	1,915	50	15	30
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	30	15	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages	22,250	11,205	11,045	30	15	15
Azerbaijani	1,245	640	610	5	0	5
Turkish	18,955	9,525	9,430	25	10	15
Uyghur	610	315	290	0	0	0
Uzbek	990	505	490	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	455	230	225	0	0	0
Uralic languages	23,245	10,715	12,535	65	30	35
Estonian	975	365	610	5	0	5
Finnish	2,790	1,220	1,565	5	0	5
Hungarian	19,485	9,125	10,355	55	25	25
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	1,110	605	500	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,663,390	802,695	860,690	3,055	1,375	1,680
English and French	160,185	77,940	82,235	245	105	145
English and non-official language	1,284,975	620,375	664,600	2,705	1,220	1,490
French and non-official language	148,915	70,915	78,000	25	10	10
English, French and non-official language	69,315	33,465	35,850	75	40	40
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	34,767,255	17,101,165	17,666,080	113,935	53,800	60,140
None	29,615,245	14,612,175	15,003,065	102,865	49,035	53,830
English	2,109,340	1,045,215	1,064,120	2,990	1,350	1,645
French	731,095	342,245	388,855	1,760	730	1,035
Non-official language	2,151,690	1,023,940	1,127,750	6,040	2,560	3,485
Aboriginal	90,740	42,890	47,850	70	30	45
Non-Aboriginal	2,060,945	981,055	1,079,895	5,970	2,535	3,440
English and French	47,970	23,785	24,190	30	10	20
English and non-official language	61,075	30,045	31,030	85	45	40
French and non-official language	48,755	22,690	26,065	155	65	90
English, French and non-official language	2,080	1,075	1,010	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,355	100,170	47,050	53,120
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,190	97,685	45,875	51,805
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,204	40,782	28,860	35,738	39,684	32,753
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175	97,780	45,960	51,820
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,866	35,933	26,621	31,876	34,696	29,613
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	24,583,315	12,296,595	12,286,725	90,285	42,370	47,915
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,762	39,925	26,613	33,640	38,628	29,629
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	19,743,240	8,755,815	10,987,430	70,905	30,800	40,105
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,453	4,199	6,136	3,847	2,757	4,334
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	20,428,685	10,547,760	9,880,925	72,800	35,250	37,550
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,684	39,836	28,474	30,583	34,003	27,500
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	100,005	46,965	53,045
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,489,395	13,441,555	14,047,845	97,555	45,830	51,720
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,487	56,740	38,632	49,513	57,449	42,480
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,500,230	13,446,230	14,053,995	97,645	45,915	51,730
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,977	45,404	32,828	40,686	45,690	36,244
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	24,584,065	12,295,015	12,289,055	90,365	42,485	47,880
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,885	56,803	36,962	48,128	57,247	40,036
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	19,742,130	8,752,070	10,990,060	70,670	30,550	40,120
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,738	7,345	8,050	6,806	6,575	6,981
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	20,428,670	10,542,540	9,886,130	72,775	35,555	37,220
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,057	54,369	37,193	41,870	48,171	35,851
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	100,010	46,970	53,040
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	9,367,045	5,231,015	4,136,035	29,515	15,750	13,765
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	53,431	59,326	47,420	52,335	54,811	49,477
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	65,997	74,289	55,510	62,410	67,732	56,321
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	88.3	91.6	83.7	89.9	92.1	87.4
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	72.0	75.2	67.7	64.2	66.8	61.2
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	11.7	8.4	16.3	10.1	7.9	12.6
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360	100,175	47,050	53,125
Without total income	1,154,450	546,285	608,165	2,490	1,175	1,320
With total income	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,195	97,685	45,875	51,810
Percentage with total income	96.0	96.1	95.8	97.5	97.5	97.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,877,620	1,668,960	2,208,655	12,030	5,385	6,645
$10,000 to $19,999	4,680,380	1,867,600	2,812,785	16,380	6,935	9,440
$20,000 to $29,999	3,807,840	1,593,335	2,214,505	13,690	5,660	8,030
$30,000 to $39,999	3,206,175	1,472,670	1,733,510	11,540	5,105	6,435
$40,000 to $49,999	2,827,045	1,376,565	1,450,480	10,315	4,560	5,755
$50,000 to $59,999	2,179,775	1,145,685	1,034,090	7,945	3,705	4,240
$60,000 to $69,999	1,655,070	938,755	716,310	6,100	3,135	2,970
$70,000 to $79,999	1,271,850	745,830	526,015	5,025	2,565	2,460
$80,000 to $89,999	966,885	579,290	387,590	3,720	2,040	1,685
$90,000 to $99,999	749,290	452,240	297,050	2,685	1,505	1,180
$100,000 and over	2,266,600	1,603,400	663,195	8,245	5,280	2,965
$100,000 to $149,999	1,493,570	1,024,210	469,365	5,190	3,165	2,025
$150,000 and over	773,025	579,190	193,830	3,050	2,115	940
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360	100,175	47,045	53,125
Without after-tax income	1,143,795	541,620	602,175	2,390	1,090	1,305
With after-tax income	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175	97,785	45,965	51,820
Percentage with after-tax income	96.0	96.1	95.9	97.6	97.7	97.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,004,475	1,706,825	2,297,645	12,700	5,715	6,990
$10,000 to $19,999	4,905,055	1,972,920	2,932,130	17,190	7,365	9,825
$20,000 to $29,999	4,489,925	1,926,175	2,563,755	16,400	7,005	9,395
$30,000 to $39,999	3,924,960	1,870,705	2,054,250	13,610	5,985	7,620
$40,000 to $49,999	3,144,200	1,619,670	1,524,525	11,250	5,120	6,130
$50,000 to $59,999	2,209,280	1,245,570	963,705	7,955	3,970	3,985
$60,000 to $69,999	1,540,300	912,230	628,065	5,925	3,150	2,775
$70,000 to $79,999	1,076,180	654,570	421,610	4,200	2,255	1,945
$80,000 and over	2,204,820	1,540,335	664,485	8,550	5,390	3,160
$80,000 to $89,999	688,705	444,550	244,145	2,415	1,415	990
$90,000 to $99,999	420,975	291,090	129,885	1,545	940	605
$100,000 and over	1,095,140	804,690	290,445	4,600	3,035	1,560
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	28,642,980	13,990,625	14,652,360	100,170	47,050	53,125
Without employment income	8,214,295	3,442,860	4,771,430	27,375	11,800	15,575
With employment income	20,428,690	10,547,760	9,880,925	72,800	35,245	37,550
Percentage with employment income	71.3	75.4	67.4	72.7	74.9	70.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,778,990	1,357,430	1,421,560	11,670	5,335	6,335
$5,000 to $9,999	1,602,140	697,025	905,120	5,670	2,450	3,220
$10,000 to $19,999	2,736,010	1,212,855	1,523,155	10,030	4,405	5,625
$20,000 to $29,999	2,293,785	1,022,090	1,271,695	8,535	3,930	4,610
$30,000 to $39,999	2,149,860	1,001,065	1,148,795	7,640	3,610	4,030
$40,000 to $49,999	1,928,565	946,625	981,940	6,940	3,135	3,810
$50,000 to $59,999	1,554,100	839,045	715,055	5,165	2,400	2,765
$60,000 to $69,999	1,220,310	708,270	512,040	4,010	2,100	1,905
$70,000 to $79,999	992,170	591,945	400,225	3,485	1,800	1,685
$80,000 and over	3,172,770	2,171,415	1,001,355	9,655	6,090	3,565
$80,000 to $89,999	773,755	475,700	298,055	2,685	1,505	1,175
$90,000 to $99,999	623,980	382,330	241,650	1,905	1,090	810
$100,000 and over	1,775,030	1,313,385	461,645	5,070	3,495	1,580
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	14,072,080	...	...	59,160	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	70,336	...	...	58,231	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	61,348	...	...	51,116	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	3,969,790	...	...	26,220	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,174	...	...	36,112	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,446	...	...	32,176	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	10,102,290	...	...	32,945	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	88,249	...	...	85,425	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	76,419	...	...	74,496	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	14,072,075	...	...	59,095	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	92,764	...	...	81,738	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	76,171	...	...	67,230	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	3,967,765	...	...	26,180	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	46,799	...	...	47,330	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,685	...	...	39,919	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	10,104,315	...	...	32,910	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	110,813	...	...	109,115	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	90,890	...	...	88,959	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	14,072,075	...	...	59,165	...	...
Under $5,000	228,790	...	...	1,710	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	200,315	...	...	1,040	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	374,575	...	...	2,530	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	565,940	...	...	3,230	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	602,800	...	...	3,170	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	538,710	...	...	2,760	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	603,480	...	...	2,785	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	606,600	...	...	2,780	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	596,110	...	...	2,820	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	578,325	...	...	2,690	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,097,345	...	...	4,875	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,010,415	...	...	4,245	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	924,320	...	...	3,725	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	836,765	...	...	3,190	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	745,655	...	...	2,655	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,561,920	...	...	14,955	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,470,255	...	...	4,990	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,016,245	...	...	3,225	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,116,140	...	...	3,435	...	...
$200,000 and over	959,285	...	...	3,300	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	14,072,075	...	...	59,165	...	...
Under $5,000	243,780	...	...	1,810	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	203,865	...	...	1,050	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	380,680	...	...	2,575	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	591,660	...	...	3,365	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	673,740	...	...	3,770	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	628,225	...	...	3,335	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	719,825	...	...	3,345	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	725,675	...	...	3,430	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	711,180	...	...	3,210	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	691,695	...	...	3,120	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,299,680	...	...	5,325	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,169,515	...	...	4,505	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,041,635	...	...	3,835	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	900,055	...	...	3,110	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	757,295	...	...	2,455	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,333,575	...	...	10,930	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,371,945	...	...	4,400	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	809,540	...	...	2,560	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,152,090	...	...	3,970	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	9,688,845	...	...	29,230	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	88,306	...	...	88,511	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,372	...	...	76,679	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	3,706,220	...	...	15,430	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,976	...	...	86,512	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,309	...	...	75,084	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	4,222,140	...	...	8,660	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	113,465	...	...	118,016	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,608	...	...	100,544	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,481,410	...	...	4,300	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,193	...	...	51,131	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,856	...	...	46,477	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	9,689,855	...	...	29,220	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	111,235	...	...	113,209	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	91,040	...	...	91,618	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	3,706,400	...	...	15,395	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	101,086	...	...	108,824	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,296	...	...	87,300	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	4,225,855	...	...	8,790	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	137,094	...	...	146,918	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	111,307	...	...	118,419	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,477,190	...	...	4,170	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	65,549	...	...	63,198	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,687	...	...	54,401	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	5,313,545	2,608,845	2,704,705	36,555	16,500	20,060
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	31,890	34,483	29,801	31,047	30,848	31,210
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	28,959	30,746	27,495	28,080	27,773	28,321
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	5,299,050	2,596,985	2,702,070	36,430	16,435	20,000
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	42,939	46,085	39,915	41,785	44,147	39,844
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	35,801	37,724	33,952	35,569	37,066	34,339
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	34,460,065	16,971,550	17,488,515	112,245	53,025	59,220
In the bottom half of the distribution	17,229,835	8,256,970	8,972,865	57,580	26,515	31,070
In the bottom decile	3,445,950	1,672,900	1,773,050	16,235	7,770	8,465
In the second decile	3,445,660	1,564,965	1,880,700	11,750	5,140	6,610
In the third decile	3,446,165	1,641,930	1,804,235	10,150	4,620	5,530
In the fourth decile	3,445,850	1,677,120	1,768,730	9,430	4,285	5,145
In the fifth decile	3,446,210	1,700,060	1,746,150	10,020	4,695	5,325
In the top half of the distribution	17,230,230	8,714,580	8,515,650	54,665	26,515	28,150
In the sixth decile	3,445,695	1,716,510	1,729,185	9,690	4,490	5,200
In the seventh decile	3,446,470	1,730,975	1,715,500	10,130	4,870	5,255
In the eighth decile	3,445,940	1,741,640	1,704,300	10,635	5,130	5,510
In the ninth decile	3,446,045	1,751,850	1,694,195	11,045	5,465	5,585
In the top decile	3,446,080	1,773,600	1,672,475	13,165	6,565	6,600
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	33,968,295	16,724,265	17,244,035	112,245	53,025	59,220
0 to 17 years	6,836,380	3,504,250	3,332,125	14,485	7,140	7,345
0 to 5 years	2,228,770	1,142,505	1,086,270	4,900	2,405	2,495
18 to 64 years	21,695,090	10,690,090	11,005,005	74,445	35,515	38,935
65 years and over	5,436,830	2,529,930	2,906,905	23,315	10,375	12,940
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	4,809,940	2,243,200	2,566,740	19,885	9,130	10,755
0 to 17 years	1,163,830	597,570	566,255	2,850	1,480	1,375
0 to 5 years	396,095	203,055	193,030	970	500	465
18 to 64 years	2,855,290	1,341,590	1,513,700	13,750	6,380	7,370
65 years and over	790,825	304,040	486,780	3,290	1,275	2,015
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.2	13.4	14.9	17.7	17.2	18.2
0 to 17 years (%)	17.0	17.1	17.0	19.7	20.7	18.7
0 to 5 years (%)	17.8	17.8	17.8	19.8	20.8	18.6
18 to 64 years (%)	13.2	12.5	13.8	18.5	18.0	18.9
65 years and over (%)	14.5	12.0	16.7	14.1	12.3	15.6
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	3,128,995	1,519,370	1,609,630	14,400	6,925	7,480
0 to 17 years	696,025	357,255	338,770	1,825	950	870
0 to 5 years	236,435	121,170	115,260	585	305	280
18 to 64 years	2,157,745	1,057,585	1,100,160	11,570	5,560	6,010
65 years and over	275,225	104,525	170,695	1,005	415	590
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	9.2	9.1	9.3	12.8	13.1	12.6
0 to 17 years (%)	10.2	10.2	10.2	12.6	13.3	11.8
0 to 5 years (%)	10.6	10.6	10.6	11.9	12.7	11.2
18 to 64 years (%)	9.9	9.9	10.0	15.5	15.7	15.4
65 years and over (%)	5.1	4.1	5.9	4.3	4.0	4.6
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	112,085	52,985	59,095
Official languages	33,818,210	16,709,290	17,108,920	111,090	52,535	58,555
English	29,748,265	14,806,270	14,941,995	111,070	52,530	58,540
French	10,242,945	4,952,455	5,290,495	15,125	6,550	8,575
Non-official languages	9,369,280	4,488,185	4,881,090	24,505	10,795	13,710
Aboriginal languages	263,845	127,550	136,295	145	55	95
Algonquian languages	177,570	85,505	92,065	75	30	40
Blackfoot	5,645	2,695	2,950	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	116,585	56,515	60,070	70	30	40
Atikamekw	6,640	3,335	3,305	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	11,440	5,500	5,945	0	0	0
Moose Cree	195	80	115	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,465	710	755	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	545	225	320	0	0	0
Plains Cree	5,905	2,705	3,200	30	20	15
Southern East Cree	40	30	10	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	2,345	995	1,350	0	0	0
Woods Cree	2,665	1,230	1,435	15	0	15
Cree, n.o.s.	86,115	42,080	44,035	30	10	20
Eastern Algonquian languages	9,765	4,710	5,050	0	0	0
Malecite	755	370	390	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	9,025	4,350	4,670	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	46,685	22,100	24,585	0	0	0
Algonquin	2,480	1,165	1,315	0	0	0
Ojibway	28,585	13,365	15,220	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	15,610	7,575	8,030	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	205	105	105	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	120	60	60	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	23,655	11,340	12,320	15	0	10
Northern Athabaskan languages	23,570	11,300	12,265	15	10	10
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	210	105	100	0	0	0
Beaver	340	180	165	0	0	0
Carrier	2,105	955	1,145	0	0	0
Chilcotin	1,150	535	610	0	0	0
Dene	13,060	6,270	6,790	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	2,375	1,210	1,165	0	0	0
Gwich'in	360	165	200	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	150	60	90	0	0	0
Sekani	185	85	100	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	2,815	1,340	1,475	10	10	0
North Slavey (Hare)	1,010	475	530	0	0	0
South Slavey	1,365	660	710	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	680	320	360	10	0	0
Tahltan languages	630	340	285	10	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	365	205	170	10	0	0
Tahltan	270	140	130	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	420	160	260	10	0	0
Northern Tutchone	285	115	170	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	145	50	95	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	85	35	50	0	0	0
Haida	465	205	260	0	0	0
Inuit languages	42,980	21,355	21,630	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,975	895	1,080	0	0	0
Inuktitut	40,620	20,280	20,340	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	470	225	240	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	2,800	1,240	1,555	0	0	0
Cayuga	125	40	85	0	0	0
Mohawk	2,415	1,120	1,295	0	0	0
Oneida	180	60	125	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	115	45	75	0	0	0
Kutenai	175	95	80	0	0	0
Michif	1,210	585	625	10	0	10
Salish languages	5,750	2,730	3,015	15	0	15
Comox	185	75	110	0	0	0
Halkomelem	1,060	475	585	10	0	0
Lillooet	790	405	385	0	0	0
Okanagan	820	370	450	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	1,305	640	665	0	0	0
Squamish	285	125	155	0	0	0
Straits	360	160	200	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	450	220	235	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	565	295	270	10	0	10
Siouan languages	5,430	2,665	2,770	0	0	0
Dakota	1,760	870	890	0	0	0
Stoney	3,675	1,805	1,875	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	140	70	70	0	0	0
Tlingit	260	140	120	10	10	0
Tsimshian languages	2,730	1,350	1,380	10	10	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	1,305	645	660	0	0	0
Nisga'a	1,060	545	515	0	0	0
Tsimshian	410	180	235	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	1,490	680	805	10	10	10
Haisla	175	65	110	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	125	50	75	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	605	285	320	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	565	265	300	15	10	10
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	30	20	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	665	310	360	15	0	15
Non-Aboriginal languages	9,107,075	4,361,420	4,745,660	24,370	10,745	13,620
Afro-Asiatic languages	837,355	432,560	404,795	1,290	695	595
Berber languages	29,460	15,745	13,715	10	0	0
Kabyle	17,120	9,100	8,015	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	12,505	6,735	5,775	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	57,125	26,870	30,250	60	20	40
Bilen	1,085	625	470	0	0	0
Oromo	6,245	3,070	3,175	20	0	15
Somali	49,665	23,070	26,590	40	20	25
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	480	220	265	0	0	0
Semitic languages	771,130	400,780	370,350	1,225	670	555
Amharic	33,670	16,675	16,995	75	35	45
Arabic	629,055	329,235	299,820	950	550	400
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	19,745	9,720	10,020	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	7,115	3,505	3,610	10	0	0
Harari	1,710	855	860	0	0	0
Hebrew	75,020	38,730	36,290	185	80	100
Maltese	7,625	3,760	3,870	0	0	0
Tigrigna	21,340	10,640	10,705	30	10	15
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	3,220	1,655	1,565	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	2,775	1,440	1,335	10	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages	224,865	105,845	119,020	345	155	190
Khmer (Cambodian)	27,035	12,640	14,400	40	20	20
Vietnamese	198,895	93,735	105,155	305	130	175
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	190	70	120	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	656,200	273,075	383,125	1,970	650	1,320
Bikol	2,075	885	1,190	0	0	0
Cebuano	27,045	10,960	16,085	85	25	60
Fijian	1,660	955	705	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	7,925	3,200	4,720	45	15	30
Ilocano	34,530	13,805	20,730	130	45	80
Malagasy	2,335	1,120	1,220	0	0	0
Malay	22,470	10,370	12,100	170	65	105
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5,425	2,445	2,980	0	0	0
Pangasinan	1,800	790	1,015	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	612,735	253,210	359,530	1,750	565	1,180
Waray-Waray	1,395	530	860	10	0	10
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5,585	2,540	3,040	50	20	30
Creole languages	155,615	70,545	85,070	85	50	35
Haitian Creole	6,850	3,140	3,710	10	10	10
Creole, n.o.s.	133,045	59,890	73,160	55	40	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	16,635	7,955	8,675	25	0	20
Dravidian languages	250,180	126,220	123,960	165	105	60
Kannada	8,245	4,180	4,065	0	0	0
Malayalam	37,810	19,410	18,400	80	55	25
Tamil	189,860	94,640	95,220	80	60	25
Telugu	23,160	12,770	10,390	20	15	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	790	385	405	10	0	10
Hmong-Mien languages	870	435	435	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5,158,010	2,506,455	2,651,555	13,350	5,955	7,395
Albanian	31,930	16,140	15,790	60	30	25
Armenian	41,295	19,980	21,315	20	10	10
Balto-Slavic languages	817,315	384,960	432,350	1,915	850	1,060
Baltic languages	14,675	6,470	8,205	35	15	10
Latvian	6,500	2,960	3,540	10	10	0
Lithuanian	8,185	3,510	4,675	15	10	10
Slavic languages	805,915	379,965	425,945	1,880	835	1,055
Belarusan	2,265	1,070	1,195	10	10	0
Bosnian	18,265	9,055	9,215	0	0	0
Bulgarian	22,425	10,920	11,505	95	40	55
Croatian	69,840	34,515	35,325	225	110	115
Czech	28,720	13,675	15,050	205	80	125
Macedonian	23,075	11,190	11,880	10	0	0
Polish	214,965	99,365	115,600	450	190	255
Russian	269,645	127,055	142,595	710	320	390
Serbian	73,775	37,040	36,740	80	35	45
Serbo-Croatian	11,275	5,525	5,750	30	20	15
Slovak	21,470	10,215	11,255	55	25	30
Slovene (Slovenian)	11,495	5,205	6,290	10	0	0
Ukrainian	132,115	58,820	73,300	285	125	165
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	3,000	1,590	1,405	0	10	0
Celtic languages	9,165	4,705	4,455	45	15	25
Scottish Gaelic	3,980	2,010	1,975	25	0	20
Welsh	1,690	830	860	10	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	3,590	1,915	1,680	15	10	0
Germanic languages	695,535	337,215	358,320	4,000	1,775	2,225
Afrikaans	23,410	11,795	11,610	180	95	90
Danish	15,745	7,320	8,425	235	100	135
Dutch	120,865	57,885	62,990	585	280	300
Frisian	2,910	1,515	1,395	10	0	0
German	502,730	245,745	256,985	2,820	1,255	1,560
Icelandic	1,780	830	945	40	15	25
Norwegian	8,120	3,860	4,260	125	55	65
Swedish	14,140	6,510	7,635	160	70	90
Vlaams (Flemish)	4,400	1,945	2,455	25	15	15
Yiddish	20,985	10,435	10,550	30	10	20
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	8,710	4,425	4,285	0	0	0
Greek	150,965	75,510	75,455	150	65	85
Indo-Iranian languages	1,658,220	840,850	817,365	1,855	915	935
Indo-Aryan languages	1,387,805	704,370	683,435	1,275	650	630
Bengali	91,220	46,935	44,285	75	30	40
Gujarati	149,045	74,765	74,285	50	25	25
Hindi	433,365	221,665	211,700	500	270	230
Kashmiri	905	490	420	0	0	0
Konkani	6,790	3,185	3,605	0	0	0
Marathi	15,570	8,200	7,365	25	15	10
Nepali	21,380	10,915	10,470	75	15	55
Oriya (Odia)	1,535	755	775	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	668,240	341,450	326,790	655	335	320
Sindhi	20,260	9,310	10,945	15	10	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	27,825	13,970	13,855	25	10	15
Urdu	322,220	164,685	157,535	185	115	70
Iranian languages	281,715	142,030	139,680	585	265	320
Kurdish	15,290	8,290	7,000	15	10	10
Pashto	23,180	12,465	10,715	10	10	0
Persian (Farsi)	252,320	126,565	125,755	575	260	320
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	8,875	4,715	4,155	45	30	10
Italic (Romance) languages	1,897,630	898,530	999,100	6,045	2,610	3,435
Catalan	2,035	1,145	890	40	20	20
Italian	574,725	278,500	296,225	920	350	565
Portuguese	295,955	144,465	151,485	645	305	335
Romanian	115,050	55,275	59,770	95	45	55
Spanish	995,255	460,250	535,010	4,770	2,045	2,725
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	2,680	1,610	1,075	25	10	10
Japanese	83,090	36,760	46,335	1,410	550	860
Kartvelian languages	2,150	1,075	1,075	0	0	0
Georgian	2,150	1,080	1,070	10	10	0
Korean	172,755	80,170	92,590	760	340	420
Mongolic languages	2,090	960	1,130	0	0	0
Mongolian	2,090	960	1,130	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	177,215	88,135	89,080	270	120	150
Akan (Twi)	22,145	10,810	11,340	0	0	0
Bamanankan	3,190	1,660	1,530	0	0	0
Edo	3,220	1,510	1,705	0	0	0
Ewe	3,000	1,685	1,315	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	4,725	2,460	2,260	0	0	0
Ga	2,250	1,140	1,110	0	0	0
Ganda	2,495	1,175	1,320	0	10	0
Igbo	8,850	4,710	4,140	15	0	15
Lingala	17,010	7,865	9,145	15	10	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	8,590	4,075	4,515	0	0	10
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	7,860	3,600	4,260	15	10	10
Shona	5,425	2,530	2,905	55	30	25
Swahili	38,680	19,565	19,115	90	35	50
Wolof	8,240	4,455	3,785	0	0	0
Yoruba	22,420	11,475	10,940	35	15	20
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	40,760	20,375	20,385	50	20	35
Nilo-Saharan languages	7,015	3,520	3,495	10	0	0
Dinka	2,475	1,280	1,190	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	4,555	2,240	2,315	0	0	0
Sign languages	48,115	18,985	29,130	350	125	220
American Sign Language	21,930	7,780	14,155	205	75	130
Quebec Sign Language	4,665	1,665	3,005	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	22,275	9,835	12,440	135	50	90
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,430,440	672,100	758,340	4,560	2,075	2,490
Chinese languages	1,413,110	663,465	749,640	4,555	2,075	2,480
Cantonese	699,125	325,840	373,285	1,800	880	925
Hakka	12,445	5,555	6,890	0	0	10
Mandarin	814,450	377,635	436,815	2,930	1,315	1,615
Min Dong	1,045	440	600	0	0	10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	42,840	19,005	23,835	75	25	50
Wu (Shanghainese)	16,530	7,490	9,040	75	35	40
Chinese, n.o.s.	41,690	19,995	21,690	190	60	130
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	590	250	340	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	18,270	9,100	9,175	10	0	10
Burmese	4,995	2,490	2,500	0	0	0
Karenic languages	4,895	2,425	2,475	0	0	0
Tibetan	7,050	3,555	3,490	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	2,375	1,160	1,220	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	30,400	13,210	17,195	170	65	105
Lao	17,235	8,240	8,990	10	10	10
Thai	15,390	5,875	9,520	155	60	100
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	115	50	65	0	0	0
Turkic languages	60,530	31,585	28,945	135	80	60
Azerbaijani	5,450	2,885	2,565	10	0	0
Turkish	50,775	26,605	24,165	130	70	60
Uyghur	1,385	685	700	10	0	0
Uzbek	2,465	1,230	1,235	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	1,870	905	965	0	0	0
Uralic languages	94,810	44,270	50,545	395	180	210
Estonian	6,070	2,750	3,315	30	15	15
Finnish	17,595	7,540	10,050	65	20	45
Hungarian	71,285	34,005	37,280	295	145	150
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	9,730	5,375	4,355	40	10	30
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490	112,080	52,985	59,095
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	32,034,590	15,799,495	16,235,090	102,625	48,790	53,835
Canadian citizens aged under 18	6,652,795	3,412,785	3,240,010	13,445	6,665	6,775
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	25,381,795	12,386,710	12,995,080	89,185	42,125	47,060
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	2,425,480	1,172,085	1,253,400	9,455	4,195	5,260
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	112,085	52,985	59,095
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	26,412,610	13,124,325	13,288,290	85,825	41,215	44,610
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330	22,890	10,185	12,710
Before 1981	1,941,510	927,795	1,013,715	10,355	4,655	5,700
1981 to 1990	915,555	439,245	476,310	2,210	985	1,220
1991 to 2000	1,486,655	696,720	789,940	2,895	1,290	1,610
2001 to 2010	1,985,035	940,570	1,044,465	4,070	1,735	2,335
2001 to 2005	928,935	439,890	489,050	1,520	665	860
2006 to 2010	1,056,095	500,680	555,415	2,545	1,075	1,470
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	1,212,075	582,175	629,895	3,365	1,520	1,840
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	506,625	260,755	245,870	3,365	1,590	1,775
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	7,540,830	3,586,500	3,954,335	22,890	10,185	12,710
Under 5 years	731,340	364,165	367,175	2,420	1,165	1,260
5 to 14 years	1,311,810	665,870	645,945	4,040	1,895	2,135
15 to 24 years	1,604,430	724,430	880,005	4,980	2,225	2,755
25 to 44 years	3,198,920	1,513,970	1,684,950	9,630	4,070	5,565
45 years and over	694,320	318,060	376,260	1,820	830	1,000
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330	22,895	10,185	12,710
Americas	1,128,745	510,650	618,100	3,945	1,680	2,265
Brazil	29,320	13,235	16,080	100	55	40
Colombia	70,035	32,065	37,965	90	40	55
El Salvador	48,080	23,865	24,215	40	15	25
Guyana	87,685	38,940	48,745	30	20	15
Haiti	93,480	40,955	52,525	50	15	30
Jamaica	138,345	59,960	78,390	65	45	25
Mexico	80,585	37,530	43,055	260	105	155
Peru	29,615	12,950	16,665	45	30	20
Trinidad and Tobago	65,040	29,325	35,710	85	30	55
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	253,715	113,505	140,215	2,650	1,135	1,515
Other places of birth in Americas	232,850	108,325	124,530	520	190	330
Europe	2,088,410	1,015,145	1,073,260	10,265	4,760	5,500
Bosnia and Herzegovina	36,135	18,050	18,085	50	20	25
Croatia	40,045	20,005	20,035	105	55	50
France	105,565	55,395	50,170	235	80	160
Germany	145,845	69,525	76,320	865	360	505
Greece	62,715	31,580	31,135	60	25	35
Hungary	36,820	17,945	18,875	220	110	115
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	28,325	14,355	13,970	185	75	110
Italy	236,640	118,595	118,040	225	95	125
Netherlands	88,475	45,185	43,295	425	220	210
Poland	146,465	66,450	80,020	295	115	180
Portugal	139,450	68,150	71,300	120	45	75
Romania	90,305	42,795	47,510	110	65	50
Russian Federation	78,685	34,265	44,420	305	130	170
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	33,320	16,325	17,000	40	25	15
Ukraine	73,030	33,360	39,665	130	65	65
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	499,115	243,225	255,890	5,705	2,755	2,945
Other places of birth in Europe	247,470	119,945	127,530	1,170	510	660
Africa	637,485	322,510	314,970	1,140	560	575
Algeria	64,620	33,920	30,705	10	0	10
Egypt	64,615	34,125	30,495	110	75	30
Ethiopia	32,790	15,980	16,810	75	35	45
Kenya	27,150	12,810	14,340	60	10	50
Morocco	69,655	36,120	33,535	65	45	20
Nigeria	42,430	21,830	20,600	35	15	20
Somalia	27,230	12,070	15,160	25	10	20
South Africa, Republic of	44,660	22,205	22,460	425	205	215
Other places of birth in Africa	264,320	133,450	130,870	335	160	175
Asia	3,629,160	1,709,985	1,919,175	7,055	2,945	4,115
Afghanistan	51,955	26,030	25,930	40	25	20
Bangladesh	58,735	29,875	28,865	50	25	30
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	649,260	290,800	358,460	1,745	730	1,020
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	208,940	98,020	110,915	395	195	200
India	668,565	334,030	334,540	510	275	235
IranCensus data footnote 61	154,425	77,970	76,455	355	155	195
Iraq	68,485	34,785	33,705	65	35	35
Japan	27,240	7,955	19,285	410	70	340
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	123,305	57,170	66,140	405	165	235
Lebanon	88,745	47,295	41,450	50	25	25
Pakistan	202,260	103,225	99,035	115	70	40
Philippines	588,305	247,095	341,210	1,490	510	980
Sri Lanka	131,995	64,825	67,170	40	20	15
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	52,960	26,595	26,365	95	45	50
Taiwan	63,770	28,170	35,605	235	90	150
Viet Nam	169,250	78,000	91,250	245	100	140
Other places of birth in Asia	320,965	158,150	162,815	800	395	405
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	57,030	28,210	28,825	495	245	250
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	1,212,075	582,180	629,895	3,365	1,525	1,845
Americas	152,595	72,870	79,720	440	160	280
Brazil	8,500	4,000	4,490	40	25	10
Colombia	15,300	6,885	8,415	25	10	15
Cuba	5,370	2,545	2,820	0	0	10
Haiti	19,985	9,160	10,830	0	0	0
Jamaica	12,495	6,680	5,820	0	0	0
Mexico	18,660	9,090	9,575	50	10	35
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	33,060	16,480	16,580	250	90	165
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	6,425	2,990	3,435	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Americas	32,790	15,040	17,750	60	25	35
Europe	140,030	70,995	69,035	535	295	240
France	24,150	13,000	11,150	25	20	0
Germany	6,300	3,255	3,045	40	15	20
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	5,660	3,540	2,120	25	10	10
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	5,900	2,735	3,165	0	0	0
Romania	7,610	3,330	4,280	0	0	0
Russian Federation	11,565	4,485	7,080	30	15	15
Ukraine	13,425	6,015	7,410	30	10	20
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	24,445	14,235	10,215	250	170	80
Other places of birth in Europe	40,970	20,405	20,570	145	60	90
Africa	162,800	81,545	81,245	210	95	120
Algeria	17,175	8,440	8,735	0	0	0
Cameroon	10,265	5,005	5,255	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	7,400	3,570	3,835	20	10	20
Côte d'Ivoire	6,240	3,030	3,210	0	0	0
Egypt	16,115	8,445	7,665	20	10	0
Eritrea	6,050	3,195	2,855	0	0	0
Ethiopia	7,510	3,625	3,890	15	10	0
Morocco	15,105	7,470	7,635	20	10	10
Nigeria	17,285	8,850	8,435	25	15	10
Somalia	5,335	2,600	2,730	10	0	10
South Africa, Republic of	5,765	2,935	2,830	40	15	25
Tunisia	6,700	3,475	3,230	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	41,855	20,905	20,950	60	20	35
Asia	748,700	352,095	396,610	2,105	920	1,180
Afghanistan	9,240	4,530	4,710	10	10	10
Bangladesh	12,900	6,445	6,460	15	10	10
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	129,020	57,745	71,270	430	200	230
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	4,975	2,090	2,880	20	15	0
India	147,190	75,145	72,045	135	100	35
IranCensus data footnote 61	42,070	20,580	21,490	100	45	60
Iraq	20,665	10,345	10,320	20	10	10
Israel	4,740	2,615	2,130	15	15	0
Japan	4,905	1,250	3,655	40	15	25
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	21,710	9,630	12,075	195	70	130
Lebanon	9,375	4,980	4,400	15	10	10
Nepal	7,505	3,780	3,715	30	10	20
Pakistan	41,480	20,530	20,945	15	10	0
Philippines	188,810	83,050	105,760	740	275	460
Saudi Arabia	5,465	2,820	2,640	30	15	15
Sri Lanka	11,495	5,190	6,305	0	0	0
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	29,945	15,245	14,700	90	40	50
Taiwan	4,310	1,685	2,625	35	15	20
Turkey	4,255	2,365	1,890	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	6,135	3,220	2,910	10	0	15
Viet Nam	11,210	4,500	6,705	25	10	10
Other places of birth in Asia	31,320	14,345	16,970	125	60	65
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	7,955	4,670	3,280	70	50	25
Australia	4,965	2,950	2,010	50	35	15
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	2,990	1,720	1,270	25	20	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	34,460,060	16,971,575	17,488,485	112,080	52,985	59,100
First generationCensus data footnote 69	8,219,555	3,936,045	4,283,505	27,830	12,540	15,290
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	6,100,725	3,053,075	3,047,650	27,220	12,980	14,240
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	20,139,790	9,982,460	10,157,330	57,035	27,465	29,565
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	5,703,615	2,709,530	2,994,085	12,875	5,705	7,170
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	2,994,130	1,496,240	1,497,885	7,015	3,265	3,750
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	1,220,755	755,370	465,380	3,240	1,630	1,610
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	1,773,380	740,870	1,032,510	3,775	1,635	2,140
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	1,782,490	728,085	1,054,400	4,680	1,885	2,800
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	858,845	453,675	405,175	1,045	490	550
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	68,145	31,530	36,615	135	65	70
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	112,080	52,985	59,100
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	1,673,785	813,520	860,265	4,325	1,885	2,440
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	1,629,805	792,970	836,835	4,140	1,805	2,330
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	977,235	471,510	505,725	2,390	1,015	1,370
Métis	587,545	289,435	298,115	1,725	780	945
Inuk (Inuit)	65,030	32,030	32,995	25	10	20
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	21,310	10,165	11,145	80	35	40
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	22,670	10,385	12,290	105	40	65
Non-Aboriginal identity	32,786,280	16,158,060	16,628,225	107,760	51,100	56,660
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490	112,080	52,985	59,095
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	820,120	395,670	424,445	1,775	780	995
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	33,639,945	16,575,905	17,064,040	110,310	52,210	58,100
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,490	112,085	52,985	59,100
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	727,790	356,970	370,815	895	395	500
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	709,235	347,985	361,245	880	385	495
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	573,215	280,040	293,180	720	300	425
Métis single ancestry	91,255	45,740	45,515	145	85	65
Inuit single ancestry	44,765	22,210	22,555	10	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	18,555	8,985	9,565	20	15	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15,140	7,305	7,835	15	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	2,470	1,205	1,265	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	770	390	380	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	170	85	85	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	1,402,735	669,710	733,025	4,795	2,090	2,700
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	1,347,610	644,210	703,400	4,635	2,035	2,600
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	881,455	418,215	463,235	2,970	1,355	1,615
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	441,000	213,940	227,065	1,630	665	965
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25,155	12,045	13,105	35	20	20
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	55,125	25,505	29,625	160	55	105
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	49,325	22,740	26,585	145	55	95
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,470	1,655	1,815	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,005	940	1,065	15	0	15
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	325	170	160	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	32,329,545	15,944,900	16,384,645	106,395	50,495	55,900
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	112,080	52,990	59,095
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	7,674,580	3,725,090	3,949,495	16,880	7,715	9,160
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	1,924,635	977,690	946,945	2,390	1,240	1,150
Chinese	1,577,060	746,400	830,665	5,235	2,370	2,860
Black	1,198,540	580,070	618,475	1,280	700	585
Filipino	780,125	341,800	438,330	2,045	725	1,325
Latin American	447,325	215,460	231,860	980	430	550
Arab	523,235	276,425	246,810	870	510	355
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	313,260	148,880	164,385	835	350	490
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	264,305	133,475	130,825	555	275	285
Korean	188,710	89,110	99,600	845	395	455
Japanese	92,920	40,105	52,815	1,100	375	725
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	132,090	62,540	69,550	180	70	105
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	232,375	113,140	119,230	560	280	280
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	26,785,480	13,246,485	13,539,000	95,205	45,270	49,935
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	112,080	52,990	59,095
North American Aboriginal origins	2,130,520	1,026,675	1,103,840	5,690	2,490	3,200
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,525,570	731,410	794,155	3,850	1,720	2,130
Inuit	79,130	38,695	40,435	60	25	35
Métis	599,995	291,310	308,690	1,950	810	1,135
Other North American origins	11,628,535	5,745,695	5,882,835	25,670	12,520	13,155
Acadian	119,675	57,805	61,865	165	105	65
American	377,405	182,690	194,715	2,980	1,420	1,555
Canadian	11,135,965	5,501,595	5,634,370	23,450	11,385	12,070
New Brunswicker	1,490	800	685	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	22,215	11,420	10,800	60	35	25
Nova Scotian	3,700	1,770	1,930	0	0	10
Ontarian	3,925	1,980	1,945	15	0	15
Québécois	194,560	99,320	95,235	110	60	45
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	1,895	950	945	10	0	0
European origins	19,683,320	9,687,715	9,995,605	89,680	42,305	47,375
British Isles origins	11,211,850	5,474,735	5,737,115	69,340	32,850	36,495
Channel Islander	3,595	1,740	1,855	35	25	10
Cornish	1,975	995	975	90	55	40
English	6,320,085	3,069,515	3,250,570	44,100	20,780	23,320
Irish	4,627,000	2,195,620	2,431,385	25,555	11,415	14,145
Manx	6,125	3,090	3,040	100	70	35
Scottish	4,799,005	2,323,390	2,475,620	32,285	14,915	17,370
Welsh	474,805	226,600	248,210	4,800	2,130	2,665
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	644,695	307,090	337,610	5,005	2,355	2,655
French origins	4,680,820	2,283,480	2,397,340	12,205	5,335	6,865
Alsatian	2,800	1,300	1,495	0	10	0
Breton	11,845	5,765	6,080	20	15	0
Corsican	1,750	950	805	0	0	0
French	4,670,595	2,278,430	2,392,165	12,190	5,325	6,860
Western European origins (except French origins)	4,600,855	2,258,095	2,342,760	22,865	10,630	12,235
Austrian	207,050	100,775	106,275	1,610	735	870
Bavarian	940	485	455	30	0	35
Belgian	186,665	91,395	95,270	680	330	350
Dutch	1,111,655	546,565	565,090	5,170	2,425	2,740
Flemish	11,685	5,730	5,960	80	30	50
Frisian	4,590	2,395	2,195	25	0	20
German	3,322,405	1,626,785	1,695,615	16,285	7,525	8,760
Luxembourger	3,915	2,025	1,890	25	0	25
Swiss	155,120	76,935	78,185	1,080	505	575
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	3,365	1,645	1,720	30	15	15
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,201,320	579,005	622,315	9,980	4,615	5,365
Danish	207,470	100,660	106,810	1,910	905	1,005
Finnish	143,645	69,045	74,600	875	370	505
Icelandic	101,795	49,875	51,915	800	400	395
Norwegian	463,275	223,075	240,200	3,765	1,745	2,025
Swedish	349,645	163,545	186,095	3,140	1,410	1,735
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	52,780	26,965	25,820	480	215	265
Eastern European origins	3,431,245	1,666,740	1,764,505	16,105	7,595	8,510
Bulgarian	34,565	16,935	17,625	170	65	105
Byelorussian	20,710	10,190	10,515	90	55	35
Czech	104,580	51,555	53,030	790	355	440
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	40,715	19,235	21,480	165	75	90
Estonian	24,530	11,715	12,815	180	70	110
Hungarian	348,085	170,040	178,045	1,610	765	845
Latvian	30,725	14,920	15,805	190	90	95
Lithuanian	59,285	28,745	30,535	365	170	190
Moldovan	14,915	7,265	7,650	30	15	15
Polish	1,106,585	533,830	572,750	4,860	2,320	2,535
Romanian	238,050	114,705	123,345	995	450	545
Russian	622,445	297,600	324,850	3,035	1,460	1,575
Slovak	72,285	35,360	36,925	230	100	130
Ukrainian	1,359,655	663,560	696,095	6,360	3,005	3,360
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	20,415	9,895	10,520	145	85	60
Southern European origins	3,012,375	1,494,605	1,517,775	8,195	3,660	4,540
Albanian	36,185	18,385	17,800	55	30	25
Bosnian	26,740	13,320	13,420	20	10	10
Catalan	1,280	740	535	15	10	10
Croatian	133,970	67,825	66,140	540	230	310
Cypriot	5,650	2,850	2,795	15	0	15
Greek	271,410	137,405	134,005	710	295	415
Italian	1,587,965	794,525	793,445	3,855	1,765	2,090
Kosovar	2,865	1,470	1,395	0	0	0
Macedonian	43,110	21,650	21,460	35	15	15
Maltese	41,920	20,955	20,965	100	50	50
Montenegrin	4,160	2,180	1,985	0	10	0
Portuguese	482,605	239,360	243,250	990	430	555
Serbian	96,530	49,095	47,440	245	145	100
Sicilian	6,940	3,500	3,435	15	0	10
Slovenian	40,470	20,105	20,365	175	75	100
Spanish	396,460	184,520	211,945	1,725	730	995
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	38,480	18,620	19,860	220	110	115
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	2,170	1,030	1,135	10	0	0
Other European origins	226,695	115,110	111,580	1,325	670	655
Basque	6,965	3,690	3,275	35	10	25
Jewish	143,660	72,625	71,035	740	375	365
Roma (Gypsy)	4,630	2,195	2,440	55	20	40
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	4,870	2,560	2,310	25	0	20
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	67,890	34,730	33,160	485	275	210
Caribbean origins	749,155	349,810	399,345	740	335	405
Antiguan	4,500	2,115	2,385	10	0	0
Bahamian	3,675	1,915	1,760	0	0	0
Barbadian	37,780	17,745	20,035	30	10	15
Bermudan	3,075	1,435	1,640	30	15	20
Carib	3,030	1,175	1,860	0	0	0
Cuban	29,065	13,800	15,270	50	15	40
Dominican	23,130	11,000	12,125	45	0	40
Grenadian	17,915	7,835	10,080	15	0	10
Guadeloupean	1,125	515	605	0	0	0
Haitian	165,095	76,460	88,635	70	35	30
Jamaican	309,485	145,080	164,410	285	145	135
Kittitian/Nevisian	2,915	1,460	1,460	10	0	0
Martinican	2,010	900	1,110	0	0	0
Montserratan	930	460	470	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	3,405	1,645	1,765	15	0	15
St. Lucian	8,985	4,095	4,890	10	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	78,965	37,325	41,635	90	55	35
Vincentian/Grenadinian	17,420	7,475	9,945	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	70,270	31,625	38,645	50	10	35
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	26,830	12,520	14,310	60	40	20
Latin, Central and South American origins	674,640	325,210	349,430	1,765	805	955
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	22,725	10,875	11,850	75	30	50
Arawak	1,440	610	830	0	0	0
Argentinian	20,680	10,130	10,545	65	30	35
Belizean	1,755	915	845	10	10	0
Bolivian	5,055	2,480	2,580	15	0	10
Brazilian	36,830	17,380	19,455	120	60	60
Chilean	45,190	22,280	22,910	165	65	95
Colombian	96,325	45,590	50,735	165	90	75
Costa Rican	5,535	2,680	2,855	45	20	25
Ecuadorian	25,405	11,995	13,415	40	15	25
Guatemalan	26,275	13,360	12,915	35	15	20
Guyanese	84,275	39,530	44,745	80	45	40
Hispanic	11,055	5,380	5,670	50	20	25
Honduran	10,650	5,235	5,415	10	0	0
Maya	6,285	3,350	2,940	30	0	30
Mexican	128,485	62,890	65,595	560	260	300
Nicaraguan	13,705	6,650	7,055	40	20	20
Panamanian	4,700	2,210	2,495	20	10	15
Paraguayan	4,325	2,165	2,160	20	0	15
Peruvian	42,145	19,645	22,505	100	60	40
Salvadorean	66,220	32,960	33,255	65	30	35
Uruguayan	6,795	3,390	3,410	10	0	0
Venezuelan	26,345	12,220	14,125	45	10	30
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	28,455	13,930	14,525	95	50	45
African origins	1,067,930	539,805	528,120	2,085	1,130	955
Central and West African origins	230,110	118,040	112,070	195	100	95
Akan	1,955	1,090	870	0	0	0
Angolan	2,960	1,475	1,480	0	0	0
Ashanti	1,585	855	735	0	0	0
Beninese	4,995	2,670	2,320	0	0	0
Burkinabe	3,150	1,665	1,485	0	0	0
Cameroonian	24,615	12,390	12,230	0	0	0
Chadian	1,845	955	885	0	0	0
Congolese	38,365	18,925	19,440	35	15	20
Edo	1,945	1,095	855	0	0	0
Ewe	845	470	375	0	0	0
Gabonese	1,405	660	750	0	0	0
Gambian	975	495	475	0	0	0
Ghanaian	35,495	17,720	17,770	25	15	10
Guinean	7,240	3,785	3,455	0	0	0
Ibo	5,315	2,850	2,470	0	0	10
Ivorian	10,935	5,485	5,450	0	0	0
Liberian	2,485	1,130	1,360	0	0	0
Malian	4,490	2,280	2,210	10	10	0
Malinké	1,125	585	535	0	0	0
Nigerian	51,835	27,025	24,805	95	40	45
Peulh	2,435	1,270	1,170	0	0	0
Senegalese	10,175	5,500	4,670	15	10	10
Sierra Leonean	2,620	1,330	1,295	10	0	0
Togolese	5,300	2,870	2,430	0	0	0
Wolof	840	495	345	0	0	0
Yoruba	9,585	5,075	4,515	0	0	10
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	15,380	7,940	7,445	10	10	0
North African origins	355,045	185,775	169,270	495	265	235
Algerian	67,335	34,755	32,580	0	0	0
Berber	37,060	19,685	17,375	10	10	0
Coptic	3,535	1,860	1,680	0	0	0
Dinka	900	500	400	0	0	0
Egyptian	99,140	51,730	47,410	195	105	95
Libyan	7,740	4,135	3,605	135	85	45
Maure	1,190	655	535	0	0	0
Moroccan	103,940	54,005	49,945	105	50	50
Sudanese	19,960	10,315	9,645	20	10	10
Tunisian	25,645	13,985	11,665	30	15	15
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	6,115	3,320	2,795	20	10	20
Southern and East African origins	260,145	128,325	131,815	835	460	375
Afrikaner	1,870	955	915	70	45	25
Amhara	1,530	815	715	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	3,965	2,175	1,785	0	0	10
Burundian	10,990	5,405	5,580	0	0	10
Djiboutian	1,710	790	920	0	0	0
Eritrean	25,255	12,830	12,430	30	10	20
Ethiopian	44,065	21,680	22,385	95	45	55
Harari	665	355	305	0	0	0
Kenyan	10,915	5,230	5,685	55	35	25
Malagasy	4,500	2,175	2,325	0	0	0
Mauritian	9,325	4,655	4,665	15	10	10
Oromo	3,350	1,745	1,605	20	0	15
Rwandan	10,775	5,065	5,705	30	20	15
Seychellois	1,285	575	710	0	0	0
Somali	62,550	30,215	32,330	55	30	20
South African	41,375	20,575	20,800	360	225	140
Tanzanian	4,710	2,400	2,310	10	0	10
Tigrian	2,155	1,160	995	10	0	10
Ugandan	5,705	2,875	2,830	10	0	0
Zambian	1,860	935	920	15	10	10
Zimbabwean	8,090	3,975	4,110	35	15	20
Zulu	945	475	475	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	17,305	8,445	8,860	50	30	20
Other African origins	239,560	116,400	123,165	580	310	270
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	30,385	14,015	16,370	80	35	40
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	212,005	103,790	108,215	515	280	235
Asian origins	6,095,235	2,958,120	3,137,115	15,575	6,985	8,585
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,011,145	518,170	492,980	2,160	1,090	1,060
Afghan	83,995	42,320	41,675	85	50	40
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	111,400	58,930	52,475	165	100	70
Armenian	63,810	31,505	32,305	115	40	70
Assyrian	13,835	7,115	6,720	10	10	0
Azerbaijani	6,425	3,230	3,200	20	10	10
Georgian	4,775	2,430	2,345	20	20	10
Hazara	1,515	810	705	0	0	0
Iranian	210,405	106,565	103,840	715	335	385
Iraqi	70,925	35,965	34,955	50	30	20
Israeli	28,735	15,065	13,675	80	45	30
Jordanian	14,250	7,520	6,735	60	25	30
Kazakh	3,330	1,615	1,710	20	0	15
Kurd	16,315	8,810	7,515	15	10	10
Kuwaiti	2,235	1,185	1,055	10	0	10
Kyrgyz	1,060	510	550	0	0	0
Lebanese	219,555	112,970	106,590	240	100	140
Palestinian	44,820	23,900	20,920	105	65	40
Pashtun	4,810	2,565	2,245	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	6,810	3,935	2,880	150	95	50
Syrian	77,045	38,445	38,600	190	80	110
Tajik	2,905	1,410	1,495	0	0	0
Tatar	4,825	2,155	2,670	20	0	15
Turk	63,955	32,855	31,100	145	80	60
Turkmen	1,040	540	500	20	10	10
Uighur	1,555	775	785	10	10	10
Uzbek	3,920	1,920	2,000	0	0	0
Yemeni	6,645	3,335	3,305	20	10	10
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	25,280	13,180	12,100	80	35	45
South Asian origins	1,963,330	993,595	969,735	2,615	1,360	1,255
Bangladeshi	45,940	23,645	22,300	55	20	35
Bengali	22,900	11,730	11,180	0	0	10
Bhutanese	3,600	1,765	1,835	0	0	0
East Indian	1,374,710	694,990	679,720	2,085	1,075	1,005
Goan	6,070	2,915	3,155	10	0	10
Gujarati	8,350	4,305	4,050	20	0	20
Kashmiri	3,115	1,605	1,510	0	0	0
Nepali	17,140	8,715	8,420	85	15	65
Pakistani	215,555	110,420	105,140	175	110	65
Punjabi	118,400	61,155	57,240	155	105	50
Sinhalese	7,285	3,605	3,685	10	10	0
Sri Lankan	152,595	75,010	77,585	60	30	30
Tamil	48,670	24,845	23,825	30	25	10
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	76,400	38,815	37,585	50	30	15
East and Southeast Asian origins	3,163,360	1,467,205	1,696,155	10,955	4,620	6,330
Burmese	9,335	4,535	4,795	25	0	30
Cambodian (Khmer)	38,490	18,515	19,980	55	30	30
Chinese	1,769,195	836,150	933,045	5,750	2,575	3,180
Filipino	837,130	369,105	468,025	2,285	850	1,435
Hmong	805	420	390	10	10	0
Indonesian	21,390	9,950	11,440	130	40	85
Japanese	121,485	53,415	68,070	1,370	490	880
Karen	4,510	2,275	2,240	0	0	0
Korean	198,210	93,680	104,525	855	395	465
Laotian	24,580	12,190	12,390	10	10	0
Malaysian	16,920	7,735	9,185	130	50	75
Mongolian	7,480	3,560	3,915	50	30	15
Singaporean	2,850	1,325	1,520	10	0	10
Taiwanese	36,510	16,570	19,945	150	60	85
Thai	19,010	7,330	11,680	210	75	140
Tibetan	8,040	4,055	3,985	0	0	0
Vietnamese	240,615	115,935	124,680	445	205	240
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	6,500	3,150	3,355	15	0	15
Other Asian origins	22,745	11,280	11,460	45	20	20
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	22,740	11,280	11,460	45	20	25
Oceania origins	85,470	43,030	42,440	920	440	475
Australian	42,315	21,710	20,605	515	245	275
New Zealander	15,395	8,065	7,330	220	120	100
Pacific Islands origins	29,485	14,240	15,250	235	115	125
Fijian	19,375	9,280	10,090	75	45	30
Hawaiian	3,295	1,500	1,795	70	25	45
Maori	2,500	1,310	1,195	40	15	20
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	1,530	725	805	20	10	0
Samoan	1,100	625	475	35	15	20
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	2,335	1,145	1,185	25	20	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	14,072,075	...	...	59,090	...	...
Owner	9,541,320	...	...	27,535	...	...
Renter	4,474,530	...	...	31,555	...	...
Band housing	56,230	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	14,072,075	...	...	59,090	...	...
Condominium	1,874,840	...	...	14,420	...	...
Not condominium	12,197,240	...	...	44,675	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	14,072,080	...	...	59,090	...	...
No bedrooms	93,345	...	...	1,740	...	...
1 bedroom	1,925,015	...	...	19,610	...	...
2 bedrooms	3,547,090	...	...	19,865	...	...
3 bedrooms	4,836,485	...	...	9,730	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,670,145	...	...	8,140	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	14,072,075	...	...	59,095	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	4,068,915	...	...	31,395	...	...
5 rooms	2,177,045	...	...	8,355	...	...
6 rooms	1,981,585	...	...	5,320	...	...
7 rooms	1,790,180	...	...	4,165	...	...
8 or more rooms	4,054,355	...	...	9,865	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	5.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	14,072,080	...	...	59,095	...	...
One person or fewer per room	13,802,060	...	...	58,600	...	...
More than 1 person per room	270,020	...	...	495	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	14,072,075	...	...	59,090	...	...
Suitable	13,376,345	...	...	56,440	...	...
Not suitable	695,730	...	...	2,655	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	14,072,080	...	...	59,095	...	...
1960 or before	3,126,380	...	...	22,405	...	...
1961 to 1980	4,185,510	...	...	19,565	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,977,640	...	...	5,790	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,746,390	...	...	5,205	...	...
2001 to 2005	976,390	...	...	1,660	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,089,750	...	...	2,455	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	970,015	...	...	2,015	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	14,072,080	...	...	59,090	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	13,151,600	...	...	55,555	...	...
Major repairs needed	920,480	...	...	3,535	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	14,072,080	...	...	59,095	...	...
1 household maintainer	8,324,865	...	...	37,440	...	...
2 household maintainers	5,404,800	...	...	20,175	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	342,415	...	...	1,475	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	14,072,080	...	...	59,095	...	...
15 to 24 years	437,230	...	...	3,745	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,991,685	...	...	10,440	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,414,920	...	...	8,365	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,862,870	...	...	9,165	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,859,315	...	...	10,720	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,034,220	...	...	9,590	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,084,700	...	...	4,755	...	...
85 years and over	387,135	...	...	2,315	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	13,798,305	...	...	58,975	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	10,472,355	...	...	38,930	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,325,950	...	...	20,050	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,861,615	...	...	16,715	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	9,368,330	...	...	27,540	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	60.7	...	...	52.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	16.6	...	...	19.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,130	...	...	1,085	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,313	...	...	1,395	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	341,556	...	...	601,878	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	443,058	...	...	713,187	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,452,850	...	...	31,550	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	13.0	...	...	12.5	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	40.0	...	...	46.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	910	...	...	971	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,002	...	...	1,072	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,580	100,005	46,965	53,040
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,239,575	2,667,995	2,571,585	9,515	4,880	4,635
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	7,576,400	3,686,630	3,889,770	25,185	12,255	12,925
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,230	65,310	29,830	35,480
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,800,260	1,906,610	893,650	5,965	3,980	1,985
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,549,880	880,365	669,515	2,760	1,385	1,375
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	1,250,385	1,026,250	224,140	3,200	2,600	600
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,553,825	2,326,940	3,226,890	17,185	6,800	10,390
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	813,335	331,940	481,395	2,930	1,020	1,910
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,659,615	3,070,315	3,589,300	39,230	18,035	21,195
Bachelor's degree	4,443,835	1,967,905	2,475,935	23,320	10,310	13,010
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	462,295	203,725	258,570	2,560	1,100	1,450
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	190,925	102,530	88,395	1,385	870	515
Master's degree	1,331,045	651,510	679,535	9,370	4,190	5,175
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	231,510	144,640	86,870	2,595	1,555	1,045
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	63,435	30,485	32,950
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,169,790	1,200,110	969,685	3,830	2,385	1,445
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	4,494,585	2,247,020	2,247,565	12,985	7,040	5,945
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,267,005	5,821,425	6,445,580	46,620	21,055	25,565
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,042,430	1,377,775	664,650	3,925	2,710	1,215
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,145,035	639,785	505,250	1,855	975	880
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	897,390	737,990	159,405	2,070	1,735	335
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,241,985	1,786,065	2,455,920	12,335	5,050	7,285
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	580,885	240,040	340,850	1,875	725	1,150
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	5,401,705	2,417,555	2,984,155	28,490	12,580	15,910
Bachelor's degree	3,590,080	1,562,160	2,027,925	17,330	7,560	9,765
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	362,455	151,205	211,250	1,745	745	1,000
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	153,290	74,440	78,855	975	535	435
Master's degree	1,120,190	527,335	592,850	6,930	2,940	3,995
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	175,685	102,415	73,275	1,515	800	715
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	100,010	46,965	53,040
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	12,815,980	6,354,625	6,461,350	34,695	17,135	17,560
Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,800	5,000	1,445	3,555
13. Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,805	5,000	1,445	3,555
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	596,230	268,050	328,180	3,825	1,560	2,265
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	99,020	72,865	26,150	315	250	60
50. Visual and performing arts	497,210	195,185	302,025	3,510	1,310	2,200
Humanities	850,840	330,490	520,345	5,565	2,220	3,345
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	98,000	22,100	75,900	765	215	555
23. English language and literature/letters	178,590	52,785	125,810	1,915	655	1,260
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	275,525	104,135	171,390	860	325	535
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	4,160	1,640	2,520	75	20	60
38. Philosophy and religious studies	51,930	30,185	21,750	455	265	190
39. Theology and religious vocations	77,490	46,285	31,200	215	120	90
54. History	111,465	59,965	51,500	1,020	590	430
55. French language and literature/letters	53,680	13,400	40,290	255	25	225
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,761,900	586,455	1,175,445	11,425	4,655	6,765
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	24,685	5,660	19,025	320	75	240
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	182,275	68,030	114,245	905	285	625
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	324,660	26,065	298,595	940	100	840
22. Legal professions and studies	289,600	102,660	186,945	1,610	720	890
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	35,445	8,150	27,295	260	105	150
42. Psychology	281,470	71,230	210,230	2,295	815	1,480
45. Social sciences	623,775	304,660	319,110	5,095	2,560	2,535
Business, management and public administration	3,360,045	1,272,475	2,087,565	11,265	4,640	6,625
30.16 Accounting and computer science	6,190	1,850	4,340	15	15	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	237,835	48,815	189,015	1,570	480	1,090
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,116,025	1,221,805	1,894,215	9,680	4,145	5,535
Physical and life sciences and technologies	614,280	315,665	298,615	3,400	1,910	1,495
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	249,955	105,560	144,400	1,650	750	895
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	125,600	61,685	63,915	455	215	240
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	28,155	12,625	15,530	15	0	15
40. Physical sciences	179,305	122,815	56,485	1,200	915	280
41. Science technologies/technicians	31,270	12,980	18,290	85	25	60
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	651,480	420,370	231,110	2,600	1,710	885
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	514,685	356,435	158,250	1,895	1,400	500
25. Library science	40,820	6,495	34,320	290	50	240
27. Mathematics and statistics	86,655	50,930	35,725	370	235	135
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	9,325	6,510	2,815	35	25	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,327,405	3,022,700	304,700	7,395	6,545	845
04. Architecture and related services	114,315	72,880	41,435	585	385	195
14. Engineering	752,465	615,880	136,585	2,050	1,785	270
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	620,065	551,855	68,205	1,500	1,330	165
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	410	85	325	15	0	10
46. Construction trades	702,155	682,710	19,445	1,650	1,590	60
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	731,135	709,430	21,705	930	860	70
48. Precision production	406,855	389,850	17,005	665	595	70
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	339,050	219,040	120,010	1,350	800	545
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	205,930	127,925	78,005	530	290	240
03. Natural resources and conservation	133,120	91,115	42,005	820	510	310
Health and related fields	2,266,720	441,180	1,825,545	10,410	2,670	7,745
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	164,295	81,260	83,040	770	385	380
51. Health professions and related programs	2,047,680	329,010	1,718,670	9,120	1,940	7,175
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	54,740	30,910	23,830	520	340	185
Personal, protective and transportation services	995,825	507,200	488,630	3,040	1,650	1,390
12. Personal and culinary services	565,555	151,530	414,025	2,095	895	1,200
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	3,505	3,080	420	65	60	10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	7,900	7,230	670	75	70	10
43. Security and protective services	206,745	150,540	56,205	290	165	120
49. Transportation and materials moving	212,125	194,810	17,315	515	455	60
Other	3,170	885	2,280	30	20	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	3,170	890	2,280	30	20	15
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	18,931,385	9,268,555	9,662,825	63,435	30,485	32,950
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	6,664,380	3,447,130	3,217,250	16,815	9,425	7,390
Education	727,515	160,315	567,205	2,880	840	2,040
13. Education	727,515	160,315	567,200	2,880	835	2,045
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	467,905	208,365	259,545	2,910	1,195	1,715
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	74,530	53,995	20,535	210	160	50
50. Visual and performing arts	393,375	154,370	239,005	2,700	1,035	1,665
Humanities	614,815	232,425	382,390	3,690	1,410	2,285
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	76,540	16,200	60,340	520	125	400
23. English language and literature/letters	133,800	38,310	95,485	1,295	435	860
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	191,005	71,770	119,235	590	205	390
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	3,140	1,250	1,895	55	15	40
38. Philosophy and religious studies	37,870	21,930	15,940	275	155	120
39. Theology and religious vocations	52,295	31,200	21,090	115	55	65
54. History	82,565	43,475	39,085	710	415	295
55. French language and literature/letters	37,600	8,285	29,315	130	10	125
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,417,625	453,100	964,525	8,525	3,320	5,205
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20,300	4,595	15,705	225	40	190
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	152,080	56,125	95,955	790	250	540
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	259,845	19,160	240,685	720	85	625
22. Legal professions and studies	241,170	76,720	164,445	1,155	425	730
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	27,310	6,390	20,920	225	100	125
42. Psychology	218,470	51,570	166,900	1,580	540	1,040
45. Social sciences	498,450	238,540	259,915	3,825	1,880	1,945
Business, management and public administration	2,696,770	1,000,895	1,695,875	8,245	3,370	4,875
30.16 Accounting and computer science	4,955	1,480	3,475	15	10	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	192,190	36,890	155,305	1,080	325	755
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,499,625	962,530	1,537,095	7,145	3,030	4,115
Physical and life sciences and technologies	449,870	222,120	227,755	2,425	1,285	1,145
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	195,830	79,945	115,880	1,255	560	700
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	89,205	42,265	46,945	310	150	155
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	9,280	3,850	5,430	10	0	10
40. Physical sciences	132,935	87,025	45,905	805	565	240
41. Science technologies/technicians	22,625	9,035	13,590	40	10	35
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	567,415	368,840	198,575	2,075	1,380	695
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	464,000	321,805	142,190	1,615	1,190	425
25. Library science	29,955	4,870	25,080	195	40	155
27. Mathematics and statistics	65,620	36,895	28,725	235	130	110
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	7,840	5,270	2,575	30	20	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,532,555	2,271,735	260,820	5,180	4,525	660
04. Architecture and related services	93,135	57,280	35,850	405	245	165
14. Engineering	612,265	490,980	121,285	1,470	1,245	220
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	475,045	418,595	56,450	1,030	905	125
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	350	70	275	0	0	10
46. Construction trades	515,630	499,670	15,960	1,215	1,170	50
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	540,800	523,425	17,375	605	560	45
48. Precision production	295,335	281,715	13,620	455	405	50
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	269,445	167,680	101,770	1,035	545	490
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	159,975	94,680	65,295	400	210	195
03. Natural resources and conservation	109,470	73,000	36,470	640	340	300
Health and related fields	1,749,545	342,395	1,407,145	7,365	1,915	5,445
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	129,560	63,315	66,245	630	310	315
51. Health professions and related programs	1,576,945	256,895	1,320,050	6,400	1,420	4,985
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	43,040	22,185	20,860	335	190	150
Personal, protective and transportation services	770,950	392,820	378,135	2,260	1,260	995
12. Personal and culinary services	431,415	114,395	317,025	1,525	705	825
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	2,725	2,355	375	35	30	10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	4,425	3,975	445	65	65	0
43. Security and protective services	162,995	116,750	46,240	250	140	110
49. Transportation and materials moving	169,400	155,340	14,050	385	335	55
Other	2,590	745	1,845	25	15	15
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	2,585	740	1,845	30	15	10
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,585	100,010	46,965	53,040
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,815,975	6,354,625	6,461,350	34,700	17,140	17,560
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,235	65,310	29,830	35,485
Location of study inside Canada	13,117,190	6,299,305	6,817,890	53,575	24,465	29,110
Same as province or territory of residence	11,519,215	5,503,640	6,015,575	35,970	16,160	19,815
Different than province or territory of residence	1,597,975	795,655	802,315	17,605	8,310	9,290
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	2,709,850	1,336,505	1,373,345	11,735	5,365	6,370
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	349,540	189,995	159,545	3,210	1,540	1,670
Philippines	298,830	109,820	189,020	1,015	285	730
India	281,415	142,410	138,995	205	110	100
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	232,035	131,050	100,980	2,570	1,380	1,195
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	205,375	94,690	110,685	570	220	350
France	88,860	50,400	38,455	135	65	75
Other	1,253,790	618,135	635,655	4,020	1,765	2,260
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	63,435	30,485	32,950
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,664,380	3,447,125	3,217,250	16,815	9,425	7,390
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	12,267,005	5,821,430	6,445,575	46,620	21,060	25,560
Location of study inside Canada	10,134,590	4,807,045	5,327,545	38,955	17,855	21,100
Same as province or territory of residence	8,918,160	4,207,495	4,710,665	27,470	12,410	15,055
Different than province or territory of residence	1,216,425	599,545	616,875	11,490	5,445	6,045
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	2,132,415	1,014,385	1,118,030	7,665	3,200	4,460
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	254,245	131,955	122,290	1,805	775	1,030
Philippines	263,095	96,025	167,065	930	250	680
India	239,535	117,445	122,090	160	75	85
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	133,655	73,575	60,085	1,140	580	560
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	175,825	79,635	96,190	480	185	300
France	72,920	40,610	32,310	115	55	60
Other	993,135	475,145	517,990	3,035	1,285	1,745
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,585	100,005	46,970	53,040
In the labour force	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,645	64,835	32,160	32,675
Employed	17,230,040	8,923,540	8,306,490	60,925	30,060	30,865
Unemployed	1,442,435	808,285	634,150	3,915	2,105	1,815
Not in the labour force	9,970,545	4,258,605	5,711,945	35,170	14,805	20,370
Participation rate	65.2	69.6	61.0	64.8	68.5	61.6
Employment rate	60.2	63.8	56.7	60.9	64.0	58.2
Unemployment rate	7.7	8.3	7.1	6.0	6.5	5.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,580	100,005	46,965	53,045
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	9,282,005	3,930,570	5,351,440	32,250	13,545	18,710
Worked	19,361,010	10,059,865	9,301,150	67,755	33,420	34,335
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	9,626,010	5,402,110	4,223,895	30,275	16,265	14,010
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	9,735,005	4,657,755	5,077,245	37,485	17,155	20,330
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.4	42.9	42.0	41.8	42.2	41.4
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	18,672,470	9,731,825	8,940,640	64,840	32,165	32,675
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,705	206,640	1,125	550	575
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000	63,715	31,620	32,100
Employee	16,073,685	8,158,745	7,914,940	54,600	26,370	28,230
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	2,194,440	1,375,380	819,060	9,115	5,250	3,870
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	18,672,470	9,731,830	8,940,645	64,840	32,160	32,680
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,710	206,640	1,125	545	575
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	18,268,120	9,534,120	8,734,005	63,715	31,620	32,100
0 Management occupations	2,013,370	1,251,165	762,205	6,875	3,970	2,900
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,874,305	862,870	2,011,440	9,830	3,250	6,575
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,273,660	990,560	283,105	5,365	4,205	1,155
3 Health occupations	1,245,885	244,730	1,001,155	5,430	1,570	3,860
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,138,445	672,945	1,465,495	10,290	3,770	6,520
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	557,275	255,705	301,570	3,310	1,450	1,865
6 Sales and service occupations	4,265,895	1,843,510	2,422,390	16,150	7,590	8,560
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,668,875	2,504,290	164,585	4,760	4,500	260
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	416,135	331,920	84,215	985	715	270
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	814,285	576,435	237,845	715	590	125
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,640	64,840	32,165	32,675
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,710	206,640	1,125	550	575
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000	63,715	31,620	32,100
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	444,680	310,000	134,675	370	250	120
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	271,300	219,880	51,420	190	160	30
22 Utilities	136,350	100,135	36,210	100	75	25
23 Construction	1,365,010	1,196,550	168,455	2,995	2,775	220
31-33 Manufacturing	1,596,570	1,149,745	446,820	1,780	1,295	485
41 Wholesale trade	665,685	451,230	214,455	845	580	270
44-45 Retail trade	2,110,200	984,090	1,126,115	7,040	3,410	3,630
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	876,050	656,375	219,670	1,790	1,335	450
51 Information and cultural industries	420,350	243,650	176,705	1,575	890	685
52 Finance and insurance	790,580	327,865	462,715	1,945	985	960
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	333,305	184,350	148,955	1,590	855	730
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,335,125	740,520	594,605	6,615	3,995	2,620
55 Management of companies and enterprises	28,795	12,795	16,000	70	25	45
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	802,420	462,825	339,590	2,730	1,565	1,165
61 Educational services	1,346,585	420,845	925,735	6,370	2,520	3,845
62 Health care and social assistance	2,138,025	383,755	1,754,270	9,110	2,370	6,740
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	379,740	192,875	186,865	1,905	910	995
72 Accommodation and food services	1,283,725	535,210	748,515	6,925	3,220	3,700
81 Other services (except public administration)	814,695	371,880	442,815	2,760	1,045	1,720
91 Public administration	1,128,945	589,530	539,405	7,010	3,350	3,665
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	17,230,035	8,923,540	8,306,495	60,925	30,060	30,865
Worked at home	1,272,285	639,500	632,785	5,445	2,790	2,660
Worked outside Canada	78,815	54,235	24,580	320	200	115
No fixed workplace address	1,987,260	1,487,445	499,820	6,335	4,335	1,995
Worked at usual place	13,891,675	6,742,360	7,149,315	48,830	22,735	26,090
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	13,891,680	6,742,365	7,149,315	48,825	22,735	26,090
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	8,102,115	3,723,115	4,379,005	26,610	11,600	15,005
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,906,390	1,435,640	1,470,750	20,965	10,395	10,570
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,725,205	1,492,170	1,233,030	900	500	400
Commute to a different province or territory	157,970	91,445	66,525	355	240	110
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135	55,155	27,075	28,085
Car, truck, van - as a driver	11,748,095	6,380,120	5,367,975	26,340	13,870	12,470
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	868,920	349,855	519,065	2,325	770	1,555
Public transit	1,968,215	846,735	1,121,485	7,530	3,110	4,420
Walked	877,985	392,950	485,030	11,285	4,875	6,410
Bicycle	222,130	146,615	75,515	6,120	3,475	2,640
Other method	193,595	113,525	80,060	1,560	980	580
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	15,878,945	8,229,810	7,649,130	55,160	27,075	28,090
Less than 15 minutes	4,449,920	2,071,365	2,378,555	19,335	9,090	10,250
15 to 29 minutes	5,314,295	2,725,165	2,589,130	24,455	11,970	12,480
30 to 44 minutes	3,228,845	1,782,680	1,446,165	8,100	4,270	3,830
45 to 59 minutes	1,391,060	768,115	622,940	1,895	940	950
60 minutes and over	1,494,830	882,485	612,345	1,375	800	575
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135	55,160	27,075	28,085
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,073,680	781,230	292,455	1,565	1,000	565
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,814,750	1,754,045	1,060,710	6,015	3,490	2,525
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	4,458,835	2,217,210	2,241,620	14,350	7,290	7,065
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,349,975	1,408,710	1,941,265	16,100	7,115	8,985
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,756,265	752,940	1,003,325	8,940	4,010	4,935
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,425,435	1,315,670	1,109,765	8,175	4,170	4,010
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	19,956,255	10,342,970	9,613,285	70,080	34,570	35,505
Single responses	19,365,980	10,042,855	9,323,130	69,600	34,345	35,250
Official languages	19,090,545	9,897,470	9,193,075	69,160	34,135	35,020
English	15,265,335	7,952,010	7,313,320	68,935	34,090	34,845
French	3,825,215	1,945,465	1,879,750	225	45	175
Non-official languages	275,430	145,380	130,055	445	210	230
Aboriginal languages	24,950	12,385	12,565	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	14,440	7,370	7,070	0	0	0
Blackfoot	80	45	35	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	11,540	5,820	5,720	0	0	0
Atikamekw	1,095	580	515	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	2,055	970	1,085	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	370	180	190	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	40	25	10	0	0	0
Plains Cree	95	60	35	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	15	10	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	75	35	40	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	7,795	3,965	3,835	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	925	510	420	0	0	0
Malecite	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	915	505	410	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	1,895	995	900	0	0	0
Algonquin	45	20	25	0	0	0
Ojibway	765	380	385	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	1,080	595	485	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	1,140	530	610	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	1,135	525	610	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	20	0	15	0	0	0
Chilcotin	20	0	10	0	0	0
Dene	770	360	405	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	165	80	80	0	0	0
Gwich'in	10	10	10	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	135	65	70	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	95	45	45	0	0	0
South Slavey	35	20	20	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages	8,845	4,255	4,595	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	35	10	25	0	0	0
Inuktitut	8,800	4,240	4,555	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Cayuga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	35	10	25	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	10	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	110	25	85	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lillooet	15	10	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	20	10	20	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	35	0	30	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	15	0	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	260	155	105	0	0	0
Dakota	20	10	10	0	0	0
Stoney	240	145	95	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	10	10	10	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	25	0	20	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nisga'a	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	30	15	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	250,485	132,990	117,490	440	215	235
Afro-Asiatic languages	7,380	4,530	2,850	0	10	0
Berber languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Kabyle	20	0	20	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	15	10	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	275	105	170	0	0	0
Bilen	10	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	45	25	20	0	0	0
Somali	220	80	145	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	7,065	4,420	2,650	10	0	0
Amharic	200	95	100	0	0	0
Arabic	5,585	3,695	1,890	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	205	155	55	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	30	20	15	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	825	335	490	0	0	0
Maltese	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	135	70	60	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	8,550	3,790	4,760	10	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	475	230	245	0	0	0
Vietnamese	8,070	3,560	4,510	10	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	3,850	1,750	2,095	0	10	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	75	20	55	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	25	0	15	0	0	0
Ilocano	110	50	60	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	140	75	65	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	3,450	1,580	1,875	10	10	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	40	25	15	0	0	0
Creole languages	350	125	225	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	25	10	15	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	315	110	200	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	2,225	1,060	1,165	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	90	50	45	0	0	0
Tamil	2,090	1,005	1,080	0	0	0
Telugu	45	10	35	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	85,550	47,305	38,245	70	20	50
Albanian	350	220	125	0	0	0
Armenian	450	220	230	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10,075	4,745	5,330	15	0	15
Baltic languages	95	35	60	0	0	0
Latvian	40	10	25	0	0	0
Lithuanian	60	25	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages	9,980	4,710	5,270	15	0	15
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	155	90	65	0	0	0
Bulgarian	205	110	90	0	0	0
Croatian	220	130	95	0	0	0
Czech	70	40	30	0	0	0
Macedonian	95	45	55	0	0	0
Polish	2,500	1,265	1,235	10	0	0
Russian	4,850	2,135	2,720	10	0	10
Serbian	530	320	210	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	30	25	0	0	0	0
Slovak	100	60	40	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,210	485	725	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	15	15	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	13,285	7,455	5,835	10	10	10
Afrikaans	85	40	40	0	0	0
Danish	90	50	35	0	0	0
Dutch	1,165	630	540	0	0	0
Frisian	40	25	15	0	0	0
German	10,065	5,715	4,345	10	0	10
Icelandic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	65	30	40	0	0	0
Swedish	125	55	70	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	35	20	15	0	0	0
Yiddish	895	390	505	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	720	495	225	0	0	0
Greek	1,020	545	475	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	37,330	21,140	16,190	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	32,485	18,125	14,360	10	10	0
Bengali	530	275	245	0	0	0
Gujarati	880	300	585	0	0	0
Hindi	1,405	755	650	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	10	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	15	15	0	0	0
Nepali	195	95	100	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	27,870	15,945	11,920	0	0	0
Sindhi	35	10	30	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	40	25	20	0	0	0
Urdu	1,495	705	790	0	0	0
Iranian languages	4,820	3,000	1,815	0	0	0
Kurdish	185	150	40	0	0	0
Pashto	50	20	25	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	4,580	2,830	1,750	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	23,025	12,965	10,060	40	15	30
Catalan	30	10	20	0	0	0
Italian	1,705	895	805	10	0	10
Portuguese	7,490	4,795	2,695	0	0	10
Romanian	745	365	380	0	0	0
Spanish	13,030	6,885	6,145	25	10	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	3,255	1,195	2,065	25	0	25
Kartvelian languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Georgian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Korean	12,150	6,260	5,885	30	20	10
Mongolic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	235	120	115	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	25	10	20	0	0	0
Bamanankan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	20	10	10	0	0	0
Igbo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	0	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	25	0	15	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	80	50	30	0	0	0
Wolof	10	0	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	0	15	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	20	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	1,920	740	1,180	30	10	25
American Sign Language	1,145	340	810	30	10	25
Quebec Sign Language	135	15	115	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	640	390	255	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	122,880	65,030	57,850	240	135	110
Chinese languages	122,610	64,880	57,730	245	130	110
Cantonese	58,815	30,485	28,340	110	65	45
Hakka	70	25	45	0	0	0
Mandarin	60,090	32,430	27,665	130	70	65
Min Dong	25	15	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	565	335	225	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	105	65	45	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	2,930	1,530	1,405	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	270	155	115	0	0	0
Burmese	75	35	35	0	0	0
Karenic languages	135	75	55	0	0	0
Tibetan	50	30	20	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	675	270	405	20	0	10
Lao	150	70	80	0	0	0
Thai	525	205	325	20	10	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	750	475	275	10	10	0
Azerbaijani	30	20	0	0	0	0
Turkish	685	435	255	10	10	0
Uyghur	15	15	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	15	10	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	595	270	325	0	0	0
Estonian	50	15	40	0	0	0
Finnish	105	40	65	0	0	0
Hungarian	435	225	215	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	80	45	35	0	0	0
Multiple responses	590,270	300,115	290,155	475	220	255
English and French	412,680	211,095	201,585	150	90	60
English and non-official language	154,285	77,870	76,420	315	135	180
French and non-official language	7,830	3,595	4,235	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15,475	7,565	7,915	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	19,956,250	10,342,970	9,613,290	70,080	34,570	35,510
None	17,456,725	9,056,235	8,400,490	67,285	33,350	33,935
English	1,259,225	661,460	597,765	405	130	265
French	705,780	349,035	356,745	1,030	510	515
Non-official language	496,565	257,455	239,105	1,260	530	725
Aboriginal	37,615	17,215	20,400	30	15	15
Non-Aboriginal	458,945	240,245	218,710	1,230	520	710
English and French	2,535	1,200	1,335	0	0	0
English and non-official language	18,040	8,765	9,280	0	0	0
French and non-official language	17,265	8,730	8,540	100	40	55
English, French and non-official language	115	90	30	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	34,091,785	16,783,745	17,308,035	111,200	52,565	58,630
Non-movers	29,644,795	14,593,190	15,051,605	88,390	41,765	46,625
Movers	4,446,990	2,190,555	2,256,435	22,805	10,805	12,005
Non-migrants	2,623,515	1,292,750	1,330,760	13,675	6,505	7,170
Migrants	1,823,475	897,805	925,670	9,130	4,300	4,840
Internal migrants	1,451,005	713,060	737,945	7,260	3,425	3,840
Intraprovincial migrants	1,189,525	580,895	608,630	4,405	1,970	2,435
Interprovincial migrants	261,475	132,160	129,315	2,855	1,455	1,400
External migrants	372,475	184,745	187,730	1,870	870	1,000
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	32,568,560	16,004,315	16,564,245	108,025	50,965	57,060
Non-movers	20,134,760	9,902,645	10,232,115	52,650	24,810	27,840
Movers	12,433,805	6,101,675	6,332,130	55,380	26,155	29,225
Non-migrants	6,755,630	3,314,730	3,440,905	29,315	14,005	15,310
Migrants	5,678,175	2,786,945	2,891,230	26,065	12,150	13,915
Internal migrants	4,296,720	2,104,325	2,192,395	19,710	9,255	10,450
Intraprovincial migrants	3,467,670	1,689,950	1,777,720	11,910	5,475	6,430
Interprovincial migrants	829,045	414,375	414,670	7,800	3,775	4,020
External migrants	1,381,460	682,625	698,835	6,360	2,895	3,465