Census Profile, 2016 Census
Canada [Country] and Calgary [Census metropolitan area], Alberta

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Canada [Country]			Calgary Alberta [Census metropolitan area]
	Data quality , Canada [Country]  Map : Canada [Country] Change geography 1			Data quality : Calgary [Census metropolitan area], Alberta  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	35,151,728	...	...	1,392,609	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	33,476,688	...	...	1,214,839	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	5.0	...	...	14.6	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	15,412,443	...	...	544,870	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	14,072,079	...	...	519,693	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	3.9	...	...	272.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	8,965,588.85	...	...	5,110.21	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	35,151,730	17,264,200	17,887,530	1,392,610	695,130	697,480
0 to 14 years	5,839,565	2,992,920	2,846,645	261,455	134,160	127,295
0 to 4 years	1,898,790	973,030	925,760	89,105	45,740	43,365
5 to 9 years	2,018,130	1,034,685	983,445	91,800	47,295	44,510
10 to 14 years	1,922,645	985,200	937,445	80,545	41,125	39,420
15 to 64 years	23,376,530	11,576,130	11,800,400	978,150	490,645	487,505
15 to 19 years	2,026,160	1,039,215	986,940	79,480	40,845	38,635
20 to 24 years	2,242,690	1,144,495	1,098,200	86,685	44,005	42,680
25 to 29 years	2,285,990	1,144,470	1,141,515	109,505	54,295	55,210
30 to 34 years	2,329,395	1,148,290	1,181,110	121,380	60,440	60,940
35 to 39 years	2,288,365	1,118,635	1,169,730	112,890	55,980	56,905
40 to 44 years	2,255,135	1,104,440	1,150,695	105,290	52,705	52,585
45 to 49 years	2,359,965	1,157,760	1,202,210	98,845	50,050	48,800
50 to 54 years	2,678,075	1,318,755	1,359,320	97,860	48,970	48,890
55 to 59 years	2,620,240	1,285,190	1,335,055	92,715	46,440	46,275
60 to 64 years	2,290,510	1,114,885	1,175,630	73,495	36,915	36,580
65 years and over	5,935,630	2,695,150	3,240,485	153,005	70,325	82,680
65 to 69 years	1,972,480	953,075	1,019,405	55,100	27,040	28,060
70 to 74 years	1,420,875	677,975	742,900	35,250	16,940	18,310
75 to 79 years	1,021,850	469,550	552,300	24,900	11,275	13,625
80 to 84 years	749,650	325,765	423,880	18,705	8,165	10,540
85 years and over	770,780	268,790	501,990	19,055	6,910	12,145
85 to 89 years	482,525	185,535	296,990	12,215	4,835	7,380
90 to 94 years	223,510	68,675	154,835	5,230	1,690	3,535
95 to 99 years	56,525	13,240	43,280	1,440	360	1,080
100 years and over	8,230	1,340	6,890	165	25	145
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.3	15.9	18.8	19.3	18.3
15 to 64 years	66.5	67.1	66.0	70.2	70.6	69.9
65 years and over	16.9	15.6	18.1	11.0	10.1	11.9
85 years and over	2.2	1.6	2.8	1.4	1.0	1.7
Average age of the population	41.0	40.1	41.9	37.4	36.8	38.0
Median age of the population	41.2	40.2	42.2	36.6	36.2	37.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	14,072,080	...	...	519,695	...	...
Single-detached house	7,541,495	...	...	302,795	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,391,040	...	...	32,925	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	4,949,795	...	...	181,450	...	...
Semi-detached house	698,800	...	...	33,085	...	...
Row house	891,305	...	...	49,205	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	784,300	...	...	22,075	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,539,390	...	...	76,785	...	...
Other single-attached house	36,005	...	...	300	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	189,755	...	...	2,525	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	14,072,080	...	...	519,690	...	...
1 person	3,969,790	...	...	122,265	...	...
2 persons	4,834,605	...	...	169,020	...	...
3 persons	2,140,640	...	...	87,740	...	...
4 persons	1,946,275	...	...	86,055	...	...
5 or more persons	1,180,770	...	...	54,610	...	...
Number of persons in private households	34,460,060	...	...	1,374,655	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	29,312,160	14,271,280	15,040,885	1,131,155	560,970	570,185
Married or living common law	16,893,720	8,452,135	8,441,585	677,550	339,600	337,945
Married	13,383,455	6,693,465	6,689,990	575,690	288,535	287,160
Living common law	3,510,265	1,758,670	1,751,590	101,855	51,070	50,785
Not married and not living common law	12,418,440	5,819,140	6,599,300	453,610	221,365	232,240
Never married	8,254,340	4,444,425	3,809,915	319,635	175,235	144,400
Separated	718,295	309,905	408,400	24,765	10,830	13,940
Divorced	1,816,005	725,535	1,090,470	68,000	26,635	41,365
Widowed	1,629,800	339,280	1,290,525	41,205	8,670	32,535
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	9,840,730	...	...	381,845	...	...
2 persons	5,007,790	...	...	175,305	...	...
3 persons	2,107,830	...	...	85,150	...	...
4 persons	1,909,935	...	...	85,540	...	...
5 or more persons	815,170	...	...	35,845	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	9,840,730	...	...	381,850	...	...
Total couple families	8,227,925	...	...	329,420	...	...
Married couples	6,474,005	...	...	278,500	...	...
Common-law couples	1,753,920	...	...	50,915	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,612,805	...	...	52,430	...	...
Female parent	1,262,340	...	...	40,670	...	...
Male parent	350,465	...	...	11,760	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	8,227,925	...	...	329,415	...	...
Couples without children	4,024,305	...	...	143,105	...	...
Couples with children	4,203,615	...	...	186,315	...	...
1 child	1,650,165	...	...	70,125	...	...
2 children	1,783,080	...	...	81,655	...	...
3 or more children	770,375	...	...	34,530	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,612,805	...	...	52,430	...	...
1 child	983,485	...	...	32,200	...	...
2 children	457,670	...	...	15,030	...	...
3 or more children	171,655	...	...	5,200	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	6,107,260	2,941,395	3,165,865	235,085	120,495	114,590
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	14,072,075	...	...	519,695	...	...
One-census-family households	9,218,225	...	...	352,095	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	3,782,095	...	...	130,885	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	5,436,135	...	...	221,205	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	301,715	...	...	14,340	...	...
Non-census-family households	4,552,135	...	...	153,265	...	...
One-person households	3,969,790	...	...	122,265	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	582,350	...	...	30,995	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,080	1,381,340	689,610	691,730
English only	23,757,525	11,838,075	11,919,455	1,249,525	630,300	619,225
French only	4,144,685	1,925,845	2,218,840	1,270	555	715
English and French	6,216,065	3,071,325	3,144,740	100,425	46,430	54,000
Neither English nor French	648,970	265,920	383,045	30,125	12,325	17,795
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085	1,381,345	689,610	691,730
English	26,007,500	12,852,330	13,155,165	1,322,640	662,890	659,745
French	7,705,755	3,780,105	3,925,650	21,435	10,870	10,570
English and French	417,485	209,130	208,355	7,780	3,845	3,940
Neither English nor French	636,515	259,600	376,910	29,485	12,010	17,475
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	7,914,495	3,884,670	4,029,825	25,325	12,785	12,540
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	22.8	22.7	22.8	1.8	1.9	1.8
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,085	1,381,345	689,610	691,730
Single responses	33,948,620	16,702,840	17,245,775	1,341,085	670,010	671,080
Official languages	26,627,555	13,201,620	13,425,940	957,770	485,025	472,745
English	19,460,850	9,680,125	9,780,725	937,055	474,525	462,530
French	7,166,705	3,521,495	3,645,215	20,715	10,500	10,215
Non-official languages	7,321,065	3,501,220	3,819,840	383,320	184,985	198,335
Aboriginal languages	195,700	94,795	100,900	800	295	505
Algonquian languages	130,450	62,930	67,520	530	205	325
Blackfoot	2,815	1,325	1,490	240	90	145
Cree-Montagnais languages	88,445	42,920	45,530	215	90	130
Atikamekw	6,150	3,135	3,015	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	10,230	4,885	5,350	0	0	0
Moose Cree	100	50	55	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,205	590	620	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	315	125	190	0	0	0
Plains Cree	3,065	1,360	1,710	55	20	35
Southern East Cree	45	20	25	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	1,440	585	850	10	5	10
Woods Cree	1,840	865	975	10	5	5
Cree, n.o.s.	64,050	31,305	32,745	140	65	75
Eastern Algonquian languages	6,990	3,310	3,680	10	5	5
Malecite	305	140	160	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	6,690	3,170	3,520	10	5	5
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	32,150	15,350	16,800	60	10	50
Algonquin	1,260	590	670	0	5	0
Ojibway	17,890	8,440	9,450	55	10	40
Oji-Cree	12,855	6,260	6,595	5	0	5
Ottawa (Odawa)	150	65	85	0	0	5
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	45	25	20	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	17,365	8,325	9,045	95	30	65
Northern Athabaskan languages	17,315	8,310	9,010	100	35	65
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	110	55	60	0	0	0
Beaver	190	85	105	0	0	0
Carrier	1,025	465	565	5	0	5
Chilcotin	660	295	360	0	0	0
Dene	10,700	5,185	5,515	20	5	15
Dogrib (Tlicho)	1,645	840	815	5	0	5
Gwich'in	260	110	145	5	5	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	80	25	50	65	20	40
Sekani	90	45	45	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	1,995	950	1,045	5	0	5
North Slavey (Hare)	765	365	400	0	0	0
South Slavey	945	455	495	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	280	130	150	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	270	135	140	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	180	90	90	0	0	0
Tahltan	95	40	50	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	290	120	170	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	215	90	135	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	70	30	40	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	50	20	35	0	0	0
Haida	75	35	40	0	0	0
Inuit languages	36,545	18,100	18,445	20	10	15
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,025	445	575	5	0	0
Inuktitut	35,215	17,530	17,680	5	5	5
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	315	125	185	10	5	5
Iroquoian languages	1,115	485	635	0	0	0
Cayuga	45	20	20	0	0	0
Mohawk	980	430	555	0	0	5
Oneida	55	20	40	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	35	15	20	0	0	0
Kutenai	105	55	55	5	0	0
Michif	465	230	235	15	5	10
Salish languages	2,305	1,130	1,180	0	0	0
Comox	80	45	40	0	0	0
Halkomelem	475	225	245	0	0	0
Lillooet	315	155	155	0	0	0
Okanagan	270	135	135	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	445	225	220	0	0	0
Squamish	40	20	20	0	0	0
Straits	80	40	40	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	335	150	185	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	255	135	125	0	0	0
Siouan languages	4,285	2,070	2,220	110	35	75
Dakota	1,215	570	635	25	10	15
Stoney	3,025	1,465	1,555	85	25	60
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	55	30	25	0	0	0
Tlingit	95	40	55	5	0	5
Tsimshian languages	1,480	730	755	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	880	435	445	0	0	0
Nisga'a	400	200	200	0	0	0
Tsimshian	200	90	110	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	805	370	435	0	0	0
Haisla	90	40	50	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	95	40	55	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	325	145	185	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	285	135	140	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	585	295	295	25	15	15
Non-Aboriginal languages	7,125,365	3,406,425	3,718,945	382,515	184,685	197,830
Afro-Asiatic languages	575,365	298,060	277,300	29,655	15,570	14,085
Berber languages	22,135	11,865	10,270	140	80	65
Kabyle	13,150	6,995	6,155	65	30	35
Berber languages, n.i.e.	8,985	4,865	4,115	75	50	30
Cushitic languages	42,885	20,095	22,790	2,475	1,230	1,245
Bilen	805	455	350	50	30	20
Oromo	4,960	2,560	2,400	955	490	460
Somali	36,755	16,895	19,865	1,460	705	755
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	365	195	170	10	5	5
Semitic languages	509,190	265,465	243,725	27,000	14,230	12,765
Amharic	22,465	10,720	11,745	4,075	1,970	2,105
Arabic	419,890	220,785	199,105	18,965	10,190	8,775
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	16,070	7,910	8,160	295	160	135
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5,545	2,780	2,770	90	45	45
Harari	1,320	635	685	75	40	35
Hebrew	19,530	10,480	9,045	500	255	250
Maltese	5,565	2,765	2,800	35	15	20
Tigrigna	16,650	8,310	8,340	2,755	1,465	1,295
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	2,155	1,085	1,070	210	105	105
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	1,155	635	520	40	30	15
Austro-Asiatic languages	176,725	81,810	94,920	14,430	6,740	7,685
Khmer (Cambodian)	20,130	9,270	10,860	880	420	460
Vietnamese	156,425	72,470	83,955	13,540	6,315	7,225
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	170	65	100	5	5	5
Austronesian languages	511,480	211,580	299,900	48,360	20,915	27,445
Bikol	1,790	790	1,000	200	95	110
Cebuano	19,890	7,930	11,960	2,015	860	1,160
Fijian	745	400	345	45	30	20
Hiligaynon	6,885	2,680	4,205	690	275	415
Ilocano	26,345	10,620	15,720	2,595	1,125	1,475
Malagasy	1,430	665	760	20	10	15
Malay	12,275	5,255	7,020	800	345	455
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	4,040	1,865	2,175	265	135	135
Pangasinan	1,390	590	800	125	55	75
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	431,380	178,575	252,810	40,955	17,730	23,230
Waray-Waray	1,110	430	675	150	65	80
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	4,195	1,770	2,425	485	205	285
Creole languages	72,125	32,310	39,820	635	325	310
Haitian Creole	3,030	1,445	1,590	20	15	10
Creole, n.o.s.	64,105	28,455	35,660	435	215	215
Creole languages, n.i.e.	4,985	2,410	2,575	185	95	85
Dravidian languages	189,405	94,765	94,640	5,260	2,735	2,525
Kannada	3,970	2,040	1,935	285	140	145
Malayalam	28,570	14,770	13,800	2,130	1,095	1,030
Tamil	140,720	69,080	71,640	1,865	985	880
Telugu	15,655	8,640	7,020	950	505	450
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	490	240	250	25	15	15
Hmong-Mien languages	795	395	405	95	45	45
Indo-European languages	3,877,330	1,889,400	1,987,930	187,695	92,925	94,775
Albanian	26,890	13,610	13,285	1,365	720	645
Armenian	33,455	16,270	17,185	255	135	120
Balto-Slavic languages	701,975	323,640	378,340	31,330	14,650	16,675
Baltic languages	12,530	5,315	7,215	535	255	280
Latvian	5,455	2,350	3,105	190	90	95
Lithuanian	7,075	2,965	4,115	340	160	180
Slavic languages	689,450	318,325	371,115	30,795	14,400	16,395
Belarusan	810	385	430	20	10	10
Bosnian	12,210	6,035	6,180	850	420	430
Bulgarian	20,025	9,675	10,345	945	485	460
Croatian	48,200	23,540	24,665	2,100	1,040	1,065
Czech	22,290	10,525	11,765	1,495	700	795
Macedonian	16,775	8,050	8,725	160	75	85
Polish	181,710	82,435	99,275	8,150	3,830	4,315
Russian	188,255	85,400	102,855	9,555	4,310	5,240
Serbian	57,350	28,535	28,815	1,865	930	930
Serbo-Croatian	9,555	4,565	4,985	525	255	270
Slovak	17,580	8,075	9,510	1,175	575	600
Slovene (Slovenian)	9,790	4,415	5,370	270	115	155
Ukrainian	102,485	45,440	57,040	3,625	1,605	2,020
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	2,415	1,255	1,165	65	40	25
Celtic languages	2,690	1,335	1,360	140	70	65
Scottish Gaelic	1,090	540	550	50	25	30
Welsh	1,075	495	575	65	35	30
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	530	295	235	25	15	10
Germanic languages	538,765	258,410	280,350	18,575	8,965	9,615
Afrikaans	10,265	5,115	5,145	960	475	490
Danish	12,630	6,245	6,390	860	450	410
Dutch	99,020	48,200	50,820	4,040	2,015	2,025
Frisian	2,100	1,095	1,005	40	20	20
German	384,035	183,215	200,820	11,865	5,640	6,225
Icelandic	1,285	600	685	70	35	30
Norwegian	4,615	2,170	2,445	245	100	145
Swedish	6,840	3,015	3,825	295	130	165
Vlaams (Flemish)	3,895	1,730	2,165	100	50	50
Yiddish	13,555	6,750	6,800	80	40	45
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	525	280	240	15	5	5
Greek	106,525	53,350	53,170	1,590	795	795
Indo-Iranian languages	1,312,750	664,120	648,630	91,785	46,490	45,295
Indo-Aryan languages	1,064,760	538,530	526,235	78,710	39,685	39,030
Bengali	73,125	37,410	35,720	4,140	2,115	2,025
Gujarati	108,780	55,105	53,670	5,575	2,810	2,765
Hindi	110,640	55,880	54,765	7,390	3,765	3,625
Kashmiri	565	300	265	85	45	35
Konkani	3,330	1,625	1,710	175	90	85
Marathi	8,295	4,300	3,995	845	435	410
Nepali	18,275	9,230	9,045	1,940	1,020	920
Oriya (Odia)	1,055	560	495	100	50	45
Punjabi (Panjabi)	501,680	253,515	248,160	38,840	19,535	19,305
Sindhi	11,860	5,605	6,260	1,740	820	920
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	16,335	8,050	8,285	955	465	495
Urdu	210,815	106,960	103,860	16,930	8,530	8,405
Iranian languages	242,805	122,835	119,970	12,115	6,310	5,805
Kurdish	11,705	6,345	5,355	750	400	350
Pashto	16,910	8,760	8,145	1,640	840	800
Persian (Farsi)	214,200	107,725	106,470	9,725	5,065	4,660
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5,180	2,755	2,425	955	505	455
Italic (Romance) languages	1,154,270	558,660	595,615	42,660	21,100	21,565
Catalan	865	440	425	45	20	25
Italian	375,635	184,415	191,220	5,430	2,765	2,660
Portuguese	221,540	106,630	114,910	3,700	1,770	1,930
Romanian	96,665	46,195	50,470	4,795	2,455	2,335
Spanish	458,850	220,605	238,245	28,685	14,080	14,600
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	720	380	340	10	5	5
Japanese	43,640	14,790	28,855	2,420	845	1,580
Kartvelian languages	1,715	910	805	130	75	60
Georgian	1,715	910	805	135	75	55
Korean	153,425	70,310	83,115	9,220	4,280	4,945
Mongolic languages	1,575	690	885	450	215	235
Mongolian	1,575	690	880	450	215	240
Niger-Congo languages	91,375	45,075	46,305	5,910	3,035	2,875
Akan (Twi)	13,455	6,490	6,970	705	370	335
Bamanankan	1,535	815	720	15	5	5
Edo	1,670	770	900	100	65	40
Ewe	1,760	950	805	60	35	25
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	2,825	1,495	1,335	80	40	35
Ga	920	445	470	70	35	30
Ganda	1,295	625	665	45	15	25
Igbo	4,235	2,265	1,970	705	380	330
Lingala	3,810	1,785	2,025	85	40	45
Rundi (Kirundi)	5,845	2,785	3,060	150	75	75
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5,250	2,355	2,895	125	65	60
Shona	3,180	1,520	1,665	320	155	165
Swahili	13,370	6,385	6,990	795	390	410
Wolof	3,990	2,170	1,820	120	65	50
Yoruba	9,085	4,785	4,300	1,430	755	675
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	19,135	9,435	9,695	1,110	545	560
Nilo-Saharan languages	5,870	3,025	2,845	1,515	750	765
Dinka	2,120	1,115	1,000	725	365	360
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	3,755	1,910	1,840	785	380	405
Sign languages	7,500	3,925	3,575	260	150	110
American Sign Language	2,685	1,320	1,360	95	55	45
Quebec Sign Language	695	340	355	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	4,120	2,265	1,860	160	95	70
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,269,215	589,570	679,645	69,200	32,555	36,645
Chinese languages	1,253,360	581,650	671,715	67,960	31,940	36,015
Cantonese	565,270	262,865	302,405	34,235	16,085	18,150
Hakka	10,910	4,900	6,015	345	155	185
Mandarin	592,040	274,630	317,410	28,740	13,540	15,200
Min Dong	1,230	580	650	45	20	25
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	31,795	14,450	17,350	1,720	765	955
Wu (Shanghainese)	12,915	5,780	7,140	380	175	205
Chinese, n.o.s.	38,580	18,165	20,410	2,480	1,195	1,290
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	610	275	335	10	5	10
Tibeto-Burman languages	15,850	7,925	7,935	1,240	615	625
Burmese	3,585	1,795	1,790	265	140	130
Karenic languages	4,705	2,355	2,350	280	135	145
Tibetan	6,165	3,080	3,080	550	280	270
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	1,400	695	705	150	65	80
Tai-Kadai languages	22,010	8,870	13,145	1,115	400	715
Lao	12,670	6,145	6,525	470	210	255
Thai	9,255	2,690	6,565	635	185	450
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	80	35	55	10	5	5
Turkic languages	40,140	21,120	19,025	1,775	975	805
Azerbaijani	3,260	1,785	1,470	240	135	105
Turkish	32,815	17,375	15,440	1,265	715	555
Uyghur	1,035	510	525	60	30	30
Uzbek	1,715	855	865	75	40	35
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	1,315	590	720	140	65	80
Uralic languages	81,985	37,790	44,195	4,060	1,960	2,105
Estonian	5,445	2,325	3,115	95	50	45
Finnish	15,295	6,395	8,900	325	130	195
Hungarian	61,235	29,060	32,175	3,640	1,785	1,860
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	5	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	3,690	2,045	1,645	330	195	135
Multiple responses	818,635	398,325	420,305	40,255	19,605	20,650
English and French	165,320	80,460	84,860	3,600	1,715	1,885
English and non-official language	533,265	259,160	274,100	34,805	17,005	17,800
French and non-official language	86,150	42,170	43,985	1,060	550	510
English, French and non-official language	33,900	16,535	17,365	795	340	455
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085	1,381,345	689,610	691,735
Single responses	33,103,860	16,298,475	16,805,395	1,294,345	647,120	647,220
Official languages	29,106,670	14,383,020	14,723,645	1,073,700	539,385	534,315
English	22,162,865	10,966,135	11,196,730	1,065,075	534,990	530,085
French	6,943,800	3,416,890	3,526,910	8,625	4,395	4,230
Non-official languages	3,997,195	1,915,450	2,081,750	220,640	107,735	112,905
Aboriginal languages	118,470	59,720	58,750	210	105	110
Algonquian languages	75,080	37,825	37,260	145	75	65
Blackfoot	1,115	555	555	65	30	30
Cree-Montagnais languages	55,825	28,135	27,685	70	40	35
Atikamekw	5,465	2,825	2,640	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	8,590	4,195	4,395	0	5	0
Moose Cree	10	5	5	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,200	595	605	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	110	55	60	0	0	0
Plains Cree	1,350	665	685	5	5	0
Southern East Cree	20	5	15	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	330	140	190	0	0	0
Woods Cree	800	410	390	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	37,945	19,240	18,710	60	30	25
Eastern Algonquian languages	3,615	1,795	1,820	0	0	0
Malecite	55	30	30	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	3,560	1,770	1,795	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	14,525	7,335	7,190	5	5	5
Algonquin	370	170	200	0	0	0
Ojibway	6,175	3,165	3,015	5	5	5
Oji-Cree	7,900	3,960	3,940	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	75	40	35	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10,265	5,125	5,135	15	10	10
Northern Athabaskan languages	10,255	5,120	5,135	20	10	5
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Beaver	50	30	20	0	0	0
Carrier	245	115	130	0	0	0
Chilcotin	255	125	130	0	0	0
Dene	7,710	3,805	3,905	5	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	1,020	550	475	0	0	0
Gwich'in	45	25	25	5	5	5
Sarsi (Sarcee)	10	5	5	5	0	0
Sekani	15	10	5	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	820	425	395	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	340	180	155	0	0	0
South Slavey	370	190	185	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	105	55	55	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	25	10	10	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	5	5	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	25	15	10	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	10	0	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Haida	10	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	29,490	14,995	14,495	5	5	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	165	75	90	0	0	0
Inuktitut	29,230	14,885	14,345	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	90	40	55	0	0	5
Iroquoian languages	285	135	155	0	0	0
Cayuga	10	0	5	0	0	0
Mohawk	255	115	140	0	0	0
Oneida	15	5	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kutenai	15	10	5	5	0	5
Michif	85	40	45	5	0	5
Salish languages	285	130	150	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	45	20	25	0	0	0
Lillooet	25	15	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	85	35	45	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	55	30	20	0	0	0
Squamish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Straits	20	10	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages	2,225	1,085	1,140	40	15	25
Dakota	255	140	120	10	0	10
Stoney	1,950	940	1,010	25	10	15
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Tlingit	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	410	210	190	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	315	155	155	0	0	0
Nisga'a	70	40	30	0	0	0
Tsimshian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	75	45	35	0	0	0
Haisla	20	10	15	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	235	110	125	5	0	5
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,878,725	1,855,730	2,022,995	220,435	107,630	112,800
Afro-Asiatic languages	307,755	153,275	154,480	18,255	9,320	8,935
Berber languages	8,105	4,215	3,895	65	40	25
Kabyle	5,490	2,855	2,640	30	15	15
Berber languages, n.i.e.	2,620	1,365	1,260	35	20	15
Cushitic languages	27,095	12,455	14,640	1,645	805	845
Bilen	620	330	285	45	25	25
Oromo	3,410	1,700	1,710	705	350	360
Somali	22,895	10,340	12,555	885	425	460
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	185	85	95	5	5	0
Semitic languages	272,100	136,390	135,720	16,525	8,475	8,055
Amharic	12,780	6,010	6,770	2,730	1,310	1,420
Arabic	223,540	112,690	110,850	11,010	5,690	5,320
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10,510	5,090	5,425	200	105	100
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	3,445	1,695	1,750	80	40	35
Harari	735	335	400	50	25	25
Hebrew	8,560	4,425	4,135	260	130	130
Maltese	1,130	525	605	5	5	5
Tigrigna	10,205	5,040	5,170	2,045	1,095	955
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	1,200	585	620	145	70	75
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	440	215	230	15	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages	115,210	53,500	61,710	9,365	4,400	4,970
Khmer (Cambodian)	10,880	4,940	5,945	440	215	225
Vietnamese	104,245	48,525	55,725	8,925	4,185	4,740
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	85	40	45	5	0	0
Austronesian languages	239,785	108,110	131,680	25,700	11,990	13,710
Bikol	290	140	155	45	25	20
Cebuano	7,210	3,325	3,880	865	410	455
Fijian	195	105	90	15	10	5
Hiligaynon	2,205	970	1,240	205	95	115
Ilocano	9,125	4,045	5,080	1,030	480	545
Malagasy	435	220	210	10	5	5
Malay	3,620	1,710	1,910	235	125	110
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,200	565	630	65	30	30
Pangasinan	240	110	135	15	5	10
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	213,790	96,235	117,555	23,010	10,720	12,290
Waray-Waray	310	135	170	50	25	25
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,160	545	620	145	65	85
Creole languages	27,860	12,005	15,850	290	145	140
Haitian Creole	1,280	575	705	5	0	5
Creole, n.o.s.	24,575	10,510	14,060	220	110	105
Creole languages, n.i.e.	2,005	920	1,085	65	35	30
Dravidian languages	122,490	59,780	62,710	3,185	1,615	1,565
Kannada	1,630	825	800	115	60	55
Malayalam	15,440	7,865	7,575	1,295	655	635
Tamil	96,955	46,570	50,385	1,190	600	590
Telugu	8,280	4,430	3,850	560	290	270
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	190	85	105	20	10	10
Hmong-Mien languages	340	160	180	60	30	35
Indo-European languages	1,911,215	927,225	983,985	102,690	51,075	51,620
Albanian	13,135	6,575	6,560	620	335	285
Armenian	21,505	10,165	11,345	105	55	55
Balto-Slavic languages	314,965	149,315	165,650	13,865	6,775	7,085
Baltic languages	3,275	1,400	1,870	240	130	110
Latvian	1,255	530	725	85	45	40
Lithuanian	2,020	870	1,150	155	80	70
Slavic languages	311,690	147,910	163,780	13,625	6,645	6,980
Belarusan	230	105	120	0	0	5
Bosnian	6,045	3,010	3,040	390	195	195
Bulgarian	11,985	5,835	6,150	485	240	235
Croatian	16,775	7,980	8,795	745	365	380
Czech	6,235	3,060	3,180	430	205	220
Macedonian	6,830	3,250	3,580	80	45	45
Polish	74,780	34,910	39,870	3,275	1,585	1,690
Russian	116,595	55,175	61,425	5,785	2,800	2,985
Serbian	31,750	15,665	16,085	945	465	480
Serbo-Croatian	3,885	1,865	2,020	180	90	90
Slovak	5,615	2,685	2,920	465	225	240
Slovene (Slovenian)	2,050	905	1,145	40	15	25
Ukrainian	28,250	13,150	15,100	790	395	395
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	670	310	360	15	10	10
Celtic languages	360	205	155	15	10	0
Scottish Gaelic	185	105	80	5	5	0
Welsh	95	50	45	5	5	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	80	50	30	5	5	5
Germanic languages	146,455	71,835	74,615	2,725	1,300	1,430
Afrikaans	4,790	2,355	2,435	505	240	265
Danish	855	410	445	70	30	35
Dutch	9,565	4,630	4,935	490	235	255
Frisian	185	95	90	5	0	5
German	120,335	58,905	61,435	1,540	730	810
Icelandic	270	120	150	15	10	5
Norwegian	345	145	200	25	10	15
Swedish	1,045	500	545	50	25	30
Vlaams (Flemish)	355	170	185	10	5	5
Yiddish	7,080	3,695	3,385	10	5	5
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	1,625	820	810	5	0	5
Greek	44,545	21,110	23,440	500	230	265
Indo-Iranian languages	838,755	416,960	421,795	61,795	30,995	30,800
Indo-Aryan languages	676,185	337,440	338,745	53,300	26,715	26,585
Bengali	47,350	23,585	23,765	2,745	1,375	1,370
Gujarati	64,150	31,740	32,405	3,125	1,565	1,560
Hindi	55,510	27,805	27,710	4,130	2,125	2,010
Kashmiri	135	70	70	45	20	25
Konkani	720	355	370	30	15	15
Marathi	3,780	1,940	1,840	445	225	215
Nepali	13,375	6,710	6,670	1,340	690	645
Oriya (Odia)	470	235	240	50	25	20
Punjabi (Panjabi)	349,145	174,905	174,240	29,100	14,565	14,535
Sindhi	4,975	2,280	2,695	745	330	415
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	7,790	3,860	3,925	490	245	245
Urdu	128,785	63,965	64,820	11,065	5,530	5,535
Iranian languages	160,195	78,310	81,880	7,995	4,025	3,965
Kurdish	6,580	3,400	3,175	460	235	225
Pashto	10,590	5,305	5,290	1,055	535	520
Persian (Farsi)	143,020	69,600	73,425	6,480	3,255	3,225
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	2,375	1,215	1,160	500	255	245
Italic (Romance) languages	531,485	251,050	280,440	23,070	11,375	11,695
Catalan	355	165	190	20	10	10
Italian	115,415	49,975	65,440	1,270	565	705
Portuguese	98,710	46,915	51,795	1,770	860	910
Romanian	53,320	25,795	27,525	2,470	1,280	1,190
Spanish	263,510	128,110	135,400	17,540	8,665	8,875
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	180	85	95	0	0	0
Japanese	19,785	8,265	11,515	1,105	485	625
Kartvelian languages	1,040	565	475	80	45	35
Georgian	1,035	565	475	85	45	35
Korean	109,705	51,385	58,320	6,565	3,130	3,435
Mongolic languages	910	440	470	280	135	145
Mongolian	910	435	470	280	135	145
Niger-Congo languages	28,665	13,340	15,320	1,825	875	950
Akan (Twi)	5,990	2,695	3,295	330	170	160
Bamanankan	340	180	160	5	5	0
Edo	415	175	240	25	10	15
Ewe	410	185	225	15	10	10
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	825	400	425	40	25	20
Ga	250	105	140	25	10	15
Ganda	345	160	185	0	5	0
Igbo	1,000	485	510	135	65	75
Lingala	1,045	455	590	25	10	15
Rundi (Kirundi)	2,110	990	1,115	60	35	35
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	1,530	670	865	25	10	15
Shona	1,035	475	560	95	40	55
Swahili	5,370	2,500	2,870	345	155	190
Wolof	1,380	745	635	60	35	30
Yoruba	2,615	1,275	1,340	345	170	180
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	4,010	1,850	2,160	280	135	145
Nilo-Saharan languages	2,650	1,305	1,350	910	440	475
Dinka	1,130	580	550	445	215	230
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	1,525	730	800	465	220	245
Sign languages	10,445	5,870	4,570	335	195	145
American Sign Language	3,015	1,560	1,460	90	45	40
Quebec Sign Language	730	375	355	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	6,690	3,935	2,755	255	155	100
Sino-Tibetan languages	924,720	433,530	491,190	46,860	22,300	24,565
Chinese languages	913,365	427,860	485,505	45,985	21,855	24,125
Cantonese	400,215	184,340	215,885	22,245	10,380	11,860
Hakka	4,080	1,820	2,265	95	35	60
Mandarin	462,890	220,075	242,815	21,140	10,245	10,895
Min Dong	345	150	195	5	0	5
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	13,965	6,345	7,625	675	295	385
Wu (Shanghainese)	7,650	3,580	4,075	210	110	105
Chinese, n.o.s.	23,935	11,440	12,500	1,605	795	815
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	280	130	150	5	5	5
Tibeto-Burman languages	11,350	5,670	5,680	875	440	440
Burmese	2,245	1,115	1,125	175	85	90
Karenic languages	3,865	1,935	1,930	235	110	130
Tibetan	4,590	2,305	2,280	400	210	190
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	655	305	345	70	35	35
Tai-Kadai languages	9,565	4,455	5,110	420	185	235
Lao	6,175	2,995	3,180	190	85	105
Thai	3,360	1,450	1,915	225	100	130
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	30	15	15	5	0	5
Turkic languages	22,250	11,205	11,045	1,000	520	475
Azerbaijani	1,245	640	610	105	55	45
Turkish	18,955	9,525	9,430	755	400	355
Uyghur	610	315	290	45	20	25
Uzbek	990	505	490	55	25	25
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	455	230	225	45	20	25
Uralic languages	23,245	10,715	12,535	1,380	680	705
Estonian	975	365	610	15	5	10
Finnish	2,790	1,220	1,565	55	30	25
Hungarian	19,485	9,125	10,355	1,310	645	665
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	5	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	1,110	605	500	110	70	45
Multiple responses	1,663,390	802,695	860,690	87,000	42,490	44,510
English and French	160,185	77,940	82,235	2,450	1,215	1,230
English and non-official language	1,284,975	620,375	664,600	82,870	40,470	42,400
French and non-official language	148,915	70,915	78,000	390	190	200
English, French and non-official language	69,315	33,465	35,850	1,290	610	680
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	34,767,255	17,101,165	17,666,080	1,381,345	689,615	691,730
None	29,615,245	14,612,175	15,003,065	1,154,535	579,705	574,830
English	2,109,340	1,045,215	1,064,120	97,375	48,485	48,900
French	731,095	342,245	388,855	13,880	6,315	7,565
Non-official language	2,151,690	1,023,940	1,127,750	111,480	53,085	58,390
Aboriginal	90,740	42,890	47,850	690	280	415
Non-Aboriginal	2,060,945	981,055	1,079,895	110,785	52,805	57,980
English and French	47,970	23,785	24,190	675	340	340
English and non-official language	61,075	30,045	31,030	2,145	1,095	1,045
French and non-official language	48,755	22,690	26,065	1,220	575	650
English, French and non-official language	2,080	1,075	1,010	35	20	15
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,355	1,113,985	553,435	560,545
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,190	1,058,110	525,830	532,275
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,204	40,782	28,860	43,974	53,951	35,687
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175	1,058,325	525,890	532,440
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,866	35,933	26,621	39,003	46,422	32,464
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	24,583,315	12,296,595	12,286,725	991,395	504,130	487,265
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,762	39,925	26,613	43,801	53,736	34,999
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	19,743,240	8,755,815	10,987,430	603,670	236,975	366,695
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,453	4,199	6,136	3,050	2,073	3,390
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	20,428,685	10,547,760	9,880,925	863,730	449,090	414,640
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,684	39,836	28,474	44,080	53,428	35,946
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	1,113,965	553,420	560,545
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,489,395	13,441,555	14,047,845	1,058,645	525,895	532,750
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,487	56,740	38,632	69,177	88,050	50,548
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,500,230	13,446,230	14,053,995	1,058,830	525,945	532,885
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,977	45,404	32,828	54,906	68,058	41,925
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	24,584,065	12,295,015	12,289,055	991,730	504,230	487,500
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,885	56,803	36,962	69,906	88,800	50,363
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	19,742,130	8,752,070	10,990,060	603,830	236,925	366,905
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,738	7,345	8,050	6,470	6,455	6,480
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	20,428,670	10,542,540	9,886,130	863,730	448,880	414,845
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,057	54,369	37,193	65,505	81,526	48,170
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	1,113,965	553,425	560,545
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	9,367,045	5,231,015	4,136,035	407,690	233,060	174,625
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	53,431	59,326	47,420	66,442	74,517	57,725
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	65,997	74,289	55,510	91,015	106,334	70,571
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	88.3	91.6	83.7	94.7	96.7	91.3
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	72.0	75.2	67.7	77.0	78.9	73.7
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	11.7	8.4	16.3	5.3	3.3	8.7
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360	1,113,985	553,440	560,545
Without total income	1,154,450	546,285	608,165	55,875	27,610	28,270
With total income	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,195	1,058,110	525,830	532,275
Percentage with total income	96.0	96.1	95.8	95.0	95.0	95.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,877,620	1,668,960	2,208,655	137,795	53,675	84,125
$10,000 to $19,999	4,680,380	1,867,600	2,812,785	130,050	51,980	78,065
$20,000 to $29,999	3,807,840	1,593,335	2,214,505	118,615	47,765	70,850
$30,000 to $39,999	3,206,175	1,472,670	1,733,510	102,090	45,305	56,780
$40,000 to $49,999	2,827,045	1,376,565	1,450,480	98,245	46,560	51,680
$50,000 to $59,999	2,179,775	1,145,685	1,034,090	85,120	42,580	42,540
$60,000 to $69,999	1,655,070	938,755	716,310	70,325	37,550	32,780
$70,000 to $79,999	1,271,850	745,830	526,015	56,815	32,105	24,710
$80,000 to $89,999	966,885	579,290	387,590	45,800	26,625	19,175
$90,000 to $99,999	749,290	452,240	297,050	38,945	22,460	16,485
$100,000 and over	2,266,600	1,603,400	663,195	174,305	119,220	55,090
$100,000 to $149,999	1,493,570	1,024,210	469,365	96,090	60,925	35,165
$150,000 and over	773,025	579,190	193,830	78,215	58,290	19,930
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360	1,113,985	553,440	560,545
Without after-tax income	1,143,795	541,620	602,175	55,655	27,550	28,110
With after-tax income	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175	1,058,330	525,890	532,440
Percentage with after-tax income	96.0	96.1	95.9	95.0	95.0	95.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,004,475	1,706,825	2,297,645	141,235	54,750	86,490
$10,000 to $19,999	4,905,055	1,972,920	2,932,130	135,750	54,530	81,220
$20,000 to $29,999	4,489,925	1,926,175	2,563,755	137,235	56,100	81,140
$30,000 to $39,999	3,924,960	1,870,705	2,054,250	127,800	58,980	68,820
$40,000 to $49,999	3,144,200	1,619,670	1,524,525	119,540	59,170	60,375
$50,000 to $59,999	2,209,280	1,245,570	963,705	94,345	50,305	44,040
$60,000 to $69,999	1,540,300	912,230	628,065	71,485	40,765	30,720
$70,000 to $79,999	1,076,180	654,570	421,610	54,845	32,040	22,800
$80,000 and over	2,204,820	1,540,335	664,485	176,090	119,260	56,830
$80,000 to $89,999	688,705	444,550	244,145	41,415	24,490	16,920
$90,000 to $99,999	420,975	291,090	129,885	28,595	18,085	10,510
$100,000 and over	1,095,140	804,690	290,445	106,080	76,690	29,390
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	28,642,980	13,990,625	14,652,360	1,113,985	553,440	560,545
Without employment income	8,214,295	3,442,860	4,771,430	250,255	104,350	145,910
With employment income	20,428,690	10,547,760	9,880,925	863,730	449,090	414,640
Percentage with employment income	71.3	75.4	67.4	77.5	81.1	74.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,778,990	1,357,430	1,421,560	90,985	41,065	49,920
$5,000 to $9,999	1,602,140	697,025	905,120	55,495	23,595	31,900
$10,000 to $19,999	2,736,010	1,212,855	1,523,155	94,220	40,565	53,660
$20,000 to $29,999	2,293,785	1,022,090	1,271,695	81,015	34,610	46,405
$30,000 to $39,999	2,149,860	1,001,065	1,148,795	77,870	35,925	41,945
$40,000 to $49,999	1,928,565	946,625	981,940	76,565	36,805	39,755
$50,000 to $59,999	1,554,100	839,045	715,055	67,875	34,070	33,800
$60,000 to $69,999	1,220,310	708,270	512,040	56,520	30,975	25,545
$70,000 to $79,999	992,170	591,945	400,225	46,780	26,710	20,070
$80,000 and over	3,172,770	2,171,415	1,001,355	216,400	144,765	71,640
$80,000 to $89,999	773,755	475,700	298,055	38,545	22,880	15,665
$90,000 to $99,999	623,980	382,330	241,650	33,975	19,695	14,275
$100,000 and over	1,775,030	1,313,385	461,645	143,885	102,185	41,695
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	14,072,080	...	...	519,695	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	70,336	...	...	99,583	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	61,348	...	...	84,773	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	3,969,790	...	...	122,265	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,174	...	...	52,765	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,446	...	...	44,957	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	10,102,290	...	...	397,425	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	88,249	...	...	117,385	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	76,419	...	...	99,568	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	14,072,075	...	...	519,695	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	92,764	...	...	140,919	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	76,171	...	...	111,867	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	3,967,765	...	...	122,340	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	46,799	...	...	71,649	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,685	...	...	57,165	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	10,104,315	...	...	397,355	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	110,813	...	...	162,245	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	90,890	...	...	128,709	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	14,072,075	...	...	519,695	...	...
Under $5,000	228,790	...	...	7,580	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	200,315	...	...	4,650	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	374,575	...	...	5,615	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	565,940	...	...	9,915	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	602,800	...	...	14,625	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	538,710	...	...	11,435	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	603,480	...	...	12,745	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	606,600	...	...	13,875	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	596,110	...	...	14,260	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	578,325	...	...	14,675	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,097,345	...	...	30,830	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,010,415	...	...	31,450	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	924,320	...	...	30,750	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	836,765	...	...	29,960	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	745,655	...	...	28,610	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,561,920	...	...	258,720	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,470,255	...	...	62,815	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,016,245	...	...	48,480	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,116,140	...	...	63,120	...	...
$200,000 and over	959,285	...	...	84,300	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	14,072,075	...	...	519,695	...	...
Under $5,000	243,780	...	...	8,245	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	203,865	...	...	4,745	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	380,680	...	...	5,820	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	591,660	...	...	10,365	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	673,740	...	...	15,680	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	628,225	...	...	13,240	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	719,825	...	...	15,250	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	725,675	...	...	16,905	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	711,180	...	...	18,085	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	691,695	...	...	19,085	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,299,680	...	...	38,715	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,169,515	...	...	38,605	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,041,635	...	...	37,550	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	900,055	...	...	35,710	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	757,295	...	...	32,340	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,333,575	...	...	209,355	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,371,945	...	...	65,380	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	809,540	...	...	46,090	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,152,090	...	...	97,885	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	9,688,845	...	...	375,125	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	88,306	...	...	116,039	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,372	...	...	98,370	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	3,706,220	...	...	128,760	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,976	...	...	108,340	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,309	...	...	91,303	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	4,222,140	...	...	186,265	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	113,465	...	...	137,496	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,608	...	...	115,515	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,481,410	...	...	47,670	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,193	...	...	67,746	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,856	...	...	60,725	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	9,689,855	...	...	375,090	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	111,235	...	...	162,881	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	91,040	...	...	128,783	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	3,706,400	...	...	128,665	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	101,086	...	...	156,808	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,296	...	...	123,381	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	4,225,855	...	...	186,370	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	137,094	...	...	188,019	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	111,307	...	...	147,593	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,477,190	...	...	47,315	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	65,549	...	...	89,696	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,687	...	...	75,267	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	5,313,545	2,608,845	2,704,705	199,990	104,835	95,160
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	31,890	34,483	29,801	44,763	47,895	41,394
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	28,959	30,746	27,495	39,249	41,382	36,880
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	5,299,050	2,596,985	2,702,070	199,555	104,735	94,825
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	42,939	46,085	39,915	60,832	66,027	55,095
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	35,801	37,724	33,952	49,266	52,646	45,533
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	34,460,065	16,971,550	17,488,515	1,374,650	687,050	687,600
In the bottom half of the distribution	17,229,835	8,256,970	8,972,865	495,670	241,190	254,485
In the bottom decile	3,445,950	1,672,900	1,773,050	96,955	48,270	48,680
In the second decile	3,445,660	1,564,965	1,880,700	86,825	40,300	46,525
In the third decile	3,446,165	1,641,930	1,804,235	95,100	45,585	49,515
In the fourth decile	3,445,850	1,677,120	1,768,730	102,905	50,495	52,410
In the fifth decile	3,446,210	1,700,060	1,746,150	113,890	56,535	57,355
In the top half of the distribution	17,230,230	8,714,580	8,515,650	878,980	445,860	433,120
In the sixth decile	3,445,695	1,716,510	1,729,185	123,065	61,590	61,480
In the seventh decile	3,446,470	1,730,975	1,715,500	133,460	67,065	66,395
In the eighth decile	3,445,940	1,741,640	1,704,300	148,820	75,330	73,490
In the ninth decile	3,446,045	1,751,850	1,694,195	180,235	91,125	89,105
In the top decile	3,446,080	1,773,600	1,672,475	293,410	150,755	142,650
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	33,968,295	16,724,265	17,244,035	1,373,010	686,215	686,790
0 to 17 years	6,836,380	3,504,250	3,332,125	307,210	157,515	149,690
0 to 5 years	2,228,770	1,142,505	1,086,270	106,845	54,790	52,055
18 to 64 years	21,695,090	10,690,090	11,005,005	924,220	462,145	462,075
65 years and over	5,436,830	2,529,930	2,906,905	141,575	66,550	75,020
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	4,809,940	2,243,200	2,566,740	121,990	58,430	63,565
0 to 17 years	1,163,830	597,570	566,255	37,410	19,210	18,195
0 to 5 years	396,095	203,055	193,030	13,335	6,835	6,500
18 to 64 years	2,855,290	1,341,590	1,513,700	73,095	34,830	38,270
65 years and over	790,825	304,040	486,780	11,485	4,390	7,100
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.2	13.4	14.9	8.9	8.5	9.3
0 to 17 years (%)	17.0	17.1	17.0	12.2	12.2	12.2
0 to 5 years (%)	17.8	17.8	17.8	12.5	12.5	12.5
18 to 64 years (%)	13.2	12.5	13.8	7.9	7.5	8.3
65 years and over (%)	14.5	12.0	16.7	8.1	6.6	9.5
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	3,128,995	1,519,370	1,609,630	111,150	55,085	56,065
0 to 17 years	696,025	357,255	338,770	30,055	15,465	14,595
0 to 5 years	236,435	121,170	115,260	10,685	5,475	5,210
18 to 64 years	2,157,745	1,057,585	1,100,160	74,510	36,940	37,570
65 years and over	275,225	104,525	170,695	6,585	2,685	3,905
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	9.2	9.1	9.3	8.1	8.0	8.2
0 to 17 years (%)	10.2	10.2	10.2	9.8	9.8	9.8
0 to 5 years (%)	10.6	10.6	10.6	10.0	10.0	10.0
18 to 64 years (%)	9.9	9.9	10.0	8.1	8.0	8.1
65 years and over (%)	5.1	4.1	5.9	4.7	4.0	5.2
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	1,374,650	687,050	687,600
Official languages	33,818,210	16,709,290	17,108,920	1,344,650	674,485	670,160
English	29,748,265	14,806,270	14,941,995	1,343,335	673,895	669,440
French	10,242,945	4,952,455	5,290,495	101,440	46,945	54,495
Non-official languages	9,369,280	4,488,185	4,881,090	484,740	235,150	249,590
Aboriginal languages	263,845	127,550	136,295	1,305	515	785
Algonquian languages	177,570	85,505	92,065	920	365	555
Blackfoot	5,645	2,695	2,950	355	120	230
Cree-Montagnais languages	116,585	56,515	60,070	480	215	270
Atikamekw	6,640	3,335	3,305	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	11,440	5,500	5,945	0	0	0
Moose Cree	195	80	115	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,465	710	755	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	545	225	320	15	0	0
Plains Cree	5,905	2,705	3,200	135	70	65
Southern East Cree	40	30	10	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	2,345	995	1,350	10	0	0
Woods Cree	2,665	1,230	1,435	65	10	55
Cree, n.o.s.	86,115	42,080	44,035	255	120	140
Eastern Algonquian languages	9,765	4,710	5,050	0	0	0
Malecite	755	370	390	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	9,025	4,350	4,670	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	46,685	22,100	24,585	110	45	60
Algonquin	2,480	1,165	1,315	0	0	0
Ojibway	28,585	13,365	15,220	95	40	55
Oji-Cree	15,610	7,575	8,030	10	10	10
Ottawa (Odawa)	205	105	105	0	0	10
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	120	60	60	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	23,655	11,340	12,320	175	75	95
Northern Athabaskan languages	23,570	11,300	12,265	175	75	95
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	210	105	100	0	0	0
Beaver	340	180	165	0	0	0
Carrier	2,105	955	1,145	0	0	0
Chilcotin	1,150	535	610	10	0	0
Dene	13,060	6,270	6,790	20	10	10
Dogrib (Tlicho)	2,375	1,210	1,165	10	0	0
Gwich'in	360	165	200	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	150	60	90	135	60	75
Sekani	185	85	100	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	2,815	1,340	1,475	10	10	0
North Slavey (Hare)	1,010	475	530	0	0	0
South Slavey	1,365	660	710	10	10	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	680	320	360	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	630	340	285	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	365	205	170	0	0	0
Tahltan	270	140	130	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	420	160	260	10	0	0
Northern Tutchone	285	115	170	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	145	50	95	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	85	35	50	0	0	0
Haida	465	205	260	0	0	0
Inuit languages	42,980	21,355	21,630	40	10	25
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,975	895	1,080	25	10	10
Inuktitut	40,620	20,280	20,340	10	0	10
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	470	225	240	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	2,800	1,240	1,555	10	10	0
Cayuga	125	40	85	0	0	0
Mohawk	2,415	1,120	1,295	10	10	0
Oneida	180	60	125	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	115	45	75	0	0	0
Kutenai	175	95	80	0	0	0
Michif	1,210	585	625	20	10	15
Salish languages	5,750	2,730	3,015	0	0	10
Comox	185	75	110	0	0	0
Halkomelem	1,060	475	585	0	0	0
Lillooet	790	405	385	0	0	0
Okanagan	820	370	450	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	1,305	640	665	0	0	0
Squamish	285	125	155	0	0	0
Straits	360	160	200	10	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	450	220	235	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	565	295	270	0	0	0
Siouan languages	5,430	2,665	2,770	130	35	100
Dakota	1,760	870	890	60	25	35
Stoney	3,675	1,805	1,875	95	15	75
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	140	70	70	10	0	10
Tlingit	260	140	120	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	2,730	1,350	1,380	15	10	10
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	1,305	645	660	15	10	0
Nisga'a	1,060	545	515	0	0	0
Tsimshian	410	180	235	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	1,490	680	805	10	0	0
Haisla	175	65	110	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	125	50	75	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	605	285	320	10	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	565	265	300	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	30	20	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	665	310	360	15	10	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	9,107,075	4,361,420	4,745,660	483,460	234,650	248,815
Afro-Asiatic languages	837,355	432,560	404,795	41,755	21,940	19,815
Berber languages	29,460	15,745	13,715	200	140	60
Kabyle	17,120	9,100	8,015	110	60	45
Berber languages, n.i.e.	12,505	6,735	5,775	90	80	15
Cushitic languages	57,125	26,870	30,250	3,580	1,825	1,760
Bilen	1,085	625	470	65	45	25
Oromo	6,245	3,070	3,175	1,370	715	655
Somali	49,665	23,070	26,590	2,175	1,085	1,090
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	480	220	265	25	10	15
Semitic languages	771,130	400,780	370,350	38,585	20,340	18,240
Amharic	33,670	16,675	16,995	5,780	2,930	2,845
Arabic	629,055	329,235	299,820	28,530	15,190	13,345
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	19,745	9,720	10,020	335	170	165
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	7,115	3,505	3,610	120	55	60
Harari	1,710	855	860	95	50	45
Hebrew	75,020	38,730	36,290	1,610	775	835
Maltese	7,625	3,760	3,870	40	30	10
Tigrigna	21,340	10,640	10,705	3,565	1,935	1,630
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	3,220	1,655	1,565	250	140	110
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	2,775	1,440	1,335	170	105	70
Austro-Asiatic languages	224,865	105,845	119,020	18,485	8,785	9,695
Khmer (Cambodian)	27,035	12,640	14,400	1,200	655	545
Vietnamese	198,895	93,735	105,155	17,345	8,165	9,180
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	190	70	120	10	0	0
Austronesian languages	656,200	273,075	383,125	60,875	26,185	34,690
Bikol	2,075	885	1,190	170	65	105
Cebuano	27,045	10,960	16,085	2,825	1,250	1,575
Fijian	1,660	955	705	140	75	60
Hiligaynon	7,925	3,200	4,720	930	365	565
Ilocano	34,530	13,805	20,730	3,690	1,595	2,100
Malagasy	2,335	1,120	1,220	45	20	20
Malay	22,470	10,370	12,100	1,505	710	795
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5,425	2,445	2,980	445	215	230
Pangasinan	1,800	790	1,015	205	80	120
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	612,735	253,210	359,530	57,570	24,600	32,975
Waray-Waray	1,395	530	860	195	80	115
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5,585	2,540	3,040	570	240	335
Creole languages	155,615	70,545	85,070	1,790	890	895
Haitian Creole	6,850	3,140	3,710	80	45	35
Creole, n.o.s.	133,045	59,890	73,160	1,110	560	555
Creole languages, n.i.e.	16,635	7,955	8,675	600	295	310
Dravidian languages	250,180	126,220	123,960	7,230	3,795	3,440
Kannada	8,245	4,180	4,065	540	270	275
Malayalam	37,810	19,410	18,400	2,605	1,375	1,230
Tamil	189,860	94,640	95,220	3,215	1,695	1,520
Telugu	23,160	12,770	10,390	1,290	680	615
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	790	385	405	75	40	40
Hmong-Mien languages	870	435	435	85	40	45
Indo-European languages	5,158,010	2,506,455	2,651,555	248,155	123,285	124,870
Albanian	31,930	16,140	15,790	1,735	915	825
Armenian	41,295	19,980	21,315	295	165	130
Balto-Slavic languages	817,315	384,960	432,350	36,635	17,825	18,810
Baltic languages	14,675	6,470	8,205	645	310	335
Latvian	6,500	2,960	3,540	265	140	125
Lithuanian	8,185	3,510	4,675	380	170	210
Slavic languages	805,915	379,965	425,945	36,225	17,635	18,595
Belarusan	2,265	1,070	1,195	70	30	45
Bosnian	18,265	9,055	9,215	1,330	715	615
Bulgarian	22,425	10,920	11,505	1,100	590	515
Croatian	69,840	34,515	35,325	2,770	1,375	1,390
Czech	28,720	13,675	15,050	1,795	840	955
Macedonian	23,075	11,190	11,880	275	150	125
Polish	214,965	99,365	115,600	9,565	4,595	4,970
Russian	269,645	127,055	142,595	13,705	6,585	7,115
Serbian	73,775	37,040	36,740	2,365	1,170	1,195
Serbo-Croatian	11,275	5,525	5,750	575	315	260
Slovak	21,470	10,215	11,255	1,605	880	725
Slovene (Slovenian)	11,495	5,205	6,290	330	155	170
Ukrainian	132,115	58,820	73,300	4,770	2,165	2,605
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	3,000	1,590	1,405	70	35	40
Celtic languages	9,165	4,705	4,455	465	220	245
Scottish Gaelic	3,980	2,010	1,975	170	85	85
Welsh	1,690	830	860	110	65	50
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	3,590	1,915	1,680	190	75	110
Germanic languages	695,535	337,215	358,320	27,585	13,695	13,890
Afrikaans	23,410	11,795	11,610	1,955	1,040	920
Danish	15,745	7,320	8,425	1,060	500	560
Dutch	120,865	57,885	62,990	4,940	2,445	2,495
Frisian	2,910	1,515	1,395	65	25	35
German	502,730	245,745	256,985	19,080	9,585	9,490
Icelandic	1,780	830	945	80	40	45
Norwegian	8,120	3,860	4,260	495	195	300
Swedish	14,140	6,510	7,635	640	310	330
Vlaams (Flemish)	4,400	1,945	2,455	125	60	65
Yiddish	20,985	10,435	10,550	175	100	75
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	8,710	4,425	4,285	70	25	45
Greek	150,965	75,510	75,455	2,490	1,255	1,235
Indo-Iranian languages	1,658,220	840,850	817,365	114,370	58,080	56,290
Indo-Aryan languages	1,387,805	704,370	683,435	101,665	51,330	50,335
Bengali	91,220	46,935	44,285	5,050	2,540	2,510
Gujarati	149,045	74,765	74,285	8,585	4,165	4,420
Hindi	433,365	221,665	211,700	29,820	15,285	14,535
Kashmiri	905	490	420	65	45	20
Konkani	6,790	3,185	3,605	380	200	185
Marathi	15,570	8,200	7,365	1,545	805	740
Nepali	21,380	10,915	10,470	2,220	1,225	995
Oriya (Odia)	1,535	755	775	145	75	75
Punjabi (Panjabi)	668,240	341,450	326,790	51,070	25,905	25,165
Sindhi	20,260	9,310	10,945	2,765	1,220	1,540
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	27,825	13,970	13,855	1,395	690	700
Urdu	322,220	164,685	157,535	26,020	13,300	12,720
Iranian languages	281,715	142,030	139,680	13,580	7,145	6,435
Kurdish	15,290	8,290	7,000	1,005	545	460
Pashto	23,180	12,465	10,715	2,185	1,180	1,005
Persian (Farsi)	252,320	126,565	125,755	10,760	5,670	5,090
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	8,875	4,715	4,155	1,170	635	535
Italic (Romance) languages	1,897,630	898,530	999,100	70,645	34,285	36,360
Catalan	2,035	1,145	890	85	45	35
Italian	574,725	278,500	296,225	9,565	4,720	4,840
Portuguese	295,955	144,465	151,485	5,365	2,635	2,730
Romanian	115,050	55,275	59,770	5,945	3,095	2,850
Spanish	995,255	460,250	535,010	52,265	25,140	27,120
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	2,680	1,610	1,075	75	45	30
Japanese	83,090	36,760	46,335	4,400	1,990	2,415
Kartvelian languages	2,150	1,075	1,075	140	90	50
Georgian	2,150	1,080	1,070	140	90	50
Korean	172,755	80,170	92,590	10,240	4,790	5,455
Mongolic languages	2,090	960	1,130	660	310	350
Mongolian	2,090	960	1,130	660	305	350
Niger-Congo languages	177,215	88,135	89,080	12,065	6,090	5,970
Akan (Twi)	22,145	10,810	11,340	1,150	610	545
Bamanankan	3,190	1,660	1,530	20	10	10
Edo	3,220	1,510	1,705	240	145	95
Ewe	3,000	1,685	1,315	75	35	40
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	4,725	2,460	2,260	135	80	60
Ga	2,250	1,140	1,110	115	65	50
Ganda	2,495	1,175	1,320	80	30	45
Igbo	8,850	4,710	4,140	1,495	785	710
Lingala	17,010	7,865	9,145	430	225	195
Rundi (Kirundi)	8,590	4,075	4,515	170	95	80
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	7,860	3,600	4,260	105	40	60
Shona	5,425	2,530	2,905	510	225	285
Swahili	38,680	19,565	19,115	2,420	1,195	1,230
Wolof	8,240	4,455	3,785	330	195	135
Yoruba	22,420	11,475	10,940	3,455	1,750	1,705
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	40,760	20,375	20,385	2,195	1,055	1,145
Nilo-Saharan languages	7,015	3,520	3,495	1,695	780	915
Dinka	2,475	1,280	1,190	785	380	400
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	4,555	2,240	2,315	915	400	515
Sign languages	48,115	18,985	29,130	1,685	715	970
American Sign Language	21,930	7,780	14,155	905	350	560
Quebec Sign Language	4,665	1,665	3,005	0	0	10
Sign languages, n.i.e.	22,275	9,835	12,440	790	375	415
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,430,440	672,100	758,340	80,270	38,240	42,030
Chinese languages	1,413,110	663,465	749,640	78,780	37,515	41,265
Cantonese	699,125	325,840	373,285	43,115	20,355	22,755
Hakka	12,445	5,555	6,890	425	180	245
Mandarin	814,450	377,635	436,815	39,405	18,550	20,855
Min Dong	1,045	440	600	60	35	25
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	42,840	19,005	23,835	2,415	1,010	1,400
Wu (Shanghainese)	16,530	7,490	9,040	575	245	330
Chinese, n.o.s.	41,690	19,995	21,690	3,105	1,545	1,570
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	590	250	340	10	0	10
Tibeto-Burman languages	18,270	9,100	9,175	1,525	735	795
Burmese	4,995	2,490	2,500	345	160	180
Karenic languages	4,895	2,425	2,475	295	140	150
Tibetan	7,050	3,555	3,490	800	400	400
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	2,375	1,160	1,220	155	60	95
Tai-Kadai languages	30,400	13,210	17,195	1,510	625	885
Lao	17,235	8,240	8,990	635	300	335
Thai	15,390	5,875	9,520	975	380	595
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	115	50	65	15	10	0
Turkic languages	60,530	31,585	28,945	2,585	1,380	1,205
Azerbaijani	5,450	2,885	2,565	350	165	180
Turkish	50,775	26,605	24,165	1,710	980	735
Uyghur	1,385	685	700	135	65	70
Uzbek	2,465	1,230	1,235	245	110	135
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	1,870	905	965	200	90	110
Uralic languages	94,810	44,270	50,545	4,810	2,310	2,505
Estonian	6,070	2,750	3,315	110	50	60
Finnish	17,595	7,540	10,050	350	160	190
Hungarian	71,285	34,005	37,280	4,350	2,100	2,250
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	10	10	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	9,730	5,375	4,355	785	440	345
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490	1,374,650	687,050	687,600
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	32,034,590	15,799,495	16,235,090	1,220,070	612,475	607,590
Canadian citizens aged under 18	6,652,795	3,412,785	3,240,010	282,095	144,675	137,420
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	25,381,795	12,386,710	12,995,080	937,975	467,800	470,170
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	2,425,480	1,172,085	1,253,400	154,585	74,575	80,010
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	1,374,650	687,050	687,600
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	26,412,610	13,124,325	13,288,290	942,785	477,115	465,665
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330	404,700	196,445	208,260
Before 1981	1,941,510	927,795	1,013,715	69,585	34,700	34,885
1981 to 1990	915,555	439,245	476,310	41,035	19,545	21,495
1991 to 2000	1,486,655	696,720	789,940	68,565	32,850	35,715
2001 to 2010	1,985,035	940,570	1,044,465	132,260	64,205	68,055
2001 to 2005	928,935	439,890	489,050	59,300	28,975	30,325
2006 to 2010	1,056,095	500,680	555,415	72,960	35,235	37,730
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	1,212,075	582,175	629,895	93,255	45,140	48,115
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	506,625	260,755	245,870	27,170	13,490	13,680
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	7,540,830	3,586,500	3,954,335	404,700	196,440	208,260
Under 5 years	731,340	364,165	367,175	37,370	19,075	18,295
5 to 14 years	1,311,810	665,870	645,945	69,005	35,815	33,190
15 to 24 years	1,604,430	724,430	880,005	79,350	36,525	42,825
25 to 44 years	3,198,920	1,513,970	1,684,950	181,400	87,250	94,150
45 years and over	694,320	318,060	376,260	37,575	17,775	19,800
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330	404,705	196,445	208,255
Americas	1,128,745	510,650	618,100	44,350	21,140	23,205
Brazil	29,320	13,235	16,080	1,470	675	800
Colombia	70,035	32,065	37,965	5,805	2,755	3,050
El Salvador	48,080	23,865	24,215	2,450	1,240	1,215
Guyana	87,685	38,940	48,745	865	435	430
Haiti	93,480	40,955	52,525	525	280	250
Jamaica	138,345	59,960	78,390	3,085	1,405	1,680
Mexico	80,585	37,530	43,055	4,480	2,200	2,290
Peru	29,615	12,950	16,665	1,115	475	645
Trinidad and Tobago	65,040	29,325	35,710	1,470	720	750
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	253,715	113,505	140,215	12,110	5,550	6,560
Other places of birth in Americas	232,850	108,325	124,530	10,965	5,415	5,550
Europe	2,088,410	1,015,145	1,073,260	81,045	40,575	40,470
Bosnia and Herzegovina	36,135	18,050	18,085	2,065	1,060	1,010
Croatia	40,045	20,005	20,035	1,310	685	630
France	105,565	55,395	50,170	1,285	635	655
Germany	145,845	69,525	76,320	6,485	3,080	3,400
Greece	62,715	31,580	31,135	940	490	450
Hungary	36,820	17,945	18,875	1,965	970	990
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	28,325	14,355	13,970	1,685	895	790
Italy	236,640	118,595	118,040	3,855	2,070	1,790
Netherlands	88,475	45,185	43,295	3,385	1,815	1,570
Poland	146,465	66,450	80,020	6,845	3,240	3,600
Portugal	139,450	68,150	71,300	1,165	535	635
Romania	90,305	42,795	47,510	4,515	2,260	2,255
Russian Federation	78,685	34,265	44,420	4,000	1,720	2,285
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	33,320	16,325	17,000	1,120	575	550
Ukraine	73,030	33,360	39,665	2,965	1,365	1,600
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	499,115	243,225	255,890	26,175	13,470	12,710
Other places of birth in Europe	247,470	119,945	127,530	11,270	5,715	5,560
Africa	637,485	322,510	314,970	40,865	20,905	19,960
Algeria	64,620	33,920	30,705	770	415	355
Egypt	64,615	34,125	30,495	2,930	1,565	1,365
Ethiopia	32,790	15,980	16,810	5,230	2,585	2,645
Kenya	27,150	12,810	14,340	2,735	1,330	1,405
Morocco	69,655	36,120	33,535	685	360	325
Nigeria	42,430	21,830	20,600	7,685	3,995	3,695
Somalia	27,230	12,070	15,160	1,340	630	710
South Africa, Republic of	44,660	22,205	22,460	3,015	1,570	1,440
Other places of birth in Africa	264,320	133,450	130,870	16,470	8,460	8,015
Asia	3,629,160	1,709,985	1,919,175	234,535	111,835	122,705
Afghanistan	51,955	26,030	25,930	3,285	1,765	1,520
Bangladesh	58,735	29,875	28,865	3,145	1,615	1,530
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	649,260	290,800	358,460	34,945	16,100	18,840
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	208,940	98,020	110,915	11,115	5,390	5,720
India	668,565	334,030	334,540	46,945	23,575	23,375
IranCensus data footnote 61	154,425	77,970	76,455	5,800	3,000	2,795
Iraq	68,485	34,785	33,705	3,650	1,955	1,700
Japan	27,240	7,955	19,285	1,545	435	1,115
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	123,305	57,170	66,140	7,280	3,425	3,855
Lebanon	88,745	47,295	41,450	4,340	2,305	2,030
Pakistan	202,260	103,225	99,035	17,740	9,230	8,505
Philippines	588,305	247,095	341,210	53,450	23,270	30,180
Sri Lanka	131,995	64,825	67,170	2,010	1,030	980
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	52,960	26,595	26,365	2,195	1,145	1,045
Taiwan	63,770	28,170	35,605	2,235	950	1,290
Viet Nam	169,250	78,000	91,250	15,700	7,310	8,385
Other places of birth in Asia	320,965	158,150	162,815	19,160	9,325	9,840
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	57,030	28,210	28,825	3,910	1,995	1,920
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	1,212,075	582,180	629,895	93,255	45,145	48,115
Americas	152,595	72,870	79,720	9,350	4,675	4,670
Brazil	8,500	4,000	4,490	535	245	285
Colombia	15,300	6,885	8,415	1,275	605	670
Cuba	5,370	2,545	2,820	125	60	70
Haiti	19,985	9,160	10,830	150	95	50
Jamaica	12,495	6,680	5,820	470	245	225
Mexico	18,660	9,090	9,575	1,970	1,035	935
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	33,060	16,480	16,580	2,055	990	1,065
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	6,425	2,990	3,435	1,135	555	575
Other places of birth in Americas	32,790	15,040	17,750	1,640	855	785
Europe	140,030	70,995	69,035	9,565	4,900	4,660
France	24,150	13,000	11,150	265	155	115
Germany	6,300	3,255	3,045	460	215	245
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	5,660	3,540	2,120	605	380	225
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	5,900	2,735	3,165	450	250	195
Romania	7,610	3,330	4,280	605	310	295
Russian Federation	11,565	4,485	7,080	645	220	430
Ukraine	13,425	6,015	7,410	830	340	490
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	24,445	14,235	10,215	2,880	1,635	1,240
Other places of birth in Europe	40,970	20,405	20,570	2,820	1,405	1,420
Africa	162,800	81,545	81,245	12,030	6,120	5,905
Algeria	17,175	8,440	8,735	155	75	85
Cameroon	10,265	5,005	5,255	570	285	280
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	7,400	3,570	3,835	215	100	120
Côte d'Ivoire	6,240	3,030	3,210	135	85	55
Egypt	16,115	8,445	7,665	1,130	590	540
Eritrea	6,050	3,195	2,855	1,045	605	445
Ethiopia	7,510	3,625	3,890	1,590	735	855
Morocco	15,105	7,470	7,635	190	70	120
Nigeria	17,285	8,850	8,435	3,910	2,055	1,860
Somalia	5,335	2,600	2,730	240	90	150
South Africa, Republic of	5,765	2,935	2,830	520	295	230
Tunisia	6,700	3,475	3,230	75	35	35
Other places of birth in Africa	41,855	20,905	20,950	2,250	1,105	1,150
Asia	748,700	352,095	396,610	61,520	28,920	32,600
Afghanistan	9,240	4,530	4,710	490	270	220
Bangladesh	12,900	6,445	6,460	750	345	400
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	129,020	57,745	71,270	6,265	2,815	3,455
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	4,975	2,090	2,880	420	190	225
India	147,190	75,145	72,045	13,050	6,625	6,425
IranCensus data footnote 61	42,070	20,580	21,490	2,245	1,130	1,115
Iraq	20,665	10,345	10,320	1,225	655	575
Israel	4,740	2,615	2,130	225	115	115
Japan	4,905	1,250	3,655	330	80	255
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	21,710	9,630	12,075	1,910	775	1,135
Lebanon	9,375	4,980	4,400	540	280	265
Nepal	7,505	3,780	3,715	1,120	590	530
Pakistan	41,480	20,530	20,945	4,400	2,150	2,255
Philippines	188,810	83,050	105,760	21,960	9,880	12,080
Saudi Arabia	5,465	2,820	2,640	350	175	180
Sri Lanka	11,495	5,190	6,305	335	155	180
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	29,945	15,245	14,700	1,385	700	685
Taiwan	4,310	1,685	2,625	325	110	215
Turkey	4,255	2,365	1,890	140	60	80
United Arab Emirates	6,135	3,220	2,910	440	230	215
Viet Nam	11,210	4,500	6,705	1,220	500	725
Other places of birth in Asia	31,320	14,345	16,970	2,395	1,105	1,290
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	7,955	4,670	3,280	795	525	270
Australia	4,965	2,950	2,010	555	355	205
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	2,990	1,720	1,270	240	170	65
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	34,460,060	16,971,575	17,488,485	1,374,650	687,050	687,600
First generationCensus data footnote 69	8,219,555	3,936,045	4,283,505	441,415	215,050	226,365
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	6,100,725	3,053,075	3,047,650	291,960	147,890	144,070
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	20,139,790	9,982,460	10,157,330	641,275	324,110	317,165
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	5,703,615	2,709,530	2,994,085	341,860	165,175	176,680
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	2,994,130	1,496,240	1,497,885	192,870	97,195	95,670
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	1,220,755	755,370	465,380	76,450	48,060	28,390
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	1,773,380	740,870	1,032,510	116,420	49,140	67,280
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	1,782,490	728,085	1,054,400	98,055	40,170	57,880
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	858,845	453,675	405,175	48,125	26,390	21,735
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	68,145	31,530	36,615	2,805	1,415	1,395
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	1,374,650	687,050	687,600
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	1,673,785	813,520	860,265	41,645	19,730	21,915
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	1,629,805	792,970	836,835	40,615	19,245	21,365
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	977,235	471,510	505,725	17,955	8,355	9,600
Métis	587,545	289,435	298,115	22,220	10,730	11,490
Inuk (Inuit)	65,030	32,030	32,995	440	165	280
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	21,310	10,165	11,145	445	225	215
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	22,670	10,385	12,290	590	250	335
Non-Aboriginal identity	32,786,280	16,158,060	16,628,225	1,333,005	667,320	665,680
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490	1,374,655	687,050	687,600
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	820,120	395,670	424,445	14,490	6,685	7,805
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	33,639,945	16,575,905	17,064,040	1,360,160	680,360	679,800
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,490	1,374,650	687,050	687,600
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	727,790	356,970	370,815	9,635	4,505	5,125
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	709,235	347,985	361,245	9,355	4,350	5,000
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	573,215	280,040	293,180	6,755	3,135	3,620
Métis single ancestry	91,255	45,740	45,515	2,485	1,165	1,315
Inuit single ancestry	44,765	22,210	22,555	120	45	70
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	18,555	8,985	9,565	280	155	125
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15,140	7,305	7,835	270	155	115
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	2,470	1,205	1,265	10	0	10
Métis and Inuit ancestries	770	390	380	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	170	85	85	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	1,402,735	669,710	733,025	45,795	21,790	24,000
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	1,347,610	644,210	703,400	43,960	20,935	23,025
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	881,455	418,215	463,235	23,810	11,200	12,605
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	441,000	213,940	227,065	19,720	9,570	10,150
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25,155	12,045	13,105	430	160	275
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	55,125	25,505	29,625	1,830	855	975
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	49,325	22,740	26,585	1,745	810	930
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,470	1,655	1,815	35	20	20
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,005	940	1,065	40	20	20
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	325	170	160	10	10	10
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	32,329,545	15,944,900	16,384,645	1,319,225	660,750	658,475
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	1,374,650	687,050	687,600
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	7,674,580	3,725,090	3,949,495	463,450	228,225	235,225
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	1,924,635	977,690	946,945	122,900	62,350	60,555
Chinese	1,577,060	746,400	830,665	89,675	43,775	45,900
Black	1,198,540	580,070	618,475	54,190	27,745	26,445
Filipino	780,125	341,800	438,330	70,660	31,680	38,975
Latin American	447,325	215,460	231,860	27,710	13,720	13,990
Arab	523,235	276,425	246,810	26,320	13,970	12,350
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	313,260	148,880	164,385	23,240	11,145	12,100
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	264,305	133,475	130,825	12,810	6,790	6,015
Korean	188,710	89,110	99,600	10,995	5,170	5,825
Japanese	92,920	40,105	52,815	5,570	2,465	3,110
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	132,090	62,540	69,550	4,610	2,170	2,440
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	232,375	113,140	119,230	14,775	7,250	7,530
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	26,785,480	13,246,485	13,539,000	911,200	458,825	452,375
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	1,374,650	687,050	687,600
North American Aboriginal origins	2,130,520	1,026,675	1,103,840	55,430	26,300	29,125
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,525,570	731,410	794,155	32,630	15,330	17,300
Inuit	79,130	38,695	40,435	650	260	395
Métis	599,995	291,310	308,690	24,275	11,735	12,540
Other North American origins	11,628,535	5,745,695	5,882,835	292,965	148,800	144,165
Acadian	119,675	57,805	61,865	1,730	925	805
American	377,405	182,690	194,715	23,680	11,535	12,145
Canadian	11,135,965	5,501,595	5,634,370	275,950	140,405	135,545
New Brunswicker	1,490	800	685	25	20	10
Newfoundlander	22,215	11,420	10,800	540	300	235
Nova Scotian	3,700	1,770	1,930	55	40	15
Ontarian	3,925	1,980	1,945	50	40	10
Québécois	194,560	99,320	95,235	495	270	225
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	1,895	950	945	155	85	65
European origins	19,683,320	9,687,715	9,995,605	818,210	408,755	409,450
British Isles origins	11,211,850	5,474,735	5,737,115	525,560	262,170	263,385
Channel Islander	3,595	1,740	1,855	135	75	60
Cornish	1,975	995	975	90	20	70
English	6,320,085	3,069,515	3,250,570	298,865	148,285	150,575
Irish	4,627,000	2,195,620	2,431,385	197,185	95,345	101,840
Manx	6,125	3,090	3,040	350	185	165
Scottish	4,799,005	2,323,390	2,475,620	240,775	119,545	121,230
Welsh	474,805	226,600	248,210	27,270	13,245	14,025
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	644,695	307,090	337,610	36,340	17,745	18,600
French origins	4,680,820	2,283,480	2,397,340	118,080	58,175	59,905
Alsatian	2,800	1,300	1,495	45	20	15
Breton	11,845	5,765	6,080	25	0	20
Corsican	1,750	950	805	15	0	10
French	4,670,595	2,278,430	2,392,165	118,030	58,155	59,880
Western European origins (except French origins)	4,600,855	2,258,095	2,342,760	261,285	129,260	132,030
Austrian	207,050	100,775	106,275	14,495	7,070	7,425
Bavarian	940	485	455	25	20	10
Belgian	186,665	91,395	95,270	6,570	3,215	3,360
Dutch	1,111,655	546,565	565,090	53,975	27,025	26,945
Flemish	11,685	5,730	5,960	625	255	365
Frisian	4,590	2,395	2,195	180	90	90
German	3,322,405	1,626,785	1,695,615	201,650	99,365	102,290
Luxembourger	3,915	2,025	1,890	255	125	125
Swiss	155,120	76,935	78,185	8,050	3,850	4,210
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	3,365	1,645	1,720	425	200	225
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,201,320	579,005	622,315	95,065	45,860	49,200
Danish	207,470	100,660	106,810	18,720	9,195	9,520
Finnish	143,645	69,045	74,600	5,720	2,750	2,965
Icelandic	101,795	49,875	51,915	7,645	3,715	3,930
Norwegian	463,275	223,075	240,200	42,000	19,935	22,065
Swedish	349,645	163,545	186,095	26,815	12,785	14,030
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	52,780	26,965	25,820	4,075	2,080	1,995
Eastern European origins	3,431,245	1,666,740	1,764,505	205,690	100,830	104,860
Bulgarian	34,565	16,935	17,625	1,595	825	770
Byelorussian	20,710	10,190	10,515	815	400	415
Czech	104,580	51,555	53,030	7,600	3,830	3,775
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	40,715	19,235	21,480	2,540	1,180	1,355
Estonian	24,530	11,715	12,815	1,200	530	670
Hungarian	348,085	170,040	178,045	22,045	10,770	11,275
Latvian	30,725	14,920	15,805	1,210	605	605
Lithuanian	59,285	28,745	30,535	2,430	1,165	1,260
Moldovan	14,915	7,265	7,650	965	505	455
Polish	1,106,585	533,830	572,750	55,705	27,105	28,600
Romanian	238,050	114,705	123,345	13,590	6,405	7,180
Russian	622,445	297,600	324,850	37,955	18,045	19,910
Slovak	72,285	35,360	36,925	4,765	2,490	2,280
Ukrainian	1,359,655	663,560	696,095	90,740	44,440	46,300
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	20,415	9,895	10,520	905	470	440
Southern European origins	3,012,375	1,494,605	1,517,775	92,660	46,115	46,540
Albanian	36,185	18,385	17,800	1,875	965	910
Bosnian	26,740	13,320	13,420	1,775	965	805
Catalan	1,280	740	535	45	25	20
Croatian	133,970	67,825	66,140	6,265	3,215	3,055
Cypriot	5,650	2,850	2,795	65	30	40
Greek	271,410	137,405	134,005	6,770	3,455	3,310
Italian	1,587,965	794,525	793,445	42,940	21,585	21,360
Kosovar	2,865	1,470	1,395	150	75	75
Macedonian	43,110	21,650	21,460	535	245	290
Maltese	41,920	20,955	20,965	590	295	300
Montenegrin	4,160	2,180	1,985	130	75	55
Portuguese	482,605	239,360	243,250	8,600	4,380	4,220
Serbian	96,530	49,095	47,440	3,405	1,720	1,685
Sicilian	6,940	3,500	3,435	145	75	75
Slovenian	40,470	20,105	20,365	1,805	970	830
Spanish	396,460	184,520	211,945	22,255	10,410	11,845
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	38,480	18,620	19,860	1,725	835	885
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	2,170	1,030	1,135	120	55	70
Other European origins	226,695	115,110	111,580	9,575	4,695	4,880
Basque	6,965	3,690	3,275	190	85	105
Jewish	143,660	72,625	71,035	4,530	2,160	2,370
Roma (Gypsy)	4,630	2,195	2,440	165	95	75
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	4,870	2,560	2,310	450	230	220
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	67,890	34,730	33,160	4,275	2,160	2,115
Caribbean origins	749,155	349,810	399,345	15,530	7,710	7,820
Antiguan	4,500	2,115	2,385	290	175	115
Bahamian	3,675	1,915	1,760	125	60	60
Barbadian	37,780	17,745	20,035	865	390	470
Bermudan	3,075	1,435	1,640	125	50	70
Carib	3,030	1,175	1,860	60	10	50
Cuban	29,065	13,800	15,270	825	390	440
Dominican	23,130	11,000	12,125	335	215	120
Grenadian	17,915	7,835	10,080	200	90	115
Guadeloupean	1,125	515	605	0	0	0
Haitian	165,095	76,460	88,635	995	525	470
Jamaican	309,485	145,080	164,410	7,260	3,555	3,705
Kittitian/Nevisian	2,915	1,460	1,460	65	50	10
Martinican	2,010	900	1,110	0	0	0
Montserratan	930	460	470	10	0	0
Puerto Rican	3,405	1,645	1,765	240	125	115
St. Lucian	8,985	4,095	4,890	340	160	175
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	78,965	37,325	41,635	2,140	1,105	1,035
Vincentian/Grenadinian	17,420	7,475	9,945	345	140	205
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	70,270	31,625	38,645	1,195	590	605
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	26,830	12,520	14,310	1,140	535	600
Latin, Central and South American origins	674,640	325,210	349,430	36,000	17,750	18,250
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	22,725	10,875	11,850	820	425	395
Arawak	1,440	610	830	85	15	65
Argentinian	20,680	10,130	10,545	795	400	395
Belizean	1,755	915	845	215	140	70
Bolivian	5,055	2,480	2,580	280	150	125
Brazilian	36,830	17,380	19,455	1,635	705	935
Chilean	45,190	22,280	22,910	3,240	1,630	1,605
Colombian	96,325	45,590	50,735	7,450	3,555	3,900
Costa Rican	5,535	2,680	2,855	295	130	155
Ecuadorian	25,405	11,995	13,415	440	185	260
Guatemalan	26,275	13,360	12,915	1,235	645	590
Guyanese	84,275	39,530	44,745	1,155	615	540
Hispanic	11,055	5,380	5,670	735	350	390
Honduran	10,650	5,235	5,415	365	195	175
Maya	6,285	3,350	2,940	215	105	110
Mexican	128,485	62,890	65,595	8,460	4,310	4,145
Nicaraguan	13,705	6,650	7,055	900	410	490
Panamanian	4,700	2,210	2,495	160	65	95
Paraguayan	4,325	2,165	2,160	160	70	90
Peruvian	42,145	19,645	22,505	1,480	650	830
Salvadorean	66,220	32,960	33,255	2,935	1,525	1,410
Uruguayan	6,795	3,390	3,410	140	80	60
Venezuelan	26,345	12,220	14,125	3,440	1,725	1,715
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	28,455	13,930	14,525	1,670	815	850
African origins	1,067,930	539,805	528,120	58,390	29,820	28,565
Central and West African origins	230,110	118,040	112,070	16,420	8,530	7,885
Akan	1,955	1,090	870	95	55	40
Angolan	2,960	1,475	1,480	160	80	85
Ashanti	1,585	855	735	85	50	35
Beninese	4,995	2,670	2,320	125	45	80
Burkinabe	3,150	1,665	1,485	15	10	15
Cameroonian	24,615	12,390	12,230	965	465	500
Chadian	1,845	955	885	65	45	15
Congolese	38,365	18,925	19,440	1,390	660	725
Edo	1,945	1,095	855	290	165	125
Ewe	845	470	375	65	40	25
Gabonese	1,405	660	750	20	0	20
Gambian	975	495	475	70	40	35
Ghanaian	35,495	17,720	17,770	1,865	990	870
Guinean	7,240	3,785	3,455	155	85	70
Ibo	5,315	2,850	2,470	1,140	590	550
Ivorian	10,935	5,485	5,450	185	115	70
Liberian	2,485	1,130	1,360	300	145	150
Malian	4,490	2,280	2,210	25	25	0
Malinké	1,125	585	535	20	10	10
Nigerian	51,835	27,025	24,805	7,820	4,080	3,740
Peulh	2,435	1,270	1,170	50	30	15
Senegalese	10,175	5,500	4,670	280	185	95
Sierra Leonean	2,620	1,330	1,295	225	125	105
Togolese	5,300	2,870	2,430	75	35	40
Wolof	840	495	345	45	25	10
Yoruba	9,585	5,075	4,515	1,770	970	800
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	15,380	7,940	7,445	640	295	345
North African origins	355,045	185,775	169,270	11,375	5,960	5,415
Algerian	67,335	34,755	32,580	825	420	400
Berber	37,060	19,685	17,375	350	200	155
Coptic	3,535	1,860	1,680	120	60	55
Dinka	900	500	400	265	150	115
Egyptian	99,140	51,730	47,410	4,525	2,420	2,105
Libyan	7,740	4,135	3,605	580	305	275
Maure	1,190	655	535	10	0	10
Moroccan	103,940	54,005	49,945	1,080	575	510
Sudanese	19,960	10,315	9,645	3,315	1,650	1,665
Tunisian	25,645	13,985	11,665	475	250	225
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	6,115	3,320	2,795	290	170	120
Southern and East African origins	260,145	128,325	131,815	21,080	10,685	10,395
Afrikaner	1,870	955	915	135	75	65
Amhara	1,530	815	715	220	120	105
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	3,965	2,175	1,785	230	120	115
Burundian	10,990	5,405	5,580	195	110	85
Djiboutian	1,710	790	920	10	10	0
Eritrean	25,255	12,830	12,430	3,770	2,030	1,740
Ethiopian	44,065	21,680	22,385	6,380	3,215	3,165
Harari	665	355	305	50	20	20
Kenyan	10,915	5,230	5,685	970	435	535
Malagasy	4,500	2,175	2,325	50	15	30
Mauritian	9,325	4,655	4,665	270	155	110
Oromo	3,350	1,745	1,605	675	350	330
Rwandan	10,775	5,065	5,705	175	75	100
Seychellois	1,285	575	710	25	20	10
Somali	62,550	30,215	32,330	2,755	1,385	1,370
South African	41,375	20,575	20,800	2,785	1,350	1,430
Tanzanian	4,710	2,400	2,310	480	190	290
Tigrian	2,155	1,160	995	430	240	195
Ugandan	5,705	2,875	2,830	340	195	145
Zambian	1,860	935	920	125	75	50
Zimbabwean	8,090	3,975	4,110	810	405	400
Zulu	945	475	475	60	35	25
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	17,305	8,445	8,860	1,530	740	790
Other African origins	239,560	116,400	123,165	10,600	5,185	5,415
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	30,385	14,015	16,370	895	420	480
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	212,005	103,790	108,215	9,800	4,815	4,985
Asian origins	6,095,235	2,958,120	3,137,115	384,200	187,975	196,225
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,011,145	518,170	492,980	48,420	25,285	23,130
Afghan	83,995	42,320	41,675	5,320	2,860	2,465
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	111,400	58,930	52,475	5,055	2,720	2,330
Armenian	63,810	31,505	32,305	1,010	500	510
Assyrian	13,835	7,115	6,720	360	210	145
Azerbaijani	6,425	3,230	3,200	295	115	175
Georgian	4,775	2,430	2,345	230	140	95
Hazara	1,515	810	705	265	135	125
Iranian	210,405	106,565	103,840	8,570	4,455	4,115
Iraqi	70,925	35,965	34,955	3,820	2,010	1,810
Israeli	28,735	15,065	13,675	735	395	340
Jordanian	14,250	7,520	6,735	595	310	280
Kazakh	3,330	1,615	1,710	285	120	170
Kurd	16,315	8,810	7,515	940	535	410
Kuwaiti	2,235	1,185	1,055	50	40	10
Kyrgyz	1,060	510	550	150	90	60
Lebanese	219,555	112,970	106,590	13,755	7,095	6,655
Palestinian	44,820	23,900	20,920	1,650	880	770
Pashtun	4,810	2,565	2,245	380	175	200
Saudi Arabian	6,810	3,935	2,880	185	110	80
Syrian	77,045	38,445	38,600	3,325	1,625	1,705
Tajik	2,905	1,410	1,495	175	105	70
Tatar	4,825	2,155	2,670	360	160	205
Turk	63,955	32,855	31,100	2,590	1,410	1,175
Turkmen	1,040	540	500	55	35	20
Uighur	1,555	775	785	150	75	75
Uzbek	3,920	1,920	2,000	270	115	150
Yemeni	6,645	3,335	3,305	545	270	275
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	25,280	13,180	12,100	1,355	705	645
South Asian origins	1,963,330	993,595	969,735	122,515	62,290	60,225
Bangladeshi	45,940	23,645	22,300	2,365	1,175	1,190
Bengali	22,900	11,730	11,180	985	490	495
Bhutanese	3,600	1,765	1,835	160	80	75
East Indian	1,374,710	694,990	679,720	90,620	45,800	44,830
Goan	6,070	2,915	3,155	345	185	160
Gujarati	8,350	4,305	4,050	295	140	155
Kashmiri	3,115	1,605	1,510	595	285	305
Nepali	17,140	8,715	8,420	1,900	1,030	870
Pakistani	215,555	110,420	105,140	18,495	9,500	9,000
Punjabi	118,400	61,155	57,240	8,570	4,450	4,120
Sinhalese	7,285	3,605	3,685	385	205	175
Sri Lankan	152,595	75,010	77,585	2,410	1,245	1,165
Tamil	48,670	24,845	23,825	445	230	215
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	76,400	38,815	37,585	2,570	1,300	1,270
East and Southeast Asian origins	3,163,360	1,467,205	1,696,155	215,510	101,570	113,940
Burmese	9,335	4,535	4,795	755	385	375
Cambodian (Khmer)	38,490	18,515	19,980	2,100	1,130	970
Chinese	1,769,195	836,150	933,045	104,620	50,630	53,990
Filipino	837,130	369,105	468,025	75,020	33,820	41,200
Hmong	805	420	390	0	0	0
Indonesian	21,390	9,950	11,440	1,580	730	845
Japanese	121,485	53,415	68,070	7,705	3,420	4,285
Karen	4,510	2,275	2,240	300	145	150
Korean	198,210	93,680	104,525	11,615	5,455	6,165
Laotian	24,580	12,190	12,390	935	430	505
Malaysian	16,920	7,735	9,185	1,355	625	730
Mongolian	7,480	3,560	3,915	1,090	510	585
Singaporean	2,850	1,325	1,520	205	105	100
Taiwanese	36,510	16,570	19,945	1,190	520	670
Thai	19,010	7,330	11,680	1,100	400	695
Tibetan	8,040	4,055	3,985	890	460	425
Vietnamese	240,615	115,935	124,680	21,010	10,155	10,860
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	6,500	3,150	3,355	325	170	155
Other Asian origins	22,745	11,280	11,460	1,635	840	795
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	22,740	11,280	11,460	1,635	840	795
Oceania origins	85,470	43,030	42,440	6,310	3,235	3,075
Australian	42,315	21,710	20,605	3,420	1,790	1,630
New Zealander	15,395	8,065	7,330	1,275	660	610
Pacific Islands origins	29,485	14,240	15,250	1,720	840	880
Fijian	19,375	9,280	10,090	1,175	550	630
Hawaiian	3,295	1,500	1,795	160	70	90
Maori	2,500	1,310	1,195	145	65	80
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	1,530	725	805	85	50	30
Samoan	1,100	625	475	65	55	10
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	2,335	1,145	1,185	135	70	65
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	14,072,075	...	...	519,695	...	...
Owner	9,541,320	...	...	379,225	...	...
Renter	4,474,530	...	...	140,370	...	...
Band housing	56,230	...	...	100	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	14,072,075	...	...	519,695	...	...
Condominium	1,874,840	...	...	113,055	...	...
Not condominium	12,197,240	...	...	406,635	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	14,072,080	...	...	519,695	...	...
No bedrooms	93,345	...	...	1,795	...	...
1 bedroom	1,925,015	...	...	52,045	...	...
2 bedrooms	3,547,090	...	...	112,605	...	...
3 bedrooms	4,836,485	...	...	186,265	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,670,145	...	...	166,985	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	14,072,075	...	...	519,695	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	4,068,915	...	...	133,010	...	...
5 rooms	2,177,045	...	...	78,595	...	...
6 rooms	1,981,585	...	...	75,495	...	...
7 rooms	1,790,180	...	...	66,935	...	...
8 or more rooms	4,054,355	...	...	165,660	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	6.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	14,072,080	...	...	519,690	...	...
One person or fewer per room	13,802,060	...	...	507,250	...	...
More than 1 person per room	270,020	...	...	12,445	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	14,072,075	...	...	519,690	...	...
Suitable	13,376,345	...	...	496,040	...	...
Not suitable	695,730	...	...	23,655	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	14,072,080	...	...	519,690	...	...
1960 or before	3,126,380	...	...	47,830	...	...
1961 to 1980	4,185,510	...	...	143,095	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,977,640	...	...	65,075	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,746,390	...	...	83,690	...	...
2001 to 2005	976,390	...	...	60,085	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,089,750	...	...	60,670	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	970,015	...	...	59,240	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	14,072,080	...	...	519,695	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	13,151,600	...	...	498,025	...	...
Major repairs needed	920,480	...	...	21,665	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	14,072,080	...	...	519,695	...	...
1 household maintainer	8,324,865	...	...	287,280	...	...
2 household maintainers	5,404,800	...	...	213,310	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	342,415	...	...	19,110	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	14,072,080	...	...	519,695	...	...
15 to 24 years	437,230	...	...	14,370	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,991,685	...	...	98,930	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,414,920	...	...	114,165	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,862,870	...	...	111,530	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,859,315	...	...	95,640	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,034,220	...	...	51,455	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,084,700	...	...	24,930	...	...
85 years and over	387,135	...	...	8,670	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	13,798,305	...	...	515,800	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	10,472,355	...	...	403,040	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,325,950	...	...	112,765	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,861,615	...	...	97,325	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	9,368,330	...	...	377,970	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	60.7	...	...	67.5	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	16.6	...	...	16.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,130	...	...	1,616	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,313	...	...	1,640	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	341,556	...	...	450,406	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	443,058	...	...	527,216	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,452,850	...	...	140,345	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	13.0	...	...	9.9	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	40.0	...	...	36.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	910	...	...	1,324	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,002	...	...	1,366	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,580	1,113,965	553,420	560,545
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,239,575	2,667,995	2,571,585	150,665	77,435	73,225
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	7,576,400	3,686,630	3,889,770	290,460	144,695	145,765
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,230	672,840	331,290	341,555
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,800,260	1,906,610	893,650	77,350	57,960	19,385
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,549,880	880,365	669,515	27,550	15,830	11,720
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	1,250,385	1,026,250	224,140	49,800	42,135	7,665
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,553,825	2,326,940	3,226,890	202,530	85,110	117,420
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	813,335	331,940	481,395	35,490	14,540	20,955
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,659,615	3,070,315	3,589,300	357,470	173,675	183,795
Bachelor's degree	4,443,835	1,967,905	2,475,935	249,795	117,925	131,870
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	462,295	203,725	258,570	18,880	8,700	10,180
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	190,925	102,530	88,395	9,490	4,715	4,770
Master's degree	1,331,045	651,510	679,535	67,990	35,105	32,885
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	231,510	144,640	86,870	11,325	7,240	4,085
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	807,480	402,230	405,250
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,169,790	1,200,110	969,685	65,665	36,060	29,605
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	4,494,585	2,247,020	2,247,565	179,835	91,175	88,665
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,267,005	5,821,425	6,445,580	561,975	274,995	286,980
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,042,430	1,377,775	664,650	60,070	45,715	14,355
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,145,035	639,785	505,250	20,540	12,015	8,530
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	897,390	737,990	159,405	39,525	33,705	5,825
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,241,985	1,786,065	2,455,920	163,990	69,550	94,445
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	580,885	240,040	340,850	28,640	11,795	16,845
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	5,401,705	2,417,555	2,984,155	309,275	147,940	161,335
Bachelor's degree	3,590,080	1,562,160	2,027,925	215,060	100,565	114,490
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	362,455	151,205	211,250	15,790	7,155	8,635
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	153,290	74,440	78,855	8,410	3,920	4,490
Master's degree	1,120,190	527,335	592,850	60,840	30,710	30,130
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	175,685	102,415	73,275	9,180	5,590	3,595
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	1,113,965	553,420	560,545
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	12,815,980	6,354,625	6,461,350	441,125	222,130	218,990
Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,800	39,625	8,345	31,285
13. Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,805	39,625	8,340	31,285
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	596,230	268,050	328,180	21,830	9,005	12,820
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	99,020	72,865	26,150	3,680	2,540	1,145
50. Visual and performing arts	497,210	195,185	302,025	18,150	6,470	11,680
Humanities	850,840	330,490	520,345	30,180	11,000	19,185
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	98,000	22,100	75,900	3,245	665	2,575
23. English language and literature/letters	178,590	52,785	125,810	7,400	1,920	5,480
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	275,525	104,135	171,390	9,305	3,115	6,190
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	4,160	1,640	2,520	135	65	70
38. Philosophy and religious studies	51,930	30,185	21,750	2,030	1,100	930
39. Theology and religious vocations	77,490	46,285	31,200	3,230	1,960	1,270
54. History	111,465	59,965	51,500	4,070	2,005	2,065
55. French language and literature/letters	53,680	13,400	40,290	775	165	610
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,761,900	586,455	1,175,445	71,730	25,180	46,550
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	24,685	5,660	19,025	820	140	680
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	182,275	68,030	114,245	8,850	2,950	5,900
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	324,660	26,065	298,595	8,680	870	7,810
22. Legal professions and studies	289,600	102,660	186,945	13,535	4,735	8,805
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	35,445	8,150	27,295	925	210	715
42. Psychology	281,470	71,230	210,230	11,280	2,500	8,780
45. Social sciences	623,775	304,660	319,110	27,635	13,770	13,865
Business, management and public administration	3,360,045	1,272,475	2,087,565	154,300	63,935	90,370
30.16 Accounting and computer science	6,190	1,850	4,340	195	65	125
44. Public administration and social service professions	237,835	48,815	189,015	7,670	1,325	6,345
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,116,025	1,221,805	1,894,215	146,440	62,540	83,900
Physical and life sciences and technologies	614,280	315,665	298,615	35,060	19,065	15,995
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	249,955	105,560	144,400	10,980	4,425	6,555
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	125,600	61,685	63,915	6,615	3,205	3,410
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	28,155	12,625	15,530	315	110	205
40. Physical sciences	179,305	122,815	56,485	15,645	10,830	4,825
41. Science technologies/technicians	31,270	12,980	18,290	1,505	495	1,010
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	651,480	420,370	231,110	29,410	19,050	10,360
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	514,685	356,435	158,250	23,985	16,695	7,290
25. Library science	40,820	6,495	34,320	1,600	220	1,375
27. Mathematics and statistics	86,655	50,930	35,725	3,505	1,925	1,580
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	9,325	6,510	2,815	315	205	115
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,327,405	3,022,700	304,700	159,730	137,120	22,615
04. Architecture and related services	114,315	72,880	41,435	5,750	3,535	2,215
14. Engineering	752,465	615,880	136,585	62,420	49,810	12,610
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	620,065	551,855	68,205	30,745	24,955	5,785
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	410	85	325	35	0	30
46. Construction trades	702,155	682,710	19,445	26,085	25,265	820
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	731,135	709,430	21,705	23,330	22,570	755
48. Precision production	406,855	389,850	17,005	11,370	10,980	395
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	339,050	219,040	120,010	10,880	5,865	5,015
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	205,930	127,925	78,005	5,780	3,330	2,450
03. Natural resources and conservation	133,120	91,115	42,005	5,105	2,540	2,570
Health and related fields	2,266,720	441,180	1,825,545	92,590	19,430	73,160
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	164,295	81,260	83,040	7,860	3,870	3,985
51. Health professions and related programs	2,047,680	329,010	1,718,670	82,055	14,115	67,930
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	54,740	30,910	23,830	2,680	1,440	1,240
Personal, protective and transportation services	995,825	507,200	488,630	27,425	13,270	14,155
12. Personal and culinary services	565,555	151,530	414,025	17,840	5,535	12,310
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	3,505	3,080	420	120	110	10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	7,900	7,230	670	185	160	25
43. Security and protective services	206,745	150,540	56,205	4,175	2,855	1,330
49. Transportation and materials moving	212,125	194,810	17,315	5,100	4,615	485
Other	3,170	885	2,280	75	25	50
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	3,170	890	2,280	75	25	45
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	18,931,385	9,268,555	9,662,825	807,475	402,230	405,250
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	6,664,380	3,447,130	3,217,250	245,500	127,235	118,270
Education	727,515	160,315	567,205	30,440	5,930	24,515
13. Education	727,515	160,315	567,200	30,440	5,925	24,510
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	467,905	208,365	259,545	18,170	7,375	10,800
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	74,530	53,995	20,535	3,045	2,075	970
50. Visual and performing arts	393,375	154,370	239,005	15,130	5,300	9,830
Humanities	614,815	232,425	382,390	25,160	8,985	16,170
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	76,540	16,200	60,340	2,760	550	2,210
23. English language and literature/letters	133,800	38,310	95,485	6,240	1,600	4,640
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	191,005	71,770	119,235	7,980	2,615	5,360
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	3,140	1,250	1,895	120	60	60
38. Philosophy and religious studies	37,870	21,930	15,940	1,640	890	750
39. Theology and religious vocations	52,295	31,200	21,090	2,450	1,465	985
54. History	82,565	43,475	39,085	3,405	1,670	1,735
55. French language and literature/letters	37,600	8,285	29,315	570	135	435
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,417,625	453,100	964,525	61,570	21,230	40,340
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20,300	4,595	15,705	690	130	560
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	152,080	56,125	95,955	7,710	2,520	5,190
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	259,845	19,160	240,685	7,085	690	6,390
22. Legal professions and studies	241,170	76,720	164,445	11,770	3,870	7,900
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	27,310	6,390	20,920	780	185	595
42. Psychology	218,470	51,570	166,900	9,525	1,990	7,535
45. Social sciences	498,450	238,540	259,915	24,005	11,835	12,175
Business, management and public administration	2,696,770	1,000,895	1,695,875	131,225	54,145	77,085
30.16 Accounting and computer science	4,955	1,480	3,475	160	65	95
44. Public administration and social service professions	192,190	36,890	155,305	6,515	1,075	5,440
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,499,625	962,530	1,537,095	124,550	53,000	71,550
Physical and life sciences and technologies	449,870	222,120	227,755	28,410	15,020	13,390
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	195,830	79,945	115,880	9,070	3,565	5,505
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	89,205	42,265	46,945	5,450	2,665	2,790
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	9,280	3,850	5,430	250	105	145
40. Physical sciences	132,935	87,025	45,905	12,515	8,345	4,175
41. Science technologies/technicians	22,625	9,035	13,590	1,125	340	785
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	567,415	368,840	198,575	26,535	17,240	9,295
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	464,000	321,805	142,190	22,205	15,435	6,770
25. Library science	29,955	4,870	25,080	1,270	180	1,090
27. Mathematics and statistics	65,620	36,895	28,725	2,790	1,460	1,335
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	7,840	5,270	2,575	270	170	105
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,532,555	2,271,735	260,820	132,865	112,785	20,080
04. Architecture and related services	93,135	57,280	35,850	4,790	2,815	1,980
14. Engineering	612,265	490,980	121,285	54,220	42,630	11,590
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	475,045	418,595	56,450	25,165	20,310	4,855
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	350	70	275	30	0	25
46. Construction trades	515,630	499,670	15,960	21,420	20,725	695
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	540,800	523,425	17,375	18,510	17,900	610
48. Precision production	295,335	281,715	13,620	8,735	8,410	330
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	269,445	167,680	101,770	9,350	4,890	4,460
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	159,975	94,680	65,295	4,755	2,650	2,105
03. Natural resources and conservation	109,470	73,000	36,470	4,595	2,235	2,360
Health and related fields	1,749,545	342,395	1,407,145	76,085	16,385	59,700
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	129,560	63,315	66,245	6,705	3,340	3,365
51. Health professions and related programs	1,576,945	256,895	1,320,050	67,010	11,835	55,175
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	43,040	22,185	20,860	2,375	1,205	1,160
Personal, protective and transportation services	770,950	392,820	378,135	22,105	11,000	11,105
12. Personal and culinary services	431,415	114,395	317,025	14,120	4,520	9,600
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	2,725	2,355	375	90	75	10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	4,425	3,975	445	105	95	10
43. Security and protective services	162,995	116,750	46,240	3,465	2,395	1,070
49. Transportation and materials moving	169,400	155,340	14,050	4,325	3,915	410
Other	2,590	745	1,845	60	20	40
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	2,585	740	1,845	60	20	40
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,585	1,113,965	553,420	560,545
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,815,975	6,354,625	6,461,350	441,120	222,130	218,995
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,235	672,840	331,290	341,555
Location of study inside Canada	13,117,190	6,299,305	6,817,890	504,605	249,180	255,430
Same as province or territory of residence	11,519,215	5,503,640	6,015,575	349,495	171,685	177,810
Different than province or territory of residence	1,597,975	795,655	802,315	155,105	77,490	77,620
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	2,709,850	1,336,505	1,373,345	168,240	82,115	86,125
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	349,540	189,995	159,545	21,215	12,195	9,025
Philippines	298,830	109,820	189,020	28,180	10,805	17,380
India	281,415	142,410	138,995	19,510	9,705	9,800
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	232,035	131,050	100,980	14,695	8,340	6,355
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	205,375	94,690	110,685	11,970	5,640	6,325
France	88,860	50,400	38,455	1,205	700	505
Other	1,253,790	618,135	635,655	71,465	34,730	36,735
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	807,480	402,230	405,245
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,664,380	3,447,125	3,217,250	245,500	127,235	118,270
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	12,267,005	5,821,430	6,445,575	561,975	274,995	286,980
Location of study inside Canada	10,134,590	4,807,045	5,327,545	417,855	206,310	211,545
Same as province or territory of residence	8,918,160	4,207,495	4,710,665	289,770	142,360	147,410
Different than province or territory of residence	1,216,425	599,545	616,875	128,085	63,945	64,135
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	2,132,415	1,014,385	1,118,030	144,120	68,690	75,430
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	254,245	131,955	122,290	16,805	9,370	7,440
Philippines	263,095	96,025	167,065	26,125	9,915	16,210
India	239,535	117,445	122,090	17,545	8,560	8,980
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	133,655	73,575	60,085	10,645	6,025	4,615
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	175,825	79,635	96,190	10,540	4,875	5,670
France	72,920	40,610	32,310	1,055	620	430
Other	993,135	475,145	517,990	61,410	29,325	32,085
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,585	1,113,965	553,420	560,545
In the labour force	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,645	816,545	434,375	382,170
Employed	17,230,040	8,923,540	8,306,490	740,235	391,565	348,670
Unemployed	1,442,435	808,285	634,150	76,310	42,810	33,500
Not in the labour force	9,970,545	4,258,605	5,711,945	297,420	119,050	178,370
Participation rate	65.2	69.6	61.0	73.3	78.5	68.2
Employment rate	60.2	63.8	56.7	66.5	70.8	62.2
Unemployment rate	7.7	8.3	7.1	9.3	9.9	8.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,580	1,113,965	553,420	560,545
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	9,282,005	3,930,570	5,351,440	270,525	106,585	163,940
Worked	19,361,010	10,059,865	9,301,150	843,435	446,835	396,605
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	9,626,010	5,402,110	4,223,895	423,010	244,090	178,920
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	9,735,005	4,657,755	5,077,245	420,430	202,740	217,685
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.4	42.9	42.0	42.6	43.3	41.8
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	18,672,470	9,731,825	8,940,640	816,550	434,375	382,175
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,705	206,640	16,415	7,500	8,915
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000	800,135	426,875	373,260
Employee	16,073,685	8,158,745	7,914,940	707,780	368,480	339,305
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	2,194,440	1,375,380	819,060	92,350	58,400	33,955
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	18,672,470	9,731,830	8,940,645	816,550	434,375	382,175
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,710	206,640	16,410	7,495	8,915
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	18,268,120	9,534,120	8,734,005	800,135	426,880	373,260
0 Management occupations	2,013,370	1,251,165	762,205	90,790	58,475	32,315
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,874,305	862,870	2,011,440	141,150	44,130	97,020
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,273,660	990,560	283,105	87,245	68,015	19,230
3 Health occupations	1,245,885	244,730	1,001,155	52,235	10,590	41,650
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,138,445	672,945	1,465,495	81,320	26,145	55,170
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	557,275	255,705	301,570	20,855	8,815	12,035
6 Sales and service occupations	4,265,895	1,843,510	2,422,390	180,840	79,955	100,885
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,668,875	2,504,290	164,585	114,640	106,780	7,855
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	416,135	331,920	84,215	12,480	10,115	2,360
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	814,285	576,435	237,845	18,585	13,840	4,745
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,640	816,545	434,375	382,170
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,710	206,640	16,410	7,495	8,915
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000	800,135	426,880	373,260
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	444,680	310,000	134,675	4,555	2,735	1,820
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	271,300	219,880	51,420	50,600	32,110	18,485
22 Utilities	136,350	100,135	36,210	8,865	5,645	3,215
23 Construction	1,365,010	1,196,550	168,455	74,990	64,705	10,285
31-33 Manufacturing	1,596,570	1,149,745	446,820	41,525	30,800	10,725
41 Wholesale trade	665,685	451,230	214,455	29,215	19,960	9,255
44-45 Retail trade	2,110,200	984,090	1,126,115	88,055	42,720	45,330
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	876,050	656,375	219,670	45,945	32,060	13,890
51 Information and cultural industries	420,350	243,650	176,705	15,755	9,395	6,360
52 Finance and insurance	790,580	327,865	462,715	29,105	12,665	16,440
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	333,305	184,350	148,955	16,185	9,130	7,055
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,335,125	740,520	594,605	83,820	48,950	34,870
55 Management of companies and enterprises	28,795	12,795	16,000	3,780	2,000	1,775
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	802,420	462,825	339,590	34,115	19,700	14,410
61 Educational services	1,346,585	420,845	925,735	49,875	15,540	34,335
62 Health care and social assistance	2,138,025	383,755	1,754,270	85,555	15,565	69,985
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	379,740	192,875	186,865	18,185	8,815	9,370
72 Accommodation and food services	1,283,725	535,210	748,515	55,355	23,500	31,850
81 Other services (except public administration)	814,695	371,880	442,815	34,195	14,190	20,010
91 Public administration	1,128,945	589,530	539,405	30,470	16,685	13,785
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	17,230,035	8,923,540	8,306,495	740,235	391,565	348,675
Worked at home	1,272,285	639,500	632,785	52,835	24,905	27,935
Worked outside Canada	78,815	54,235	24,580	3,185	2,430	755
No fixed workplace address	1,987,260	1,487,445	499,820	102,190	76,680	25,510
Worked at usual place	13,891,675	6,742,360	7,149,315	582,020	287,550	294,470
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	13,891,680	6,742,365	7,149,315	582,020	287,545	294,470
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	8,102,115	3,723,115	4,379,005	505,650	243,660	261,985
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,906,390	1,435,640	1,470,750	62,840	34,395	28,450
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,725,205	1,492,170	1,233,030	10,070	7,365	2,705
Commute to a different province or territory	157,970	91,445	66,525	3,455	2,125	1,325
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135	684,215	364,230	319,985
Car, truck, van - as a driver	11,748,095	6,380,120	5,367,975	498,360	279,155	219,210
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	868,920	349,855	519,065	34,750	12,050	22,695
Public transit	1,968,215	846,735	1,121,485	98,510	44,150	54,355
Walked	877,985	392,950	485,030	32,025	15,270	16,755
Bicycle	222,130	146,615	75,515	10,285	7,200	3,085
Other method	193,595	113,525	80,060	10,285	6,400	3,885
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	15,878,945	8,229,810	7,649,130	684,210	364,225	319,985
Less than 15 minutes	4,449,920	2,071,365	2,378,555	121,245	55,130	66,115
15 to 29 minutes	5,314,295	2,725,165	2,589,130	277,325	148,105	129,220
30 to 44 minutes	3,228,845	1,782,680	1,446,165	184,025	104,905	79,120
45 to 59 minutes	1,391,060	768,115	622,940	60,110	32,725	27,380
60 minutes and over	1,494,830	882,485	612,345	41,510	23,360	18,145
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135	684,215	364,225	319,985
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,073,680	781,230	292,455	46,890	32,780	14,115
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,814,750	1,754,045	1,060,710	142,025	86,275	55,745
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	4,458,835	2,217,210	2,241,620	200,285	103,580	96,705
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,349,975	1,408,710	1,941,265	120,495	56,335	64,160
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,756,265	752,940	1,003,325	74,025	32,085	41,935
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,425,435	1,315,670	1,109,765	100,500	53,180	47,320
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	19,956,255	10,342,970	9,613,285	866,890	457,575	409,315
Single responses	19,365,980	10,042,855	9,323,130	856,800	452,770	404,030
Official languages	19,090,545	9,897,470	9,193,075	846,880	447,635	399,245
English	15,265,335	7,952,010	7,313,320	844,745	447,015	397,725
French	3,825,215	1,945,465	1,879,750	2,140	620	1,520
Non-official languages	275,430	145,380	130,055	9,925	5,135	4,785
Aboriginal languages	24,950	12,385	12,565	10	10	0
Algonquian languages	14,440	7,370	7,070	0	0	0
Blackfoot	80	45	35	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	11,540	5,820	5,720	0	0	0
Atikamekw	1,095	580	515	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	2,055	970	1,085	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	370	180	190	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	40	25	10	0	0	0
Plains Cree	95	60	35	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	15	10	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	75	35	40	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	7,795	3,965	3,835	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	925	510	420	0	0	0
Malecite	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	915	505	410	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	1,895	995	900	0	0	0
Algonquin	45	20	25	0	0	0
Ojibway	765	380	385	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	1,080	595	485	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	1,140	530	610	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	1,135	525	610	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	20	0	15	0	0	0
Chilcotin	20	0	10	0	0	0
Dene	770	360	405	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	165	80	80	0	0	0
Gwich'in	10	10	10	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	135	65	70	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	95	45	45	0	0	0
South Slavey	35	20	20	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages	8,845	4,255	4,595	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	35	10	25	0	0	0
Inuktitut	8,800	4,240	4,555	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Cayuga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	35	10	25	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	10	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	110	25	85	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lillooet	15	10	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	20	10	20	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	35	0	30	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	15	0	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	260	155	105	10	0	0
Dakota	20	10	10	0	0	0
Stoney	240	145	95	10	0	10
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	10	10	10	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	25	0	20	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nisga'a	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	30	15	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	250,485	132,990	117,490	9,915	5,135	4,780
Afro-Asiatic languages	7,380	4,530	2,850	340	205	135
Berber languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Kabyle	20	0	20	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	15	10	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	275	105	170	10	10	10
Bilen	10	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	45	25	20	0	0	0
Somali	220	80	145	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	7,065	4,420	2,650	335	205	130
Amharic	200	95	100	50	30	15
Arabic	5,585	3,695	1,890	240	150	85
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	205	155	55	10	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	30	20	15	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	825	335	490	25	10	15
Maltese	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	135	70	60	15	0	10
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	8,550	3,790	4,760	835	305	525
Khmer (Cambodian)	475	230	245	0	0	0
Vietnamese	8,070	3,560	4,510	835	305	525
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	3,850	1,750	2,095	330	150	180
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	75	20	55	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	25	0	15	0	0	10
Ilocano	110	50	60	15	0	15
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	140	75	65	10	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	3,450	1,580	1,875	300	145	155
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	40	25	15	0	0	0
Creole languages	350	125	225	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	25	10	15	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	315	110	200	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	2,225	1,060	1,165	20	10	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	90	50	45	0	0	0
Tamil	2,090	1,005	1,080	20	10	10
Telugu	45	10	35	10	0	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	85,550	47,305	38,245	3,210	1,780	1,430
Albanian	350	220	125	20	20	10
Armenian	450	220	230	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10,075	4,745	5,330	315	155	160
Baltic languages	95	35	60	0	0	0
Latvian	40	10	25	0	0	0
Lithuanian	60	25	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages	9,980	4,710	5,270	315	160	155
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	155	90	65	10	10	0
Bulgarian	205	110	90	10	0	0
Croatian	220	130	95	15	0	10
Czech	70	40	30	0	0	0
Macedonian	95	45	55	0	0	0
Polish	2,500	1,265	1,235	100	70	25
Russian	4,850	2,135	2,720	160	65	95
Serbian	530	320	210	10	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	30	25	0	0	0	0
Slovak	100	60	40	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,210	485	725	20	0	20
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	15	15	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	13,285	7,455	5,835	105	65	45
Afrikaans	85	40	40	15	10	10
Danish	90	50	35	0	0	0
Dutch	1,165	630	540	0	0	0
Frisian	40	25	15	0	0	0
German	10,065	5,715	4,345	70	50	25
Icelandic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	65	30	40	0	0	0
Swedish	125	55	70	10	10	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	35	20	15	0	0	10
Yiddish	895	390	505	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	720	495	225	0	0	0
Greek	1,020	545	475	10	0	10
Indo-Iranian languages	37,330	21,140	16,190	1,880	1,120	765
Indo-Aryan languages	32,485	18,125	14,360	1,745	1,035	705
Bengali	530	275	245	15	0	10
Gujarati	880	300	585	20	10	10
Hindi	1,405	755	650	110	50	55
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	10	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	15	15	0	0	0
Nepali	195	95	100	30	15	10
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	27,870	15,945	11,920	1,455	900	550
Sindhi	35	10	30	10	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	40	25	20	10	0	10
Urdu	1,495	705	790	105	40	65
Iranian languages	4,820	3,000	1,815	135	85	50
Kurdish	185	150	40	0	0	0
Pashto	50	20	25	15	15	0
Persian (Farsi)	4,580	2,830	1,750	120	70	50
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	10	0	10
Italic (Romance) languages	23,025	12,965	10,060	875	420	460
Catalan	30	10	20	0	0	0
Italian	1,705	895	805	10	10	0
Portuguese	7,490	4,795	2,695	90	45	45
Romanian	745	365	380	55	30	20
Spanish	13,030	6,885	6,145	725	335	395
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	3,255	1,195	2,065	95	35	60
Kartvelian languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Georgian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Korean	12,150	6,260	5,885	495	210	285
Mongolic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	235	120	115	20	10	20
Akan (Twi)	25	10	20	0	0	0
Bamanankan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	20	10	10	0	0	0
Igbo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	0	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	25	0	15	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	80	50	30	20	10	15
Wolof	10	0	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	0	15	10	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	20	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	1,920	740	1,180	55	25	35
American Sign Language	1,145	340	810	25	10	15
Quebec Sign Language	135	15	115	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	640	390	255	30	10	15
Sino-Tibetan languages	122,880	65,030	57,850	4,405	2,350	2,055
Chinese languages	122,610	64,880	57,730	4,375	2,330	2,045
Cantonese	58,815	30,485	28,340	2,845	1,470	1,380
Hakka	70	25	45	0	0	0
Mandarin	60,090	32,430	27,665	1,385	780	605
Min Dong	25	15	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	565	335	225	10	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	105	65	45	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	2,930	1,530	1,405	130	75	50
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	270	155	115	35	20	15
Burmese	75	35	35	10	10	0
Karenic languages	135	75	55	15	10	10
Tibetan	50	30	20	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	10	10	0
Tai-Kadai languages	675	270	405	25	15	10
Lao	150	70	80	0	0	0
Thai	525	205	325	25	10	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	750	475	275	20	10	10
Azerbaijani	30	20	0	0	0	0
Turkish	685	435	255	25	10	10
Uyghur	15	15	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	15	10	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	595	270	325	55	35	15
Estonian	50	15	40	0	0	0
Finnish	105	40	65	0	0	0
Hungarian	435	225	215	55	35	15
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	80	45	35	0	0	0
Multiple responses	590,270	300,115	290,155	10,090	4,805	5,290
English and French	412,680	211,095	201,585	1,690	655	1,030
English and non-official language	154,285	77,870	76,420	8,230	4,065	4,170
French and non-official language	7,830	3,595	4,235	20	10	10
English, French and non-official language	15,475	7,565	7,915	150	70	75
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	19,956,250	10,342,970	9,613,290	866,890	457,575	409,315
None	17,456,725	9,056,235	8,400,490	828,085	438,000	390,085
English	1,259,225	661,460	597,765	5,290	2,450	2,840
French	705,780	349,035	356,745	8,150	3,665	4,480
Non-official language	496,565	257,455	239,105	24,700	13,115	11,580
Aboriginal	37,615	17,215	20,400	85	25	55
Non-Aboriginal	458,945	240,245	218,710	24,615	13,095	11,520
English and French	2,535	1,200	1,335	25	0	15
English and non-official language	18,040	8,765	9,280	110	50	60
French and non-official language	17,265	8,730	8,540	535	280	255
English, French and non-official language	115	90	30	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	34,091,785	16,783,745	17,308,035	1,357,180	678,080	679,105
Non-movers	29,644,795	14,593,190	15,051,605	1,142,750	569,925	572,825
Movers	4,446,990	2,190,555	2,256,435	214,425	108,155	106,275
Non-migrants	2,623,515	1,292,750	1,330,760	153,055	77,875	75,180
Migrants	1,823,475	897,805	925,670	61,370	30,275	31,095
Internal migrants	1,451,005	713,060	737,945	39,845	19,640	20,205
Intraprovincial migrants	1,189,525	580,895	608,630	23,690	11,855	11,835
Interprovincial migrants	261,475	132,160	129,315	16,155	7,785	8,370
External migrants	372,475	184,745	187,730	21,530	10,635	10,890
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	32,568,560	16,004,315	16,564,245	1,285,960	641,350	644,605
Non-movers	20,134,760	9,902,645	10,232,115	689,470	342,630	346,840
Movers	12,433,805	6,101,675	6,332,130	596,490	298,725	297,765
Non-migrants	6,755,630	3,314,730	3,440,905	356,385	179,960	176,420
Migrants	5,678,175	2,786,945	2,891,230	240,105	118,755	121,350
Internal migrants	4,296,720	2,104,325	2,192,395	148,940	74,330	74,615
Intraprovincial migrants	3,467,670	1,689,950	1,777,720	69,955	34,980	34,970
Interprovincial migrants	829,045	414,375	414,670	78,990	39,345	39,640
External migrants	1,381,460	682,625	698,835	91,165	44,430	46,730