Census Profile, 2016 Census
Canada [Country] and Penticton [Census agglomeration], British Columbia

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Canada [Country]			Penticton British Columbia [Census agglomeration]
	Data quality , Canada [Country]  Map : Canada [Country] Change geography 1			Data quality : Penticton [Census agglomeration], British Columbia  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	35,151,728	...	...	43,432	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	33,476,688	...	...	42,361	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	5.0	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	15,412,443	...	...	21,603	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	14,072,079	...	...	19,883	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	3.9	...	...	25.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	8,965,588.85	...	...	1,724.95	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	35,151,730	17,264,200	17,887,530	43,435	20,635	22,800
0 to 14 years	5,839,565	2,992,920	2,846,645	5,155	2,635	2,515
0 to 4 years	1,898,790	973,030	925,760	1,530	785	740
5 to 9 years	2,018,130	1,034,685	983,445	1,800	895	905
10 to 14 years	1,922,645	985,200	937,445	1,825	955	870
15 to 64 years	23,376,530	11,576,130	11,800,400	25,670	12,235	13,430
15 to 19 years	2,026,160	1,039,215	986,940	2,140	1,060	1,075
20 to 24 years	2,242,690	1,144,495	1,098,200	1,860	975	885
25 to 29 years	2,285,990	1,144,470	1,141,515	1,855	915	935
30 to 34 years	2,329,395	1,148,290	1,181,110	2,070	990	1,080
35 to 39 years	2,288,365	1,118,635	1,169,730	2,100	1,025	1,075
40 to 44 years	2,255,135	1,104,440	1,150,695	2,185	1,015	1,170
45 to 49 years	2,359,965	1,157,760	1,202,210	2,515	1,170	1,340
50 to 54 years	2,678,075	1,318,755	1,359,320	3,260	1,510	1,755
55 to 59 years	2,620,240	1,285,190	1,335,055	3,935	1,830	2,105
60 to 64 years	2,290,510	1,114,885	1,175,630	3,750	1,750	2,000
65 years and over	5,935,630	2,695,150	3,240,485	12,615	5,760	6,855
65 to 69 years	1,972,480	953,075	1,019,405	3,580	1,730	1,850
70 to 74 years	1,420,875	677,975	742,900	2,875	1,350	1,525
75 to 79 years	1,021,850	469,550	552,300	2,290	1,020	1,275
80 to 84 years	749,650	325,765	423,880	1,870	890	980
85 years and over	770,780	268,790	501,990	1,995	775	1,225
85 to 89 years	482,525	185,535	296,990	1,250	530	725
90 to 94 years	223,510	68,675	154,835	565	195	375
95 to 99 years	56,525	13,240	43,280	155	45	110
100 years and over	8,230	1,340	6,890	20	5	20
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.3	15.9	11.9	12.8	11.0
15 to 64 years	66.5	67.1	66.0	59.1	59.3	58.9
65 years and over	16.9	15.6	18.1	29.0	27.9	30.1
85 years and over	2.2	1.6	2.8	4.6	3.8	5.4
Average age of the population	41.0	40.1	41.9	48.8	47.7	49.8
Median age of the population	41.2	40.2	42.2	53.0	51.8	53.9
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	14,072,080	...	...	19,880	...	...
Single-detached house	7,541,495	...	...	10,100	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,391,040	...	...	945	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	4,949,795	...	...	7,740	...	...
Semi-detached house	698,800	...	...	630	...	...
Row house	891,305	...	...	1,670	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	784,300	...	...	815	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,539,390	...	...	4,510	...	...
Other single-attached house	36,005	...	...	120	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	189,755	...	...	1,095	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	14,072,080	...	...	19,885	...	...
1 person	3,969,790	...	...	6,670	...	...
2 persons	4,834,605	...	...	8,240	...	...
3 persons	2,140,640	...	...	2,335	...	...
4 persons	1,946,275	...	...	1,735	...	...
5 or more persons	1,180,770	...	...	910	...	...
Number of persons in private households	34,460,060	...	...	42,105	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	29,312,160	14,271,280	15,040,885	38,280	17,995	20,285
Married or living common law	16,893,720	8,452,135	8,441,585	22,065	11,005	11,060
Married	13,383,455	6,693,465	6,689,990	18,260	9,105	9,155
Living common law	3,510,265	1,758,670	1,751,590	3,810	1,900	1,905
Not married and not living common law	12,418,440	5,819,140	6,599,300	16,210	6,990	9,220
Never married	8,254,340	4,444,425	3,809,915	8,170	4,385	3,780
Separated	718,295	309,905	408,400	1,245	530	715
Divorced	1,816,005	725,535	1,090,470	3,485	1,340	2,145
Widowed	1,629,800	339,280	1,290,525	3,315	730	2,580
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	9,840,730	...	...	12,710	...	...
2 persons	5,007,790	...	...	8,410	...	...
3 persons	2,107,830	...	...	2,165	...	...
4 persons	1,909,935	...	...	1,580	...	...
5 or more persons	815,170	...	...	560	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	9,840,730	...	...	12,710	...	...
Total couple families	8,227,925	...	...	10,765	...	...
Married couples	6,474,005	...	...	8,855	...	...
Common-law couples	1,753,920	...	...	1,900	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,612,805	...	...	1,955	...	...
Female parent	1,262,340	...	...	1,550	...	...
Male parent	350,465	...	...	405	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	8,227,925	...	...	10,760	...	...
Couples without children	4,024,305	...	...	7,150	...	...
Couples with children	4,203,615	...	...	3,610	...	...
1 child	1,650,165	...	...	1,650	...	...
2 children	1,783,080	...	...	1,440	...	...
3 or more children	770,375	...	...	525	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,612,805	...	...	1,950	...	...
1 child	983,485	...	...	1,260	...	...
2 children	457,670	...	...	520	...	...
3 or more children	171,655	...	...	175	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	6,107,260	2,941,395	3,165,865	9,500	4,145	5,355
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	14,072,075	...	...	19,880	...	...
One-census-family households	9,218,225	...	...	12,115	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	3,782,095	...	...	6,880	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	5,436,135	...	...	5,235	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	301,715	...	...	295	...	...
Non-census-family households	4,552,135	...	...	7,475	...	...
One-person households	3,969,790	...	...	6,665	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	582,350	...	...	810	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,080	42,720	20,375	22,345
English only	23,757,525	11,838,075	11,919,455	39,750	19,085	20,670
French only	4,144,685	1,925,845	2,218,840	20	10	15
English and French	6,216,065	3,071,325	3,144,740	2,750	1,205	1,545
Neither English nor French	648,970	265,920	383,045	195	75	120
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085	42,720	20,375	22,340
English	26,007,500	12,852,330	13,155,165	41,785	19,955	21,830
French	7,705,755	3,780,105	3,925,650	690	330	360
English and French	417,485	209,130	208,355	60	20	35
Neither English nor French	636,515	259,600	376,910	185	65	115
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	7,914,495	3,884,670	4,029,825	715	340	375
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	22.8	22.7	22.8	1.7	1.7	1.7
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,085	42,715	20,375	22,345
Single responses	33,948,620	16,702,840	17,245,775	42,285	20,170	22,115
Official languages	26,627,555	13,201,620	13,425,940	37,980	18,225	19,755
English	19,460,850	9,680,125	9,780,725	37,215	17,875	19,345
French	7,166,705	3,521,495	3,645,215	760	350	410
Non-official languages	7,321,065	3,501,220	3,819,840	4,305	1,945	2,360
Aboriginal languages	195,700	94,795	100,900	65	30	35
Algonquian languages	130,450	62,930	67,520	5	5	0
Blackfoot	2,815	1,325	1,490	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	88,445	42,920	45,530	5	0	0
Atikamekw	6,150	3,135	3,015	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	10,230	4,885	5,350	0	0	0
Moose Cree	100	50	55	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,205	590	620	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	315	125	190	0	0	0
Plains Cree	3,065	1,360	1,710	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	45	20	25	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	1,440	585	850	0	5	0
Woods Cree	1,840	865	975	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	64,050	31,305	32,745	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	6,990	3,310	3,680	0	0	0
Malecite	305	140	160	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	6,690	3,170	3,520	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	32,150	15,350	16,800	5	0	5
Algonquin	1,260	590	670	0	0	0
Ojibway	17,890	8,440	9,450	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	12,855	6,260	6,595	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	150	65	85	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	45	25	20	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	17,365	8,325	9,045	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	17,315	8,310	9,010	0	0	5
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	110	55	60	0	0	0
Beaver	190	85	105	0	0	0
Carrier	1,025	465	565	5	0	5
Chilcotin	660	295	360	0	0	0
Dene	10,700	5,185	5,515	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	1,645	840	815	0	0	0
Gwich'in	260	110	145	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	80	25	50	0	0	0
Sekani	90	45	45	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	1,995	950	1,045	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	765	365	400	0	0	0
South Slavey	945	455	495	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	280	130	150	0	0	5
Tahltan languages	270	135	140	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	180	90	90	0	0	0
Tahltan	95	40	50	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	290	120	170	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	215	90	135	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	70	30	40	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	50	20	35	0	0	0
Haida	75	35	40	0	0	0
Inuit languages	36,545	18,100	18,445	5	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,025	445	575	0	0	0
Inuktitut	35,215	17,530	17,680	5	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	315	125	185	5	0	0
Iroquoian languages	1,115	485	635	0	0	0
Cayuga	45	20	20	0	0	0
Mohawk	980	430	555	0	0	0
Oneida	55	20	40	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	35	15	20	0	0	0
Kutenai	105	55	55	0	0	0
Michif	465	230	235	0	0	0
Salish languages	2,305	1,130	1,180	50	20	30
Comox	80	45	40	0	0	0
Halkomelem	475	225	245	0	0	0
Lillooet	315	155	155	0	0	0
Okanagan	270	135	135	50	20	30
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	445	225	220	0	0	0
Squamish	40	20	20	0	0	0
Straits	80	40	40	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	335	150	185	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	255	135	125	0	0	0
Siouan languages	4,285	2,070	2,220	0	0	0
Dakota	1,215	570	635	0	0	0
Stoney	3,025	1,465	1,555	5	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	55	30	25	0	0	0
Tlingit	95	40	55	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	1,480	730	755	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	880	435	445	0	0	0
Nisga'a	400	200	200	0	0	0
Tsimshian	200	90	110	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	805	370	435	0	0	0
Haisla	90	40	50	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	95	40	55	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	325	145	185	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	285	135	140	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	585	295	295	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	7,125,365	3,406,425	3,718,945	4,245	1,915	2,325
Afro-Asiatic languages	575,365	298,060	277,300	35	20	20
Berber languages	22,135	11,865	10,270	0	0	0
Kabyle	13,150	6,995	6,155	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	8,985	4,865	4,115	0	5	0
Cushitic languages	42,885	20,095	22,790	0	0	0
Bilen	805	455	350	0	0	0
Oromo	4,960	2,560	2,400	0	0	0
Somali	36,755	16,895	19,865	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	365	195	170	0	0	0
Semitic languages	509,190	265,465	243,725	35	15	20
Amharic	22,465	10,720	11,745	5	5	5
Arabic	419,890	220,785	199,105	25	15	15
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	16,070	7,910	8,160	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5,545	2,780	2,770	0	0	0
Harari	1,320	635	685	0	0	0
Hebrew	19,530	10,480	9,045	10	5	5
Maltese	5,565	2,765	2,800	5	0	5
Tigrigna	16,650	8,310	8,340	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	2,155	1,085	1,070	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	1,155	635	520	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	176,725	81,810	94,920	75	30	45
Khmer (Cambodian)	20,130	9,270	10,860	5	0	5
Vietnamese	156,425	72,470	83,955	70	25	40
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	170	65	100	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	511,480	211,580	299,900	230	75	155
Bikol	1,790	790	1,000	0	0	0
Cebuano	19,890	7,930	11,960	5	0	5
Fijian	745	400	345	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	6,885	2,680	4,205	0	0	0
Ilocano	26,345	10,620	15,720	10	5	5
Malagasy	1,430	665	760	0	0	0
Malay	12,275	5,255	7,020	5	0	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	4,040	1,865	2,175	0	0	0
Pangasinan	1,390	590	800	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	431,380	178,575	252,810	200	70	135
Waray-Waray	1,110	430	675	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	4,195	1,770	2,425	5	0	0
Creole languages	72,125	32,310	39,820	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	3,030	1,445	1,590	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	64,105	28,455	35,660	5	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	4,985	2,410	2,575	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	189,405	94,765	94,640	15	5	5
Kannada	3,970	2,040	1,935	0	0	0
Malayalam	28,570	14,770	13,800	10	5	5
Tamil	140,720	69,080	71,640	0	0	5
Telugu	15,655	8,640	7,020	5	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	490	240	250	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	795	395	405	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,877,330	1,889,400	1,987,930	3,360	1,565	1,795
Albanian	26,890	13,610	13,285	25	15	10
Armenian	33,455	16,270	17,185	5	0	5
Balto-Slavic languages	701,975	323,640	378,340	515	205	310
Baltic languages	12,530	5,315	7,215	5	5	5
Latvian	5,455	2,350	3,105	5	5	0
Lithuanian	7,075	2,965	4,115	5	0	0
Slavic languages	689,450	318,325	371,115	510	205	305
Belarusan	810	385	430	0	0	0
Bosnian	12,210	6,035	6,180	0	0	0
Bulgarian	20,025	9,675	10,345	5	0	0
Croatian	48,200	23,540	24,665	45	25	20
Czech	22,290	10,525	11,765	60	25	35
Macedonian	16,775	8,050	8,725	0	0	0
Polish	181,710	82,435	99,275	90	30	60
Russian	188,255	85,400	102,855	95	40	50
Serbian	57,350	28,535	28,815	25	10	15
Serbo-Croatian	9,555	4,565	4,985	5	0	0
Slovak	17,580	8,075	9,510	25	10	20
Slovene (Slovenian)	9,790	4,415	5,370	15	5	10
Ukrainian	102,485	45,440	57,040	135	50	80
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	2,415	1,255	1,165	15	10	5
Celtic languages	2,690	1,335	1,360	5	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	1,090	540	550	5	0	0
Welsh	1,075	495	575	0	5	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	530	295	235	0	0	0
Germanic languages	538,765	258,410	280,350	1,445	680	765
Afrikaans	10,265	5,115	5,145	40	15	20
Danish	12,630	6,245	6,390	55	20	35
Dutch	99,020	48,200	50,820	290	135	150
Frisian	2,100	1,095	1,005	0	0	5
German	384,035	183,215	200,820	1,005	480	520
Icelandic	1,285	600	685	0	0	5
Norwegian	4,615	2,170	2,445	10	10	5
Swedish	6,840	3,015	3,825	35	15	20
Vlaams (Flemish)	3,895	1,730	2,165	10	5	5
Yiddish	13,555	6,750	6,800	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	525	280	240	0	5	0
Greek	106,525	53,350	53,170	55	25	25
Indo-Iranian languages	1,312,750	664,120	648,630	705	345	365
Indo-Aryan languages	1,064,760	538,530	526,235	680	335	350
Bengali	73,125	37,410	35,720	10	5	5
Gujarati	108,780	55,105	53,670	0	5	0
Hindi	110,640	55,880	54,765	25	15	10
Kashmiri	565	300	265	0	0	0
Konkani	3,330	1,625	1,710	0	0	0
Marathi	8,295	4,300	3,995	0	0	0
Nepali	18,275	9,230	9,045	10	5	0
Oriya (Odia)	1,055	560	495	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	501,680	253,515	248,160	630	300	325
Sindhi	11,860	5,605	6,260	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	16,335	8,050	8,285	5	5	5
Urdu	210,815	106,960	103,860	5	0	5
Iranian languages	242,805	122,835	119,970	25	10	15
Kurdish	11,705	6,345	5,355	0	0	0
Pashto	16,910	8,760	8,145	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	214,200	107,725	106,470	25	10	15
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5,180	2,755	2,425	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,154,270	558,660	595,615	605	290	315
Catalan	865	440	425	0	0	0
Italian	375,635	184,415	191,220	155	85	80
Portuguese	221,540	106,630	114,910	270	135	140
Romanian	96,665	46,195	50,470	20	10	10
Spanish	458,850	220,605	238,245	155	70	85
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	720	380	340	0	0	0
Japanese	43,640	14,790	28,855	50	20	25
Kartvelian languages	1,715	910	805	0	0	0
Georgian	1,715	910	805	0	0	0
Korean	153,425	70,310	83,115	75	35	45
Mongolic languages	1,575	690	885	0	0	0
Mongolian	1,575	690	880	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	91,375	45,075	46,305	10	5	5
Akan (Twi)	13,455	6,490	6,970	0	0	0
Bamanankan	1,535	815	720	0	0	0
Edo	1,670	770	900	0	0	0
Ewe	1,760	950	805	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	2,825	1,495	1,335	0	0	0
Ga	920	445	470	0	0	0
Ganda	1,295	625	665	0	0	0
Igbo	4,235	2,265	1,970	5	5	0
Lingala	3,810	1,785	2,025	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5,845	2,785	3,060	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5,250	2,355	2,895	0	0	0
Shona	3,180	1,520	1,665	0	0	0
Swahili	13,370	6,385	6,990	0	0	0
Wolof	3,990	2,170	1,820	0	0	0
Yoruba	9,085	4,785	4,300	5	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	19,135	9,435	9,695	5	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	5,870	3,025	2,845	0	0	0
Dinka	2,120	1,115	1,000	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	3,755	1,910	1,840	0	0	0
Sign languages	7,500	3,925	3,575	10	10	0
American Sign Language	2,685	1,320	1,360	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	695	340	355	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	4,120	2,265	1,860	10	10	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,269,215	589,570	679,645	170	65	105
Chinese languages	1,253,360	581,650	671,715	170	65	100
Cantonese	565,270	262,865	302,405	95	35	60
Hakka	10,910	4,900	6,015	0	0	0
Mandarin	592,040	274,630	317,410	45	20	25
Min Dong	1,230	580	650	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	31,795	14,450	17,350	10	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	12,915	5,780	7,140	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	38,580	18,165	20,410	15	10	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	610	275	335	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	15,850	7,925	7,935	5	0	5
Burmese	3,585	1,795	1,790	5	0	0
Karenic languages	4,705	2,355	2,350	5	0	0
Tibetan	6,165	3,080	3,080	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	1,400	695	705	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	22,010	8,870	13,145	15	5	15
Lao	12,670	6,145	6,525	0	0	0
Thai	9,255	2,690	6,565	15	5	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	80	35	55	0	0	0
Turkic languages	40,140	21,120	19,025	5	0	5
Azerbaijani	3,260	1,785	1,470	0	0	0
Turkish	32,815	17,375	15,440	10	0	5
Uyghur	1,035	510	525	0	0	0
Uzbek	1,715	855	865	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	1,315	590	720	0	0	0
Uralic languages	81,985	37,790	44,195	185	80	105
Estonian	5,445	2,325	3,115	5	0	5
Finnish	15,295	6,395	8,900	45	15	25
Hungarian	61,235	29,060	32,175	135	60	70
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	3,690	2,045	1,645	0	5	0
Multiple responses	818,635	398,325	420,305	430	205	225
English and French	165,320	80,460	84,860	100	50	50
English and non-official language	533,265	259,160	274,100	310	145	170
French and non-official language	86,150	42,170	43,985	15	5	5
English, French and non-official language	33,900	16,535	17,365	5	5	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085	42,720	20,375	22,340
Single responses	33,103,860	16,298,475	16,805,395	42,030	20,070	21,960
Official languages	29,106,670	14,383,020	14,723,645	40,670	19,445	21,220
English	22,162,865	10,966,135	11,196,730	40,465	19,350	21,110
French	6,943,800	3,416,890	3,526,910	205	90	110
Non-official languages	3,997,195	1,915,450	2,081,750	1,365	625	735
Aboriginal languages	118,470	59,720	58,750	25	15	10
Algonquian languages	75,080	37,825	37,260	0	0	0
Blackfoot	1,115	555	555	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	55,825	28,135	27,685	0	0	0
Atikamekw	5,465	2,825	2,640	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	8,590	4,195	4,395	0	0	0
Moose Cree	10	5	5	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,200	595	605	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	110	55	60	0	0	0
Plains Cree	1,350	665	685	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	20	5	15	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	330	140	190	0	0	0
Woods Cree	800	410	390	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	37,945	19,240	18,710	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	3,615	1,795	1,820	0	0	0
Malecite	55	30	30	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	3,560	1,770	1,795	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	14,525	7,335	7,190	0	0	0
Algonquin	370	170	200	0	0	0
Ojibway	6,175	3,165	3,015	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	7,900	3,960	3,940	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	75	40	35	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10,265	5,125	5,135	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10,255	5,120	5,135	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Beaver	50	30	20	0	0	0
Carrier	245	115	130	0	0	0
Chilcotin	255	125	130	0	0	0
Dene	7,710	3,805	3,905	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	1,020	550	475	0	0	0
Gwich'in	45	25	25	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sekani	15	10	5	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	820	425	395	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	340	180	155	0	0	0
South Slavey	370	190	185	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	105	55	55	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	25	10	10	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	5	5	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	25	15	10	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	10	0	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Haida	10	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	29,490	14,995	14,495	5	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	165	75	90	0	0	0
Inuktitut	29,230	14,885	14,345	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	90	40	55	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	285	135	155	0	0	0
Cayuga	10	0	5	0	0	0
Mohawk	255	115	140	0	0	0
Oneida	15	5	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kutenai	15	10	5	0	0	0
Michif	85	40	45	0	0	0
Salish languages	285	130	150	20	15	10
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	45	20	25	0	0	0
Lillooet	25	15	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	85	35	45	25	10	10
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	55	30	20	0	0	0
Squamish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Straits	20	10	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages	2,225	1,085	1,140	0	0	0
Dakota	255	140	120	0	0	0
Stoney	1,950	940	1,010	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Tlingit	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	410	210	190	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	315	155	155	0	0	0
Nisga'a	70	40	30	0	0	0
Tsimshian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	75	45	35	0	0	0
Haisla	20	10	15	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	235	110	125	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,878,725	1,855,730	2,022,995	1,340	615	730
Afro-Asiatic languages	307,755	153,275	154,480	15	10	10
Berber languages	8,105	4,215	3,895	5	5	0
Kabyle	5,490	2,855	2,640	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	2,620	1,365	1,260	0	5	0
Cushitic languages	27,095	12,455	14,640	0	0	0
Bilen	620	330	285	0	0	0
Oromo	3,410	1,700	1,710	0	0	0
Somali	22,895	10,340	12,555	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	185	85	95	0	0	0
Semitic languages	272,100	136,390	135,720	15	10	10
Amharic	12,780	6,010	6,770	0	0	0
Arabic	223,540	112,690	110,850	10	5	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10,510	5,090	5,425	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	3,445	1,695	1,750	0	0	0
Harari	735	335	400	0	0	0
Hebrew	8,560	4,425	4,135	5	0	0
Maltese	1,130	525	605	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10,205	5,040	5,170	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	1,200	585	620	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	440	215	230	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	115,210	53,500	61,710	40	15	25
Khmer (Cambodian)	10,880	4,940	5,945	0	0	5
Vietnamese	104,245	48,525	55,725	40	20	25
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	85	40	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	239,785	108,110	131,680	85	45	45
Bikol	290	140	155	0	0	0
Cebuano	7,210	3,325	3,880	5	0	0
Fijian	195	105	90	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	2,205	970	1,240	0	0	0
Ilocano	9,125	4,045	5,080	0	0	5
Malagasy	435	220	210	0	0	0
Malay	3,620	1,710	1,910	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,200	565	630	0	0	0
Pangasinan	240	110	135	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	213,790	96,235	117,555	80	40	40
Waray-Waray	310	135	170	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,160	545	620	0	0	0
Creole languages	27,860	12,005	15,850	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	1,280	575	705	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	24,575	10,510	14,060	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	2,005	920	1,085	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	122,490	59,780	62,710	10	5	5
Kannada	1,630	825	800	0	0	0
Malayalam	15,440	7,865	7,575	5	0	0
Tamil	96,955	46,570	50,385	0	0	0
Telugu	8,280	4,430	3,850	0	5	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	190	85	105	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	340	160	180	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,911,215	927,225	983,985	975	450	525
Albanian	13,135	6,575	6,560	15	10	10
Armenian	21,505	10,165	11,345	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	314,965	149,315	165,650	95	40	55
Baltic languages	3,275	1,400	1,870	0	0	0
Latvian	1,255	530	725	0	0	0
Lithuanian	2,020	870	1,150	0	0	0
Slavic languages	311,690	147,910	163,780	95	40	55
Belarusan	230	105	120	0	0	0
Bosnian	6,045	3,010	3,040	0	0	0
Bulgarian	11,985	5,835	6,150	0	0	0
Croatian	16,775	7,980	8,795	5	5	5
Czech	6,235	3,060	3,180	20	5	10
Macedonian	6,830	3,250	3,580	0	0	0
Polish	74,780	34,910	39,870	20	5	10
Russian	116,595	55,175	61,425	15	10	5
Serbian	31,750	15,665	16,085	15	5	10
Serbo-Croatian	3,885	1,865	2,020	0	0	0
Slovak	5,615	2,685	2,920	5	5	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	2,050	905	1,145	5	0	0
Ukrainian	28,250	13,150	15,100	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	670	310	360	5	5	5
Celtic languages	360	205	155	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	185	105	80	0	0	0
Welsh	95	50	45	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	80	50	30	0	0	0
Germanic languages	146,455	71,835	74,615	210	95	110
Afrikaans	4,790	2,355	2,435	20	10	10
Danish	855	410	445	5	0	5
Dutch	9,565	4,630	4,935	30	15	15
Frisian	185	95	90	0	0	0
German	120,335	58,905	61,435	145	65	75
Icelandic	270	120	150	0	0	0
Norwegian	345	145	200	0	0	0
Swedish	1,045	500	545	5	5	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	355	170	185	0	0	0
Yiddish	7,080	3,695	3,385	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	1,625	820	810	0	0	0
Greek	44,545	21,110	23,440	15	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	838,755	416,960	421,795	485	235	250
Indo-Aryan languages	676,185	337,440	338,745	475	230	250
Bengali	47,350	23,585	23,765	10	5	5
Gujarati	64,150	31,740	32,405	0	0	0
Hindi	55,510	27,805	27,710	15	10	10
Kashmiri	135	70	70	0	0	0
Konkani	720	355	370	0	0	0
Marathi	3,780	1,940	1,840	0	0	0
Nepali	13,375	6,710	6,670	0	5	0
Oriya (Odia)	470	235	240	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	349,145	174,905	174,240	445	215	225
Sindhi	4,975	2,280	2,695	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	7,790	3,860	3,925	5	0	5
Urdu	128,785	63,965	64,820	5	0	0
Iranian languages	160,195	78,310	81,880	10	5	5
Kurdish	6,580	3,400	3,175	0	0	0
Pashto	10,590	5,305	5,290	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	143,020	69,600	73,425	10	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	2,375	1,215	1,160	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	531,485	251,050	280,440	160	70	90
Catalan	355	165	190	0	0	0
Italian	115,415	49,975	65,440	25	10	15
Portuguese	98,710	46,915	51,795	95	45	55
Romanian	53,320	25,795	27,525	5	0	0
Spanish	263,510	128,110	135,400	35	15	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	180	85	95	0	0	0
Japanese	19,785	8,265	11,515	15	10	5
Kartvelian languages	1,040	565	475	0	0	0
Georgian	1,035	565	475	0	0	0
Korean	109,705	51,385	58,320	55	20	30
Mongolic languages	910	440	470	0	0	0
Mongolian	910	435	470	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	28,665	13,340	15,320	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	5,990	2,695	3,295	0	0	0
Bamanankan	340	180	160	0	0	0
Edo	415	175	240	0	0	0
Ewe	410	185	225	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	825	400	425	0	0	0
Ga	250	105	140	0	0	0
Ganda	345	160	185	0	0	0
Igbo	1,000	485	510	0	0	0
Lingala	1,045	455	590	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	2,110	990	1,115	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	1,530	670	865	0	0	0
Shona	1,035	475	560	0	0	0
Swahili	5,370	2,500	2,870	0	0	0
Wolof	1,380	745	635	0	0	0
Yoruba	2,615	1,275	1,340	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	4,010	1,850	2,160	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	2,650	1,305	1,350	0	0	0
Dinka	1,130	580	550	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	1,525	730	800	0	0	0
Sign languages	10,445	5,870	4,570	10	5	5
American Sign Language	3,015	1,560	1,460	5	0	5
Quebec Sign Language	730	375	355	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	6,690	3,935	2,755	10	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	924,720	433,530	491,190	90	40	50
Chinese languages	913,365	427,860	485,505	90	40	50
Cantonese	400,215	184,340	215,885	45	20	30
Hakka	4,080	1,820	2,265	0	0	0
Mandarin	462,890	220,075	242,815	35	15	20
Min Dong	345	150	195	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	13,965	6,345	7,625	0	0	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	7,650	3,580	4,075	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	23,935	11,440	12,500	10	5	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	280	130	150	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	11,350	5,670	5,680	0	0	0
Burmese	2,245	1,115	1,125	0	0	0
Karenic languages	3,865	1,935	1,930	0	0	0
Tibetan	4,590	2,305	2,280	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	655	305	345	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	9,565	4,455	5,110	5	0	5
Lao	6,175	2,995	3,180	0	0	0
Thai	3,360	1,450	1,915	10	0	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	30	15	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages	22,250	11,205	11,045	5	0	5
Azerbaijani	1,245	640	610	0	0	0
Turkish	18,955	9,525	9,430	5	0	5
Uyghur	610	315	290	0	0	0
Uzbek	990	505	490	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	455	230	225	0	0	0
Uralic languages	23,245	10,715	12,535	30	10	20
Estonian	975	365	610	0	0	0
Finnish	2,790	1,220	1,565	10	0	0
Hungarian	19,485	9,125	10,355	20	5	15
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	1,110	605	500	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,663,390	802,695	860,690	685	305	385
English and French	160,185	77,940	82,235	50	25	30
English and non-official language	1,284,975	620,375	664,600	625	275	350
French and non-official language	148,915	70,915	78,000	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language	69,315	33,465	35,850	5	5	5
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	34,767,255	17,101,165	17,666,080	42,715	20,375	22,340
None	29,615,245	14,612,175	15,003,065	40,340	19,305	21,035
English	2,109,340	1,045,215	1,064,120	650	305	350
French	731,095	342,245	388,855	425	190	240
Non-official language	2,151,690	1,023,940	1,127,750	1,275	570	705
Aboriginal	90,740	42,890	47,850	85	45	45
Non-Aboriginal	2,060,945	981,055	1,079,895	1,185	525	660
English and French	47,970	23,785	24,190	5	0	5
English and non-official language	61,075	30,045	31,030	5	5	0
French and non-official language	48,755	22,690	26,065	15	5	10
English, French and non-official language	2,080	1,075	1,010	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,355	36,970	17,465	19,500
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,190	36,220	17,130	19,090
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,204	40,782	28,860	31,037	37,156	26,671
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175	36,250	17,150	19,100
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,866	35,933	26,621	28,143	32,817	24,947
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	24,583,315	12,296,595	12,286,725	32,570	15,570	16,995
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,762	39,925	26,613	26,467	32,854	21,809
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	19,743,240	8,755,815	10,987,430	27,590	12,195	15,400
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,453	4,199	6,136	9,787	10,863	9,107
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	20,428,685	10,547,760	9,880,925	24,885	12,310	12,575
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,684	39,836	28,474	25,942	30,976	22,701
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	36,970	17,450	19,515
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,489,395	13,441,555	14,047,845	36,250	17,115	19,140
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,487	56,740	38,632	42,243	51,002	34,410
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,500,230	13,446,230	14,053,995	36,305	17,145	19,160
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,977	45,404	32,828	35,992	42,412	30,246
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	24,584,065	12,295,015	12,289,055	32,520	15,555	16,960
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,885	56,803	36,962	39,077	48,310	30,607
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	19,742,130	8,752,070	10,990,060	27,550	12,250	15,300
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,738	7,345	8,050	9,463	9,900	9,113
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	20,428,670	10,542,540	9,886,130	24,885	12,255	12,630
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,057	54,369	37,193	35,593	41,865	29,509
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	36,965	17,455	19,515
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	9,367,045	5,231,015	4,136,035	9,335	4,970	4,365
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	53,431	59,326	47,420	48,381	53,926	43,195
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	65,997	74,289	55,510	56,511	63,242	48,839
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	88.3	91.6	83.7	82.8	86.1	78.4
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	72.0	75.2	67.7	59.9	62.8	56.0
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	11.7	8.4	16.3	17.2	13.9	21.6
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360	36,965	17,465	19,500
Without total income	1,154,450	546,285	608,165	750	340	415
With total income	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,195	36,215	17,125	19,090
Percentage with total income	96.0	96.1	95.8	98.0	98.1	97.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,877,620	1,668,960	2,208,655	4,285	1,760	2,530
$10,000 to $19,999	4,680,380	1,867,600	2,812,785	7,210	2,765	4,435
$20,000 to $29,999	3,807,840	1,593,335	2,214,505	6,090	2,475	3,615
$30,000 to $39,999	3,206,175	1,472,670	1,733,510	4,910	2,150	2,755
$40,000 to $49,999	2,827,045	1,376,565	1,450,480	3,920	1,925	2,000
$50,000 to $59,999	2,179,775	1,145,685	1,034,090	2,775	1,485	1,285
$60,000 to $69,999	1,655,070	938,755	716,310	1,955	1,200	755
$70,000 to $79,999	1,271,850	745,830	526,015	1,360	830	535
$80,000 to $89,999	966,885	579,290	387,590	1,005	625	380
$90,000 to $99,999	749,290	452,240	297,050	705	430	270
$100,000 and over	2,266,600	1,603,400	663,195	2,005	1,475	525
$100,000 to $149,999	1,493,570	1,024,210	469,365	1,335	960	370
$150,000 and over	773,025	579,190	193,830	670	515	155
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360	36,965	17,470	19,505
Without after-tax income	1,143,795	541,620	602,175	715	315	400
With after-tax income	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175	36,255	17,155	19,100
Percentage with after-tax income	96.0	96.1	95.9	98.1	98.2	97.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,004,475	1,706,825	2,297,645	4,555	1,880	2,675
$10,000 to $19,999	4,905,055	1,972,920	2,932,130	7,580	3,015	4,570
$20,000 to $29,999	4,489,925	1,926,175	2,563,755	7,195	2,960	4,235
$30,000 to $39,999	3,924,960	1,870,705	2,054,250	5,580	2,595	2,985
$40,000 to $49,999	3,144,200	1,619,670	1,524,525	3,950	2,015	1,940
$50,000 to $59,999	2,209,280	1,245,570	963,705	2,570	1,515	1,055
$60,000 to $69,999	1,540,300	912,230	628,065	1,625	990	630
$70,000 to $79,999	1,076,180	654,570	421,610	1,125	705	420
$80,000 and over	2,204,820	1,540,335	664,485	2,075	1,475	595
$80,000 to $89,999	688,705	444,550	244,145	640	420	215
$90,000 to $99,999	420,975	291,090	129,885	390	285	105
$100,000 and over	1,095,140	804,690	290,445	1,045	770	275
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	28,642,980	13,990,625	14,652,360	36,970	17,470	19,500
Without employment income	8,214,295	3,442,860	4,771,430	12,085	5,160	6,925
With employment income	20,428,690	10,547,760	9,880,925	24,885	12,310	12,575
Percentage with employment income	71.3	75.4	67.4	67.3	70.5	64.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,778,990	1,357,430	1,421,560	5,200	2,445	2,765
$5,000 to $9,999	1,602,140	697,025	905,120	2,130	960	1,175
$10,000 to $19,999	2,736,010	1,212,855	1,523,155	3,300	1,395	1,905
$20,000 to $29,999	2,293,785	1,022,090	1,271,695	2,945	1,240	1,705
$30,000 to $39,999	2,149,860	1,001,065	1,148,795	2,655	1,145	1,515
$40,000 to $49,999	1,928,565	946,625	981,940	2,220	1,040	1,180
$50,000 to $59,999	1,554,100	839,045	715,055	1,675	910	765
$60,000 to $69,999	1,220,310	708,270	512,040	1,280	790	495
$70,000 to $79,999	992,170	591,945	400,225	950	565	385
$80,000 and over	3,172,770	2,171,415	1,001,355	2,510	1,830	685
$80,000 to $89,999	773,755	475,700	298,055	710	440	265
$90,000 to $99,999	623,980	382,330	241,650	490	340	150
$100,000 and over	1,775,030	1,313,385	461,645	1,315	1,045	270
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	14,072,080	...	...	19,880	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	70,336	...	...	57,395	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	61,348	...	...	51,432	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	3,969,790	...	...	6,670	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,174	...	...	29,560	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,446	...	...	27,174	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	10,102,290	...	...	13,215	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	88,249	...	...	76,216	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	76,419	...	...	67,302	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	14,072,075	...	...	19,885	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	92,764	...	...	77,021	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	76,171	...	...	65,720	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	3,967,765	...	...	6,685	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	46,799	...	...	38,019	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,685	...	...	33,199	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	10,104,315	...	...	13,195	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	110,813	...	...	96,786	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	90,890	...	...	82,200	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	14,072,075	...	...	19,885	...	...
Under $5,000	228,790	...	...	205	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	200,315	...	...	205	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	374,575	...	...	690	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	565,940	...	...	1,095	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	602,800	...	...	1,225	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	538,710	...	...	980	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	603,480	...	...	1,130	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	606,600	...	...	1,150	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	596,110	...	...	1,000	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	578,325	...	...	925	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,097,345	...	...	1,735	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,010,415	...	...	1,535	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	924,320	...	...	1,340	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	836,765	...	...	1,115	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	745,655	...	...	940	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,561,920	...	...	4,610	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,470,255	...	...	1,775	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,016,245	...	...	1,050	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,116,140	...	...	1,015	...	...
$200,000 and over	959,285	...	...	775	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	14,072,075	...	...	19,880	...	...
Under $5,000	243,780	...	...	235	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	203,865	...	...	215	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	380,680	...	...	700	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	591,660	...	...	1,130	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	673,740	...	...	1,410	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	628,225	...	...	1,170	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	719,825	...	...	1,380	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	725,675	...	...	1,240	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	711,180	...	...	1,165	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	691,695	...	...	1,010	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,299,680	...	...	1,920	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,169,515	...	...	1,710	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,041,635	...	...	1,360	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	900,055	...	...	1,070	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	757,295	...	...	950	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,333,575	...	...	3,225	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,371,945	...	...	1,465	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	809,540	...	...	790	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,152,090	...	...	970	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	9,688,845	...	...	12,600	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	88,306	...	...	75,890	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,372	...	...	66,972	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	3,706,220	...	...	6,770	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,976	...	...	70,406	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,309	...	...	62,618	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	4,222,140	...	...	3,650	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	113,465	...	...	107,869	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,608	...	...	93,420	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,481,410	...	...	1,830	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,193	...	...	45,422	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,856	...	...	42,240	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	9,689,855	...	...	12,630	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	111,235	...	...	96,812	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	91,040	...	...	82,041	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	3,706,400	...	...	6,805	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	101,086	...	...	83,763	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,296	...	...	71,624	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	4,225,855	...	...	3,630	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	137,094	...	...	142,903	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	111,307	...	...	118,593	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,477,190	...	...	1,850	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	65,549	...	...	55,201	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,687	...	...	48,810	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	5,313,545	2,608,845	2,704,705	8,680	3,805	4,870
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	31,890	34,483	29,801	27,714	28,192	27,621
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	28,959	30,746	27,495	25,866	25,961	25,799
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	5,299,050	2,596,985	2,702,070	8,630	3,735	4,900
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	42,939	46,085	39,915	35,747	37,514	34,400
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	35,801	37,724	33,952	31,331	32,444	30,483
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	34,460,065	16,971,550	17,488,515	42,105	20,095	22,010
In the bottom half of the distribution	17,229,835	8,256,970	8,972,865	23,510	10,740	12,765
In the bottom decile	3,445,950	1,672,900	1,773,050	4,380	2,050	2,325
In the second decile	3,445,660	1,564,965	1,880,700	5,365	2,300	3,065
In the third decile	3,446,165	1,641,930	1,804,235	4,805	2,160	2,645
In the fourth decile	3,445,850	1,677,120	1,768,730	4,510	2,125	2,380
In the fifth decile	3,446,210	1,700,060	1,746,150	4,450	2,100	2,355
In the top half of the distribution	17,230,230	8,714,580	8,515,650	18,600	9,360	9,245
In the sixth decile	3,445,695	1,716,510	1,729,185	4,415	2,175	2,250
In the seventh decile	3,446,470	1,730,975	1,715,500	3,970	1,940	2,030
In the eighth decile	3,445,940	1,741,640	1,704,300	3,660	1,885	1,770
In the ninth decile	3,446,045	1,751,850	1,694,195	3,405	1,730	1,680
In the top decile	3,446,080	1,773,600	1,672,475	3,145	1,630	1,515
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	33,968,295	16,724,265	17,244,035	40,325	19,235	21,090
0 to 17 years	6,836,380	3,504,250	3,332,125	6,145	3,120	3,020
0 to 5 years	2,228,770	1,142,505	1,086,270	1,775	910	865
18 to 64 years	21,695,090	10,690,090	11,005,005	23,230	11,025	12,210
65 years and over	5,436,830	2,529,930	2,906,905	10,945	5,090	5,865
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	4,809,940	2,243,200	2,566,740	6,360	2,760	3,600
0 to 17 years	1,163,830	597,570	566,255	1,180	585	590
0 to 5 years	396,095	203,055	193,030	355	175	185
18 to 64 years	2,855,290	1,341,590	1,513,700	3,420	1,510	1,905
65 years and over	790,825	304,040	486,780	1,765	665	1,095
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.2	13.4	14.9	15.8	14.3	17.1
0 to 17 years (%)	17.0	17.1	17.0	19.2	18.8	19.5
0 to 5 years (%)	17.8	17.8	17.8	20.0	19.2	21.4
18 to 64 years (%)	13.2	12.5	13.8	14.7	13.7	15.6
65 years and over (%)	14.5	12.0	16.7	16.1	13.1	18.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	3,128,995	1,519,370	1,609,630	2,990	1,460	1,530
0 to 17 years	696,025	357,255	338,770	550	255	290
0 to 5 years	236,435	121,170	115,260	170	80	95
18 to 64 years	2,157,745	1,057,585	1,100,160	2,220	1,120	1,100
65 years and over	275,225	104,525	170,695	220	80	135
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	9.2	9.1	9.3	7.4	7.6	7.3
0 to 17 years (%)	10.2	10.2	10.2	9.0	8.2	9.6
0 to 5 years (%)	10.6	10.6	10.6	9.6	8.8	11.0
18 to 64 years (%)	9.9	9.9	10.0	9.6	10.2	9.0
65 years and over (%)	5.1	4.1	5.9	2.0	1.6	2.3
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	42,105	20,095	22,010
Official languages	33,818,210	16,709,290	17,108,920	41,910	20,030	21,880
English	29,748,265	14,806,270	14,941,995	41,890	20,020	21,875
French	10,242,945	4,952,455	5,290,495	2,800	1,235	1,565
Non-official languages	9,369,280	4,488,185	4,881,090	5,275	2,345	2,930
Aboriginal languages	263,845	127,550	136,295	180	75	105
Algonquian languages	177,570	85,505	92,065	15	0	10
Blackfoot	5,645	2,695	2,950	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	116,585	56,515	60,070	15	10	15
Atikamekw	6,640	3,335	3,305	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	11,440	5,500	5,945	0	0	0
Moose Cree	195	80	115	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,465	710	755	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	545	225	320	0	0	0
Plains Cree	5,905	2,705	3,200	10	0	0
Southern East Cree	40	30	10	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	2,345	995	1,350	0	0	0
Woods Cree	2,665	1,230	1,435	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	86,115	42,080	44,035	10	0	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	9,765	4,710	5,050	0	0	0
Malecite	755	370	390	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	9,025	4,350	4,670	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	46,685	22,100	24,585	0	0	0
Algonquin	2,480	1,165	1,315	0	0	0
Ojibway	28,585	13,365	15,220	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	15,610	7,575	8,030	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	205	105	105	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	120	60	60	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	23,655	11,340	12,320	0	0	10
Northern Athabaskan languages	23,570	11,300	12,265	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	210	105	100	0	0	0
Beaver	340	180	165	0	0	0
Carrier	2,105	955	1,145	0	0	0
Chilcotin	1,150	535	610	0	0	0
Dene	13,060	6,270	6,790	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	2,375	1,210	1,165	0	0	0
Gwich'in	360	165	200	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	150	60	90	0	0	0
Sekani	185	85	100	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	2,815	1,340	1,475	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	1,010	475	530	0	0	0
South Slavey	1,365	660	710	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	680	320	360	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	630	340	285	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	365	205	170	0	0	0
Tahltan	270	140	130	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	420	160	260	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	285	115	170	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	145	50	95	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	85	35	50	0	0	10
Haida	465	205	260	0	0	0
Inuit languages	42,980	21,355	21,630	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,975	895	1,080	0	0	0
Inuktitut	40,620	20,280	20,340	10	10	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	470	225	240	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	2,800	1,240	1,555	0	0	0
Cayuga	125	40	85	0	0	0
Mohawk	2,415	1,120	1,295	0	0	0
Oneida	180	60	125	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	115	45	75	0	0	0
Kutenai	175	95	80	0	0	0
Michif	1,210	585	625	0	0	0
Salish languages	5,750	2,730	3,015	155	65	90
Comox	185	75	110	0	0	0
Halkomelem	1,060	475	585	0	0	0
Lillooet	790	405	385	10	10	10
Okanagan	820	370	450	150	70	90
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	1,305	640	665	0	0	0
Squamish	285	125	155	0	0	0
Straits	360	160	200	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	450	220	235	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	565	295	270	0	0	0
Siouan languages	5,430	2,665	2,770	0	0	0
Dakota	1,760	870	890	0	0	0
Stoney	3,675	1,805	1,875	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	140	70	70	0	0	0
Tlingit	260	140	120	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	2,730	1,350	1,380	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	1,305	645	660	0	0	0
Nisga'a	1,060	545	515	0	0	0
Tsimshian	410	180	235	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	1,490	680	805	0	0	0
Haisla	175	65	110	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	125	50	75	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	605	285	320	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	565	265	300	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	30	20	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	665	310	360	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	9,107,075	4,361,420	4,745,660	5,100	2,275	2,825
Afro-Asiatic languages	837,355	432,560	404,795	25	10	15
Berber languages	29,460	15,745	13,715	0	0	0
Kabyle	17,120	9,100	8,015	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	12,505	6,735	5,775	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	57,125	26,870	30,250	0	0	0
Bilen	1,085	625	470	0	0	0
Oromo	6,245	3,070	3,175	0	0	0
Somali	49,665	23,070	26,590	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	480	220	265	0	0	0
Semitic languages	771,130	400,780	370,350	25	10	20
Amharic	33,670	16,675	16,995	0	0	0
Arabic	629,055	329,235	299,820	25	10	15
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	19,745	9,720	10,020	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	7,115	3,505	3,610	0	0	0
Harari	1,710	855	860	0	0	0
Hebrew	75,020	38,730	36,290	0	0	0
Maltese	7,625	3,760	3,870	10	0	10
Tigrigna	21,340	10,640	10,705	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	3,220	1,655	1,565	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	2,775	1,440	1,335	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	224,865	105,845	119,020	90	45	45
Khmer (Cambodian)	27,035	12,640	14,400	10	0	10
Vietnamese	198,895	93,735	105,155	85	45	40
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	190	70	120	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	656,200	273,075	383,125	280	65	220
Bikol	2,075	885	1,190	0	0	0
Cebuano	27,045	10,960	16,085	15	0	15
Fijian	1,660	955	705	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	7,925	3,200	4,720	0	0	0
Ilocano	34,530	13,805	20,730	0	0	0
Malagasy	2,335	1,120	1,220	0	0	0
Malay	22,470	10,370	12,100	10	0	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5,425	2,445	2,980	0	0	0
Pangasinan	1,800	790	1,015	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	612,735	253,210	359,530	260	55	205
Waray-Waray	1,395	530	860	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5,585	2,540	3,040	15	10	10
Creole languages	155,615	70,545	85,070	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	6,850	3,140	3,710	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	133,045	59,890	73,160	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	16,635	7,955	8,675	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	250,180	126,220	123,960	15	10	0
Kannada	8,245	4,180	4,065	0	0	0
Malayalam	37,810	19,410	18,400	10	0	0
Tamil	189,860	94,640	95,220	0	0	0
Telugu	23,160	12,770	10,390	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	790	385	405	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	870	435	435	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5,158,010	2,506,455	2,651,555	4,040	1,895	2,145
Albanian	31,930	16,140	15,790	35	15	20
Armenian	41,295	19,980	21,315	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	817,315	384,960	432,350	505	215	285
Baltic languages	14,675	6,470	8,205	10	0	10
Latvian	6,500	2,960	3,540	10	0	0
Lithuanian	8,185	3,510	4,675	0	0	10
Slavic languages	805,915	379,965	425,945	500	215	280
Belarusan	2,265	1,070	1,195	0	0	0
Bosnian	18,265	9,055	9,215	10	0	10
Bulgarian	22,425	10,920	11,505	0	0	0
Croatian	69,840	34,515	35,325	50	35	15
Czech	28,720	13,675	15,050	50	25	30
Macedonian	23,075	11,190	11,880	0	0	0
Polish	214,965	99,365	115,600	140	55	85
Russian	269,645	127,055	142,595	130	50	80
Serbian	73,775	37,040	36,740	15	10	10
Serbo-Croatian	11,275	5,525	5,750	10	0	0
Slovak	21,470	10,215	11,255	40	10	30
Slovene (Slovenian)	11,495	5,205	6,290	10	0	10
Ukrainian	132,115	58,820	73,300	90	45	50
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	3,000	1,590	1,405	10	0	10
Celtic languages	9,165	4,705	4,455	10	10	0
Scottish Gaelic	3,980	2,010	1,975	0	0	0
Welsh	1,690	830	860	0	10	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	3,590	1,915	1,680	0	0	0
Germanic languages	695,535	337,215	358,320	1,470	700	765
Afrikaans	23,410	11,795	11,610	85	40	45
Danish	15,745	7,320	8,425	60	20	35
Dutch	120,865	57,885	62,990	270	115	150
Frisian	2,910	1,515	1,395	0	0	0
German	502,730	245,745	256,985	1,075	525	545
Icelandic	1,780	830	945	10	0	0
Norwegian	8,120	3,860	4,260	20	10	10
Swedish	14,140	6,510	7,635	15	0	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	4,400	1,945	2,455	10	10	0
Yiddish	20,985	10,435	10,550	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	8,710	4,425	4,285	0	0	0
Greek	150,965	75,510	75,455	40	20	20
Indo-Iranian languages	1,658,220	840,850	817,365	820	410	410
Indo-Aryan languages	1,387,805	704,370	683,435	800	390	405
Bengali	91,220	46,935	44,285	0	0	0
Gujarati	149,045	74,765	74,285	0	0	0
Hindi	433,365	221,665	211,700	100	50	50
Kashmiri	905	490	420	0	0	0
Konkani	6,790	3,185	3,605	0	10	0
Marathi	15,570	8,200	7,365	0	0	0
Nepali	21,380	10,915	10,470	10	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	1,535	755	775	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	668,240	341,450	326,790	750	360	390
Sindhi	20,260	9,310	10,945	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	27,825	13,970	13,855	0	0	0
Urdu	322,220	164,685	157,535	15	10	10
Iranian languages	281,715	142,030	139,680	25	20	10
Kurdish	15,290	8,290	7,000	0	0	0
Pashto	23,180	12,465	10,715	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	252,320	126,565	125,755	20	20	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	8,875	4,715	4,155	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,897,630	898,530	999,100	1,280	600	675
Catalan	2,035	1,145	890	0	0	10
Italian	574,725	278,500	296,225	275	150	125
Portuguese	295,955	144,465	151,485	300	155	150
Romanian	115,050	55,275	59,770	10	10	0
Spanish	995,255	460,250	535,010	755	340	415
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	2,680	1,610	1,075	10	10	0
Japanese	83,090	36,760	46,335	95	40	60
Kartvelian languages	2,150	1,075	1,075	0	0	0
Georgian	2,150	1,080	1,070	0	0	0
Korean	172,755	80,170	92,590	90	40	50
Mongolic languages	2,090	960	1,130	0	0	0
Mongolian	2,090	960	1,130	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	177,215	88,135	89,080	15	10	0
Akan (Twi)	22,145	10,810	11,340	0	0	0
Bamanankan	3,190	1,660	1,530	0	0	0
Edo	3,220	1,510	1,705	0	0	0
Ewe	3,000	1,685	1,315	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	4,725	2,460	2,260	0	0	0
Ga	2,250	1,140	1,110	0	0	0
Ganda	2,495	1,175	1,320	0	0	0
Igbo	8,850	4,710	4,140	0	0	0
Lingala	17,010	7,865	9,145	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	8,590	4,075	4,515	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	7,860	3,600	4,260	0	0	0
Shona	5,425	2,530	2,905	0	0	0
Swahili	38,680	19,565	19,115	10	0	10
Wolof	8,240	4,455	3,785	0	0	0
Yoruba	22,420	11,475	10,940	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	40,760	20,375	20,385	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	7,015	3,520	3,495	0	0	0
Dinka	2,475	1,280	1,190	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	4,555	2,240	2,315	0	0	0
Sign languages	48,115	18,985	29,130	65	30	30
American Sign Language	21,930	7,780	14,155	25	10	15
Quebec Sign Language	4,665	1,665	3,005	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	22,275	9,835	12,440	35	20	20
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,430,440	672,100	758,340	170	80	90
Chinese languages	1,413,110	663,465	749,640	165	80	90
Cantonese	699,125	325,840	373,285	70	35	40
Hakka	12,445	5,555	6,890	0	0	10
Mandarin	814,450	377,635	436,815	80	30	50
Min Dong	1,045	440	600	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	42,840	19,005	23,835	0	0	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	16,530	7,490	9,040	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	41,690	19,995	21,690	15	15	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	590	250	340	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	18,270	9,100	9,175	0	0	0
Burmese	4,995	2,490	2,500	0	0	0
Karenic languages	4,895	2,425	2,475	0	0	0
Tibetan	7,050	3,555	3,490	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	2,375	1,160	1,220	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	30,400	13,210	17,195	40	10	30
Lao	17,235	8,240	8,990	0	0	0
Thai	15,390	5,875	9,520	40	15	30
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	115	50	65	0	0	0
Turkic languages	60,530	31,585	28,945	20	10	15
Azerbaijani	5,450	2,885	2,565	0	0	0
Turkish	50,775	26,605	24,165	20	10	15
Uyghur	1,385	685	700	0	0	0
Uzbek	2,465	1,230	1,235	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	1,870	905	965	0	0	0
Uralic languages	94,810	44,270	50,545	205	65	140
Estonian	6,070	2,750	3,315	0	0	0
Finnish	17,595	7,540	10,050	30	0	30
Hungarian	71,285	34,005	37,280	170	60	110
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	9,730	5,375	4,355	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490	42,105	20,095	22,010
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	32,034,590	15,799,495	16,235,090	40,710	19,400	21,305
Canadian citizens aged under 18	6,652,795	3,412,785	3,240,010	6,250	3,220	3,030
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	25,381,795	12,386,710	12,995,080	34,460	16,180	18,280
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	2,425,480	1,172,085	1,253,400	1,400	695	700
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	42,105	20,095	22,010
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	26,412,610	13,124,325	13,288,290	36,260	17,360	18,895
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330	5,715	2,655	3,060
Before 1981	1,941,510	927,795	1,013,715	3,350	1,630	1,720
1981 to 1990	915,555	439,245	476,310	545	210	335
1991 to 2000	1,486,655	696,720	789,940	705	270	440
2001 to 2010	1,985,035	940,570	1,044,465	690	330	360
2001 to 2005	928,935	439,890	489,050	305	150	155
2006 to 2010	1,056,095	500,680	555,415	385	180	205
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	1,212,075	582,175	629,895	425	220	200
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	506,625	260,755	245,870	130	75	55
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	7,540,830	3,586,500	3,954,335	5,715	2,660	3,055
Under 5 years	731,340	364,165	367,175	600	340	260
5 to 14 years	1,311,810	665,870	645,945	895	375	520
15 to 24 years	1,604,430	724,430	880,005	1,500	665	835
25 to 44 years	3,198,920	1,513,970	1,684,950	2,245	1,080	1,165
45 years and over	694,320	318,060	376,260	475	200	280
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330	5,715	2,660	3,060
Americas	1,128,745	510,650	618,100	765	345	420
Brazil	29,320	13,235	16,080	15	0	15
Colombia	70,035	32,065	37,965	0	10	0
El Salvador	48,080	23,865	24,215	10	0	0
Guyana	87,685	38,940	48,745	10	0	10
Haiti	93,480	40,955	52,525	10	0	10
Jamaica	138,345	59,960	78,390	15	10	10
Mexico	80,585	37,530	43,055	35	15	20
Peru	29,615	12,950	16,665	10	0	10
Trinidad and Tobago	65,040	29,325	35,710	10	0	10
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	253,715	113,505	140,215	535	245	290
Other places of birth in Americas	232,850	108,325	124,530	115	60	55
Europe	2,088,410	1,015,145	1,073,260	3,430	1,680	1,745
Bosnia and Herzegovina	36,135	18,050	18,085	10	10	0
Croatia	40,045	20,005	20,035	45	25	15
France	105,565	55,395	50,170	55	35	20
Germany	145,845	69,525	76,320	550	270	275
Greece	62,715	31,580	31,135	25	10	10
Hungary	36,820	17,945	18,875	110	40	70
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	28,325	14,355	13,970	40	15	25
Italy	236,640	118,595	118,040	140	85	50
Netherlands	88,475	45,185	43,295	225	120	105
Poland	146,465	66,450	80,020	105	35	65
Portugal	139,450	68,150	71,300	245	130	120
Romania	90,305	42,795	47,510	50	25	20
Russian Federation	78,685	34,265	44,420	20	0	15
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	33,320	16,325	17,000	10	10	10
Ukraine	73,030	33,360	39,665	45	10	35
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	499,115	243,225	255,890	1,395	665	730
Other places of birth in Europe	247,470	119,945	127,530	370	190	180
Africa	637,485	322,510	314,970	170	70	100
Algeria	64,620	33,920	30,705	0	0	0
Egypt	64,615	34,125	30,495	10	0	10
Ethiopia	32,790	15,980	16,810	0	0	0
Kenya	27,150	12,810	14,340	0	0	0
Morocco	69,655	36,120	33,535	0	10	0
Nigeria	42,430	21,830	20,600	0	0	0
Somalia	27,230	12,070	15,160	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	44,660	22,205	22,460	120	50	70
Other places of birth in Africa	264,320	133,450	130,870	25	10	15
Asia	3,629,160	1,709,985	1,919,175	1,215	470	745
Afghanistan	51,955	26,030	25,930	0	0	0
Bangladesh	58,735	29,875	28,865	0	0	0
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	649,260	290,800	358,460	90	45	45
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	208,940	98,020	110,915	55	25	25
India	668,565	334,030	334,540	530	255	275
IranCensus data footnote 61	154,425	77,970	76,455	15	15	10
Iraq	68,485	34,785	33,705	15	10	10
Japan	27,240	7,955	19,285	30	0	30
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	123,305	57,170	66,140	75	35	45
Lebanon	88,745	47,295	41,450	0	0	0
Pakistan	202,260	103,225	99,035	10	0	10
Philippines	588,305	247,095	341,210	250	40	210
Sri Lanka	131,995	64,825	67,170	0	0	0
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	52,960	26,595	26,365	0	0	0
Taiwan	63,770	28,170	35,605	0	0	0
Viet Nam	169,250	78,000	91,250	55	30	30
Other places of birth in Asia	320,965	158,150	162,815	85	25	60
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	57,030	28,210	28,825	140	90	50
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	1,212,075	582,180	629,895	420	220	200
Americas	152,595	72,870	79,720	45	15	30
Brazil	8,500	4,000	4,490	0	0	0
Colombia	15,300	6,885	8,415	0	0	0
Cuba	5,370	2,545	2,820	0	0	0
Haiti	19,985	9,160	10,830	0	0	0
Jamaica	12,495	6,680	5,820	0	0	0
Mexico	18,660	9,090	9,575	10	10	10
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	33,060	16,480	16,580	25	10	20
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	6,425	2,990	3,435	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	32,790	15,040	17,750	10	0	0
Europe	140,030	70,995	69,035	150	85	65
France	24,150	13,000	11,150	0	0	0
Germany	6,300	3,255	3,045	35	35	0
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	5,660	3,540	2,120	10	0	0
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	5,900	2,735	3,165	0	0	0
Romania	7,610	3,330	4,280	0	0	0
Russian Federation	11,565	4,485	7,080	0	0	0
Ukraine	13,425	6,015	7,410	0	0	10
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	24,445	14,235	10,215	30	20	15
Other places of birth in Europe	40,970	20,405	20,570	75	30	45
Africa	162,800	81,545	81,245	15	10	0
Algeria	17,175	8,440	8,735	0	0	0
Cameroon	10,265	5,005	5,255	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	7,400	3,570	3,835	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	6,240	3,030	3,210	0	0	0
Egypt	16,115	8,445	7,665	0	0	0
Eritrea	6,050	3,195	2,855	0	0	0
Ethiopia	7,510	3,625	3,890	0	0	0
Morocco	15,105	7,470	7,635	0	0	0
Nigeria	17,285	8,850	8,435	0	0	0
Somalia	5,335	2,600	2,730	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	5,765	2,935	2,830	10	0	0
Tunisia	6,700	3,475	3,230	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	41,855	20,905	20,950	0	0	0
Asia	748,700	352,095	396,610	170	75	100
Afghanistan	9,240	4,530	4,710	0	0	0
Bangladesh	12,900	6,445	6,460	0	0	0
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	129,020	57,745	71,270	15	10	10
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	4,975	2,090	2,880	0	0	0
India	147,190	75,145	72,045	70	40	25
IranCensus data footnote 61	42,070	20,580	21,490	0	0	0
Iraq	20,665	10,345	10,320	0	0	0
Israel	4,740	2,615	2,130	0	0	0
Japan	4,905	1,250	3,655	10	0	10
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	21,710	9,630	12,075	15	0	10
Lebanon	9,375	4,980	4,400	0	0	0
Nepal	7,505	3,780	3,715	0	0	0
Pakistan	41,480	20,530	20,945	10	0	10
Philippines	188,810	83,050	105,760	45	10	35
Saudi Arabia	5,465	2,820	2,640	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	11,495	5,190	6,305	0	0	0
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	29,945	15,245	14,700	0	0	0
Taiwan	4,310	1,685	2,625	0	0	0
Turkey	4,255	2,365	1,890	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	6,135	3,220	2,910	0	0	0
Viet Nam	11,210	4,500	6,705	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Asia	31,320	14,345	16,970	0	0	0
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	7,955	4,670	3,280	40	30	10
Australia	4,965	2,950	2,010	30	25	10
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	2,990	1,720	1,270	10	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	34,460,060	16,971,575	17,488,485	42,105	20,095	22,010
First generationCensus data footnote 69	8,219,555	3,936,045	4,283,505	6,105	2,880	3,230
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	6,100,725	3,053,075	3,047,650	8,960	4,340	4,625
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	20,139,790	9,982,460	10,157,330	27,040	12,880	14,155
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	5,703,615	2,709,530	2,994,085	2,460	1,065	1,395
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	2,994,130	1,496,240	1,497,885	1,070	480	590
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	1,220,755	755,370	465,380	570	315	260
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	1,773,380	740,870	1,032,510	505	170	330
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	1,782,490	728,085	1,054,400	1,230	505	730
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	858,845	453,675	405,175	130	75	60
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	68,145	31,530	36,615	25	0	20
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	42,110	20,095	22,015
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	1,673,785	813,520	860,265	3,300	1,540	1,765
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	1,629,805	792,970	836,835	3,215	1,485	1,730
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	977,235	471,510	505,725	1,695	740	955
Métis	587,545	289,435	298,115	1,475	715	760
Inuk (Inuit)	65,030	32,030	32,995	45	30	10
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	21,310	10,165	11,145	70	50	25
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	22,670	10,385	12,290	15	10	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	32,786,280	16,158,060	16,628,225	38,805	18,555	20,250
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490	42,105	20,095	22,015
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	820,120	395,670	424,445	1,240	590	650
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	33,639,945	16,575,905	17,064,040	40,870	19,505	21,360
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,490	42,105	20,095	22,010
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	727,790	356,970	370,815	850	415	435
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	709,235	347,985	361,245	835	405	425
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	573,215	280,040	293,180	685	330	350
Métis single ancestry	91,255	45,740	45,515	140	65	70
Inuit single ancestry	44,765	22,210	22,555	10	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	18,555	8,985	9,565	15	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15,140	7,305	7,835	15	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	2,470	1,205	1,265	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	770	390	380	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	170	85	85	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	1,402,735	669,710	733,025	2,990	1,345	1,645
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	1,347,610	644,210	703,400	2,890	1,325	1,565
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	881,455	418,215	463,235	1,685	730	955
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	441,000	213,940	227,065	1,175	575	605
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25,155	12,045	13,105	30	20	10
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	55,125	25,505	29,625	100	20	80
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	49,325	22,740	26,585	100	15	80
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,470	1,655	1,815	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,005	940	1,065	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	325	170	160	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	32,329,545	15,944,900	16,384,645	38,270	18,335	19,935
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	42,105	20,095	22,010
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	7,674,580	3,725,090	3,949,495	2,465	1,100	1,370
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	1,924,635	977,690	946,945	960	470	490
Chinese	1,577,060	746,400	830,665	290	145	140
Black	1,198,540	580,070	618,475	115	40	80
Filipino	780,125	341,800	438,330	365	110	260
Latin American	447,325	215,460	231,860	120	50	70
Arab	523,235	276,425	246,810	30	15	15
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	313,260	148,880	164,385	160	70	90
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	264,305	133,475	130,825	25	20	10
Korean	188,710	89,110	99,600	100	40	60
Japanese	92,920	40,105	52,815	200	85	115
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	132,090	62,540	69,550	25	0	25
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	232,375	113,140	119,230	80	55	25
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	26,785,480	13,246,485	13,539,000	39,640	18,995	20,640
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	42,105	20,095	22,010
North American Aboriginal origins	2,130,520	1,026,675	1,103,840	3,840	1,760	2,080
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,525,570	731,410	794,155	2,490	1,090	1,400
Inuit	79,130	38,695	40,435	35	30	10
Métis	599,995	291,310	308,690	1,430	665	765
Other North American origins	11,628,535	5,745,695	5,882,835	11,300	5,350	5,950
Acadian	119,675	57,805	61,865	85	40	45
American	377,405	182,690	194,715	885	460	420
Canadian	11,135,965	5,501,595	5,634,370	10,650	5,005	5,640
New Brunswicker	1,490	800	685	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	22,215	11,420	10,800	0	10	0
Nova Scotian	3,700	1,770	1,930	0	0	0
Ontarian	3,925	1,980	1,945	0	0	0
Québécois	194,560	99,320	95,235	25	15	10
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	1,895	950	945	0	0	10
European origins	19,683,320	9,687,715	9,995,605	34,710	16,490	18,215
British Isles origins	11,211,850	5,474,735	5,737,115	23,595	11,270	12,330
Channel Islander	3,595	1,740	1,855	10	0	10
Cornish	1,975	995	975	0	0	0
English	6,320,085	3,069,515	3,250,570	15,225	7,350	7,870
Irish	4,627,000	2,195,620	2,431,385	8,135	3,585	4,545
Manx	6,125	3,090	3,040	20	10	10
Scottish	4,799,005	2,323,390	2,475,620	10,130	4,795	5,335
Welsh	474,805	226,600	248,210	1,275	605	670
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	644,695	307,090	337,610	1,090	470	620
French origins	4,680,820	2,283,480	2,397,340	5,015	2,230	2,785
Alsatian	2,800	1,300	1,495	0	0	0
Breton	11,845	5,765	6,080	10	0	10
Corsican	1,750	950	805	0	0	0
French	4,670,595	2,278,430	2,392,165	5,020	2,235	2,785
Western European origins (except French origins)	4,600,855	2,258,095	2,342,760	10,640	4,885	5,760
Austrian	207,050	100,775	106,275	700	305	395
Bavarian	940	485	455	10	0	10
Belgian	186,665	91,395	95,270	260	120	140
Dutch	1,111,655	546,565	565,090	2,450	1,135	1,315
Flemish	11,685	5,730	5,960	10	15	0
Frisian	4,590	2,395	2,195	0	0	0
German	3,322,405	1,626,785	1,695,615	7,775	3,470	4,305
Luxembourger	3,915	2,025	1,890	10	0	0
Swiss	155,120	76,935	78,185	410	230	180
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	3,365	1,645	1,720	15	10	10
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,201,320	579,005	622,315	4,140	1,850	2,295
Danish	207,470	100,660	106,810	555	225	335
Finnish	143,645	69,045	74,600	325	155	170
Icelandic	101,795	49,875	51,915	320	140	180
Norwegian	463,275	223,075	240,200	1,805	830	975
Swedish	349,645	163,545	186,095	1,400	610	790
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	52,780	26,965	25,820	180	100	85
Eastern European origins	3,431,245	1,666,740	1,764,505	6,735	3,110	3,625
Bulgarian	34,565	16,935	17,625	0	0	0
Byelorussian	20,710	10,190	10,515	25	0	15
Czech	104,580	51,555	53,030	200	110	90
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	40,715	19,235	21,480	110	45	60
Estonian	24,530	11,715	12,815	40	10	25
Hungarian	348,085	170,040	178,045	850	365	490
Latvian	30,725	14,920	15,805	60	40	25
Lithuanian	59,285	28,745	30,535	70	40	30
Moldovan	14,915	7,265	7,650	0	10	0
Polish	1,106,585	533,830	572,750	1,610	715	895
Romanian	238,050	114,705	123,345	320	155	165
Russian	622,445	297,600	324,850	1,440	650	790
Slovak	72,285	35,360	36,925	165	80	80
Ukrainian	1,359,655	663,560	696,095	2,960	1,420	1,540
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	20,415	9,895	10,520	10	10	10
Southern European origins	3,012,375	1,494,605	1,517,775	2,935	1,415	1,515
Albanian	36,185	18,385	17,800	20	10	15
Bosnian	26,740	13,320	13,420	0	0	0
Catalan	1,280	740	535	0	0	0
Croatian	133,970	67,825	66,140	230	110	115
Cypriot	5,650	2,850	2,795	0	0	0
Greek	271,410	137,405	134,005	165	85	80
Italian	1,587,965	794,525	793,445	1,580	755	825
Kosovar	2,865	1,470	1,395	10	10	10
Macedonian	43,110	21,650	21,460	10	0	10
Maltese	41,920	20,955	20,965	25	10	15
Montenegrin	4,160	2,180	1,985	0	0	0
Portuguese	482,605	239,360	243,250	620	340	285
Serbian	96,530	49,095	47,440	70	40	30
Sicilian	6,940	3,500	3,435	0	0	0
Slovenian	40,470	20,105	20,365	35	10	20
Spanish	396,460	184,520	211,945	305	110	195
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	38,480	18,620	19,860	70	30	30
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	2,170	1,030	1,135	0	0	0
Other European origins	226,695	115,110	111,580	270	115	150
Basque	6,965	3,690	3,275	0	0	0
Jewish	143,660	72,625	71,035	80	35	50
Roma (Gypsy)	4,630	2,195	2,440	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	4,870	2,560	2,310	10	0	10
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	67,890	34,730	33,160	180	80	100
Caribbean origins	749,155	349,810	399,345	80	35	45
Antiguan	4,500	2,115	2,385	0	0	0
Bahamian	3,675	1,915	1,760	0	0	0
Barbadian	37,780	17,745	20,035	0	0	10
Bermudan	3,075	1,435	1,640	0	0	0
Carib	3,030	1,175	1,860	0	0	0
Cuban	29,065	13,800	15,270	0	0	0
Dominican	23,130	11,000	12,125	10	10	0
Grenadian	17,915	7,835	10,080	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	1,125	515	605	0	0	0
Haitian	165,095	76,460	88,635	10	0	10
Jamaican	309,485	145,080	164,410	30	20	10
Kittitian/Nevisian	2,915	1,460	1,460	0	0	0
Martinican	2,010	900	1,110	0	0	0
Montserratan	930	460	470	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	3,405	1,645	1,765	0	0	0
St. Lucian	8,985	4,095	4,890	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	78,965	37,325	41,635	15	0	20
Vincentian/Grenadinian	17,420	7,475	9,945	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	70,270	31,625	38,645	15	10	10
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	26,830	12,520	14,310	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	674,640	325,210	349,430	345	175	170
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	22,725	10,875	11,850	10	10	0
Arawak	1,440	610	830	0	0	0
Argentinian	20,680	10,130	10,545	20	0	10
Belizean	1,755	915	845	0	0	0
Bolivian	5,055	2,480	2,580	0	0	0
Brazilian	36,830	17,380	19,455	10	0	0
Chilean	45,190	22,280	22,910	25	20	0
Colombian	96,325	45,590	50,735	10	10	0
Costa Rican	5,535	2,680	2,855	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	25,405	11,995	13,415	0	0	0
Guatemalan	26,275	13,360	12,915	35	15	15
Guyanese	84,275	39,530	44,745	10	0	0
Hispanic	11,055	5,380	5,670	0	0	0
Honduran	10,650	5,235	5,415	0	0	0
Maya	6,285	3,350	2,940	10	0	10
Mexican	128,485	62,890	65,595	130	65	60
Nicaraguan	13,705	6,650	7,055	10	0	0
Panamanian	4,700	2,210	2,495	25	0	20
Paraguayan	4,325	2,165	2,160	0	10	0
Peruvian	42,145	19,645	22,505	10	0	10
Salvadorean	66,220	32,960	33,255	30	30	0
Uruguayan	6,795	3,390	3,410	10	0	10
Venezuelan	26,345	12,220	14,125	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	28,455	13,930	14,525	25	0	20
African origins	1,067,930	539,805	528,120	325	145	180
Central and West African origins	230,110	118,040	112,070	10	0	10
Akan	1,955	1,090	870	0	0	0
Angolan	2,960	1,475	1,480	0	0	0
Ashanti	1,585	855	735	0	0	0
Beninese	4,995	2,670	2,320	0	0	0
Burkinabe	3,150	1,665	1,485	0	0	0
Cameroonian	24,615	12,390	12,230	0	0	0
Chadian	1,845	955	885	0	0	0
Congolese	38,365	18,925	19,440	0	0	0
Edo	1,945	1,095	855	0	0	0
Ewe	845	470	375	0	0	0
Gabonese	1,405	660	750	0	0	0
Gambian	975	495	475	0	0	0
Ghanaian	35,495	17,720	17,770	0	0	0
Guinean	7,240	3,785	3,455	0	0	0
Ibo	5,315	2,850	2,470	0	0	0
Ivorian	10,935	5,485	5,450	0	0	0
Liberian	2,485	1,130	1,360	0	0	0
Malian	4,490	2,280	2,210	0	0	0
Malinké	1,125	585	535	0	0	0
Nigerian	51,835	27,025	24,805	0	0	0
Peulh	2,435	1,270	1,170	0	0	0
Senegalese	10,175	5,500	4,670	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	2,620	1,330	1,295	0	0	0
Togolese	5,300	2,870	2,430	0	0	0
Wolof	840	495	345	0	0	0
Yoruba	9,585	5,075	4,515	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	15,380	7,940	7,445	10	0	0
North African origins	355,045	185,775	169,270	20	10	10
Algerian	67,335	34,755	32,580	0	10	0
Berber	37,060	19,685	17,375	0	0	0
Coptic	3,535	1,860	1,680	0	0	0
Dinka	900	500	400	0	0	0
Egyptian	99,140	51,730	47,410	15	0	15
Libyan	7,740	4,135	3,605	0	0	0
Maure	1,190	655	535	0	0	0
Moroccan	103,940	54,005	49,945	10	0	0
Sudanese	19,960	10,315	9,645	0	0	0
Tunisian	25,645	13,985	11,665	10	10	0
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	6,115	3,320	2,795	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	260,145	128,325	131,815	110	45	65
Afrikaner	1,870	955	915	0	0	0
Amhara	1,530	815	715	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	3,965	2,175	1,785	0	0	0
Burundian	10,990	5,405	5,580	0	0	0
Djiboutian	1,710	790	920	0	0	0
Eritrean	25,255	12,830	12,430	0	0	0
Ethiopian	44,065	21,680	22,385	0	0	0
Harari	665	355	305	0	0	0
Kenyan	10,915	5,230	5,685	0	0	0
Malagasy	4,500	2,175	2,325	0	10	0
Mauritian	9,325	4,655	4,665	0	0	10
Oromo	3,350	1,745	1,605	0	0	0
Rwandan	10,775	5,065	5,705	0	0	0
Seychellois	1,285	575	710	0	0	0
Somali	62,550	30,215	32,330	0	0	0
South African	41,375	20,575	20,800	95	40	60
Tanzanian	4,710	2,400	2,310	0	0	0
Tigrian	2,155	1,160	995	0	0	0
Ugandan	5,705	2,875	2,830	0	0	0
Zambian	1,860	935	920	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	8,090	3,975	4,110	0	0	0
Zulu	945	475	475	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	17,305	8,445	8,860	0	0	0
Other African origins	239,560	116,400	123,165	195	90	95
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	30,385	14,015	16,370	50	20	30
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	212,005	103,790	108,215	140	75	70
Asian origins	6,095,235	2,958,120	3,137,115	2,510	1,160	1,350
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,011,145	518,170	492,980	185	105	75
Afghan	83,995	42,320	41,675	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	111,400	58,930	52,475	20	10	10
Armenian	63,810	31,505	32,305	35	15	15
Assyrian	13,835	7,115	6,720	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	6,425	3,230	3,200	0	0	0
Georgian	4,775	2,430	2,345	15	10	10
Hazara	1,515	810	705	0	0	0
Iranian	210,405	106,565	103,840	25	20	10
Iraqi	70,925	35,965	34,955	0	0	0
Israeli	28,735	15,065	13,675	0	0	0
Jordanian	14,250	7,520	6,735	0	0	0
Kazakh	3,330	1,615	1,710	0	0	0
Kurd	16,315	8,810	7,515	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	2,235	1,185	1,055	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	1,060	510	550	0	0	0
Lebanese	219,555	112,970	106,590	45	35	10
Palestinian	44,820	23,900	20,920	0	0	0
Pashtun	4,810	2,565	2,245	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	6,810	3,935	2,880	0	0	0
Syrian	77,045	38,445	38,600	0	0	0
Tajik	2,905	1,410	1,495	0	0	0
Tatar	4,825	2,155	2,670	10	0	10
Turk	63,955	32,855	31,100	30	15	20
Turkmen	1,040	540	500	0	0	0
Uighur	1,555	775	785	0	0	0
Uzbek	3,920	1,920	2,000	0	0	0
Yemeni	6,645	3,335	3,305	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	25,280	13,180	12,100	0	0	0
South Asian origins	1,963,330	993,595	969,735	965	470	495
Bangladeshi	45,940	23,645	22,300	0	0	0
Bengali	22,900	11,730	11,180	0	0	0
Bhutanese	3,600	1,765	1,835	0	0	0
East Indian	1,374,710	694,990	679,720	815	395	420
Goan	6,070	2,915	3,155	10	0	0
Gujarati	8,350	4,305	4,050	0	0	0
Kashmiri	3,115	1,605	1,510	0	0	0
Nepali	17,140	8,715	8,420	0	0	0
Pakistani	215,555	110,420	105,140	15	15	0
Punjabi	118,400	61,155	57,240	140	70	70
Sinhalese	7,285	3,605	3,685	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	152,595	75,010	77,585	0	0	0
Tamil	48,670	24,845	23,825	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	76,400	38,815	37,585	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	3,163,360	1,467,205	1,696,155	1,355	585	770
Burmese	9,335	4,535	4,795	10	0	10
Cambodian (Khmer)	38,490	18,515	19,980	25	0	20
Chinese	1,769,195	836,150	933,045	440	235	210
Filipino	837,130	369,105	468,025	425	125	295
Hmong	805	420	390	0	0	0
Indonesian	21,390	9,950	11,440	30	10	20
Japanese	121,485	53,415	68,070	240	110	135
Karen	4,510	2,275	2,240	0	0	0
Korean	198,210	93,680	104,525	105	40	65
Laotian	24,580	12,190	12,390	0	0	0
Malaysian	16,920	7,735	9,185	10	10	10
Mongolian	7,480	3,560	3,915	10	10	0
Singaporean	2,850	1,325	1,520	0	0	0
Taiwanese	36,510	16,570	19,945	10	0	10
Thai	19,010	7,330	11,680	40	10	30
Tibetan	8,040	4,055	3,985	0	0	0
Vietnamese	240,615	115,935	124,680	115	70	45
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	6,500	3,150	3,355	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	22,745	11,280	11,460	10	10	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	22,740	11,280	11,460	10	10	0
Oceania origins	85,470	43,030	42,440	220	120	100
Australian	42,315	21,710	20,605	125	70	60
New Zealander	15,395	8,065	7,330	35	30	0
Pacific Islands origins	29,485	14,240	15,250	70	20	45
Fijian	19,375	9,280	10,090	10	0	10
Hawaiian	3,295	1,500	1,795	20	0	15
Maori	2,500	1,310	1,195	15	0	10
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	1,530	725	805	15	10	10
Samoan	1,100	625	475	10	0	10
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	2,335	1,145	1,185	10	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	14,072,075	...	...	19,885	...	...
Owner	9,541,320	...	...	13,585	...	...
Renter	4,474,530	...	...	6,275	...	...
Band housing	56,230	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	14,072,075	...	...	19,880	...	...
Condominium	1,874,840	...	...	3,910	...	...
Not condominium	12,197,240	...	...	15,970	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	14,072,080	...	...	19,885	...	...
No bedrooms	93,345	...	...	150	...	...
1 bedroom	1,925,015	...	...	2,540	...	...
2 bedrooms	3,547,090	...	...	7,045	...	...
3 bedrooms	4,836,485	...	...	5,630	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,670,145	...	...	4,525	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	14,072,075	...	...	19,885	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	4,068,915	...	...	5,670	...	...
5 rooms	2,177,045	...	...	3,730	...	...
6 rooms	1,981,585	...	...	2,690	...	...
7 rooms	1,790,180	...	...	2,255	...	...
8 or more rooms	4,054,355	...	...	5,545	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	6.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	14,072,080	...	...	19,885	...	...
One person or fewer per room	13,802,060	...	...	19,775	...	...
More than 1 person per room	270,020	...	...	105	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	14,072,075	...	...	19,885	...	...
Suitable	13,376,345	...	...	19,350	...	...
Not suitable	695,730	...	...	540	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	14,072,080	...	...	19,885	...	...
1960 or before	3,126,380	...	...	3,280	...	...
1961 to 1980	4,185,510	...	...	6,345	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,977,640	...	...	3,280	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,746,390	...	...	3,565	...	...
2001 to 2005	976,390	...	...	1,125	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,089,750	...	...	1,415	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	970,015	...	...	880	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	14,072,080	...	...	19,880	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	13,151,600	...	...	18,650	...	...
Major repairs needed	920,480	...	...	1,235	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	14,072,080	...	...	19,885	...	...
1 household maintainer	8,324,865	...	...	11,825	...	...
2 household maintainers	5,404,800	...	...	7,635	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	342,415	...	...	425	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	14,072,080	...	...	19,880	...	...
15 to 24 years	437,230	...	...	450	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,991,685	...	...	1,705	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,414,920	...	...	2,155	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,862,870	...	...	3,355	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,859,315	...	...	4,505	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,034,220	...	...	3,845	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,084,700	...	...	2,685	...	...
85 years and over	387,135	...	...	1,190	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	13,798,305	...	...	18,905	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	10,472,355	...	...	13,910	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,325,950	...	...	5,000	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,861,615	...	...	4,535	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	9,368,330	...	...	12,710	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	60.7	...	...	52.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	16.6	...	...	15.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,130	...	...	792	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,313	...	...	1,044	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	341,556	...	...	383,005	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	443,058	...	...	424,045	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,452,850	...	...	6,205	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	13.0	...	...	14.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	40.0	...	...	48.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	910	...	...	911	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,002	...	...	1,038	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,580	36,970	17,450	19,515
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,239,575	2,667,995	2,571,585	6,670	3,385	3,290
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	7,576,400	3,686,630	3,889,770	11,200	5,045	6,160
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,230	19,090	9,025	10,070
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,800,260	1,906,610	893,650	4,530	3,225	1,305
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,549,880	880,365	669,515	1,980	1,075	900
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	1,250,385	1,026,250	224,140	2,555	2,150	405
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,553,825	2,326,940	3,226,890	7,980	2,820	5,155
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	813,335	331,940	481,395	1,120	390	730
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,659,615	3,070,315	3,589,300	5,460	2,585	2,880
Bachelor's degree	4,443,835	1,967,905	2,475,935	3,570	1,645	1,930
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	462,295	203,725	258,570	380	155	225
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	190,925	102,530	88,395	260	150	110
Master's degree	1,331,045	651,510	679,535	1,105	530	570
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	231,510	144,640	86,870	145	95	45
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	21,345	9,960	11,385
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,169,790	1,200,110	969,685	2,525	1,410	1,115
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	4,494,585	2,247,020	2,247,565	6,240	2,955	3,285
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,267,005	5,821,425	6,445,580	12,585	5,595	6,990
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,042,430	1,377,775	664,650	2,670	1,900	770
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,145,035	639,785	505,250	1,165	620	540
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	897,390	737,990	159,405	1,505	1,275	230
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,241,985	1,786,065	2,455,920	5,400	1,845	3,550
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	580,885	240,040	340,850	660	200	455
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	5,401,705	2,417,555	2,984,155	3,855	1,645	2,215
Bachelor's degree	3,590,080	1,562,160	2,027,925	2,575	1,080	1,495
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	362,455	151,205	211,250	290	130	160
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	153,290	74,440	78,855	195	100	100
Master's degree	1,120,190	527,335	592,850	720	285	435
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	175,685	102,415	73,275	70	50	25
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	36,965	17,455	19,520
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	12,815,980	6,354,625	6,461,350	17,875	8,430	9,445
Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,800	1,660	525	1,135
13. Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,805	1,660	520	1,135
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	596,230	268,050	328,180	585	235	350
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	99,020	72,865	26,150	160	105	50
50. Visual and performing arts	497,210	195,185	302,025	425	130	295
Humanities	850,840	330,490	520,345	695	290	410
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	98,000	22,100	75,900	45	0	40
23. English language and literature/letters	178,590	52,785	125,810	185	80	105
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	275,525	104,135	171,390	220	80	135
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	4,160	1,640	2,520	10	10	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	51,930	30,185	21,750	25	10	20
39. Theology and religious vocations	77,490	46,285	31,200	75	45	30
54. History	111,465	59,965	51,500	110	55	55
55. French language and literature/letters	53,680	13,400	40,290	30	10	20
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,761,900	586,455	1,175,445	1,515	525	995
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	24,685	5,660	19,025	20	10	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	182,275	68,030	114,245	80	25	55
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	324,660	26,065	298,595	390	40	345
22. Legal professions and studies	289,600	102,660	186,945	280	100	180
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	35,445	8,150	27,295	30	10	25
42. Psychology	281,470	71,230	210,230	275	85	190
45. Social sciences	623,775	304,660	319,110	440	250	190
Business, management and public administration	3,360,045	1,272,475	2,087,565	3,540	1,200	2,340
30.16 Accounting and computer science	6,190	1,850	4,340	20	10	15
44. Public administration and social service professions	237,835	48,815	189,015	290	50	240
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,116,025	1,221,805	1,894,215	3,225	1,145	2,075
Physical and life sciences and technologies	614,280	315,665	298,615	515	280	240
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	249,955	105,560	144,400	230	120	110
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	125,600	61,685	63,915	100	45	55
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	28,155	12,625	15,530	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	179,305	122,815	56,485	125	90	35
41. Science technologies/technicians	31,270	12,980	18,290	65	20	40
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	651,480	420,370	231,110	310	215	95
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	514,685	356,435	158,250	210	170	35
25. Library science	40,820	6,495	34,320	45	0	40
27. Mathematics and statistics	86,655	50,930	35,725	45	30	20
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	9,325	6,510	2,815	15	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,327,405	3,022,700	304,700	4,250	3,935	315
04. Architecture and related services	114,315	72,880	41,435	85	45	35
14. Engineering	752,465	615,880	136,585	305	275	35
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	620,065	551,855	68,205	760	645	115
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	410	85	325	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	702,155	682,710	19,445	1,230	1,175	55
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	731,135	709,430	21,705	1,165	1,125	40
48. Precision production	406,855	389,850	17,005	705	670	35
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	339,050	219,040	120,010	580	360	215
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	205,930	127,925	78,005	375	205	170
03. Natural resources and conservation	133,120	91,115	42,005	205	155	50
Health and related fields	2,266,720	441,180	1,825,545	3,900	750	3,155
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	164,295	81,260	83,040	370	190	180
51. Health professions and related programs	2,047,680	329,010	1,718,670	3,460	520	2,940
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	54,740	30,910	23,830	75	40	35
Personal, protective and transportation services	995,825	507,200	488,630	1,535	715	820
12. Personal and culinary services	565,555	151,530	414,025	1,050	285	765
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	3,505	3,080	420	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	7,900	7,230	670	30	35	0
43. Security and protective services	206,745	150,540	56,205	155	125	30
49. Transportation and materials moving	212,125	194,810	17,315	290	265	25
Other	3,170	885	2,280	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	3,170	890	2,280	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	18,931,385	9,268,555	9,662,825	21,345	9,960	11,390
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	6,664,380	3,447,130	3,217,250	8,765	4,365	4,400
Education	727,515	160,315	567,205	955	245	705
13. Education	727,515	160,315	567,200	955	245	705
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	467,905	208,365	259,545	410	150	255
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	74,530	53,995	20,535	80	60	25
50. Visual and performing arts	393,375	154,370	239,005	325	95	230
Humanities	614,815	232,425	382,390	460	195	260
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	76,540	16,200	60,340	30	10	30
23. English language and literature/letters	133,800	38,310	95,485	125	55	70
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	191,005	71,770	119,235	145	65	80
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	3,140	1,250	1,895	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	37,870	21,930	15,940	20	10	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	52,295	31,200	21,090	45	30	20
54. History	82,565	43,475	39,085	80	35	45
55. French language and literature/letters	37,600	8,285	29,315	15	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,417,625	453,100	964,525	1,100	345	750
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20,300	4,595	15,705	20	10	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	152,080	56,125	95,955	75	25	50
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	259,845	19,160	240,685	245	20	230
22. Legal professions and studies	241,170	76,720	164,445	205	65	145
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	27,310	6,390	20,920	15	0	15
42. Psychology	218,470	51,570	166,900	195	40	155
45. Social sciences	498,450	238,540	259,915	335	180	155
Business, management and public administration	2,696,770	1,000,895	1,695,875	2,285	720	1,565
30.16 Accounting and computer science	4,955	1,480	3,475	25	10	15
44. Public administration and social service professions	192,190	36,890	155,305	225	35	190
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,499,625	962,530	1,537,095	2,035	675	1,355
Physical and life sciences and technologies	449,870	222,120	227,755	335	155	180
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	195,830	79,945	115,880	165	75	90
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	89,205	42,265	46,945	60	25	35
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	9,280	3,850	5,430	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	132,935	87,025	45,905	80	55	25
41. Science technologies/technicians	22,625	9,035	13,590	35	0	30
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	567,415	368,840	198,575	260	170	85
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	464,000	321,805	142,190	190	150	35
25. Library science	29,955	4,870	25,080	30	0	30
27. Mathematics and statistics	65,620	36,895	28,725	25	10	20
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	7,840	5,270	2,575	15	15	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,532,555	2,271,735	260,820	2,635	2,380	250
04. Architecture and related services	93,135	57,280	35,850	60	25	35
14. Engineering	612,265	490,980	121,285	205	170	30
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	475,045	418,595	56,450	505	415	95
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	350	70	275	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	515,630	499,670	15,960	770	725	50
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	540,800	523,425	17,375	690	660	25
48. Precision production	295,335	281,715	13,620	405	390	20
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	269,445	167,680	101,770	420	245	170
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	159,975	94,680	65,295	265	145	120
03. Natural resources and conservation	109,470	73,000	36,470	160	105	50
Health and related fields	1,749,545	342,395	1,407,145	2,710	515	2,195
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	129,560	63,315	66,245	265	135	140
51. Health professions and related programs	1,576,945	256,895	1,320,050	2,380	350	2,030
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	43,040	22,185	20,860	65	35	30
Personal, protective and transportation services	770,950	392,820	378,135	1,025	465	560
12. Personal and culinary services	431,415	114,395	317,025	685	180	510
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	2,725	2,355	375	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	4,425	3,975	445	0	10	0
43. Security and protective services	162,995	116,750	46,240	130	100	30
49. Transportation and materials moving	169,400	155,340	14,050	200	175	25
Other	2,590	745	1,845	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	2,585	740	1,845	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,585	36,970	17,455	19,515
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,815,975	6,354,625	6,461,350	17,875	8,430	9,445
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,235	19,090	9,020	10,070
Location of study inside Canada	13,117,190	6,299,305	6,817,890	16,510	7,630	8,885
Same as province or territory of residence	11,519,215	5,503,640	6,015,575	11,650	5,265	6,380
Different than province or territory of residence	1,597,975	795,655	802,315	4,865	2,370	2,500
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	2,709,850	1,336,505	1,373,345	2,580	1,390	1,185
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	349,540	189,995	159,545	715	445	265
Philippines	298,830	109,820	189,020	120	25	95
India	281,415	142,410	138,995	125	75	55
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	232,035	131,050	100,980	535	275	265
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	205,375	94,690	110,685	20	0	10
France	88,860	50,400	38,455	30	25	10
Other	1,253,790	618,135	635,655	1,025	545	485
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	21,345	9,960	11,385
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,664,380	3,447,125	3,217,250	8,765	4,365	4,400
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	12,267,005	5,821,430	6,445,575	12,580	5,595	6,990
Location of study inside Canada	10,134,590	4,807,045	5,327,545	11,225	4,920	6,300
Same as province or territory of residence	8,918,160	4,207,495	4,710,665	8,390	3,620	4,770
Different than province or territory of residence	1,216,425	599,545	616,875	2,835	1,305	1,535
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	2,132,415	1,014,385	1,118,030	1,360	670	685
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	254,245	131,955	122,290	405	225	175
Philippines	263,095	96,025	167,065	105	25	75
India	239,535	117,445	122,090	100	50	45
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	133,655	73,575	60,085	220	105	120
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	175,825	79,635	96,190	20	10	10
France	72,920	40,610	32,310	15	10	10
Other	993,135	475,145	517,990	500	250	250
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,585	36,965	17,450	19,520
In the labour force	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,645	20,810	10,400	10,420
Employed	17,230,040	8,923,540	8,306,490	19,040	9,375	9,660
Unemployed	1,442,435	808,285	634,150	1,780	1,020	755
Not in the labour force	9,970,545	4,258,605	5,711,945	16,155	7,055	9,100
Participation rate	65.2	69.6	61.0	56.3	59.6	53.4
Employment rate	60.2	63.8	56.7	51.5	53.7	49.5
Unemployment rate	7.7	8.3	7.1	8.6	9.8	7.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,580	36,965	17,450	19,520
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	9,282,005	3,930,570	5,351,440	14,920	6,520	8,405
Worked	19,361,010	10,059,865	9,301,150	22,045	10,935	11,115
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	9,626,010	5,402,110	4,223,895	9,560	5,110	4,450
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	9,735,005	4,657,755	5,077,245	12,485	5,825	6,665
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.4	42.9	42.0	40.8	41.0	40.5
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	18,672,470	9,731,825	8,940,640	20,815	10,395	10,420
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,705	206,640	345	170	170
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000	20,475	10,225	10,245
Employee	16,073,685	8,158,745	7,914,940	17,470	8,430	9,045
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	2,194,440	1,375,380	819,060	3,000	1,795	1,200
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	18,672,470	9,731,830	8,940,645	20,815	10,395	10,420
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,710	206,640	345	170	170
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	18,268,120	9,534,120	8,734,005	20,470	10,225	10,245
0 Management occupations	2,013,370	1,251,165	762,205	2,170	1,280	890
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,874,305	862,870	2,011,440	2,730	625	2,100
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,273,660	990,560	283,105	935	690	245
3 Health occupations	1,245,885	244,730	1,001,155	1,760	340	1,420
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,138,445	672,945	1,465,495	1,855	570	1,290
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	557,275	255,705	301,570	530	245	280
6 Sales and service occupations	4,265,895	1,843,510	2,422,390	5,710	2,260	3,455
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,668,875	2,504,290	164,585	3,385	3,150	235
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	416,135	331,920	84,215	715	520	190
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	814,285	576,435	237,845	685	550	135
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,640	20,810	10,395	10,415
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,710	206,640	340	170	175
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000	20,470	10,230	10,240
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	444,680	310,000	134,675	765	440	330
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	271,300	219,880	51,420	295	265	35
22 Utilities	136,350	100,135	36,210	85	65	20
23 Construction	1,365,010	1,196,550	168,455	1,945	1,740	205
31-33 Manufacturing	1,596,570	1,149,745	446,820	1,460	1,120	340
41 Wholesale trade	665,685	451,230	214,455	480	355	120
44-45 Retail trade	2,110,200	984,090	1,126,115	2,885	1,300	1,590
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	876,050	656,375	219,670	680	475	200
51 Information and cultural industries	420,350	243,650	176,705	270	125	145
52 Finance and insurance	790,580	327,865	462,715	590	195	400
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	333,305	184,350	148,955	470	240	225
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,335,125	740,520	594,605	985	505	475
55 Management of companies and enterprises	28,795	12,795	16,000	10	10	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	802,420	462,825	339,590	765	485	280
61 Educational services	1,346,585	420,845	925,735	1,100	380	720
62 Health care and social assistance	2,138,025	383,755	1,754,270	3,000	565	2,440
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	379,740	192,875	186,865	520	255	270
72 Accommodation and food services	1,283,725	535,210	748,515	2,130	830	1,295
81 Other services (except public administration)	814,695	371,880	442,815	885	320	570
91 Public administration	1,128,945	589,530	539,405	1,165	565	600
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	17,230,035	8,923,540	8,306,495	19,035	9,375	9,660
Worked at home	1,272,285	639,500	632,785	1,565	720	840
Worked outside Canada	78,815	54,235	24,580	75	35	40
No fixed workplace address	1,987,260	1,487,445	499,820	2,485	1,855	630
Worked at usual place	13,891,675	6,742,360	7,149,315	14,915	6,765	8,155
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	13,891,680	6,742,365	7,149,315	14,920	6,760	8,155
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	8,102,115	3,723,115	4,379,005	10,415	4,500	5,915
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,906,390	1,435,640	1,470,750	3,625	1,715	1,910
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,725,205	1,492,170	1,233,030	630	380	250
Commute to a different province or territory	157,970	91,445	66,525	240	165	70
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135	17,400	8,620	8,785
Car, truck, van - as a driver	11,748,095	6,380,120	5,367,975	13,275	6,595	6,675
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	868,920	349,855	519,065	1,200	540	655
Public transit	1,968,215	846,735	1,121,485	330	110	215
Walked	877,985	392,950	485,030	1,780	765	1,010
Bicycle	222,130	146,615	75,515	370	260	110
Other method	193,595	113,525	80,060	450	340	110
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	15,878,945	8,229,810	7,649,130	17,405	8,620	8,785
Less than 15 minutes	4,449,920	2,071,365	2,378,555	10,180	4,620	5,560
15 to 29 minutes	5,314,295	2,725,165	2,589,130	4,660	2,375	2,280
30 to 44 minutes	3,228,845	1,782,680	1,446,165	1,440	860	580
45 to 59 minutes	1,391,060	768,115	622,940	420	270	155
60 minutes and over	1,494,830	882,485	612,345	705	495	210
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135	17,400	8,620	8,780
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,073,680	781,230	292,455	885	670	215
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,814,750	1,754,045	1,060,710	3,325	2,055	1,270
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	4,458,835	2,217,210	2,241,620	4,410	2,370	2,045
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,349,975	1,408,710	1,941,265	4,070	1,450	2,620
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,756,265	752,940	1,003,325	2,240	905	1,335
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,425,435	1,315,670	1,109,765	2,470	1,170	1,300
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	19,956,255	10,342,970	9,613,285	22,865	11,305	11,565
Single responses	19,365,980	10,042,855	9,323,130	22,750	11,245	11,505
Official languages	19,090,545	9,897,470	9,193,075	22,645	11,185	11,465
English	15,265,335	7,952,010	7,313,320	22,605	11,165	11,435
French	3,825,215	1,945,465	1,879,750	45	20	25
Non-official languages	275,430	145,380	130,055	95	60	35
Aboriginal languages	24,950	12,385	12,565	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	14,440	7,370	7,070	0	0	0
Blackfoot	80	45	35	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	11,540	5,820	5,720	0	0	0
Atikamekw	1,095	580	515	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	2,055	970	1,085	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	370	180	190	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	40	25	10	0	0	0
Plains Cree	95	60	35	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	15	10	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	75	35	40	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	7,795	3,965	3,835	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	925	510	420	0	0	0
Malecite	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	915	505	410	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	1,895	995	900	0	0	0
Algonquin	45	20	25	0	0	0
Ojibway	765	380	385	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	1,080	595	485	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	1,140	530	610	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	1,135	525	610	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	20	0	15	0	0	0
Chilcotin	20	0	10	0	0	0
Dene	770	360	405	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	165	80	80	0	0	0
Gwich'in	10	10	10	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	135	65	70	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	95	45	45	0	0	0
South Slavey	35	20	20	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages	8,845	4,255	4,595	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	35	10	25	0	0	0
Inuktitut	8,800	4,240	4,555	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Cayuga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	35	10	25	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	10	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	110	25	85	10	0	10
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lillooet	15	10	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	20	10	20	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	35	0	30	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	15	0	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	260	155	105	0	0	0
Dakota	20	10	10	0	0	0
Stoney	240	145	95	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	10	10	10	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	25	0	20	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nisga'a	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	30	15	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	250,485	132,990	117,490	100	60	40
Afro-Asiatic languages	7,380	4,530	2,850	0	0	0
Berber languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Kabyle	20	0	20	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	15	10	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	275	105	170	0	0	0
Bilen	10	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	45	25	20	0	0	0
Somali	220	80	145	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	7,065	4,420	2,650	0	0	0
Amharic	200	95	100	0	0	0
Arabic	5,585	3,695	1,890	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	205	155	55	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	30	20	15	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	825	335	490	0	0	0
Maltese	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	135	70	60	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	8,550	3,790	4,760	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	475	230	245	0	0	0
Vietnamese	8,070	3,560	4,510	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	3,850	1,750	2,095	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	75	20	55	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	25	0	15	0	0	0
Ilocano	110	50	60	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	140	75	65	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	3,450	1,580	1,875	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	40	25	15	0	0	0
Creole languages	350	125	225	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	25	10	15	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	315	110	200	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	2,225	1,060	1,165	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	90	50	45	0	0	0
Tamil	2,090	1,005	1,080	0	0	0
Telugu	45	10	35	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	85,550	47,305	38,245	80	45	40
Albanian	350	220	125	0	0	0
Armenian	450	220	230	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10,075	4,745	5,330	0	0	0
Baltic languages	95	35	60	0	0	0
Latvian	40	10	25	0	0	0
Lithuanian	60	25	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages	9,980	4,710	5,270	10	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	155	90	65	0	0	0
Bulgarian	205	110	90	0	0	0
Croatian	220	130	95	0	0	10
Czech	70	40	30	0	0	0
Macedonian	95	45	55	0	0	0
Polish	2,500	1,265	1,235	0	0	0
Russian	4,850	2,135	2,720	0	0	0
Serbian	530	320	210	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	30	25	0	0	0	0
Slovak	100	60	40	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,210	485	725	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	15	15	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	13,285	7,455	5,835	0	0	0
Afrikaans	85	40	40	0	0	0
Danish	90	50	35	0	0	0
Dutch	1,165	630	540	0	0	0
Frisian	40	25	15	0	0	0
German	10,065	5,715	4,345	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	65	30	40	0	0	0
Swedish	125	55	70	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	35	20	15	0	0	0
Yiddish	895	390	505	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	720	495	225	0	0	0
Greek	1,020	545	475	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	37,330	21,140	16,190	75	45	30
Indo-Aryan languages	32,485	18,125	14,360	75	45	35
Bengali	530	275	245	0	0	0
Gujarati	880	300	585	0	0	0
Hindi	1,405	755	650	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	10	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	15	15	0	0	0
Nepali	195	95	100	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	27,870	15,945	11,920	75	45	30
Sindhi	35	10	30	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	40	25	20	0	0	0
Urdu	1,495	705	790	0	0	0
Iranian languages	4,820	3,000	1,815	0	0	0
Kurdish	185	150	40	0	0	0
Pashto	50	20	25	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	4,580	2,830	1,750	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	23,025	12,965	10,060	10	0	0
Catalan	30	10	20	0	0	0
Italian	1,705	895	805	0	0	0
Portuguese	7,490	4,795	2,695	0	0	10
Romanian	745	365	380	0	0	0
Spanish	13,030	6,885	6,145	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	3,255	1,195	2,065	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Georgian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Korean	12,150	6,260	5,885	0	10	0
Mongolic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	235	120	115	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	25	10	20	0	0	0
Bamanankan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	20	10	10	0	0	0
Igbo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	0	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	25	0	15	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	80	50	30	0	0	0
Wolof	10	0	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	0	15	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	20	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	1,920	740	1,180	0	0	0
American Sign Language	1,145	340	810	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	135	15	115	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	640	390	255	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	122,880	65,030	57,850	10	10	0
Chinese languages	122,610	64,880	57,730	10	10	0
Cantonese	58,815	30,485	28,340	10	10	0
Hakka	70	25	45	0	0	0
Mandarin	60,090	32,430	27,665	10	0	0
Min Dong	25	15	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	565	335	225	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	105	65	45	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	2,930	1,530	1,405	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	270	155	115	0	0	0
Burmese	75	35	35	0	0	0
Karenic languages	135	75	55	0	0	0
Tibetan	50	30	20	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	675	270	405	0	0	0
Lao	150	70	80	0	0	0
Thai	525	205	325	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	750	475	275	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	30	20	0	0	0	0
Turkish	685	435	255	0	0	0
Uyghur	15	15	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	15	10	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	595	270	325	0	0	0
Estonian	50	15	40	0	0	0
Finnish	105	40	65	0	0	0
Hungarian	435	225	215	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	80	45	35	0	0	0
Multiple responses	590,270	300,115	290,155	115	60	60
English and French	412,680	211,095	201,585	30	10	20
English and non-official language	154,285	77,870	76,420	90	45	40
French and non-official language	7,830	3,595	4,235	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15,475	7,565	7,915	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	19,956,250	10,342,970	9,613,290	22,865	11,305	11,565
None	17,456,725	9,056,235	8,400,490	22,320	11,030	11,285
English	1,259,225	661,460	597,765	80	40	35
French	705,780	349,035	356,745	240	145	95
Non-official language	496,565	257,455	239,105	210	80	130
Aboriginal	37,615	17,215	20,400	35	10	25
Non-Aboriginal	458,945	240,245	218,710	175	70	105
English and French	2,535	1,200	1,335	0	0	0
English and non-official language	18,040	8,765	9,280	0	0	0
French and non-official language	17,265	8,730	8,540	20	10	10
English, French and non-official language	115	90	30	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	34,091,785	16,783,745	17,308,035	41,795	19,930	21,870
Non-movers	29,644,795	14,593,190	15,051,605	34,860	16,605	18,255
Movers	4,446,990	2,190,555	2,256,435	6,930	3,320	3,610
Non-migrants	2,623,515	1,292,750	1,330,760	3,395	1,650	1,740
Migrants	1,823,475	897,805	925,670	3,540	1,675	1,865
Internal migrants	1,451,005	713,060	737,945	3,365	1,625	1,745
Intraprovincial migrants	1,189,525	580,895	608,630	2,415	1,145	1,270
Interprovincial migrants	261,475	132,160	129,315	955	480	480
External migrants	372,475	184,745	187,730	175	50	125
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	32,568,560	16,004,315	16,564,245	40,575	19,300	21,280
Non-movers	20,134,760	9,902,645	10,232,115	23,100	10,990	12,115
Movers	12,433,805	6,101,675	6,332,130	17,475	8,310	9,165
Non-migrants	6,755,630	3,314,730	3,440,905	7,805	3,790	4,010
Migrants	5,678,175	2,786,945	2,891,230	9,670	4,515	5,150
Internal migrants	4,296,720	2,104,325	2,192,395	9,180	4,275	4,910
Intraprovincial migrants	3,467,670	1,689,950	1,777,720	6,665	3,085	3,580
Interprovincial migrants	829,045	414,375	414,670	2,515	1,190	1,330
External migrants	1,381,460	682,625	698,835	485	245	240