Census Profile, 2016 Census
Canada [Country] and Courtenay [Census agglomeration], British Columbia

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Canada [Country]			Courtenay British Columbia [Census agglomeration]
	Data quality , Canada [Country]  Map : Canada [Country] Change geography 1			Data quality : Courtenay [Census agglomeration], British Columbia  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	35,151,728	...	...	54,157	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	33,476,688	...	...	51,787r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	5.0	...	...	4.6	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	15,412,443	...	...	26,140	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	14,072,079	...	...	24,436	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	3.9	...	...	90.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	8,965,588.85	...	...	596.00	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	35,151,730	17,264,200	17,887,530	54,160	25,880	28,280
0 to 14 years	5,839,565	2,992,920	2,846,645	7,305	3,760	3,550
0 to 4 years	1,898,790	973,030	925,760	2,200	1,100	1,105
5 to 9 years	2,018,130	1,034,685	983,445	2,575	1,355	1,220
10 to 14 years	1,922,645	985,200	937,445	2,530	1,305	1,225
15 to 64 years	23,376,530	11,576,130	11,800,400	32,085	15,190	16,900
15 to 19 years	2,026,160	1,039,215	986,940	2,775	1,400	1,380
20 to 24 years	2,242,690	1,144,495	1,098,200	2,335	1,210	1,120
25 to 29 years	2,285,990	1,144,470	1,141,515	2,205	1,085	1,125
30 to 34 years	2,329,395	1,148,290	1,181,110	2,615	1,270	1,350
35 to 39 years	2,288,365	1,118,635	1,169,730	2,700	1,305	1,395
40 to 44 years	2,255,135	1,104,440	1,150,695	2,880	1,375	1,505
45 to 49 years	2,359,965	1,157,760	1,202,210	3,170	1,440	1,730
50 to 54 years	2,678,075	1,318,755	1,359,320	4,150	1,935	2,215
55 to 59 years	2,620,240	1,285,190	1,335,055	4,540	2,080	2,460
60 to 64 years	2,290,510	1,114,885	1,175,630	4,715	2,095	2,615
65 years and over	5,935,630	2,695,150	3,240,485	14,760	6,925	7,835
65 to 69 years	1,972,480	953,075	1,019,405	4,800	2,280	2,520
70 to 74 years	1,420,875	677,975	742,900	3,670	1,775	1,900
75 to 79 years	1,021,850	469,550	552,300	2,580	1,255	1,320
80 to 84 years	749,650	325,765	423,880	1,895	910	990
85 years and over	770,780	268,790	501,990	1,825	715	1,110
85 to 89 years	482,525	185,535	296,990	1,115	485	635
90 to 94 years	223,510	68,675	154,835	555	185	370
95 to 99 years	56,525	13,240	43,280	135	40	95
100 years and over	8,230	1,340	6,890	10	5	10
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.3	15.9	13.5	14.5	12.6
15 to 64 years	66.5	67.1	66.0	59.2	58.7	59.8
65 years and over	16.9	15.6	18.1	27.3	26.8	27.7
85 years and over	2.2	1.6	2.8	3.4	2.8	3.9
Average age of the population	41.0	40.1	41.9	47.3	46.3	48.2
Median age of the population	41.2	40.2	42.2	51.5	50.3	52.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	14,072,080	...	...	24,440	...	...
Single-detached house	7,541,495	...	...	15,905	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,391,040	...	...	45	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	4,949,795	...	...	7,550	...	...
Semi-detached house	698,800	...	...	2,440	...	...
Row house	891,305	...	...	1,455	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	784,300	...	...	540	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,539,390	...	...	3,095	...	...
Other single-attached house	36,005	...	...	20	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	189,755	...	...	940	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	14,072,080	...	...	24,435	...	...
1 person	3,969,790	...	...	7,465	...	...
2 persons	4,834,605	...	...	10,390	...	...
3 persons	2,140,640	...	...	3,085	...	...
4 persons	1,946,275	...	...	2,345	...	...
5 or more persons	1,180,770	...	...	1,145	...	...
Number of persons in private households	34,460,060	...	...	53,125	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	29,312,160	14,271,280	15,040,885	46,850	22,115	24,730
Married or living common law	16,893,720	8,452,135	8,441,585	28,310	14,075	14,235
Married	13,383,455	6,693,465	6,689,990	23,255	11,580	11,685
Living common law	3,510,265	1,758,670	1,751,590	5,050	2,500	2,550
Not married and not living common law	12,418,440	5,819,140	6,599,300	18,535	8,040	10,500
Never married	8,254,340	4,444,425	3,809,915	9,800	5,260	4,540
Separated	718,295	309,905	408,400	1,485	610	870
Divorced	1,816,005	725,535	1,090,470	3,975	1,450	2,525
Widowed	1,629,800	339,280	1,290,525	3,285	715	2,570
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	9,840,730	...	...	16,260	...	...
2 persons	5,007,790	...	...	10,475	...	...
3 persons	2,107,830	...	...	2,840	...	...
4 persons	1,909,935	...	...	2,150	...	...
5 or more persons	815,170	...	...	805	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	9,840,730	...	...	16,265	...	...
Total couple families	8,227,925	...	...	13,880	...	...
Married couples	6,474,005	...	...	11,355	...	...
Common-law couples	1,753,920	...	...	2,525	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,612,805	...	...	2,380	...	...
Female parent	1,262,340	...	...	1,875	...	...
Male parent	350,465	...	...	505	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	8,227,925	...	...	13,885	...	...
Couples without children	4,024,305	...	...	8,950	...	...
Couples with children	4,203,615	...	...	4,930	...	...
1 child	1,650,165	...	...	2,165	...	...
2 children	1,783,080	...	...	2,000	...	...
3 or more children	770,375	...	...	765	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,612,805	...	...	2,380	...	...
1 child	983,485	...	...	1,525	...	...
2 children	457,670	...	...	675	...	...
3 or more children	171,655	...	...	185	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	6,107,260	2,941,395	3,165,865	10,820	4,780	6,035
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	14,072,075	...	...	24,440	...	...
One-census-family households	9,218,225	...	...	15,725	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	3,782,095	...	...	8,685	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	5,436,135	...	...	7,035	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	301,715	...	...	265	...	...
Non-census-family households	4,552,135	...	...	8,445	...	...
One-person households	3,969,790	...	...	7,470	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	582,350	...	...	975	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,080	53,635	25,675	27,960
English only	23,757,525	11,838,075	11,919,455	48,275	23,230	25,040
French only	4,144,685	1,925,845	2,218,840	45	20	30
English and French	6,216,065	3,071,325	3,144,740	5,160	2,360	2,795
Neither English nor French	648,970	265,920	383,045	155	60	90
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085	53,635	25,675	27,960
English	26,007,500	12,852,330	13,155,165	52,120	24,920	27,200
French	7,705,755	3,780,105	3,925,650	1,305	665	640
English and French	417,485	209,130	208,355	70	35	35
Neither English nor French	636,515	259,600	376,910	145	60	85
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	7,914,495	3,884,670	4,029,825	1,340	680	660
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	22.8	22.7	22.8	2.5	2.6	2.4
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,085	53,635	25,675	27,960
Single responses	33,948,620	16,702,840	17,245,775	53,200	25,490	27,710
Official languages	26,627,555	13,201,620	13,425,940	49,570	23,885	25,680
English	19,460,850	9,680,125	9,780,725	48,195	23,200	24,995
French	7,166,705	3,521,495	3,645,215	1,370	685	685
Non-official languages	7,321,065	3,501,220	3,819,840	3,630	1,595	2,030
Aboriginal languages	195,700	94,795	100,900	25	5	15
Algonquian languages	130,450	62,930	67,520	10	0	5
Blackfoot	2,815	1,325	1,490	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	88,445	42,920	45,530	5	5	0
Atikamekw	6,150	3,135	3,015	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	10,230	4,885	5,350	0	0	0
Moose Cree	100	50	55	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,205	590	620	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	315	125	190	0	0	0
Plains Cree	3,065	1,360	1,710	5	0	0
Southern East Cree	45	20	25	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	1,440	585	850	0	0	0
Woods Cree	1,840	865	975	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	64,050	31,305	32,745	5	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	6,990	3,310	3,680	0	0	0
Malecite	305	140	160	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	6,690	3,170	3,520	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	32,150	15,350	16,800	0	5	0
Algonquin	1,260	590	670	0	0	0
Ojibway	17,890	8,440	9,450	5	0	0
Oji-Cree	12,855	6,260	6,595	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	150	65	85	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	45	25	20	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	17,365	8,325	9,045	0	0	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	17,315	8,310	9,010	0	0	5
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	110	55	60	0	0	0
Beaver	190	85	105	0	0	0
Carrier	1,025	465	565	0	0	0
Chilcotin	660	295	360	0	0	0
Dene	10,700	5,185	5,515	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	1,645	840	815	0	0	0
Gwich'in	260	110	145	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	80	25	50	0	0	0
Sekani	90	45	45	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	1,995	950	1,045	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	765	365	400	0	0	0
South Slavey	945	455	495	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	280	130	150	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	270	135	140	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	180	90	90	0	0	0
Tahltan	95	40	50	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	290	120	170	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	215	90	135	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	70	30	40	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	50	20	35	0	0	0
Haida	75	35	40	0	0	0
Inuit languages	36,545	18,100	18,445	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,025	445	575	0	0	0
Inuktitut	35,215	17,530	17,680	0	5	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	315	125	185	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	1,115	485	635	0	0	0
Cayuga	45	20	20	0	0	0
Mohawk	980	430	555	0	0	0
Oneida	55	20	40	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	35	15	20	0	0	0
Kutenai	105	55	55	0	0	0
Michif	465	230	235	0	0	0
Salish languages	2,305	1,130	1,180	5	5	0
Comox	80	45	40	5	0	0
Halkomelem	475	225	245	0	0	0
Lillooet	315	155	155	0	0	0
Okanagan	270	135	135	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	445	225	220	0	0	0
Squamish	40	20	20	0	0	0
Straits	80	40	40	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	335	150	185	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	255	135	125	5	5	0
Siouan languages	4,285	2,070	2,220	0	0	0
Dakota	1,215	570	635	0	0	0
Stoney	3,025	1,465	1,555	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	55	30	25	0	0	0
Tlingit	95	40	55	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	1,480	730	755	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	880	435	445	0	0	0
Nisga'a	400	200	200	0	0	0
Tsimshian	200	90	110	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	805	370	435	5	0	5
Haisla	90	40	50	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	95	40	55	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	325	145	185	5	0	5
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	285	135	140	0	0	5
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	585	295	295	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	7,125,365	3,406,425	3,718,945	3,605	1,590	2,015
Afro-Asiatic languages	575,365	298,060	277,300	25	10	15
Berber languages	22,135	11,865	10,270	0	0	0
Kabyle	13,150	6,995	6,155	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	8,985	4,865	4,115	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	42,885	20,095	22,790	0	0	0
Bilen	805	455	350	0	0	0
Oromo	4,960	2,560	2,400	0	0	0
Somali	36,755	16,895	19,865	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	365	195	170	0	0	0
Semitic languages	509,190	265,465	243,725	25	10	10
Amharic	22,465	10,720	11,745	5	5	5
Arabic	419,890	220,785	199,105	15	5	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	16,070	7,910	8,160	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5,545	2,780	2,770	0	0	0
Harari	1,320	635	685	0	0	0
Hebrew	19,530	10,480	9,045	5	5	0
Maltese	5,565	2,765	2,800	0	0	0
Tigrigna	16,650	8,310	8,340	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	2,155	1,085	1,070	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	1,155	635	520	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	176,725	81,810	94,920	160	80	75
Khmer (Cambodian)	20,130	9,270	10,860	0	0	0
Vietnamese	156,425	72,470	83,955	160	80	80
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	170	65	100	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	511,480	211,580	299,900	225	60	165
Bikol	1,790	790	1,000	0	0	0
Cebuano	19,890	7,930	11,960	30	5	25
Fijian	745	400	345	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	6,885	2,680	4,205	5	0	5
Ilocano	26,345	10,620	15,720	5	0	5
Malagasy	1,430	665	760	0	0	0
Malay	12,275	5,255	7,020	5	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	4,040	1,865	2,175	5	5	0
Pangasinan	1,390	590	800	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	431,380	178,575	252,810	165	50	120
Waray-Waray	1,110	430	675	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	4,195	1,770	2,425	0	0	5
Creole languages	72,125	32,310	39,820	5	0	5
Haitian Creole	3,030	1,445	1,590	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	64,105	28,455	35,660	5	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	4,985	2,410	2,575	5	0	0
Dravidian languages	189,405	94,765	94,640	10	5	5
Kannada	3,970	2,040	1,935	0	0	0
Malayalam	28,570	14,770	13,800	0	5	0
Tamil	140,720	69,080	71,640	10	5	5
Telugu	15,655	8,640	7,020	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	490	240	250	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	795	395	405	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,877,330	1,889,400	1,987,930	2,335	1,065	1,265
Albanian	26,890	13,610	13,285	5	5	0
Armenian	33,455	16,270	17,185	5	5	0
Balto-Slavic languages	701,975	323,640	378,340	385	160	230
Baltic languages	12,530	5,315	7,215	5	5	0
Latvian	5,455	2,350	3,105	5	5	0
Lithuanian	7,075	2,965	4,115	5	0	0
Slavic languages	689,450	318,325	371,115	375	155	225
Belarusan	810	385	430	5	0	0
Bosnian	12,210	6,035	6,180	5	0	5
Bulgarian	20,025	9,675	10,345	10	5	0
Croatian	48,200	23,540	24,665	20	5	15
Czech	22,290	10,525	11,765	50	25	25
Macedonian	16,775	8,050	8,725	5	0	0
Polish	181,710	82,435	99,275	95	45	50
Russian	188,255	85,400	102,855	55	15	35
Serbian	57,350	28,535	28,815	5	5	0
Serbo-Croatian	9,555	4,565	4,985	5	5	5
Slovak	17,580	8,075	9,510	15	5	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	9,790	4,415	5,370	5	0	5
Ukrainian	102,485	45,440	57,040	100	35	70
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	2,415	1,255	1,165	0	0	5
Celtic languages	2,690	1,335	1,360	10	5	5
Scottish Gaelic	1,090	540	550	5	0	0
Welsh	1,075	495	575	5	5	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	530	295	235	0	0	0
Germanic languages	538,765	258,410	280,350	1,355	600	755
Afrikaans	10,265	5,115	5,145	55	25	30
Danish	12,630	6,245	6,390	85	40	40
Dutch	99,020	48,200	50,820	310	145	165
Frisian	2,100	1,095	1,005	5	5	0
German	384,035	183,215	200,820	830	355	475
Icelandic	1,285	600	685	5	0	0
Norwegian	4,615	2,170	2,445	25	20	10
Swedish	6,840	3,015	3,825	40	10	30
Vlaams (Flemish)	3,895	1,730	2,165	5	0	5
Yiddish	13,555	6,750	6,800	5	5	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	525	280	240	0	0	0
Greek	106,525	53,350	53,170	20	15	5
Indo-Iranian languages	1,312,750	664,120	648,630	190	110	80
Indo-Aryan languages	1,064,760	538,530	526,235	160	95	65
Bengali	73,125	37,410	35,720	0	0	0
Gujarati	108,780	55,105	53,670	20	10	10
Hindi	110,640	55,880	54,765	35	20	10
Kashmiri	565	300	265	5	0	0
Konkani	3,330	1,625	1,710	0	0	0
Marathi	8,295	4,300	3,995	5	5	0
Nepali	18,275	9,230	9,045	5	0	5
Oriya (Odia)	1,055	560	495	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	501,680	253,515	248,160	80	50	30
Sindhi	11,860	5,605	6,260	5	5	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	16,335	8,050	8,285	5	5	0
Urdu	210,815	106,960	103,860	10	5	5
Iranian languages	242,805	122,835	119,970	30	20	15
Kurdish	11,705	6,345	5,355	5	0	0
Pashto	16,910	8,760	8,145	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	214,200	107,725	106,470	25	15	15
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5,180	2,755	2,425	5	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,154,270	558,660	595,615	355	165	190
Catalan	865	440	425	0	0	0
Italian	375,635	184,415	191,220	95	50	45
Portuguese	221,540	106,630	114,910	55	25	30
Romanian	96,665	46,195	50,470	15	10	10
Spanish	458,850	220,605	238,245	190	75	110
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	720	380	340	0	0	0
Japanese	43,640	14,790	28,855	100	30	70
Kartvelian languages	1,715	910	805	0	0	0
Georgian	1,715	910	805	0	0	0
Korean	153,425	70,310	83,115	150	70	85
Mongolic languages	1,575	690	885	5	0	0
Mongolian	1,575	690	880	5	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	91,375	45,075	46,305	25	15	10
Akan (Twi)	13,455	6,490	6,970	0	0	0
Bamanankan	1,535	815	720	0	0	0
Edo	1,670	770	900	0	0	0
Ewe	1,760	950	805	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	2,825	1,495	1,335	0	0	0
Ga	920	445	470	5	5	0
Ganda	1,295	625	665	0	0	0
Igbo	4,235	2,265	1,970	5	5	0
Lingala	3,810	1,785	2,025	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5,845	2,785	3,060	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5,250	2,355	2,895	0	0	0
Shona	3,180	1,520	1,665	5	0	0
Swahili	13,370	6,385	6,990	0	5	5
Wolof	3,990	2,170	1,820	0	0	0
Yoruba	9,085	4,785	4,300	10	5	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	19,135	9,435	9,695	5	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5,870	3,025	2,845	0	0	0
Dinka	2,120	1,115	1,000	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	3,755	1,910	1,840	0	0	0
Sign languages	7,500	3,925	3,575	15	5	10
American Sign Language	2,685	1,320	1,360	5	5	0
Quebec Sign Language	695	340	355	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	4,120	2,265	1,860	5	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,269,215	589,570	679,645	380	165	215
Chinese languages	1,253,360	581,650	671,715	375	160	215
Cantonese	565,270	262,865	302,405	195	80	115
Hakka	10,910	4,900	6,015	5	5	5
Mandarin	592,040	274,630	317,410	135	60	80
Min Dong	1,230	580	650	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	31,795	14,450	17,350	15	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	12,915	5,780	7,140	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	38,580	18,165	20,410	20	15	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	610	275	335	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	15,850	7,925	7,935	0	0	0
Burmese	3,585	1,795	1,790	0	0	0
Karenic languages	4,705	2,355	2,350	0	0	0
Tibetan	6,165	3,080	3,080	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	1,400	695	705	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	22,010	8,870	13,145	35	10	20
Lao	12,670	6,145	6,525	5	0	5
Thai	9,255	2,690	6,565	30	10	20
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	80	35	55	0	0	0
Turkic languages	40,140	21,120	19,025	15	5	5
Azerbaijani	3,260	1,785	1,470	0	0	5
Turkish	32,815	17,375	15,440	10	10	5
Uyghur	1,035	510	525	0	0	0
Uzbek	1,715	855	865	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	1,315	590	720	0	0	0
Uralic languages	81,985	37,790	44,195	120	55	70
Estonian	5,445	2,325	3,115	10	5	5
Finnish	15,295	6,395	8,900	65	25	40
Hungarian	61,235	29,060	32,175	50	25	20
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	3,690	2,045	1,645	5	0	0
Multiple responses	818,635	398,325	420,305	440	190	250
English and French	165,320	80,460	84,860	160	70	90
English and non-official language	533,265	259,160	274,100	265	115	150
French and non-official language	86,150	42,170	43,985	15	5	5
English, French and non-official language	33,900	16,535	17,365	5	0	5
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085	53,635	25,680	27,960
Single responses	33,103,860	16,298,475	16,805,395	53,050	25,435	27,615
Official languages	29,106,670	14,383,020	14,723,645	52,030	24,965	27,065
English	22,162,865	10,966,135	11,196,730	51,580	24,740	26,840
French	6,943,800	3,416,890	3,526,910	450	225	225
Non-official languages	3,997,195	1,915,450	2,081,750	1,020	470	550
Aboriginal languages	118,470	59,720	58,750	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	75,080	37,825	37,260	0	0	0
Blackfoot	1,115	555	555	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	55,825	28,135	27,685	0	0	0
Atikamekw	5,465	2,825	2,640	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	8,590	4,195	4,395	0	0	0
Moose Cree	10	5	5	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,200	595	605	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	110	55	60	0	0	0
Plains Cree	1,350	665	685	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	20	5	15	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	330	140	190	0	0	0
Woods Cree	800	410	390	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	37,945	19,240	18,710	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	3,615	1,795	1,820	0	0	0
Malecite	55	30	30	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	3,560	1,770	1,795	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	14,525	7,335	7,190	0	0	0
Algonquin	370	170	200	0	0	0
Ojibway	6,175	3,165	3,015	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	7,900	3,960	3,940	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	75	40	35	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10,265	5,125	5,135	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10,255	5,120	5,135	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Beaver	50	30	20	0	0	0
Carrier	245	115	130	0	0	0
Chilcotin	255	125	130	0	0	0
Dene	7,710	3,805	3,905	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	1,020	550	475	0	0	0
Gwich'in	45	25	25	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sekani	15	10	5	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	820	425	395	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	340	180	155	0	0	0
South Slavey	370	190	185	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	105	55	55	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	25	10	10	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	5	5	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	25	15	10	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	10	0	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Haida	10	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	29,490	14,995	14,495	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	165	75	90	0	0	0
Inuktitut	29,230	14,885	14,345	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	90	40	55	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	285	135	155	0	0	0
Cayuga	10	0	5	0	0	0
Mohawk	255	115	140	0	0	0
Oneida	15	5	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kutenai	15	10	5	0	0	0
Michif	85	40	45	0	0	0
Salish languages	285	130	150	5	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	45	20	25	0	0	0
Lillooet	25	15	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	85	35	45	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	55	30	20	0	0	0
Squamish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Straits	20	10	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	5	0	0
Siouan languages	2,225	1,085	1,140	0	0	0
Dakota	255	140	120	0	0	0
Stoney	1,950	940	1,010	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Tlingit	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	410	210	190	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	315	155	155	0	0	0
Nisga'a	70	40	30	0	0	0
Tsimshian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	75	45	35	0	0	0
Haisla	20	10	15	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	235	110	125	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,878,725	1,855,730	2,022,995	1,020	470	550
Afro-Asiatic languages	307,755	153,275	154,480	10	5	10
Berber languages	8,105	4,215	3,895	0	0	0
Kabyle	5,490	2,855	2,640	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	2,620	1,365	1,260	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	27,095	12,455	14,640	0	0	0
Bilen	620	330	285	0	0	0
Oromo	3,410	1,700	1,710	0	0	0
Somali	22,895	10,340	12,555	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	185	85	95	0	0	0
Semitic languages	272,100	136,390	135,720	15	5	10
Amharic	12,780	6,010	6,770	5	5	5
Arabic	223,540	112,690	110,850	5	0	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10,510	5,090	5,425	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	3,445	1,695	1,750	0	0	0
Harari	735	335	400	0	0	0
Hebrew	8,560	4,425	4,135	0	0	0
Maltese	1,130	525	605	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10,205	5,040	5,170	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	1,200	585	620	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	440	215	230	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	115,210	53,500	61,710	120	60	65
Khmer (Cambodian)	10,880	4,940	5,945	0	0	0
Vietnamese	104,245	48,525	55,725	120	60	60
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	85	40	45	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	239,785	108,110	131,680	75	25	55
Bikol	290	140	155	0	0	0
Cebuano	7,210	3,325	3,880	10	5	5
Fijian	195	105	90	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	2,205	970	1,240	0	0	5
Ilocano	9,125	4,045	5,080	0	0	0
Malagasy	435	220	210	0	0	0
Malay	3,620	1,710	1,910	5	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,200	565	630	0	0	0
Pangasinan	240	110	135	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	213,790	96,235	117,555	70	25	45
Waray-Waray	310	135	170	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,160	545	620	0	0	0
Creole languages	27,860	12,005	15,850	5	0	0
Haitian Creole	1,280	575	705	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	24,575	10,510	14,060	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	2,005	920	1,085	5	0	5
Dravidian languages	122,490	59,780	62,710	0	0	0
Kannada	1,630	825	800	0	0	0
Malayalam	15,440	7,865	7,575	0	0	0
Tamil	96,955	46,570	50,385	0	0	0
Telugu	8,280	4,430	3,850	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	190	85	105	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	340	160	180	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,911,215	927,225	983,985	385	180	205
Albanian	13,135	6,575	6,560	0	0	0
Armenian	21,505	10,165	11,345	5	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	314,965	149,315	165,650	65	30	35
Baltic languages	3,275	1,400	1,870	0	0	0
Latvian	1,255	530	725	0	0	0
Lithuanian	2,020	870	1,150	0	0	0
Slavic languages	311,690	147,910	163,780	65	30	30
Belarusan	230	105	120	0	0	0
Bosnian	6,045	3,010	3,040	0	0	0
Bulgarian	11,985	5,835	6,150	10	10	0
Croatian	16,775	7,980	8,795	5	0	0
Czech	6,235	3,060	3,180	20	5	10
Macedonian	6,830	3,250	3,580	0	0	0
Polish	74,780	34,910	39,870	15	10	5
Russian	116,595	55,175	61,425	15	5	10
Serbian	31,750	15,665	16,085	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	3,885	1,865	2,020	0	0	0
Slovak	5,615	2,685	2,920	0	5	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	2,050	905	1,145	0	0	0
Ukrainian	28,250	13,150	15,100	5	5	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	670	310	360	0	0	0
Celtic languages	360	205	155	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	185	105	80	0	0	0
Welsh	95	50	45	5	0	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	80	50	30	0	0	0
Germanic languages	146,455	71,835	74,615	150	70	80
Afrikaans	4,790	2,355	2,435	35	20	15
Danish	855	410	445	0	5	5
Dutch	9,565	4,630	4,935	20	10	10
Frisian	185	95	90	0	0	0
German	120,335	58,905	61,435	90	40	45
Icelandic	270	120	150	0	0	0
Norwegian	345	145	200	0	0	0
Swedish	1,045	500	545	5	0	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	355	170	185	0	0	0
Yiddish	7,080	3,695	3,385	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	1,625	820	810	0	0	0
Greek	44,545	21,110	23,440	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	838,755	416,960	421,795	85	50	40
Indo-Aryan languages	676,185	337,440	338,745	75	45	30
Bengali	47,350	23,585	23,765	0	0	0
Gujarati	64,150	31,740	32,405	10	5	5
Hindi	55,510	27,805	27,710	10	10	5
Kashmiri	135	70	70	0	0	0
Konkani	720	355	370	0	0	0
Marathi	3,780	1,940	1,840	0	0	0
Nepali	13,375	6,710	6,670	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	470	235	240	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	349,145	174,905	174,240	40	20	20
Sindhi	4,975	2,280	2,695	5	5	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	7,790	3,860	3,925	0	0	0
Urdu	128,785	63,965	64,820	5	5	5
Iranian languages	160,195	78,310	81,880	10	0	10
Kurdish	6,580	3,400	3,175	5	0	0
Pashto	10,590	5,305	5,290	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	143,020	69,600	73,425	10	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	2,375	1,215	1,160	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	531,485	251,050	280,440	80	35	45
Catalan	355	165	190	0	0	0
Italian	115,415	49,975	65,440	10	0	10
Portuguese	98,710	46,915	51,795	10	5	10
Romanian	53,320	25,795	27,525	5	0	0
Spanish	263,510	128,110	135,400	55	20	35
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	180	85	95	0	0	0
Japanese	19,785	8,265	11,515	35	10	20
Kartvelian languages	1,040	565	475	0	0	0
Georgian	1,035	565	475	0	0	0
Korean	109,705	51,385	58,320	130	65	65
Mongolic languages	910	440	470	5	5	0
Mongolian	910	435	470	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	28,665	13,340	15,320	5	5	5
Akan (Twi)	5,990	2,695	3,295	0	0	0
Bamanankan	340	180	160	0	0	0
Edo	415	175	240	0	0	0
Ewe	410	185	225	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	825	400	425	0	0	0
Ga	250	105	140	0	0	0
Ganda	345	160	185	0	0	0
Igbo	1,000	485	510	5	0	0
Lingala	1,045	455	590	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	2,110	990	1,115	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	1,530	670	865	0	0	0
Shona	1,035	475	560	0	0	0
Swahili	5,370	2,500	2,870	0	0	0
Wolof	1,380	745	635	0	0	0
Yoruba	2,615	1,275	1,340	5	5	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	4,010	1,850	2,160	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	2,650	1,305	1,350	0	0	0
Dinka	1,130	580	550	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	1,525	730	800	0	0	0
Sign languages	10,445	5,870	4,570	15	5	5
American Sign Language	3,015	1,560	1,460	5	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	730	375	355	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	6,690	3,935	2,755	10	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	924,720	433,530	491,190	210	90	115
Chinese languages	913,365	427,860	485,505	210	90	115
Cantonese	400,215	184,340	215,885	100	45	55
Hakka	4,080	1,820	2,265	0	0	0
Mandarin	462,890	220,075	242,815	100	40	60
Min Dong	345	150	195	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	13,965	6,345	7,625	0	5	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	7,650	3,580	4,075	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	23,935	11,440	12,500	10	5	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	280	130	150	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	11,350	5,670	5,680	0	0	0
Burmese	2,245	1,115	1,125	0	0	0
Karenic languages	3,865	1,935	1,930	0	0	0
Tibetan	4,590	2,305	2,280	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	655	305	345	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	9,565	4,455	5,110	5	5	5
Lao	6,175	2,995	3,180	0	5	0
Thai	3,360	1,450	1,915	5	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	30	15	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages	22,250	11,205	11,045	5	0	5
Azerbaijani	1,245	640	610	0	0	0
Turkish	18,955	9,525	9,430	5	0	5
Uyghur	610	315	290	0	0	0
Uzbek	990	505	490	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	455	230	225	0	0	0
Uralic languages	23,245	10,715	12,535	15	5	5
Estonian	975	365	610	5	0	0
Finnish	2,790	1,220	1,565	15	5	10
Hungarian	19,485	9,125	10,355	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	1,110	605	500	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,663,390	802,695	860,690	585	240	340
English and French	160,185	77,940	82,235	100	45	55
English and non-official language	1,284,975	620,375	664,600	470	190	285
French and non-official language	148,915	70,915	78,000	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language	69,315	33,465	35,850	10	5	5
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	34,767,255	17,101,165	17,666,080	53,635	25,675	27,960
None	29,615,245	14,612,175	15,003,065	50,655	24,345	26,310
English	2,109,340	1,045,215	1,064,120	660	315	345
French	731,095	342,245	388,855	880	385	490
Non-official language	2,151,690	1,023,940	1,127,750	1,395	610	785
Aboriginal	90,740	42,890	47,850	20	5	15
Non-Aboriginal	2,060,945	981,055	1,079,895	1,370	600	775
English and French	47,970	23,785	24,190	0	0	5
English and non-official language	61,075	30,045	31,030	10	5	10
French and non-official language	48,755	22,690	26,065	30	15	20
English, French and non-official language	2,080	1,075	1,010	5	5	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,355	45,830	21,720	24,105
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,190	44,470	21,100	23,370
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,204	40,782	28,860	32,732	41,978	26,507
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175	44,540	21,135	23,410
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,866	35,933	26,621	29,441	36,976	24,578
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	24,583,315	12,296,595	12,286,725	40,595	19,630	20,970
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,762	39,925	26,613	27,849	36,080	21,471
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	19,743,240	8,755,815	10,987,430	33,555	14,650	18,905
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,453	4,199	6,136	9,074	10,608	8,286
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	20,428,685	10,547,760	9,880,925	31,095	15,700	15,400
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,684	39,836	28,474	23,483	28,275	20,235
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	45,840	21,750	24,095
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,489,395	13,441,555	14,047,845	44,600	21,205	23,395
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,487	56,740	38,632	41,668	50,581	33,591
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,500,230	13,446,230	14,053,995	44,685	21,230	23,455
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,977	45,404	32,828	35,620	42,406	29,478
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	24,584,065	12,295,015	12,289,055	40,760	19,760	21,005
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,885	56,803	36,962	38,031	47,007	29,589
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	19,742,130	8,752,070	10,990,060	33,665	14,815	18,850
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,738	7,345	8,050	9,158	9,710	8,724
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	20,428,670	10,542,540	9,886,130	31,085	15,700	15,385
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,057	54,369	37,193	34,126	40,152	27,976
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	45,840	21,745	24,095
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	9,367,045	5,231,015	4,136,035	10,215	5,560	4,655
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	53,431	59,326	47,420	48,463	56,495	42,598
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	65,997	74,289	55,510	54,855	61,028	47,477
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	88.3	91.6	83.7	83.6	86.9	78.8
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	72.0	75.2	67.7	57.2	59.8	53.5
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	11.7	8.4	16.3	16.4	13.0	21.2
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360	45,825	21,720	24,110
Without total income	1,154,450	546,285	608,165	1,355	615	740
With total income	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,195	44,470	21,105	23,370
Percentage with total income	96.0	96.1	95.8	97.0	97.2	96.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,877,620	1,668,960	2,208,655	5,525	2,115	3,410
$10,000 to $19,999	4,680,380	1,867,600	2,812,785	8,195	2,835	5,360
$20,000 to $29,999	3,807,840	1,593,335	2,214,505	6,880	2,615	4,265
$30,000 to $39,999	3,206,175	1,472,670	1,733,510	5,890	2,515	3,380
$40,000 to $49,999	2,827,045	1,376,565	1,450,480	4,760	2,395	2,360
$50,000 to $59,999	2,179,775	1,145,685	1,034,090	3,565	2,050	1,520
$60,000 to $69,999	1,655,070	938,755	716,310	2,780	1,810	970
$70,000 to $79,999	1,271,850	745,830	526,015	2,035	1,320	720
$80,000 to $89,999	966,885	579,290	387,590	1,415	915	505
$90,000 to $99,999	749,290	452,240	297,050	925	625	305
$100,000 and over	2,266,600	1,603,400	663,195	2,495	1,910	585
$100,000 to $149,999	1,493,570	1,024,210	469,365	1,750	1,330	425
$150,000 and over	773,025	579,190	193,830	740	585	160
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360	45,825	21,720	24,110
Without after-tax income	1,143,795	541,620	602,175	1,290	590	700
With after-tax income	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175	44,540	21,135	23,405
Percentage with after-tax income	96.0	96.1	95.9	97.2	97.3	97.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,004,475	1,706,825	2,297,645	5,940	2,255	3,690
$10,000 to $19,999	4,905,055	1,972,920	2,932,130	8,605	3,070	5,535
$20,000 to $29,999	4,489,925	1,926,175	2,563,755	8,125	3,190	4,940
$30,000 to $39,999	3,924,960	1,870,705	2,054,250	6,585	2,980	3,605
$40,000 to $49,999	3,144,200	1,619,670	1,524,525	5,040	2,750	2,295
$50,000 to $59,999	2,209,280	1,245,570	963,705	3,595	2,285	1,305
$60,000 to $69,999	1,540,300	912,230	628,065	2,450	1,590	860
$70,000 to $79,999	1,076,180	654,570	421,610	1,505	1,015	490
$80,000 and over	2,204,820	1,540,335	664,485	2,690	2,005	680
$80,000 to $89,999	688,705	444,550	244,145	920	655	270
$90,000 to $99,999	420,975	291,090	129,885	580	440	140
$100,000 and over	1,095,140	804,690	290,445	1,180	910	270
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	28,642,980	13,990,625	14,652,360	45,830	21,720	24,110
Without employment income	8,214,295	3,442,860	4,771,430	14,730	6,020	8,710
With employment income	20,428,690	10,547,760	9,880,925	31,100	15,700	15,400
Percentage with employment income	71.3	75.4	67.4	67.9	72.3	63.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,778,990	1,357,430	1,421,560	7,465	3,830	3,635
$5,000 to $9,999	1,602,140	697,025	905,120	2,530	995	1,535
$10,000 to $19,999	2,736,010	1,212,855	1,523,155	4,245	1,770	2,470
$20,000 to $29,999	2,293,785	1,022,090	1,271,695	3,610	1,470	2,135
$30,000 to $39,999	2,149,860	1,001,065	1,148,795	2,955	1,245	1,710
$40,000 to $49,999	1,928,565	946,625	981,940	2,350	1,090	1,260
$50,000 to $59,999	1,554,100	839,045	715,055	1,975	1,095	875
$60,000 to $69,999	1,220,310	708,270	512,040	1,595	1,050	550
$70,000 to $79,999	992,170	591,945	400,225	1,280	810	465
$80,000 and over	3,172,770	2,171,415	1,001,355	3,105	2,345	760
$80,000 to $89,999	773,755	475,700	298,055	910	610	305
$90,000 to $99,999	623,980	382,330	241,650	585	430	165
$100,000 and over	1,775,030	1,313,385	461,645	1,605	1,310	290
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	14,072,080	...	...	24,435	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	70,336	...	...	62,376	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	61,348	...	...	55,358	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	3,969,790	...	...	7,470	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,174	...	...	33,703	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,446	...	...	30,315	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	10,102,290	...	...	16,970	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	88,249	...	...	78,167	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	76,419	...	...	69,013	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	14,072,075	...	...	24,440	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	92,764	...	...	76,050	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	76,171	...	...	65,135	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	3,967,765	...	...	7,480	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	46,799	...	...	42,561	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,685	...	...	36,584	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	10,104,315	...	...	16,955	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	110,813	...	...	90,827	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	90,890	...	...	77,732	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	14,072,075	...	...	24,440	...	...
Under $5,000	228,790	...	...	290	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	200,315	...	...	280	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	374,575	...	...	775	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	565,940	...	...	1,065	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	602,800	...	...	1,170	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	538,710	...	...	1,110	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	603,480	...	...	1,230	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	606,600	...	...	1,315	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	596,110	...	...	1,105	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	578,325	...	...	1,160	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,097,345	...	...	2,195	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,010,415	...	...	2,080	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	924,320	...	...	1,825	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	836,765	...	...	1,620	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	745,655	...	...	1,235	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,561,920	...	...	5,985	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,470,255	...	...	2,400	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,016,245	...	...	1,455	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,116,140	...	...	1,310	...	...
$200,000 and over	959,285	...	...	820	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	14,072,075	...	...	24,435	...	...
Under $5,000	243,780	...	...	315	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	203,865	...	...	285	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	380,680	...	...	790	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	591,660	...	...	1,115	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	673,740	...	...	1,340	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	628,225	...	...	1,370	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	719,825	...	...	1,485	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	725,675	...	...	1,405	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	711,180	...	...	1,330	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	691,695	...	...	1,365	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,299,680	...	...	2,590	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,169,515	...	...	2,245	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,041,635	...	...	1,900	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	900,055	...	...	1,575	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	757,295	...	...	1,220	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,333,575	...	...	4,110	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,371,945	...	...	2,020	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	809,540	...	...	980	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,152,090	...	...	1,105	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	9,688,845	...	...	16,145	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	88,306	...	...	78,509	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,372	...	...	69,149	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	3,706,220	...	...	8,530	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,976	...	...	74,631	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,309	...	...	65,933	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	4,222,140	...	...	4,990	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	113,465	...	...	103,765	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,608	...	...	90,067	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,481,410	...	...	2,260	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,193	...	...	44,237	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,856	...	...	41,100	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	9,689,855	...	...	16,100	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	111,235	...	...	91,228	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	91,040	...	...	77,913	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	3,706,400	...	...	8,515	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	101,086	...	...	85,751	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,296	...	...	73,172	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	4,225,855	...	...	5,025	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	137,094	...	...	116,214	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	111,307	...	...	98,422	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,477,190	...	...	2,195	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	65,549	...	...	54,516	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,687	...	...	48,417	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	5,313,545	2,608,845	2,704,705	9,965	4,450	5,520
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	31,890	34,483	29,801	30,458	32,411	29,226
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	28,959	30,746	27,495	27,648	28,934	26,877
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	5,299,050	2,596,985	2,702,070	10,015	4,390	5,625
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	42,939	46,085	39,915	38,918	42,655	36,004
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	35,801	37,724	33,952	33,689	36,203	31,728
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	34,460,065	16,971,550	17,488,515	53,125	25,475	27,650
In the bottom half of the distribution	17,229,835	8,256,970	8,972,865	28,615	13,120	15,495
In the bottom decile	3,445,950	1,672,900	1,773,050	5,855	2,735	3,120
In the second decile	3,445,660	1,564,965	1,880,700	5,845	2,535	3,315
In the third decile	3,446,165	1,641,930	1,804,235	5,170	2,340	2,830
In the fourth decile	3,445,850	1,677,120	1,768,730	5,750	2,645	3,105
In the fifth decile	3,446,210	1,700,060	1,746,150	5,990	2,865	3,125
In the top half of the distribution	17,230,230	8,714,580	8,515,650	24,510	12,355	12,155
In the sixth decile	3,445,695	1,716,510	1,729,185	5,740	2,770	2,965
In the seventh decile	3,446,470	1,730,975	1,715,500	5,540	2,825	2,715
In the eighth decile	3,445,940	1,741,640	1,704,300	5,265	2,650	2,610
In the ninth decile	3,446,045	1,751,850	1,694,195	4,455	2,275	2,180
In the top decile	3,446,080	1,773,600	1,672,475	3,520	1,830	1,685
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	33,968,295	16,724,265	17,244,035	52,900	25,365	27,545
0 to 17 years	6,836,380	3,504,250	3,332,125	8,915	4,545	4,370
0 to 5 years	2,228,770	1,142,505	1,086,270	2,685	1,370	1,325
18 to 64 years	21,695,090	10,690,090	11,005,005	30,075	14,175	15,900
65 years and over	5,436,830	2,529,930	2,906,905	13,910	6,640	7,275
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	4,809,940	2,243,200	2,566,740	8,205	3,635	4,570
0 to 17 years	1,163,830	597,570	566,255	1,960	1,010	945
0 to 5 years	396,095	203,055	193,030	680	345	340
18 to 64 years	2,855,290	1,341,590	1,513,700	4,630	2,005	2,625
65 years and over	790,825	304,040	486,780	1,615	615	1,000
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.2	13.4	14.9	15.5	14.3	16.6
0 to 17 years (%)	17.0	17.1	17.0	22.0	22.2	21.6
0 to 5 years (%)	17.8	17.8	17.8	25.3	25.2	25.7
18 to 64 years (%)	13.2	12.5	13.8	15.4	14.1	16.5
65 years and over (%)	14.5	12.0	16.7	11.6	9.3	13.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	3,128,995	1,519,370	1,609,630	4,225	2,000	2,230
0 to 17 years	696,025	357,255	338,770	960	490	470
0 to 5 years	236,435	121,170	115,260	350	180	170
18 to 64 years	2,157,745	1,057,585	1,100,160	2,980	1,390	1,590
65 years and over	275,225	104,525	170,695	285	120	165
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	9.2	9.1	9.3	8.0	7.9	8.1
0 to 17 years (%)	10.2	10.2	10.2	10.8	10.8	10.8
0 to 5 years (%)	10.6	10.6	10.6	13.0	13.1	12.8
18 to 64 years (%)	9.9	9.9	10.0	9.9	9.8	10.0
65 years and over (%)	5.1	4.1	5.9	2.0	1.8	2.3
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	53,125	25,490	27,630
Official languages	33,818,210	16,709,290	17,108,920	52,990	25,430	27,560
English	29,748,265	14,806,270	14,941,995	52,945	25,405	27,540
French	10,242,945	4,952,455	5,290,495	5,225	2,400	2,820
Non-official languages	9,369,280	4,488,185	4,881,090	5,540	2,530	3,015
Aboriginal languages	263,845	127,550	136,295	65	20	45
Algonquian languages	177,570	85,505	92,065	20	10	10
Blackfoot	5,645	2,695	2,950	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	116,585	56,515	60,070	15	10	10
Atikamekw	6,640	3,335	3,305	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	11,440	5,500	5,945	0	0	0
Moose Cree	195	80	115	0	0	0
Naskapi	1,465	710	755	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	545	225	320	0	0	0
Plains Cree	5,905	2,705	3,200	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	40	30	10	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	2,345	995	1,350	0	0	10
Woods Cree	2,665	1,230	1,435	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	86,115	42,080	44,035	10	10	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	9,765	4,710	5,050	0	0	0
Malecite	755	370	390	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	9,025	4,350	4,670	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	46,685	22,100	24,585	0	0	10
Algonquin	2,480	1,165	1,315	0	0	0
Ojibway	28,585	13,365	15,220	0	0	10
Oji-Cree	15,610	7,575	8,030	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	205	105	105	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	120	60	60	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	23,655	11,340	12,320	10	0	10
Northern Athabaskan languages	23,570	11,300	12,265	0	0	10
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	210	105	100	0	0	0
Beaver	340	180	165	0	0	0
Carrier	2,105	955	1,145	10	0	0
Chilcotin	1,150	535	610	0	0	0
Dene	13,060	6,270	6,790	10	0	10
Dogrib (Tlicho)	2,375	1,210	1,165	0	0	0
Gwich'in	360	165	200	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	150	60	90	0	0	0
Sekani	185	85	100	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	2,815	1,340	1,475	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	1,010	475	530	0	0	0
South Slavey	1,365	660	710	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	680	320	360	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	630	340	285	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	365	205	170	0	0	0
Tahltan	270	140	130	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	420	160	260	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	285	115	170	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	145	50	95	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	85	35	50	0	0	0
Haida	465	205	260	0	0	0
Inuit languages	42,980	21,355	21,630	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,975	895	1,080	0	0	0
Inuktitut	40,620	20,280	20,340	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	470	225	240	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	2,800	1,240	1,555	0	0	0
Cayuga	125	40	85	0	0	0
Mohawk	2,415	1,120	1,295	0	0	0
Oneida	180	60	125	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	115	45	75	0	0	0
Kutenai	175	95	80	0	0	0
Michif	1,210	585	625	0	0	0
Salish languages	5,750	2,730	3,015	15	10	10
Comox	185	75	110	0	0	0
Halkomelem	1,060	475	585	0	0	0
Lillooet	790	405	385	0	0	0
Okanagan	820	370	450	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	1,305	640	665	0	0	0
Squamish	285	125	155	0	0	0
Straits	360	160	200	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	450	220	235	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	565	295	270	15	0	10
Siouan languages	5,430	2,665	2,770	0	0	0
Dakota	1,760	870	890	0	0	0
Stoney	3,675	1,805	1,875	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	140	70	70	0	0	0
Tlingit	260	140	120	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	2,730	1,350	1,380	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	1,305	645	660	0	0	0
Nisga'a	1,060	545	515	0	0	0
Tsimshian	410	180	235	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	1,490	680	805	25	0	20
Haisla	175	65	110	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	125	50	75	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	605	285	320	20	0	15
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	565	265	300	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	30	20	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	665	310	360	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	9,107,075	4,361,420	4,745,660	5,480	2,510	2,975
Afro-Asiatic languages	837,355	432,560	404,795	35	25	10
Berber languages	29,460	15,745	13,715	0	0	0
Kabyle	17,120	9,100	8,015	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	12,505	6,735	5,775	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	57,125	26,870	30,250	0	0	0
Bilen	1,085	625	470	0	0	0
Oromo	6,245	3,070	3,175	0	0	0
Somali	49,665	23,070	26,590	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	480	220	265	0	0	0
Semitic languages	771,130	400,780	370,350	40	25	15
Amharic	33,670	16,675	16,995	0	0	0
Arabic	629,055	329,235	299,820	30	15	15
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	19,745	9,720	10,020	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	7,115	3,505	3,610	0	0	0
Harari	1,710	855	860	0	0	0
Hebrew	75,020	38,730	36,290	10	10	0
Maltese	7,625	3,760	3,870	0	0	0
Tigrigna	21,340	10,640	10,705	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	3,220	1,655	1,565	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	2,775	1,440	1,335	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	224,865	105,845	119,020	195	100	95
Khmer (Cambodian)	27,035	12,640	14,400	0	0	0
Vietnamese	198,895	93,735	105,155	195	100	95
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	190	70	120	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	656,200	273,075	383,125	230	70	160
Bikol	2,075	885	1,190	0	0	0
Cebuano	27,045	10,960	16,085	30	10	20
Fijian	1,660	955	705	10	10	0
Hiligaynon	7,925	3,200	4,720	10	0	10
Ilocano	34,530	13,805	20,730	10	0	10
Malagasy	2,335	1,120	1,220	0	0	0
Malay	22,470	10,370	12,100	15	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5,425	2,445	2,980	0	0	0
Pangasinan	1,800	790	1,015	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	612,735	253,210	359,530	200	50	145
Waray-Waray	1,395	530	860	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5,585	2,540	3,040	0	0	0
Creole languages	155,615	70,545	85,070	45	30	15
Haitian Creole	6,850	3,140	3,710	10	0	10
Creole, n.o.s.	133,045	59,890	73,160	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	16,635	7,955	8,675	30	20	10
Dravidian languages	250,180	126,220	123,960	15	10	10
Kannada	8,245	4,180	4,065	0	0	0
Malayalam	37,810	19,410	18,400	0	0	0
Tamil	189,860	94,640	95,220	15	10	10
Telugu	23,160	12,770	10,390	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	790	385	405	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	870	435	435	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5,158,010	2,506,455	2,651,555	3,860	1,845	2,015
Albanian	31,930	16,140	15,790	0	0	0
Armenian	41,295	19,980	21,315	10	10	0
Balto-Slavic languages	817,315	384,960	432,350	515	250	265
Baltic languages	14,675	6,470	8,205	20	10	10
Latvian	6,500	2,960	3,540	0	10	0
Lithuanian	8,185	3,510	4,675	10	10	10
Slavic languages	805,915	379,965	425,945	510	250	260
Belarusan	2,265	1,070	1,195	0	0	0
Bosnian	18,265	9,055	9,215	0	0	0
Bulgarian	22,425	10,920	11,505	20	15	10
Croatian	69,840	34,515	35,325	15	10	10
Czech	28,720	13,675	15,050	75	45	30
Macedonian	23,075	11,190	11,880	0	0	0
Polish	214,965	99,365	115,600	200	95	105
Russian	269,645	127,055	142,595	100	50	50
Serbian	73,775	37,040	36,740	0	10	0
Serbo-Croatian	11,275	5,525	5,750	0	0	0
Slovak	21,470	10,215	11,255	15	20	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	11,495	5,205	6,290	10	0	10
Ukrainian	132,115	58,820	73,300	125	50	75
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	3,000	1,590	1,405	0	0	0
Celtic languages	9,165	4,705	4,455	40	20	25
Scottish Gaelic	3,980	2,010	1,975	25	10	10
Welsh	1,690	830	860	20	10	15
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	3,590	1,915	1,680	0	0	0
Germanic languages	695,535	337,215	358,320	1,750	850	900
Afrikaans	23,410	11,795	11,610	160	85	75
Danish	15,745	7,320	8,425	100	45	60
Dutch	120,865	57,885	62,990	305	145	160
Frisian	2,910	1,515	1,395	10	0	10
German	502,730	245,745	256,985	1,165	580	580
Icelandic	1,780	830	945	10	0	0
Norwegian	8,120	3,860	4,260	35	15	15
Swedish	14,140	6,510	7,635	55	15	40
Vlaams (Flemish)	4,400	1,945	2,455	0	0	0
Yiddish	20,985	10,435	10,550	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	8,710	4,425	4,285	0	0	0
Greek	150,965	75,510	75,455	50	35	15
Indo-Iranian languages	1,658,220	840,850	817,365	280	145	135
Indo-Aryan languages	1,387,805	704,370	683,435	250	140	110
Bengali	91,220	46,935	44,285	10	0	0
Gujarati	149,045	74,765	74,285	20	10	15
Hindi	433,365	221,665	211,700	140	75	60
Kashmiri	905	490	420	0	0	0
Konkani	6,790	3,185	3,605	0	0	0
Marathi	15,570	8,200	7,365	0	0	0
Nepali	21,380	10,915	10,470	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	1,535	755	775	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	668,240	341,450	326,790	155	85	70
Sindhi	20,260	9,310	10,945	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	27,825	13,970	13,855	0	0	0
Urdu	322,220	164,685	157,535	10	0	0
Iranian languages	281,715	142,030	139,680	30	10	25
Kurdish	15,290	8,290	7,000	0	0	0
Pashto	23,180	12,465	10,715	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	252,320	126,565	125,755	35	10	25
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	8,875	4,715	4,155	15	10	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,897,630	898,530	999,100	1,355	610	745
Catalan	2,035	1,145	890	10	0	0
Italian	574,725	278,500	296,225	200	95	95
Portuguese	295,955	144,465	151,485	100	40	55
Romanian	115,050	55,275	59,770	10	0	0
Spanish	995,255	460,250	535,010	1,125	495	630
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	2,680	1,610	1,075	0	0	0
Japanese	83,090	36,760	46,335	205	85	115
Kartvelian languages	2,150	1,075	1,075	0	0	0
Georgian	2,150	1,080	1,070	0	0	0
Korean	172,755	80,170	92,590	150	70	80
Mongolic languages	2,090	960	1,130	0	0	0
Mongolian	2,090	960	1,130	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	177,215	88,135	89,080	70	40	35
Akan (Twi)	22,145	10,810	11,340	0	0	0
Bamanankan	3,190	1,660	1,530	0	0	0
Edo	3,220	1,510	1,705	0	0	0
Ewe	3,000	1,685	1,315	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	4,725	2,460	2,260	10	0	0
Ga	2,250	1,140	1,110	10	0	0
Ganda	2,495	1,175	1,320	0	10	0
Igbo	8,850	4,710	4,140	15	10	10
Lingala	17,010	7,865	9,145	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	8,590	4,075	4,515	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	7,860	3,600	4,260	15	10	10
Shona	5,425	2,530	2,905	10	0	0
Swahili	38,680	19,565	19,115	10	10	0
Wolof	8,240	4,455	3,785	0	0	0
Yoruba	22,420	11,475	10,940	10	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	40,760	20,375	20,385	10	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	7,015	3,520	3,495	0	0	0
Dinka	2,475	1,280	1,190	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	4,555	2,240	2,315	0	0	0
Sign languages	48,115	18,985	29,130	55	10	45
American Sign Language	21,930	7,780	14,155	35	0	30
Quebec Sign Language	4,665	1,665	3,005	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	22,275	9,835	12,440	20	10	15
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,430,440	672,100	758,340	535	200	335
Chinese languages	1,413,110	663,465	749,640	525	195	330
Cantonese	699,125	325,840	373,285	285	95	190
Hakka	12,445	5,555	6,890	45	20	20
Mandarin	814,450	377,635	436,815	200	55	140
Min Dong	1,045	440	600	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	42,840	19,005	23,835	35	0	30
Wu (Shanghainese)	16,530	7,490	9,040	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	41,690	19,995	21,690	45	25	20
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	590	250	340	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	18,270	9,100	9,175	15	10	10
Burmese	4,995	2,490	2,500	10	10	0
Karenic languages	4,895	2,425	2,475	0	0	0
Tibetan	7,050	3,555	3,490	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	2,375	1,160	1,220	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	30,400	13,210	17,195	45	0	35
Lao	17,235	8,240	8,990	10	0	0
Thai	15,390	5,875	9,520	45	10	35
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	115	50	65	0	0	0
Turkic languages	60,530	31,585	28,945	30	15	15
Azerbaijani	5,450	2,885	2,565	0	0	0
Turkish	50,775	26,605	24,165	25	15	10
Uyghur	1,385	685	700	0	0	0
Uzbek	2,465	1,230	1,235	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	1,870	905	965	0	0	0
Uralic languages	94,810	44,270	50,545	135	60	70
Estonian	6,070	2,750	3,315	15	15	0
Finnish	17,595	7,540	10,050	75	20	60
Hungarian	71,285	34,005	37,280	45	35	15
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	9,730	5,375	4,355	10	0	10
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490	53,125	25,490	27,630
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	32,034,590	15,799,495	16,235,090	51,300	24,660	26,645
Canadian citizens aged under 18	6,652,795	3,412,785	3,240,010	8,615	4,390	4,220
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	25,381,795	12,386,710	12,995,080	42,685	20,265	22,420
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	2,425,480	1,172,085	1,253,400	1,820	840	985
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	53,120	25,490	27,630
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	26,412,610	13,124,325	13,288,290	45,750	22,125	23,625
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330	6,935	3,160	3,775
Before 1981	1,941,510	927,795	1,013,715	4,230	1,955	2,280
1981 to 1990	915,555	439,245	476,310	705	280	425
1991 to 2000	1,486,655	696,720	789,940	635	260	370
2001 to 2010	1,985,035	940,570	1,044,465	905	420	485
2001 to 2005	928,935	439,890	489,050	415	180	235
2006 to 2010	1,056,095	500,680	555,415	495	245	250
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	1,212,075	582,175	629,895	460	240	220
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	506,625	260,755	245,870	435	205	225
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	7,540,830	3,586,500	3,954,335	6,935	3,160	3,770
Under 5 years	731,340	364,165	367,175	835	410	425
5 to 14 years	1,311,810	665,870	645,945	1,185	570	605
15 to 24 years	1,604,430	724,430	880,005	1,820	765	1,055
25 to 44 years	3,198,920	1,513,970	1,684,950	2,675	1,195	1,475
45 years and over	694,320	318,060	376,260	425	220	205
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330	6,935	3,160	3,775
Americas	1,128,745	510,650	618,100	1,110	480	635
Brazil	29,320	13,235	16,080	25	15	15
Colombia	70,035	32,065	37,965	15	10	10
El Salvador	48,080	23,865	24,215	10	0	10
Guyana	87,685	38,940	48,745	10	10	0
Haiti	93,480	40,955	52,525	0	10	0
Jamaica	138,345	59,960	78,390	25	15	10
Mexico	80,585	37,530	43,055	20	0	15
Peru	29,615	12,950	16,665	10	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	65,040	29,325	35,710	15	10	15
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	253,715	113,505	140,215	890	380	520
Other places of birth in Americas	232,850	108,325	124,530	95	50	45
Europe	2,088,410	1,015,145	1,073,260	4,255	2,040	2,220
Bosnia and Herzegovina	36,135	18,050	18,085	0	0	0
Croatia	40,045	20,005	20,035	10	10	10
France	105,565	55,395	50,170	120	65	55
Germany	145,845	69,525	76,320	490	220	265
Greece	62,715	31,580	31,135	30	20	10
Hungary	36,820	17,945	18,875	40	35	10
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	28,325	14,355	13,970	65	25	40
Italy	236,640	118,595	118,040	70	30	35
Netherlands	88,475	45,185	43,295	310	135	170
Poland	146,465	66,450	80,020	120	55	70
Portugal	139,450	68,150	71,300	30	25	10
Romania	90,305	42,795	47,510	15	10	0
Russian Federation	78,685	34,265	44,420	20	0	15
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	33,320	16,325	17,000	0	0	0
Ukraine	73,030	33,360	39,665	15	0	15
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	499,115	243,225	255,890	2,365	1,145	1,220
Other places of birth in Europe	247,470	119,945	127,530	560	260	300
Africa	637,485	322,510	314,970	330	170	165
Algeria	64,620	33,920	30,705	0	0	0
Egypt	64,615	34,125	30,495	0	0	0
Ethiopia	32,790	15,980	16,810	0	0	0
Kenya	27,150	12,810	14,340	10	0	0
Morocco	69,655	36,120	33,535	0	10	10
Nigeria	42,430	21,830	20,600	15	10	10
Somalia	27,230	12,070	15,160	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	44,660	22,205	22,460	220	110	115
Other places of birth in Africa	264,320	133,450	130,870	85	40	40
Asia	3,629,160	1,709,985	1,919,175	1,055	395	660
Afghanistan	51,955	26,030	25,930	0	0	0
Bangladesh	58,735	29,875	28,865	0	0	10
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	649,260	290,800	358,460	165	60	105
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	208,940	98,020	110,915	25	0	20
India	668,565	334,030	334,540	110	50	55
IranCensus data footnote 61	154,425	77,970	76,455	30	0	25
Iraq	68,485	34,785	33,705	10	0	10
Japan	27,240	7,955	19,285	40	10	25
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	123,305	57,170	66,140	65	35	30
Lebanon	88,745	47,295	41,450	10	10	0
Pakistan	202,260	103,225	99,035	0	0	10
Philippines	588,305	247,095	341,210	200	50	145
Sri Lanka	131,995	64,825	67,170	15	0	15
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	52,960	26,595	26,365	0	0	0
Taiwan	63,770	28,170	35,605	60	15	45
Viet Nam	169,250	78,000	91,250	185	85	100
Other places of birth in Asia	320,965	158,150	162,815	140	50	90
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	57,030	28,210	28,825	180	85	95
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	1,212,075	582,180	629,895	460	245	215
Americas	152,595	72,870	79,720	100	55	50
Brazil	8,500	4,000	4,490	0	10	0
Colombia	15,300	6,885	8,415	0	0	10
Cuba	5,370	2,545	2,820	10	10	0
Haiti	19,985	9,160	10,830	0	0	0
Jamaica	12,495	6,680	5,820	10	0	0
Mexico	18,660	9,090	9,575	0	0	0
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	33,060	16,480	16,580	75	40	30
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	6,425	2,990	3,435	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	32,790	15,040	17,750	0	0	0
Europe	140,030	70,995	69,035	165	105	60
France	24,150	13,000	11,150	15	10	10
Germany	6,300	3,255	3,045	25	10	10
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	5,660	3,540	2,120	0	10	0
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	5,900	2,735	3,165	0	0	0
Romania	7,610	3,330	4,280	0	0	0
Russian Federation	11,565	4,485	7,080	0	0	0
Ukraine	13,425	6,015	7,410	0	0	0
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	24,445	14,235	10,215	85	60	25
Other places of birth in Europe	40,970	20,405	20,570	30	20	10
Africa	162,800	81,545	81,245	0	0	0
Algeria	17,175	8,440	8,735	0	0	0
Cameroon	10,265	5,005	5,255	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	7,400	3,570	3,835	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	6,240	3,030	3,210	0	0	0
Egypt	16,115	8,445	7,665	0	0	0
Eritrea	6,050	3,195	2,855	0	0	0
Ethiopia	7,510	3,625	3,890	0	0	0
Morocco	15,105	7,470	7,635	0	0	0
Nigeria	17,285	8,850	8,435	0	0	0
Somalia	5,335	2,600	2,730	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	5,765	2,935	2,830	0	0	10
Tunisia	6,700	3,475	3,230	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	41,855	20,905	20,950	0	0	0
Asia	748,700	352,095	396,610	180	70	110
Afghanistan	9,240	4,530	4,710	0	0	0
Bangladesh	12,900	6,445	6,460	0	0	0
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	129,020	57,745	71,270	20	0	15
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	4,975	2,090	2,880	0	0	0
India	147,190	75,145	72,045	65	35	35
IranCensus data footnote 61	42,070	20,580	21,490	0	0	0
Iraq	20,665	10,345	10,320	0	0	0
Israel	4,740	2,615	2,130	0	0	0
Japan	4,905	1,250	3,655	0	0	0
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	21,710	9,630	12,075	15	10	10
Lebanon	9,375	4,980	4,400	0	0	0
Nepal	7,505	3,780	3,715	0	0	0
Pakistan	41,480	20,530	20,945	0	0	0
Philippines	188,810	83,050	105,760	50	20	30
Saudi Arabia	5,465	2,820	2,640	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	11,495	5,190	6,305	0	0	10
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	29,945	15,245	14,700	0	0	0
Taiwan	4,310	1,685	2,625	15	0	10
Turkey	4,255	2,365	1,890	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	6,135	3,220	2,910	0	0	0
Viet Nam	11,210	4,500	6,705	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	31,320	14,345	16,970	0	0	10
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	7,955	4,670	3,280	10	10	0
Australia	4,965	2,950	2,010	0	0	0
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	2,990	1,720	1,270	10	10	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	34,460,060	16,971,575	17,488,485	53,120	25,490	27,630
First generationCensus data footnote 69	8,219,555	3,936,045	4,283,505	7,920	3,675	4,240
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	6,100,725	3,053,075	3,047,650	11,010	5,270	5,740
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	20,139,790	9,982,460	10,157,330	34,195	16,550	17,645
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	5,703,615	2,709,530	2,994,085	2,830	1,265	1,565
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	2,994,130	1,496,240	1,497,885	1,380	615	765
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	1,220,755	755,370	465,380	605	350	255
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	1,773,380	740,870	1,032,510	770	260	515
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	1,782,490	728,085	1,054,400	1,175	485	690
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	858,845	453,675	405,175	260	155	105
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	68,145	31,530	36,615	20	10	10
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	53,120	25,490	27,630
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	1,673,785	813,520	860,265	3,215	1,465	1,755
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	1,629,805	792,970	836,835	3,125	1,430	1,695
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	977,235	471,510	505,725	1,820	825	1,000
Métis	587,545	289,435	298,115	1,270	595	675
Inuk (Inuit)	65,030	32,030	32,995	30	10	25
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	21,310	10,165	11,145	50	20	30
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	22,670	10,385	12,290	35	10	20
Non-Aboriginal identity	32,786,280	16,158,060	16,628,225	49,910	24,030	25,875
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490	53,125	25,495	27,630
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	820,120	395,670	424,445	1,010	450	560
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	33,639,945	16,575,905	17,064,040	52,115	25,050	27,070
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,490	53,125	25,495	27,630
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	727,790	356,970	370,815	580	280	300
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	709,235	347,985	361,245	555	270	290
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	573,215	280,040	293,180	405	190	215
Métis single ancestry	91,255	45,740	45,515	150	80	70
Inuit single ancestry	44,765	22,210	22,555	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	18,555	8,985	9,565	20	10	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15,140	7,305	7,835	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	2,470	1,205	1,265	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	770	390	380	15	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	170	85	85	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	1,402,735	669,710	733,025	3,450	1,625	1,825
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	1,347,610	644,210	703,400	3,335	1,570	1,765
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	881,455	418,215	463,235	2,330	1,105	1,225
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	441,000	213,940	227,065	975	460	520
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25,155	12,045	13,105	25	10	15
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	55,125	25,505	29,625	110	50	65
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	49,325	22,740	26,585	115	55	60
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,470	1,655	1,815	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,005	940	1,065	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	325	170	160	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	32,329,545	15,944,900	16,384,645	49,095	23,595	25,505
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	53,125	25,495	27,630
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	7,674,580	3,725,090	3,949,495	2,635	1,170	1,465
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	1,924,635	977,690	946,945	380	200	185
Chinese	1,577,060	746,400	830,665	720	280	440
Black	1,198,540	580,070	618,475	280	155	120
Filipino	780,125	341,800	438,330	310	105	205
Latin American	447,325	215,460	231,860	105	45	60
Arab	523,235	276,425	246,810	15	10	0
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	313,260	148,880	164,385	270	130	140
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	264,305	133,475	130,825	35	10	20
Korean	188,710	89,110	99,600	160	70	90
Japanese	92,920	40,105	52,815	210	85	125
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	132,090	62,540	69,550	75	30	45
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	232,375	113,140	119,230	85	55	25
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	26,785,480	13,246,485	13,539,000	50,485	24,325	26,160
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485	53,120	25,490	27,630
North American Aboriginal origins	2,130,520	1,026,675	1,103,840	4,030	1,900	2,125
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,525,570	731,410	794,155	2,855	1,345	1,510
Inuit	79,130	38,695	40,435	40	15	25
Métis	599,995	291,310	308,690	1,260	595	665
Other North American origins	11,628,535	5,745,695	5,882,835	14,620	7,150	7,470
Acadian	119,675	57,805	61,865	90	50	45
American	377,405	182,690	194,715	1,210	570	640
Canadian	11,135,965	5,501,595	5,634,370	13,815	6,785	7,030
New Brunswicker	1,490	800	685	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	22,215	11,420	10,800	25	15	15
Nova Scotian	3,700	1,770	1,930	0	0	0
Ontarian	3,925	1,980	1,945	10	0	0
Québécois	194,560	99,320	95,235	25	15	10
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	1,895	950	945	25	10	20
European origins	19,683,320	9,687,715	9,995,605	44,935	21,430	23,500
British Isles origins	11,211,850	5,474,735	5,737,115	34,980	16,650	18,335
Channel Islander	3,595	1,740	1,855	10	10	0
Cornish	1,975	995	975	10	10	0
English	6,320,085	3,069,515	3,250,570	22,130	10,545	11,580
Irish	4,627,000	2,195,620	2,431,385	11,845	5,395	6,455
Manx	6,125	3,090	3,040	55	25	30
Scottish	4,799,005	2,323,390	2,475,620	16,050	7,685	8,370
Welsh	474,805	226,600	248,210	2,190	1,120	1,070
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	644,695	307,090	337,610	2,360	1,105	1,255
French origins	4,680,820	2,283,480	2,397,340	6,810	3,095	3,720
Alsatian	2,800	1,300	1,495	10	10	0
Breton	11,845	5,765	6,080	10	0	0
Corsican	1,750	950	805	0	0	0
French	4,670,595	2,278,430	2,392,165	6,805	3,090	3,720
Western European origins (except French origins)	4,600,855	2,258,095	2,342,760	10,970	5,170	5,800
Austrian	207,050	100,775	106,275	610	295	315
Bavarian	940	485	455	0	0	0
Belgian	186,665	91,395	95,270	415	195	225
Dutch	1,111,655	546,565	565,090	2,815	1,350	1,465
Flemish	11,685	5,730	5,960	30	20	10
Frisian	4,590	2,395	2,195	0	0	0
German	3,322,405	1,626,785	1,695,615	7,340	3,455	3,890
Luxembourger	3,915	2,025	1,890	10	0	0
Swiss	155,120	76,935	78,185	460	225	235
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	3,365	1,645	1,720	0	10	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,201,320	579,005	622,315	5,420	2,400	3,020
Danish	207,470	100,660	106,810	1,095	525	575
Finnish	143,645	69,045	74,600	605	210	395
Icelandic	101,795	49,875	51,915	450	215	240
Norwegian	463,275	223,075	240,200	2,015	935	1,080
Swedish	349,645	163,545	186,095	1,525	610	920
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	52,780	26,965	25,820	330	155	180
Eastern European origins	3,431,245	1,666,740	1,764,505	6,665	3,145	3,515
Bulgarian	34,565	16,935	17,625	30	20	10
Byelorussian	20,710	10,190	10,515	10	0	10
Czech	104,580	51,555	53,030	255	140	115
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	40,715	19,235	21,480	100	45	60
Estonian	24,530	11,715	12,815	75	65	15
Hungarian	348,085	170,040	178,045	630	280	350
Latvian	30,725	14,920	15,805	40	15	20
Lithuanian	59,285	28,745	30,535	60	40	20
Moldovan	14,915	7,265	7,650	0	0	0
Polish	1,106,585	533,830	572,750	1,970	895	1,070
Romanian	238,050	114,705	123,345	240	140	100
Russian	622,445	297,600	324,850	1,275	615	655
Slovak	72,285	35,360	36,925	75	35	40
Ukrainian	1,359,655	663,560	696,095	2,920	1,325	1,590
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	20,415	9,895	10,520	40	10	30
Southern European origins	3,012,375	1,494,605	1,517,775	2,910	1,370	1,540
Albanian	36,185	18,385	17,800	0	0	0
Bosnian	26,740	13,320	13,420	0	0	0
Catalan	1,280	740	535	10	0	0
Croatian	133,970	67,825	66,140	135	65	65
Cypriot	5,650	2,850	2,795	10	0	0
Greek	271,410	137,405	134,005	195	90	105
Italian	1,587,965	794,525	793,445	1,615	795	825
Kosovar	2,865	1,470	1,395	0	0	0
Macedonian	43,110	21,650	21,460	15	10	10
Maltese	41,920	20,955	20,965	140	70	70
Montenegrin	4,160	2,180	1,985	0	0	0
Portuguese	482,605	239,360	243,250	255	105	145
Serbian	96,530	49,095	47,440	25	15	10
Sicilian	6,940	3,500	3,435	10	10	0
Slovenian	40,470	20,105	20,365	25	15	15
Spanish	396,460	184,520	211,945	545	235	310
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	38,480	18,620	19,860	50	10	45
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	2,170	1,030	1,135	0	0	0
Other European origins	226,695	115,110	111,580	410	175	235
Basque	6,965	3,690	3,275	25	10	10
Jewish	143,660	72,625	71,035	155	55	105
Roma (Gypsy)	4,630	2,195	2,440	15	0	15
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	4,870	2,560	2,310	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	67,890	34,730	33,160	220	110	115
Caribbean origins	749,155	349,810	399,345	165	90	70
Antiguan	4,500	2,115	2,385	0	0	0
Bahamian	3,675	1,915	1,760	0	0	0
Barbadian	37,780	17,745	20,035	30	15	20
Bermudan	3,075	1,435	1,640	0	0	0
Carib	3,030	1,175	1,860	0	0	0
Cuban	29,065	13,800	15,270	25	10	15
Dominican	23,130	11,000	12,125	0	0	0
Grenadian	17,915	7,835	10,080	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	1,125	515	605	0	0	0
Haitian	165,095	76,460	88,635	10	10	0
Jamaican	309,485	145,080	164,410	35	25	10
Kittitian/Nevisian	2,915	1,460	1,460	0	0	0
Martinican	2,010	900	1,110	0	0	0
Montserratan	930	460	470	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	3,405	1,645	1,765	0	0	0
St. Lucian	8,985	4,095	4,890	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	78,965	37,325	41,635	25	20	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	17,420	7,475	9,945	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	70,270	31,625	38,645	30	15	15
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	26,830	12,520	14,310	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	674,640	325,210	349,430	300	140	165
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	22,725	10,875	11,850	0	0	0
Arawak	1,440	610	830	0	0	0
Argentinian	20,680	10,130	10,545	0	0	0
Belizean	1,755	915	845	0	0	0
Bolivian	5,055	2,480	2,580	0	0	0
Brazilian	36,830	17,380	19,455	25	15	15
Chilean	45,190	22,280	22,910	60	20	35
Colombian	96,325	45,590	50,735	25	0	20
Costa Rican	5,535	2,680	2,855	10	0	0
Ecuadorian	25,405	11,995	13,415	0	0	0
Guatemalan	26,275	13,360	12,915	0	0	0
Guyanese	84,275	39,530	44,745	10	10	0
Hispanic	11,055	5,380	5,670	0	0	0
Honduran	10,650	5,235	5,415	10	10	0
Maya	6,285	3,350	2,940	0	0	0
Mexican	128,485	62,890	65,595	115	60	55
Nicaraguan	13,705	6,650	7,055	0	0	0
Panamanian	4,700	2,210	2,495	0	0	0
Paraguayan	4,325	2,165	2,160	0	0	0
Peruvian	42,145	19,645	22,505	10	0	10
Salvadorean	66,220	32,960	33,255	30	20	15
Uruguayan	6,795	3,390	3,410	0	0	0
Venezuelan	26,345	12,220	14,125	10	10	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	28,455	13,930	14,525	0	0	10
African origins	1,067,930	539,805	528,120	410	215	195
Central and West African origins	230,110	118,040	112,070	60	30	25
Akan	1,955	1,090	870	0	0	0
Angolan	2,960	1,475	1,480	0	0	0
Ashanti	1,585	855	735	0	0	0
Beninese	4,995	2,670	2,320	0	0	0
Burkinabe	3,150	1,665	1,485	0	0	0
Cameroonian	24,615	12,390	12,230	10	0	10
Chadian	1,845	955	885	0	0	0
Congolese	38,365	18,925	19,440	0	0	0
Edo	1,945	1,095	855	0	0	0
Ewe	845	470	375	0	0	0
Gabonese	1,405	660	750	0	0	0
Gambian	975	495	475	0	0	0
Ghanaian	35,495	17,720	17,770	0	0	0
Guinean	7,240	3,785	3,455	0	0	0
Ibo	5,315	2,850	2,470	15	0	10
Ivorian	10,935	5,485	5,450	0	0	0
Liberian	2,485	1,130	1,360	0	0	0
Malian	4,490	2,280	2,210	0	0	0
Malinké	1,125	585	535	0	0	0
Nigerian	51,835	27,025	24,805	30	20	10
Peulh	2,435	1,270	1,170	0	0	0
Senegalese	10,175	5,500	4,670	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	2,620	1,330	1,295	0	0	0
Togolese	5,300	2,870	2,430	0	0	0
Wolof	840	495	345	0	0	0
Yoruba	9,585	5,075	4,515	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	15,380	7,940	7,445	25	15	0
North African origins	355,045	185,775	169,270	55	35	20
Algerian	67,335	34,755	32,580	0	0	0
Berber	37,060	19,685	17,375	0	0	0
Coptic	3,535	1,860	1,680	0	0	0
Dinka	900	500	400	0	0	0
Egyptian	99,140	51,730	47,410	30	15	15
Libyan	7,740	4,135	3,605	0	0	0
Maure	1,190	655	535	10	10	0
Moroccan	103,940	54,005	49,945	20	10	0
Sudanese	19,960	10,315	9,645	0	10	0
Tunisian	25,645	13,985	11,665	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	6,115	3,320	2,795	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	260,145	128,325	131,815	165	85	80
Afrikaner	1,870	955	915	25	15	15
Amhara	1,530	815	715	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	3,965	2,175	1,785	0	0	0
Burundian	10,990	5,405	5,580	0	0	0
Djiboutian	1,710	790	920	0	0	0
Eritrean	25,255	12,830	12,430	0	0	0
Ethiopian	44,065	21,680	22,385	10	0	10
Harari	665	355	305	0	0	0
Kenyan	10,915	5,230	5,685	0	10	0
Malagasy	4,500	2,175	2,325	0	0	0
Mauritian	9,325	4,655	4,665	0	0	0
Oromo	3,350	1,745	1,605	0	0	0
Rwandan	10,775	5,065	5,705	0	0	0
Seychellois	1,285	575	710	0	0	0
Somali	62,550	30,215	32,330	0	0	10
South African	41,375	20,575	20,800	115	60	50
Tanzanian	4,710	2,400	2,310	0	0	0
Tigrian	2,155	1,160	995	0	0	0
Ugandan	5,705	2,875	2,830	0	0	0
Zambian	1,860	935	920	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	8,090	3,975	4,110	10	0	0
Zulu	945	475	475	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	17,305	8,445	8,860	0	0	0
Other African origins	239,560	116,400	123,165	135	70	70
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	30,385	14,015	16,370	15	0	10
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	212,005	103,790	108,215	120	60	55
Asian origins	6,095,235	2,958,120	3,137,115	2,585	1,110	1,480
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,011,145	518,170	492,980	255	110	140
Afghan	83,995	42,320	41,675	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	111,400	58,930	52,475	10	0	0
Armenian	63,810	31,505	32,305	25	10	15
Assyrian	13,835	7,115	6,720	10	10	0
Azerbaijani	6,425	3,230	3,200	0	0	0
Georgian	4,775	2,430	2,345	0	0	10
Hazara	1,515	810	705	0	0	0
Iranian	210,405	106,565	103,840	35	15	20
Iraqi	70,925	35,965	34,955	10	10	10
Israeli	28,735	15,065	13,675	0	0	10
Jordanian	14,250	7,520	6,735	0	0	0
Kazakh	3,330	1,615	1,710	0	0	0
Kurd	16,315	8,810	7,515	10	10	0
Kuwaiti	2,235	1,185	1,055	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	1,060	510	550	0	0	0
Lebanese	219,555	112,970	106,590	35	20	15
Palestinian	44,820	23,900	20,920	0	0	0
Pashtun	4,810	2,565	2,245	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	6,810	3,935	2,880	10	10	0
Syrian	77,045	38,445	38,600	20	10	10
Tajik	2,905	1,410	1,495	0	0	0
Tatar	4,825	2,155	2,670	10	0	0
Turk	63,955	32,855	31,100	85	30	50
Turkmen	1,040	540	500	0	0	0
Uighur	1,555	775	785	0	0	0
Uzbek	3,920	1,920	2,000	0	0	0
Yemeni	6,645	3,335	3,305	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	25,280	13,180	12,100	0	0	10
South Asian origins	1,963,330	993,595	969,735	455	240	220
Bangladeshi	45,940	23,645	22,300	0	0	0
Bengali	22,900	11,730	11,180	10	0	0
Bhutanese	3,600	1,765	1,835	0	0	0
East Indian	1,374,710	694,990	679,720	385	200	190
Goan	6,070	2,915	3,155	0	0	0
Gujarati	8,350	4,305	4,050	0	0	0
Kashmiri	3,115	1,605	1,510	0	0	0
Nepali	17,140	8,715	8,420	0	0	0
Pakistani	215,555	110,420	105,140	15	15	0
Punjabi	118,400	61,155	57,240	15	0	10
Sinhalese	7,285	3,605	3,685	10	0	10
Sri Lankan	152,595	75,010	77,585	20	15	10
Tamil	48,670	24,845	23,825	15	0	10
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	76,400	38,815	37,585	10	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	3,163,360	1,467,205	1,696,155	1,875	750	1,125
Burmese	9,335	4,535	4,795	35	10	25
Cambodian (Khmer)	38,490	18,515	19,980	0	0	0
Chinese	1,769,195	836,150	933,045	820	295	525
Filipino	837,130	369,105	468,025	300	100	200
Hmong	805	420	390	0	0	0
Indonesian	21,390	9,950	11,440	40	30	15
Japanese	121,485	53,415	68,070	250	105	145
Karen	4,510	2,275	2,240	0	0	0
Korean	198,210	93,680	104,525	165	75	90
Laotian	24,580	12,190	12,390	25	0	15
Malaysian	16,920	7,735	9,185	40	10	35
Mongolian	7,480	3,560	3,915	20	10	10
Singaporean	2,850	1,325	1,520	0	0	0
Taiwanese	36,510	16,570	19,945	70	20	45
Thai	19,010	7,330	11,680	40	10	40
Tibetan	8,040	4,055	3,985	0	0	0
Vietnamese	240,615	115,935	124,680	215	115	100
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	6,500	3,150	3,355	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	22,745	11,280	11,460	35	20	10
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	22,740	11,280	11,460	35	25	15
Oceania origins	85,470	43,030	42,440	365	195	175
Australian	42,315	21,710	20,605	190	100	90
New Zealander	15,395	8,065	7,330	85	50	35
Pacific Islands origins	29,485	14,240	15,250	95	45	55
Fijian	19,375	9,280	10,090	40	15	20
Hawaiian	3,295	1,500	1,795	40	15	20
Maori	2,500	1,310	1,195	20	10	10
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	1,530	725	805	0	0	0
Samoan	1,100	625	475	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	2,335	1,145	1,185	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	14,072,075	...	...	24,435	...	...
Owner	9,541,320	...	...	18,410	...	...
Renter	4,474,530	...	...	6,030	...	...
Band housing	56,230	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	14,072,075	...	...	24,435	...	...
Condominium	1,874,840	...	...	3,550	...	...
Not condominium	12,197,240	...	...	20,890	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	14,072,080	...	...	24,440	...	...
No bedrooms	93,345	...	...	145	...	...
1 bedroom	1,925,015	...	...	1,690	...	...
2 bedrooms	3,547,090	...	...	7,570	...	...
3 bedrooms	4,836,485	...	...	9,720	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,670,145	...	...	5,320	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	14,072,075	...	...	24,435	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	4,068,915	...	...	5,480	...	...
5 rooms	2,177,045	...	...	4,500	...	...
6 rooms	1,981,585	...	...	4,305	...	...
7 rooms	1,790,180	...	...	3,210	...	...
8 or more rooms	4,054,355	...	...	6,950	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	6.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	14,072,080	...	...	24,435	...	...
One person or fewer per room	13,802,060	...	...	24,325	...	...
More than 1 person per room	270,020	...	...	115	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	14,072,075	...	...	24,435	...	...
Suitable	13,376,345	...	...	23,950	...	...
Not suitable	695,730	...	...	485	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	14,072,080	...	...	24,435	...	...
1960 or before	3,126,380	...	...	2,685	...	...
1961 to 1980	4,185,510	...	...	6,540	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,977,640	...	...	4,110	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,746,390	...	...	5,525	...	...
2001 to 2005	976,390	...	...	1,800	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,089,750	...	...	2,440	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	970,015	...	...	1,330	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	14,072,080	...	...	24,435	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	13,151,600	...	...	23,135	...	...
Major repairs needed	920,480	...	...	1,305	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	14,072,080	...	...	24,440	...	...
1 household maintainer	8,324,865	...	...	14,420	...	...
2 household maintainers	5,404,800	...	...	9,585	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	342,415	...	...	425	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	14,072,080	...	...	24,435	...	...
15 to 24 years	437,230	...	...	560	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,991,685	...	...	2,255	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,414,920	...	...	2,950	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,862,870	...	...	4,165	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,859,315	...	...	5,470	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,034,220	...	...	5,140	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,084,700	...	...	2,845	...	...
85 years and over	387,135	...	...	1,055	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	13,798,305	...	...	24,140	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	10,472,355	...	...	18,640	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,325,950	...	...	5,500	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,861,615	...	...	4,885	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	9,368,330	...	...	18,155	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	60.7	...	...	53.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	16.6	...	...	15.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,130	...	...	804	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,313	...	...	1,034	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	341,556	...	...	358,533	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	443,058	...	...	403,489	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,452,850	...	...	6,010	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	13.0	...	...	11.6	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	40.0	...	...	46.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	910	...	...	924	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,002	...	...	959	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,580	45,840	21,750	24,095
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,239,575	2,667,995	2,571,585	6,970	3,435	3,530
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	7,576,400	3,686,630	3,889,770	13,650	6,380	7,270
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,230	25,220	11,930	13,295
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,800,260	1,906,610	893,650	5,405	4,050	1,350
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,549,880	880,365	669,515	2,235	1,335	900
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	1,250,385	1,026,250	224,140	3,170	2,715	455
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,553,825	2,326,940	3,226,890	9,775	3,550	6,230
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	813,335	331,940	481,395	1,135	400	730
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,659,615	3,070,315	3,589,300	8,910	3,930	4,985
Bachelor's degree	4,443,835	1,967,905	2,475,935	5,380	2,280	3,100
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	462,295	203,725	258,570	760	280	480
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	190,925	102,530	88,395	415	260	165
Master's degree	1,331,045	651,510	679,535	1,970	855	1,110
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	231,510	144,640	86,870	385	255	130
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	26,840	12,465	14,375
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,169,790	1,200,110	969,685	2,595	1,385	1,210
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	4,494,585	2,247,020	2,247,565	7,755	3,740	4,020
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,267,005	5,821,425	6,445,580	16,490	7,335	9,155
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,042,430	1,377,775	664,650	3,265	2,425	835
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	1,145,035	639,785	505,250	1,340	780	565
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	897,390	737,990	159,405	1,920	1,645	275
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,241,985	1,786,065	2,455,920	6,720	2,350	4,370
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	580,885	240,040	340,850	690	275	410
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	5,401,705	2,417,555	2,984,155	5,820	2,290	3,535
Bachelor's degree	3,590,080	1,562,160	2,027,925	3,685	1,450	2,235
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	362,455	151,205	211,250	415	110	305
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	153,290	74,440	78,855	320	165	155
Master's degree	1,120,190	527,335	592,850	1,275	510	765
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	175,685	102,415	73,275	125	55	75
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	45,840	21,745	24,090
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	12,815,980	6,354,625	6,461,350	20,615	9,820	10,800
Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,800	2,455	695	1,765
13. Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,805	2,460	695	1,765
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	596,230	268,050	328,180	1,055	470	585
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	99,020	72,865	26,150	165	125	30
50. Visual and performing arts	497,210	195,185	302,025	890	340	550
Humanities	850,840	330,490	520,345	1,050	440	615
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	98,000	22,100	75,900	120	25	100
23. English language and literature/letters	178,590	52,785	125,810	285	85	200
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	275,525	104,135	171,390	240	90	155
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	4,160	1,640	2,520	10	10	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	51,930	30,185	21,750	75	55	25
39. Theology and religious vocations	77,490	46,285	31,200	110	70	45
54. History	111,465	59,965	51,500	165	95	70
55. French language and literature/letters	53,680	13,400	40,290	35	20	15
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,761,900	586,455	1,175,445	2,340	780	1,560
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	24,685	5,660	19,025	20	0	20
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	182,275	68,030	114,245	220	60	155
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	324,660	26,065	298,595	520	40	485
22. Legal professions and studies	289,600	102,660	186,945	310	95	215
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	35,445	8,150	27,295	65	10	55
42. Psychology	281,470	71,230	210,230	465	155	310
45. Social sciences	623,775	304,660	319,110	735	420	320
Business, management and public administration	3,360,045	1,272,475	2,087,565	4,095	1,245	2,850
30.16 Accounting and computer science	6,190	1,850	4,340	10	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	237,835	48,815	189,015	435	90	350
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,116,025	1,221,805	1,894,215	3,650	1,150	2,495
Physical and life sciences and technologies	614,280	315,665	298,615	835	480	355
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	249,955	105,560	144,400	420	200	215
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	125,600	61,685	63,915	120	55	60
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	28,155	12,625	15,530	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	179,305	122,815	56,485	245	205	40
41. Science technologies/technicians	31,270	12,980	18,290	55	20	35
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	651,480	420,370	231,110	470	250	220
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	514,685	356,435	158,250	310	195	120
25. Library science	40,820	6,495	34,320	65	10	60
27. Mathematics and statistics	86,655	50,930	35,725	80	45	30
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	9,325	6,510	2,815	10	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,327,405	3,022,700	304,700	5,285	4,935	345
04. Architecture and related services	114,315	72,880	41,435	130	85	50
14. Engineering	752,465	615,880	136,585	575	520	60
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	620,065	551,855	68,205	1,035	905	125
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	410	85	325	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	702,155	682,710	19,445	1,490	1,455	35
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	731,135	709,430	21,705	1,480	1,415	65
48. Precision production	406,855	389,850	17,005	570	555	15
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	339,050	219,040	120,010	675	410	260
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	205,930	127,925	78,005	345	190	160
03. Natural resources and conservation	133,120	91,115	42,005	325	220	100
Health and related fields	2,266,720	441,180	1,825,545	4,800	875	3,920
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	164,295	81,260	83,040	285	120	170
51. Health professions and related programs	2,047,680	329,010	1,718,670	4,350	660	3,690
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	54,740	30,910	23,830	160	95	65
Personal, protective and transportation services	995,825	507,200	488,630	2,165	1,350	820
12. Personal and culinary services	565,555	151,530	414,025	1,030	315	715
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	3,505	3,080	420	25	20	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	7,900	7,230	670	130	115	15
43. Security and protective services	206,745	150,540	56,205	280	240	35
49. Transportation and materials moving	212,125	194,810	17,315	705	660	45
Other	3,170	885	2,280	10	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	3,170	890	2,280	10	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	18,931,385	9,268,555	9,662,825	26,840	12,465	14,375
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	6,664,380	3,447,130	3,217,250	10,350	5,125	5,225
Education	727,515	160,315	567,205	1,355	325	1,030
13. Education	727,515	160,315	567,200	1,355	325	1,030
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	467,905	208,365	259,545	740	300	440
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	74,530	53,995	20,535	100	65	30
50. Visual and performing arts	393,375	154,370	239,005	640	230	410
Humanities	614,815	232,425	382,390	685	295	395
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	76,540	16,200	60,340	80	10	65
23. English language and literature/letters	133,800	38,310	95,485	175	65	110
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	191,005	71,770	119,235	165	55	105
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	3,140	1,250	1,895	15	10	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	37,870	21,930	15,940	65	40	20
39. Theology and religious vocations	52,295	31,200	21,090	70	40	25
54. History	82,565	43,475	39,085	115	70	50
55. French language and literature/letters	37,600	8,285	29,315	10	10	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,417,625	453,100	964,525	1,530	400	1,135
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20,300	4,595	15,705	10	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	152,080	56,125	95,955	165	30	135
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	259,845	19,160	240,685	390	30	360
22. Legal professions and studies	241,170	76,720	164,445	225	50	175
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	27,310	6,390	20,920	55	10	45
42. Psychology	218,470	51,570	166,900	240	45	200
45. Social sciences	498,450	238,540	259,915	450	235	210
Business, management and public administration	2,696,770	1,000,895	1,695,875	2,750	820	1,925
30.16 Accounting and computer science	4,955	1,480	3,475	10	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	192,190	36,890	155,305	340	65	275
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,499,625	962,530	1,537,095	2,400	755	1,645
Physical and life sciences and technologies	449,870	222,120	227,755	500	250	250
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	195,830	79,945	115,880	245	110	135
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	89,205	42,265	46,945	85	30	50
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	9,280	3,850	5,430	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	132,935	87,025	45,905	145	100	40
41. Science technologies/technicians	22,625	9,035	13,590	25	10	20
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	567,415	368,840	198,575	320	165	150
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	464,000	321,805	142,190	250	150	100
25. Library science	29,955	4,870	25,080	30	0	30
27. Mathematics and statistics	65,620	36,895	28,725	40	10	25
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	7,840	5,270	2,575	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,532,555	2,271,735	260,820	3,215	2,970	245
04. Architecture and related services	93,135	57,280	35,850	65	30	35
14. Engineering	612,265	490,980	121,285	320	280	40
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	475,045	418,595	56,450	590	500	85
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	350	70	275	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	515,630	499,670	15,960	1,030	1,005	25
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	540,800	523,425	17,375	885	825	60
48. Precision production	295,335	281,715	13,620	325	320	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	269,445	167,680	101,770	515	285	230
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	159,975	94,680	65,295	255	115	140
03. Natural resources and conservation	109,470	73,000	36,470	260	165	95
Health and related fields	1,749,545	342,395	1,407,145	3,380	640	2,740
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	129,560	63,315	66,245	220	95	120
51. Health professions and related programs	1,576,945	256,895	1,320,050	3,035	470	2,560
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	43,040	22,185	20,860	125	70	55
Personal, protective and transportation services	770,950	392,820	378,135	1,505	900	610
12. Personal and culinary services	431,415	114,395	317,025	775	250	525
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	2,725	2,355	375	20	20	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	4,425	3,975	445	55	40	10
43. Security and protective services	162,995	116,750	46,240	220	180	40
49. Transportation and materials moving	169,400	155,340	14,050	440	410	30
Other	2,590	745	1,845	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	2,585	740	1,845	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,585	45,840	21,750	24,095
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,815,975	6,354,625	6,461,350	20,620	9,820	10,800
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,235	25,225	11,930	13,295
Location of study inside Canada	13,117,190	6,299,305	6,817,890	22,075	10,335	11,740
Same as province or territory of residence	11,519,215	5,503,640	6,015,575	13,810	6,265	7,545
Different than province or territory of residence	1,597,975	795,655	802,315	8,270	4,070	4,195
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	2,709,850	1,336,505	1,373,345	3,145	1,590	1,550
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	349,540	189,995	159,545	845	425	420
Philippines	298,830	109,820	189,020	105	35	70
India	281,415	142,410	138,995	90	40	50
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	232,035	131,050	100,980	970	555	420
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	205,375	94,690	110,685	35	10	20
France	88,860	50,400	38,455	40	20	20
Other	1,253,790	618,135	635,655	1,055	510	545
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	26,840	12,465	14,375
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,664,380	3,447,125	3,217,250	10,350	5,130	5,225
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	12,267,005	5,821,430	6,445,575	16,490	7,335	9,150
Location of study inside Canada	10,134,590	4,807,045	5,327,545	14,985	6,690	8,295
Same as province or territory of residence	8,918,160	4,207,495	4,710,665	9,945	4,275	5,675
Different than province or territory of residence	1,216,425	599,545	616,875	5,035	2,420	2,620
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	2,132,415	1,014,385	1,118,030	1,505	645	860
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	254,245	131,955	122,290	390	160	225
Philippines	263,095	96,025	167,065	80	20	60
India	239,535	117,445	122,090	65	30	35
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	133,655	73,575	60,085	360	175	185
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	175,825	79,635	96,190	30	10	20
France	72,920	40,610	32,310	30	15	20
Other	993,135	475,145	517,990	550	235	310
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,585	45,840	21,750	24,090
In the labour force	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,645	25,200	12,620	12,580
Employed	17,230,040	8,923,540	8,306,490	23,220	11,490	11,730
Unemployed	1,442,435	808,285	634,150	1,980	1,130	850
Not in the labour force	9,970,545	4,258,605	5,711,945	20,640	9,125	11,510
Participation rate	65.2	69.6	61.0	55.0	58.0	52.2
Employment rate	60.2	63.8	56.7	50.7	52.8	48.7
Unemployment rate	7.7	8.3	7.1	7.9	9.0	6.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,580	45,840	21,750	24,095
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	9,282,005	3,930,570	5,351,440	18,805	8,215	10,590
Worked	19,361,010	10,059,865	9,301,150	27,030	13,535	13,500
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	9,626,010	5,402,110	4,223,895	10,545	5,790	4,755
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	9,735,005	4,657,755	5,077,245	16,490	7,745	8,745
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.4	42.9	42.0	40.3	40.2	40.3
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	18,672,470	9,731,825	8,940,640	25,200	12,620	12,580
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,705	206,640	395	220	180
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000	24,805	12,405	12,405
Employee	16,073,685	8,158,745	7,914,940	20,925	10,160	10,760
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	2,194,440	1,375,380	819,060	3,885	2,240	1,645
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	18,672,470	9,731,830	8,940,645	25,205	12,625	12,580
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,710	206,640	395	220	180
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	18,268,120	9,534,120	8,734,005	24,810	12,405	12,400
0 Management occupations	2,013,370	1,251,165	762,205	2,630	1,585	1,045
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,874,305	862,870	2,011,440	2,945	660	2,285
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,273,660	990,560	283,105	1,350	1,095	255
3 Health occupations	1,245,885	244,730	1,001,155	2,110	425	1,680
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,138,445	672,945	1,465,495	3,190	1,190	2,000
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	557,275	255,705	301,570	750	260	495
6 Sales and service occupations	4,265,895	1,843,510	2,422,390	6,525	2,450	4,070
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,668,875	2,504,290	164,585	3,795	3,565	225
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	416,135	331,920	84,215	1,080	820	260
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	814,285	576,435	237,845	430	345	90
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,640	25,200	12,620	12,580
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	404,350	197,710	206,640	395	220	180
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000	24,805	12,405	12,400
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	444,680	310,000	134,675	1,280	915	365
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	271,300	219,880	51,420	290	260	35
22 Utilities	136,350	100,135	36,210	45	35	0
23 Construction	1,365,010	1,196,550	168,455	2,295	2,035	260
31-33 Manufacturing	1,596,570	1,149,745	446,820	855	620	235
41 Wholesale trade	665,685	451,230	214,455	370	285	85
44-45 Retail trade	2,110,200	984,090	1,126,115	3,555	1,505	2,050
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	876,050	656,375	219,670	1,070	710	360
51 Information and cultural industries	420,350	243,650	176,705	310	150	160
52 Finance and insurance	790,580	327,865	462,715	695	230	460
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	333,305	184,350	148,955	425	220	210
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,335,125	740,520	594,605	1,250	585	665
55 Management of companies and enterprises	28,795	12,795	16,000	10	10	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	802,420	462,825	339,590	1,030	595	440
61 Educational services	1,346,585	420,845	925,735	1,710	480	1,235
62 Health care and social assistance	2,138,025	383,755	1,754,270	3,440	690	2,755
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	379,740	192,875	186,865	705	350	355
72 Accommodation and food services	1,283,725	535,210	748,515	2,115	790	1,325
81 Other services (except public administration)	814,695	371,880	442,815	1,055	405	655
91 Public administration	1,128,945	589,530	539,405	2,300	1,540	755
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	17,230,035	8,923,540	8,306,495	23,220	11,490	11,730
Worked at home	1,272,285	639,500	632,785	2,155	915	1,230
Worked outside Canada	78,815	54,235	24,580	130	95	35
No fixed workplace address	1,987,260	1,487,445	499,820	3,610	2,715	890
Worked at usual place	13,891,675	6,742,360	7,149,315	17,325	7,760	9,570
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	13,891,680	6,742,365	7,149,315	17,325	7,760	9,565
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	8,102,115	3,723,115	4,379,005	7,915	3,465	4,455
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,906,390	1,435,640	1,470,750	7,450	3,135	4,315
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,725,205	1,492,170	1,233,030	1,590	870	720
Commute to a different province or territory	157,970	91,445	66,525	370	285	80
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135	20,935	10,475	10,460
Car, truck, van - as a driver	11,748,095	6,380,120	5,367,975	16,425	8,030	8,400
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	868,920	349,855	519,065	1,190	615	575
Public transit	1,968,215	846,735	1,121,485	505	190	320
Walked	877,985	392,950	485,030	1,290	555	735
Bicycle	222,130	146,615	75,515	820	570	255
Other method	193,595	113,525	80,060	700	525	180
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	15,878,945	8,229,810	7,649,130	20,935	10,475	10,460
Less than 15 minutes	4,449,920	2,071,365	2,378,555	10,965	4,985	5,975
15 to 29 minutes	5,314,295	2,725,165	2,589,130	6,710	3,380	3,335
30 to 44 minutes	3,228,845	1,782,680	1,446,165	1,395	775	625
45 to 59 minutes	1,391,060	768,115	622,940	785	510	280
60 minutes and over	1,494,830	882,485	612,345	1,075	830	245
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135	20,930	10,475	10,460
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,073,680	781,230	292,455	1,200	785	420
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,814,750	1,754,045	1,060,710	3,310	2,095	1,210
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	4,458,835	2,217,210	2,241,620	5,310	3,010	2,300
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,349,975	1,408,710	1,941,265	5,210	2,060	3,155
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,756,265	752,940	1,003,325	2,740	1,010	1,725
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,425,435	1,315,670	1,109,765	3,160	1,510	1,645
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	19,956,255	10,342,970	9,613,285	27,890	13,930	13,960
Single responses	19,365,980	10,042,855	9,323,130	27,825	13,885	13,940
Official languages	19,090,545	9,897,470	9,193,075	27,675	13,815	13,865
English	15,265,335	7,952,010	7,313,320	27,545	13,775	13,770
French	3,825,215	1,945,465	1,879,750	130	40	95
Non-official languages	275,430	145,380	130,055	150	75	75
Aboriginal languages	24,950	12,385	12,565	10	0	10
Algonquian languages	14,440	7,370	7,070	0	0	0
Blackfoot	80	45	35	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	11,540	5,820	5,720	0	0	0
Atikamekw	1,095	580	515	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	2,055	970	1,085	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	370	180	190	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	40	25	10	0	0	0
Plains Cree	95	60	35	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	15	10	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	75	35	40	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	7,795	3,965	3,835	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	925	510	420	0	0	0
Malecite	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	915	505	410	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	1,895	995	900	0	0	0
Algonquin	45	20	25	0	0	0
Ojibway	765	380	385	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	1,080	595	485	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	1,140	530	610	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	1,135	525	610	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	20	0	15	0	0	0
Chilcotin	20	0	10	0	0	0
Dene	770	360	405	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	165	80	80	0	0	0
Gwich'in	10	10	10	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	135	65	70	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	95	45	45	0	0	0
South Slavey	35	20	20	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages	8,845	4,255	4,595	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	35	10	25	0	0	0
Inuktitut	8,800	4,240	4,555	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Cayuga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	35	10	25	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	10	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	110	25	85	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lillooet	15	10	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	20	10	20	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	35	0	30	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	15	0	15	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	260	155	105	0	0	0
Dakota	20	10	10	0	0	0
Stoney	240	145	95	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	10	10	10	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	25	0	20	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nisga'a	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	35	15	20	10	0	10
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	15	10	10	10	0	10
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	30	15	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	250,485	132,990	117,490	145	75	70
Afro-Asiatic languages	7,380	4,530	2,850	0	0	0
Berber languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Kabyle	20	0	20	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	15	10	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	275	105	170	0	0	0
Bilen	10	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	45	25	20	0	0	0
Somali	220	80	145	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	7,065	4,420	2,650	0	0	0
Amharic	200	95	100	0	0	0
Arabic	5,585	3,695	1,890	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	205	155	55	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	30	20	15	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	825	335	490	0	0	0
Maltese	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	135	70	60	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	8,550	3,790	4,760	55	20	35
Khmer (Cambodian)	475	230	245	0	0	0
Vietnamese	8,070	3,560	4,510	55	20	35
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	3,850	1,750	2,095	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	75	20	55	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	25	0	15	0	0	0
Ilocano	110	50	60	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	140	75	65	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	3,450	1,580	1,875	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	40	25	15	0	0	0
Creole languages	350	125	225	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	25	10	15	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	315	110	200	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	2,225	1,060	1,165	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	90	50	45	0	0	0
Tamil	2,090	1,005	1,080	0	0	0
Telugu	45	10	35	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	85,550	47,305	38,245	10	10	0
Albanian	350	220	125	0	0	0
Armenian	450	220	230	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10,075	4,745	5,330	10	10	0
Baltic languages	95	35	60	0	0	0
Latvian	40	10	25	0	0	0
Lithuanian	60	25	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages	9,980	4,710	5,270	0	10	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	155	90	65	0	0	0
Bulgarian	205	110	90	0	0	0
Croatian	220	130	95	0	0	0
Czech	70	40	30	0	10	0
Macedonian	95	45	55	0	0	0
Polish	2,500	1,265	1,235	0	0	0
Russian	4,850	2,135	2,720	0	0	0
Serbian	530	320	210	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	30	25	0	0	0	0
Slovak	100	60	40	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,210	485	725	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	15	15	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	13,285	7,455	5,835	10	0	0
Afrikaans	85	40	40	0	0	0
Danish	90	50	35	0	0	0
Dutch	1,165	630	540	0	0	0
Frisian	40	25	15	0	0	0
German	10,065	5,715	4,345	10	0	0
Icelandic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	65	30	40	0	0	0
Swedish	125	55	70	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	35	20	15	0	0	0
Yiddish	895	390	505	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	720	495	225	0	0	0
Greek	1,020	545	475	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	37,330	21,140	16,190	10	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	32,485	18,125	14,360	0	10	0
Bengali	530	275	245	0	0	0
Gujarati	880	300	585	0	0	0
Hindi	1,405	755	650	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	10	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	15	15	0	0	0
Nepali	195	95	100	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	27,870	15,945	11,920	0	0	0
Sindhi	35	10	30	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	40	25	20	0	0	0
Urdu	1,495	705	790	0	0	0
Iranian languages	4,820	3,000	1,815	0	0	0
Kurdish	185	150	40	0	0	0
Pashto	50	20	25	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	4,580	2,830	1,750	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	23,025	12,965	10,060	0	0	0
Catalan	30	10	20	0	0	0
Italian	1,705	895	805	0	0	0
Portuguese	7,490	4,795	2,695	0	0	0
Romanian	745	365	380	0	0	0
Spanish	13,030	6,885	6,145	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	3,255	1,195	2,065	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Georgian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Korean	12,150	6,260	5,885	20	15	0
Mongolic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	235	120	115	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	25	10	20	0	0	0
Bamanankan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	20	10	10	0	0	0
Igbo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	0	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	25	0	15	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	80	50	30	0	0	0
Wolof	10	0	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	0	15	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	20	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	1,920	740	1,180	0	0	0
American Sign Language	1,145	340	810	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	135	15	115	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	640	390	255	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	122,880	65,030	57,850	55	30	25
Chinese languages	122,610	64,880	57,730	60	30	25
Cantonese	58,815	30,485	28,340	50	25	20
Hakka	70	25	45	10	0	0
Mandarin	60,090	32,430	27,665	0	0	0
Min Dong	25	15	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	565	335	225	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	105	65	45	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	2,930	1,530	1,405	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	270	155	115	0	0	0
Burmese	75	35	35	0	0	0
Karenic languages	135	75	55	0	0	0
Tibetan	50	30	20	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	675	270	405	10	0	10
Lao	150	70	80	0	0	0
Thai	525	205	325	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	750	475	275	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	30	20	0	0	0	0
Turkish	685	435	255	0	0	0
Uyghur	15	15	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	15	10	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	595	270	325	0	0	0
Estonian	50	15	40	0	0	0
Finnish	105	40	65	0	0	0
Hungarian	435	225	215	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	80	45	35	0	0	0
Multiple responses	590,270	300,115	290,155	65	45	20
English and French	412,680	211,095	201,585	30	20	10
English and non-official language	154,285	77,870	76,420	40	25	15
French and non-official language	7,830	3,595	4,235	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15,475	7,565	7,915	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	19,956,250	10,342,970	9,613,290	27,890	13,930	13,960
None	17,456,725	9,056,235	8,400,490	26,795	13,395	13,400
English	1,259,225	661,460	597,765	155	50	110
French	705,780	349,035	356,745	660	360	300
Non-official language	496,565	257,455	239,105	265	115	140
Aboriginal	37,615	17,215	20,400	10	0	10
Non-Aboriginal	458,945	240,245	218,710	255	120	130
English and French	2,535	1,200	1,335	0	0	0
English and non-official language	18,040	8,765	9,280	0	0	0
French and non-official language	17,265	8,730	8,540	20	10	10
English, French and non-official language	115	90	30	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	34,091,785	16,783,745	17,308,035	52,705	25,265	27,440
Non-movers	29,644,795	14,593,190	15,051,605	44,865	21,475	23,385
Movers	4,446,990	2,190,555	2,256,435	7,840	3,790	4,050
Non-migrants	2,623,515	1,292,750	1,330,760	3,745	1,750	1,995
Migrants	1,823,475	897,805	925,670	4,100	2,040	2,055
Internal migrants	1,451,005	713,060	737,945	3,835	1,920	1,920
Intraprovincial migrants	1,189,525	580,895	608,630	2,530	1,245	1,285
Interprovincial migrants	261,475	132,160	129,315	1,305	675	635
External migrants	372,475	184,745	187,730	265	125	135
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	32,568,560	16,004,315	16,564,245	50,940	24,460	26,485
Non-movers	20,134,760	9,902,645	10,232,115	29,895	14,280	15,610
Movers	12,433,805	6,101,675	6,332,130	21,050	10,175	10,875
Non-migrants	6,755,630	3,314,730	3,440,905	9,140	4,330	4,810
Migrants	5,678,175	2,786,945	2,891,230	11,910	5,845	6,070
Internal migrants	4,296,720	2,104,325	2,192,395	10,920	5,365	5,555
Intraprovincial migrants	3,467,670	1,689,950	1,777,720	7,025	3,305	3,720
Interprovincial migrants	829,045	414,375	414,670	3,900	2,060	1,840
External migrants	1,381,460	682,625	698,835	990	480	510