Census Profile, 2016 Census
Courtenay [Population centre], British Columbia and Purple Springs, Unincorporated place [Designated place], Alberta

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Courtenay British Columbia [Population centre]			Purple Springs, UNP Alberta [Designated place]
	Data quality , Courtenay [Population centre], British Columbia Map : Courtenay [Population centre], British Columbia Change geography 1			Data quality : Purple Springs, Unincorporated place [Designated place], Alberta Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	45,018	...	...	29	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	43,346 ^r	...	...	23^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	3.9	...	...	26.1	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	20,903	...	...	7	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	20,266	...	...	7	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	811.6	...	...	98.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	55.47	...	...	0.29	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	45,020	21,345	23,675	x	x	x
0 to 14 years	6,335	3,275	3,060	x	x	x
0 to 4 years	1,910	950	955	x	x	x
5 to 9 years	2,240	1,185	1,055	x	x	x
10 to 14 years	2,190	1,135	1,055	x	x	x
15 to 64 years	26,490	12,475	14,015	x	x	x
15 to 19 years	2,365	1,175	1,190	x	x	x
20 to 24 years	2,010	1,035	975	x	x	x
25 to 29 years	1,875	925	945	x	x	x
30 to 34 years	2,290	1,100	1,185	x	x	x
35 to 39 years	2,310	1,120	1,190	x	x	x
40 to 44 years	2,475	1,170	1,300	x	x	x
45 to 49 years	2,670	1,195	1,475	x	x	x
50 to 54 years	3,375	1,565	1,810	x	x	x
55 to 59 years	3,530	1,605	1,925	x	x	x
60 to 64 years	3,615	1,580	2,030	x	x	x
65 years and over	12,190	5,595	6,600	x	x	x
65 to 69 years	3,790	1,750	2,040	x	x	x
70 to 74 years	2,970	1,410	1,560	x	x	x
75 to 79 years	2,155	1,040	1,120	x	x	x
80 to 84 years	1,635	765	870	x	x	x
85 years and over	1,635	630	1,005	x	x	x
85 to 89 years	995	420	575	x	x	x
90 to 94 years	510	175	335	x	x	x
95 to 99 years	125	35	90	x	x	x
100 years and over	10	0	5	x	x	x
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	x	x	x
0 to 14 years	14.1	15.3	12.9	x	x	x
15 to 64 years	58.8	58.4	59.2	x	x	x
65 years and over	27.1	26.2	27.9	x	x	x
85 years and over	3.6	3.0	4.2	x	x	x
Average age of the population	46.8	45.6	47.9	x	x	x
Median age of the population	50.4	48.7	51.7	x	x	x
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	20,265	...	...	x	...	...
Single-detached house	12,105	...	...	x	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	x	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	7,390	...	...	x	...	...
Semi-detached house	2,390	...	...	x	...	...
Row house	1,430	...	...	x	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	495	...	...	x	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	3,050	...	...	x	...	...
Other single-attached house	15	...	...	x	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	770	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	20,265	...	...	x	...	...
1 person	6,290	...	...	x	...	...
2 persons	8,435	...	...	x	...	...
3 persons	2,605	...	...	x	...	...
4 persons	1,980	...	...	x	...	...
5 or more persons	955	...	...	x	...	...
Number of persons in private households	44,100	...	...	x	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	x	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	38,685	18,070	20,615	x	x	x
Married or living common law	23,010	11,430	11,585	x	x	x
Married	18,955	9,420	9,540	x	x	x
Living common law	4,055	2,005	2,045	x	x	x
Not married and not living common law	15,670	6,640	9,035	x	x	x
Never married	8,250	4,390	3,865	x	x	x
Separated	1,255	500	755	x	x	x
Divorced	3,320	1,135	2,185	x	x	x
Widowed	2,850	620	2,235	x	x	x
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	13,360	...	...	x	...	...
2 persons	8,470	...	...	x	...	...
3 persons	2,395	...	...	x	...	...
4 persons	1,805	...	...	x	...	...
5 or more persons	690	...	...	x	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	x	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	13,360	...	...	x	...	...
Total couple families	11,275	...	...	x	...	...
Married couples	9,245	...	...	x	...	...
Common-law couples	2,025	...	...	x	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	2,085	...	...	x	...	...
Female parent	1,670	...	...	x	...	...
Male parent	420	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	11,270	...	...	x	...	...
Couples without children	7,140	...	...	x	...	...
Couples with children	4,130	...	...	x	...	...
1 child	1,800	...	...	x	...	...
2 children	1,675	...	...	x	...	...
3 or more children	655	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	2,085	...	...	x	...	...
1 child	1,325	...	...	x	...	...
2 children	595	...	...	x	...	...
3 or more children	170	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	9,105	3,950	5,155	x	x	x
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	20,265	...	...	x	...	...
One-census-family households	12,945	...	...	x	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	6,945	...	...	x	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	6,000	...	...	x	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	205	...	...	x	...	...
Non-census-family households	7,120	...	...	x	...	...
One-person households	6,285	...	...	x	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	825	...	...	x	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	44,495	21,140	23,355	x	x	x
English only	39,990	19,085	20,905	x	x	x
French only	45	20	30	x	x	x
English and French	4,310	1,970	2,335	x	x	x
Neither English nor French	150	65	85	x	x	x
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	44,495	21,140	23,355	x	x	x
English	43,165	20,480	22,685	x	x	x
French	1,145	575	570	x	x	x
English and French	55	30	30	x	x	x
Neither English nor French	135	60	75	x	x	x
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	1,170	590	580	x	x	x
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	2.6	2.8	2.5	x	x	x
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	44,495	21,140	23,355	x	x	x
Single responses	44,105	20,975	23,130	x	x	x
Official languages	41,050	19,635	21,415	x	x	x
English	39,850	19,040	20,810	x	x	x
French	1,200	595	605	x	x	x
Non-official languages	3,055	1,340	1,715	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages	20	5	10	x	x	x
Algonquian languages	5	5	0	x	x	x
Blackfoot	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	5	0	x	x	x
Atikamekw	0	0	0	x	x	x
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Moose Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Naskapi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Plains Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Woods Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malecite	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ojibway	5	5	0	x	x	x
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Beaver	0	0	0	x	x	x
Carrier	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chilcotin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dene	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gwich'in	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sekani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	x	x	x
South Slavey	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haida	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuit languages	0	0	5	x	x	x
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuktitut	5	0	0	x	x	x
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cayuga	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mohawk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oneida	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kutenai	0	0	0	x	x	x
Michif	0	0	0	x	x	x
Salish languages	5	5	5	x	x	x
Comox	0	0	0	x	x	x
Halkomelem	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lillooet	0	0	0	x	x	x
Okanagan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Squamish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Straits	0	0	0	x	x	x
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	x	x	x
Siouan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dakota	0	0	0	x	x	x
Stoney	0	0	0	x	x	x
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tlingit	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nisga'a	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wakashan languages	5	0	5	x	x	x
Haisla	0	0	0	x	x	x
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	5	0	5	x	x	x
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	5	0	0	x	x	x
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,035	1,335	1,700	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	15	15	x	x	x
Berber languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kabyle	5	0	0	x	x	x
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bilen	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oromo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Somali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Semitic languages	25	10	10	x	x	x
Amharic	5	0	5	x	x	x
Arabic	10	10	5	x	x	x
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Harari	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hebrew	5	5	5	x	x	x
Maltese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tigrigna	0	0	0	x	x	x
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages	155	80	75	x	x	x
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Vietnamese	160	80	75	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austronesian languages	205	60	145	x	x	x
Bikol	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cebuano	35	10	25	x	x	x
Fijian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hiligaynon	5	0	5	x	x	x
Ilocano	5	0	5	x	x	x
Malagasy	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malay	5	0	5	x	x	x
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	5	5	x	x	x
Pangasinan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	155	45	105	x	x	x
Waray-Waray	0	5	0	x	x	x
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole languages	10	5	5	x	x	x
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	5	x	x	x
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	5	5	x	x	x
Dravidian languages	15	5	5	x	x	x
Kannada	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malayalam	5	0	5	x	x	x
Tamil	10	5	5	x	x	x
Telugu	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Indo-European languages	1,880	860	1,025	x	x	x
Albanian	5	5	5	x	x	x
Armenian	10	5	5	x	x	x
Balto-Slavic languages	325	135	190	x	x	x
Baltic languages	5	0	0	x	x	x
Latvian	5	5	5	x	x	x
Lithuanian	5	0	0	x	x	x
Slavic languages	320	130	190	x	x	x
Belarusan	5	0	0	x	x	x
Bosnian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bulgarian	10	5	5	x	x	x
Croatian	20	5	15	x	x	x
Czech	40	20	20	x	x	x
Macedonian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Polish	75	35	35	x	x	x
Russian	50	15	30	x	x	x
Serbian	10	5	0	x	x	x
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	0	x	x	x
Slovak	15	5	5	x	x	x
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	0	x	x	x
Ukrainian	90	30	60	x	x	x
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Celtic languages	5	0	10	x	x	x
Scottish Gaelic	5	0	5	x	x	x
Welsh	5	5	0	x	x	x
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Germanic languages	1,035	450	590	x	x	x
Afrikaans	50	20	25	x	x	x
Danish	60	30	30	x	x	x
Dutch	245	105	140	x	x	x
Frisian	5	0	5	x	x	x
German	625	265	365	x	x	x
Icelandic	0	5	0	x	x	x
Norwegian	15	10	5	x	x	x
Swedish	25	15	15	x	x	x
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	5	x	x	x
Yiddish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Greek	15	15	5	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages	175	105	70	x	x	x
Indo-Aryan languages	150	90	60	x	x	x
Bengali	5	5	0	x	x	x
Gujarati	15	10	10	x	x	x
Hindi	30	20	10	x	x	x
Kashmiri	0	0	0	x	x	x
Konkani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Marathi	5	0	0	x	x	x
Nepali	5	0	5	x	x	x
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Punjabi (Panjabi)	75	50	30	x	x	x
Sindhi	5	5	0	x	x	x
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	5	5	x	x	x
Urdu	5	5	0	x	x	x
Iranian languages	25	10	15	x	x	x
Kurdish	10	5	0	x	x	x
Pashto	0	0	0	x	x	x
Persian (Farsi)	20	10	10	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages	305	140	160	x	x	x
Catalan	5	5	0	x	x	x
Italian	80	40	40	x	x	x
Portuguese	50	25	25	x	x	x
Romanian	10	10	5	x	x	x
Spanish	155	65	90	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Japanese	80	25	55	x	x	x
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Georgian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Korean	135	60	80	x	x	x
Mongolic languages	5	0	0	x	x	x
Mongolian	5	0	5	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages	25	15	10	x	x	x
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bamanankan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Edo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ewe	0	0	0	x	x	x
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ga	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ganda	0	5	0	x	x	x
Igbo	5	0	5	x	x	x
Lingala	0	0	0	x	x	x
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Shona	0	5	0	x	x	x
Swahili	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wolof	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yoruba	5	5	5	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dinka	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sign languages	15	5	5	x	x	x
American Sign Language	5	0	0	x	x	x
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	x	x	x
Sino-Tibetan languages	355	150	205	x	x	x
Chinese languages	350	150	200	x	x	x
Cantonese	185	75	110	x	x	x
Hakka	10	5	0	x	x	x
Mandarin	125	55	70	x	x	x
Min Dong	0	0	0	x	x	x
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	15	5	5	x	x	x
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chinese, n.o.s.	20	10	10	x	x	x
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	0	5	x	x	x
Burmese	0	5	0	x	x	x
Karenic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibetan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages	30	10	20	x	x	x
Lao	5	0	0	x	x	x
Thai	25	5	20	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkic languages	10	10	5	x	x	x
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkish	10	5	5	x	x	x
Uyghur	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uzbek	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uralic languages	95	45	55	x	x	x
Estonian	5	5	0	x	x	x
Finnish	50	20	35	x	x	x
Hungarian	45	25	20	x	x	x
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	x	x	x
Multiple responses	390	170	225	x	x	x
English and French	145	60	80	x	x	x
English and non-official language	235	100	135	x	x	x
French and non-official language	10	0	5	x	x	x
English, French and non-official language	5	0	5	x	x	x
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	44,500	21,145	23,350	x	x	x
Single responses	43,990	20,935	23,060	x	x	x
Official languages	43,050	20,505	22,545	x	x	x
English	42,640	20,305	22,340	x	x	x
French	415	205	210	x	x	x
Non-official languages	935	425	510	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages	0	5	0	x	x	x
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Blackfoot	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Atikamekw	0	0	0	x	x	x
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Moose Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Naskapi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Plains Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Woods Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malecite	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ojibway	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Beaver	0	0	0	x	x	x
Carrier	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chilcotin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dene	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gwich'in	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sekani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	x	x	x
South Slavey	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haida	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuit languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuktitut	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cayuga	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mohawk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oneida	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kutenai	0	0	0	x	x	x
Michif	0	0	0	x	x	x
Salish languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Comox	0	0	0	x	x	x
Halkomelem	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lillooet	0	0	0	x	x	x
Okanagan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Squamish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Straits	0	0	0	x	x	x
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Siouan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dakota	0	0	0	x	x	x
Stoney	0	0	0	x	x	x
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tlingit	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nisga'a	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haisla	0	0	0	x	x	x
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal languages	935	430	510	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	10	x	x	x
Berber languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kabyle	0	0	0	x	x	x
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bilen	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oromo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Somali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Semitic languages	10	5	10	x	x	x
Amharic	5	0	0	x	x	x
Arabic	5	0	5	x	x	x
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Harari	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hebrew	0	0	0	x	x	x
Maltese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tigrigna	0	0	0	x	x	x
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages	120	60	65	x	x	x
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Vietnamese	120	60	60	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austronesian languages	75	25	55	x	x	x
Bikol	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cebuano	5	5	5	x	x	x
Fijian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hiligaynon	5	0	5	x	x	x
Ilocano	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malagasy	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malay	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pangasinan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	70	25	45	x	x	x
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole languages	5	5	5	x	x	x
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole, n.o.s.	0	5	0	x	x	x
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kannada	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malayalam	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tamil	0	0	0	x	x	x
Telugu	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Indo-European languages	335	160	175	x	x	x
Albanian	0	0	5	x	x	x
Armenian	5	0	0	x	x	x
Balto-Slavic languages	60	30	30	x	x	x
Baltic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Latvian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lithuanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavic languages	55	30	30	x	x	x
Belarusan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bosnian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bulgarian	5	5	5	x	x	x
Croatian	5	0	0	x	x	x
Czech	10	5	10	x	x	x
Macedonian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Polish	15	5	5	x	x	x
Russian	15	10	10	x	x	x
Serbian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slovak	5	0	0	x	x	x
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ukrainian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Celtic languages	0	5	0	x	x	x
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Welsh	0	0	0	x	x	x
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Germanic languages	120	55	65	x	x	x
Afrikaans	35	20	15	x	x	x
Danish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dutch	15	5	5	x	x	x
Frisian	0	0	0	x	x	x
German	60	30	30	x	x	x
Icelandic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Norwegian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swedish	5	0	0	x	x	x
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yiddish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Greek	0	0	0	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages	80	45	35	x	x	x
Indo-Aryan languages	70	40	30	x	x	x
Bengali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gujarati	10	5	5	x	x	x
Hindi	10	10	0	x	x	x
Kashmiri	0	0	0	x	x	x
Konkani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Marathi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nepali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Punjabi (Panjabi)	40	20	20	x	x	x
Sindhi	5	5	0	x	x	x
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Urdu	10	5	0	x	x	x
Iranian languages	10	0	5	x	x	x
Kurdish	5	0	0	x	x	x
Pashto	0	0	0	x	x	x
Persian (Farsi)	10	0	5	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages	70	30	40	x	x	x
Catalan	5	0	0	x	x	x
Italian	10	0	10	x	x	x
Portuguese	10	5	5	x	x	x
Romanian	0	0	5	x	x	x
Spanish	50	20	30	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Japanese	25	10	15	x	x	x
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Georgian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Korean	120	55	60	x	x	x
Mongolic languages	0	5	5	x	x	x
Mongolian	5	0	0	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	0	x	x	x
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bamanankan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Edo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ewe	0	0	0	x	x	x
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ga	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ganda	0	0	0	x	x	x
Igbo	0	5	0	x	x	x
Lingala	0	0	0	x	x	x
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Shona	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swahili	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wolof	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yoruba	5	5	0	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dinka	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sign languages	10	5	5	x	x	x
American Sign Language	5	0	0	x	x	x
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	x	x	x
Sino-Tibetan languages	200	90	110	x	x	x
Chinese languages	200	90	115	x	x	x
Cantonese	95	40	55	x	x	x
Hakka	0	5	0	x	x	x
Mandarin	90	35	50	x	x	x
Min Dong	0	0	0	x	x	x
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	5	x	x	x
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Burmese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Karenic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibetan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages	10	5	5	x	x	x
Lao	5	5	0	x	x	x
Thai	0	5	0	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkic languages	5	5	5	x	x	x
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkish	5	5	5	x	x	x
Uyghur	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uzbek	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uralic languages	10	5	5	x	x	x
Estonian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Finnish	10	0	5	x	x	x
Hungarian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Multiple responses	505	210	295	x	x	x
English and French	90	40	50	x	x	x
English and non-official language	405	160	245	x	x	x
French and non-official language	5	5	0	x	x	x
English, French and non-official language	10	5	5	x	x	x
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	44,495	21,145	23,355	x	x	x
None	41,970	20,005	21,965	x	x	x
English	585	270	315	x	x	x
French	740	325	415	x	x	x
Non-official language	1,150	515	635	x	x	x
Aboriginal	20	5	15	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal	1,130	510	625	x	x	x
English and French	5	0	0	x	x	x
English and non-official language	10	5	10	x	x	x
French and non-official language	30	15	15	x	x	x
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	37,770	17,735	20,035	x	x	x
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	36,625	17,215	19,410	x	x	x
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,251	43,004	26,801	x	x	x
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	36,685	17,240	19,440	x	x	x
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,864	37,884	24,781	x	x	x
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	33,380	16,030	17,350	x	x	x
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,384	37,217	21,622	x	x	x
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,600	11,840	15,760	x	x	x
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,296	10,808	8,465	x	x	x
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	25,745	12,975	12,770	x	x	x
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	24,110	29,397	20,625	x	x	x
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	37,860	17,845	20,020	x	x	x
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	36,810	17,385	19,425	x	x	x
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,563	50,456	33,602	x	x	x
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	36,875	17,400	19,475	x	x	x
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,570	42,383	29,481	x	x	x
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	33,540	16,190	17,355	x	x	x
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,007	46,999	29,620	x	x	x
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,765	12,085	15,675	x	x	x
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,186	9,636	8,838	x	x	x
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	25,815	13,050	12,765	x	x	x
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,056	39,813	28,171	x	x	x
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	37,865	17,845	20,020	x	x	x
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	8,655	4,720	3,935	x	x	x
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	49,200	56,508	43,035	x	x	x
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	54,985	60,696	48,129	x	x	x
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	x	x	x
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	83.4	87.0	78.6	x	x	x
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	58.1	61.0	54.1	x	x	x
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	16.6	13.0	21.3	x	x	x
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	37,775	17,735	20,035	x	x	x
Without total income	1,145	520	625	x	x	x
With total income	36,625	17,215	19,410	x	x	x
Percentage with total income	97.0	97.1	96.9	x	x	x
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,440	1,670	2,775	x	x	x
$10,000 to $19,999	6,615	2,205	4,415	x	x	x
$20,000 to $29,999	5,640	2,085	3,555	x	x	x
$30,000 to $39,999	4,895	2,045	2,850	x	x	x
$40,000 to $49,999	4,010	2,015	1,995	x	x	x
$50,000 to $59,999	2,995	1,720	1,275	x	x	x
$60,000 to $69,999	2,355	1,535	820	x	x	x
$70,000 to $79,999	1,735	1,135	600	x	x	x
$80,000 to $89,999	1,185	770	415	x	x	x
$90,000 to $99,999	775	525	250	x	x	x
$100,000 and over	1,985	1,520	465	x	x	x
$100,000 to $149,999	1,400	1,060	335	x	x	x
$150,000 and over	585	455	125	x	x	x
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	37,775	17,735	20,040	x	x	x
Without after-tax income	1,085	495	595	x	x	x
With after-tax income	36,685	17,240	19,445	x	x	x
Percentage with after-tax income	97.1	97.2	97.0	x	x	x
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,785	1,775	3,005	x	x	x
$10,000 to $19,999	6,935	2,380	4,550	x	x	x
$20,000 to $29,999	6,715	2,565	4,150	x	x	x
$30,000 to $39,999	5,490	2,455	3,035	x	x	x
$40,000 to $49,999	4,240	2,305	1,935	x	x	x
$50,000 to $59,999	3,065	1,960	1,105	x	x	x
$60,000 to $69,999	2,050	1,345	705	x	x	x
$70,000 to $79,999	1,260	850	410	x	x	x
$80,000 and over	2,145	1,605	540	x	x	x
$80,000 to $89,999	760	545	215	x	x	x
$90,000 to $99,999	455	350	105	x	x	x
$100,000 and over	930	710	220	x	x	x
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	37,775	17,735	20,035	x	x	x
Without employment income	12,030	4,760	7,265	x	x	x
With employment income	25,740	12,975	12,770	x	x	x
Percentage with employment income	68.1	73.2	63.7	x	x	x
Under $5,000 (including loss)	6,115	3,150	2,975	x	x	x
$5,000 to $9,999	2,075	805	1,270	x	x	x
$10,000 to $19,999	3,415	1,400	2,020	x	x	x
$20,000 to $29,999	2,975	1,200	1,775	x	x	x
$30,000 to $39,999	2,490	1,030	1,455	x	x	x
$40,000 to $49,999	1,990	935	1,060	x	x	x
$50,000 to $59,999	1,650	915	735	x	x	x
$60,000 to $69,999	1,390	920	465	x	x	x
$70,000 to $79,999	1,085	690	395	x	x	x
$80,000 and over	2,555	1,930	625	x	x	x
$80,000 to $89,999	785	530	255	x	x	x
$90,000 to $99,999	485	355	130	x	x	x
$100,000 and over	1,290	1,050	240	x	x	x
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	20,265	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	62,619	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	55,617	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	6,290	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,534	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,944	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	13,975	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	78,462	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	69,251	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	20,310	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	75,332	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	64,585	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	6,350	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	43,032	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	36,863	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	13,960	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	90,022	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	77,193	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	20,265	...	...	x	...	...
Under $5,000	220	...	...	x	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	205	...	...	x	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	625	...	...	x	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	865	...	...	x	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	965	...	...	x	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	925	...	...	x	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,010	...	...	x	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,080	...	...	x	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	930	...	...	x	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	970	...	...	x	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,835	...	...	x	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,785	...	...	x	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,520	...	...	x	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,390	...	...	x	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,050	...	...	x	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,895	...	...	x	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,010	...	...	x	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,185	...	...	x	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,075	...	...	x	...	...
$200,000 and over	630	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	20,265	...	...	x	...	...
Under $5,000	230	...	...	x	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	205	...	...	x	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	645	...	...	x	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	905	...	...	x	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,110	...	...	x	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,135	...	...	x	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,215	...	...	x	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,175	...	...	x	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,120	...	...	x	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,165	...	...	x	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,170	...	...	x	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,895	...	...	x	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,610	...	...	x	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,310	...	...	x	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,035	...	...	x	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,330	...	...	x	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,665	...	...	x	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	795	...	...	x	...	...
$150,000 and over	865	...	...	x	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	13,285	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	78,826	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	69,420	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	6,815	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	75,363	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	66,469	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	4,175	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	103,770	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	90,099	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,990	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	44,910	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	41,417	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	13,245	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	90,402	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	77,362	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	6,770	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	86,264	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,540	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	4,210	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	113,076	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,333	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,970	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	55,433	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	49,096	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	8,395	3,675	4,725	x	x	x
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	30,972	33,152	29,661	x	x	x
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	27,976	29,527	27,200	x	x	x
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	8,470	3,660	4,815	x	x	x
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	39,264	43,224	36,258	x	x	x
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	33,887	36,571	31,848	x	x	x
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	44,105	21,005	23,095	x	x	x
In the bottom half of the distribution	23,810	10,795	13,010	x	x	x
In the bottom decile	4,745	2,170	2,570	x	x	x
In the second decile	4,765	2,040	2,725	x	x	x
In the third decile	4,350	1,950	2,400	x	x	x
In the fourth decile	4,850	2,210	2,645	x	x	x
In the fifth decile	5,095	2,425	2,665	x	x	x
In the top half of the distribution	20,300	10,210	10,085	x	x	x
In the sixth decile	4,865	2,350	2,515	x	x	x
In the seventh decile	4,670	2,380	2,295	x	x	x
In the eighth decile	4,375	2,200	2,175	x	x	x
In the ninth decile	3,625	1,850	1,775	x	x	x
In the top decile	2,755	1,430	1,325	x	x	x
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	43,880	20,890	22,985	x	x	x
0 to 17 years	7,710	3,940	3,770	x	x	x
0 to 5 years	2,330	1,190	1,145	x	x	x
18 to 64 years	24,810	11,640	13,170	x	x	x
65 years and over	11,365	5,315	6,050	x	x	x
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	6,610	2,865	3,740	x	x	x
0 to 17 years	1,675	865	805	x	x	x
0 to 5 years	585	295	290	x	x	x
18 to 64 years	3,680	1,560	2,125	x	x	x
65 years and over	1,255	440	815	x	x	x
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.1	13.7	16.3	x	x	x
0 to 17 years (%)	21.7	22.0	21.4	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	25.1	24.8	25.3	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	14.8	13.4	16.1	x	x	x
65 years and over (%)	11.0	8.3	13.5	x	x	x
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	3,635	1,680	1,955	x	x	x
0 to 17 years	880	440	435	x	x	x
0 to 5 years	320	165	155	x	x	x
18 to 64 years	2,515	1,145	1,370	x	x	x
65 years and over	245	90	150	x	x	x
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	8.3	8.0	8.5	x	x	x
0 to 17 years (%)	11.4	11.2	11.5	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	13.7	13.9	13.5	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	10.1	9.8	10.4	x	x	x
65 years and over (%)	2.2	1.7	2.5	x	x	x
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	44,210	21,140	23,070	x	x	x
Official languages	44,080	21,075	23,005	x	x	x
English	44,035	21,050	22,985	x	x	x
French	4,415	2,050	2,365	x	x	x
Non-official languages	4,505	2,065	2,440	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages	60	20	40	x	x	x
Algonquian languages	20	10	10	x	x	x
Blackfoot	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cree-Montagnais languages	15	10	10	x	x	x
Atikamekw	0	0	0	x	x	x
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Moose Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Naskapi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Plains Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swampy Cree	10	0	0	x	x	x
Woods Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cree, n.o.s.	10	10	0	x	x	x
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malecite	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	0	10	x	x	x
Algonquin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ojibway	10	0	10	x	x	x
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages	10	0	10	x	x	x
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	0	0	x	x	x
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Beaver	0	0	0	x	x	x
Carrier	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chilcotin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dene	10	0	10	x	x	x
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gwich'in	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sekani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	x	x	x
South Slavey	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haida	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuit languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuktitut	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cayuga	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mohawk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oneida	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kutenai	0	0	0	x	x	x
Michif	0	0	0	x	x	x
Salish languages	15	10	10	x	x	x
Comox	10	10	0	x	x	x
Halkomelem	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lillooet	0	0	0	x	x	x
Okanagan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Squamish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Straits	0	0	0	x	x	x
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	x	x	x
Siouan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dakota	0	0	0	x	x	x
Stoney	0	0	0	x	x	x
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tlingit	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nisga'a	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wakashan languages	20	10	15	x	x	x
Haisla	0	0	0	x	x	x
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	15	0	10	x	x	x
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal languages	4,445	2,050	2,395	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	20	10	x	x	x
Berber languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kabyle	0	0	0	x	x	x
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bilen	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oromo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Somali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Semitic languages	25	20	10	x	x	x
Amharic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Arabic	20	15	10	x	x	x
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Harari	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hebrew	10	0	10	x	x	x
Maltese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tigrigna	0	0	0	x	x	x
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages	195	100	95	x	x	x
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Vietnamese	195	95	95	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austronesian languages	215	70	145	x	x	x
Bikol	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cebuano	30	10	25	x	x	x
Fijian	10	10	0	x	x	x
Hiligaynon	10	0	10	x	x	x
Ilocano	10	10	10	x	x	x
Malagasy	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malay	10	10	0	x	x	x
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pangasinan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	180	50	135	x	x	x
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole languages	35	25	15	x	x	x
Haitian Creole	10	0	10	x	x	x
Creole, n.o.s.	10	10	0	x	x	x
Creole languages, n.i.e.	20	15	10	x	x	x
Dravidian languages	15	0	10	x	x	x
Kannada	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malayalam	0	10	0	x	x	x
Tamil	10	0	10	x	x	x
Telugu	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Indo-European languages	2,980	1,460	1,520	x	x	x
Albanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Armenian	10	10	0	x	x	x
Balto-Slavic languages	430	220	215	x	x	x
Baltic languages	20	10	10	x	x	x
Latvian	10	0	0	x	x	x
Lithuanian	10	10	0	x	x	x
Slavic languages	425	215	210	x	x	x
Belarusan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bosnian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bulgarian	25	15	10	x	x	x
Croatian	15	10	0	x	x	x
Czech	55	30	20	x	x	x
Macedonian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Polish	145	80	65	x	x	x
Russian	90	45	50	x	x	x
Serbian	10	10	0	x	x	x
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slovak	20	15	0	x	x	x
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ukrainian	120	45	65	x	x	x
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Celtic languages	40	15	25	x	x	x
Scottish Gaelic	20	15	0	x	x	x
Welsh	15	0	15	x	x	x
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Germanic languages	1,335	655	680	x	x	x
Afrikaans	145	75	60	x	x	x
Danish	50	25	20	x	x	x
Dutch	245	110	140	x	x	x
Frisian	10	0	10	x	x	x
German	895	455	440	x	x	x
Icelandic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Norwegian	15	10	0	x	x	x
Swedish	25	10	15	x	x	x
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yiddish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Greek	50	35	15	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages	250	135	115	x	x	x
Indo-Aryan languages	235	130	100	x	x	x
Bengali	10	0	0	x	x	x
Gujarati	10	0	0	x	x	x
Hindi	130	70	55	x	x	x
Kashmiri	0	0	0	x	x	x
Konkani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Marathi	0	10	0	x	x	x
Nepali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Punjabi (Panjabi)	150	85	70	x	x	x
Sindhi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Urdu	10	0	0	x	x	x
Iranian languages	20	0	15	x	x	x
Kurdish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pashto	0	0	0	x	x	x
Persian (Farsi)	15	10	15	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages	965	445	525	x	x	x
Catalan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Italian	165	70	90	x	x	x
Portuguese	75	25	50	x	x	x
Romanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Spanish	775	360	420	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Japanese	170	70	95	x	x	x
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Georgian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Korean	140	65	75	x	x	x
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mongolian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages	65	35	30	x	x	x
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bamanankan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Edo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ewe	0	0	0	x	x	x
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ga	10	0	10	x	x	x
Ganda	10	0	0	x	x	x
Igbo	15	10	10	x	x	x
Lingala	0	0	0	x	x	x
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	0	0	x	x	x
Shona	10	0	10	x	x	x
Swahili	10	10	10	x	x	x
Wolof	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yoruba	0	10	0	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dinka	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sign languages	45	15	30	x	x	x
American Sign Language	25	0	25	x	x	x
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sign languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	x	x	x
Sino-Tibetan languages	495	175	320	x	x	x
Chinese languages	480	170	315	x	x	x
Cantonese	275	80	185	x	x	x
Hakka	40	20	20	x	x	x
Mandarin	185	50	135	x	x	x
Min Dong	0	0	0	x	x	x
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	30	10	25	x	x	x
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chinese, n.o.s.	30	20	15	x	x	x
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages	15	10	10	x	x	x
Burmese	10	10	10	x	x	x
Karenic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibetan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages	35	10	30	x	x	x
Lao	10	0	0	x	x	x
Thai	35	0	30	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkic languages	25	15	10	x	x	x
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkish	30	15	10	x	x	x
Uyghur	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uzbek	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uralic languages	110	55	55	x	x	x
Estonian	10	10	0	x	x	x
Finnish	60	15	45	x	x	x
Hungarian	40	35	0	x	x	x
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	x	x	x
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	44,210	21,140	23,070	x	x	x
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	42,735	20,455	22,280	x	x	x
Canadian citizens aged under 18	7,490	3,850	3,635	x	x	x
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	35,245	16,605	18,640	x	x	x
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	1,475	685	790	x	x	x
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	44,210	21,140	23,070	x	x	x
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	38,195	18,430	19,770	x	x	x
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	5,605	2,520	3,085	x	x	x
Before 1981	3,345	1,510	1,840	x	x	x
1981 to 1990	560	230	330	x	x	x
1991 to 2000	505	200	300	x	x	x
2001 to 2010	820	385	440	x	x	x
2001 to 2005	370	160	210	x	x	x
2006 to 2010	450	220	225	x	x	x
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	380	195	185	x	x	x
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	400	190	210	x	x	x
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	5,610	2,520	3,085	x	x	x
Under 5 years	700	340	360	x	x	x
5 to 14 years	980	450	535	x	x	x
15 to 24 years	1,485	650	840	x	x	x
25 to 44 years	2,120	920	1,195	x	x	x
45 years and over	320	160	160	x	x	x
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	5,605	2,520	3,085	x	x	x
Americas	785	335	445	x	x	x
Brazil	15	10	0	x	x	x
Colombia	10	0	10	x	x	x
El Salvador	0	0	0	x	x	x
Guyana	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haiti	0	10	0	x	x	x
Jamaica	20	10	0	x	x	x
Mexico	10	0	10	x	x	x
Peru	0	0	0	x	x	x
Trinidad and Tobago	10	0	0	x	x	x
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	615	250	370	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Americas	90	50	40	x	x	x
Europe	3,445	1,620	1,820	x	x	x
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	x	x	x
Croatia	0	0	0	x	x	x
France	95	55	45	x	x	x
Germany	355	160	200	x	x	x
Greece	25	25	10	x	x	x
Hungary	40	30	10	x	x	x
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	55	15	40	x	x	x
Italy	65	30	30	x	x	x
Netherlands	275	115	155	x	x	x
Poland	90	45	40	x	x	x
Portugal	20	15	0	x	x	x
Romania	10	15	0	x	x	x
Russian Federation	20	10	20	x	x	x
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	10	10	0	x	x	x
Ukraine	15	0	10	x	x	x
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	1,980	935	1,045	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Europe	385	175	215	x	x	x
Africa	300	145	150	x	x	x
Algeria	0	0	0	x	x	x
Egypt	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ethiopia	0	0	10	x	x	x
Kenya	10	0	0	x	x	x
Morocco	10	10	0	x	x	x
Nigeria	10	10	10	x	x	x
Somalia	0	0	0	x	x	x
South Africa, Republic of	190	95	100	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Africa	80	40	40	x	x	x
Asia	940	345	595	x	x	x
Afghanistan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bangladesh	10	0	0	x	x	x
China^{Census data footnote 59}	160	50	105	x	x	x
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	15	0	15	x	x	x
India	95	45	50	x	x	x
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	15	0	15	x	x	x
Iraq	10	10	0	x	x	x
Japan	25	10	20	x	x	x
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	60	30	25	x	x	x
Lebanon	10	10	0	x	x	x
Pakistan	10	0	0	x	x	x
Philippines	175	45	130	x	x	x
Sri Lanka	15	0	15	x	x	x
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Taiwan	45	10	35	x	x	x
Viet Nam	190	85	100	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Asia	125	45	80	x	x	x
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	150	70	75	x	x	x
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	380	195	185	x	x	x
Americas	75	40	35	x	x	x
Brazil	10	10	0	x	x	x
Colombia	0	0	10	x	x	x
Cuba	0	10	0	x	x	x
Haiti	0	0	0	x	x	x
Jamaica	10	0	10	x	x	x
Mexico	0	0	0	x	x	x
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	50	20	25	x	x	x
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	10	x	x	x
Europe	125	85	40	x	x	x
France	10	10	0	x	x	x
Germany	15	10	0	x	x	x
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	10	10	x	x	x
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Romania	0	0	0	x	x	x
Russian Federation	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ukraine	0	0	0	x	x	x
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	75	50	25	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Europe	15	10	0	x	x	x
Africa	10	0	0	x	x	x
Algeria	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cameroon	0	0	0	x	x	x
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	x	x	x
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	x	x	x
Egypt	0	0	0	x	x	x
Eritrea	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ethiopia	0	0	0	x	x	x
Morocco	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nigeria	0	0	0	x	x	x
Somalia	0	0	0	x	x	x
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	10	x	x	x
Tunisia	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	x	x	x
Asia	160	60	100	x	x	x
Afghanistan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bangladesh	0	0	0	x	x	x
China^{Census data footnote 59}	15	0	10	x	x	x
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	x	x	x
India	55	25	25	x	x	x
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iraq	0	0	0	x	x	x
Israel	0	0	0	x	x	x
Japan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	15	10	10	x	x	x
Lebanon	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nepal	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pakistan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Philippines	50	20	30	x	x	x
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sri Lanka	10	0	0	x	x	x
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Taiwan	10	0	0	x	x	x
Turkey	0	0	0	x	x	x
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	x	x	x
Viet Nam	0	0	10	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	10	x	x	x
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	10	10	0	x	x	x
Australia	10	10	0	x	x	x
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	10	10	0	x	x	x
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	44,205	21,140	23,070	x	x	x
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	6,475	2,960	3,515	x	x	x
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	9,000	4,240	4,760	x	x	x
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	28,735	13,935	14,800	x	x	x
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	2,380	1,065	1,315	x	x	x
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	1,180	515	660	x	x	x
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	505	275	230	x	x	x
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	675	245	430	x	x	x
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	960	400	555	x	x	x
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	235	145	95	x	x	x
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	10	x	x	x
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	44,205	21,140	23,070	x	x	x
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	2,920	1,340	1,580	x	x	x
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	2,845	1,310	1,535	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	1,670	755	915	x	x	x
Métis	1,145	540	600	x	x	x
Inuk (Inuit)	30	10	25	x	x	x
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	40	25	15	x	x	x
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	30	10	20	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal identity	41,295	19,800	21,495	x	x	x
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	44,210	21,140	23,065	x	x	x
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	915	400	520	x	x	x
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	43,290	20,740	22,550	x	x	x
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	44,210	21,140	23,070	x	x	x
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	545	270	280	x	x	x
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	520	255	265	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	385	185	205	x	x	x
Métis single ancestry	135	75	60	x	x	x
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	x	x	x
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	20	10	10	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	0	10	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	x	x	x
Métis and Inuit ancestries	15	10	10	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	x	x	x
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	2,965	1,425	1,540	x	x	x
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	2,860	1,385	1,485	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,990	965	1,025	x	x	x
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	845	410	435	x	x	x
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	10	15	x	x	x
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	105	50	55	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	105	45	55	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	x	x	x
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	40,700	19,445	21,255	x	x	x
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	44,205	21,135	23,070	x	x	x
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	2,410	1,055	1,350	x	x	x
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	350	190	165	x	x	x
Chinese	645	240	400	x	x	x
Black	275	155	125	x	x	x
Filipino	285	90	185	x	x	x
Latin American	100	40	55	x	x	x
Arab	10	10	10	x	x	x
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	260	120	140	x	x	x
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	20	10	15	x	x	x
Korean	150	65	85	x	x	x
Japanese	180	70	110	x	x	x
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	60	15	40	x	x	x
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	80	50	30	x	x	x
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	41,800	20,085	21,720	x	x	x
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	44,210	21,140	23,070	x	x	x
North American Aboriginal origins	3,510	1,695	1,815	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian)	2,490	1,205	1,290	x	x	x
Inuit	40	10	25	x	x	x
Métis	1,110	540	570	x	x	x
Other North American origins	12,455	6,095	6,365	x	x	x
Acadian	80	40	40	x	x	x
American	1,010	485	525	x	x	x
Canadian	11,780	5,785	6,000	x	x	x
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	x	x	x
Newfoundlander	25	15	15	x	x	x
Nova Scotian	10	0	0	x	x	x
Ontarian	10	0	0	x	x	x
Québécois	20	15	10	x	x	x
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	20	0	15	x	x	x
European origins	36,930	17,530	19,405	x	x	x
British Isles origins	28,715	13,595	15,115	x	x	x
Channel Islander	15	10	0	x	x	x
Cornish	0	10	0	x	x	x
English	18,080	8,550	9,525	x	x	x
Irish	9,945	4,515	5,435	x	x	x
Manx	45	25	25	x	x	x
Scottish	13,225	6,345	6,885	x	x	x
Welsh	1,765	905	860	x	x	x
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	1,890	865	1,030	x	x	x
French origins	5,750	2,610	3,135	x	x	x
Alsatian	10	10	0	x	x	x
Breton	0	0	0	x	x	x
Corsican	0	0	0	x	x	x
French	5,745	2,610	3,135	x	x	x
Western European origins (except French origins)	8,910	4,165	4,745	x	x	x
Austrian	455	220	235	x	x	x
Bavarian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Belgian	345	155	195	x	x	x
Dutch	2,340	1,115	1,225	x	x	x
Flemish	25	15	15	x	x	x
Frisian	0	0	0	x	x	x
German	5,955	2,815	3,140	x	x	x
Luxembourger	10	10	10	x	x	x
Swiss	370	165	205	x	x	x
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	10	0	x	x	x
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	4,430	1,965	2,470	x	x	x
Danish	890	425	460	x	x	x
Finnish	495	185	315	x	x	x
Icelandic	360	160	195	x	x	x
Norwegian	1,675	785	890	x	x	x
Swedish	1,220	485	730	x	x	x
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	270	120	150	x	x	x
Eastern European origins	5,465	2,640	2,825	x	x	x
Bulgarian	30	20	10	x	x	x
Byelorussian	10	10	10	x	x	x
Czech	185	105	80	x	x	x
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	80	35	45	x	x	x
Estonian	60	50	0	x	x	x
Hungarian	490	225	265	x	x	x
Latvian	30	10	20	x	x	x
Lithuanian	45	35	15	x	x	x
Moldovan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Polish	1,540	720	820	x	x	x
Romanian	150	95	55	x	x	x
Russian	1,055	510	545	x	x	x
Slovak	50	20	25	x	x	x
Ukrainian	2,545	1,170	1,375	x	x	x
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	35	10	15	x	x	x
Southern European origins	2,495	1,170	1,325	x	x	x
Albanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bosnian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Catalan	10	0	0	x	x	x
Croatian	115	60	55	x	x	x
Cypriot	10	0	0	x	x	x
Greek	185	90	95	x	x	x
Italian	1,345	650	695	x	x	x
Kosovar	0	0	0	x	x	x
Macedonian	10	0	10	x	x	x
Maltese	120	65	60	x	x	x
Montenegrin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Portuguese	210	75	130	x	x	x
Serbian	25	20	10	x	x	x
Sicilian	10	0	0	x	x	x
Slovenian	25	10	15	x	x	x
Spanish	460	200	260	x	x	x
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	45	10	35	x	x	x
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other European origins	355	145	205	x	x	x
Basque	15	10	0	x	x	x
Jewish	110	35	80	x	x	x
Roma (Gypsy)	15	0	15	x	x	x
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	215	105	110	x	x	x
Caribbean origins	150	90	60	x	x	x
Antiguan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bahamian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Barbadian	30	10	15	x	x	x
Bermudan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Carib	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cuban	25	10	15	x	x	x
Dominican	0	0	0	x	x	x
Grenadian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haitian	0	10	0	x	x	x
Jamaican	30	25	10	x	x	x
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Martinican	0	0	0	x	x	x
Montserratan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	x	x	x
St. Lucian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	30	20	0	x	x	x
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	x	x	x
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	30	20	15	x	x	x
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Latin, Central and South American origins	245	120	130	x	x	x
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Arawak	0	0	0	x	x	x
Argentinian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Belizean	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bolivian	0	0	10	x	x	x
Brazilian	15	10	10	x	x	x
Chilean	50	15	30	x	x	x
Colombian	25	0	20	x	x	x
Costa Rican	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Guatemalan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Guyanese	10	10	0	x	x	x
Hispanic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Honduran	0	0	0	x	x	x
Maya	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mexican	90	50	40	x	x	x
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Panamanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Paraguayan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Peruvian	10	0	10	x	x	x
Salvadorean	30	20	10	x	x	x
Uruguayan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Venezuelan	10	10	0	x	x	x
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	10	0	10	x	x	x
African origins	380	195	185	x	x	x
Central and West African origins	55	30	25	x	x	x
Akan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Angolan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ashanti	0	0	0	x	x	x
Beninese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Burkinabe	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cameroonian	10	0	10	x	x	x
Chadian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Congolese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Edo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ewe	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gabonese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gambian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ghanaian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Guinean	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ibo	15	0	0	x	x	x
Ivorian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Liberian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malinké	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nigerian	30	15	15	x	x	x
Peulh	0	0	0	x	x	x
Senegalese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	x	x	x
Togolese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wolof	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yoruba	0	0	0	x	x	x
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	25	15	10	x	x	x
North African origins	45	30	10	x	x	x
Algerian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Berber	0	0	0	x	x	x
Coptic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dinka	0	0	0	x	x	x
Egyptian	20	15	0	x	x	x
Libyan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Maure	10	0	0	x	x	x
Moroccan	15	10	0	x	x	x
Sudanese	10	0	0	x	x	x
Tunisian	0	0	0	x	x	x
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern and East African origins	155	80	75	x	x	x
Afrikaner	25	10	15	x	x	x
Amhara	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Burundian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Djiboutian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Eritrean	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ethiopian	10	0	15	x	x	x
Harari	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kenyan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malagasy	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mauritian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oromo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Rwandan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Seychellois	0	0	0	x	x	x
Somali	0	0	10	x	x	x
South African	105	60	50	x	x	x
Tanzanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tigrian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ugandan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Zambian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Zimbabwean	0	10	0	x	x	x
Zulu	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	10	0	x	x	x
Other African origins	130	60	70	x	x	x
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	15	10	15	x	x	x
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	115	55	55	x	x	x
Asian origins	2,330	995	1,340	x	x	x
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	200	80	115	x	x	x
Afghan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	10	0	0	x	x	x
Armenian	25	15	10	x	x	x
Assyrian	0	10	0	x	x	x
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Georgian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hazara	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iranian	15	0	15	x	x	x
Iraqi	10	10	10	x	x	x
Israeli	10	0	10	x	x	x
Jordanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kazakh	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kurd	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lebanese	25	15	15	x	x	x
Palestinian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pashtun	0	0	0	x	x	x
Saudi Arabian	10	10	0	x	x	x
Syrian	10	0	0	x	x	x
Tajik	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tatar	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turk	80	30	50	x	x	x
Turkmen	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uighur	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uzbek	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yemeni	0	0	0	x	x	x
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	x	x	x
South Asian origins	405	220	185	x	x	x
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bengali	0	10	0	x	x	x
Bhutanese	0	0	0	x	x	x
East Indian	345	190	155	x	x	x
Goan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gujarati	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kashmiri	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nepali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pakistani	10	10	0	x	x	x
Punjabi	15	0	15	x	x	x
Sinhalese	10	10	10	x	x	x
Sri Lankan	20	15	10	x	x	x
Tamil	15	0	10	x	x	x
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	10	0	0	x	x	x
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,725	680	1,045	x	x	x
Burmese	30	10	25	x	x	x
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chinese	750	265	480	x	x	x
Filipino	275	90	185	x	x	x
Hmong	0	0	0	x	x	x
Indonesian	30	15	15	x	x	x
Japanese	220	95	125	x	x	x
Karen	0	0	0	x	x	x
Korean	155	70	85	x	x	x
Laotian	25	0	15	x	x	x
Malaysian	40	10	35	x	x	x
Mongolian	15	0	10	x	x	x
Singaporean	0	0	0	x	x	x
Taiwanese	55	20	35	x	x	x
Thai	45	10	35	x	x	x
Tibetan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Vietnamese	210	115	95	x	x	x
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other Asian origins	35	20	15	x	x	x
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	35	20	10	x	x	x
Oceania origins	295	150	145	x	x	x
Australian	150	75	70	x	x	x
New Zealander	65	40	20	x	x	x
Pacific Islands origins	85	35	50	x	x	x
Fijian	35	15	20	x	x	x
Hawaiian	35	15	25	x	x	x
Maori	15	10	10	x	x	x
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Samoan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	20,305	...	...	x	...	...
Owner	15,015	...	...	x	...	...
Renter	5,295	...	...	x	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	20,305	...	...	x	...	...
Condominium	3,515	...	...	x	...	...
Not condominium	16,790	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	20,305	...	...	x	...	...
No bedrooms	90	...	...	x	...	...
1 bedroom	1,265	...	...	x	...	...
2 bedrooms	6,270	...	...	x	...	...
3 bedrooms	8,145	...	...	x	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	4,535	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	20,310	...	...	x	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	4,560	...	...	x	...	...
5 rooms	3,755	...	...	x	...	...
6 rooms	3,540	...	...	x	...	...
7 rooms	2,605	...	...	x	...	...
8 or more rooms	5,845	...	...	x	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.4	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	20,310	...	...	x	...	...
One person or fewer per room	20,230	...	...	x	...	...
More than 1 person per room	75	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	20,310	...	...	x	...	...
Suitable	19,990	...	...	x	...	...
Not suitable	315	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	20,310	...	...	x	...	...
1960 or before	2,050	...	...	x	...	...
1961 to 1980	5,460	...	...	x	...	...
1981 to 1990	3,320	...	...	x	...	...
1991 to 2000	4,735	...	...	x	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,585	...	...	x	...	...
2006 to 2010	2,180	...	...	x	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	985	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	20,305	...	...	x	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	19,315	...	...	x	...	...
Major repairs needed	995	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	20,305	...	...	x	...	...
1 household maintainer	12,215	...	...	x	...	...
2 household maintainers	7,730	...	...	x	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	360	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	20,305	...	...	x	...	...
15 to 24 years	520	...	...	x	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,975	...	...	x	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,580	...	...	x	...	...
45 to 54 years	3,525	...	...	x	...	...
55 to 64 years	4,290	...	...	x	...	...
65 to 74 years	4,120	...	...	x	...	...
75 to 84 years	2,400	...	...	x	...	...
85 years and over	905	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	20,165	...	...	x	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	15,455	...	...	x	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	4,705	...	...	x	...	...
30% to less than 100%	4,215	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	14,900	...	...	x	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	54.6	...	...	x	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	15.0	...	...	x	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	858	...	...	x	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,047	...	...	x	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	348,762	...	...	x	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	378,001	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	5,280	...	...	x	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	11.9	...	...	x	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	47.0	...	...	x	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	926	...	...	x	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	972	...	...	x	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	37,865	17,845	20,020	x	x	x
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,960	2,895	3,070	x	x	x
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	11,380	5,265	6,115	x	x	x
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	20,525	9,685	10,835	x	x	x
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,360	3,235	1,120	x	x	x
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,805	1,055	755	x	x	x
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,555	2,185	365	x	x	x
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	8,180	3,015	5,170	x	x	x
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	925	315	615	x	x	x
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	7,060	3,125	3,935	x	x	x
Bachelor's degree	4,390	1,855	2,535	x	x	x
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	565	205	360	x	x	x
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	340	215	130	x	x	x
Master's degree	1,510	690	825	x	x	x
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	245	160	85	x	x	x
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	22,110	10,255	11,855	x	x	x
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,190	1,140	1,050	x	x	x
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	6,375	3,065	3,305	x	x	x
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	13,550	6,045	7,505	x	x	x
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,605	1,925	680	x	x	x
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,065	595	470	x	x	x
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,545	1,330	210	x	x	x
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,630	2,000	3,630	x	x	x
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	540	200	335	x	x	x
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	4,775	1,920	2,850	x	x	x
Bachelor's degree	3,090	1,220	1,875	x	x	x
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	345	85	265	x	x	x
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	275	155	120	x	x	x
Master's degree	970	425	545	x	x	x
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	85	35	45	x	x	x
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	37,865	17,845	20,020	x	x	x
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	17,340	8,160	9,185	x	x	x
Education	1,915	550	1,365	x	x	x
13. Education	1,920	550	1,365	x	x	x
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	815	355	460	x	x	x
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	135	105	30	x	x	x
50. Visual and performing arts	675	250	425	x	x	x
Humanities	845	335	515	x	x	x
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	110	20	90	x	x	x
23. English language and literature/letters	235	60	180	x	x	x
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	190	65	120	x	x	x
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	0	x	x	x
38. Philosophy and religious studies	55	40	15	x	x	x
39. Theology and religious vocations	105	60	45	x	x	x
54. History	130	75	55	x	x	x
55. French language and literature/letters	20	10	10	x	x	x
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,935	675	1,260	x	x	x
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	10	x	x	x
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	175	60	115	x	x	x
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	445	25	415	x	x	x
22. Legal professions and studies	230	75	160	x	x	x
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	60	15	45	x	x	x
42. Psychology	390	140	255	x	x	x
45. Social sciences	620	360	260	x	x	x
Business, management and public administration	3,430	1,055	2,370	x	x	x
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	10	10	x	x	x
44. Public administration and social service professions	335	70	265	x	x	x
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,085	980	2,100	x	x	x
Physical and life sciences and technologies	625	365	260	x	x	x
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	335	170	165	x	x	x
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	105	55	50	x	x	x
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	x	x	x
40. Physical sciences	160	135	25	x	x	x
41. Science technologies/technicians	30	10	20	x	x	x
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	350	185	165	x	x	x
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	230	145	85	x	x	x
25. Library science	55	10	50	x	x	x
27. Mathematics and statistics	60	30	30	x	x	x
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	4,310	4,015	300	x	x	x
04. Architecture and related services	90	60	30	x	x	x
14. Engineering	435	390	45	x	x	x
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	870	750	120	x	x	x
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	x	x	x
46. Construction trades	1,225	1,195	35	x	x	x
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,235	1,170	60	x	x	x
48. Precision production	455	450	0	x	x	x
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	485	310	175	x	x	x
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	240	135	105	x	x	x
03. Natural resources and conservation	250	175	75	x	x	x
Health and related fields	4,000	710	3,290	x	x	x
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	255	110	140	x	x	x
51. Health professions and related programs	3,615	525	3,085	x	x	x
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	130	75	60	x	x	x
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,810	1,125	680	x	x	x
12. Personal and culinary services	850	265	590	x	x	x
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	25	20	10	x	x	x
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	125	115	10	x	x	x
43. Security and protective services	240	205	40	x	x	x
49. Transportation and materials moving	565	530	35	x	x	x
Other	10	10	0	x	x	x
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	x	x	x
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	22,110	10,255	11,855	x	x	x
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	8,560	4,205	4,350	x	x	x
Education	1,085	280	810	x	x	x
13. Education	1,090	280	805	x	x	x
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	575	220	360	x	x	x
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	80	50	30	x	x	x
50. Visual and performing arts	495	170	330	x	x	x
Humanities	585	235	345	x	x	x
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	75	10	60	x	x	x
23. English language and literature/letters	150	45	105	x	x	x
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	140	50	90	x	x	x
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	10	10	x	x	x
38. Philosophy and religious studies	45	35	15	x	x	x
39. Theology and religious vocations	70	40	25	x	x	x
54. History	90	50	35	x	x	x
55. French language and literature/letters	10	0	10	x	x	x
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,285	350	930	x	x	x
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	x	x	x
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	135	30	100	x	x	x
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	335	20	310	x	x	x
22. Legal professions and studies	170	40	130	x	x	x
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	50	10	40	x	x	x
42. Psychology	205	40	165	x	x	x
45. Social sciences	390	210	175	x	x	x
Business, management and public administration	2,295	700	1,595	x	x	x
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	x	x	x
44. Public administration and social service professions	255	50	200	x	x	x
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,035	650	1,385	x	x	x
Physical and life sciences and technologies	385	205	185	x	x	x
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	215	105	105	x	x	x
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	80	30	40	x	x	x
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	x	x	x
40. Physical sciences	85	65	25	x	x	x
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	0	15	x	x	x
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	250	140	115	x	x	x
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	195	125	65	x	x	x
25. Library science	25	0	25	x	x	x
27. Mathematics and statistics	30	10	20	x	x	x
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,640	2,420	220	x	x	x
04. Architecture and related services	50	15	30	x	x	x
14. Engineering	255	225	30	x	x	x
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	485	405	80	x	x	x
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	x	x	x
46. Construction trades	870	840	25	x	x	x
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	730	675	50	x	x	x
48. Precision production	250	255	10	x	x	x
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	360	210	150	x	x	x
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	155	75	85	x	x	x
03. Natural resources and conservation	200	140	70	x	x	x
Health and related fields	2,820	540	2,280	x	x	x
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	195	90	110	x	x	x
51. Health professions and related programs	2,505	390	2,115	x	x	x
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	120	70	55	x	x	x
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,265	750	510	x	x	x
12. Personal and culinary services	635	205	430	x	x	x
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	20	20	0	x	x	x
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	45	40	10	x	x	x
43. Security and protective services	190	150	40	x	x	x
49. Transportation and materials moving	365	335	30	x	x	x
Other	0	0	0	x	x	x
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	x	x	x
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	37,860	17,845	20,020	x	x	x
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	17,340	8,160	9,185	x	x	x
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	20,525	9,690	10,835	x	x	x
Location of study inside Canada	18,125	8,475	9,645	x	x	x
Same as province or territory of residence	11,135	5,010	6,115	x	x	x
Different than province or territory of residence	6,995	3,465	3,530	x	x	x
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	2,400	1,210	1,185	x	x	x
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	590	315	280	x	x	x
Philippines	90	25	60	x	x	x
India	80	35	45	x	x	x
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	785	425	360	x	x	x
China^{Census data footnote 162}	30	10	25	x	x	x
France	30	15	15	x	x	x
Other	790	390	405	x	x	x
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	22,110	10,255	11,860	x	x	x
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	8,560	4,205	4,350	x	x	x
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	13,550	6,045	7,505	x	x	x
Location of study inside Canada	12,370	5,535	6,835	x	x	x
Same as province or territory of residence	8,150	3,495	4,660	x	x	x
Different than province or territory of residence	4,215	2,040	2,175	x	x	x
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,180	515	670	x	x	x
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	260	115	140	x	x	x
Philippines	80	20	60	x	x	x
India	50	25	30	x	x	x
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	295	135	160	x	x	x
China^{Census data footnote 162}	35	10	25	x	x	x
France	25	0	20	x	x	x
Other	435	195	240	x	x	x
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	37,865	17,845	20,015	x	x	x
In the labour force	20,785	10,415	10,375	x	x	x
Employed	19,090	9,455	9,630	x	x	x
Unemployed	1,700	960	740	x	x	x
Not in the labour force	17,075	7,430	9,645	x	x	x
Participation rate	54.9	58.4	51.8	x	x	x
Employment rate	50.4	53.0	48.1	x	x	x
Unemployment rate	8.2	9.2	7.1	x	x	x
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	37,860	17,845	20,020	x	x	x
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	15,645	6,710	8,935	x	x	x
Worked	22,220	11,140	11,085	x	x	x
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	8,905	4,905	4,005	x	x	x
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	13,320	6,235	7,085	x	x	x
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.5	40.6	40.4	x	x	x
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	20,785	10,415	10,375	x	x	x
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	330	180	150	x	x	x
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	20,455	10,235	10,220	x	x	x
Employee	17,705	8,615	9,090	x	x	x
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	2,745	1,620	1,125	x	x	x
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	20,785	10,410	10,375	x	x	x
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	330	180	150	x	x	x
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	20,455	10,235	10,225	x	x	x
0 Management occupations	2,055	1,260	790	x	x	x
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,375	575	1,805	x	x	x
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,120	915	205	x	x	x
3 Health occupations	1,805	375	1,430	x	x	x
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,715	1,035	1,680	x	x	x
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	570	190	380	x	x	x
6 Sales and service occupations	5,590	2,125	3,465	x	x	x
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	3,060	2,865	195	x	x	x
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	860	675	190	x	x	x
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	310	235	75	x	x	x
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	20,785	10,415	10,375	x	x	x
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	330	185	155	x	x	x
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	20,455	10,235	10,220	x	x	x
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	875	675	205	x	x	x
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	245	225	20	x	x	x
22 Utilities	35	30	10	x	x	x
23 Construction	1,795	1,580	215	x	x	x
31-33 Manufacturing	640	470	175	x	x	x
41 Wholesale trade	300	240	55	x	x	x
44-45 Retail trade	3,040	1,305	1,735	x	x	x
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	855	555	300	x	x	x
51 Information and cultural industries	250	125	120	x	x	x
52 Finance and insurance	575	205	375	x	x	x
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	360	195	165	x	x	x
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	985	475	515	x	x	x
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	x	x	x
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	840	485	360	x	x	x
61 Educational services	1,400	400	1,005	x	x	x
62 Health care and social assistance	2,895	565	2,335	x	x	x
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	550	280	270	x	x	x
72 Accommodation and food services	1,885	710	1,180	x	x	x
81 Other services (except public administration)	865	315	545	x	x	x
91 Public administration	2,055	1,405	650	x	x	x
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	19,090	9,455	9,635	x	x	x
Worked at home	1,375	575	800	x	x	x
Worked outside Canada	90	65	25	x	x	x
No fixed workplace address	2,820	2,130	695	x	x	x
Worked at usual place	14,805	6,690	8,115	x	x	x
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	14,805	6,690	8,120	x	x	x
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	7,210	3,160	4,050	x	x	x
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	6,020	2,560	3,455	x	x	x
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,250	705	550	x	x	x
Commute to a different province or territory	325	265	65	x	x	x
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	17,625	8,820	8,815	x	x	x
Car, truck, van - as a driver	13,790	6,760	7,035	x	x	x
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,045	535	515	x	x	x
Public transit	420	155	260	x	x	x
Walked	1,120	465	655	x	x	x
Bicycle	710	490	215	x	x	x
Other method	540	415	130	x	x	x
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	17,625	8,820	8,810	x	x	x
Less than 15 minutes	9,695	4,415	5,280	x	x	x
15 to 29 minutes	5,450	2,785	2,665	x	x	x
30 to 44 minutes	1,015	555	455	x	x	x
45 to 59 minutes	635	390	245	x	x	x
60 minutes and over	835	670	165	x	x	x
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	17,625	8,815	8,810	x	x	x
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,040	665	375	x	x	x
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,825	1,770	1,055	x	x	x
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	4,510	2,570	1,935	x	x	x
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	4,285	1,715	2,570	x	x	x
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	2,300	845	1,455	x	x	x
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,675	1,255	1,420	x	x	x
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	22,935	11,450	11,480	x	x	x
Single responses	22,870	11,410	11,465	x	x	x
Official languages	22,720	11,335	11,385	x	x	x
English	22,600	11,295	11,305	x	x	x
French	115	40	85	x	x	x
Non-official languages	150	75	75	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	x	x	x
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Blackfoot	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Atikamekw	0	0	0	x	x	x
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Moose Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Naskapi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Plains Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Woods Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malecite	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ojibway	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Beaver	0	0	0	x	x	x
Carrier	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chilcotin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dene	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gwich'in	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sekani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	x	x	x
South Slavey	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haida	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuit languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuktitut	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cayuga	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mohawk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oneida	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kutenai	0	0	0	x	x	x
Michif	0	0	0	x	x	x
Salish languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Comox	0	0	0	x	x	x
Halkomelem	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lillooet	0	0	0	x	x	x
Okanagan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Squamish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Straits	0	0	0	x	x	x
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Siouan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dakota	0	0	0	x	x	x
Stoney	0	0	0	x	x	x
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tlingit	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nisga'a	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haisla	0	0	0	x	x	x
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	10	0	0	x	x	x
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal languages	140	75	70	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Berber languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kabyle	0	0	0	x	x	x
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bilen	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oromo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Somali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Semitic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Amharic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Arabic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Harari	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hebrew	0	0	0	x	x	x
Maltese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tigrigna	0	0	0	x	x	x
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages	55	20	30	x	x	x
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Vietnamese	55	20	30	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bikol	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cebuano	0	0	0	x	x	x
Fijian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ilocano	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malagasy	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malay	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pangasinan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kannada	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malayalam	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tamil	0	0	0	x	x	x
Telugu	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Indo-European languages	15	10	0	x	x	x
Albanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Armenian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Balto-Slavic languages	0	10	0	x	x	x
Baltic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Latvian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lithuanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavic languages	10	10	0	x	x	x
Belarusan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bosnian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bulgarian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Croatian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Czech	10	0	0	x	x	x
Macedonian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Polish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Russian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Serbian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slovak	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ukrainian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Celtic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Welsh	0	0	0	x	x	x
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Germanic languages	10	0	10	x	x	x
Afrikaans	0	0	0	x	x	x
Danish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dutch	0	0	0	x	x	x
Frisian	0	0	0	x	x	x
German	0	0	0	x	x	x
Icelandic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Norwegian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swedish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yiddish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Greek	0	0	0	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bengali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gujarati	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hindi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kashmiri	0	0	0	x	x	x
Konkani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Marathi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nepali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sindhi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Urdu	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iranian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kurdish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pashto	0	0	0	x	x	x
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Catalan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Italian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Portuguese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Romanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Spanish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Japanese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Georgian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Korean	20	15	0	x	x	x
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mongolian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bamanankan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Edo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ewe	0	0	0	x	x	x
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ga	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ganda	0	0	0	x	x	x
Igbo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lingala	0	0	0	x	x	x
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Shona	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swahili	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wolof	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yoruba	0	0	0	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dinka	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sign languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
American Sign Language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sino-Tibetan languages	60	30	25	x	x	x
Chinese languages	55	30	25	x	x	x
Cantonese	55	25	25	x	x	x
Hakka	10	0	0	x	x	x
Mandarin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Min Dong	0	0	0	x	x	x
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Burmese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Karenic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibetan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	10	x	x	x
Lao	0	0	0	x	x	x
Thai	10	0	10	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uyghur	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uzbek	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uralic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Estonian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Finnish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hungarian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Multiple responses	65	45	20	x	x	x
English and French	25	20	0	x	x	x
English and non-official language	40	25	15	x	x	x
French and non-official language	0	0	0	x	x	x
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	22,935	11,455	11,485	x	x	x
None	21,970	10,980	10,995	x	x	x
English	150	50	100	x	x	x
French	600	330	260	x	x	x
Non-official language	200	85	120	x	x	x
Aboriginal	10	0	10	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal	195	85	110	x	x	x
English and French	0	0	0	x	x	x
English and non-official language	0	0	0	x	x	x
French and non-official language	20	0	10	x	x	x
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	43,845	20,935	22,910	x	x	x
Non-movers	37,200	17,755	19,445	x	x	x
Movers	6,650	3,185	3,465	x	x	x
Non-migrants	3,230	1,470	1,760	x	x	x
Migrants	3,420	1,710	1,710	x	x	x
Internal migrants	3,195	1,605	1,590	x	x	x
Intraprovincial migrants	2,090	1,025	1,065	x	x	x
Interprovincial migrants	1,110	580	525	x	x	x
External migrants	220	105	120	x	x	x
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	42,310	20,225	22,085	x	x	x
Non-movers	24,085	11,400	12,680	x	x	x
Movers	18,225	8,820	9,405	x	x	x
Non-migrants	7,935	3,765	4,175	x	x	x
Migrants	10,290	5,055	5,235	x	x	x
Internal migrants	9,480	4,660	4,815	x	x	x
Intraprovincial migrants	6,000	2,825	3,180	x	x	x
Interprovincial migrants	3,475	1,835	1,635	x	x	x
External migrants	820	395	420	x	x	x

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

x

area and data suppression

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 37 referrer

Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Courtenay [Population centre], British Columbia and Purple Springs, UNP [Designated place], Alberta (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 26, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Courtenay [Population centre], British Columbia and Purple Springs, Unincorporated place [Designated place], Alberta

Census Profile, 2016 Census Courtenay [Population centre], British Columbia and Purple Springs, Unincorporated place [Designated place], Alberta

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Courtenay [Population centre], British Columbia and Purple Springs, Unincorporated place [Designated place], Alberta