Census Profile, 2016 Census
Duncan [Population centre], British Columbia and Wolfville, Town [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Duncan British Columbia [Population centre]			Wolfville, T Nova Scotia [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Duncan [Population centre], British Columbia Map : Duncan [Population centre], British Columbia Change geography 1			Data quality : Wolfville, Town [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	23,278	...	...	4,195	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	22,539 ^r	...	...	4,269	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	3.3	...	...	-1.7	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	10,435	...	...	2,585	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	9,975	...	...	1,972	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,070.5	...	...	649.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	21.74	...	...	6.46	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	23,280	11,085	12,190	4,195	1,870	2,325
0 to 14 years	3,860	1,965	1,895	390	185	210
0 to 4 years	1,200	630	575	130	65	65
5 to 9 years	1,355	675	675	115	60	60
10 to 14 years	1,310	660	645	145	60	80
15 to 64 years	13,925	6,660	7,260	2,655	1,240	1,410
15 to 19 years	1,330	655	675	250	120	130
20 to 24 years	1,075	560	520	600	270	325
25 to 29 years	1,160	590	570	285	165	125
30 to 34 years	1,350	635	715	165	80	85
35 to 39 years	1,280	620	660	170	80	90
40 to 44 years	1,255	575	685	155	70	90
45 to 49 years	1,330	615	720	195	95	100
50 to 54 years	1,650	790	855	285	120	170
55 to 59 years	1,760	820	940	265	130	135
60 to 64 years	1,735	805	925	290	120	170
65 years and over	5,495	2,465	3,035	1,150	445	710
65 to 69 years	1,675	805	870	315	155	160
70 to 74 years	1,215	540	675	225	85	135
75 to 79 years	965	450	510	220	90	125
80 to 84 years	735	325	410	145	55	95
85 years and over	905	340	565	245	55	180
85 to 89 years	535	220	315	140	40	100
90 to 94 years	275	100	175	80	15	65
95 to 99 years	75	20	60	20	5	15
100 years and over	20	5	15	0	0	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.7	15.5	9.3	9.9	9.0
15 to 64 years	59.8	60.1	59.6	63.3	66.3	60.6
65 years and over	23.6	22.2	24.9	27.4	23.8	30.5
85 years and over	3.9	3.1	4.6	5.8	2.9	7.7
Average age of the population	44.3	43.0	45.4	46.0	43.5	48.0
Median age of the population	46.2	44.6	47.7	47.4	42.8	50.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	9,975	...	...	1,970	...	...
Single-detached house	5,130	...	...	810	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	5	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	4,505	...	...	1,160	...	...
Semi-detached house	705	...	...	90	...	...
Row house	975	...	...	95	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	625	...	...	90	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,130	...	...	875	...	...
Other single-attached house	80	...	...	5	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	330	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	9,975	...	...	1,975	...	...
1 person	3,370	...	...	765	...	...
2 persons	3,565	...	...	770	...	...
3 persons	1,335	...	...	205	...	...
4 persons	1,035	...	...	180	...	...
5 or more persons	660	...	...	60	...	...
Number of persons in private households	22,490	...	...	3,940	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.0	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	19,420	9,125	10,295	3,805	1,690	2,115
Married or living common law	10,340	5,175	5,170	1,805	890	910
Married	8,150	4,075	4,070	1,460	720	740
Living common law	2,200	1,095	1,100	345	170	175
Not married and not living common law	9,075	3,955	5,125	2,000	800	1,200
Never married	4,845	2,595	2,250	1,270	620	650
Separated	785	315	470	100	50	55
Divorced	1,840	695	1,145	275	80	190
Widowed	1,600	350	1,250	355	45	310
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	6,405	...	...	1,035	...	...
2 persons	3,740	...	...	670	...	...
3 persons	1,270	...	...	180	...	...
4 persons	950	...	...	140	...	...
5 or more persons	440	...	...	45	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	6,405	...	...	1,035	...	...
Total couple families	5,015	...	...	875	...	...
Married couples	3,915	...	...	700	...	...
Common-law couples	1,095	...	...	175	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,390	...	...	160	...	...
Female parent	1,100	...	...	135	...	...
Male parent	290	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	5,015	...	...	875	...	...
Couples without children	2,910	...	...	570	...	...
Couples with children	2,105	...	...	305	...	...
1 child	885	...	...	125	...	...
2 children	825	...	...	135	...	...
3 or more children	395	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,390	...	...	160	...	...
1 child	830	...	...	100	...	...
2 children	385	...	...	50	...	...
3 or more children	175	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	4,960	2,230	2,735	1,260	515	745
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	9,975	...	...	1,975	...	...
One-census-family households	6,020	...	...	1,020	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	2,775	...	...	565	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	3,250	...	...	455	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	185	...	...	10	...	...
Non-census-family households	3,770	...	...	945	...	...
One-person households	3,370	...	...	760	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	400	...	...	185	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	22,745	10,825	11,920	3,970	1,825	2,150
English only	21,205	10,145	11,060	3,395	1,595	1,800
French only	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and French	1,395	620	780	555	220	330
Neither English nor French	140	60	80	20	5	15
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	22,745	10,825	11,920	3,970	1,820	2,145
English	22,365	10,655	11,710	3,885	1,790	2,095
French	225	110	120	60	25	35
English and French	20	10	5	10	5	5
Neither English nor French	135	55	80	20	5	15
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	235	110	125	65	25	35
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.6	1.4	1.6
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	22,745	10,820	11,915	3,965	1,820	2,145
Single responses	22,515	10,725	11,785	3,915	1,800	2,115
Official languages	20,635	9,875	10,765	3,515	1,600	1,910
English	20,375	9,745	10,625	3,455	1,575	1,875
French	265	125	140	60	25	35
Non-official languages	1,875	855	1,020	400	200	205
Aboriginal languages	130	60	75	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	0	5	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	125	55	70	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	115	55	65	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,740	795	950	405	200	200
Afro-Asiatic languages	50	25	20	25	20	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	45	30	20	25	20	5
Amharic	5	5	0	0	0	0
Arabic	40	20	20	20	15	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	5	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	40	20	25	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	5	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	40	15	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	135	45	95	5	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	0	5	0	0	0
Fijian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	15	0	15	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	100	40	60	5	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	35	15	20	5	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	25	10	15	5	0	0
Tamil	10	0	5	5	5	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,205	570	635	200	85	115
Albanian	0	0	0	10	5	10
Armenian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	110	55	60	40	20	20
Baltic languages	5	5	0	5	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Lithuanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	110	50	55	35	15	20
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	5	5	5	5	0	0
Czech	15	5	5	5	0	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	25	10	15	10	5	10
Russian	15	5	5	10	5	10
Serbian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ukrainian	35	20	15	5	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	5	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	530	235	295	90	35	55
Afrikaans	10	5	0	0	0	0
Danish	40	15	25	0	0	0
Dutch	185	80	105	35	15	20
Frisian	0	0	5	0	0	5
German	260	120	145	45	20	35
Icelandic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Swedish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	400	200	200	20	15	10
Indo-Aryan languages	390	195	200	15	10	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	5
Gujarati	5	5	0	0	0	0
Hindi	15	10	5	5	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	5	5	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	355	165	185	5	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	10	5	5	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	5	5	5	5	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	5	5	5	0	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	145	70	75	30	10	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	40	25	15	0	0	5
Portuguese	15	5	10	10	5	10
Romanian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Spanish	75	30	45	20	5	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	30	5	25	5	0	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	25	10	15	5	5	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	0	5	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	10	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	5	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	140	70	75	140	80	55
Chinese languages	135	65	70	135	80	55
Cantonese	60	30	30	15	5	5
Hakka	0	5	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	55	30	30	105	65	40
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	5	0	5	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	10	10	10	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	5
Thai	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	5	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	50	25	30	10	0	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Finnish	25	10	15	0	0	0
Hungarian	30	15	15	5	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	230	100	130	55	20	30
English and French	40	20	20	20	5	15
English and non-official language	175	75	105	35	15	20
French and non-official language	5	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	5	5	0	0	5
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	22,740	10,825	11,915	3,970	1,825	2,145
Single responses	22,415	10,665	11,745	3,910	1,790	2,115
Official languages	21,785	10,375	11,415	3,695	1,680	2,015
English	21,750	10,360	11,390	3,675	1,670	2,005
French	35	15	20	15	10	10
Non-official languages	625	290	335	215	110	105
Aboriginal languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	10	0	5	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	615	290	330	215	110	100
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	15	20	15	10	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	30	15	20	15	10	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	35	15	20	20	15	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	40	20	25	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	35	20	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	35	15	15	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	35	15	20	5	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	15	5	5	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	345	155	190	75	35	45
Albanian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	5	5	20	10	15
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	5	5	20	10	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	5	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	15	5	5
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	5	5	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	40	20	20	25	10	15
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	10	5	5	15	5	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	30	15	20	15	5	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	260	120	140	10	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages	255	115	140	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	5	0	5	5	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	235	105	130	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	10	0	5	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	0	0	10	5	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	5	0	0	5	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	40	20	20	20	5	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	0	5	0	5
Portuguese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Romanian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Spanish	35	15	20	15	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	0	5	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	25	10	10	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	5
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	5	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	5	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	90	50	45	100	60	40
Chinese languages	80	40	45	100	60	40
Cantonese	45	20	20	5	0	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	35	15	20	75	45	30
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	5	10	5	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	330	155	175	60	30	30
English and French	20	10	10	0	0	0
English and non-official language	300	145	160	60	30	35
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	0	5	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	22,745	10,825	11,915	3,970	1,825	2,150
None	21,480	10,260	11,220	3,625	1,655	1,975
English	265	125	145	115	60	55
French	220	80	140	85	40	50
Non-official language	760	350	410	135	60	70
Aboriginal	145	65	75	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	615	280	335	130	60	70
English and French	5	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	5	0	0	5	5	0
French and non-official language	15	5	5	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language	0	5	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	18,630	8,760	9,870	3,555	1,620	1,930
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	17,910	8,410	9,505	3,425	1,555	1,875
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,406	35,435	25,647	28,296	34,432	24,896
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	17,945	8,435	9,505	3,430	1,550	1,875
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,052	31,702	24,242	25,979	30,933	23,258
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	15,405	7,355	8,055	3,090	1,405	1,685
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,514	33,536	21,361	26,125	33,952	21,696
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	13,985	6,085	7,900	2,690	1,150	1,540
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,811	8,818	8,807	4,997	3,320	5,516
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	12,180	6,050	6,125	2,250	1,065	1,185
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,399	31,701	22,299	19,600	24,405	15,888
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	18,685	8,840	9,845	3,555	1,635	1,925
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	17,935	8,515	9,425	3,385	1,545	1,840
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,054	44,999	31,779	41,145	48,958	34,589
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	17,960	8,525	9,435	3,390	1,545	1,850
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,932	37,903	28,440	34,045	39,980	29,088
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	15,450	7,440	8,005	3,060	1,380	1,680
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,788	43,803	28,342	39,177	48,642	31,408
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	14,060	6,155	7,905	2,690	1,145	1,545
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,216	9,291	9,158	7,255	7,514	7,064
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	12,240	6,050	6,195	2,215	1,050	1,165
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,832	41,486	28,327	34,733	43,071	27,249
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	18,685	8,840	9,845	3,555	1,635	1,925
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	4,690	2,590	2,105	765	450	315
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	46,960	53,288	41,489	52,546	58,109	48,282
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	52,933	58,524	46,049	62,941	70,561	52,092
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	80.8	85.2	75.5	86.6	89.8	83.4
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	62.5	66.6	57.4	55.1	58.6	51.1
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	19.1	14.8	24.5	13.3	10.3	16.6
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	18,625	8,760	9,865	3,555	1,625	1,930
Without total income	715	350	365	125	70	60
With total income	17,915	8,410	9,505	3,425	1,550	1,870
Percentage with total income	96.2	96.0	96.4	96.3	95.4	96.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,550	1,125	1,425	555	250	310
$10,000 to $19,999	3,585	1,375	2,210	695	250	445
$20,000 to $29,999	2,970	1,100	1,870	530	215	325
$30,000 to $39,999	2,375	1,040	1,335	340	140	195
$40,000 to $49,999	1,835	865	970	275	125	155
$50,000 to $59,999	1,260	665	600	240	130	110
$60,000 to $69,999	975	600	375	175	90	80
$70,000 to $79,999	680	430	250	160	85	75
$80,000 to $89,999	540	355	180	120	70	55
$90,000 to $99,999	370	250	120	75	25	50
$100,000 and over	770	605	170	265	185	80
$100,000 to $149,999	585	455	130	190	130	55
$150,000 and over	190	150	40	70	50	20
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	18,625	8,760	9,870	3,555	1,625	1,930
Without after-tax income	685	325	360	125	70	55
With after-tax income	17,945	8,435	9,510	3,430	1,555	1,875
Percentage with after-tax income	96.3	96.3	96.4	96.5	95.7	97.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,655	1,180	1,480	580	250	335
$10,000 to $19,999	3,780	1,475	2,305	735	260	470
$20,000 to $29,999	3,455	1,340	2,115	590	240	350
$30,000 to $39,999	2,605	1,170	1,440	420	180	240
$40,000 to $49,999	1,900	950	950	320	165	155
$50,000 to $59,999	1,275	765	510	250	135	120
$60,000 to $69,999	855	550	310	175	90	85
$70,000 to $79,999	610	395	215	115	65	50
$80,000 and over	805	620	185	240	170	70
$80,000 to $89,999	310	240	75	90	65	25
$90,000 to $99,999	165	130	30	50	35	15
$100,000 and over	340	250	85	100	75	30
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	18,625	8,760	9,870	3,555	1,620	1,930
Without employment income	6,450	2,705	3,745	1,305	555	745
With employment income	12,175	6,050	6,125	2,250	1,065	1,185
Percentage with employment income	65.4	69.1	62.1	63.3	65.7	61.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,490	1,205	1,285	395	180	215
$5,000 to $9,999	945	380	570	360	130	235
$10,000 to $19,999	1,645	665	980	375	165	215
$20,000 to $29,999	1,520	665	850	250	110	140
$30,000 to $39,999	1,355	565	790	185	100	90
$40,000 to $49,999	1,085	505	580	130	65	55
$50,000 to $59,999	770	420	350	105	60	45
$60,000 to $69,999	630	400	230	85	40	45
$70,000 to $79,999	535	340	190	95	50	45
$80,000 and over	1,205	910	290	265	170	95
$80,000 to $89,999	410	265	140	50	35	20
$90,000 to $99,999	270	200	75	35	15	20
$100,000 and over	530	445	80	170	125	45
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	9,975	...	...	1,970	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	54,510	...	...	53,362	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	49,018	...	...	47,040	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	3,370	...	...	765	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,056	...	...	28,698	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	26,837	...	...	26,624	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	6,605	...	...	1,210	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	72,589	...	...	74,825	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	64,720	...	...	64,512	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	9,985	...	...	1,970	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	68,324	...	...	70,633	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	59,211	...	...	58,601	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	3,380	...	...	740	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	36,090	...	...	39,073	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,836	...	...	32,537	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	6,605	...	...	1,230	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	84,823	...	...	89,649	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	73,223	...	...	74,305	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	9,975	...	...	1,975	...	...
Under $5,000	135	...	...	65	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	145	...	...	50	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	430	...	...	80	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	600	...	...	140	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	635	...	...	130	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	550	...	...	105	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	555	...	...	105	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	535	...	...	80	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	540	...	...	95	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	525	...	...	70	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	810	...	...	155	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	760	...	...	125	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	660	...	...	110	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	570	...	...	85	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	460	...	...	85	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,075	...	...	470	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	845	...	...	165	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	525	...	...	90	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	460	...	...	110	...	...
$200,000 and over	240	...	...	100	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	9,975	...	...	1,970	...	...
Under $5,000	145	...	...	75	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	140	...	...	50	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	435	...	...	80	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	620	...	...	145	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	740	...	...	150	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	620	...	...	110	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	650	...	...	130	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	635	...	...	100	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	595	...	...	115	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	505	...	...	85	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	940	...	...	195	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	830	...	...	140	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	725	...	...	105	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	555	...	...	105	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	420	...	...	85	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,420	...	...	305	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	720	...	...	120	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	345	...	...	75	...	...
$150,000 and over	350	...	...	110	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	6,315	...	...	1,040	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	72,342	...	...	82,091	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	64,393	...	...	69,120	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	2,700	...	...	560	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	71,305	...	...	80,448	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	63,433	...	...	68,147	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	2,130	...	...	310	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,085	...	...	117,888	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	83,220	...	...	96,384	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,265	...	...	155	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	42,800	...	...	41,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	39,840	...	...	38,784	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	6,365	...	...	1,075	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	84,011	...	...	95,553	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	72,441	...	...	78,439	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	2,665	...	...	600	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	80,926	...	...	90,891	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	69,334	...	...	75,158	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	2,130	...	...	305	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	108,870	...	...	128,486	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	93,119	...	...	102,995	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,315	...	...	160	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,096	...	...	52,427	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,715	...	...	45,504	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	4,340	1,925	2,415	1,215	500	720
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	27,293	28,032	26,571	22,571	22,400	22,613
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	25,211	26,112	24,872	21,709	21,291	22,400
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	4,240	1,945	2,295	1,170	510	660
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	34,762	38,554	31,548	31,461	35,213	28,544
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	30,675	33,335	28,420	26,868	29,105	25,129
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	22,490	10,720	11,765	3,940	1,805	2,135
In the bottom half of the distribution	13,895	6,450	7,440	2,255	1,000	1,260
In the bottom decile	3,490	1,655	1,835	760	320	435
In the second decile	3,225	1,410	1,820	490	220	270
In the third decile	2,685	1,260	1,430	380	180	195
In the fourth decile	2,320	1,100	1,225	340	145	190
In the fifth decile	2,160	1,025	1,130	290	130	165
In the top half of the distribution	8,590	4,270	4,325	1,680	800	880
In the sixth decile	2,200	1,085	1,110	320	155	170
In the seventh decile	2,080	1,020	1,055	320	150	165
In the eighth decile	1,640	800	840	345	165	180
In the ninth decile	1,600	815	790	320	155	165
In the top decile	1,070	545	525	380	175	200
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	21,245	10,070	11,175	3,940	1,805	2,135
0 to 17 years	4,255	2,150	2,110	500	240	260
0 to 5 years	1,305	675	630	150	75	75
18 to 64 years	12,115	5,695	6,420	2,480	1,150	1,330
65 years and over	4,870	2,225	2,640	960	410	550
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	4,460	1,990	2,470	900	390	515
0 to 17 years	1,285	640	650	130	60	70
0 to 5 years	445	235	210	45	20	25
18 to 64 years	2,410	1,065	1,340	635	290	345
65 years and over	770	285	485	140	35	100
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	21.0	19.8	22.1	22.8	21.6	24.1
0 to 17 years (%)	30.2	29.8	30.8	26.0	25.0	26.9
0 to 5 years (%)	34.1	34.8	33.3	30.0	26.7	33.3
18 to 64 years (%)	19.9	18.7	20.9	25.6	25.2	25.9
65 years and over (%)	15.8	12.8	18.4	14.6	8.5	18.2
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	1,930	935	1,000	515	230	285
0 to 17 years	500	245	250	60	25	35
0 to 5 years	175	95	85	25	10	15
18 to 64 years	1,350	650	700	435	200	235
65 years and over	80	40	40	25	5	15
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	9.1	9.3	8.9	13.1	12.7	13.3
0 to 17 years (%)	11.8	11.4	11.8	12.0	10.4	13.5
0 to 5 years (%)	13.4	14.1	13.5	16.7	13.3	20.0
18 to 64 years (%)	11.1	11.4	10.9	17.5	17.4	17.7
65 years and over (%)	1.6	1.8	1.5	2.6	1.2	2.7
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	22,575	10,815	11,760	3,945	1,820	2,120
Official languages	22,380	10,725	11,655	3,925	1,815	2,110
English	22,380	10,725	11,660	3,925	1,815	2,115
French	1,500	675	825	535	175	360
Non-official languages	2,745	1,255	1,490	610	290	320
Aboriginal languages	260	115	150	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	10	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	245	110	140	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	240	105	135	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	10	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,480	1,140	1,340	615	290	320
Afro-Asiatic languages	60	35	30	40	25	20
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	60	35	25	45	25	15
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	60	35	25	40	25	15
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	40	20	20	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	40	20	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	170	65	110	20	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	25	0	25	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	10	0	10	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	140	50	90	15	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	60	35	25	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	40	30	20	0	0	0
Tamil	20	10	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,820	875	945	330	130	200
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	155	85	75	45	25	25
Baltic languages	10	10	0	0	10	0
Latvian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	155	75	75	45	20	30
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	20	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	40	15	25	15	0	15
Russian	10	10	0	15	0	10
Serbian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	15	10	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	10	0	10	0	0
Ukrainian	40	15	25	15	10	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	635	295	340	165	70	100
Afrikaans	25	10	15	0	0	0
Danish	20	0	15	0	0	0
Dutch	230	100	130	70	35	40
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	340	180	165	115	40	70
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Swedish	20	0	10	15	10	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	10	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	555	285	270	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	550	285	265	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	85	50	35	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	10	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	455	225	230	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	50	30	30	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	10	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	500	230	270	125	40	85
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	65	35	30	10	0	10
Portuguese	30	10	20	25	0	15
Romanian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Spanish	390	175	215	110	25	85
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	60	20	40	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	30	15	10	25	15	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	25	0	25	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	20	10	20	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	20	0	20	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	55	20	35	0	0	0
American Sign Language	35	0	30	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	20	15	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	155	60	95	175	105	75
Chinese languages	150	60	90	180	100	75
Cantonese	65	30	35	10	0	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	100	30	75	160	100	60
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	0	10	20	10	15
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	10	10	15	0	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	25	10	15	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	25	10	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	20	10	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	65	20	40	10	10	0
Estonian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Finnish	25	0	15	0	10	0
Hungarian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	22,575	10,820	11,760	3,940	1,820	2,120
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	21,675	10,405	11,270	3,645	1,670	1,980
Canadian citizens aged under 18	4,545	2,280	2,265	500	260	240
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	17,135	8,125	9,010	3,145	1,405	1,740
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	900	410	485	295	155	140
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	22,575	10,815	11,755	3,940	1,815	2,125
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	19,355	9,355	10,000	3,310	1,520	1,785
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	3,085	1,385	1,705	480	200	285
Before 1981	1,740	805	935	210	95	115
1981 to 1990	280	115	170	30	10	15
1991 to 2000	315	120	195	55	15	40
2001 to 2010	410	160	245	110	50	60
2001 to 2005	165	70	100	40	15	25
2006 to 2010	240	90	150	70	35	35
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	345	185	160	80	25	50
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	135	80	55	150	95	55
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	3,085	1,380	1,705	480	200	280
Under 5 years	430	185	245	60	15	40
5 to 14 years	605	315	285	80	15	55
15 to 24 years	795	360	435	70	40	30
25 to 44 years	1,075	455	620	205	90	120
45 years and over	185	60	120	70	35	40
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	3,085	1,380	1,700	480	200	280
Americas	490	210	285	75	20	55
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	10	0	10	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	10	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	10	0	0	10
Mexico	20	10	10	10	10	0
Peru	10	0	0	0	0	10
Trinidad and Tobago	10	10	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	355	150	205	50	10	40
Other places of birth in Americas	85	35	45	15	0	10
Europe	1,600	735	870	255	105	150
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	10	10	0	0	0
Croatia	10	10	0	0	0	0
France	15	10	10	0	0	0
Germany	175	95	75	40	10	25
Greece	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hungary	30	15	20	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	35	20	15	0	0	0
Italy	35	15	20	0	0	10
Netherlands	205	90	115	55	20	35
Poland	25	10	15	10	0	15
Portugal	15	0	15	0	0	0
Romania	40	20	25	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	10	10	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	0	10	10	10	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	835	400	440	115	55	60
Other places of birth in Europe	125	35	85	10	0	0
Africa	85	45	40	0	0	10
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	10	0	0	0	0
Kenya	20	10	20	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	30	0	20	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	30	25	0	0	0	0
Asia	810	355	460	135	70	70
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	90	30	60	65	40	25
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	10	0	0	0	0	0
India	340	150	190	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	15	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	30	15	10	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	35	15	15	0	0	0
Philippines	160	60	100	10	10	10
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	40	20	20	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	0	10	25	10	15
Viet Nam	25	15	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	55	40	20	35	20	20
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	95	45	50	10	0	10
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	345	180	160	80	25	50
Americas	35	10	30	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	10	0	10	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	50	35	20	15	0	15
France	0	0	0	0	0	10
Germany	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	10	10	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	10	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	20	10	10	0	0	10
Other places of birth in Europe	15	10	0	0	0	0
Africa	25	10	15	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	25	10	15	0	0	0
Asia	225	135	90	60	30	35
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	20	15	0	30	20	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	40	30	10	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	35	15	20	0	0	0
Philippines	65	40	25	10	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	40	15	25	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	20	10	15
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	15	10	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Australia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	22,575	10,815	11,755	3,940	1,820	2,125
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	3,380	1,530	1,850	670	325	345
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	4,470	2,125	2,350	515	240	270
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	14,725	7,160	7,560	2,755	1,250	1,505
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	1,395	605	795	285	110	175
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	615	290	320	200	85	110
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	245	140	110	70	45	20
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	370	155	215	130	40	85
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	635	230	410	75	25	55
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	130	75	55	0	0	10
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	15	15	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	22,575	10,820	11,755	3,940	1,815	2,120
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	3,610	1,695	1,915	155	70	80
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	3,535	1,670	1,865	145	70	75
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	2,975	1,445	1,530	70	35	30
Métis	550	225	330	70	30	40
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	10	10	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	45	15	30	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	30	10	25	0	0	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	18,965	9,120	9,845	3,785	1,750	2,040
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	22,575	10,815	11,760	3,940	1,820	2,125
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	2,745	1,325	1,425	45	20	20
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	19,825	9,490	10,335	3,895	1,800	2,100
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	22,575	10,815	11,760	3,940	1,820	2,125
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	1,945	955	990	25	15	10
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	1,930	950	980	25	15	10
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	1,860	915	950	15	10	0
Métis single ancestry	65	35	30	15	10	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	20	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	20	10	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	1,700	755	945	210	100	105
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	1,535	690	845	205	105	105
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,080	500	575	140	75	70
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	450	185	265	45	25	25
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	0	15	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	165	65	100	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	170	70	100	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	18,925	9,105	9,825	3,710	1,700	2,005
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	22,575	10,815	11,760	3,945	1,820	2,120
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	1,750	820	930	380	210	170
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	720	370	350	10	0	0
Chinese	220	100	120	200	115	85
Black	130	70	60	25	10	20
Filipino	240	85	150	10	0	10
Latin American	80	25	50	35	25	15
Arab	55	35	20	35	30	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	100	45	50	25	10	10
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	30	20	10	20	15	10
Japanese	115	40	75	10	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	45	15	30	10	0	10
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	25	10	10	0	0	10
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	20,820	9,990	10,825	3,565	1,610	1,950
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	22,575	10,820	11,755	3,940	1,820	2,125
North American Aboriginal origins	3,650	1,715	1,935	235	120	115
First Nations (North American Indian)	3,125	1,490	1,635	160	80	80
Inuit	10	10	0	15	0	10
Métis	700	295	410	60	30	30
Other North American origins	6,220	2,975	3,240	1,350	575	775
Acadian	15	10	10	65	15	55
American	505	245	260	85	35	55
Canadian	5,865	2,815	3,050	1,245	535	710
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	15	10	10	20	20	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	10	0	10	0	10	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	16,290	7,625	8,660	2,960	1,375	1,585
British Isles origins	12,520	5,745	6,775	2,465	1,150	1,315
Channel Islander	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	8,465	3,820	4,655	1,365	610	760
Irish	3,790	1,650	2,145	1,020	460	560
Manx	10	0	10	0	0	0
Scottish	5,705	2,525	3,180	1,265	545	720
Welsh	895	425	475	125	55	70
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	655	260	395	175	75	100
French origins	2,205	950	1,255	380	160	220
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	2,210	955	1,260	375	160	220
Western European origins (except French origins)	4,340	2,155	2,180	785	350	435
Austrian	215	120	95	30	20	15
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	115	60	60	15	0	15
Dutch	1,410	675	735	255	90	165
Flemish	15	15	0	0	0	0
Frisian	15	10	10	10	0	0
German	3,015	1,515	1,500	530	240	290
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	100	40	60	15	10	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	2,055	950	1,105	105	55	50
Danish	335	140	195	25	20	0
Finnish	215	120	100	0	10	0
Icelandic	210	100	110	0	0	0
Norwegian	735	315	420	40	15	25
Swedish	705	330	375	30	20	15
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	90	35	50	15	10	15
Eastern European origins	2,325	1,090	1,235	240	80	160
Bulgarian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Byelorussian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	100	35	65	15	0	10
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	50	25	30	10	0	10
Estonian	0	10	0	10	10	0
Hungarian	215	100	115	30	10	15
Latvian	25	15	10	10	0	0
Lithuanian	20	10	15	0	0	10
Moldovan	20	0	20	0	0	0
Polish	630	300	330	90	25	65
Romanian	165	90	75	10	0	10
Russian	425	205	220	25	0	15
Slovak	45	25	20	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,045	455	590	100	40	65
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	30	15	15	10	0	0
Southern European origins	1,100	540	560	150	70	80
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	55	35	20	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	60	35	30	30	20	10
Italian	660	320	340	50	20	30
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	15	15	10	10	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	100	40	60	20	0	15
Serbian	35	25	10	0	0	10
Sicilian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Slovenian	15	10	10	15	10	10
Spanish	210	100	115	25	10	15
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	20	15	0	10	10	10
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	115	55	60	80	30	50
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	50	25	25	45	15	25
Roma (Gypsy)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	50	25	30	35	10	20
Caribbean origins	90	35	50	25	0	15
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	40	10	25	20	10	10
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	180	90	90	55	30	15
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	40	20	20	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Chilean	45	10	35	0	0	0
Colombian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	20	15	10
Guyanese	10	0	0	10	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	85	50	35	10	10	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	200	95	105	35	20	15
Central and West African origins	20	10	10	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	25	10	15	10	10	0
Algerian	10	0	0	0	10	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	10	0	0	10	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	10	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	85	25	55	0	0	10
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	25	10	15	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	45	0	40	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	20	15	10	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	70	45	30	25	15	10
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	60	35	25	25	15	10
Asian origins	1,620	750	870	380	215	165
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	115	65	50	120	70	50
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	15	10	10	10	10	0
Armenian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	10	10	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	30	10	20	60	30	30
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Syrian	45	35	10	10	10	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	25	10	15
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	740	375	365	10	0	10
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	700	345	350	10	10	10
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	10	0	10	0	0	0
Punjabi	35	25	15	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	760	315	450	260	145	110
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	290	125	165	210	125	85
Filipino	245	90	150	15	10	10
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	35	10	25	25	10	10
Japanese	115	35	75	10	10	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	30	20	10	10	10	10
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	20	10	10	0	10	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	10	25	10	15
Thai	30	10	20	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	50	25	25	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Oceania origins	185	85	105	0	0	0
Australian	95	30	70	0	0	0
New Zealander	60	40	25	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	30	15	15	0	0	0
Fijian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Hawaiian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	9,990	...	...	1,975	...	...
Owner	6,600	...	...	930	...	...
Renter	3,345	...	...	1,050	...	...
Band housing	40	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	9,990	...	...	1,970	...	...
Condominium	1,695	...	...	135	...	...
Not condominium	8,295	...	...	1,835	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	9,990	...	...	1,970	...	...
No bedrooms	45	...	...	10	...	...
1 bedroom	1,235	...	...	395	...	...
2 bedrooms	3,040	...	...	645	...	...
3 bedrooms	3,415	...	...	540	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,250	...	...	380	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	9,990	...	...	1,970	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	2,730	...	...	720	...	...
5 rooms	1,820	...	...	305	...	...
6 rooms	1,490	...	...	210	...	...
7 rooms	1,200	...	...	205	...	...
8 or more rooms	2,740	...	...	535	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	5.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	9,990	...	...	1,970	...	...
One person or fewer per room	9,885	...	...	1,960	...	...
More than 1 person per room	105	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	9,990	...	...	1,975	...	...
Suitable	9,610	...	...	1,910	...	...
Not suitable	380	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	9,990	...	...	1,975	...	...
1960 or before	1,540	...	...	400	...	...
1961 to 1980	3,125	...	...	630	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,445	...	...	225	...	...
1991 to 2000	2,140	...	...	220	...	...
2001 to 2005	455	...	...	185	...	...
2006 to 2010	835	...	...	130	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	450	...	...	170	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	9,990	...	...	1,970	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	9,290	...	...	1,870	...	...
Major repairs needed	700	...	...	100	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	9,990	...	...	1,970	...	...
1 household maintainer	6,405	...	...	1,180	...	...
2 household maintainers	3,375	...	...	745	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	205	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	9,990	...	...	1,970	...	...
15 to 24 years	230	...	...	295	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,130	...	...	230	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,425	...	...	185	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,810	...	...	260	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,015	...	...	355	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,740	...	...	330	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,130	...	...	235	...	...
85 years and over	510	...	...	90	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	9,665	...	...	1,965	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	6,955	...	...	1,355	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	2,710	...	...	610	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,415	...	...	485	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	6,405	...	...	925	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	57.8	...	...	46.5	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	16.9	...	...	14.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	910	...	...	935	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,047	...	...	1,108	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	324,467	...	...	299,123	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	337,166	...	...	314,332	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,265	...	...	1,045	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	14.5	...	...	15.2	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	50.0	...	...	45.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	849	...	...	803	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	919	...	...	880	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	18,685	8,840	9,845	3,560	1,635	1,925
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,970	1,940	2,030	345	195	150
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	5,745	2,790	2,960	865	385	485
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	8,970	4,115	4,855	2,340	1,055	1,290
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,055	1,520	535	150	100	50
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	910	530	375	90	55	30
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,145	985	165	65	40	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	3,565	1,210	2,360	480	215	265
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	675	215	460	65	20	40
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	2,675	1,175	1,505	1,650	720	930
Bachelor's degree	1,700	700	1,005	890	360	530
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	290	125	170	100	20	75
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	100	50	50	30	20	10
Master's degree	520	250	270	415	155	260
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	65	50	20	215	150	60
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	11,320	5,310	6,010	1,780	860	920
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,625	865	760	105	65	40
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	3,550	1,805	1,745	250	120	125
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,150	2,645	3,500	1,430	680	750
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,370	1,000	370	90	70	20
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	610	330	280	55	45	10
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	760	665	95	35	25	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	2,515	825	1,690	295	160	135
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	460	145	310	30	15	10
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,810	675	1,140	1,015	435	580
Bachelor's degree	1,195	445	745	530	220	315
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	210	65	140	55	10	50
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	75	30	45	20	15	0
Master's degree	315	120	200	265	95	175
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	25	15	15	145	95	45
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	18,685	8,835	9,845	3,555	1,635	1,925
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	9,720	4,725	4,995	1,215	580	635
Education	715	225	495	330	70	255
13. Education	715	225	495	325	75	260
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	275	115	160	105	45	65
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	45	45	10	15	15	0
50. Visual and performing arts	230	75	155	95	30	70
Humanities	330	110	215	270	125	150
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	45	10	35	20	10	10
23. English language and literature/letters	75	15	60	100	45	55
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	90	10	80	30	15	15
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	25	20	10	30	15	15
39. Theology and religious vocations	55	35	20	15	15	0
54. History	35	20	15	55	25	30
55. French language and literature/letters	10	0	0	25	0	20
Social and behavioural sciences and law	905	270	640	315	125	190
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	15	10	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	75	20	55	10	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	220	10	210	45	10	40
22. Legal professions and studies	160	40	115	30	20	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	10	10	10	10
42. Psychology	155	50	95	100	35	65
45. Social sciences	285	150	135	120	55	60
Business, management and public administration	1,490	490	995	305	125	190
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	140	40	100	20	10	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,345	450	895	285	115	175
Physical and life sciences and technologies	270	145	125	170	100	75
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	95	50	45	70	20	45
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	60	25	35	30	25	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	10
40. Physical sciences	90	70	20	70	45	25
41. Science technologies/technicians	25	0	20	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	210	140	70	90	50	45
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	170	120	45	35	30	0
25. Library science	10	0	15	15	0	20
27. Mathematics and statistics	25	20	0	35	15	25
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,915	1,820	100	265	250	15
04. Architecture and related services	30	10	20	20	20	10
14. Engineering	190	160	30	85	75	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	320	285	35	70	75	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	555	550	0	30	30	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	530	530	0	35	35	0
48. Precision production	300	290	10	15	20	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	245	160	85	95	45	50
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	150	95	45	45	20	25
03. Natural resources and conservation	100	65	35	50	25	25
Health and related fields	1,895	275	1,620	315	80	240
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	75	20	50	50	30	20
51. Health professions and related programs	1,800	245	1,555	260	50	210
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	20	10	10	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	715	360	360	80	55	25
12. Personal and culinary services	460	145	315	60	35	30
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	20	15	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	40	25	15	10	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	200	175	20	10	10	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	11,320	5,310	6,010	1,780	865	915
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	5,175	2,665	2,505	355	185	170
Education	400	115	280	155	30	120
13. Education	400	115	280	155	35	125
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	215	90	130	85	30	50
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	35	30	0	10	15	0
50. Visual and performing arts	180	60	125	70	20	55
Humanities	205	70	130	145	75	75
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	35	10	30	20	10	10
23. English language and literature/letters	35	10	20	55	20	35
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	60	10	55	25	10	15
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	15	0	10	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	35	20	10	10	10	0
54. History	20	0	10	25	10	15
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	10	10	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	695	145	550	180	65	120
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	0	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	65	10	50	0	10	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	205	10	200	25	0	20
22. Legal professions and studies	120	10	105	20	15	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	10	10	10	0
42. Psychology	95	25	70	50	10	40
45. Social sciences	195	90	105	70	25	40
Business, management and public administration	1,005	315	690	175	80	100
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	90	10	75	15	10	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	915	305	610	155	70	85
Physical and life sciences and technologies	180	80	100	115	60	55
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	60	25	30	45	10	35
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	45	15	30	10	10	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	0	0	0	10
40. Physical sciences	45	30	15	55	40	20
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	0	25	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	160	95	65	65	40	30
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	135	95	50	25	20	0
25. Library science	15	0	10	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	30	15	20
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,265	1,200	70	175	165	10
04. Architecture and related services	25	10	20	20	20	10
14. Engineering	110	90	20	45	45	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	200	180	20	45	45	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	390	385	0	20	20	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	335	335	0	30	20	10
48. Precision production	210	200	10	15	15	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	160	100	65	70	35	40
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	90	60	35	30	10	20
03. Natural resources and conservation	70	40	25	40	25	20
Health and related fields	1,375	200	1,175	190	55	130
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	55	10	45	30	20	0
51. Health professions and related programs	1,300	190	1,120	155	30	120
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	15	10	10	10	10	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	495	240	260	65	45	20
12. Personal and culinary services	345	120	225	50	25	20
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	25	10	15	10	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	115	95	20	10	10	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	18,685	8,840	9,845	3,555	1,635	1,920
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	9,715	4,725	4,995	1,215	580	635
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	8,970	4,115	4,855	2,340	1,055	1,290
Location of study inside Canada	7,840	3,605	4,230	2,005	885	1,115
Same as province or territory of residence	6,055	2,670	3,385	1,320	570	745
Different than province or territory of residence	1,780	930	850	685	320	370
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,130	505	620	335	165	170
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	240	125	115	120	70	45
Philippines	75	20	50	10	0	10
India	105	50	55	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	320	145	180	90	55	35
China^{Census data footnote 162}	20	10	10	30	20	15
France	10	0	0	10	0	0
Other	365	155	205	90	25	65
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	11,325	5,310	6,010	1,780	860	920
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,175	2,665	2,505	350	190	165
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	6,150	2,645	3,505	1,425	680	755
Location of study inside Canada	5,575	2,400	3,180	1,250	605	650
Same as province or territory of residence	4,525	1,865	2,665	835	410	425
Different than province or territory of residence	1,050	535	515	420	195	220
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	570	245	325	180	75	105
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	135	55	75	40	30	10
Philippines	60	15	45	10	0	10
India	60	30	35	0	10	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	95	45	50	35	20	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	20	10	15	20	10	10
France	0	0	0	0	0	10
Other	200	90	110	65	15	55
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	18,685	8,840	9,845	3,560	1,635	1,920
In the labour force	10,595	5,340	5,255	1,960	910	1,050
Employed	9,795	4,850	4,945	1,660	765	900
Unemployed	805	495	310	300	150	150
Not in the labour force	8,095	3,500	4,595	1,595	725	875
Participation rate	56.7	60.4	53.4	55.1	55.7	54.7
Employment rate	52.4	54.9	50.2	46.6	46.8	46.9
Unemployment rate	7.6	9.3	5.9	15.3	16.5	14.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	18,685	8,840	9,845	3,555	1,635	1,925
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	7,590	3,260	4,325	1,365	610	750
Worked	11,100	5,580	5,520	2,195	1,020	1,170
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	4,815	2,655	2,160	795	475	320
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	6,285	2,920	3,365	1,400	545	850
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.7	41.6	41.8	37.6	39.5	35.9
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	10,595	5,340	5,255	1,960	905	1,050
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	255	145	105	40	20	20
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	10,340	5,195	5,150	1,920	890	1,030
Employee	9,060	4,505	4,555	1,770	820	950
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	1,280	685	595	155	75	80
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	10,595	5,340	5,255	1,960	910	1,050
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	255	145	105	35	15	20
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	10,340	5,190	5,150	1,925	895	1,035
0 Management occupations	975	535	435	155	105	50
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,365	315	1,050	185	55	130
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	440	350	95	185	130	55
3 Health occupations	835	130	710	175	55	120
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,175	340	835	455	155	295
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	275	110	165	65	15	55
6 Sales and service occupations	2,875	1,170	1,710	505	210	290
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,690	1,625	65	85	80	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	330	280	50	65	40	25
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	370	335	35	50	45	10
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	10,595	5,340	5,250	1,960	910	1,050
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	250	150	105	40	15	20
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	10,340	5,195	5,150	1,925	895	1,030
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	360	285	70	75	35	40
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	100	95	10	20	20	0
22 Utilities	60	55	0	10	0	10
23 Construction	870	795	65	60	55	10
31-33 Manufacturing	815	670	150	100	75	20
41 Wholesale trade	170	125	40	30	25	10
44-45 Retail trade	1,655	785	870	145	75	75
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	275	230	45	30	25	0
51 Information and cultural industries	160	65	95	35	20	15
52 Finance and insurance	280	75	205	55	30	25
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	175	100	75	20	10	10
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	420	175	245	100	55	50
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	10	10	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	475	270	210	50	30	20
61 Educational services	720	220	505	410	145	265
62 Health care and social assistance	1,540	305	1,230	295	95	195
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	240	100	130	30	10	25
72 Accommodation and food services	990	370	620	235	95	145
81 Other services (except public administration)	475	195	280	85	35	50
91 Public administration	550	260	285	155	75	80
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	9,795	4,845	4,945	1,660	765	900
Worked at home	555	210	340	135	60	75
Worked outside Canada	25	15	0	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	1,420	1,040	380	130	75	55
Worked at usual place	7,795	3,580	4,210	1,400	630	765
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	7,795	3,580	4,215	1,395	630	770
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	2,990	1,275	1,715	625	255	370
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	3,735	1,660	2,080	525	230	295
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	965	565	405	215	120	95
Commute to a different province or territory	100	80	15	40	25	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	9,215	4,620	4,595	1,530	705	830
Car, truck, van - as a driver	7,320	3,730	3,590	1,020	480	540
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	645	320	325	100	25	75
Public transit	185	80	105	30	10	20
Walked	695	275	420	335	150	180
Bicycle	165	95	70	25	15	15
Other method	210	125	85	20	20	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	9,220	4,620	4,600	1,530	700	825
Less than 15 minutes	4,475	1,860	2,615	640	245	395
15 to 29 minutes	2,855	1,530	1,325	600	305	295
30 to 44 minutes	675	420	255	115	35	80
45 to 59 minutes	435	270	160	40	25	15
60 minutes and over	775	540	235	135	85	50
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	9,220	4,620	4,595	1,530	700	825
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	660	470	185	40	30	10
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,565	915	650	165	85	80
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,250	1,145	1,100	395	195	200
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	2,085	835	1,250	480	205	280
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,060	370	690	200	80	130
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,595	870	720	250	120	130
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	11,525	5,735	5,785	2,270	1,060	1,215
Single responses	11,465	5,715	5,755	2,265	1,055	1,215
Official languages	11,440	5,690	5,750	2,255	1,050	1,210
English	11,435	5,690	5,745	2,240	1,045	1,185
French	0	0	10	20	0	20
Non-official languages	25	20	10	10	0	10
Aboriginal languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	10	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	25	20	0	10	0	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	10	10	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	10	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	0	10	0	10
Chinese languages	0	10	0	10	0	10
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	55	20	35	0	10	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	10	0
English and non-official language	45	20	25	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	11,520	5,735	5,790	2,275	1,055	1,215
None	11,275	5,640	5,635	2,175	1,030	1,140
English	15	0	10	20	0	20
French	85	45	45	60	20	40
Non-official language	130	40	85	20	10	10
Aboriginal	65	15	45	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	65	30	40	20	10	15
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	15	0	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	22,365	10,705	11,660	3,905	1,800	2,105
Non-movers	19,125	9,145	9,980	3,030	1,405	1,630
Movers	3,235	1,560	1,675	880	395	480
Non-migrants	1,770	860	915	450	170	280
Migrants	1,460	705	760	425	230	195
Internal migrants	1,295	610	685	375	195	185
Intraprovincial migrants	1,075	520	560	250	145	110
Interprovincial migrants	220	95	125	125	50	70
External migrants	165	90	75	50	35	15
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	21,355	10,170	11,185	3,805	1,740	2,065
Non-movers	12,275	5,840	6,440	1,870	840	1,035
Movers	9,080	4,330	4,750	1,935	900	1,030
Non-migrants	5,095	2,460	2,635	655	305	350
Migrants	3,985	1,870	2,115	1,280	600	685
Internal migrants	3,510	1,625	1,890	1,065	485	575
Intraprovincial migrants	2,655	1,225	1,430	650	315	335
Interprovincial migrants	855	400	455	410	175	235
External migrants	475	245	230	220	115	110

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Duncan [Population centre], British Columbia and Wolfville, T [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 25, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Duncan [Population centre], British Columbia and Wolfville, Town [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Duncan [Population centre], British Columbia and Wolfville, Town [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Duncan [Population centre], British Columbia and Wolfville, Town [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia