Census Profile, 2016 Census
Fergus [Population centre], Ontario and Le Haut-Saint-Laurent, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Fergus Ontario [Population centre]			Le Haut-Saint-Laurent, MRC Quebec [Census division]
	Data quality , Fergus [Population centre], Ontario Map : Fergus [Population centre], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Le Haut-Saint-Laurent, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	20,767	...	...	22,454	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	19,335 ^r	...	...	21,197	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	7.4	...	...	5.9	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	8,249	...	...	12,016	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	8,145	...	...	9,666	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,175.6	...	...	19.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	17.66	...	...	1,173.51	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	20,765	10,200	10,560	22,455	11,350	11,105
0 to 14 years	3,640	1,920	1,725	3,495	1,795	1,700
0 to 4 years	1,185	645	545	1,235	630	605
5 to 9 years	1,255	635	620	1,160	605	550
10 to 14 years	1,200	645	560	1,105	560	545
15 to 64 years	13,020	6,440	6,580	14,060	7,185	6,875
15 to 19 years	1,220	640	580	1,180	595	585
20 to 24 years	1,105	570	540	1,155	610	545
25 to 29 years	1,100	540	555	1,090	545	545
30 to 34 years	1,250	620	630	1,115	570	540
35 to 39 years	1,225	605	620	1,125	565	555
40 to 44 years	1,285	645	640	1,150	575	575
45 to 49 years	1,360	680	675	1,440	750	690
50 to 54 years	1,605	790	815	1,895	960	935
55 to 59 years	1,500	730	770	2,130	1,080	1,045
60 to 64 years	1,380	620	760	1,780	930	850
65 years and over	4,105	1,850	2,255	4,895	2,370	2,530
65 to 69 years	1,290	600	690	1,705	880	830
70 to 74 years	860	395	465	1,295	665	630
75 to 79 years	720	320	400	795	390	405
80 to 84 years	535	260	270	565	225	335
85 years and over	700	270	430	535	205	330
85 to 89 years	430	195	235	355	155	205
90 to 94 years	225	65	160	140	45	95
95 to 99 years	40	5	35	35	10	30
100 years and over	0	0	5	5	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.5	18.8	16.3	15.6	15.8	15.3
15 to 64 years	62.7	63.1	62.3	62.6	63.3	61.9
65 years and over	19.8	18.1	21.4	21.8	20.9	22.8
85 years and over	3.4	2.6	4.1	2.4	1.8	3.0
Average age of the population	42.3	40.9	43.6	44.4	43.8	44.9
Median age of the population	43.3	41.5	44.9	48.4	48.0	48.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	8,145	...	...	9,670	...	...
Single-detached house	5,470	...	...	8,140	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	110	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	2,560	...	...	1,380	...	...
Semi-detached house	485	...	...	295	...	...
Row house	550	...	...	30	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	95	...	...	355	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,415	...	...	650	...	...
Other single-attached house	15	...	...	45	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	5	...	...	150	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	8,145	...	...	9,665	...	...
1 person	1,985	...	...	2,945	...	...
2 persons	3,010	...	...	3,740	...	...
3 persons	1,220	...	...	1,305	...	...
4 persons	1,330	...	...	1,025	...	...
5 or more persons	600	...	...	650	...	...
Number of persons in private households	20,250	...	...	22,045	...	...
Average household size	2.5	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	17,125	8,280	8,840	18,960	9,555	9,400
Married or living common law	10,870	5,460	5,405	11,275	5,640	5,630
Married	9,205	4,625	4,575	7,175	3,585	3,585
Living common law	1,665	835	835	4,105	2,055	2,045
Not married and not living common law	6,250	2,815	3,435	7,685	3,915	3,775
Never married	3,605	1,985	1,620	4,885	2,820	2,065
Separated	485	195	295	280	150	130
Divorced	935	355	580	1,235	640	595
Widowed	1,225	275	950	1,285	300	985
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	6,125	...	...	6,565	...	...
2 persons	3,150	...	...	3,810	...	...
3 persons	1,225	...	...	1,250	...	...
4 persons	1,270	...	...	985	...	...
5 or more persons	485	...	...	520	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	6,130	...	...	6,565	...	...
Total couple families	5,350	...	...	5,550	...	...
Married couples	4,515	...	...	3,505	...	...
Common-law couples	835	...	...	2,050	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	780	...	...	1,010	...	...
Female parent	595	...	...	725	...	...
Male parent	185	...	...	285	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	5,350	...	...	5,550	...	...
Couples without children	2,700	...	...	3,190	...	...
Couples with children	2,650	...	...	2,365	...	...
1 child	970	...	...	980	...	...
2 children	1,205	...	...	885	...	...
3 or more children	475	...	...	495	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	780	...	...	1,015	...	...
1 child	450	...	...	620	...	...
2 children	255	...	...	270	...	...
3 or more children	75	...	...	125	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,620	1,150	1,470	3,905	2,080	1,825
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	8,145	...	...	9,665	...	...
One-census-family households	5,870	...	...	6,345	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	2,580	...	...	3,115	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	3,295	...	...	3,230	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	130	...	...	110	...	...
Non-census-family households	2,145	...	...	3,210	...	...
One-person households	1,980	...	...	2,950	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	165	...	...	265	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	20,265	10,010	10,260	22,160	11,230	10,930
English only	18,885	9,430	9,455	3,570	1,760	1,815
French only	5	0	0	7,660	3,770	3,895
English and French	1,345	560	785	10,915	5,695	5,225
Neither English nor French	30	15	15	10	10	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	20,265	10,010	10,260	22,160	11,230	10,935
English	20,045	9,920	10,130	7,490	3,760	3,730
French	170	70	100	14,430	7,335	7,095
English and French	15	5	10	225	120	105
Neither English nor French	30	15	10	10	5	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	180	70	110	7,610	3,825	3,785
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.9	0.7	1.1	34.3	34.1	34.6
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	20,265	10,005	10,255	22,160	11,230	10,930
Single responses	20,130	9,950	10,175	21,695	10,985	10,705
Official languages	19,040	9,410	9,625	20,915	10,610	10,300
English	18,850	9,340	9,515	6,730	3,400	3,330
French	185	75	115	14,185	7,215	6,970
Non-official languages	1,090	540	550	780	375	405
Aboriginal languages	5	0	0	295	120	170
Algonquian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	5	0	5
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	285	120	160
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	285	120	165
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,085	540	550	490	255	235
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	5	10	5	5	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	15	10	5	5	0	0
Amharic	0	5	0	0	0	0
Arabic	5	5	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	5	0	0	0	0
Maltese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	10	10	0	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	30	15	20	15	10	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	0	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	10	5	5
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	5	10	5	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	5	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	15	10	10	5	0	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	5	5	5	5	0
Tamil	5	5	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	885	440	445	410	215	195
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	5	5	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	125	60	65	70	35	35
Baltic languages	10	5	5	5	0	5
Latvian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	5	0	5	0	0
Slavic languages	115	55	65	70	35	35
Belarusan	0	0	0	5	5	0
Bosnian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	5	5	5	0	5
Czech	20	10	15	5	0	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	35	20	15	10	5	5
Russian	20	10	15	20	10	15
Serbian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	0	0	5	5	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	5	10	5	0
Ukrainian	15	5	5	10	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Celtic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	5	0	0	0
Welsh	5	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	460	235	225	180	90	90
Afrikaans	5	5	0	0	5	0
Danish	15	10	5	0	0	0
Dutch	240	125	115	35	15	20
Frisian	15	5	5	0	0	0
German	170	85	85	140	80	60
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Swedish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	5	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	5	5	30	15	15
Indo-Iranian languages	100	60	40	5	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages	95	55	40	5	0	0
Bengali	5	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	20	10	10	0	0	0
Hindi	15	10	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	5	5	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	30	15	15	5	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	15	10	0	5	5	0
Iranian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	5	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	180	80	95	115	60	60
Catalan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Italian	65	35	35	45	25	20
Portuguese	35	15	25	5	0	10
Romanian	30	15	10	5	5	5
Spanish	45	15	25	55	30	25
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	10	5	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	5	5	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	0	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	5	5	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	40	15	20	25	5	20
Chinese languages	40	15	20	25	10	20
Cantonese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Hakka	5	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	5	10	25	10	15
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	5	0	0	5	0
Lao	0	0	0	5	0	0
Thai	0	5	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	45	25	25	20	10	5
Estonian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Finnish	5	5	5	0	0	5
Hungarian	30	10	15	15	15	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	140	60	80	465	240	225
English and French	50	20	30	400	200	195
English and non-official language	85	40	45	45	25	20
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	10	0
English, French and non-official language	5	0	0	15	5	5
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	20,265	10,010	10,255	22,165	11,230	10,935
Single responses	20,070	9,915	10,155	21,585	10,940	10,645
Official languages	19,810	9,795	10,020	21,375	10,825	10,550
English	19,785	9,780	10,005	7,450	3,750	3,700
French	25	10	15	13,925	7,080	6,850
Non-official languages	255	125	135	215	110	100
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	60	30	30
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	5	0	5
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	55	25	30
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	55	25	30
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	260	120	135	155	85	65
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	5	5	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	5	0	0	5	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	5	5	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	5	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	0	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tamil	5	5	5	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	160	75	90	120	70	55
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	35	15	20	25	15	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	30	10	20	25	15	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	5	0	5	5	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	5	5	5	0	5
Russian	10	5	5	10	5	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	45	20	25	40	20	20
Afrikaans	0	5	0	0	0	0
Danish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	25	10	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	10	5	5	40	20	20
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	0	0	10	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	45	20	25	5	5	0
Indo-Aryan languages	45	20	25	5	5	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	15	5	5	5	0	5
Hindi	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	5	5	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	10	10	5	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	5	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	35	15	20	40	30	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	5	5	10	5	5
Portuguese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Romanian	20	10	10	5	5	5
Spanish	10	5	5	25	20	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	5	5	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	5	5	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	5	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	5	5	5	5	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	0	5	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	10	10	15	10	10
Chinese languages	15	5	10	20	5	10
Cantonese	10	5	5	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	5	5	15	10	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	5	5	5	5	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	5	0	5	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	195	90	105	575	290	285
English and French	15	5	15	445	225	220
English and non-official language	170	85	85	95	45	50
French and non-official language	0	0	0	25	15	10
English, French and non-official language	10	0	0	15	5	10
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	20,265	10,010	10,260	22,165	11,230	10,935
None	19,490	9,670	9,820	18,630	9,490	9,145
English	150	70	80	1,645	805	840
French	245	95	145	1,370	680	680
Non-official language	370	170	205	460	220	240
Aboriginal	0	0	0	275	125	150
Non-Aboriginal	370	170	200	185	90	90
English and French	0	0	0	20	10	5
English and non-official language	0	0	0	20	10	10
French and non-official language	5	0	5	20	10	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	16,610	8,085	8,525	18,575	9,410	9,165
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	16,125	7,860	8,265	17,870	9,075	8,795
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,192	48,661	33,408	27,202	31,112	23,610
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	16,130	7,860	8,275	17,875	9,075	8,800
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,842	42,182	30,336	25,069	28,120	22,410
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	15,230	7,535	7,695	14,905	7,740	7,170
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,125	46,434	28,741	24,416	29,097	19,954
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	10,975	4,750	6,225	14,600	7,235	7,365
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,059	4,168	6,818	8,642	7,679	9,452
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	12,445	6,395	6,045	11,665	6,280	5,390
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,207	48,110	31,081	25,496	29,060	22,125
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	16,690	8,065	8,630	18,570	9,430	9,145
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	16,135	7,800	8,335	17,810	9,075	8,730
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	48,118	57,184	39,638	34,242	39,073	29,219
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	16,150	7,800	8,350	17,810	9,080	8,735
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,340	47,058	34,069	29,287	32,679	25,760
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	15,240	7,480	7,760	14,915	7,775	7,145
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,157	54,892	35,780	31,603	37,535	25,149
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	10,860	4,620	6,245	14,520	7,235	7,290
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,112	7,671	8,439	9,534	8,711	10,350
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	12,425	6,345	6,085	11,670	6,355	5,310
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,147	54,313	35,593	31,615	35,460	27,015
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	16,690	8,065	8,630	18,570	9,430	9,145
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	6,405	3,740	2,665	5,460	3,215	2,250
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	55,563	61,250	48,437	38,409	41,501	34,010
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	63,080	69,584	53,955	43,816	48,403	37,261
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	89.1	92.1	85.0	77.3	81.9	71.3
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	73.8	77.8	68.6	60.5	63.7	56.3
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	10.9	7.8	15.0	22.7	18.1	28.7
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	16,610	8,085	8,525	18,570	9,410	9,165
Without total income	485	225	260	705	335	370
With total income	16,125	7,860	8,265	17,870	9,075	8,795
Percentage with total income	97.1	97.2	97.0	96.2	96.4	96.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,780	720	1,060	2,700	1,215	1,485
$10,000 to $19,999	2,240	765	1,475	3,845	1,655	2,190
$20,000 to $29,999	2,005	790	1,215	3,185	1,510	1,675
$30,000 to $39,999	1,990	865	1,125	2,650	1,415	1,235
$40,000 to $49,999	1,880	910	970	2,025	1,110	915
$50,000 to $59,999	1,690	875	820	1,195	705	490
$60,000 to $69,999	1,250	735	520	750	460	290
$70,000 to $79,999	815	525	295	520	325	195
$80,000 to $89,999	640	410	230	360	225	130
$90,000 to $99,999	610	345	260	180	120	65
$100,000 and over	1,220	920	305	460	340	120
$100,000 to $149,999	870	650	225	330	240	85
$150,000 and over	350	270	80	135	100	40
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	16,610	8,085	8,525	18,575	9,410	9,165
Without after-tax income	480	225	250	695	330	365
With after-tax income	16,130	7,860	8,275	17,880	9,075	8,795
Percentage with after-tax income	97.1	97.2	97.1	96.3	96.4	96.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,865	740	1,120	2,790	1,240	1,550
$10,000 to $19,999	2,330	805	1,530	4,050	1,770	2,285
$20,000 to $29,999	2,415	980	1,435	3,855	1,895	1,960
$30,000 to $39,999	2,515	1,145	1,370	3,190	1,755	1,440
$40,000 to $49,999	2,300	1,165	1,135	1,760	1,010	750
$50,000 to $59,999	1,605	930	675	1,030	615	415
$60,000 to $69,999	1,040	680	365	545	335	210
$70,000 to $79,999	830	505	325	270	185	90
$80,000 and over	1,240	905	330	385	275	115
$80,000 to $89,999	470	330	145	135	90	45
$90,000 to $99,999	240	175	65	75	60	15
$100,000 and over	525	405	120	175	125	50
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	16,610	8,085	8,525	18,575	9,410	9,165
Without employment income	4,170	1,690	2,480	6,905	3,135	3,775
With employment income	12,445	6,400	6,045	11,670	6,275	5,390
Percentage with employment income	74.9	79.2	70.9	62.8	66.7	58.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,580	725	860	1,820	950	865
$5,000 to $9,999	975	395	580	1,035	445	590
$10,000 to $19,999	1,345	530	815	2,010	975	1,035
$20,000 to $29,999	1,155	460	700	1,755	855	900
$30,000 to $39,999	1,270	540	730	1,610	875	740
$40,000 to $49,999	1,350	675	675	1,225	705	520
$50,000 to $59,999	1,215	670	545	715	455	255
$60,000 to $69,999	920	565	355	455	310	140
$70,000 to $79,999	620	425	200	370	220	150
$80,000 and over	2,000	1,410	590	665	480	185
$80,000 to $89,999	500	315	185	230	165	70
$90,000 to $99,999	520	320	205	140	90	50
$100,000 and over	980	775	205	295	225	70
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	8,145	...	...	9,665	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	83,103	...	...	50,777	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	72,143	...	...	46,058	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	1,985	...	...	2,945	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,552	...	...	25,360	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,163	...	...	24,112	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	6,160	...	...	6,720	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	99,399	...	...	64,256	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	85,231	...	...	57,327	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	8,200	...	...	9,665	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	94,679	...	...	63,098	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	79,454	...	...	53,967	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,030	...	...	2,950	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	45,595	...	...	32,618	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,848	...	...	28,227	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	6,170	...	...	6,715	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	110,857	...	...	76,481	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	92,838	...	...	65,268	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	8,145	...	...	9,665	...	...
Under $5,000	65	...	...	165	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	60	...	...	190	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	130	...	...	385	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	200	...	...	605	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	230	...	...	595	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	240	...	...	495	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	285	...	...	650	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	305	...	...	580	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	300	...	...	560	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	320	...	...	545	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	650	...	...	950	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	595	...	...	770	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	535	...	...	665	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	535	...	...	560	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	540	...	...	430	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,155	...	...	1,535	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,110	...	...	715	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	780	...	...	355	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	780	...	...	285	...	...
$200,000 and over	485	...	...	180	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	8,145	...	...	9,665	...	...
Under $5,000	70	...	...	180	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	60	...	...	195	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	135	...	...	385	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	205	...	...	635	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	270	...	...	660	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	280	...	...	585	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	355	...	...	740	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	370	...	...	705	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	365	...	...	610	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	415	...	...	610	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	730	...	...	1,085	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	680	...	...	905	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	690	...	...	680	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	665	...	...	485	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	590	...	...	340	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,260	...	...	875	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,050	...	...	470	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	575	...	...	205	...	...
$150,000 and over	635	...	...	200	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	6,045	...	...	6,545	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	99,234	...	...	64,146	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	84,969	...	...	57,220	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	2,540	...	...	3,050	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	86,114	...	...	57,104	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	74,929	...	...	51,345	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	2,680	...	...	2,380	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	122,438	...	...	83,121	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	103,288	...	...	73,126	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	730	...	...	950	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	61,312	...	...	44,565	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	55,381	...	...	41,195	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	6,035	...	...	6,515	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	110,978	...	...	76,858	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	92,882	...	...	65,514	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	2,520	...	...	3,025	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	97,592	...	...	72,442	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	81,812	...	...	60,589	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	2,675	...	...	2,380	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	135,560	...	...	93,674	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	112,506	...	...	80,203	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	755	...	...	960	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	69,134	...	...	48,959	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	60,120	...	...	44,201	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	2,365	1,045	1,320	3,480	1,875	1,605
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	38,437	43,605	35,072	24,047	25,779	22,848
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	34,213	37,778	31,659	23,296	24,064	22,379
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	2,415	1,035	1,380	3,525	1,905	1,620
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	44,015	46,841	41,894	31,010	33,588	27,970
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	37,562	39,525	36,089	26,933	28,574	24,999
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	20,250	10,005	10,245	22,045	11,190	10,855
In the bottom half of the distribution	7,970	3,735	4,235	15,390	7,750	7,640
In the bottom decile	920	410	505	2,845	1,470	1,380
In the second decile	1,210	515	700	3,345	1,605	1,745
In the third decile	1,695	780	915	3,710	1,855	1,855
In the fourth decile	1,920	930	985	3,040	1,575	1,460
In the fifth decile	2,230	1,105	1,130	2,450	1,245	1,200
In the top half of the distribution	12,280	6,265	6,015	6,655	3,445	3,215
In the sixth decile	2,495	1,270	1,225	2,160	1,110	1,045
In the seventh decile	2,575	1,340	1,235	1,845	950	895
In the eighth decile	2,795	1,425	1,375	1,175	625	550
In the ninth decile	2,645	1,340	1,305	900	475	425
In the top decile	1,770	900	870	575	280	295
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	20,250	10,000	10,250	20,860	10,625	10,230
0 to 17 years	4,355	2,290	2,070	3,745	1,925	1,825
0 to 5 years	1,435	770	665	1,290	665	620
18 to 64 years	12,265	6,045	6,220	12,585	6,465	6,120
65 years and over	3,625	1,665	1,960	4,530	2,240	2,285
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,460	625	830	3,820	1,915	1,905
0 to 17 years	355	165	190	725	375	345
0 to 5 years	120	55	70	245	120	125
18 to 64 years	820	365	455	2,170	1,130	1,045
65 years and over	280	95	190	925	410	515
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	7.2	6.3	8.1	18.3	18.0	18.6
0 to 17 years (%)	8.2	7.2	9.2	19.4	19.5	18.9
0 to 5 years (%)	8.4	7.1	10.5	19.0	18.0	20.2
18 to 64 years (%)	6.7	6.0	7.3	17.2	17.5	17.1
65 years and over (%)	7.7	5.7	9.7	20.4	18.3	22.5
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	615	285	330	1,230	690	545
0 to 17 years	140	65	75	170	80	90
0 to 5 years	45	20	25	55	25	30
18 to 64 years	440	215	230	980	575	405
65 years and over	35	10	30	80	35	45
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.0	2.9	3.2	5.9	6.5	5.3
0 to 17 years (%)	3.2	2.8	3.6	4.5	4.2	4.9
0 to 5 years (%)	3.1	2.6	3.8	4.3	3.8	4.8
18 to 64 years (%)	3.6	3.6	3.7	7.8	8.9	6.6
65 years and over (%)	1.0	0.6	1.5	1.8	1.6	2.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	20,365	10,030	10,335	22,045	11,190	10,855
Official languages	20,355	10,020	10,330	22,035	11,185	10,855
English	20,355	10,020	10,330	14,460	7,385	7,070
French	1,340	570	770	18,420	9,365	9,055
Non-official languages	1,505	730	770	1,565	770	795
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	500	225	275
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	485	215	270
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	490	220	270
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,500	730	770	1,065	545	520
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	0	0	10	10	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	0	0	10	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	10	10	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	30	10	20	10	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	25	0	20	0	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	45	15	30	10	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ilocano	30	15	15	0	0	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	35	0	25	10	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	10	25	10	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	10	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	0	15
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Dravidian languages	20	10	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tamil	15	10	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,230	610	620	915	480	440
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Balto-Slavic languages	135	80	55	105	60	45
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages	130	80	55	95	55	45
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	15	10	10	10	0	10
Czech	35	20	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	55	30	25	15	10	10
Russian	20	10	10	35	15	20
Serbian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	10	0	15	15	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	0	15	10	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	10	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	10	0	0
Germanic languages	555	260	295	230	110	120
Afrikaans	10	10	0	10	10	0
Danish	20	0	15	0	0	0
Dutch	260	125	135	20	10	20
Frisian	15	0	10	0	0	0
German	265	130	130	195	100	100
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	15	10	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	35	15	25	60	45	15
Indo-Iranian languages	125	75	50	25	10	15
Indo-Aryan languages	90	60	30	20	10	15
Bengali	10	10	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	35	20	15	10	10	10
Hindi	35	25	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	35	20	15	10	10	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	15	15	10	10	10	10
Iranian languages	35	10	25	10	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	35	15	25	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	400	205	195	535	270	265
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	70	45	25	95	65	40
Portuguese	70	40	35	35	25	15
Romanian	45	30	15	0	0	0
Spanish	225	95	130	425	200	220
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Japanese	10	10	0	10	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	10	10	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	45	30	20	30	20	10
American Sign Language	10	10	10	10	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	10	10	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	40	25	10	20	10	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	45	25	20	60	30	35
Chinese languages	45	25	20	65	30	30
Cantonese	30	15	20	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	10	10	50	30	20
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	0	0	10	0	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	0	0	0	10
Lao	0	0	0	0	10	0
Thai	10	0	10	10	10	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	55	15	40	10	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hungarian	55	15	40	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	20,365	10,030	10,335	22,045	11,190	10,855
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	19,815	9,760	10,060	21,855	11,095	10,760
Canadian citizens aged under 18	4,375	2,350	2,025	4,210	2,130	2,085
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	15,440	7,410	8,035	17,635	8,960	8,680
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	550	270	275	190	95	95
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	20,365	10,030	10,340	22,040	11,190	10,855
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	18,315	9,040	9,275	21,085	10,715	10,365
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	2,010	970	1,045	900	435	470
Before 1981	1,240	615	620	545	270	275
1981 to 1990	260	105	150	125	40	85
1991 to 2000	180	85	105	95	45	50
2001 to 2010	230	110	125	90	50	40
2001 to 2005	135	65	70	35	30	10
2006 to 2010	100	45	60	55	25	30
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	105	55	45	40	25	10
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	40	25	15	55	35	25
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	2,010	970	1,045	905	435	465
Under 5 years	340	180	160	140	70	70
5 to 14 years	450	245	205	135	65	70
15 to 24 years	470	190	280	255	120	135
25 to 44 years	685	320	365	305	135	165
45 years and over	70	35	35	65	40	20
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	2,015	970	1,040	900	435	470
Americas	190	75	125	240	65	175
Brazil	10	0	0	10	0	10
Colombia	10	0	10	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	10	0	0	10	0
Haiti	0	0	0	15	0	15
Jamaica	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mexico	0	0	0	10	0	10
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	130	45	80	175	35	130
Other places of birth in Americas	40	20	20	25	10	10
Europe	1,565	770	800	550	315	235
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	10	10	0
France	25	10	15	95	55	35
Germany	110	55	55	90	40	45
Greece	10	0	0	15	15	0
Hungary	20	10	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	50	30	25	0	10	0
Italy	30	30	10	35	20	10
Netherlands	235	120	115	10	10	0
Poland	40	25	15	10	10	0
Portugal	25	10	20	10	0	10
Romania	50	35	15	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	15	0	10
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	10	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	855	400	455	80	50	35
Other places of birth in Europe	105	60	50	180	100	75
Africa	35	20	20	30	20	10
Algeria	0	0	0	15	10	10
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	25	15	10	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	10	10	10	10	0
Asia	210	110	105	65	25	40
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	10	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	20	10	10	10	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	10	0	0	0	0	0
India	70	40	25	0	0	10
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	10	10	0	10	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pakistan	35	20	15	15	0	10
Philippines	40	10	20	10	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	30	10	30	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	0	10	10	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	10	0	10	0	10
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	100	60	45	40	30	10
Americas	10	0	15	10	0	10
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	10	0	10	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	10	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	45	30	10	15	15	0
France	0	0	0	0	10	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	20	15	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	10	10	0
Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	10	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	50	25	20	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	35	20	15	10	0	10
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Philippines	10	0	10	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	20,370	10,030	10,335	22,045	11,185	10,855
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	2,155	1,020	1,135	1,185	560	625
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	3,585	1,775	1,805	1,615	835	780
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	14,630	7,235	7,400	19,250	9,795	9,450
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	825	380	440	390	185	205
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	545	260	290	185	105	80
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	210	155	60	110	75	45
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	335	105	225	75	35	40
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	215	85	130	185	75	115
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	60	35	20	15	10	15
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	20,370	10,030	10,335	22,045	11,185	10,855
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	390	190	200	1,470	695	770
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	340	165	175	1,425	695	735
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	185	80	110	1,310	610	695
Métis	135	80	55	110	75	30
Inuk (Inuit)	20	10	10	15	10	10
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	40	20	20	20	10	15
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	15	10	10	25	0	20
Non-Aboriginal identity	19,980	9,840	10,135	20,575	10,490	10,085
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	20,365	10,030	10,335	22,045	11,190	10,855
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	85	45	45	1,255	580	670
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	20,275	9,990	10,290	20,785	10,605	10,180
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	20,370	10,030	10,340	22,045	11,190	10,855
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	60	30	30	1,335	655	685
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	60	30	30	1,335	650	685
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	45	20	30	1,330	645	680
Métis single ancestry	10	15	0	10	10	10
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	595	260	330	775	330	450
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	570	255	310	745	315	430
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	405	170	240	615	250	365
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	135	80	55	110	55	55
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	35	15	20	15	10	10
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	25	0	20	30	15	15
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	0	20	25	15	15
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	10
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	19,710	9,735	9,975	19,930	10,205	9,725
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	20,365	10,030	10,335	22,045	11,190	10,855
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	570	270	305	260	110	155
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	180	95	80	45	20	25
Chinese	85	35	50	40	15	25
Black	95	40	50	90	35	55
Filipino	50	20	30	25	10	15
Latin American	20	0	20	35	15	20
Arab	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	35	0	35	10	10	10
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	0	0	0	10	0
Japanese	40	20	20	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	15	15	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	40	30	10	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	19,795	9,760	10,030	21,780	11,080	10,705
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	20,365	10,035	10,340	22,040	11,190	10,855
North American Aboriginal origins	655	295	365	2,115	980	1,135
First Nations (North American Indian)	475	190	290	1,975	910	1,060
Inuit	30	10	20	20	10	10
Métis	170	95	80	155	75	75
Other North American origins	6,755	3,450	3,300	14,130	7,130	7,000
Acadian	15	10	10	60	25	40
American	265	140	130	255	130	125
Canadian	6,585	3,380	3,205	13,695	6,900	6,790
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	30	25	10	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	315	165	155
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	10	0	0	0
European origins	16,815	8,185	8,625	10,190	5,240	4,950
British Isles origins	13,145	6,325	6,820	5,385	2,670	2,715
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	7,770	3,710	4,060	2,170	1,015	1,150
Irish	5,475	2,520	2,950	2,605	1,275	1,330
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	10
Scottish	6,565	3,110	3,455	2,695	1,365	1,335
Welsh	730	365	365	55	15	30
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	795	360	435	215	90	125
French origins	1,820	880	940	5,265	2,745	2,515
Alsatian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	15	15	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	1,815	875	940	5,255	2,740	2,515
Western European origins (except French origins)	5,550	2,705	2,845	1,335	705	625
Austrian	110	45	70	70	30	40
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	55	25	30	175	80	95
Dutch	1,930	870	1,060	310	180	135
Flemish	10	0	10	15	10	10
Frisian	10	0	0	0	0	0
German	3,645	1,815	1,830	610	330	280
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	225	130	90	280	145	135
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	555	270	280	165	80	85
Danish	175	75	100	25	0	20
Finnish	85	50	35	35	20	15
Icelandic	45	10	30	0	0	0
Norwegian	115	60	55	80	30	55
Swedish	140	75	65	40	25	15
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	1,700	810	890	550	270	280
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Czech	105	55	45	40	15	20
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	35	15	20	10	0	10
Estonian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	290	160	135	100	50	45
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	65	30	40	15	10	10
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	680	290	385	150	90	60
Romanian	85	55	30	30	20	15
Russian	165	75	85	105	50	55
Slovak	35	15	20	45	15	25
Ukrainian	520	250	270	135	70	70
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Southern European origins	1,320	675	650	645	355	285
Albanian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	65	50	15	10	10	10
Cypriot	10	0	10	0	0	0
Greek	130	55	70	80	55	25
Italian	835	445	395	450	250	200
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	0	10	10	10	0
Maltese	60	40	20	10	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	115	55	65	25	10	15
Serbian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Slovenian	20	0	20	0	0	0
Spanish	120	55	70	80	35	45
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	10	10	0	30	15	15
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	65	30	35	45	25	20
Basque	0	0	0	10	0	0
Jewish	45	25	20	20	10	10
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	10	0	0	25	10	10
Caribbean origins	90	40	45	85	40	40
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	30	0	30
Jamaican	50	20	30	40	20	15
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	150	60	85	70	30	40
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	15	10	10
Bolivian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Chilean	35	20	15	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	15	15	10	25	20	0
Guyanese	25	15	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	20	10	10	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	15	0	10
Mexican	20	0	10	10	10	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	20	10	10	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	85	50	40	20	10	15
Central and West African origins	15	0	10	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	10
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	15	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	10	0	0	10	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	50	30	20	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	45	25	15	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	10	10	0	10	10	10
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	10	0	0	10	10	0
Asian origins	565	285	285	185	90	100
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	75	45	30	35	20	15
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	15	0	15	10	15	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	15	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	25	15	10	15	10	10
Palestinian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	10	0	10	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	205	115	95	40	15	25
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	20	15	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	130	75	55	40	15	25
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	15	10	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	70	35	35	10	0	10
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	285	130	165	115	55	60
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Chinese	115	45	65	70	30	40
Filipino	55	20	30	25	10	20
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	65	45	25	0	10	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	10	10	10	10	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	35	10	30	15	10	15
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	15	0	10	15	0	0
Australian	20	10	10	10	10	10
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	8,200	...	...	9,670	...	...
Owner	6,415	...	...	7,555	...	...
Renter	1,785	...	...	2,050	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	8,200	...	...	9,665	...	...
Condominium	635	...	...	130	...	...
Not condominium	7,565	...	...	9,535	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	8,200	...	...	9,670	...	...
No bedrooms	20	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	710	...	...	880	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,915	...	...	2,965	...	...
3 bedrooms	3,630	...	...	3,575	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,925	...	...	2,250	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	8,200	...	...	9,665	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,520	...	...	2,050	...	...
5 rooms	1,110	...	...	1,885	...	...
6 rooms	1,395	...	...	1,765	...	...
7 rooms	1,250	...	...	1,325	...	...
8 or more rooms	2,925	...	...	2,635	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.7	...	...	6.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	8,200	...	...	9,665	...	...
One person or fewer per room	8,170	...	...	9,615	...	...
More than 1 person per room	35	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	8,200	...	...	9,665	...	...
Suitable	8,000	...	...	9,430	...	...
Not suitable	200	...	...	240	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	8,200	...	...	9,670	...	...
1960 or before	1,840	...	...	3,890	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,885	...	...	2,885	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,085	...	...	1,080	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,250	...	...	705	...	...
2001 to 2005	855	...	...	345	...	...
2006 to 2010	420	...	...	380	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	875	...	...	390	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	8,200	...	...	9,665	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	7,825	...	...	8,560	...	...
Major repairs needed	370	...	...	1,105	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	8,200	...	...	9,670	...	...
1 household maintainer	4,355	...	...	6,535	...	...
2 household maintainers	3,755	...	...	3,055	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	95	...	...	75	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	8,200	...	...	9,665	...	...
15 to 24 years	135	...	...	220	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,000	...	...	1,040	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,375	...	...	1,200	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,580	...	...	1,860	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,740	...	...	2,250	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,270	...	...	1,920	...	...
75 to 84 years	795	...	...	915	...	...
85 years and over	305	...	...	260	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	8,195	...	...	8,800	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	6,605	...	...	7,050	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,590	...	...	1,755	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,405	...	...	1,580	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	6,415	...	...	6,840	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	61.8	...	...	54.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	13.0	...	...	14.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,343	...	...	718	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,353	...	...	824	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	364,335	...	...	199,933	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	395,446	...	...	239,428	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,785	...	...	1,975	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	12.9	...	...	9.4	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	42.4	...	...	39.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	987	...	...	602	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,043	...	...	625	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	16,695	8,065	8,630	18,575	9,430	9,140
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,590	1,420	1,175	5,360	3,110	2,250
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	5,135	2,540	2,590	4,670	2,215	2,465
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	8,970	4,105	4,865	8,540	4,110	4,430
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,370	1,015	350	3,515	2,160	1,360
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	595	360	235	2,260	1,210	1,050
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	775	660	120	1,255	950	305
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,155	1,605	2,545	2,800	1,050	1,755
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	290	145	140	495	225	265
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	3,155	1,335	1,825	1,730	670	1,060
Bachelor's degree	2,150	865	1,290	1,250	445	805
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	235	95	140	165	95	70
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	55	15	45	30	20	15
Master's degree	610	295	315	270	105	160
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	100	65	35	15	10	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	10,720	5,175	5,545	11,595	5,850	5,745
No certificate, diploma or degree	875	510	365	2,475	1,560	915
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	3,090	1,590	1,500	2,880	1,410	1,475
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,760	3,080	3,680	6,235	2,875	3,360
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	895	665	230	2,620	1,545	1,080
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	405	235	175	1,725	890	830
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	485	425	60	890	650	240
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	3,190	1,305	1,885	2,095	765	1,330
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	195	115	85	250	135	120
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	2,475	995	1,480	1,265	430	840
Bachelor's degree	1,745	690	1,050	950	300	655
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	165	60	105	90	45	45
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	50	10	40	0	0	10
Master's degree	460	200	260	200	70	130
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	55	35	20	15	10	10
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	16,695	8,060	8,630	18,575	9,430	9,140
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	7,720	3,960	3,765	10,035	5,320	4,710
Education	625	140	480	680	185	490
13. Education	625	140	480	675	185	495
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	335	165	170	230	90	140
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	35	20	20	25	25	0
50. Visual and performing arts	295	140	150	210	65	140
Humanities	575	230	340	335	150	180
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	45	10	40	35	0	35
23. English language and literature/letters	205	70	140	35	15	20
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	90	25	65	140	65	75
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	45	25	20	35	20	15
39. Theology and religious vocations	55	40	15	25	15	10
54. History	120	65	60	45	25	20
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	10	10	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,115	290	825	590	135	460
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	25	0	20	0	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	80	15	60	30	0	30
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	285	15	265	205	15	195
22. Legal professions and studies	115	35	80	70	10	60
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	40	0	35	15	0	20
42. Psychology	195	30	165	90	25	60
45. Social sciences	375	185	190	175	85	90
Business, management and public administration	1,500	515	995	1,595	435	1,160
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	195	40	150	110	25	85
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,310	470	835	1,490	415	1,075
Physical and life sciences and technologies	270	135	135	170	100	65
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	140	75	70	35	0	35
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	45	20	30	55	35	20
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	10	0	25	20	10
40. Physical sciences	50	35	15	40	40	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	10	15	10	10	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	185	95	85	185	80	100
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	115	75	35	140	70	70
25. Library science	10	0	10	25	0	20
27. Mathematics and statistics	45	20	35	20	10	15
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,900	1,750	155	2,160	2,010	145
04. Architecture and related services	65	40	30	35	15	20
14. Engineering	170	145	20	130	115	20
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	470	420	55	330	285	45
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	455	440	15	575	565	15
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	420	400	20	640	620	20
48. Precision production	315	300	15	450	425	35
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	415	285	135	545	400	145
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	275	190	80	515	380	140
03. Natural resources and conservation	145	90	55	30	25	10
Health and related fields	1,440	205	1,235	1,245	120	1,130
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	125	45	75	50	25	30
51. Health professions and related programs	1,305	160	1,150	1,185	90	1,095
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	15	0	10	10	0	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	610	295	315	800	395	405
12. Personal and culinary services	315	50	265	460	115	350
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	185	145	40	100	75	25
49. Transportation and materials moving	110	100	10	230	200	25
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	10	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	10,725	5,175	5,545	11,590	5,850	5,745
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	3,960	2,095	1,870	5,360	2,975	2,390
Education	465	105	360	415	115	295
13. Education	460	105	355	420	120	300
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	245	135	110	165	75	90
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	35	20	10	15	15	0
50. Visual and performing arts	215	115	100	145	55	90
Humanities	410	160	255	215	95	125
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	40	0	40	20	0	20
23. English language and literature/letters	155	50	105	15	10	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	70	20	45	100	40	60
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	15	10	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	25	20	10	30	15	15
39. Theology and religious vocations	30	20	10	15	15	10
54. History	75	40	35	30	15	15
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	860	215	645	485	100	385
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	0	20	10	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	60	15	40	25	0	30
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	225	10	220	175	10	175
22. Legal professions and studies	95	25	70	60	10	55
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	30	0	35	10	0	10
42. Psychology	155	30	135	60	15	45
45. Social sciences	280	135	140	145	70	70
Business, management and public administration	1,205	420	790	1,165	260	900
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	160	30	130	80	15	65
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,050	390	660	1,085	250	835
Physical and life sciences and technologies	210	105	105	75	40	35
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	120	65	55	30	0	25
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	40	20	25	15	10	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	10	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	30	20	10	25	25	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	160	85	70	145	55	90
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	110	75	35	120	55	70
25. Library science	0	0	0	20	0	15
27. Mathematics and statistics	35	10	25	10	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,365	1,240	125	1,575	1,455	115
04. Architecture and related services	45	20	25	20	0	10
14. Engineering	125	115	15	105	85	15
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	325	275	50	220	190	35
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	325	310	10	415	405	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	315	300	15	460	445	15
48. Precision production	225	205	15	350	320	30
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	340	215	120	430	305	120
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	210	135	75	395	280	115
03. Natural resources and conservation	125	80	45	35	25	10
Health and related fields	1,010	150	860	960	75	885
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	95	35	65	35	20	25
51. Health professions and related programs	905	115	790	925	60	860
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	10	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	495	260	230	605	290	315
12. Personal and culinary services	240	50	190	340	85	260
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	170	135	35	70	45	25
49. Transportation and materials moving	85	75	0	180	155	25
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	16,695	8,065	8,630	18,575	9,430	9,140
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,720	3,955	3,765	10,035	5,320	4,710
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	8,970	4,105	4,865	8,540	4,110	4,430
Location of study inside Canada	8,275	3,685	4,595	8,110	3,880	4,230
Same as province or territory of residence	7,785	3,470	4,320	7,500	3,565	3,935
Different than province or territory of residence	490	215	280	610	310	295
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	690	420	270	430	230	200
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	170	100	65	200	95	105
Philippines	20	10	15	10	0	10
India	40	20	15	10	10	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	240	170	70	10	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	10	10	0
France	10	0	0	40	25	15
Other	210	115	95	155	85	70
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	10,720	5,175	5,545	11,595	5,845	5,745
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,965	2,100	1,870	5,360	2,970	2,385
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	6,755	3,080	3,675	6,235	2,875	3,360
Location of study inside Canada	6,345	2,845	3,495	5,940	2,725	3,215
Same as province or territory of residence	5,970	2,685	3,290	5,455	2,485	2,970
Different than province or territory of residence	370	160	210	485	240	245
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	415	230	180	295	150	140
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	115	60	55	150	80	70
Philippines	25	10	15	10	10	0
India	40	20	20	10	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	100	75	25	0	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	10	10	10
France	0	0	0	25	15	0
Other	130	65	70	85	45	50
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	16,690	8,065	8,630	18,575	9,430	9,145
In the labour force	11,150	5,755	5,395	10,695	5,860	4,835
Employed	10,690	5,540	5,150	9,915	5,390	4,525
Unemployed	460	215	245	780	465	310
Not in the labour force	5,540	2,305	3,240	7,875	3,575	4,310
Participation rate	66.8	71.4	62.5	57.6	62.1	52.9
Employment rate	64.1	68.7	59.7	53.4	57.2	49.5
Unemployment rate	4.1	3.7	4.5	7.3	7.9	6.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	16,695	8,060	8,630	18,575	9,430	9,145
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	4,895	1,965	2,925	7,375	3,360	4,015
Worked	11,795	6,095	5,705	11,200	6,075	5,130
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	6,565	3,845	2,715	5,725	3,385	2,340
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	5,235	2,250	2,990	5,475	2,685	2,790
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.8	44.9	42.6	42.8	43.3	42.3
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	11,150	5,760	5,395	10,695	5,860	4,830
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	115	65	50	225	130	95
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	11,035	5,695	5,340	10,470	5,730	4,735
Employee	9,780	5,030	4,750	8,545	4,470	4,070
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	1,255	660	590	1,925	1,260	665
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	11,155	5,755	5,395	10,695	5,860	4,835
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	115	60	55	225	130	95
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	11,035	5,695	5,340	10,470	5,730	4,740
0 Management occupations	1,130	740	395	1,365	975	390
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,525	400	1,120	1,350	305	1,045
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	530	390	135	240	170	65
3 Health occupations	780	90	685	685	65	615
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,385	455	930	1,050	235	815
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	435	195	240	195	80	120
6 Sales and service occupations	2,325	915	1,405	1,930	720	1,205
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,835	1,710	130	2,380	2,235	145
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	260	185	80	655	505	150
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	830	610	225	620	440	185
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	11,150	5,760	5,395	10,695	5,860	4,835
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	115	65	50	225	125	95
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	11,035	5,700	5,340	10,465	5,730	4,740
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	135	90	45	1,335	955	375
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	35	25	10	125	115	10
22 Utilities	60	50	10	35	25	0
23 Construction	930	810	120	875	815	65
31-33 Manufacturing	1,850	1,390	460	1,190	870	320
41 Wholesale trade	445	295	155	355	270	80
44-45 Retail trade	1,120	515	605	1,095	490	605
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	355	240	120	720	530	190
51 Information and cultural industries	155	105	55	75	45	35
52 Finance and insurance	405	135	275	195	40	150
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	160	85	75	80	50	30
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	690	355	340	375	140	240
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	465	235	230	360	270	85
61 Educational services	1,100	350	750	650	200	455
62 Health care and social assistance	1,265	165	1,095	1,260	120	1,140
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	295	140	155	230	105	125
72 Accommodation and food services	635	265	375	565	190	380
81 Other services (except public administration)	445	185	260	540	290	250
91 Public administration	475	255	225	410	215	200
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	10,690	5,540	5,150	9,915	5,395	4,520
Worked at home	655	310	345	1,320	770	545
Worked outside Canada	15	10	10	155	90	65
No fixed workplace address	1,085	790	300	1,040	815	215
Worked at usual place	8,940	4,440	4,500	7,405	3,710	3,695
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	8,940	4,435	4,505	7,405	3,710	3,690
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	3,890	1,675	2,220	1,540	710	835
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,940	1,525	1,415	2,080	940	1,140
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,085	1,220	865	3,675	2,015	1,665
Commute to a different province or territory	20	20	0	105	45	60
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	10,025	5,225	4,800	8,440	4,530	3,910
Car, truck, van - as a driver	8,570	4,560	4,010	7,470	4,085	3,385
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	570	265	315	300	135	165
Public transit	60	25	40	110	30	80
Walked	650	300	345	480	235	245
Bicycle	55	40	20	20	0	15
Other method	120	45	75	60	35	20
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	10,025	5,225	4,800	8,440	4,530	3,910
Less than 15 minutes	3,735	1,615	2,125	2,465	1,220	1,240
15 to 29 minutes	2,620	1,385	1,235	2,525	1,255	1,270
30 to 44 minutes	2,340	1,315	1,025	1,665	900	765
45 to 59 minutes	635	390	245	760	515	245
60 minutes and over	690	520	170	1,025	640	390
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	10,025	5,230	4,800	8,440	4,530	3,910
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	745	565	185	795	590	205
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,010	1,330	680	1,950	1,315	635
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,835	1,480	1,360	2,505	1,255	1,255
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	2,015	705	1,305	1,330	485	850
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	905	280	620	605	200	405
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,515	865	650	1,255	690	570
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	12,065	6,185	5,885	11,550	6,260	5,290
Single responses	12,020	6,165	5,855	10,550	5,830	4,715
Official languages	12,015	6,165	5,855	10,535	5,830	4,700
English	11,995	6,165	5,830	3,000	1,695	1,305
French	25	0	25	7,535	4,130	3,405
Non-official languages	10	0	10	20	0	15
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	15	0	15
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	15	10	10
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	10	0	0	0	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	10	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	45	10	25	1,005	425	575
English and French	30	0	20	980	425	555
English and non-official language	15	0	0	20	10	15
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	10
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	12,070	6,185	5,885	11,555	6,260	5,290
None	11,860	6,095	5,765	7,135	3,965	3,165
English	20	0	20	3,010	1,515	1,500
French	115	45	75	1,305	715	590
Non-official language	55	35	10	70	45	30
Aboriginal	0	0	0	35	10	30
Non-Aboriginal	50	35	15	35	30	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	25	20	0
French and non-official language	10	10	0	0	10	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	20,070	9,875	10,195	21,810	11,080	10,730
Non-movers	17,490	8,645	8,840	19,785	9,965	9,820
Movers	2,580	1,230	1,350	2,030	1,115	910
Non-migrants	1,025	475	555	625	350	275
Migrants	1,550	755	800	1,405	765	640
Internal migrants	1,475	710	765	1,325	710	615
Intraprovincial migrants	1,385	670	715	1,260	680	585
Interprovincial migrants	90	40	50	60	35	30
External migrants	80	40	35	75	50	25
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	19,115	9,365	9,745	20,830	10,565	10,260
Non-movers	11,820	5,825	5,990	15,180	7,725	7,455
Movers	7,295	3,540	3,755	5,650	2,840	2,810
Non-migrants	3,115	1,505	1,615	1,705	860	840
Migrants	4,175	2,035	2,140	3,945	1,980	1,970
Internal migrants	4,015	1,945	2,065	3,770	1,890	1,880
Intraprovincial migrants	3,760	1,835	1,925	3,620	1,820	1,800
Interprovincial migrants	255	110	140	150	75	75
External migrants	160	85	75	175	85	90

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Fergus [Population centre], Ontario and Le Haut-Saint-Laurent, MRC [Census division], Quebec (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 7, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Fergus [Population centre], Ontario and Le Haut-Saint-Laurent, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec

Census Profile, 2016 Census Fergus [Population centre], Ontario and Le Haut-Saint-Laurent, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Fergus [Population centre], Ontario and Le Haut-Saint-Laurent, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec