Census Profile, 2016 Census
Fredericton [Population centre], New Brunswick and Rossland [Population centre], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Fredericton New Brunswick [Population centre]			Rossland British Columbia [Population centre]
	Data quality , Fredericton [Population centre], New Brunswick Map : Fredericton [Population centre], New Brunswick Change geography 1			Data quality : Rossland [Population centre], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	59,405	...	...	3,219	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	56,663 ^r	...	...	3,134^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	4.8	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	28,776	...	...	1,539	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	26,328	...	...	1,377	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	712.9	...	...	1,125.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	83.33	...	...	2.86	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	59,405	28,280	31,125	3,220	1,650	1,570
0 to 14 years	9,005	4,505	4,500	610	315	290
0 to 4 years	3,000	1,500	1,505	195	115	85
5 to 9 years	3,005	1,505	1,500	205	110	95
10 to 14 years	3,000	1,505	1,500	210	95	110
15 to 64 years	40,015	19,365	20,650	2,205	1,125	1,080
15 to 19 years	3,310	1,655	1,655	175	95	80
20 to 24 years	5,290	2,625	2,660	120	65	55
25 to 29 years	4,425	2,245	2,175	185	90	95
30 to 34 years	4,055	2,000	2,060	225	110	115
35 to 39 years	3,790	1,840	1,955	265	135	125
40 to 44 years	3,855	1,830	2,030	270	140	130
45 to 49 years	3,810	1,805	2,005	240	125	120
50 to 54 years	4,060	1,940	2,115	200	105	100
55 to 59 years	3,860	1,830	2,030	255	120	135
60 to 64 years	3,560	1,590	1,965	275	140	130
65 years and over	10,385	4,410	5,975	410	215	195
65 to 69 years	3,235	1,480	1,755	150	85	60
70 to 74 years	2,415	1,085	1,330	105	50	50
75 to 79 years	1,855	830	1,025	80	45	35
80 to 84 years	1,375	545	830	45	25	25
85 years and over	1,510	470	1,035	35	15	25
85 to 89 years	890	315	575	20	10	10
90 to 94 years	485	120	360	15	5	10
95 to 99 years	125	35	95	0	0	0
100 years and over	10	0	10	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.2	15.9	14.5	18.9	19.1	18.5
15 to 64 years	67.4	68.5	66.3	68.5	68.2	68.8
65 years and over	17.5	15.6	19.2	12.7	13.0	12.4
85 years and over	2.5	1.7	3.3	1.1	0.9	1.6
Average age of the population	40.9	39.5	42.1	39.8	39.5	40.0
Median age of the population	39.8	38.0	41.4	40.8	40.7	41.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	26,330	...	...	1,375	...	...
Single-detached house	11,910	...	...	1,170	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	460	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	12,275	...	...	210	...	...
Semi-detached house	685	...	...	25	...	...
Row house	1,080	...	...	5	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	2,300	...	...	15	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	8,035	...	...	160	...	...
Other single-attached house	170	...	...	10	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	1,680	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	26,325	...	...	1,375	...	...
1 person	8,470	...	...	380	...	...
2 persons	9,835	...	...	510	...	...
3 persons	3,830	...	...	205	...	...
4 persons	2,940	...	...	225	...	...
5 or more persons	1,250	...	...	60	...	...
Number of persons in private households	58,150	...	...	3,220	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	50,400	23,770	26,625	2,610	1,335	1,275
Married or living common law	27,610	13,775	13,830	1,685	845	840
Married	22,205	11,075	11,135	1,260	635	635
Living common law	5,405	2,705	2,700	425	215	205
Not married and not living common law	22,790	9,995	12,795	925	490	435
Never married	14,995	7,760	7,235	605	355	255
Separated	1,570	620	945	80	40	35
Divorced	3,275	1,100	2,175	140	60	75
Widowed	2,950	520	2,435	105	35	70
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	16,300	...	...	960	...	...
2 persons	9,260	...	...	495	...	...
3 persons	3,370	...	...	200	...	...
4 persons	2,720	...	...	215	...	...
5 or more persons	950	...	...	50	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	16,300	...	...	960	...	...
Total couple families	13,505	...	...	835	...	...
Married couples	10,805	...	...	625	...	...
Common-law couples	2,705	...	...	210	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	2,795	...	...	120	...	...
Female parent	2,300	...	...	85	...	...
Male parent	495	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	13,505	...	...	835	...	...
Couples without children	7,430	...	...	435	...	...
Couples with children	6,075	...	...	400	...	...
1 child	2,635	...	...	140	...	...
2 children	2,530	...	...	210	...	...
3 or more children	905	...	...	50	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	2,800	...	...	125	...	...
1 child	1,830	...	...	60	...	...
2 children	735	...	...	55	...	...
3 or more children	230	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	13,575	6,185	7,390	515	300	220
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	26,330	...	...	1,375	...	...
One-census-family households	15,860	...	...	940	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	7,260	...	...	425	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	8,605	...	...	515	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	220	...	...	5	...	...
Non-census-family households	10,250	...	...	425	...	...
One-person households	8,475	...	...	380	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	1,775	...	...	50	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	58,665	28,015	30,655	3,220	1,650	1,570
English only	44,165	21,630	22,525	2,790	1,455	1,335
French only	190	95	95	0	0	0
English and French	13,675	5,995	7,680	430	195	230
Neither English nor French	640	295	345	5	5	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	58,665	28,015	30,655	3,220	1,655	1,565
English	53,580	25,710	27,870	3,105	1,595	1,510
French	4,115	1,855	2,260	110	55	55
English and French	345	165	185	5	0	0
Neither English nor French	630	285	345	5	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	4,285	1,940	2,355	115	60	55
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	7.3	6.9	7.7	3.6	3.6	3.5
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	58,670	28,015	30,650	3,220	1,650	1,565
Single responses	57,720	27,585	30,130	3,195	1,640	1,555
Official languages	52,345	24,850	27,490	3,020	1,560	1,460
English	48,255	23,010	25,250	2,905	1,500	1,405
French	4,085	1,845	2,240	115	60	55
Non-official languages	5,370	2,730	2,645	175	85	95
Aboriginal languages	60	30	30	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	55	25	30	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	50	25	25	0	0	0
Malecite	35	20	15	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	5,310	2,700	2,610	180	85	95
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,005	540	460	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	5	5	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,000	535	460	0	0	0
Amharic	40	20	15	0	0	0
Arabic	905	480	415	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	50	25	25	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	5	5	5	5	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	185	100	90	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	180	100	85	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	160	65	90	10	5	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	15	10	5	5	5	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	5	5	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	20	10	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	120	45	70	5	0	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	75	40	35	0	0	0
Kannada	10	5	5	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tamil	45	25	15	0	0	0
Telugu	15	10	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,110	1,060	1,055	130	60	75
Albanian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Armenian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	575	280	295	25	10	20
Baltic languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Lithuanian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	565	270	290	25	10	15
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Croatian	25	10	15	5	0	5
Czech	15	5	5	5	0	5
Macedonian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Polish	40	25	20	5	5	5
Russian	325	165	155	5	5	5
Serbian	75	35	35	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	20	5	15	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	5	5	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	45	20	25	5	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	340	155	185	65	30	40
Afrikaans	5	0	0	10	5	5
Danish	10	5	10	0	0	0
Dutch	100	50	50	15	5	10
Frisian	5	0	0	0	0	0
German	200	90	105	35	15	20
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	10	5	5	5	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	5	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	25	15	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	765	415	350	5	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages	450	250	205	5	5	0
Bengali	80	50	30	5	0	0
Gujarati	15	10	5	0	5	0
Hindi	95	45	50	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	5	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	25	10	10	0	0	0
Nepali	125	65	65	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	25	15	10	5	0	0
Sindhi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Urdu	65	40	30	0	0	0
Iranian languages	310	170	145	0	0	0
Kurdish	15	5	10	0	0	0
Pashto	20	10	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	280	150	130	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	375	185	195	25	10	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	40	20	20	15	5	10
Portuguese	60	20	30	5	0	5
Romanian	45	15	25	0	0	0
Spanish	235	120	115	10	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	20	5	20	0	0	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	310	160	150	5	5	0
Mongolic languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	140	75	65	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	5	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	5	5	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	15	10	5	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	0	5	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	45	20	25	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	5	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	40	30	15	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	0	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,175	590	585	15	10	5
Chinese languages	1,175	590	585	10	5	5
Cantonese	110	50	60	10	0	5
Hakka	10	5	5	0	0	0
Mandarin	920	465	455	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	55	25	30	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	65	30	30	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Burmese	0	0	0	10	5	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	20	5	15	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	20	10	15	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	5	0	0
Turkish	15	5	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	5	5	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	35	15	20	5	5	0
Estonian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Finnish	5	5	5	10	5	0
Hungarian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	950	435	515	25	15	15
English and French	550	240	315	10	5	10
English and non-official language	340	160	170	10	5	5
French and non-official language	35	20	20	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	25	15	10	0	5	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	58,670	28,015	30,650	3,220	1,655	1,565
Single responses	57,390	27,380	30,015	3,190	1,640	1,550
Official languages	53,930	25,605	28,325	3,145	1,615	1,530
English	51,725	24,605	27,120	3,080	1,585	1,495
French	2,205	995	1,205	65	30	35
Non-official languages	3,460	1,775	1,685	45	25	20
Aboriginal languages	10	10	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	10	10	5	0	0	0
Malecite	10	5	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,445	1,765	1,680	45	25	20
Afro-Asiatic languages	710	360	345	5	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	705	360	345	0	0	0
Amharic	15	10	10	0	0	0
Arabic	665	345	330	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	20	10	15	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	165	90	80	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	160	85	75	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	50	20	30	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	30	15	20	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	35	20	15	0	0	0
Kannada	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	20	10	5	0	0	0
Telugu	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,200	610	590	25	15	10
Albanian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Armenian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	400	200	195	5	0	0
Baltic languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	385	190	190	10	5	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Czech	5	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	5	5	0	5
Russian	260	135	130	0	0	0
Serbian	60	30	25	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	30	10	15	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	50	25	30	15	5	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	10	5	5
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	10	5	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	45	20	25	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	5	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	525	275	250	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	285	145	140	0	0	0
Bengali	55	30	25	0	0	0
Gujarati	15	5	5	0	0	0
Hindi	60	30	25	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	5	0	0	0
Marathi	10	5	5	0	0	0
Nepali	90	40	50	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	0	5	0	0	0
Sindhi	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	35	20	15	0	0	0
Iranian languages	240	130	110	0	0	0
Kurdish	10	5	0	0	0	0
Pashto	5	0	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	230	120	110	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	195	95	95	5	5	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Portuguese	25	10	15	0	0	0
Romanian	20	5	10	0	0	0
Spanish	135	75	60	10	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	245	130	115	5	5	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	65	25	35	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	5	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	30	10	15	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	5	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	5	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	930	480	450	15	10	5
Chinese languages	930	480	450	5	5	5
Cantonese	60	30	30	5	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	785	410	370	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	35	15	15	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	40	20	25	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	5	10	0
Burmese	0	0	0	10	5	5
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,275	635	640	30	15	15
English and French	390	190	200	5	0	0
English and non-official language	840	425	415	25	10	15
French and non-official language	15	5	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	45	15	20	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	58,665	28,015	30,650	3,220	1,650	1,565
None	52,235	25,065	27,170	2,990	1,555	1,435
English	2,405	1,170	1,235	75	40	35
French	2,460	1,040	1,415	90	35	50
Non-official language	1,435	675	755	65	25	40
Aboriginal	95	40	55	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,340	640	700	65	20	40
English and French	40	20	20	0	0	0
English and non-official language	45	20	25	0	0	0
French and non-official language	45	25	30	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	5	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	49,170	23,315	25,850	2,610	1,335	1,275
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	46,705	22,075	24,630	2,540	1,305	1,230
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,448	39,260	28,911	41,408	49,344	33,493
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	46,720	22,080	24,645	2,540	1,305	1,235
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,124	34,652	26,612	36,640	42,581	30,805
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	42,725	20,635	22,090	2,460	1,275	1,180
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,260	37,569	26,079	35,712	43,776	28,373
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	32,795	13,620	19,175	1,620	720	905
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,278	4,692	5,538	5,242	6,528	4,704
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	34,640	17,350	17,290	2,145	1,130	1,015
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,740	35,368	26,967	31,957	40,781	25,568
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	49,235	23,295	25,935	2,600	1,315	1,285
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	46,790	21,985	24,800	2,540	1,305	1,230
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,014	49,567	37,206	55,012	64,570	44,857
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	46,800	21,985	24,810	2,540	1,305	1,235
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,813	40,575	31,593	44,475	50,395	38,207
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	42,620	20,590	22,030	2,430	1,265	1,170
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,686	48,394	35,415	52,353	62,585	41,284
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	32,995	13,660	19,330	1,545	650	895
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,151	6,823	7,383	7,824	8,010	7,690
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	34,825	17,340	17,480	2,135	1,135	1,000
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,455	45,944	35,011	47,717	57,222	36,921
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	49,235	23,300	25,940	2,595	1,315	1,285
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	17,520	9,185	8,335	715	445	265
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	49,295	54,696	45,938	74,953	81,351	56,870
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	57,921	63,812	51,426	75,092	84,858	58,787
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	88.4	91.6	84.6	91.6	93.7	88.5
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	69.7	72.8	66.1	74.0	77.0	69.5
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	11.6	8.4	15.4	8.6	6.6	11.7
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	49,170	23,315	25,855	2,610	1,335	1,275
Without total income	2,465	1,240	1,225	75	30	40
With total income	46,700	22,075	24,625	2,540	1,305	1,230
Percentage with total income	95.0	94.7	95.2	97.3	97.8	96.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	6,510	2,890	3,625	295	120	170
$10,000 to $19,999	7,870	2,995	4,880	330	140	190
$20,000 to $29,999	6,990	2,810	4,175	305	110	195
$30,000 to $39,999	5,620	2,535	3,085	300	145	155
$40,000 to $49,999	4,930	2,280	2,650	275	145	130
$50,000 to $59,999	3,730	1,905	1,825	190	105	75
$60,000 to $69,999	2,930	1,625	1,300	140	70	70
$70,000 to $79,999	2,285	1,230	1,055	145	85	60
$80,000 to $89,999	1,635	925	715	135	80	55
$90,000 to $99,999	1,035	630	405	110	70	35
$100,000 and over	3,170	2,245	920	320	235	95
$100,000 to $149,999	2,215	1,540	675	230	160	70
$150,000 and over	960	710	255	90	70	25
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	49,170	23,315	25,855	2,610	1,335	1,275
Without after-tax income	2,450	1,240	1,210	75	30	45
With after-tax income	46,715	22,075	24,645	2,540	1,305	1,230
Percentage with after-tax income	95.0	94.7	95.3	97.3	97.8	96.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	6,800	2,925	3,875	305	130	170
$10,000 to $19,999	8,300	3,200	5,100	365	145	215
$20,000 to $29,999	8,155	3,395	4,760	365	150	215
$30,000 to $39,999	6,935	3,145	3,790	350	180	175
$40,000 to $49,999	5,505	2,725	2,780	285	160	125
$50,000 to $59,999	3,880	2,175	1,705	190	95	95
$60,000 to $69,999	2,700	1,470	1,230	175	100	80
$70,000 to $79,999	1,500	935	560	175	115	55
$80,000 and over	2,935	2,095	840	320	220	100
$80,000 to $89,999	975	670	310	100	65	40
$90,000 to $99,999	565	410	150	75	55	20
$100,000 and over	1,400	1,015	380	145	105	45
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	49,165	23,315	25,855	2,610	1,335	1,280
Without employment income	14,530	5,970	8,565	465	200	260
With employment income	34,640	17,350	17,290	2,145	1,130	1,020
Percentage with employment income	70.5	74.4	66.9	82.2	84.6	79.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	4,265	1,975	2,290	400	210	185
$5,000 to $9,999	3,175	1,420	1,755	150	65	85
$10,000 to $19,999	5,135	2,310	2,825	265	105	160
$20,000 to $29,999	4,460	2,045	2,410	220	90	130
$30,000 to $39,999	3,540	1,720	1,820	180	90	90
$40,000 to $49,999	3,370	1,565	1,800	125	65	65
$50,000 to $59,999	2,530	1,350	1,180	130	65	60
$60,000 to $69,999	2,130	1,175	955	95	40	55
$70,000 to $79,999	1,720	875	845	120	70	45
$80,000 and over	4,310	2,900	1,405	465	330	135
$80,000 to $89,999	1,210	720	490	115	65	55
$90,000 to $99,999	800	495	305	105	70	30
$100,000 and over	2,305	1,690	615	240	190	50
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	26,330	...	...	1,375	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	60,394	...	...	81,365	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	52,773	...	...	70,101	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	8,470	...	...	380	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,549	...	...	42,069	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,006	...	...	36,992	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	17,855	...	...	1,000	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	78,099	...	...	103,360	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	68,164	...	...	86,848	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	26,325	...	...	1,395	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	76,450	...	...	100,160	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	63,666	...	...	81,113	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	8,430	...	...	405	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	41,730	...	...	52,537	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,274	...	...	40,612	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	17,895	...	...	990	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	92,815	...	...	119,603	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	77,047	...	...	97,648	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	26,325	...	...	1,375	...	...
Under $5,000	540	...	...	15	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	760	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	655	...	...	30	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,225	...	...	35	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,305	...	...	35	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,260	...	...	50	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,320	...	...	45	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,260	...	...	60	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,265	...	...	65	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,230	...	...	65	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,265	...	...	95	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,015	...	...	85	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,730	...	...	95	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,500	...	...	85	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,220	...	...	70	...	...
$100,000 and over	6,785	...	...	550	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,360	...	...	170	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,630	...	...	115	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,655	...	...	160	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,135	...	...	105	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	26,325	...	...	1,375	...	...
Under $5,000	555	...	...	15	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	760	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	670	...	...	25	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,285	...	...	45	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,510	...	...	40	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,420	...	...	65	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,550	...	...	60	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,580	...	...	75	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,575	...	...	65	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,470	...	...	60	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,590	...	...	110	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,185	...	...	115	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,780	...	...	110	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,565	...	...	85	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,185	...	...	85	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,635	...	...	410	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,175	...	...	170	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,155	...	...	115	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,295	...	...	125	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	16,385	...	...	955	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	80,578	...	...	103,232	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	69,937	...	...	86,720	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	7,165	...	...	430	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,973	...	...	86,784	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,569	...	...	74,432	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	6,110	...	...	400	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	107,008	...	...	131,755	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	90,157	...	...	108,032	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.8	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	2,675	...	...	120	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	43,669	...	...	64,896	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	40,832	...	...	56,960	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	16,465	...	...	980	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	95,238	...	...	118,163	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	78,686	...	...	96,456	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	7,230	...	...	460	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	92,963	...	...	110,516	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	76,605	...	...	89,230	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	6,110	...	...	400	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	119,177	...	...	144,984	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	97,136	...	...	118,021	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,680	...	...	120	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,121	...	...	59,613	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,282	...	...	53,424	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	12,540	5,730	6,810	505	290	215
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	28,212	27,748	28,553	38,784	43,904	34,912
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	26,195	25,784	26,596	34,560	38,187	31,040
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	12,365	5,605	6,765	455	260	200
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	35,938	35,261	36,499	51,952	56,815	45,658
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	30,761	29,906	31,470	40,435	41,823	38,639
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	58,155	27,810	30,340	3,220	1,655	1,565
In the bottom half of the distribution	32,205	15,080	17,125	1,245	630	615
In the bottom decile	8,885	4,260	4,620	220	110	110
In the second decile	6,305	2,805	3,500	255	125	125
In the third decile	5,865	2,755	3,110	245	125	125
In the fourth decile	5,635	2,660	2,970	235	115	120
In the fifth decile	5,515	2,595	2,925	285	155	130
In the top half of the distribution	25,950	12,730	13,215	1,975	1,030	950
In the sixth decile	5,685	2,750	2,935	360	190	170
In the seventh decile	5,445	2,670	2,770	365	180	185
In the eighth decile	5,515	2,660	2,860	380	205	175
In the ninth decile	5,140	2,570	2,565	485	250	235
In the top decile	4,165	2,085	2,080	385	200	185
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	57,495	27,490	30,005	3,220	1,655	1,565
0 to 17 years	10,580	5,305	5,275	735	380	350
0 to 5 years	3,555	1,780	1,770	235	135	100
18 to 64 years	37,470	18,055	19,420	2,080	1,060	1,020
65 years and over	9,445	4,135	5,315	410	210	195
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	10,790	4,915	5,880	305	150	155
0 to 17 years	2,795	1,445	1,345	90	50	45
0 to 5 years	1,025	520	505	30	20	5
18 to 64 years	6,815	3,100	3,715	175	85	90
65 years and over	1,185	370	815	40	20	20
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	18.8	17.9	19.6	9.5	9.1	9.9
0 to 17 years (%)	26.4	27.2	25.5	12.2	13.2	12.9
0 to 5 years (%)	28.8	29.2	28.5	12.8	14.8	5.0
18 to 64 years (%)	18.2	17.2	19.1	8.4	8.0	8.8
65 years and over (%)	12.5	8.9	15.3	9.8	9.5	10.3
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	7,365	3,565	3,795	140	75	70
0 to 17 years	1,750	910	840	40	20	20
0 to 5 years	645	335	315	10	5	0
18 to 64 years	5,360	2,570	2,795	85	45	45
65 years and over	250	90	160	10	5	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	12.8	13.0	12.6	4.3	4.5	4.5
0 to 17 years (%)	16.5	17.2	15.9	5.4	5.3	5.7
0 to 5 years (%)	18.1	18.8	17.8	4.3	3.7	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	14.3	14.2	14.4	4.1	4.2	4.4
65 years and over (%)	2.6	2.2	3.0	2.4	2.4	0.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	58,250	27,865	30,390	3,235	1,645	1,590
Official languages	57,645	27,590	30,050	3,225	1,635	1,595
English	57,430	27,465	29,965	3,230	1,635	1,590
French	13,885	6,080	7,810	365	165	200
Non-official languages	7,290	3,640	3,650	400	190	210
Aboriginal languages	235	110	125	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	220	110	115	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	210	110	105	0	0	0
Malecite	145	70	75	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	70	35	35	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	15	0	15	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	15	0	15	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	7,065	3,530	3,535	400	190	210
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,345	675	670	15	10	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,345	675	670	15	10	10
Amharic	55	30	20	10	0	0
Arabic	1,090	545	545	10	0	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	200	95	110	0	0	0
Maltese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	10	0	15	10	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	275	155	125	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	270	155	120	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	170	65	100	10	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	0	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	30	15	20	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	120	55	65	10	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	155	75	75	0	0	0
Kannada	20	10	10	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	95	55	45	0	0	0
Telugu	65	35	35	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,435	1,650	1,780	295	135	160
Albanian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Armenian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	680	335	340	65	25	45
Baltic languages	10	10	0	10	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Lithuanian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	675	330	345	60	25	35
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Bulgarian	20	0	20	0	0	0
Croatian	25	0	20	0	0	0
Czech	20	10	15	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Polish	80	35	45	20	10	0
Russian	455	245	215	35	15	15
Serbian	35	25	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	0	0	10	0	0
Slovak	0	0	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ukrainian	75	25	50	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	30	15	20	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	15	10	10	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	655	325	330	100	55	50
Afrikaans	0	10	0	10	10	0
Danish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dutch	160	70	95	20	15	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	485	255	225	80	35	40
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Swedish	15	10	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	50	25	35	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	980	510	470	10	10	0
Indo-Aryan languages	650	350	300	10	10	0
Bengali	90	65	25	0	10	0
Gujarati	25	15	15	0	0	0
Hindi	320	165	155	10	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	15	10	0	0	0	0
Nepali	150	75	75	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	70	40	35	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15	10	0	0	0	0
Urdu	110	60	50	0	0	0
Iranian languages	350	175	175	0	0	0
Kurdish	45	15	20	0	0	0
Pashto	35	25	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	280	135	140	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,085	475	610	135	60	70
Catalan	10	0	0	10	0	10
Italian	100	30	70	30	0	25
Portuguese	85	45	40	15	10	10
Romanian	20	10	0	0	0	0
Spanish	935	415	520	85	50	35
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	85	30	55	0	0	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	405	210	190	30	25	10
Mongolic languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	270	170	105	0	0	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	10	0	0	0	0
Igbo	15	15	10	0	0	0
Lingala	10	10	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	50	30	20	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	55	35	20	10	0	10
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	35	20	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	110	60	50	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	85	25	60	0	0	0
American Sign Language	45	15	30	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	45	15	30	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,165	625	540	45	20	20
Chinese languages	1,160	625	535	20	0	10
Cantonese	95	55	40	0	0	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	1,005	555	450	15	10	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	30	10	20	0	0	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	65	35	35	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	60	35	20	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	30	10	20	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	20	15	10
Burmese	0	0	0	20	15	10
Karenic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	35	10	25	0	0	0
Lao	10	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	35	10	25	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	40	15	30	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	35	15	20	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	35	20	20	10	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hungarian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	30	25	10	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	58,245	27,860	30,390	3,235	1,640	1,590
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	54,225	25,780	28,450	3,100	1,560	1,540
Canadian citizens aged under 18	9,810	5,020	4,790	750	380	375
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	44,415	20,760	23,655	2,350	1,185	1,165
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	4,020	2,080	1,940	130	80	50
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	58,250	27,865	30,385	3,235	1,645	1,595
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	50,965	24,220	26,750	2,780	1,410	1,370
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	6,395	3,085	3,305	430	230	200
Before 1981	1,410	620	785	150	70	75
1981 to 1990	410	215	200	45	30	15
1991 to 2000	610	300	310	90	50	40
2001 to 2010	1,490	735	755	75	25	50
2001 to 2005	515	220	290	40	10	30
2006 to 2010	985	520	465	35	20	20
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	2,465	1,215	1,255	70	55	15
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	890	555	335	25	0	20
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	6,395	3,085	3,305	425	230	200
Under 5 years	815	355	460	70	40	30
5 to 14 years	1,380	650	730	45	20	25
15 to 24 years	1,095	505	585	70	25	50
25 to 44 years	2,565	1,265	1,300	245	145	100
45 years and over	525	305	220	0	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	6,395	3,085	3,310	430	230	200
Americas	950	440	505	65	35	25
Brazil	10	10	10	10	10	0
Colombia	35	25	10	0	0	0
El Salvador	55	35	15	0	0	0
Guyana	20	0	20	0	0	0
Haiti	10	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	15	10	0	0	0	0
Mexico	25	15	10	0	0	0
Peru	0	10	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	25	20	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	620	265	355	60	30	30
Other places of birth in Americas	145	65	80	0	0	0
Europe	1,550	700	850	200	90	105
Bosnia and Herzegovina	45	25	25	0	0	0
Croatia	10	0	10	0	0	0
France	70	30	40	0	0	0
Germany	195	85	115	20	10	10
Greece	15	10	0	0	0	0
Hungary	20	10	15	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	15	10	10	10	10	0
Italy	20	10	10	0	0	0
Netherlands	120	60	60	15	10	10
Poland	40	15	25	20	10	0
Portugal	15	10	0	0	0	0
Romania	10	10	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	50	35	20	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	115	50	70	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	645	290	350	105	40	60
Other places of birth in Europe	155	65	90	25	10	20
Africa	530	300	235	35	30	10
Algeria	10	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	40	25	15	0	0	0
Ethiopia	45	20	25	0	0	0
Kenya	20	15	0	0	0	0
Morocco	20	15	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	75	35	40	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	10	10	15	15	0
Other places of birth in Africa	305	170	130	20	10	0
Asia	3,315	1,630	1,680	80	35	35
Afghanistan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bangladesh	55	30	25	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	725	380	340	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	15	0	10	0	0	0
India	280	130	150	10	10	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	235	110	125	0	0	0
Iraq	50	25	30	0	0	0
Japan	15	10	15	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	375	210	170	25	15	0
Lebanon	145	80	65	0	0	0
Pakistan	70	30	40	0	0	0
Philippines	140	60	80	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	25	10	15	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	455	215	235	0	0	0
Taiwan	25	10	20	0	0	0
Viet Nam	250	130	120	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	460	210	250	35	10	25
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	50	20	35	50	35	20
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	2,465	1,215	1,255	75	60	20
Americas	140	80	65	10	10	0
Brazil	10	10	0	0	0	0
Colombia	15	15	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	10	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	55	30	25	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	50	25	25	0	0	0
Europe	225	130	105	30	25	0
France	10	10	0	0	0	0
Germany	20	15	0	10	10	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	20	10	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	50	25	25	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	60	35	25	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Europe	60	30	30	10	15	0
Africa	235	120	115	15	10	10
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	20	10	10	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	10	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ethiopia	40	25	20	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	40	15	25	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	130	70	60	0	0	0
Asia	1,860	885	975	15	15	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	0	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	405	205	200	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	60	20	35	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	120	65	60	0	0	0
Iraq	40	20	25	0	0	0
Israel	55	15	35	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	135	75	60	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	0	15	0	0	0
Nepal	40	10	25	0	0	0
Pakistan	30	10	15	0	0	0
Philippines	115	50	70	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	445	215	235	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	10	15	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	225	120	105	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	155	60	95	20	10	10
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	10	0	10	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	58,245	27,860	30,390	3,235	1,640	1,590
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	7,685	3,870	3,820	515	270	250
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	5,205	2,440	2,765	680	320	360
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	45,360	21,555	23,800	2,040	1,055	985
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	5,005	2,465	2,540	280	160	120
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	3,250	1,720	1,530	125	85	40
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	1,115	870	245	50	40	10
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	2,135	850	1,280	75	45	30
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	745	260	485	120	60	60
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	1,000	485	515	35	15	20
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	58,250	27,865	30,385	3,235	1,645	1,595
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	2,440	1,175	1,270	120	45	70
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	2,355	1,140	1,220	80	35	45
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	1,790	865	920	30	15	10
Métis	520	260	260	55	20	35
Inuk (Inuit)	50	10	40	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	40	20	20	35	10	30
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	45	20	30	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	55,810	26,685	29,120	3,115	1,595	1,520
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	58,250	27,860	30,385	3,235	1,640	1,595
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	1,505	750	750	10	10	10
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	56,745	27,110	29,635	3,225	1,640	1,590
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	58,250	27,865	30,385	3,235	1,640	1,590
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	960	460	495	20	10	10
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	945	465	490	20	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	900	440	460	10	0	10
Métis single ancestry	40	20	20	10	0	10
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	10	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	2,680	1,280	1,405	120	35	85
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	2,610	1,250	1,360	115	30	80
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,935	925	1,010	50	15	40
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	600	285	310	60	20	45
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	80	40	40	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	70	25	45	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	65	25	40	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	54,610	26,125	28,485	3,095	1,600	1,500
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	58,250	27,860	30,385	3,235	1,640	1,590
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	5,780	2,955	2,820	160	70	95
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	905	480	425	0	10	0
Chinese	1,225	630	595	30	15	20
Black	965	470	495	15	10	10
Filipino	170	85	90	35	0	35
Latin American	320	185	135	0	0	0
Arab	835	415	420	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	345	165	175	25	10	20
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	320	170	150	0	0	0
Korean	395	210	180	35	20	10
Japanese	20	0	15	10	0	10
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	80	35	45	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	195	105	95	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	52,470	24,905	27,565	3,070	1,570	1,500
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	58,250	27,860	30,385	3,235	1,640	1,595
North American Aboriginal origins	3,640	1,735	1,900	140	45	95
First Nations (North American Indian)	2,920	1,390	1,525	65	20	45
Inuit	85	40	45	0	0	0
Métis	715	335	385	75	25	50
Other North American origins	24,795	11,730	13,065	910	460	455
Acadian	1,430	675	750	15	10	10
American	835	415	415	95	45	45
Canadian	23,555	11,130	12,425	835	410	420
New Brunswicker	20	10	10	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	80	35	45	10	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	45	25	20	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	39,750	18,740	21,015	2,875	1,450	1,425
British Isles origins	33,040	15,535	17,510	2,230	1,185	1,045
Channel Islander	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	20	10	15	0	0	0
English	17,945	8,375	9,570	1,450	790	660
Irish	15,650	7,220	8,425	840	415	420
Manx	20	15	0	0	0	0
Scottish	15,570	7,250	8,320	1,020	495	525
Welsh	1,610	720	890	85	55	35
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	1,500	675	825	145	75	75
French origins	10,565	4,905	5,655	445	215	230
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	10,560	4,905	5,660	445	215	225
Western European origins (except French origins)	6,060	2,905	3,155	750	325	420
Austrian	170	105	65	90	50	45
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	125	55	70	40	10	30
Dutch	2,095	990	1,110	105	50	50
Flemish	15	10	0	0	0	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	4,010	1,880	2,125	505	210	300
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	115	60	50	40	25	20
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,220	495	720	435	175	255
Danish	450	175	275	50	15	40
Finnish	55	35	20	30	15	15
Icelandic	45	30	20	10	0	0
Norwegian	410	170	240	235	105	130
Swedish	255	95	155	110	55	55
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	75	25	45	25	10	15
Eastern European origins	1,760	825	930	725	370	360
Bulgarian	25	0	25	0	0	0
Byelorussian	25	20	10	0	0	0
Czech	80	30	45	45	30	20
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	35	20	15	10	0	15
Estonian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Hungarian	155	80	80	100	55	45
Latvian	15	15	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	65	20	40	0	0	10
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	520	220	305	175	100	75
Romanian	70	45	20	10	10	0
Russian	450	225	230	180	65	115
Slovak	55	35	20	15	0	0
Ukrainian	520	255	265	225	130	95
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	10	0	0	10	10	10
Southern European origins	1,805	925	870	335	150	185
Albanian	70	35	40	0	0	0
Bosnian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	30	15	15	20	0	15
Cypriot	10	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	130	60	65	25	0	20
Italian	900	435	465	245	120	125
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	25	20	10	0	10	0
Maltese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Montenegrin	15	10	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	225	125	100	10	10	10
Serbian	50	35	15	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	25	20	0	20	10	0
Spanish	375	205	165	25	15	10
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	380	190	195	50	30	15
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	165	75	95	30	20	15
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	205	110	100	15	10	0
Caribbean origins	220	80	140	0	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	35	10	25	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dominican	10	0	10	0	0	0
Grenadian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	95	35	60	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	10	0	10	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	15	0	20	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	25	10	15	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	475	280	200	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	15	15	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Belizean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	10	0	0	10	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	50	25	25	0	0	0
Costa Rican	10	10	10	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Guatemalan	45	20	20	0	0	0
Guyanese	30	15	15	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	40	15	25	0	0	0
Maya	70	35	35	0	0	0
Mexican	105	55	50	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	15	15	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	50	35	15	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	15	10	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	25	20	15	0	0	0
African origins	1,065	530	535	25	10	15
Central and West African origins	200	110	90	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	25	15	15	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	40	30	10	0	0	0
Guinean	20	15	10	0	0	0
Ibo	20	10	10	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	60	25	35	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	25	10	10	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	10	0	0	0
North African origins	185	100	80	10	0	10
Algerian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	65	40	25	10	0	10
Libyan	85	40	40	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	10	10	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	265	120	145	15	10	10
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	45	25	20	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	65	35	30	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	35	15	20	0	0	0
Rwandan	20	10	15	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	10	0	0	0	0
South African	35	10	25	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ugandan	15	0	10	0	0	0
Zambian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	30	10	15	0	0	0
Other African origins	435	205	225	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	65	15	50	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	370	195	180	0	0	0
Asian origins	5,110	2,630	2,475	175	75	95
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,825	955	875	15	15	10
Afghan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	125	55	70	0	0	0
Armenian	55	20	35	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	10	0	0	0
Georgian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	300	150	150	0	0	0
Iraqi	60	25	35	0	0	0
Israeli	50	25	20	0	0	0
Jordanian	45	30	15	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	10	0	0	0	0
Kurd	30	20	10	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	540	295	250	0	0	0
Palestinian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	30	20	15	0	0	0
Syrian	505	250	255	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	10	0	0	0
Turk	55	40	15	10	10	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	25	15	10	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	10	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	10	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	995	520	470	10	10	0
Bangladeshi	95	50	40	0	0	0
Bengali	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	30	20	15	0	0	0
East Indian	625	310	315	10	10	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	135	65	65	0	0	0
Pakistani	80	50	30	0	0	0
Punjabi	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	40	25	15	0	0	0
Tamil	25	10	10	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	20	10	10	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	2,335	1,190	1,145	145	55	95
Burmese	0	0	0	20	15	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	1,365	690	675	35	10	20
Filipino	230	100	120	40	0	40
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Japanese	45	25	20	10	0	10
Karen	0	0	0	10	0	0
Korean	395	210	180	30	25	10
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	40	30	10	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	20	10	15	0	0	0
Thai	30	0	30	10	0	10
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	280	155	125	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	75	30	45	35	25	10
Australian	40	20	25	20	15	10
New Zealander	30	15	15	25	10	10
Pacific Islands origins	10	0	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	26,325	...	...	1,390	...	...
Owner	15,335	...	...	1,100	...	...
Renter	10,795	...	...	295	...	...
Band housing	195	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	26,325	...	...	1,390	...	...
Condominium	1,605	...	...	70	...	...
Not condominium	24,720	...	...	1,320	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	26,325	...	...	1,395	...	...
No bedrooms	90	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	2,965	...	...	105	...	...
2 bedrooms	8,690	...	...	285	...	...
3 bedrooms	8,120	...	...	605	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	6,465	...	...	390	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	26,330	...	...	1,390	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	7,730	...	...	245	...	...
5 rooms	4,475	...	...	175	...	...
6 rooms	3,715	...	...	240	...	...
7 rooms	3,035	...	...	215	...	...
8 or more rooms	7,370	...	...	525	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	6.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	26,325	...	...	1,395	...	...
One person or fewer per room	26,060	...	...	1,380	...	...
More than 1 person per room	265	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	26,330	...	...	1,395	...	...
Suitable	25,475	...	...	1,375	...	...
Not suitable	850	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	26,325	...	...	1,390	...	...
1960 or before	5,430	...	...	765	...	...
1961 to 1980	7,740	...	...	325	...	...
1981 to 1990	3,070	...	...	80	...	...
1991 to 2000	3,310	...	...	120	...	...
2001 to 2005	2,255	...	...	35	...	...
2006 to 2010	2,540	...	...	25	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	1,980	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	26,325	...	...	1,395	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	24,695	...	...	1,275	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,630	...	...	115	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	26,330	...	...	1,390	...	...
1 household maintainer	15,825	...	...	790	...	...
2 household maintainers	9,875	...	...	600	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	630	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	26,325	...	...	1,395	...	...
15 to 24 years	2,010	...	...	15	...	...
25 to 34 years	4,545	...	...	205	...	...
35 to 44 years	4,310	...	...	315	...	...
45 to 54 years	4,650	...	...	235	...	...
55 to 64 years	4,490	...	...	305	...	...
65 to 74 years	3,480	...	...	175	...	...
75 to 84 years	2,065	...	...	95	...	...
85 years and over	770	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	25,915	...	...	1,390	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	19,785	...	...	1,160	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	6,125	...	...	235	...	...
30% to less than 100%	5,255	...	...	205	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	15,300	...	...	1,095	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	60.8	...	...	54.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	11.3	...	...	11.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,003	...	...	897	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,107	...	...	1,055	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	200,596	...	...	299,078	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	227,278	...	...	330,950	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	10,795	...	...	295	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	11.1	...	...	6.8	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	41.3	...	...	37.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	860	...	...	975	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	881	...	...	948	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	49,235	23,295	25,940	2,600	1,315	1,285
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,950	2,920	3,030	260	105	155
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	13,565	6,730	6,835	500	260	235
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	29,720	13,650	16,070	1,840	955	890
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,680	1,750	925	280	250	30
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,510	790	720	60	40	20
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,170	960	205	220	210	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	9,225	3,645	5,585	535	240	290
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	865	305	565	115	30	85
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	16,955	7,955	9,000	920	430	485
Bachelor's degree	11,090	5,030	6,065	515	245	275
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	895	390	500	45	15	35
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	330	185	145	115	50	70
Master's degree	3,660	1,710	1,950	220	110	105
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	980	640	335	15	15	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	31,285	14,890	16,400	1,935	975	955
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,885	1,030	860	90	35	50
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	7,205	3,720	3,480	315	180	135
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	22,195	10,140	12,055	1,530	760	765
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,740	1,140	595	220	190	25
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	960	490	470	60	35	20
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	780	655	125	160	155	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	6,785	2,780	4,005	425	195	225
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	585	230	360	80	20	60
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	13,090	5,990	7,095	795	350	450
Bachelor's degree	8,500	3,785	4,715	445	190	255
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	695	300	395	40	10	30
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	290	145	140	110	45	70
Master's degree	2,910	1,335	1,575	190	90	100
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	695	425	270	20	10	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	49,235	23,300	25,935	2,600	1,315	1,280
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	19,515	9,650	9,870	755	365	390
Education	2,865	770	2,100	165	65	100
13. Education	2,865	765	2,095	165	65	100
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	890	395	490	40	30	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	145	115	35	10	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	745	280	455	30	25	10
Humanities	2,300	930	1,365	65	35	30
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	190	55	130	0	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	625	205	425	15	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	535	165	370	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	10	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	150	80	75	10	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	240	155	85	15	10	0
54. History	430	240	185	15	0	10
55. French language and literature/letters	115	25	90	10	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,730	1,335	2,395	125	35	90
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	45	0	35	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	350	160	185	10	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	375	30	345	35	0	30
22. Legal professions and studies	665	270	390	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	55	20	35	10	0	0
42. Psychology	865	230	630	15	0	15
45. Social sciences	1,385	605	775	60	30	30
Business, management and public administration	6,075	2,155	3,920	200	80	125
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	0	15	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	570	115	460	10	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	5,490	2,045	3,445	195	80	115
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,380	720	660	60	40	20
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	600	300	305	25	15	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	295	115	180	10	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	25	10	15	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	415	285	135	20	20	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	45	15	30	10	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,720	1,150	565	40	25	15
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,475	1,055	420	35	25	10
25. Library science	135	30	105	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	100	65	40	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	4,635	4,210	425	515	445	65
04. Architecture and related services	100	80	25	25	15	10
14. Engineering	1,770	1,510	255	160	120	45
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	880	795	85	80	80	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	840	830	0	105	105	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	825	790	35	115	110	10
48. Precision production	225	210	10	25	20	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	545	415	135	75	40	35
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	175	120	60	25	10	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	375	300	80	50	25	20
Health and related fields	4,060	760	3,300	515	135	385
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	425	190	235	35	0	30
51. Health professions and related programs	3,510	490	3,020	430	100	330
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	125	80	45	55	20	30
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,520	800	725	50	25	20
12. Personal and culinary services	880	245	640	40	15	25
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	40	40	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	395	320	80	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	195	190	10	0	10	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	10	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	31,285	14,890	16,395	1,930	975	955
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	9,090	4,750	4,340	405	215	190
Education	1,940	500	1,435	115	35	85
13. Education	1,935	505	1,435	120	35	80
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	685	305	375	30	20	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	110	80	30	10	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	570	225	350	25	15	10
Humanities	1,605	615	990	55	25	25
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	170	55	115	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	410	110	300	15	10	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	385	125	265	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	125	70	60	10	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	155	90	65	0	10	0
54. History	270	140	130	15	10	10
55. French language and literature/letters	75	15	55	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,870	970	1,900	110	25	80
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	25	0	20	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	260	125	135	10	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	265	20	250	30	0	35
22. Legal professions and studies	535	190	345	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	40	20	20	10	0	0
42. Psychology	670	165	510	10	0	10
45. Social sciences	1,080	445	625	60	25	25
Business, management and public administration	4,645	1,650	2,990	160	65	95
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	0	15	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	445	75	375	10	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,185	1,580	2,605	155	65	90
Physical and life sciences and technologies	985	485	500	50	30	15
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	435	190	245	20	15	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	190	80	115	10	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	20	0	15	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	300	190	105	15	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	40	20	25	10	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,465	1,005	460	35	20	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,310	930	380	35	20	10
25. Library science	80	25	65	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	70	50	20	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,415	3,060	355	400	340	60
04. Architecture and related services	85	65	20	15	10	10
14. Engineering	1,350	1,130	215	140	105	40
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	660	585	75	60	55	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	610	605	10	95	95	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	595	555	30	75	70	0
48. Precision production	120	110	10	15	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	440	310	125	70	35	35
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	140	85	55	20	10	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	295	225	75	50	30	20
Health and related fields	2,995	620	2,375	455	125	330
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	320	145	180	35	10	25
51. Health professions and related programs	2,575	420	2,155	370	90	280
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	105	60	45	45	25	20
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,160	610	550	45	20	25
12. Personal and culinary services	680	200	485	40	20	25
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	30	30	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	290	230	65	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	140	145	0	0	0	0
Other	0	10	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	10	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	49,235	23,300	25,940	2,600	1,315	1,280
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	19,515	9,645	9,870	755	365	390
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	29,720	13,650	16,070	1,840	955	890
Location of study inside Canada	26,660	12,085	14,575	1,515	790	730
Same as province or territory of residence	20,170	9,045	11,125	965	490	475
Different than province or territory of residence	6,490	3,040	3,450	550	295	255
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	3,060	1,565	1,495	325	165	160
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	725	385	340	110	65	45
Philippines	90	35	55	0	0	10
India	170	80	90	10	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	370	225	145	75	25	50
China^{Census data footnote 162}	360	180	175	0	0	0
France	60	40	20	0	0	0
Other	1,290	625	665	125	75	55
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	31,290	14,890	16,400	1,930	970	955
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	9,090	4,750	4,340	405	220	190
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	22,195	10,140	12,055	1,525	760	770
Location of study inside Canada	19,820	8,970	10,850	1,270	640	630
Same as province or territory of residence	14,845	6,665	8,175	775	375	400
Different than province or territory of residence	4,975	2,305	2,675	495	260	230
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	2,380	1,170	1,210	255	120	140
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	420	205	215	80	35	45
Philippines	90	35	55	10	0	0
India	105	50	60	10	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	200	115	85	40	15	30
China^{Census data footnote 162}	340	165	175	0	0	0
France	60	40	25	0	0	0
Other	1,155	560	600	125	70	55
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	49,235	23,295	25,940	2,600	1,315	1,280
In the labour force	32,380	16,145	16,235	1,795	960	825
Employed	29,500	14,535	14,965	1,660	875	785
Unemployed	2,875	1,605	1,265	135	90	45
Not in the labour force	16,860	7,155	9,705	810	355	455
Participation rate	65.8	69.3	62.6	69.0	73.0	64.5
Employment rate	59.9	62.4	57.7	63.8	66.5	61.3
Unemployment rate	8.9	9.9	7.8	7.5	9.4	5.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	49,235	23,295	25,940	2,595	1,315	1,285
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	15,530	6,485	9,040	625	280	340
Worked	33,705	16,810	16,895	1,975	1,030	940
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	17,885	9,425	8,465	735	460	280
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	15,820	7,385	8,430	1,235	575	665
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.8	42.7	42.8	39.9	41.1	38.6
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	32,375	16,140	16,235	1,790	960	830
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	690	290	405	10	0	10
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	31,685	15,850	15,830	1,780	960	820
Employee	29,260	14,545	14,715	1,465	780	680
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	2,425	1,310	1,115	320	175	145
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	32,380	16,145	16,235	1,790	965	830
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	695	290	400	10	10	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	31,685	15,855	15,830	1,780	955	820
0 Management occupations	3,365	1,930	1,435	165	105	55
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	4,955	1,575	3,385	190	40	150
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	3,110	2,480	630	220	175	50
3 Health occupations	2,230	465	1,765	290	75	210
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	5,470	2,265	3,205	190	55	135
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,050	530	520	70	30	35
6 Sales and service occupations	8,230	3,585	4,650	275	110	170
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,575	2,460	115	265	255	10
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	400	330	65	30	30	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	300	235	60	90	90	0
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	32,380	16,145	16,235	1,790	965	830
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	695	290	405	10	0	10
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	31,685	15,855	15,835	1,780	960	820
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	240	170	75	40	30	10
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	90	85	10	20	15	0
22 Utilities	515	355	165	35	25	15
23 Construction	1,330	1,175	155	160	140	15
31-33 Manufacturing	770	540	225	230	200	30
41 Wholesale trade	725	555	165	25	15	10
44-45 Retail trade	3,980	1,850	2,125	130	75	60
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	945	735	205	10	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	930	565	360	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	860	350	515	30	10	30
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	540	340	205	15	10	10
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,540	1,555	985	190	105	90
55 Management of companies and enterprises	45	30	15	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,435	820	620	65	35	25
61 Educational services	3,640	1,465	2,180	130	30	105
62 Health care and social assistance	3,695	710	2,980	365	85	280
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	550	305	240	55	30	30
72 Accommodation and food services	2,700	1,120	1,575	145	70	75
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,350	540	805	70	40	30
91 Public administration	4,815	2,590	2,225	55	40	15
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	29,505	14,535	14,970	1,660	875	785
Worked at home	1,720	775	945	170	85	85
Worked outside Canada	180	135	45	15	10	0
No fixed workplace address	2,295	1,625	670	180	130	50
Worked at usual place	25,305	12,000	13,310	1,305	650	645
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	25,305	12,000	13,310	1,300	655	650
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	20,625	9,355	11,275	405	195	205
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,025	1,040	980	760	400	360
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,345	1,400	940	120	50	75
Commute to a different province or territory	320	210	105	20	10	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	27,605	13,630	13,975	1,475	780	700
Car, truck, van - as a driver	20,875	10,660	10,215	1,145	630	510
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	2,285	760	1,525	55	20	35
Public transit	1,145	545	600	15	15	10
Walked	2,560	1,230	1,330	205	75	135
Bicycle	405	245	160	40	35	0
Other method	335	180	150	15	10	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	27,605	13,625	13,975	1,475	780	700
Less than 15 minutes	14,100	6,510	7,595	705	375	325
15 to 29 minutes	10,590	5,415	5,185	620	340	285
30 to 44 minutes	1,815	1,015	800	95	30	60
45 to 59 minutes	495	275	220	20	10	10
60 minutes and over	595	410	185	40	25	15
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	27,600	13,625	13,980	1,480	780	700
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	815	500	310	125	95	35
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,810	1,675	1,140	335	250	85
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	9,890	4,965	4,930	395	185	210
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	7,390	3,360	4,035	300	85	215
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	2,965	1,300	1,670	145	70	70
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	3,725	1,830	1,895	175	100	75
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	34,585	17,230	17,355	2,020	1,055	965
Single responses	33,905	16,970	16,930	2,015	1,060	955
Official languages	33,695	16,845	16,855	2,015	1,055	955
English	32,960	16,605	16,355	2,000	1,055	950
French	735	235	500	10	0	10
Non-official languages	210	130	80	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	205	130	75	0	10	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	15	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	20	10	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	15	10	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	10	10	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	15	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	25	20	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	30	25	10	0	10	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	15	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	15	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	115	60	60	0	0	0
Chinese languages	115	55	60	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	100	50	55	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	685	255	425	0	0	0
English and French	595	220	375	0	0	0
English and non-official language	80	35	45	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	34,590	17,230	17,360	2,020	1,055	965
None	29,845	15,240	14,610	1,940	1,000	935
English	600	240	360	10	10	0
French	3,780	1,535	2,240	45	30	20
Non-official language	340	205	130	25	25	0
Aboriginal	15	10	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	325	205	120	25	25	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	10	0	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	15	10	0	10	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	57,625	27,535	30,085	3,180	1,605	1,570
Non-movers	46,150	21,935	24,215	2,790	1,410	1,380
Movers	11,470	5,600	5,875	395	195	200
Non-migrants	6,945	3,390	3,555	215	95	120
Migrants	4,530	2,210	2,320	175	105	75
Internal migrants	3,355	1,610	1,745	135	80	60
Intraprovincial migrants	2,140	1,005	1,135	70	55	20
Interprovincial migrants	1,215	600	615	65	25	40
External migrants	1,170	600	570	40	25	10
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	55,190	26,310	28,880	2,980	1,510	1,470
Non-movers	29,565	14,000	15,565	2,040	1,000	1,040
Movers	25,625	12,310	13,310	945	515	435
Non-migrants	13,540	6,380	7,160	360	190	170
Migrants	12,085	5,935	6,155	580	325	260
Internal migrants	9,225	4,430	4,795	505	290	215
Intraprovincial migrants	5,570	2,615	2,955	335	205	130
Interprovincial migrants	3,655	1,815	1,840	165	85	85
External migrants	2,865	1,500	1,360	75	30	45

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Fredericton [Population centre], New Brunswick and Rossland [Population centre], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 16, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Fredericton [Population centre], New Brunswick and Rossland [Population centre], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Fredericton [Population centre], New Brunswick and Rossland [Population centre], British Columbia

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Fredericton [Population centre], New Brunswick and Rossland [Population centre], British Columbia