Census Profile, 2016 Census
Hanover [Population centre], Ontario and Airdrie [Population centre], Alberta

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Hanover Ontario [Population centre]			Airdrie Alberta [Population centre]
	Data quality , Hanover [Population centre], Ontario Map : Hanover [Population centre], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Airdrie [Population centre], Alberta Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	7,413	...	...	61,082	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	7,240 ^r	...	...	42,844^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	2.4	...	...	42.6	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	3,291	...	...	22,219	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	3,225	...	...	21,488	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,071.0	...	...	1,863.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	6.92	...	...	32.78	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	7,415	3,465	3,955	61,080	30,605	30,480
0 to 14 years	1,150	590	555	15,290	7,915	7,370
0 to 4 years	340	160	175	5,435	2,825	2,610
5 to 9 years	400	220	180	5,610	2,905	2,695
10 to 14 years	405	205	195	4,245	2,185	2,065
15 to 64 years	4,290	2,040	2,250	41,700	20,815	20,885
15 to 19 years	385	195	195	3,445	1,770	1,675
20 to 24 years	385	185	200	3,120	1,550	1,570
25 to 29 years	375	175	200	4,655	2,260	2,400
30 to 34 years	420	215	205	6,195	3,005	3,190
35 to 39 years	375	180	200	5,975	2,970	3,005
40 to 44 years	385	195	185	5,040	2,560	2,475
45 to 49 years	440	210	235	4,090	2,170	1,915
50 to 54 years	470	220	245	3,530	1,765	1,760
55 to 59 years	540	245	295	3,145	1,515	1,630
60 to 64 years	505	225	285	2,510	1,250	1,260
65 years and over	1,980	830	1,150	4,095	1,870	2,225
65 to 69 years	525	245	275	1,755	845	915
70 to 74 years	390	180	210	960	480	480
75 to 79 years	365	155	210	620	265	360
80 to 84 years	325	125	200	380	165	215
85 years and over	385	130	250	375	120	260
85 to 89 years	245	90	155	245	80	160
90 to 94 years	110	40	75	100	30	65
95 to 99 years	20	0	20	35	5	25
100 years and over	10	0	5	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.5	17.0	14.0	25.0	25.9	24.2
15 to 64 years	57.9	58.9	56.9	68.3	68.0	68.5
65 years and over	26.7	24.0	29.1	6.7	6.1	7.3
85 years and over	5.2	3.8	6.3	0.6	0.4	0.9
Average age of the population	45.8	43.7	47.6	33.1	32.6	33.6
Median age of the population	47.5	44.9	50.0	33.3	33.1	33.5
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	3,225	...	...	21,490	...	...
Single-detached house	2,025	...	...	14,575	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	130	...	...	40	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	1,065	...	...	6,700	...	...
Semi-detached house	115	...	...	1,295	...	...
Row house	225	...	...	2,665	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	145	...	...	70	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	575	...	...	2,610	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	65	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	5	...	...	175	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	3,225	...	...	21,490	...	...
1 person	1,100	...	...	3,725	...	...
2 persons	1,200	...	...	6,875	...	...
3 persons	410	...	...	3,945	...	...
4 persons	325	...	...	4,405	...	...
5 or more persons	185	...	...	2,535	...	...
Number of persons in private households	7,055	...	...	60,805	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.8	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	6,270	2,870	3,395	45,795	22,685	23,105
Married or living common law	3,560	1,770	1,790	30,420	15,195	15,225
Married	2,955	1,465	1,485	24,875	12,420	12,455
Living common law	610	305	310	5,545	2,775	2,775
Not married and not living common law	2,705	1,095	1,610	15,370	7,495	7,880
Never married	1,415	750	670	10,430	5,775	4,655
Separated	210	80	135	1,140	480	665
Divorced	405	145	265	2,595	995	1,595
Widowed	670	125	545	1,205	245	965
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	2,070	...	...	17,305	...	...
2 persons	1,225	...	...	7,245	...	...
3 persons	385	...	...	3,820	...	...
4 persons	310	...	...	4,325	...	...
5 or more persons	150	...	...	1,915	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	2,070	...	...	17,305	...	...
Total couple families	1,715	...	...	15,010	...	...
Married couples	1,405	...	...	12,235	...	...
Common-law couples	305	...	...	2,770	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	355	...	...	2,295	...	...
Female parent	295	...	...	1,745	...	...
Male parent	60	...	...	550	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	1,710	...	...	15,010	...	...
Couples without children	1,015	...	...	5,880	...	...
Couples with children	695	...	...	9,130	...	...
1 child	270	...	...	3,120	...	...
2 children	285	...	...	4,140	...	...
3 or more children	150	...	...	1,870	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	360	...	...	2,295	...	...
1 child	200	...	...	1,365	...	...
2 children	115	...	...	695	...	...
3 or more children	40	...	...	235	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,395	575	820	7,375	3,875	3,500
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	3,225	...	...	21,485	...	...
One-census-family households	2,010	...	...	16,405	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	995	...	...	5,510	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	1,010	...	...	10,895	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	30	...	...	445	...	...
Non-census-family households	1,185	...	...	4,640	...	...
One-person households	1,100	...	...	3,725	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	85	...	...	910	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	7,115	3,355	3,760	61,085	30,605	30,480
English only	6,700	3,170	3,535	56,085	28,285	27,805
French only	0	0	0	60	30	30
English and French	390	180	215	4,710	2,200	2,510
Neither English nor French	20	10	10	225	90	135
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	7,110	3,355	3,755	61,085	30,605	30,480
English	7,045	3,320	3,720	59,480	29,800	29,675
French	40	15	25	1,185	615	565
English and French	10	10	5	205	95	105
Neither English nor French	20	10	10	215	85	130
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	45	20	25	1,290	665	620
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.6	0.6	0.7	2.1	2.2	2.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	7,110	3,355	3,755	61,080	30,600	30,480
Single responses	7,065	3,335	3,730	60,325	30,230	30,100
Official languages	6,775	3,195	3,575	54,225	27,340	26,885
English	6,725	3,180	3,545	53,030	26,720	26,305
French	50	20	30	1,195	620	580
Non-official languages	300	140	155	6,100	2,890	3,210
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	5	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	5
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	0	0	5	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	0	0	5	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	5	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	295	140	150	6,095	2,885	3,205
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	10	5	240	125	115
Berber languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Kabyle	0	0	0	5	5	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	5	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	15	10	5	230	120	110
Amharic	0	0	0	15	5	5
Arabic	15	10	5	205	105	95
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	5	5	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	5	5	5
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	5	5	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	125	45	80
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Vietnamese	0	0	0	115	40	75
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	0	5	995	415	585
Bikol	0	0	0	10	5	5
Cebuano	0	0	0	40	15	25
Fijian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	0	5
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	5	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	15	5	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	5	900	375	525
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	5	0	5
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	5	0	5
Creole languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	5	5	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Dravidian languages	15	10	5	55	30	30
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	5	0	5	5	5
Tamil	5	5	5	35	15	15
Telugu	0	5	0	15	5	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	230	115	115	3,740	1,830	1,910
Albanian	0	0	0	20	15	5
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	30	10	20	535	245	290
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Latvian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Slavic languages	30	10	20	525	240	285
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	15	10	5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Croatian	5	0	5	35	15	15
Czech	0	0	5	30	20	15
Macedonian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Polish	10	0	10	125	50	70
Russian	5	5	5	125	55	70
Serbian	0	0	0	20	5	5
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	5	5	0	5
Slovak	0	0	0	35	20	15
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	0	20	5	10
Ukrainian	5	0	0	105	45	60
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	5	5	5
Welsh	0	0	0	5	5	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Germanic languages	130	60	65	725	360	365
Afrikaans	0	0	0	30	20	10
Danish	10	5	0	25	10	15
Dutch	20	10	10	165	70	90
Frisian	5	0	0	0	0	0
German	100	50	50	490	250	235
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	5	10	5	5
Swedish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	5	0	35	20	20
Indo-Iranian languages	40	25	15	1,110	575	530
Indo-Aryan languages	20	10	10	1,020	525	495
Bengali	10	5	0	40	25	20
Gujarati	0	0	0	55	30	25
Hindi	5	5	5	110	60	45
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	5	0
Konkani	0	0	0	5	5	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	5	0	550	280	270
Sindhi	0	0	0	20	10	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	0	15	5	5
Urdu	0	0	0	235	115	115
Iranian languages	20	10	5	80	50	30
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	5	5
Pashto	0	0	0	10	5	0
Persian (Farsi)	15	15	5	65	35	25
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages	25	15	10	1,300	610	695
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	5	5	80	40	40
Portuguese	10	5	5	125	55	70
Romanian	0	0	0	175	95	80
Spanish	5	0	5	915	415	500
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	0	50	15	40
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	5	0	145	70	75
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	230	120	110
Akan (Twi)	5	0	0	50	25	25
Bamanankan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	5	5	5
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	10	5	5
Lingala	0	0	0	5	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Shona	0	0	0	20	15	15
Swahili	0	0	0	25	15	15
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	50	30	25
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	20	25
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Sign languages	0	0	0	10	5	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	5	0	5	0	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	5	300	135	170
Chinese languages	15	5	10	300	135	170
Cantonese	10	5	5	160	80	85
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	110	45	65
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	5	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	40	10	25
Lao	0	0	0	10	5	5
Thai	0	0	0	30	5	25
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	0	10	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	5	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15	0	10	105	60	40
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	5	0	0	15	10	10
Hungarian	5	5	5	85	55	35
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Multiple responses	45	20	25	755	375	385
English and French	15	5	10	175	80	100
English and non-official language	30	15	20	525	265	260
French and non-official language	0	0	5	25	15	15
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	20	10	10
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	7,110	3,355	3,755	61,080	30,605	30,480
Single responses	7,060	3,335	3,725	59,705	29,955	29,750
Official languages	6,975	3,290	3,680	56,905	28,575	28,330
English	6,965	3,285	3,675	56,375	28,310	28,065
French	10	5	5	525	265	260
Non-official languages	85	35	50	2,800	1,380	1,420
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	5	10	5
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	85	40	50	2,790	1,375	1,415
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	125	65	65
Berber languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	5	5	5
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	15	5	0	120	60	60
Amharic	0	0	0	5	0	5
Arabic	10	10	5	105	50	55
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	5	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	5	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	60	30	30
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	55	30	35
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	540	260	285
Bikol	0	0	0	10	5	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	20	5	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	5	5	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	505	245	265
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	5
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dravidian languages	15	5	10	35	15	20
Kannada	0	0	0	5	0	0
Malayalam	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tamil	5	5	5	25	10	15
Telugu	0	0	0	10	5	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	45	20	25	1,620	805	815
Albanian	0	0	0	10	5	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	5	170	80	95
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Slavic languages	10	0	5	170	80	90
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Croatian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Czech	0	0	0	10	5	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	25	10	15
Russian	0	0	5	60	30	30
Serbian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	25	10	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	15	5	10	75	40	30
Afrikaans	0	0	0	15	5	5
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	10	5	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	15	10	10	50	25	25
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	5	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages	20	10	5	715	365	350
Indo-Aryan languages	10	5	5	655	330	325
Bengali	5	0	5	20	10	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	25	10	15
Hindi	0	0	0	55	35	25
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	5	0	385	195	195
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	5	0	10	0	5
Urdu	0	0	0	155	75	80
Iranian languages	10	10	5	60	35	20
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	5	5	5
Persian (Farsi)	10	5	5	45	35	20
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages	5	5	0	640	310	330
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Portuguese	0	0	5	55	25	25
Romanian	0	0	0	100	65	40
Spanish	0	0	0	480	215	265
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	15	5	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	110	60	55
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	60	30	30
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Bamanankan	0	0	0	5	5	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	15	5	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Sign languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	5	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	5	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	5	150	70	80
Chinese languages	10	0	5	155	70	80
Cantonese	10	5	5	65	30	40
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	0	0	70	35	35
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	5	35	20	15
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Hungarian	0	0	0	30	15	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	50	25	25	1,375	650	730
English and French	10	0	0	150	70	80
English and non-official language	45	20	25	1,175	550	625
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	5	10
English, French and non-official language	5	0	0	40	20	20
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	7,110	3,355	3,760	61,080	30,605	30,475
None	6,880	3,255	3,625	56,255	28,295	27,955
English	55	25	30	1,605	800	810
French	60	20	40	940	425	515
Non-official language	110	50	65	2,215	1,055	1,160
Aboriginal	0	0	0	15	10	0
Non-Aboriginal	110	50	65	2,200	1,045	1,160
English and French	0	0	0	15	10	5
English and non-official language	0	0	0	25	15	15
French and non-official language	5	5	0	30	15	15
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	5,910	2,745	3,160	45,515	22,595	22,915
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	5,770	2,685	3,085	43,610	21,670	21,945
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,632	34,722	25,416	50,002	65,998	37,226
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	5,770	2,685	3,085	43,620	21,670	21,945
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,178	31,712	23,895	43,340	55,050	33,515
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	5,115	2,420	2,695	41,515	21,205	20,305
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,536	32,208	20,838	49,441	65,582	35,646
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,495	1,965	2,530	23,060	7,705	15,355
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,434	8,632	9,720	3,634	3,184	3,731
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,880	1,940	1,940	37,850	19,645	18,200
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,368	33,440	24,472	49,977	65,707	36,494
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	5,905	2,740	3,160	45,550	22,610	22,935
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	5,710	2,670	3,045	43,605	21,605	22,000
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,002	43,609	31,213	60,964	76,271	45,930
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	5,715	2,670	3,050	43,600	21,605	22,000
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,379	37,430	27,962	49,711	60,762	38,858
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	5,075	2,390	2,685	41,555	21,215	20,340
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,096	41,020	26,047	60,390	75,295	44,845
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,430	1,965	2,465	23,040	7,650	15,385
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,806	9,341	10,176	6,467	6,628	6,387
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,840	1,920	1,920	37,860	19,570	18,285
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,611	42,892	28,316	59,500	73,609	44,398
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	5,900	2,745	3,160	45,550	22,610	22,935
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	1,770	980	795	20,195	11,570	8,625
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	43,690	48,560	39,657	67,460	77,770	55,955
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	52,810	59,658	44,349	77,722	88,981	62,626
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	80.8	85.3	75.2	94.5	97.0	90.1
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	64.1	70.4	56.2	84.7	87.5	80.0
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	19.2	14.7	24.8	5.5	3.0	9.9
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	5,915	2,750	3,165	45,515	22,600	22,920
Without total income	145	65	75	1,900	925	975
With total income	5,770	2,685	3,085	43,610	21,670	21,945
Percentage with total income	97.5	97.6	97.5	95.8	95.9	95.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	640	265	375	5,120	1,665	3,460
$10,000 to $19,999	1,255	475	785	4,255	1,325	2,935
$20,000 to $29,999	1,035	415	615	4,265	1,465	2,800
$30,000 to $39,999	860	380	480	4,040	1,575	2,465
$40,000 to $49,999	645	325	320	4,100	1,750	2,350
$50,000 to $59,999	415	220	190	4,005	1,910	2,095
$60,000 to $69,999	275	160	115	3,390	1,840	1,545
$70,000 to $79,999	175	105	70	2,865	1,750	1,120
$80,000 to $89,999	120	80	40	2,420	1,565	850
$90,000 to $99,999	105	60	45	2,130	1,365	765
$100,000 and over	250	195	55	7,010	5,455	1,550
$100,000 to $149,999	190	145	40	4,785	3,595	1,195
$150,000 and over	70	45	20	2,225	1,870	355
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	5,910	2,750	3,160	45,515	22,595	22,915
Without after-tax income	140	65	80	1,895	925	970
With after-tax income	5,770	2,685	3,085	43,615	21,670	21,950
Percentage with after-tax income	97.6	97.6	97.6	95.8	95.9	95.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	660	265	400	5,235	1,690	3,550
$10,000 to $19,999	1,295	495	810	4,495	1,410	3,085
$20,000 to $29,999	1,220	495	720	5,045	1,790	3,260
$30,000 to $39,999	990	475	520	5,185	2,140	3,040
$40,000 to $49,999	590	310	290	5,485	2,550	2,940
$50,000 to $59,999	395	230	170	4,495	2,495	2,000
$60,000 to $69,999	205	125	75	3,720	2,320	1,400
$70,000 to $79,999	160	105	55	2,945	1,905	1,040
$80,000 and over	250	190	60	7,010	5,375	1,635
$80,000 to $89,999	85	65	25	2,150	1,490	660
$90,000 to $99,999	50	35	10	1,470	1,115	355
$100,000 and over	115	85	25	3,395	2,775	615
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	5,910	2,750	3,165	45,515	22,595	22,920
Without employment income	2,030	810	1,225	7,665	2,950	4,715
With employment income	3,880	1,940	1,940	37,850	19,645	18,200
Percentage with employment income	65.7	70.5	61.3	83.2	86.9	79.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	630	325	305	3,420	1,330	2,095
$5,000 to $9,999	335	135	195	2,260	855	1,405
$10,000 to $19,999	540	215	320	3,560	1,215	2,340
$20,000 to $29,999	530	195	340	3,150	1,090	2,060
$30,000 to $39,999	545	250	295	3,160	1,320	1,835
$40,000 to $49,999	385	205	180	3,380	1,480	1,900
$50,000 to $59,999	245	150	100	3,260	1,545	1,715
$60,000 to $69,999	165	110	50	2,870	1,640	1,235
$70,000 to $79,999	125	80	45	2,545	1,580	970
$80,000 and over	375	270	105	10,245	7,595	2,645
$80,000 to $89,999	90	60	30	2,195	1,430	760
$90,000 to $99,999	95	55	45	1,915	1,235	675
$100,000 and over	190	160	30	6,130	4,920	1,205
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	3,225	...	...	21,490	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	53,376	...	...	109,885	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	48,832	...	...	92,058	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	1,100	...	...	3,730	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,840	...	...	58,317	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	26,144	...	...	48,640	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	2,125	...	...	17,760	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	69,824	...	...	121,589	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	63,607	...	...	101,417	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	3,215	...	...	21,490	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	65,661	...	...	123,681	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	57,515	...	...	100,852	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,105	...	...	3,740	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,363	...	...	67,564	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,710	...	...	54,174	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	2,110	...	...	17,750	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	82,120	...	...	135,504	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	71,610	...	...	110,686	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	3,225	...	...	21,485	...	...
Under $5,000	30	...	...	155	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	45	...	...	100	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	120	...	...	150	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	175	...	...	225	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	215	...	...	375	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	165	...	...	315	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	225	...	...	360	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	210	...	...	400	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	150	...	...	480	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	170	...	...	485	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	300	...	...	1,135	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	270	...	...	1,225	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	230	...	...	1,305	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	170	...	...	1,355	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	150	...	...	1,350	...	...
$100,000 and over	595	...	...	12,065	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	235	...	...	3,310	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	145	...	...	2,755	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	140	...	...	3,285	...	...
$200,000 and over	80	...	...	2,720	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	3,225	...	...	21,485	...	...
Under $5,000	30	...	...	170	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	45	...	...	120	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	125	...	...	150	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	180	...	...	235	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	245	...	...	405	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	185	...	...	400	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	240	...	...	400	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	215	...	...	560	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	180	...	...	620	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	195	...	...	695	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	340	...	...	1,460	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	295	...	...	1,670	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	230	...	...	1,715	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	160	...	...	1,790	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	130	...	...	1,765	...	...
$100,000 and over	410	...	...	9,345	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	205	...	...	3,645	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	100	...	...	2,370	...	...
$150,000 and over	110	...	...	3,335	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	2,070	...	...	17,135	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	69,995	...	...	119,738	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	63,695	...	...	99,606	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	975	...	...	5,410	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	63,744	...	...	111,993	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	57,685	...	...	93,344	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	705	...	...	9,170	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	95,189	...	...	135,401	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	84,064	...	...	112,367	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	335	...	...	2,120	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,952	...	...	72,608	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	43,776	...	...	63,835	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	2,060	...	...	17,115	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	82,111	...	...	133,593	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	71,514	...	...	109,059	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	975	...	...	5,375	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,789	...	...	125,687	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	64,532	...	...	102,298	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	700	...	...	9,170	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	111,992	...	...	149,195	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	95,618	...	...	121,244	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	340	...	...	2,125	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,218	...	...	84,154	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	43,799	...	...	71,581	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	1,270	520	755	6,105	3,270	2,835
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	26,880	28,352	26,240	52,133	59,721	44,288
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	25,088	26,240	24,576	44,143	49,132	38,912
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	1,275	530	745	6,105	3,215	2,890
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	33,137	34,190	32,387	60,835	67,531	53,374
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	29,687	30,075	29,410	49,256	53,944	44,033
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	7,055	3,340	3,715	60,805	30,515	30,295
In the bottom half of the distribution	4,430	2,050	2,380	18,995	9,110	9,880
In the bottom decile	680	315	365	2,515	1,185	1,330
In the second decile	995	405	590	2,610	1,140	1,470
In the third decile	1,005	475	530	3,695	1,760	1,935
In the fourth decile	900	430	470	4,550	2,210	2,335
In the fifth decile	850	430	420	5,620	2,810	2,815
In the top half of the distribution	2,620	1,285	1,335	41,810	21,405	20,410
In the sixth decile	715	355	365	6,645	3,330	3,315
In the seventh decile	580	295	285	7,440	3,760	3,685
In the eighth decile	575	265	305	8,295	4,230	4,065
In the ninth decile	410	205	205	9,795	5,050	4,750
In the top decile	350	170	180	9,635	5,030	4,600
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	7,055	3,340	3,715	60,805	30,510	30,290
0 to 17 years	1,360	705	655	17,505	9,040	8,460
0 to 5 years	425	195	225	6,580	3,400	3,180
18 to 64 years	4,030	1,900	2,125	39,470	19,680	19,790
65 years and over	1,660	730	935	3,830	1,790	2,045
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,145	485	660	3,295	1,485	1,805
0 to 17 years	255	125	130	1,250	625	625
0 to 5 years	95	50	50	420	205	210
18 to 64 years	635	270	360	1,820	795	1,025
65 years and over	255	85	170	225	65	155
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	16.2	14.5	17.8	5.4	4.9	6.0
0 to 17 years (%)	18.8	17.7	19.8	7.1	6.9	7.4
0 to 5 years (%)	22.4	25.6	22.2	6.4	6.0	6.6
18 to 64 years (%)	15.8	14.2	16.9	4.6	4.0	5.2
65 years and over (%)	15.4	11.6	18.2	5.9	3.6	7.6
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	365	175	190	2,120	1,015	1,110
0 to 17 years	55	30	20	745	375	375
0 to 5 years	30	20	10	260	125	135
18 to 64 years	295	140	155	1,325	625	695
65 years and over	15	5	15	55	15	45
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.2	5.2	5.1	3.5	3.3	3.7
0 to 17 years (%)	4.0	4.3	3.1	4.3	4.1	4.4
0 to 5 years (%)	7.1	10.3	4.4	4.0	3.7	4.2
18 to 64 years (%)	7.3	7.4	7.3	3.4	3.2	3.5
65 years and over (%)	0.9	0.7	1.6	1.4	0.8	2.2
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	7,010	3,315	3,695	60,820	30,515	30,300
Official languages	7,000	3,315	3,685	60,630	30,460	30,170
English	7,000	3,315	3,685	60,555	30,410	30,150
French	335	120	220	4,795	2,235	2,560
Non-official languages	270	105	165	8,230	4,010	4,215
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	55	35	25
Algonquian languages	10	0	0	50	30	15
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	45	30	15
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	40	30	10
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	265	105	165	8,175	3,980	4,195
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	10	10	315	185	130
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	15	10	10	310	175	135
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	0	0	280	155	125
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	15	10	0
Maltese	10	0	0	0	10	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	15	10	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	110	25	80
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	105	25	85
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	10	1,235	535	695
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	60	20	35
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	15	0	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	10	1,210	515	690
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	10	10	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	80	50	35
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	35	20	20
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	20	10
Dravidian languages	0	10	0	90	45	50
Kannada	0	0	0	10	0	10
Malayalam	10	0	10	60	25	30
Tamil	0	0	0	25	15	10
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	200	80	120	5,060	2,545	2,520
Albanian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	65	25	50	630	335	295
Baltic languages	0	0	0	30	15	10
Latvian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	70	20	45	610	325	285
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	35	25	15
Czech	0	0	0	60	30	25
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	20	10	15	175	95	75
Russian	0	0	0	145	75	70
Serbian	0	0	0	30	20	10
Serbo-Croatian	30	10	20	10	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	70	35	35
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ukrainian	10	10	10	135	50	85
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Celtic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	110	55	60	1,005	515	490
Afrikaans	0	0	0	70	40	30
Danish	0	0	0	35	15	20
Dutch	45	15	25	215	100	115
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	70	35	30	670	360	315
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	30	10	15
Swedish	0	0	0	10	10	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	10	10	30	20	10
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	1,515	785	730
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	1,460	745	715
Bengali	0	0	0	20	15	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	75	35	40
Hindi	0	0	0	375	215	160
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	725	365	365
Sindhi	0	0	0	55	25	25
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	25	0	15
Urdu	0	0	0	535	280	250
Iranian languages	0	0	0	60	40	20
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	55	40	15
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	25	0	20	1,965	925	1,040
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	10	205	100	105
Portuguese	0	0	0	155	75	90
Romanian	0	0	0	175	100	75
Spanish	15	10	15	1,495	685	815
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	130	50	80
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	105	60	45
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	480	220	260
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	60	30	30
Bamanankan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Edo	0	0	0	20	20	10
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	55	30	25
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	30	20	10
Swahili	0	0	0	70	25	45
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	185	80	105
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	75	40	40
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	40	15	30
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	20	25
Sign languages	20	0	15	105	45	55
American Sign Language	0	0	10	55	25	35
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	50	20	30
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	0	400	190	215
Chinese languages	0	10	10	400	190	215
Cantonese	10	0	0	195	80	110
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	190	95	95
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	45	35	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	50	25	25
Lao	0	0	0	10	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	45	25	25
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	35	25	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	35	25	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	0	0	85	45	35
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	30	20	10
Hungarian	0	0	0	55	30	30
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	15	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	7,010	3,320	3,690	60,815	30,520	30,300
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	6,950	3,290	3,660	57,510	28,990	28,520
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,365	695	665	16,925	8,855	8,075
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	5,590	2,595	2,995	40,580	20,135	20,445
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	60	25	35	3,310	1,530	1,780
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	7,015	3,320	3,690	60,815	30,520	30,300
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	6,645	3,160	3,475	52,875	26,675	26,195
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	370	150	215	7,450	3,650	3,800
Before 1981	275	120	160	1,375	675	695
1981 to 1990	30	10	15	805	390	415
1991 to 2000	20	10	20	1,120	575	545
2001 to 2010	10	10	0	2,380	1,130	1,250
2001 to 2005	10	0	10	970	450	520
2006 to 2010	0	0	0	1,410	675	735
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	35	15	15	1,775	885	890
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	0	495	195	300
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	370	155	215	7,445	3,650	3,805
Under 5 years	65	20	50	870	450	415
5 to 14 years	60	30	30	1,540	745	790
15 to 24 years	125	50	70	1,365	660	705
25 to 44 years	100	45	60	3,175	1,570	1,605
45 years and over	15	0	15	500	215	285
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	370	155	215	7,450	3,650	3,800
Americas	35	15	15	1,460	705	760
Brazil	0	0	0	40	25	15
Colombia	0	0	0	175	75	95
El Salvador	0	0	0	70	40	35
Guyana	0	0	0	15	10	10
Haiti	0	0	0	20	15	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	135	75	65
Mexico	0	0	0	185	70	110
Peru	0	0	0	30	25	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	60	40	20
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	30	10	15	410	200	210
Other places of birth in Americas	0	10	0	320	135	190
Europe	285	115	170	2,305	1,150	1,155
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	10	0	10	10	0
Croatia	30	0	20	10	0	10
France	10	0	0	35	25	0
Germany	45	35	10	195	85	105
Greece	0	0	0	15	0	10
Hungary	10	0	0	35	15	20
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	10	0	35	20	20
Italy	10	0	0	35	20	20
Netherlands	35	15	20	130	65	70
Poland	15	0	10	125	60	65
Portugal	0	0	0	10	0	10
Romania	10	0	0	120	60	65
Russian Federation	0	0	0	25	10	15
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	10	35	25	10
Ukraine	0	10	0	50	20	30
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	115	40	80	1,145	575	565
Other places of birth in Europe	15	10	10	290	160	125
Africa	0	0	0	865	470	395
Algeria	0	0	0	25	15	10
Egypt	0	0	0	25	15	10
Ethiopia	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kenya	0	0	0	35	10	25
Morocco	0	0	0	10	10	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	245	140	110
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	125	65	60
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	390	210	180
Asia	45	20	25	2,735	1,270	1,460
Afghanistan	0	0	0	30	20	10
Bangladesh	0	0	0	10	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	130	40	85
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	10	10	0	80	45	35
India	15	10	0	570	275	295
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	35	25	10
Iraq	0	0	0	10	10	10
Japan	0	0	0	40	0	40
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	0	0	80	40	40
Lebanon	0	0	0	45	30	20
Pakistan	0	0	0	310	165	145
Philippines	15	0	10	1,030	460	575
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	25	10	15
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Taiwan	0	0	0	20	15	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	95	35	60
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	0	200	100	100
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	75	50	25
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	35	15	15	1,775	880	890
Americas	0	0	0	395	190	205
Brazil	0	0	0	15	10	0
Colombia	0	0	0	20	10	15
Cuba	0	0	0	10	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	10	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	45	25	15
Mexico	0	0	0	110	45	65
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	80	40	35
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	25	10	10
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	95	45	50
Europe	15	10	10	285	155	130
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	15	10	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	15	10	0
Romania	0	0	0	30	15	10
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	25	10	15
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	0	10	135	60	75
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	10	55	35	20
Africa	0	0	0	305	190	115
Algeria	0	0	0	20	10	10
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	10	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	10	0	10
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	40	35	0
Egypt	0	0	0	10	10	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	10	10	10
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	115	70	45
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	35	15	15
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	70	40	30
Asia	15	15	10	770	340	430
Afghanistan	0	0	0	25	20	10
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	15	0	15
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	10	140	80	60
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	35	10	25
Lebanon	0	0	0	20	10	10
Nepal	0	0	0	0	10	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	35	15	25
Philippines	0	10	0	470	200	275
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	10	0	10	0	10
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	15	0	10
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	20	15	10
Australia	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	10	10	10
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	7,010	3,320	3,690	60,820	30,520	30,300
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	370	155	220	8,300	4,035	4,265
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	680	355	325	9,925	5,140	4,785
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	5,960	2,810	3,150	42,595	21,350	21,245
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	95	35	60	6,175	3,020	3,155
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	45	20	25	3,425	1,770	1,655
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	20	15	10	1,250	870	380
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	25	10	20	2,175	905	1,275
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	35	10	35	2,010	870	1,135
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	10	0	685	345	340
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	55	30	25
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	7,010	3,320	3,695	60,820	30,515	30,300
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	150	55	95	2,815	1,355	1,460
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	145	55	90	2,740	1,320	1,415
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	70	30	45	895	460	435
Métis	70	25	45	1,820	860	965
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	25	0	20
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	25	0	15
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	50	25	20
Non-Aboriginal identity	6,865	3,265	3,600	58,000	29,160	28,845
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	7,010	3,315	3,690	60,815	30,515	30,300
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	40	15	25	610	305	305
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	6,975	3,305	3,665	60,210	30,210	29,990
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	7,010	3,320	3,690	60,820	30,520	30,300
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	55	25	25	400	210	185
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	55	25	30	380	200	175
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	20	15	0	180	100	80
Métis single ancestry	40	10	25	195	100	95
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	20	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	15	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	180	105	75	3,640	1,700	1,940
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	180	105	75	3,460	1,610	1,850
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	160	90	65	1,555	705	850
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	15	10	1,870	895	975
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	40	15	30
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	170	90	90
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	175	85	90
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	6,770	3,185	3,585	56,780	28,610	28,175
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	7,010	3,320	3,695	60,815	30,520	30,300
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	65	35	35	7,910	3,840	4,065
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	20	10	10	1,935	985	945
Chinese	10	0	0	615	295	320
Black	10	0	10	1,715	875	840
Filipino	15	10	10	1,465	700	765
Latin American	0	0	0	830	360	470
Arab	15	10	0	295	160	135
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	265	115	155
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	65	45	25
Korean	0	0	0	100	55	45
Japanese	0	0	0	155	55	100
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	130	70	65
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	340	135	200
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	6,945	3,290	3,655	52,910	26,675	26,230
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	7,015	3,315	3,690	60,820	30,515	30,300
North American Aboriginal origins	240	130	105	4,035	1,910	2,125
First Nations (North American Indian)	175	105	70	1,925	905	1,025
Inuit	0	0	0	45	10	35
Métis	60	30	35	2,255	1,090	1,165
Other North American origins	2,365	1,035	1,330	19,530	9,870	9,660
Acadian	0	0	0	55	40	15
American	0	0	10	1,125	545	580
Canadian	2,360	1,035	1,325	18,795	9,490	9,300
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	15	0	15	30	15	15
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	30	15	15
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	5,780	2,755	3,025	45,305	22,685	22,620
British Isles origins	3,970	1,905	2,070	31,205	15,515	15,690
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	2,305	1,070	1,230	17,215	8,620	8,590
Irish	1,705	760	940	11,430	5,555	5,880
Manx	0	0	0	25	10	15
Scottish	2,045	995	1,045	14,655	7,130	7,520
Welsh	100	60	40	1,505	730	775
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	135	85	50	2,165	1,060	1,105
French origins	675	325	355	7,910	3,870	4,045
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	10	10	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	675	325	355	7,915	3,870	4,040
Western European origins (except French origins)	3,050	1,480	1,570	16,305	8,270	8,035
Austrian	10	10	10	715	430	285
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	410	185	220
Dutch	390	205	185	3,345	1,725	1,620
Flemish	0	0	0	50	25	20
Frisian	10	0	0	0	0	0
German	2,765	1,330	1,435	12,885	6,480	6,405
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	50	20	35	455	240	215
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	100	55	45	5,660	2,750	2,915
Danish	15	10	10	1,000	495	510
Finnish	20	10	10	395	195	190
Icelandic	0	0	0	410	220	195
Norwegian	50	30	20	2,555	1,195	1,360
Swedish	10	0	0	1,585	730	860
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	10	0	10	250	140	110
Eastern European origins	365	175	195	10,385	5,105	5,285
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	10	0	310	130	175
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	135	70	65
Estonian	0	0	0	95	50	45
Hungarian	35	15	20	1,005	435	570
Latvian	0	0	10	55	20	35
Lithuanian	10	0	0	90	50	40
Moldovan	0	0	0	15	20	0
Polish	190	80	115	2,695	1,305	1,385
Romanian	25	15	10	590	260	330
Russian	30	15	15	1,830	900	925
Slovak	10	0	0	255	135	115
Ukrainian	100	45	50	5,290	2,640	2,650
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	15	0	10
Southern European origins	340	165	175	3,880	1,900	1,975
Albanian	0	0	0	50	35	15
Bosnian	0	0	0	45	20	25
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	30	15	15	205	115	90
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	20	10	15	185	85	100
Italian	160	85	80	2,055	1,000	1,050
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Maltese	0	0	0	40	20	30
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	20	10	10	400	200	205
Serbian	25	10	20	80	55	25
Sicilian	30	15	15	20	0	15
Slovenian	20	0	20	75	35	30
Spanish	35	20	15	800	375	430
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	95	30	65
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	40	25	15	380	170	210
Basque	0	0	0	10	10	0
Jewish	10	0	0	90	35	55
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	40	25	15	285	135	150
Caribbean origins	10	0	0	720	360	360
Antiguan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	30	10	25
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	20	15	0
Dominican	0	0	0	35	20	10
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	70	40	30
Jamaican	10	0	10	390	180	205
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	95	65	30
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	35	0	25
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	40	15	25
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	40	30	10
Latin, Central and South American origins	10	0	0	1,170	555	615
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	35	20	15
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	10	0	0	10	10	0
Belizean	0	0	0	25	15	10
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	40	15	25
Chilean	0	0	0	150	60	90
Colombian	0	0	0	205	100	110
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	30	0	20
Guyanese	0	0	0	35	15	20
Hispanic	10	0	0	15	15	0
Honduran	0	0	0	15	15	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	395	180	215
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	25	10	15
Panamanian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	45	30	15
Salvadorean	0	0	0	105	70	35
Uruguayan	0	0	0	15	15	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	50	25	25
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	50	25	25
African origins	0	0	0	1,665	840	820
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	690	375	315
Akan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	15	0	10
Beninese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Chadian	0	0	0	25	15	0
Congolese	0	0	0	30	10	25
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	85	55	35
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	55	40	20
Ivorian	0	0	0	50	40	10
Liberian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	335	165	170
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	10	10	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	95	45	45
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	45	30	15
North African origins	10	0	0	155	85	70
Algerian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Berber	0	0	0	15	10	10
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	10	10	0	55	25	30
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	10	10	10
Sudanese	0	0	0	60	25	30
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	15	15	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	415	185	230
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	45	20	25
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ethiopian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	35	0	30
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	15	10	15
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	190	90	100
Tanzanian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	60	30	30
Zulu	0	0	0	25	20	10
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	75	35	35
Other African origins	0	0	0	480	235	245
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	40	10	25
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	455	230	225
Asian origins	95	55	40	5,655	2,825	2,835
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	20	20	10	635	365	270
Afghan	0	0	0	30	20	10
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	10	0	10	80	30	50
Armenian	0	0	0	20	15	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	30	20	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	80	40	40
Iraqi	0	0	0	25	10	10
Israeli	0	0	0	10	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	10	10	0	220	135	80
Palestinian	0	0	0	75	45	30
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	10	0	40	15	25
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	10	10	0
Turk	0	0	0	25	10	15
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	10	10	0
South Asian origins	20	15	10	2,015	1,050	960
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	20	15	10	1,540	800	740
Goan	0	0	0	25	20	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	25	10	10
Nepali	0	0	0	15	10	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	375	210	165
Punjabi	0	0	0	85	45	40
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	30	10	25
Tamil	0	0	0	20	10	10
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	15	10	10
East and Southeast Asian origins	50	25	25	3,050	1,415	1,630
Burmese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Chinese	20	15	0	910	410	505
Filipino	35	15	15	1,570	735	835
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	95	55	40
Japanese	10	0	10	260	120	140
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	100	55	45
Laotian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Malaysian	0	0	0	65	40	35
Mongolian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	15	10	10
Thai	0	0	0	30	10	20
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	220	85	135
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	40	30	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	35	30	10
Oceania origins	15	0	15	245	100	145
Australian	0	0	0	120	50	70
New Zealander	0	0	0	65	30	35
Pacific Islands origins	15	0	15	60	25	40
Fijian	0	0	0	40	10	35
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	10	0	15	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Samoan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	3,220	...	...	21,495	...	...
Owner	1,955	...	...	17,730	...	...
Renter	1,270	...	...	3,765	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	3,220	...	...	21,490	...	...
Condominium	125	...	...	4,685	...	...
Not condominium	3,095	...	...	16,805	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	3,220	...	...	21,495	...	...
No bedrooms	15	...	...	10	...	...
1 bedroom	355	...	...	740	...	...
2 bedrooms	965	...	...	3,885	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,215	...	...	9,850	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	675	...	...	7,015	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	3,220	...	...	21,490	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	745	...	...	3,460	...	...
5 rooms	435	...	...	3,240	...	...
6 rooms	545	...	...	3,815	...	...
7 rooms	400	...	...	3,580	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,090	...	...	7,405	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.5	...	...	6.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	3,215	...	...	21,490	...	...
One person or fewer per room	3,215	...	...	21,235	...	...
More than 1 person per room	10	...	...	260	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	3,215	...	...	21,490	...	...
Suitable	3,135	...	...	20,855	...	...
Not suitable	85	...	...	640	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	3,220	...	...	21,495	...	...
1960 or before	1,225	...	...	115	...	...
1961 to 1980	940	...	...	2,270	...	...
1981 to 1990	420	...	...	1,535	...	...
1991 to 2000	215	...	...	2,920	...	...
2001 to 2005	125	...	...	3,210	...	...
2006 to 2010	215	...	...	5,180	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	90	...	...	6,260	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	3,220	...	...	21,495	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	3,070	...	...	21,045	...	...
Major repairs needed	150	...	...	450	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	3,220	...	...	21,490	...	...
1 household maintainer	1,985	...	...	10,920	...	...
2 household maintainers	1,185	...	...	10,065	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	55	...	...	505	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	3,220	...	...	21,495	...	...
15 to 24 years	100	...	...	615	...	...
25 to 34 years	405	...	...	4,990	...	...
35 to 44 years	405	...	...	5,975	...	...
45 to 54 years	535	...	...	4,435	...	...
55 to 64 years	625	...	...	3,275	...	...
65 to 74 years	605	...	...	1,535	...	...
75 to 84 years	375	...	...	535	...	...
85 years and over	170	...	...	125	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	3,215	...	...	21,450	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	2,325	...	...	17,245	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	895	...	...	4,210	...	...
30% to less than 100%	815	...	...	3,815	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,950	...	...	17,725	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	53.3	...	...	81.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	11.8	...	...	16.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	801	...	...	1,793	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	951	...	...	1,741	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	219,894	...	...	400,239	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	252,316	...	...	414,632	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,270	...	...	3,765	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	11.4	...	...	2.9	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	52.4	...	...	36.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	831	...	...	1,555	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	863	...	...	1,598	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	5,905	2,745	3,160	45,545	22,610	22,935
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,735	840	895	6,110	3,385	2,720
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	1,875	820	1,055	13,540	6,750	6,790
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,295	1,080	1,210	25,900	12,475	13,425
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	430	295	135	5,095	4,000	1,100
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	165	100	60	1,560	935	625
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	260	190	70	3,535	3,060	475
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,225	485	735	11,045	4,310	6,740
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	40	15	20	1,500	580	920
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	605	290	315	8,255	3,590	4,665
Bachelor's degree	435	200	230	6,405	2,695	3,715
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	65	25	40	465	160	305
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	0	0	185	100	90
Master's degree	100	55	40	1,055	535	520
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	135	100	35
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	3,480	1,685	1,800	35,140	17,370	17,770
No certificate, diploma or degree	640	365	275	2,610	1,555	1,055
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	1,210	555	660	9,720	4,860	4,860
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,625	760	860	22,815	10,960	11,850
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	225	160	70	4,355	3,470	890
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	85	50	35	1,210	735	480
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	145	115	30	3,145	2,735	410
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	935	400	530	9,715	3,805	5,910
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	30	10	20	1,280	525	755
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	435	190	240	7,455	3,160	4,300
Bachelor's degree	340	155	180	5,790	2,380	3,405
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	25	0	25	420	150	275
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	10	170	85	85
Master's degree	70	40	35	965	475	495
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	110	75	40
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	5,905	2,745	3,160	45,545	22,615	22,935
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	3,610	1,660	1,950	19,650	10,135	9,510
Education	150	50	95	1,690	355	1,335
13. Education	145	55	100	1,690	355	1,335
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	70	15	55	670	250	420
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	15	0	180	100	80
50. Visual and performing arts	50	0	50	490	145	345
Humanities	145	60	80	910	360	550
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	70	15	50
23. English language and literature/letters	60	25	30	165	40	125
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	15	10	10	245	85	160
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	10	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	0	10	70	25	45
39. Theology and religious vocations	25	10	15	205	125	80
54. History	20	15	10	135	50	85
55. French language and literature/letters	10	0	10	20	10	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	230	65	165	2,350	690	1,660
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	20	10	20
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	10	300	100	200
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	90	0	90	405	10	400
22. Legal professions and studies	35	10	25	470	130	345
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	25	0	20
42. Psychology	20	10	10	370	75	295
45. Social sciences	70	40	30	760	370	390
Business, management and public administration	355	80	275	5,480	1,770	3,710
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	60	0	55	295	35	260
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	300	75	225	5,175	1,730	3,450
Physical and life sciences and technologies	60	40	15	665	325	335
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	25	15	10	260	105	160
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15	15	0	170	90	80
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	20	15	0	180	115	65
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	50	20	30
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	65	40	25	905	615	285
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	30	15	15	810	595	215
25. Library science	0	0	0	55	10	45
27. Mathematics and statistics	30	20	10	35	15	20
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	10	0	0	0	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	535	510	25	6,905	6,230	675
04. Architecture and related services	15	15	0	130	90	35
14. Engineering	25	20	0	975	805	175
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	115	110	10	1,545	1,225	325
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	190	190	0	1,770	1,715	55
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	125	120	10	1,720	1,650	70
48. Precision production	70	60	10	770	745	20
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	60	60	0	535	305	235
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	50	45	0	300	200	95
03. Natural resources and conservation	15	10	10	245	100	145
Health and related fields	425	75	350	3,970	665	3,300
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	75	25	50	355	200	150
51. Health professions and related programs	355	50	300	3,590	445	3,145
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	25	20	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	195	80	115	1,810	910	900
12. Personal and culinary services	100	0	100	905	185	715
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	25	20	0
43. Security and protective services	60	50	10	380	265	115
49. Transportation and materials moving	30	25	0	495	425	65
Other	0	0	0	0	10	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	10	10	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	3,480	1,685	1,795	35,140	17,370	17,770
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	1,860	920	935	12,330	6,410	5,920
Education	80	25	55	1,455	285	1,170
13. Education	80	25	55	1,455	285	1,170
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	60	10	50	610	215	395
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	15	0	155	75	75
50. Visual and performing arts	45	0	40	455	135	320
Humanities	110	40	65	770	295	480
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	0	50	10	45
23. English language and literature/letters	40	15	30	145	30	115
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	15	10	15	210	65	145
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	10	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	0	10	60	25	40
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	10	10	170	105	65
54. History	10	10	0	110	45	70
55. French language and literature/letters	10	0	10	10	10	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	175	40	135	2,120	600	1,520
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	15	10	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	10	270	80	185
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	70	0	65	360	0	350
22. Legal professions and studies	35	10	30	410	110	300
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	20	0	15
42. Psychology	15	10	10	325	50	270
45. Social sciences	45	15	25	715	340	380
Business, management and public administration	255	60	195	4,870	1,610	3,260
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	45	10	40	255	40	215
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	210	55	155	4,610	1,570	3,040
Physical and life sciences and technologies	40	35	10	580	270	310
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	20	15	10	245	90	155
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	10	0	135	75	65
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	10
40. Physical sciences	15	15	0	160	100	60
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	30	10	25
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	50	30	25	855	580	280
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	35	15	15	775	565	205
25. Library science	0	0	0	50	10	45
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	10	10	30	10	20
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	365	350	15	6,045	5,455	590
04. Architecture and related services	10	10	0	95	75	25
14. Engineering	10	15	0	850	695	155
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	95	95	0	1,350	1,050	295
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	120	120	0	1,600	1,560	40
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	85	80	0	1,480	1,430	50
48. Precision production	50	35	15	660	645	15
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	55	50	10	485	275	215
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	40	40	0	260	185	85
03. Natural resources and conservation	15	10	10	220	95	130
Health and related fields	280	50	230	3,430	580	2,855
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	45	20	20	315	185	130
51. Health professions and related programs	240	35	205	3,110	385	2,720
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	15	10	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	140	65	75	1,585	800	785
12. Personal and culinary services	70	0	60	785	155	635
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	20	20	0
43. Security and protective services	50	40	10	330	235	95
49. Transportation and materials moving	25	20	0	440	390	50
Other	0	0	0	10	10	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	10	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	5,905	2,740	3,155	45,545	22,610	22,940
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,605	1,660	1,950	19,650	10,135	9,510
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	2,295	1,085	1,210	25,900	12,475	13,425
Location of study inside Canada	2,185	1,025	1,155	22,755	10,955	11,800
Same as province or territory of residence	2,105	995	1,105	15,215	7,430	7,785
Different than province or territory of residence	80	30	50	7,545	3,525	4,015
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	110	55	50	3,140	1,520	1,625
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	35	15	20	590	335	250
Philippines	10	0	0	575	230	345
India	0	0	10	250	120	130
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	20	10	10	460	245	215
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	50	25	30
France	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other	40	20	15	1,205	550	655
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	3,480	1,685	1,795	35,140	17,375	17,770
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,855	920	935	12,330	6,410	5,920
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	1,625	760	860	22,815	10,955	11,850
Location of study inside Canada	1,570	735	830	19,995	9,625	10,365
Same as province or territory of residence	1,520	720	800	13,340	6,515	6,825
Different than province or territory of residence	50	15	35	6,660	3,110	3,540
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	55	30	30	2,815	1,330	1,485
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	30	0	20	510	270	240
Philippines	10	10	0	555	220	340
India	10	0	0	225	95	130
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	10	0	0	355	200	160
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	50	25	25
France	0	0	0	15	10	0
Other	10	10	0	1,105	510	595
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	5,905	2,740	3,160	45,545	22,610	22,940
In the labour force	3,370	1,645	1,725	35,895	19,120	16,775
Employed	3,175	1,550	1,625	32,910	17,425	15,480
Unemployed	195	95	100	2,990	1,690	1,295
Not in the labour force	2,535	1,095	1,435	9,650	3,490	6,160
Participation rate	57.1	60.0	54.6	78.8	84.6	73.1
Employment rate	53.8	56.6	51.4	72.3	77.1	67.5
Unemployment rate	5.8	5.8	5.8	8.3	8.8	7.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	5,900	2,740	3,160	45,545	22,610	22,935
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	2,355	1,015	1,335	8,445	3,055	5,395
Worked	3,550	1,725	1,825	37,100	19,560	17,545
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	1,800	990	805	20,870	12,055	8,815
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	1,755	735	1,015	16,230	7,505	8,725
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.6	44.1	43.2	43.8	44.8	42.8
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	3,370	1,645	1,725	35,895	19,120	16,780
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	55	25	30	510	195	315
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	3,315	1,620	1,695	35,390	18,925	16,465
Employee	3,050	1,500	1,550	32,045	17,030	15,015
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	265	120	150	3,345	1,895	1,450
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	3,370	1,645	1,725	35,900	19,120	16,780
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	55	25	30	510	195	315
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	3,315	1,620	1,695	35,390	18,920	16,465
0 Management occupations	220	115	100	4,085	2,520	1,565
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	375	90	280	5,925	1,555	4,370
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	80	70	10	2,945	2,375	575
3 Health occupations	205	35	165	2,170	280	1,895
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	355	125	230	3,565	1,195	2,365
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	115	25	90	645	230	415
6 Sales and service occupations	960	350	610	7,405	2,970	4,435
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	595	570	20	6,975	6,420	555
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	95	55	40	830	700	130
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	330	175	155	845	680	165
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	3,370	1,645	1,725	35,895	19,120	16,780
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	55	25	30	510	195	310
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	3,315	1,620	1,695	35,390	18,920	16,465
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	65	45	20	300	215	80
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	10	15	0	1,990	1,350	645
22 Utilities	65	60	10	345	210	135
23 Construction	250	225	25	4,295	3,620	670
31-33 Manufacturing	575	360	210	1,965	1,530	430
41 Wholesale trade	65	40	25	1,420	1,010	410
44-45 Retail trade	555	225	335	4,530	2,075	2,455
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	100	80	20	3,005	1,960	1,045
51 Information and cultural industries	55	25	25	675	390	285
52 Finance and insurance	110	35	75	1,000	335	660
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	15	10	0	635	335	295
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	60	15	45	2,320	1,285	1,040
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	120	40	75
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	125	75	55	1,250	690	555
61 Educational services	215	55	155	1,905	470	1,430
62 Health care and social assistance	410	65	345	3,530	380	3,150
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	105	45	55	585	310	270
72 Accommodation and food services	200	70	135	1,745	700	1,050
81 Other services (except public administration)	190	95	95	1,640	735	905
91 Public administration	135	80	55	2,130	1,265	865
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	3,175	1,550	1,625	32,910	17,425	15,480
Worked at home	115	50	65	2,140	845	1,290
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	120	110	15
No fixed workplace address	260	185	80	5,505	4,295	1,210
Worked at usual place	2,795	1,310	1,485	25,140	12,175	12,965
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	2,795	1,315	1,480	25,140	12,175	12,960
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,725	690	1,035	8,250	3,140	5,115
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	295	145	150	15,970	8,385	7,580
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	770	465	300	790	580	210
Commute to a different province or territory	10	0	0	120	70	55
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	3,060	1,500	1,560	30,645	16,470	14,175
Car, truck, van - as a driver	2,410	1,205	1,205	26,680	14,650	12,030
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	195	85	110	1,540	620	920
Public transit	0	0	0	825	325	500
Walked	355	155	200	730	305	425
Bicycle	40	30	10	180	120	65
Other method	50	15	35	690	450	240
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	3,060	1,500	1,560	30,645	16,470	14,180
Less than 15 minutes	1,775	750	1,025	7,770	3,130	4,640
15 to 29 minutes	695	375	320	8,975	4,970	4,000
30 to 44 minutes	250	140	110	9,000	5,395	3,605
45 to 59 minutes	180	115	65	3,045	1,735	1,310
60 minutes and over	160	115	40	1,865	1,235	630
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	3,055	1,500	1,560	30,650	16,475	14,180
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	265	165	100	3,120	2,305	810
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	640	420	220	8,015	5,090	2,925
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	670	345	325	8,240	3,960	4,270
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	555	175	380	4,520	1,770	2,745
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	345	105	240	2,480	930	1,550
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	595	290	300	4,270	2,410	1,865
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	3,630	1,755	1,875	38,015	19,950	18,065
Single responses	3,620	1,755	1,870	37,815	19,870	17,945
Official languages	3,620	1,750	1,865	37,755	19,835	17,915
English	3,615	1,755	1,855	37,610	19,805	17,805
French	0	0	10	140	35	110
Non-official languages	10	0	10	60	30	30
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	60	30	30
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	0	10	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	10	0	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	10	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	200	80	120
English and French	0	0	10	105	35	75
English and non-official language	0	0	0	90	40	50
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	10	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	3,625	1,755	1,875	38,015	19,945	18,065
None	3,610	1,755	1,850	36,950	19,475	17,475
English	10	0	10	120	35	85
French	0	0	0	515	215	300
Non-official language	10	0	10	410	220	190
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	10	0	10	410	220	190
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	20	0	15
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	6,935	3,270	3,660	59,740	29,995	29,740
Non-movers	6,130	2,875	3,255	48,880	24,610	24,270
Movers	805	395	405	10,860	5,385	5,475
Non-migrants	330	170	165	5,200	2,600	2,595
Migrants	475	230	240	5,660	2,780	2,880
Internal migrants	450	220	230	5,355	2,650	2,705
Intraprovincial migrants	435	220	220	4,560	2,265	2,305
Interprovincial migrants	15	0	10	795	390	405
External migrants	20	10	15	305	130	170
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	6,690	3,185	3,505	55,385	27,680	27,705
Non-movers	4,225	2,010	2,210	24,090	12,165	11,925
Movers	2,470	1,175	1,300	31,295	15,520	15,780
Non-migrants	1,080	520	565	11,580	5,805	5,775
Migrants	1,390	660	730	19,715	9,710	10,000
Internal migrants	1,365	645	715	18,250	9,010	9,240
Intraprovincial migrants	1,325	625	700	13,000	6,445	6,550
Interprovincial migrants	40	25	15	5,250	2,565	2,680
External migrants	20	10	10	1,470	705	760

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Hanover [Population centre], Ontario and Airdrie [Population centre], Alberta (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 1, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Hanover [Population centre], Ontario and Airdrie [Population centre], Alberta

Census Profile, 2016 Census Hanover [Population centre], Ontario and Airdrie [Population centre], Alberta

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Hanover [Population centre], Ontario and Airdrie [Population centre], Alberta