Census Profile, 2016 Census
Hudson Bay [Population centre], Saskatchewan and Richmond Centre [Federal electoral district], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Hudson Bay Saskatchewan [Population centre]			Richmond Centre British Columbia [Federal electoral district]
	Data quality , Hudson Bay [Population centre], Saskatchewan Map : Hudson Bay [Population centre], Saskatchewan Change geography 1			Data quality : Richmond Centre [Federal electoral district], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	1,306	...	...	98,396	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	1,311 ^r	...	...	93,863	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-0.4	...	...	4.8	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	716	...	...	39,532	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	652	...	...	37,103	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,031.2	...	...	2,276.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	1.27	...	...	43.23	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	1,305	655	650	98,395	46,610	51,790
0 to 14 years	190	100	90	12,975	6,630	6,340
0 to 4 years	65	30	30	4,275	2,145	2,125
5 to 9 years	75	35	35	4,185	2,130	2,060
10 to 14 years	55	30	25	4,515	2,360	2,155
15 to 64 years	780	405	375	67,920	31,990	35,930
15 to 19 years	65	35	30	5,775	3,000	2,775
20 to 24 years	65	35	30	7,000	3,580	3,420
25 to 29 years	55	30	25	7,125	3,525	3,605
30 to 34 years	55	30	25	6,170	2,995	3,175
35 to 39 years	65	25	40	5,380	2,545	2,835
40 to 44 years	75	45	35	6,000	2,545	3,450
45 to 49 years	55	30	25	7,415	3,220	4,195
50 to 54 years	90	50	45	8,130	3,705	4,425
55 to 59 years	115	60	50	7,885	3,565	4,320
60 to 64 years	140	70	70	7,040	3,305	3,730
65 years and over	335	150	185	17,505	7,990	9,520
65 to 69 years	110	55	55	6,140	2,900	3,240
70 to 74 years	70	35	30	3,770	1,810	1,955
75 to 79 years	65	25	40	3,055	1,390	1,665
80 to 84 years	45	20	25	2,295	1,050	1,245
85 years and over	55	15	35	2,245	830	1,415
85 to 89 years	35	15	20	1,385	565	820
90 to 94 years	15	0	10	635	210	425
95 to 99 years	10	0	5	185	50	135
100 years and over	0	0	0	40	5	30
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.6	15.3	13.8	13.2	14.2	12.2
15 to 64 years	59.8	61.8	57.7	69.0	68.6	69.4
65 years and over	25.7	22.9	28.5	17.8	17.1	18.4
85 years and over	4.2	2.3	5.4	2.3	1.8	2.7
Average age of the population	46.8	45.2	48.5	42.7	41.6	43.7
Median age of the population	51.9	49.8	53.1	44.1	42.2	45.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	655	...	...	37,100	...	...
Single-detached house	535	...	...	13,355	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	7,030	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	80	...	...	16,710	...	...
Semi-detached house	20	...	...	765	...	...
Row house	25	...	...	5,280	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	5	...	...	1,840	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	25	...	...	8,820	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	5	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	35	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	650	...	...	37,105	...	...
1 person	270	...	...	8,595	...	...
2 persons	235	...	...	11,765	...	...
3 persons	60	...	...	7,450	...	...
4 persons	50	...	...	5,820	...	...
5 or more persons	35	...	...	3,470	...	...
Number of persons in private households	1,305	...	...	97,425	...	...
Average household size	2.0	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	1,115	555	560	85,420	39,975	45,445
Married or living common law	635	320	320	50,890	24,925	25,960
Married	535	265	270	47,420	23,190	24,225
Living common law	100	50	50	3,470	1,730	1,735
Not married and not living common law	480	235	245	34,535	15,055	19,485
Never married	245	160	85	24,075	12,315	11,760
Separated	35	20	15	1,625	580	1,040
Divorced	70	40	35	4,750	1,455	3,300
Widowed	125	20	105	4,085	700	3,385
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	365	...	...	28,885	...	...
2 persons	230	...	...	13,375	...	...
3 persons	55	...	...	8,060	...	...
4 persons	55	...	...	5,905	...	...
5 or more persons	25	...	...	1,545	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	365	...	...	28,890	...	...
Total couple families	315	...	...	24,000	...	...
Married couples	265	...	...	22,265	...	...
Common-law couples	50	...	...	1,735	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	50	...	...	4,885	...	...
Female parent	40	...	...	4,130	...	...
Male parent	15	...	...	760	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	315	...	...	24,005	...	...
Couples without children	195	...	...	10,150	...	...
Couples with children	115	...	...	13,850	...	...
1 child	40	...	...	6,720	...	...
2 children	50	...	...	5,655	...	...
3 or more children	30	...	...	1,485	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	50	...	...	4,885	...	...
1 child	35	...	...	3,220	...	...
2 children	10	...	...	1,350	...	...
3 or more children	5	...	...	315	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	320	150	170	14,770	6,040	8,730
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	650	...	...	37,105	...	...
One-census-family households	365	...	...	25,460	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	195	...	...	8,685	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	165	...	...	16,780	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	0	...	...	1,660	...	...
Non-census-family households	285	...	...	9,980	...	...
One-person households	275	...	...	8,595	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	20	...	...	1,390	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	1,305	655	650	97,620	46,335	51,280
English only	1,275	640	635	81,050	39,140	41,915
French only	0	0	0	25	15	10
English and French	25	10	20	4,485	2,085	2,400
Neither English nor French	5	0	0	12,060	5,100	6,960
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	1,305	650	655	97,620	46,335	51,280
English	1,290	645	645	84,590	40,755	43,835
French	5	5	5	505	275	225
English and French	5	5	0	595	270	325
Neither English nor French	10	5	5	11,925	5,030	6,900
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	5	0	5	805	415	390
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.4	0.0	0.8	0.8	0.9	0.8
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	1,305	650	650	97,620	46,335	51,285
Single responses	1,300	645	650	93,945	44,575	49,365
Official languages	1,210	605	600	30,345	15,600	14,745
English	1,200	605	590	29,860	15,335	14,530
French	10	5	5	480	270	215
Non-official languages	90	40	50	63,600	28,970	34,625
Aboriginal languages	5	5	0	5	0	5
Algonquian languages	5	0	5	5	0	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	0	0	0	5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	5
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Non-Aboriginal languages	85	35	45	63,590	28,970	34,615
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	755	415	345
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	45	25	20
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	45	25	20
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	700	385	315
Amharic	0	0	0	15	10	5
Arabic	0	0	0	535	295	240
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	15	10	10
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	115	65	55
Maltese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	10	5	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	5	0	275	120	160
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	20	10	5
Vietnamese	0	0	0	260	110	150
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	0	5	4,045	1,705	2,345
Bikol	0	0	0	30	10	15
Cebuano	0	0	0	120	50	70
Fijian	0	0	0	10	5	10
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	45	20	25
Ilocano	0	0	0	165	75	90
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	205	90	115
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	85	40	45
Pangasinan	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	0	3,355	1,410	1,945
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	5	0	5
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	10	20
Creole languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	5
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	175	90	85
Kannada	0	0	0	5	5	5
Malayalam	0	0	0	50	25	25
Tamil	0	0	0	100	50	50
Telugu	0	0	0	15	10	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	70	35	35	6,750	3,235	3,510
Albanian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Armenian	0	0	0	35	20	15
Balto-Slavic languages	50	25	25	1,865	875	990
Baltic languages	0	0	0	20	10	5
Latvian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Lithuanian	0	0	0	10	10	5
Slavic languages	50	25	25	1,845	870	985
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	15	15	10
Bulgarian	0	0	0	20	5	10
Croatian	0	0	0	120	60	60
Czech	0	0	0	85	45	40
Macedonian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Polish	0	0	0	150	70	80
Russian	5	5	0	1,075	490	580
Serbian	0	0	0	100	55	40
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Slovak	0	0	0	30	15	15
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Ukrainian	40	20	25	195	75	115
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Celtic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	15	5	5	870	440	425
Afrikaans	5	0	5	25	10	15
Danish	0	0	0	55	35	25
Dutch	0	0	0	165	85	80
Frisian	0	0	0	5	0	0
German	10	5	5	555	270	280
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	5	0	15	10	10
Swedish	0	0	0	25	10	15
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	25	15	5
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	150	75	75
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	2,535	1,205	1,330
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	2,055	970	1,085
Bengali	0	0	0	45	25	20
Gujarati	0	0	0	220	100	125
Hindi	0	0	0	345	150	195
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	5	5	5
Marathi	0	0	0	5	5	0
Nepali	0	0	0	5	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	1,020	490	525
Sindhi	0	0	0	85	35	50
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	35	20	15
Urdu	0	0	0	290	135	155
Iranian languages	0	0	0	470	230	235
Kurdish	0	0	0	20	10	5
Pashto	0	0	0	10	5	5
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	440	215	225
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	5
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	1,275	595	670
Catalan	0	0	0	5	5	5
Italian	0	0	5	135	75	60
Portuguese	0	0	0	190	100	90
Romanian	0	0	0	120	60	65
Spanish	0	0	0	820	365	455
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	1,090	410	675
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	595	255	340
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	0	40	20	20
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	5	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	5	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	5	0	0	5
Swahili	0	0	0	10	5	10
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	10	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	5	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	10	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	49,400	22,510	26,890
Chinese languages	5	0	5	49,315	22,470	26,835
Cantonese	0	0	0	22,870	10,535	12,335
Hakka	0	0	0	210	95	115
Mandarin	0	0	0	23,145	10,480	12,665
Min Dong	0	0	0	10	5	5
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	1,435	660	775
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	710	295	415
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	0	900	390	515
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	5	20
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	85	40	50
Burmese	0	0	0	75	25	45
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	95	25	70
Lao	0	0	0	10	5	5
Thai	0	0	0	85	20	65
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	5	0	5
Turkic languages	0	0	0	205	115	90
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	15	15	10
Turkish	0	0	0	185	105	85
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Uralic languages	5	0	5	100	45	55
Estonian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Finnish	0	0	0	25	10	10
Hungarian	5	0	5	75	30	40
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Multiple responses	5	5	0	3,675	1,760	1,915
English and French	0	0	0	120	70	60
English and non-official language	5	5	0	3,465	1,650	1,820
French and non-official language	0	0	0	30	10	15
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	55	35	20
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	1,305	650	650	97,620	46,335	51,285
Single responses	1,295	645	650	87,945	41,815	46,125
Official languages	1,265	635	630	42,030	20,890	21,140
English	1,265	630	630	41,870	20,805	21,060
French	0	5	0	165	90	80
Non-official languages	25	15	15	45,915	20,925	24,985
Aboriginal languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	25	15	15	45,910	20,925	24,985
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	395	200	190
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	20	5	15
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	20	10	15
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	370	190	180
Amharic	0	0	0	10	0	5
Arabic	0	0	0	295	160	140
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	10	5	5
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	45	20	25
Maltese	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	5	0	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	115	65	50
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Vietnamese	0	0	0	105	55	45
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	1,755	795	965
Bikol	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	30	15	20
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	15	5	5
Ilocano	0	0	0	25	10	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	70	35	40
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	25	10	15
Pangasinan	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	1,580	715	865
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	95	50	45
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	5
Malayalam	0	0	0	20	5	10
Tamil	0	0	0	65	35	30
Telugu	0	0	0	5	5	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	25	10	10	3,055	1,405	1,650
Albanian	0	0	0	20	10	5
Armenian	0	0	0	15	10	5
Balto-Slavic languages	20	10	10	1,035	480	550
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Latvian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slavic languages	20	10	10	1,025	480	545
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	5	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Croatian	0	0	0	20	10	15
Czech	0	0	0	30	10	15
Macedonian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Polish	0	0	0	40	15	20
Russian	5	5	0	745	345	400
Serbian	0	0	0	65	35	30
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Slovak	0	0	0	15	10	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	15	5	10	75	35	40
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	0	5	100	45	55
Afrikaans	5	5	0	10	5	5
Danish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Dutch	0	0	0	10	10	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	65	30	40
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	60	25	30
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	1,195	550	650
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	920	415	505
Bengali	0	0	0	25	15	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	100	45	60
Hindi	0	0	0	115	50	65
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	5	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	475	210	265
Sindhi	0	0	0	35	10	25
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	160	75	80
Iranian languages	0	0	0	270	130	140
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Pashto	0	0	0	5	5	5
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	255	120	135
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	640	290	350
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Portuguese	0	0	0	105	50	55
Romanian	0	0	0	55	30	25
Spanish	0	0	0	460	200	265
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	575	245	330
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	350	150	195
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	5	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	25	15	15
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	15	5	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	39,380	17,920	21,460
Chinese languages	5	0	5	39,335	17,900	21,440
Cantonese	0	0	0	18,360	8,280	10,080
Hakka	0	0	0	70	30	40
Mandarin	0	0	0	19,200	8,855	10,345
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	690	315	370
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	385	165	220
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	620	245	370
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	10
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	45	20	25
Burmese	0	0	0	40	15	25
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	35	15	20
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	95	50	40
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	5	0	5
Turkish	0	0	0	90	50	40
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	5	0	5
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	5	10	5	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	0	0	10	5	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	10	5	5	9,670	4,520	5,155
English and French	0	0	0	60	35	25
English and non-official language	10	5	5	9,520	4,435	5,085
French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	5	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	75	35	40
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	1,305	650	655	97,615	46,335	51,285
None	1,275	635	635	68,780	32,845	35,930
English	10	5	5	15,075	7,110	7,960
French	0	0	0	395	175	220
Non-official language	20	10	10	12,795	5,940	6,855
Aboriginal	0	0	0	20	5	5
Non-Aboriginal	20	10	10	12,775	5,930	6,845
English and French	0	0	0	40	25	20
English and non-official language	0	0	0	420	180	240
French and non-official language	0	0	0	105	60	50
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	5	5
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	1,115	555	560	84,470	39,635	44,830
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,080	535	545	80,475	37,705	42,770
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,840	44,480	22,656	24,467	28,495	21,742
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,080	535	545	80,610	37,840	42,775
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,600	39,450	21,547	22,949	25,776	21,018
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	965	500	465	71,285	33,820	37,460
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,581	39,040	17,856	24,852	29,881	20,984
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	805	355	450	58,985	24,885	34,100
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	10,293	12,688	9,632	1,444	720	2,145
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	745	410	335	54,340	26,915	27,430
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,776	42,240	20,800	28,272	32,082	24,768
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	1,125	575	545	84,450	39,660	44,785
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,100	570	530	80,520	37,660	42,865
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,935	51,027	28,101	37,803	44,261	32,130
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,100	570	535	80,660	37,790	42,870
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,766	41,863	25,128	31,687	35,912	27,962
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	970	525	445	71,340	33,725	37,610
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,502	46,200	23,005	38,225	45,709	31,515
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	885	425	455	59,105	24,995	34,110
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	10,699	11,245	10,189	5,363	5,005	5,626
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	695	390	305	54,300	26,935	27,365
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,275	52,911	26,316	40,247	47,174	33,428
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	1,125	575	550	84,450	39,660	44,790
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	260	175	90	21,225	11,810	9,415
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	67,951	86,979	55,468	51,367	55,862	47,126
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	70,029	77,328	55,129	63,872	71,306	54,552
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	81.8	86.5	74.6	89.5	92.3	86.1
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	64.1	70.3	55.5	71.5	75.5	66.7
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	18.0	13.3	25.8	10.5	7.7	13.9
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	1,115	550	560	84,470	39,635	44,830
Without total income	35	20	20	3,995	1,935	2,065
With total income	1,080	535	545	80,475	37,705	42,770
Percentage with total income	96.9	97.3	97.3	95.3	95.1	95.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	130	45	85	18,890	8,155	10,735
$10,000 to $19,999	235	75	155	16,240	6,820	9,415
$20,000 to $29,999	150	65	95	10,160	4,450	5,710
$30,000 to $39,999	120	60	55	8,185	3,645	4,535
$40,000 to $49,999	100	55	45	6,605	3,110	3,490
$50,000 to $59,999	70	30	35	5,095	2,485	2,610
$60,000 to $69,999	75	50	20	3,975	2,140	1,830
$70,000 to $79,999	40	25	10	2,840	1,570	1,275
$80,000 to $89,999	40	30	10	2,185	1,200	985
$90,000 to $99,999	25	20	10	1,525	880	645
$100,000 and over	90	75	15	4,780	3,245	1,540
$100,000 to $149,999	70	55	20	3,160	2,065	1,095
$150,000 and over	20	20	5	1,620	1,175	440
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	1,115	550	560	84,470	39,640	44,830
Without after-tax income	35	15	20	3,855	1,800	2,060
With after-tax income	1,075	535	545	80,610	37,840	42,775
Percentage with after-tax income	96.4	97.3	97.3	95.4	95.5	95.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	130	45	85	19,505	8,570	10,930
$10,000 to $19,999	245	80	165	16,880	7,185	9,695
$20,000 to $29,999	165	65	100	11,760	5,175	6,585
$30,000 to $39,999	150	85	65	9,210	4,195	5,010
$40,000 to $49,999	100	60	45	7,105	3,380	3,725
$50,000 to $59,999	95	60	35	5,325	2,815	2,510
$60,000 to $69,999	60	45	15	3,455	1,890	1,565
$70,000 to $79,999	40	30	15	2,345	1,305	1,040
$80,000 and over	80	65	15	5,030	3,320	1,710
$80,000 to $89,999	35	25	10	1,555	935	620
$90,000 to $99,999	15	15	0	965	615	355
$100,000 and over	25	25	0	2,505	1,770	740
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	1,115	555	565	84,470	39,640	44,830
Without employment income	370	145	225	30,130	12,725	17,400
With employment income	745	405	335	54,340	26,910	27,425
Percentage with employment income	66.8	73.0	59.3	64.3	67.9	61.2
Under $5,000 (including loss)	145	80	65	8,545	3,775	4,765
$5,000 to $9,999	60	25	40	4,790	2,105	2,685
$10,000 to $19,999	105	50	60	8,250	3,770	4,480
$20,000 to $29,999	70	20	50	6,590	3,145	3,445
$30,000 to $39,999	60	25	35	5,710	2,640	3,070
$40,000 to $49,999	60	30	30	5,030	2,370	2,660
$50,000 to $59,999	35	20	15	3,795	1,875	1,920
$60,000 to $69,999	45	30	15	2,925	1,680	1,245
$70,000 to $79,999	35	25	10	2,210	1,255	950
$80,000 and over	125	105	15	6,490	4,295	2,205
$80,000 to $89,999	30	25	5	1,705	975	730
$90,000 to $99,999	20	20	0	1,220	740	485
$100,000 and over	70	65	10	3,565	2,580	985
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	650	...	...	37,105	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	56,661	...	...	61,154	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	50,560	...	...	54,364	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	270	...	...	8,595	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	26,176	...	...	31,587	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	24,768	...	...	28,722	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	380	...	...	28,510	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	80,811	...	...	73,768	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	71,765	...	...	65,986	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	665	...	...	37,125	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	66,027	...	...	81,993	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	55,828	...	...	68,848	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	285	...	...	8,600	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,454	...	...	41,137	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	28,597	...	...	35,119	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	380	...	...	28,525	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	91,189	...	...	94,311	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	76,237	...	...	79,016	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	650	...	...	37,100	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	1,850	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	865	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	20	...	...	1,180	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	80	...	...	1,770	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	45	...	...	1,560	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	35	...	...	1,895	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	30	...	...	1,710	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	35	...	...	1,660	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	30	...	...	1,520	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	20	...	...	1,485	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	55	...	...	2,745	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	40	...	...	2,540	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	45	...	...	2,240	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	40	...	...	1,925	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	25	...	...	1,790	...	...
$100,000 and over	155	...	...	10,370	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	50	...	...	3,395	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	45	...	...	2,305	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	30	...	...	2,435	...	...
$200,000 and over	30	...	...	2,230	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	655	...	...	37,105	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	1,960	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	865	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	20	...	...	1,205	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	75	...	...	1,815	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	45	...	...	1,755	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	35	...	...	2,150	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	40	...	...	2,045	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	35	...	...	1,850	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	20	...	...	1,765	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	35	...	...	1,650	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	65	...	...	3,160	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	55	...	...	2,740	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	50	...	...	2,370	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	35	...	...	2,065	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	30	...	...	1,790	...	...
$100,000 and over	110	...	...	7,915	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	55	...	...	3,165	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	25	...	...	1,860	...	...
$150,000 and over	30	...	...	2,890	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	370	...	...	27,760	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	80,469	...	...	73,336	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	71,083	...	...	65,495	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	190	...	...	8,410	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	70,912	...	...	67,285	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	63,616	...	...	59,790	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	120	...	...	13,825	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	114,944	...	...	89,806	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	94,976	...	...	79,621	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	50	...	...	4,390	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,616	...	...	45,904	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	44,288	...	...	42,411	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	370	...	...	27,775	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	92,426	...	...	94,097	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	77,103	...	...	78,753	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	195	...	...	8,410	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	76,765	...	...	84,154	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	65,276	...	...	70,354	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	125	...	...	13,765	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	138,221	...	...	112,482	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	112,420	...	...	93,206	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	45	...	...	4,405	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	43,403	...	...	59,103	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	37,687	...	...	51,916	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	295	140	155	11,740	5,095	6,650
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	26,688	35,136	23,008	26,419	27,570	25,689
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	25,429	32,448	21,984	24,759	25,522	24,324
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	305	160	150	11,655	4,995	6,660
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	31,805	35,576	27,824	36,942	40,139	34,543
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	28,163	30,922	25,250	31,633	33,668	30,106
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	1,305	650	655	97,425	46,260	51,165
In the bottom half of the distribution	720	340	385	56,355	26,180	30,175
In the bottom decile	95	45	55	18,200	8,355	9,845
In the second decile	190	75	115	12,090	5,530	6,560
In the third decile	135	60	70	9,510	4,455	5,055
In the fourth decile	160	85	75	8,330	3,935	4,395
In the fifth decile	140	70	65	8,220	3,905	4,320
In the top half of the distribution	585	320	270	41,070	20,085	20,985
In the sixth decile	105	50	55	8,240	3,870	4,375
In the seventh decile	115	65	50	8,095	3,960	4,135
In the eighth decile	135	75	60	8,120	4,010	4,105
In the ninth decile	120	70	50	8,210	4,045	4,170
In the top decile	110	55	50	8,410	4,200	4,210
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	1,305	650	650	97,425	46,265	51,165
0 to 17 years	235	125	105	16,285	8,310	7,975
0 to 5 years	75	35	40	5,025	2,530	2,500
18 to 64 years	740	375	365	64,425	30,220	34,205
65 years and over	335	150	185	16,715	7,730	8,985
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	220	85	135	24,870	11,410	13,465
0 to 17 years	30	15	15	4,895	2,485	2,415
0 to 5 years	15	5	5	1,505	755	750
18 to 64 years	95	50	50	15,960	7,170	8,795
65 years and over	90	20	70	4,010	1,755	2,255
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	16.9	13.1	20.8	25.5	24.7	26.3
0 to 17 years (%)	12.8	12.0	14.3	30.1	29.9	30.3
0 to 5 years (%)	20.0	14.3	12.5	30.0	29.8	30.0
18 to 64 years (%)	12.8	13.3	13.7	24.8	23.7	25.7
65 years and over (%)	26.9	13.3	37.8	24.0	22.7	25.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	65	30	35	20,055	9,175	10,880
0 to 17 years	15	5	10	4,045	2,055	1,995
0 to 5 years	10	5	5	1,235	630	610
18 to 64 years	50	25	25	13,595	6,140	7,460
65 years and over	0	0	0	2,410	980	1,430
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.0	4.6	5.4	20.6	19.8	21.3
0 to 17 years (%)	6.4	4.0	9.5	24.8	24.7	25.0
0 to 5 years (%)	13.3	14.3	12.5	24.6	24.9	24.4
18 to 64 years (%)	6.8	6.7	6.8	21.1	20.3	21.8
65 years and over (%)	0.0	0.0	0.0	14.4	12.7	15.9
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	1,315	690	625	97,400	46,315	51,080
Official languages	1,320	690	630	85,440	41,190	44,250
English	1,315	690	630	85,405	41,175	44,225
French	25	10	10	4,525	2,125	2,400
Non-official languages	105	50	55	72,755	33,715	39,040
Aboriginal languages	10	0	0	25	0	15
Algonquian languages	10	0	0	10	0	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	10	0	10
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	10
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	10	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	100	50	55	72,735	33,710	39,025
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	1,185	605	580
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	95	70	25
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	95	70	25
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	1,145	570	575
Amharic	0	0	0	25	10	20
Arabic	0	0	0	760	410	350
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	350	150	200
Maltese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	390	170	220
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Vietnamese	0	0	0	365	155	215
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	6,015	2,605	3,405
Bikol	0	0	0	40	15	25
Cebuano	0	0	0	145	50	95
Fijian	0	0	0	40	10	30
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	50	10	35
Ilocano	0	0	0	200	75	130
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	385	180	200
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	60	25	35
Pangasinan	0	0	0	40	20	20
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	5,430	2,345	3,085
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	15	10	10
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	80	45	35
Creole languages	0	0	0	85	40	50
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	35	15	20
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	25	25
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	210	120	90
Kannada	0	0	0	0	10	10
Malayalam	0	0	0	35	25	15
Tamil	0	0	0	135	75	60
Telugu	0	0	0	30	20	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	90	50	45	9,315	4,570	4,750
Albanian	0	0	0	35	20	15
Armenian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Balto-Slavic languages	75	45	35	2,110	1,025	1,085
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	75	40	35	2,105	1,020	1,090
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Bulgarian	0	0	0	50	20	25
Croatian	0	0	0	145	80	70
Czech	0	0	0	100	70	35
Macedonian	0	0	0	30	10	15
Polish	0	0	0	210	110	105
Russian	45	30	15	1,335	610	725
Serbian	0	0	0	190	110	80
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Slovak	0	0	0	15	10	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ukrainian	65	30	30	260	130	125
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	10	10	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Germanic languages	15	10	10	1,310	670	645
Afrikaans	0	0	0	120	50	65
Danish	0	0	0	70	45	25
Dutch	0	0	0	200	95	105
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	20	10	10	855	450	405
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Swedish	0	0	0	50	20	30
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	55	30	25
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	245	135	105
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	3,520	1,690	1,835
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	2,990	1,435	1,560
Bengali	0	0	0	60	35	20
Gujarati	0	0	0	450	185	260
Hindi	0	0	0	1,010	510	500
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	15	10	15
Marathi	0	0	0	30	15	15
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	1,450	725	730
Sindhi	0	0	0	155	60	90
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	70	35	35
Urdu	0	0	0	500	250	250
Iranian languages	0	0	0	555	265	290
Kurdish	0	0	0	25	15	15
Pashto	0	0	0	30	15	15
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	510	245	265
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	0	0	2,335	1,170	1,165
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	350	190	160
Portuguese	0	0	0	265	130	135
Romanian	0	0	0	130	70	65
Spanish	10	0	0	1,700	830	875
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	1,710	765	945
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	665	305	360
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	45	10	35
Mongolian	0	0	0	50	10	35
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	145	85	60
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ewe	0	0	0	10	15	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	10	0	10
Swahili	0	0	0	100	55	45
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	50	10	40
American Sign Language	0	0	0	20	0	20
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	0	20
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	54,785	25,330	29,455
Chinese languages	0	0	0	54,735	25,315	29,420
Cantonese	0	0	0	28,435	13,235	15,205
Hakka	0	0	0	260	125	140
Mandarin	0	0	0	33,870	15,285	18,585
Min Dong	0	0	0	20	10	10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	2,150	940	1,210
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	1,040	450	595
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	845	390	450
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	15	30
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	105	40	65
Burmese	0	0	0	95	30	65
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	10	15	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	95	20	70
Lao	0	0	0	10	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	85	20	70
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	245	140	100
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	10	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	225	125	95
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Uralic languages	10	0	10	110	55	50
Estonian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Finnish	0	0	0	20	10	10
Hungarian	10	0	10	80	50	35
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	1,315	690	625	97,395	46,320	51,080
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	1,275	655	615	78,370	37,545	40,825
Canadian citizens aged under 18	225	120	100	13,835	7,180	6,655
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	1,050	535	515	64,535	30,365	34,170
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	40	30	10	19,025	8,780	10,250
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	1,315	690	630	97,395	46,315	51,080
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	1,265	655	610	32,575	16,710	15,870
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	35	20	10	61,150	27,925	33,225
Before 1981	15	10	10	8,085	3,875	4,210
1981 to 1990	0	0	0	7,120	3,320	3,795
1991 to 2000	0	0	0	20,110	9,180	10,930
2001 to 2010	10	10	10	17,120	7,585	9,535
2001 to 2005	0	0	0	7,805	3,455	4,345
2006 to 2010	10	10	10	9,315	4,130	5,190
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	20	15	10	8,720	3,965	4,755
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	20	10	0	3,670	1,680	1,990
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	35	25	10	61,155	27,930	33,225
Under 5 years	15	10	10	4,480	2,340	2,140
5 to 14 years	0	0	0	9,590	4,975	4,610
15 to 24 years	10	10	0	9,915	4,650	5,270
25 to 44 years	15	0	10	27,655	11,440	16,215
45 years and over	0	0	0	9,510	4,520	4,990
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	35	25	10	61,155	27,930	33,225
Americas	0	0	0	1,780	810	975
Brazil	0	0	0	75	25	50
Colombia	0	0	0	70	40	30
El Salvador	0	0	0	65	30	35
Guyana	0	0	0	15	0	15
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	60	30	30
Mexico	0	0	0	215	105	110
Peru	0	0	0	135	50	90
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	75	35	50
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	710	335	380
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	355	170	190
Europe	30	20	15	4,160	2,070	2,090
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	60	40	20
Croatia	0	0	0	85	40	40
France	0	0	0	40	25	20
Germany	0	0	0	375	180	195
Greece	0	0	0	95	60	35
Hungary	0	0	10	40	30	15
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	75	35	35
Italy	0	0	0	125	80	40
Netherlands	0	0	0	175	95	85
Poland	0	0	0	145	70	75
Portugal	0	0	0	60	40	25
Romania	0	0	0	115	55	65
Russian Federation	10	0	0	475	180	285
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	80	20	55
Ukraine	20	15	10	375	195	185
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	1,305	615	695
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	555	325	230
Africa	0	0	0	1,100	610	490
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	145	95	55
Ethiopia	0	0	0	35	10	25
Kenya	0	0	0	185	95	90
Morocco	0	0	0	20	15	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	30	25	10
Somalia	0	0	0	70	55	15
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	240	120	115
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	360	195	170
Asia	0	0	0	53,660	24,240	29,420
Afghanistan	0	0	0	35	10	20
Bangladesh	0	0	0	35	15	15
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	24,445	10,925	13,520
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	12,435	5,775	6,660
India	0	0	0	1,380	655	720
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	415	200	215
Iraq	0	0	0	185	90	95
Japan	0	0	0	700	255	440
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	525	240	285
Lebanon	0	0	0	35	15	25
Pakistan	0	0	0	385	190	200
Philippines	0	0	0	5,870	2,595	3,270
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	145	75	70
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	70	30	40
Taiwan	0	0	0	4,240	1,895	2,345
Viet Nam	0	0	0	395	195	200
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	2,365	1,070	1,300
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	445	205	245
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	20	15	10	8,715	3,965	4,755
Americas	0	0	0	230	115	115
Brazil	0	0	0	30	10	15
Colombia	0	0	0	20	15	10
Cuba	0	0	0	10	0	10
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	35	30	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	90	40	50
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	45	20	25
Europe	15	10	0	190	70	120
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	85	20	70
Ukraine	10	10	10	35	15	20
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	35	25	10
Africa	0	0	0	145	85	65
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	50	30	20
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	10	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	15	10	0
Somalia	0	0	0	20	10	10
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	30	15	20
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	25	15	10
Asia	0	10	0	8,105	3,675	4,435
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	15	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	5,615	2,505	3,110
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	280	110	175
India	0	0	0	135	70	70
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	65	35	30
Iraq	0	0	0	105	55	45
Israel	0	0	0	20	0	10
Japan	0	0	0	80	20	60
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	105	55	55
Lebanon	0	0	0	15	10	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	90	55	35
Philippines	0	0	0	965	445	515
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	35	25	15
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	65	25	40
Taiwan	0	0	0	250	120	125
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	25	0	20
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	235	120	115
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	40	20	20
Australia	0	0	0	20	10	10
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	25	0	15
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	1,320	690	630	97,395	46,315	51,080
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	55	35	20	65,415	29,970	35,450
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	220	95	125	20,420	10,400	10,020
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	1,045	560	485	11,555	5,950	5,610
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	25	15	10	53,590	24,295	29,300
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	25	15	0	39,095	18,655	20,440
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	0	10	0	13,430	8,225	5,205
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	20	15	0	25,665	10,430	15,235
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	0	0	0	11,535	4,215	7,315
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	0	1,585	820	760
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	1,380	605	780
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	1,320	690	625	97,400	46,315	51,080
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	115	65	50	685	345	345
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	110	65	50	665	330	330
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	15	10	0	390	205	190
Métis	90	55	40	255	120	140
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	10	15	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	10	0	10	10	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	1,205	625	575	96,710	45,975	50,735
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	1,315	690	630	97,395	46,315	51,080
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	20	10	10	330	175	155
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	1,300	680	620	97,065	46,140	50,925
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	1,320	690	630	97,395	46,315	51,075
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	15	0	20	160	85	70
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	15	0	15	155	85	75
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	10	0	10	135	70	70
Métis single ancestry	10	0	10	20	15	10
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	10	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	110	75	40	780	380	400
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	110	75	40	730	370	365
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	30	20	0	550	285	265
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	80	50	30	170	80	95
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	45	10	35
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	45	10	40
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	1,190	620	570	96,460	45,855	50,605
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	1,320	690	630	97,395	46,315	51,080
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	0	0	0	75,805	35,385	40,420
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	4,190	2,070	2,115
Chinese	0	0	0	57,490	26,760	30,725
Black	0	0	0	585	295	290
Filipino	0	0	0	5,915	2,625	3,290
Latin American	0	0	0	720	335	385
Arab	0	0	0	700	380	315
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	860	355	500
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	535	265	275
Korean	0	0	0	705	330	375
Japanese	0	0	0	1,680	770	910
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	170	85	85
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	2,260	1,110	1,155
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	1,320	690	630	21,585	10,935	10,655
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	1,315	690	630	97,395	46,315	51,075
North American Aboriginal origins	130	70	60	935	460	475
First Nations (North American Indian)	40	20	20	735	365	365
Inuit	0	0	0	0	10	10
Métis	90	50	45	240	100	140
Other North American origins	300	155	150	6,670	3,490	3,180
Acadian	0	0	0	25	10	10
American	0	0	10	770	390	375
Canadian	295	155	145	6,200	3,260	2,940
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	15	0	15
European origins	1,165	620	550	23,420	11,635	11,785
British Isles origins	565	290	275	13,385	6,590	6,795
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	335	180	155	8,370	4,125	4,245
Irish	170	70	100	4,275	1,915	2,355
Manx	0	0	0	45	10	30
Scottish	150	45	105	5,785	2,855	2,930
Welsh	30	10	20	795	365	430
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	40	30	15	955	470	485
French origins	195	105	90	2,445	1,240	1,205
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	10	10	0
French	195	105	90	2,445	1,240	1,205
Western European origins (except French origins)	390	185	205	5,195	2,590	2,605
Austrian	15	0	15	365	200	165
Bavarian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Belgian	10	0	10	185	80	105
Dutch	75	30	45	1,235	600	635
Flemish	0	0	0	25	10	20
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	355	175	175	3,750	1,885	1,865
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	140	55	85
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	20	0	15
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	200	90	110	2,020	1,000	1,020
Danish	10	10	0	495	245	250
Finnish	0	0	0	230	135	95
Icelandic	10	0	0	150	85	70
Norwegian	150	65	90	645	265	380
Swedish	60	30	30	590	310	280
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	110	60	50
Eastern European origins	520	300	220	5,275	2,615	2,665
Bulgarian	0	0	0	80	40	40
Byelorussian	0	0	0	75	40	30
Czech	10	10	0	250	130	115
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	65	45	25
Estonian	0	0	0	60	35	25
Hungarian	50	30	10	415	210	195
Latvian	10	0	10	50	20	25
Lithuanian	0	0	0	90	50	40
Moldovan	0	0	0	20	10	10
Polish	100	55	45	1,360	655	705
Romanian	15	0	10	325	160	160
Russian	55	40	15	1,695	785	910
Slovak	0	0	0	65	25	35
Ukrainian	365	215	150	1,905	905	1,000
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	110	60	55
Southern European origins	40	30	10	4,400	2,255	2,150
Albanian	0	0	0	35	20	15
Bosnian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	240	145	100
Cypriot	0	0	0	20	10	10
Greek	0	0	0	420	225	195
Italian	20	15	10	1,115	630	485
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Maltese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	15	10	10	600	305	300
Serbian	0	0	0	220	130	95
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	45	10	30
Spanish	0	0	0	1,880	880	1,000
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	80	35	40
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	0	0	0	710	345	365
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	540	260	275
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	25	15	15
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	140	65	75
Caribbean origins	0	0	0	375	170	200
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	15	0	15
Barbadian	0	0	0	45	25	25
Bermudan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Carib	0	0	0	10	0	10
Cuban	0	0	0	15	10	10
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	10
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	25	10	10
Jamaican	0	0	0	110	55	55
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	10
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	125	55	70
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Latin, Central and South American origins	0	0	0	945	455	485
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	65	30	35
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	25	10	10
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	75	30	50
Chilean	0	0	0	35	15	15
Colombian	0	0	0	75	35	40
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	10	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	45	20	25
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	340	175	165
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	50	30	25
Panamanian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Paraguayan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	85	40	50
Salvadorean	0	0	0	80	40	40
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	30	15	15
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	55	20	35
African origins	0	0	0	910	490	425
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	95	50	40
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	35	10	25
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	35	20	10
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	15	10	10
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	10	10	0
North African origins	0	0	0	240	135	110
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	160	105	55
Libyan	0	0	0	10	10	10
Maure	0	0	0	10	0	10
Moroccan	0	0	0	45	20	30
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	15	10	15
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	305	180	125
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	10
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	60	20	40
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	95	70	25
South African	0	0	0	85	50	35
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	10	10	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	15	10	0
Other African origins	0	0	0	285	130	155
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	45	30	15
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	240	100	135
Asian origins	0	10	0	74,410	34,635	39,775
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	0	0	0	1,720	880	850
Afghan	0	0	0	55	30	25
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	120	50	70
Armenian	0	0	0	45	20	20
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	50	35	10
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	575	280	295
Iraqi	0	0	0	180	90	95
Israeli	0	0	0	180	90	90
Jordanian	0	0	0	55	35	20
Kazakh	0	0	0	15	10	0
Kurd	0	0	0	25	15	10
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	15	0	10
Lebanese	0	0	0	65	35	30
Palestinian	0	0	0	110	70	40
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Syrian	0	0	0	65	30	35
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	10	0	10
Turk	0	0	0	215	115	95
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	45	15	35
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	115	60	50
South Asian origins	0	0	0	4,370	2,170	2,195
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	20	0	15
Bengali	0	0	0	30	15	15
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	0	0	3,635	1,825	1,805
Goan	0	0	0	50	25	25
Gujarati	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	395	170	220
Punjabi	0	0	0	235	120	110
Sinhalese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	215	105	105
Tamil	0	0	0	35	10	25
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	95	60	30
East and Southeast Asian origins	0	10	0	68,535	31,710	36,825
Burmese	0	0	0	65	25	40
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	20	20	0
Chinese	0	0	0	58,725	27,385	31,340
Filipino	0	0	0	6,710	3,015	3,695
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	170	70	100
Japanese	0	0	0	2,065	955	1,115
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	870	425	450
Laotian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Malaysian	0	0	0	240	115	120
Mongolian	0	0	0	70	15	50
Singaporean	0	0	0	45	20	25
Taiwanese	0	0	0	1,780	850	930
Thai	0	0	0	90	15	70
Tibetan	0	0	0	35	25	10
Vietnamese	0	0	0	535	235	295
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	80	45	35
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	75	40	35
Oceania origins	0	0	0	390	185	210
Australian	0	0	0	135	75	55
New Zealander	0	0	0	60	15	40
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	205	95	115
Fijian	0	0	0	130	60	70
Hawaiian	0	0	0	40	15	25
Maori	0	0	0	10	0	10
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Samoan	0	0	0	30	15	15
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	665	...	...	37,125	...	...
Owner	530	...	...	27,595	...	...
Renter	140	...	...	9,530	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	665	...	...	37,125	...	...
Condominium	0	...	...	16,485	...	...
Not condominium	660	...	...	20,640	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	665	...	...	37,125	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	175	...	...
1 bedroom	70	...	...	5,930	...	...
2 bedrooms	155	...	...	10,905	...	...
3 bedrooms	175	...	...	9,525	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	270	...	...	10,585	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	665	...	...	37,125	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	120	...	...	16,080	...	...
5 rooms	110	...	...	5,925	...	...
6 rooms	95	...	...	4,485	...	...
7 rooms	60	...	...	3,560	...	...
8 or more rooms	280	...	...	7,080	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.0	...	...	5.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	665	...	...	37,125	...	...
One person or fewer per room	660	...	...	35,555	...	...
More than 1 person per room	0	...	...	1,565	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	665	...	...	37,125	...	...
Suitable	660	...	...	34,245	...	...
Not suitable	10	...	...	2,875	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	665	...	...	37,120	...	...
1960 or before	200	...	...	1,540	...	...
1961 to 1980	320	...	...	10,520	...	...
1981 to 1990	75	...	...	7,570	...	...
1991 to 2000	40	...	...	7,045	...	...
2001 to 2005	15	...	...	1,970	...	...
2006 to 2010	0	...	...	3,350	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	0	...	...	5,120	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	665	...	...	37,120	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	625	...	...	35,110	...	...
Major repairs needed	40	...	...	2,010	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	665	...	...	37,125	...	...
1 household maintainer	465	...	...	21,770	...	...
2 household maintainers	205	...	...	13,660	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	0	...	...	1,690	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	665	...	...	37,125	...	...
15 to 24 years	20	...	...	1,225	...	...
25 to 34 years	50	...	...	4,350	...	...
35 to 44 years	95	...	...	5,460	...	...
45 to 54 years	65	...	...	8,350	...	...
55 to 64 years	150	...	...	8,195	...	...
65 to 74 years	125	...	...	5,465	...	...
75 to 84 years	110	...	...	2,940	...	...
85 years and over	55	...	...	1,140	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	660	...	...	37,005	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	550	...	...	22,875	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	110	...	...	14,135	...	...
30% to less than 100%	100	...	...	9,805	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	525	...	...	27,590	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	38.1	...	...	54.5	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	11.5	...	...	33.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	475	...	...	1,118	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	661	...	...	1,513	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	160,533	...	...	802,722	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	164,460	...	...	1,066,965	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	140	...	...	9,525	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	28.6	...	...	17.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	35.7	...	...	50.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	619	...	...	1,257	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	633	...	...	1,338	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	1,120	580	545	84,450	39,660	44,785
No certificate, diploma or degree	315	165	150	10,610	4,770	5,840
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	355	180	175	25,065	11,750	13,320
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	455	235	225	48,770	23,145	25,625
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	165	120	40	3,570	2,325	1,245
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	60	45	25	1,885	1,075	810
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	100	80	25	1,685	1,255	430
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	160	60	105	12,325	5,195	7,125
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	55	20	30	4,010	1,860	2,150
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	75	35	45	28,870	13,760	15,110
Bachelor's degree	60	25	30	20,520	9,455	11,060
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	1,830	870	965
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	690	350	340
Master's degree	15	0	10	5,115	2,575	2,540
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	715	515	200
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	600	310	290	54,865	25,210	29,660
No certificate, diploma or degree	90	50	35	3,615	1,595	2,020
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	225	120	105	13,440	6,130	7,305
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	280	140	145	37,810	17,475	20,330
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	105	75	35	2,305	1,505	800
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	35	25	10	1,225	710	510
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	70	50	25	1,085	795	285
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	95	35	60	9,110	3,805	5,310
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	25	10	15	3,000	1,305	1,695
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	55	15	35	23,395	10,865	12,530
Bachelor's degree	35	10	25	16,470	7,450	9,020
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	1,405	660	740
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	520	230	290
Master's degree	10	10	10	4,455	2,130	2,325
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	550	395	155
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	1,125	580	550	84,455	39,665	44,790
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	670	350	325	35,675	16,520	19,160
Education	35	10	25	2,485	545	1,935
13. Education	35	15	20	2,480	545	1,935
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	20	10	10	2,015	800	1,215
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	260	205	55
50. Visual and performing arts	20	10	10	1,755	595	1,160
Humanities	20	10	10	3,310	1,145	2,170
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	850	225	625
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	735	235	500
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	995	350	655
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	10	0	150	85	70
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	0	0	145	90	55
54. History	0	0	0	340	150	195
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	75	10	65
Social and behavioural sciences and law	10	0	0	6,370	2,525	3,845
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	125	30	95
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	640	280	365
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	10	695	90	605
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	860	330	530
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	55	30	25
42. Psychology	10	0	0	1,060	305	755
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	2,930	1,465	1,470
Business, management and public administration	40	10	30	14,025	5,825	8,200
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	10	230	60	165
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	30	10	25	13,780	5,760	8,020
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	2,485	1,260	1,230
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0	0	830	360	470
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	580	275	305
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	50	20	35
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	950	585	365
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	70	15	55
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	10	0	10	2,840	1,870	975
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	2,265	1,570	690
25. Library science	0	0	0	120	25	95
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	430	250	185
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	20	15	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	150	150	0	8,080	6,815	1,270
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	440	315	125
14. Engineering	15	15	0	4,215	3,315	905
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	0	0	0	1,160	1,015	145
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	40	40	0	750	730	20
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	85	85	0	1,075	1,045	30
48. Precision production	0	0	0	425	390	35
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	25	20	0	525	260	265
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	15	10	0	355	170	185
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	175	95	80
Health and related fields	95	15	85	4,975	1,260	3,715
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	10	0	0	380	215	165
51. Health professions and related programs	90	10	85	4,410	945	3,465
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	185	95	95
Personal, protective and transportation services	55	15	40	1,660	850	805
12. Personal and culinary services	35	0	35	1,210	480	730
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	20	15	10
43. Security and protective services	0	10	0	95	85	15
49. Transportation and materials moving	15	10	0	330	275	55
Other	0	0	0	10	10	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	10	10	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	600	310	295	54,860	25,205	29,655
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	315	175	145	17,060	7,730	9,325
Education	15	0	10	1,625	345	1,280
13. Education	15	10	10	1,625	345	1,280
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	15	10	10	1,560	610	950
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	185	150	40
50. Visual and performing arts	20	10	10	1,370	460	910
Humanities	10	0	10	2,565	830	1,740
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	670	140	530
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	575	195	380
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	10	795	265	525
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	10	0	125	70	55
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	130	75	50
54. History	0	0	0	220	80	140
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	50	0	45
Social and behavioural sciences and law	0	0	10	5,125	1,940	3,185
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	95	25	75
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	510	200	305
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	10	0	10	525	65	460
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	725	245	480
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	50	25	30
42. Psychology	0	0	0	880	240	640
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	2,335	1,140	1,195
Business, management and public administration	15	0	15	11,285	4,600	6,680
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	10	175	45	125
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	10	0	10	11,105	4,555	6,545
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	1,795	900	895
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0	0	630	275	355
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	450	225	230
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	40	15	25
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	635	380	255
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	45	10	40
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	10	0	10	2,535	1,650	880
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	10	0	10	2,085	1,425	665
25. Library science	0	0	0	85	25	65
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	345	190	150
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	20	15	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	95	100	0	5,965	4,860	1,105
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	370	265	105
14. Engineering	10	10	0	3,260	2,465	795
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	10	0	0	810	675	130
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	25	25	0	555	535	20
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	55	50	0	735	705	20
48. Precision production	10	10	0	240	210	25
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	15	10	0	410	195	210
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	10	0	0	270	130	145
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	0	0	135	70	65
Health and related fields	60	0	55	3,790	975	2,820
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	295	180	115
51. Health professions and related programs	55	0	55	3,395	760	2,635
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	105	35	65
Personal, protective and transportation services	45	10	30	1,145	570	570
12. Personal and culinary services	35	0	35	845	330	510
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	70	55	15
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	10	0	225	175	50
Other	0	0	0	10	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	10	10	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	1,120	580	545	84,450	39,660	44,790
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	670	345	325	35,675	16,515	19,160
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	455	230	220	48,775	23,150	25,625
Location of study inside Canada	405	210	205	26,605	12,925	13,685
Same as province or territory of residence	340	175	170	22,030	10,555	11,470
Different than province or territory of residence	70	35	35	4,580	2,365	2,215
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	45	25	25	22,165	10,220	11,940
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	15	10	10	1,855	980	875
Philippines	0	0	0	3,025	1,180	1,845
India	0	0	0	505	245	260
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	1,020	505	515
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	7,855	3,620	4,240
France	0	0	0	95	50	45
Other	30	15	15	7,815	3,650	4,165
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	600	310	295	54,865	25,205	29,655
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	320	170	145	17,060	7,730	9,325
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	285	135	145	37,805	17,480	20,325
Location of study inside Canada	255	130	120	20,615	9,915	10,700
Same as province or territory of residence	200	100	110	17,395	8,340	9,055
Different than province or territory of residence	45	30	15	3,215	1,575	1,645
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	30	10	25	17,195	7,570	9,630
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	1,385	700	685
Philippines	0	0	0	2,415	935	1,475
India	0	0	0	400	185	210
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	635	295	340
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	6,865	3,105	3,760
France	0	0	0	80	40	35
Other	25	15	15	5,420	2,310	3,120
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	1,125	580	545	84,450	39,660	44,785
In the labour force	600	355	240	48,845	25,110	23,735
Employed	540	300	245	45,755	23,595	22,155
Unemployed	60	55	0	3,090	1,515	1,580
Not in the labour force	525	225	300	35,605	14,555	21,055
Participation rate	53.3	61.2	44.0	57.8	63.3	53.0
Employment rate	48.0	51.7	45.0	54.2	59.5	49.5
Unemployment rate	10.0	15.5	0.0	6.3	6.0	6.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	1,125	575	545	84,450	39,665	44,785
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	460	215	245	34,230	14,085	20,155
Worked	665	360	300	50,220	25,580	24,635
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	265	180	90	21,870	12,230	9,640
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	400	185	215	28,350	13,355	14,995
Average weeks worked in reference year	38.9	39.4	38.3	41.3	42.2	40.3
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	605	355	245	48,845	25,115	23,735
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	15	15	0	1,260	625	635
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	590	345	240	47,585	24,485	23,100
Employee	520	315	205	40,420	20,130	20,295
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	65	30	35	7,165	4,355	2,810
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	600	355	240	48,845	25,110	23,735
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	15	10	0	1,260	625	630
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	590	340	245	47,585	24,485	23,105
0 Management occupations	45	10	35	6,035	3,855	2,185
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	50	20	30	9,395	3,120	6,265
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	20	15	0	3,900	3,100	800
3 Health occupations	25	0	25	2,485	655	1,830
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	60	25	35	4,350	1,415	2,940
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	15	0	15	1,705	820	885
6 Sales and service occupations	75	20	55	14,370	6,960	7,415
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	185	160	25	3,925	3,715	210
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	50	45	10	290	185	105
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	60	50	15	1,125	660	460
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	600	355	240	48,845	25,110	23,730
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	10	15	0	1,260	625	630
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	590	345	245	47,585	24,485	23,100
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	45	45	0	190	110	80
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	30	25	0	150	90	60
22 Utilities	0	0	0	200	140	60
23 Construction	55	40	15	2,330	1,970	355
31-33 Manufacturing	120	95	25	2,905	1,810	1,100
41 Wholesale trade	30	20	15	2,375	1,415	960
44-45 Retail trade	35	15	20	6,540	3,025	3,515
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	25	20	10	2,905	2,035	870
51 Information and cultural industries	10	0	0	1,225	745	480
52 Finance and insurance	15	10	10	3,450	1,575	1,875
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	10	0	10	1,885	1,040	845
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	0	0	0	4,890	2,840	2,050
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	80	35	50
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	10	0	10	1,920	1,050	870
61 Educational services	45	15	30	3,250	1,135	2,125
62 Health care and social assistance	60	0	60	3,995	880	3,110
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	0	0	0	1,080	590	495
72 Accommodation and food services	20	0	25	4,760	2,360	2,400
81 Other services (except public administration)	45	20	20	1,985	870	1,120
91 Public administration	40	30	10	1,455	775	680
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	545	300	240	45,755	23,595	22,155
Worked at home	30	10	25	4,180	2,195	1,985
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	1,270	920	350
No fixed workplace address	95	75	25	4,405	3,075	1,330
Worked at usual place	420	225	195	35,900	17,410	18,490
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	415	225	195	35,900	17,410	18,485
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	365	185	175	20,305	9,410	10,895
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	30	10	15	15,255	7,770	7,485
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	15	10	0	175	125	55
Commute to a different province or territory	15	10	0	165	110	50
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	515	295	220	40,305	20,485	19,815
Car, truck, van - as a driver	430	245	190	26,935	15,160	11,775
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	15	15	0	2,415	605	1,810
Public transit	0	0	0	8,040	3,375	4,665
Walked	35	10	30	1,935	690	1,245
Bicycle	0	0	0	565	405	160
Other method	25	20	0	415	255	160
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	515	300	220	40,300	20,485	19,815
Less than 15 minutes	420	220	195	8,295	3,715	4,580
15 to 29 minutes	40	30	10	13,910	7,045	6,865
30 to 44 minutes	20	20	0	10,145	5,485	4,665
45 to 59 minutes	10	0	0	4,610	2,455	2,160
60 minutes and over	30	25	10	3,340	1,785	1,555
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	515	300	220	40,300	20,485	19,815
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	60	55	10	1,590	980	615
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	150	90	65	4,455	2,590	1,865
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	95	70	20	8,950	4,450	4,500
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	100	35	65	10,150	4,755	5,390
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	55	25	30	9,060	4,405	4,655
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	55	25	30	6,095	3,310	2,785
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	665	365	300	52,440	26,710	25,735
Single responses	665	370	300	49,060	25,145	23,910
Official languages	665	365	300	41,680	21,295	20,390
English	665	365	300	41,615	21,270	20,350
French	0	0	0	70	30	40
Non-official languages	0	0	0	7,375	3,855	3,525
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	7,375	3,850	3,525
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	20	10	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	10	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	15	10	10
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	25	20	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	25	20	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	45	25	20
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	40	20	20
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	70	30	45
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	35	10	25
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	25	0	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	105	55	50
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	40	20	15
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	7,065	3,695	3,375
Chinese languages	0	0	0	7,055	3,685	3,370
Cantonese	0	0	0	3,015	1,455	1,560
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	3,905	2,150	1,750
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	120	60	55
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Burmese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	10	0	0	3,385	1,560	1,825
English and French	0	0	0	95	40	50
English and non-official language	10	0	0	3,270	1,515	1,755
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	20	0	15
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	665	365	300	52,440	26,710	25,735
None	665	360	300	41,835	21,680	20,155
English	0	0	0	2,930	1,435	1,490
French	0	0	0	220	100	115
Non-official language	10	0	0	7,210	3,355	3,855
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	10	0	0	7,210	3,355	3,855
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	210	120	90
French and non-official language	0	0	0	35	15	20
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	1,305	685	620	96,635	45,850	50,780
Non-movers	1,155	590	565	80,075	37,735	42,335
Movers	150	95	55	16,565	8,115	8,445
Non-migrants	80	60	20	9,865	4,775	5,095
Migrants	65	35	35	6,695	3,340	3,360
Internal migrants	45	20	25	3,575	1,765	1,815
Intraprovincial migrants	20	0	20	2,870	1,365	1,510
Interprovincial migrants	30	25	10	705	395	305
External migrants	15	10	10	3,120	1,580	1,545
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	1,250	660	585	93,185	44,140	49,045
Non-movers	825	440	385	53,765	25,395	28,370
Movers	425	220	210	39,415	18,745	20,675
Non-migrants	230	115	120	21,565	10,310	11,255
Migrants	195	110	85	17,855	8,430	9,425
Internal migrants	165	90	75	7,240	3,505	3,735
Intraprovincial migrants	55	20	35	5,760	2,705	3,050
Interprovincial migrants	115	70	45	1,480	795	680
External migrants	25	20	10	10,620	4,925	5,690

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Hudson Bay [Population centre], Saskatchewan and Richmond Centre [Federal electoral district], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 3, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Hudson Bay [Population centre], Saskatchewan and Richmond Centre [Federal electoral district], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Hudson Bay [Population centre], Saskatchewan and Richmond Centre [Federal electoral district], British Columbia

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Hudson Bay [Population centre], Saskatchewan and Richmond Centre [Federal electoral district], British Columbia