Census Profile, 2016 Census
Kincardine [Population centre], Ontario and Haldimand-Norfolk, Census division [Census division], Ontario

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Kincardine Ontario [Population centre]			Haldimand-Norfolk, CDR Ontario [Census division]
	Data quality , Kincardine [Population centre], Ontario Map : Kincardine [Population centre], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Haldimand-Norfolk, Census division [Census division], Ontario Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	8,315	...	...	109,787	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	7,802 ^r	...	...	109,118	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	6.6	...	...	0.6	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	4,114	...	...	48,249	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	3,595	...	...	43,559	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	988.6	...	...	37.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	8.41	...	...	2,894.76	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	8,310	3,975	4,330	109,790	54,590	55,195
0 to 14 years	1,350	645	705	17,455	8,985	8,470
0 to 4 years	480	235	240	5,640	2,855	2,785
5 to 9 years	455	220	240	5,785	2,980	2,805
10 to 14 years	415	195	220	6,035	3,155	2,875
15 to 64 years	5,020	2,450	2,570	69,645	34,755	34,895
15 to 19 years	375	200	175	6,575	3,275	3,295
20 to 24 years	375	185	190	6,305	3,300	3,005
25 to 29 years	440	220	220	5,580	2,840	2,740
30 to 34 years	580	280	300	5,645	2,840	2,805
35 to 39 years	460	225	230	5,455	2,740	2,715
40 to 44 years	425	220	205	5,910	2,950	2,960
45 to 49 years	400	180	215	6,925	3,400	3,520
50 to 54 years	555	260	290	8,820	4,355	4,470
55 to 59 years	680	315	370	9,380	4,645	4,735
60 to 64 years	735	355	375	9,045	4,405	4,640
65 years and over	1,935	880	1,060	22,685	10,855	11,835
65 to 69 years	670	330	345	7,765	3,930	3,830
70 to 74 years	440	230	215	5,690	2,775	2,915
75 to 79 years	330	145	185	3,840	1,935	1,910
80 to 84 years	255	110	145	2,685	1,215	1,470
85 years and over	235	70	170	2,700	1,000	1,705
85 to 89 years	150	50	100	1,745	695	1,055
90 to 94 years	65	15	50	770	250	520
95 to 99 years	15	0	15	170	50	125
100 years and over	5	0	0	20	5	10
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.2	16.2	16.3	15.9	16.5	15.3
15 to 64 years	60.4	61.6	59.4	63.4	63.7	63.2
65 years and over	23.3	22.1	24.5	20.7	19.9	21.4
85 years and over	2.8	1.8	3.9	2.5	1.8	3.1
Average age of the population	44.4	43.5	45.2	43.5	42.8	44.2
Median age of the population	46.7	45.2	48.2	46.5	45.5	47.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	3,595	...	...	43,555	...	...
Single-detached house	2,785	...	...	36,520	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	410	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	805	...	...	6,410	...	...
Semi-detached house	135	...	...	1,220	...	...
Row house	275	...	...	1,415	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	40	...	...	925	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	325	...	...	2,745	...	...
Other single-attached house	30	...	...	110	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	0	...	...	220	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	3,595	...	...	43,560	...	...
1 person	1,070	...	...	10,550	...	...
2 persons	1,420	...	...	17,410	...	...
3 persons	440	...	...	6,310	...	...
4 persons	485	...	...	5,620	...	...
5 or more persons	185	...	...	3,670	...	...
Number of persons in private households	8,130	...	...	107,590	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	6,955	3,325	3,630	92,330	45,600	46,730
Married or living common law	4,540	2,280	2,260	57,860	29,090	28,770
Married	3,945	1,980	1,960	49,090	24,710	24,380
Living common law	595	295	295	8,775	4,385	4,390
Not married and not living common law	2,420	1,045	1,370	34,465	16,515	17,955
Never married	1,320	710	610	20,470	11,415	9,055
Separated	200	95	110	2,725	1,285	1,440
Divorced	400	145	250	5,115	2,400	2,720
Widowed	500	100	400	6,155	1,415	4,740
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	2,500	...	...	32,785	...	...
2 persons	1,445	...	...	18,275	...	...
3 persons	425	...	...	6,230	...	...
4 persons	470	...	...	5,355	...	...
5 or more persons	160	...	...	2,930	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	2,500	...	...	32,785	...	...
Total couple families	2,230	...	...	28,385	...	...
Married couples	1,935	...	...	24,000	...	...
Common-law couples	295	...	...	4,390	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	275	...	...	4,405	...	...
Female parent	215	...	...	3,320	...	...
Male parent	60	...	...	1,080	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	2,230	...	...	28,380	...	...
Couples without children	1,290	...	...	15,575	...	...
Couples with children	940	...	...	12,810	...	...
1 child	340	...	...	5,005	...	...
2 children	440	...	...	4,995	...	...
3 or more children	155	...	...	2,800	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	275	...	...	4,400	...	...
1 child	160	...	...	2,700	...	...
2 children	85	...	...	1,225	...	...
3 or more children	30	...	...	475	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,255	540	710	14,570	7,010	7,560
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	3,595	...	...	43,560	...	...
One-census-family households	2,445	...	...	31,335	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	1,265	...	...	14,955	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	1,180	...	...	16,380	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	30	...	...	715	...	...
Non-census-family households	1,120	...	...	11,510	...	...
One-person households	1,070	...	...	10,550	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	55	...	...	960	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	8,185	3,935	4,250	108,550	54,150	54,405
English only	7,465	3,645	3,820	104,400	52,270	52,125
French only	0	0	5	15	10	10
English and French	705	285	420	3,335	1,425	1,910
Neither English nor French	15	5	10	800	440	355
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	8,185	3,935	4,250	108,550	54,145	54,405
English	8,040	3,875	4,165	106,850	53,280	53,570
French	125	55	70	885	430	460
English and French	5	5	5	55	30	25
Neither English nor French	20	5	10	755	410	345
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	125	55	70	915	445	475
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.5	1.4	1.6	0.8	0.8	0.9
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	8,185	3,935	4,245	108,550	54,145	54,405
Single responses	8,120	3,910	4,210	107,850	53,805	54,050
Official languages	7,570	3,645	3,925	97,780	48,795	48,990
English	7,440	3,585	3,855	96,790	48,330	48,460
French	130	60	70	995	470	525
Non-official languages	550	265	285	10,070	5,005	5,060
Aboriginal languages	5	0	0	15	5	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	5	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Cayuga	0	0	0	10	0	5
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	550	260	285	10,060	5,005	5,050
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	85	45	40
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	15	5	5	85	45	40
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	10	5	55	30	20
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	10	5	5
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	20	10	10
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	45	20	30
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	5	0	45	20	30
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	60	25	35	115	25	90
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	5	5	5	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	5	5	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	50	20	30	85	20	70
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dravidian languages	20	10	5	20	10	10
Kannada	5	5	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tamil	10	5	5	0	0	5
Telugu	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	385	180	200	9,015	4,535	4,475
Albanian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Balto-Slavic languages	85	40	40	1,035	485	550
Baltic languages	5	0	5	60	30	30
Latvian	5	0	0	20	5	10
Lithuanian	5	0	0	40	20	20
Slavic languages	80	45	35	975	455	525
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	5	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Croatian	5	5	0	90	50	40
Czech	5	5	5	45	20	25
Macedonian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Polish	30	20	15	400	170	230
Russian	15	10	5	55	25	30
Serbian	5	5	0	35	25	10
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Slovak	5	0	0	65	25	35
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	35	15	15
Ukrainian	10	0	10	210	95	110
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	5	0	5
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	105	45	60	6,020	2,965	3,060
Afrikaans	0	5	0	10	5	10
Danish	0	0	0	40	20	20
Dutch	40	25	20	1,325	665	660
Frisian	0	5	0	75	40	35
German	55	20	40	4,215	2,085	2,135
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Swedish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	335	145	195
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	5	0	80	50	35
Indo-Iranian languages	125	65	60	155	80	70
Indo-Aryan languages	120	60	60	120	60	55
Bengali	5	0	0	5	5	0
Gujarati	40	20	25	35	20	15
Hindi	20	15	10	15	10	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	5	5	0
Marathi	5	0	0	5	5	0
Nepali	0	0	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	5	5	30	10	20
Sindhi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Urdu	35	20	20	25	20	10
Iranian languages	5	0	5	35	25	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Pashto	0	0	0	5	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	5	0	25	15	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	60	20	40	1,705	950	755
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	5	5	355	195	160
Portuguese	5	5	5	860	445	415
Romanian	15	5	10	35	20	20
Spanish	25	10	20	450	290	160
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	5	0	15	10	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	20	10	10	75	35	35
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	0	10	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	5	0	5	5	5
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	0	10	5	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	5	0	5	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	15	15	140	70	70
Chinese languages	30	15	15	135	65	70
Cantonese	10	5	5	60	35	30
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	20	10	10	55	25	25
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	5	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Burmese	0	0	0	5	5	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Lao	0	0	0	0	5	0
Thai	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	25	5	10	515	240	270
Estonian	0	5	0	10	0	10
Finnish	0	5	0	15	5	10
Hungarian	20	5	10	485	235	255
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Multiple responses	65	30	35	695	345	350
English and French	20	5	15	135	60	70
English and non-official language	45	25	25	530	265	265
French and non-official language	0	0	0	20	15	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	5	5
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	8,185	3,935	4,245	108,550	54,145	54,405
Single responses	8,080	3,885	4,195	107,395	53,565	53,825
Official languages	7,885	3,785	4,095	103,685	51,675	52,010
English	7,845	3,775	4,075	103,505	51,580	51,925
French	35	15	20	180	85	85
Non-official languages	195	95	100	3,710	1,895	1,815
Aboriginal languages	0	0	5	5	5	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	195	95	100	3,705	1,895	1,815
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0	35	15	20
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	5	0	40	20	25
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	5	0	0	30	10	15
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	10	5	5
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	15	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	20	5	10	30	15	15
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	5	10	25	15	15
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	5	5	5	0	0
Kannada	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	5	5	5
Tamil	5	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	130	65	70	3,365	1,725	1,640
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	10	5	10
Balto-Slavic languages	35	15	20	195	90	110
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slavic languages	40	15	20	195	85	110
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Czech	5	5	0	15	5	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Polish	10	5	5	90	35	50
Russian	15	5	10	20	15	15
Serbian	5	0	0	15	5	5
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Ukrainian	5	5	0	35	15	20
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Germanic languages	15	5	5	2,345	1,165	1,175
Afrikaans	0	0	0	10	0	5
Danish	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dutch	5	0	0	110	55	55
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	10	5	5	2,115	1,060	1,055
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	25	5	20
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	85	50	40
Greek	0	0	0	25	10	15
Indo-Iranian languages	65	35	30	90	45	45
Indo-Aryan languages	65	35	30	80	35	40
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	25	15	15	20	5	15
Hindi	5	5	5	10	5	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	5	5	20	10	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Urdu	25	10	10	20	15	10
Iranian languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	15	10	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	5	5	690	405	285
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Portuguese	0	0	0	320	150	170
Romanian	10	5	10	20	10	10
Spanish	5	0	0	325	230	90
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	0	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	5	5	55	30	25
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	5	0	20	10	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	5	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	15	5	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	15	10	90	50	40
Chinese languages	25	10	5	90	50	40
Cantonese	10	5	5	35	25	15
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	10	5	35	20	15
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	5	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	5	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	0	80	35	45
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	0	0	80	35	45
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Multiple responses	105	55	50	1,155	580	575
English and French	5	5	0	65	40	25
English and non-official language	100	50	50	1,075	535	540
French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	5	5
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	8,185	3,940	4,250	108,550	54,145	54,405
None	7,760	3,755	4,010	103,440	51,695	51,750
English	135	65	70	1,580	780	795
French	100	40	60	555	240	320
Non-official language	185	85	105	2,935	1,415	1,520
Aboriginal	0	5	0	35	10	20
Non-Aboriginal	185	80	100	2,905	1,405	1,500
English and French	0	0	0	5	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	5
French and non-official language	5	0	5	30	15	15
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	6,780	3,265	3,515	90,160	44,555	45,605
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	6,600	3,215	3,380	87,225	43,275	43,950
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,016	66,374	27,100	33,265	41,851	26,123
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	6,620	3,220	3,400	87,275	43,280	43,995
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,258	56,112	24,384	30,351	37,401	24,399
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	6,150	3,090	3,055	78,535	39,945	38,585
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,336	61,120	24,071	30,049	39,215	22,296
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,575	2,000	2,575	63,860	29,325	34,535
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,536	8,288	6,960	7,845	7,991	7,756
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,815	2,685	2,125	63,550	33,910	29,635
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,367	42,112	23,053	30,042	37,815	24,004
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	6,915	3,335	3,575	90,160	44,555	45,605
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	6,720	3,305	3,415	87,335	43,255	44,080
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	60,451	82,804	38,802	41,731	49,086	34,513
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	6,735	3,305	3,430	87,390	43,260	44,130
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,766	64,117	32,013	35,623	41,196	30,159
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	6,195	3,155	3,040	78,545	39,865	38,680
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	59,350	81,515	36,345	39,196	46,736	31,425
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,665	2,080	2,585	63,830	29,310	34,520
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,240	7,936	8,484	8,864	8,869	8,861
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,855	2,755	2,105	63,545	33,710	29,835
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	56,021	70,202	37,438	38,602	44,236	32,235
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	6,915	3,335	3,580	90,160	44,560	45,600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	2,060	1,280	780	29,585	17,310	12,275
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	88,207	115,372	56,544	50,887	57,884	43,090
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	98,911	118,312	67,076	56,694	62,686	48,246
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	90.5	93.6	84.1	84.7	88.2	79.5
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	65.2	68.6	58.4	66.9	70.2	62.1
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	9.5	6.3	16.0	15.3	11.8	20.5
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	6,780	3,265	3,515	90,160	44,555	45,605
Without total income	180	45	140	2,930	1,275	1,655
With total income	6,600	3,220	3,380	87,230	43,280	43,950
Percentage with total income	97.3	98.6	96.2	96.8	97.1	96.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	885	275	605	11,490	4,420	7,075
$10,000 to $19,999	925	275	650	15,605	5,880	9,730
$20,000 to $29,999	830	280	550	12,885	5,230	7,660
$30,000 to $39,999	595	220	370	10,750	5,155	5,595
$40,000 to $49,999	460	185	280	9,640	4,965	4,670
$50,000 to $59,999	435	225	210	7,130	4,085	3,045
$60,000 to $69,999	395	225	170	5,460	3,535	1,930
$70,000 to $79,999	335	215	120	3,940	2,680	1,260
$80,000 to $89,999	265	170	95	2,985	2,090	895
$90,000 to $99,999	220	130	95	2,510	1,605	905
$100,000 and over	1,245	1,010	235	4,830	3,635	1,195
$100,000 to $149,999	740	570	170	3,625	2,700	925
$150,000 and over	500	440	60	1,200	935	265
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	6,780	3,265	3,515	90,160	44,560	45,605
Without after-tax income	165	45	120	2,880	1,270	1,610
With after-tax income	6,620	3,220	3,400	87,280	43,285	43,995
Percentage with after-tax income	97.6	98.6	96.7	96.8	97.1	96.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	990	285	705	11,975	4,510	7,470
$10,000 to $19,999	975	295	675	16,320	6,150	10,170
$20,000 to $29,999	915	310	605	14,880	6,265	8,620
$30,000 to $39,999	660	265	395	12,945	6,390	6,550
$40,000 to $49,999	570	270	300	10,490	5,860	4,635
$50,000 to $59,999	500	280	215	7,120	4,595	2,525
$60,000 to $69,999	390	255	135	5,075	3,505	1,570
$70,000 to $79,999	365	230	130	3,565	2,370	1,190
$80,000 and over	1,260	1,030	230	4,910	3,640	1,270
$80,000 to $89,999	270	195	80	2,015	1,415	595
$90,000 to $99,999	280	215	65	1,025	795	230
$100,000 and over	705	615	90	1,870	1,425	445
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	6,780	3,260	3,520	90,160	44,560	45,605
Without employment income	1,965	580	1,390	26,610	10,645	15,970
With employment income	4,815	2,690	2,130	63,550	33,915	29,635
Percentage with employment income	71.0	82.5	60.5	70.5	76.1	65.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,100	685	415	11,185	6,015	5,170
$5,000 to $9,999	410	155	255	5,470	2,295	3,170
$10,000 to $19,999	505	195	305	8,385	3,520	4,870
$20,000 to $29,999	425	155	270	6,680	2,830	3,845
$30,000 to $39,999	325	135	190	6,540	2,980	3,560
$40,000 to $49,999	245	105	140	5,995	3,115	2,880
$50,000 to $59,999	185	95	90	4,830	2,860	1,970
$60,000 to $69,999	185	95	90	3,635	2,530	1,105
$70,000 to $79,999	130	70	65	2,960	2,045	915
$80,000 and over	1,305	1,000	310	7,855	5,720	2,140
$80,000 to $89,999	130	65	60	2,300	1,630	665
$90,000 to $99,999	145	80	70	2,045	1,300	745
$100,000 and over	1,030	855	175	3,510	2,790	725
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	3,595	...	...	43,560	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	90,197	...	...	70,686	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	76,664	...	...	62,692	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	1,070	...	...	10,550	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	42,176	...	...	33,728	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	37,024	...	...	30,841	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	2,525	...	...	33,005	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	114,752	...	...	84,491	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	94,627	...	...	74,363	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	3,655	...	...	43,560	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	111,005	...	...	83,669	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	87,948	...	...	71,467	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,065	...	...	10,535	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	58,457	...	...	41,473	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	47,104	...	...	35,550	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	2,590	...	...	33,025	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	132,709	...	...	97,127	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	104,817	...	...	82,921	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	3,595	...	...	43,560	...	...
Under $5,000	20	...	...	425	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	45	...	...	405	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	60	...	...	965	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	115	...	...	1,530	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	135	...	...	1,895	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	95	...	...	1,615	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	115	...	...	1,885	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	125	...	...	1,915	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	115	...	...	1,930	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	100	...	...	1,925	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	245	...	...	3,595	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	200	...	...	3,435	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	210	...	...	3,220	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	205	...	...	2,940	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	180	...	...	2,670	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,625	...	...	13,200	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	395	...	...	4,985	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	340	...	...	3,230	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	460	...	...	3,185	...	...
$200,000 and over	425	...	...	1,805	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	3,595	...	...	43,560	...	...
Under $5,000	25	...	...	465	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	45	...	...	415	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	60	...	...	980	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	125	...	...	1,605	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	145	...	...	2,095	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	125	...	...	1,790	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	125	...	...	2,165	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	150	...	...	2,295	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	145	...	...	2,300	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	135	...	...	2,205	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	275	...	...	4,345	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	250	...	...	4,065	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	270	...	...	3,745	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	235	...	...	3,220	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	240	...	...	2,580	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,240	...	...	9,295	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	450	...	...	4,515	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	340	...	...	2,355	...	...
$150,000 and over	445	...	...	2,425	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	2,490	...	...	32,320	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	115,017	...	...	84,372	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	94,816	...	...	74,194	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	1,250	...	...	14,645	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	97,195	...	...	73,626	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,368	...	...	65,379	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	940	...	...	12,980	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	159,963	...	...	108,457	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	127,027	...	...	93,971	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	265	...	...	4,010	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	58,240	...	...	52,399	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,864	...	...	48,841	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	2,535	...	...	32,335	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	132,755	...	...	96,983	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	104,729	...	...	82,765	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	1,255	...	...	14,645	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	115,889	...	...	86,657	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	93,218	...	...	73,841	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	970	...	...	12,975	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	169,428	...	...	119,055	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	130,578	...	...	100,956	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	295	...	...	4,045	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	82,578	...	...	63,149	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	67,217	...	...	56,091	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	1,180	515	660	12,825	6,250	6,575
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	41,088	51,328	36,768	31,716	36,511	28,446
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	36,320	44,160	32,661	29,193	32,659	26,469
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	1,210	540	670	12,810	6,185	6,620
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	57,456	67,783	49,167	39,742	43,111	36,592
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	46,465	53,385	40,911	34,132	36,324	32,082
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	8,135	3,910	4,220	107,590	53,525	54,065
In the bottom half of the distribution	2,605	1,140	1,470	54,250	26,200	28,050
In the bottom decile	430	190	240	7,730	3,780	3,955
In the second decile	505	200	305	10,670	4,805	5,865
In the third decile	530	215	320	12,050	5,825	6,225
In the fourth decile	590	280	310	11,680	5,725	5,960
In the fifth decile	550	255	290	12,115	6,065	6,050
In the top half of the distribution	5,525	2,775	2,750	53,335	27,325	26,010
In the sixth decile	640	310	330	11,765	5,920	5,845
In the seventh decile	895	425	465	11,895	6,055	5,840
In the eighth decile	1,070	545	525	11,770	6,045	5,720
In the ninth decile	1,460	720	735	10,845	5,650	5,195
In the top decile	1,465	770	695	7,065	3,660	3,410
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	8,130	3,915	4,220	107,455	53,455	53,995
0 to 17 years	1,570	770	795	21,275	10,890	10,385
0 to 5 years	570	285	290	6,760	3,450	3,310
18 to 64 years	4,765	2,305	2,455	64,750	32,145	32,605
65 years and over	1,800	835	965	21,430	10,420	11,005
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	690	280	410	12,620	5,875	6,745
0 to 17 years	160	80	85	2,995	1,540	1,455
0 to 5 years	55	30	30	1,045	550	495
18 to 64 years	375	155	220	7,210	3,390	3,825
65 years and over	160	50	115	2,420	945	1,475
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	8.5	7.2	9.7	11.7	11.0	12.5
0 to 17 years (%)	10.2	10.4	10.7	14.1	14.1	14.0
0 to 5 years (%)	9.6	10.5	10.3	15.5	15.9	15.0
18 to 64 years (%)	7.9	6.7	9.0	11.1	10.5	11.7
65 years and over (%)	8.9	6.0	11.9	11.3	9.1	13.4
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	270	120	150	4,110	2,070	2,045
0 to 17 years	50	25	30	850	450	405
0 to 5 years	25	10	10	275	150	130
18 to 64 years	195	95	105	3,000	1,485	1,510
65 years and over	30	5	20	260	130	130
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.3	3.1	3.6	3.8	3.9	3.8
0 to 17 years (%)	3.2	3.2	3.8	4.0	4.1	3.9
0 to 5 years (%)	4.4	3.5	3.4	4.1	4.3	3.9
18 to 64 years (%)	4.1	4.1	4.3	4.6	4.6	4.6
65 years and over (%)	1.7	0.6	2.1	1.2	1.2	1.2
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	8,300	4,010	4,280	107,590	53,520	54,065
Official languages	8,275	4,005	4,270	107,005	53,230	53,775
English	8,280	4,005	4,270	106,980	53,225	53,760
French	645	280	370	3,335	1,455	1,885
Non-official languages	780	370	410	11,850	5,735	6,110
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	75	25	45
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	45	15	30
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	40	15	25
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	40	20	25
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	45	15	25
Cayuga	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mohawk	0	0	0	35	15	20
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	780	370	415	11,780	5,710	6,065
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	0	10	80	55	25
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	80	55	25
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	0	0	50	40	20
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	10	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	10	0
Maltese	0	0	0	15	10	15
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	60	25	40
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Vietnamese	0	0	0	50	15	35
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	60	20	40	165	40	125
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	0	0	10	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	10	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	15	0	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	55	20	35	150	35	110
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	15	15	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	15	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	20	10	15
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	20	0	15
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	630	310	330	10,440	5,125	5,320
Albanian	0	0	0	35	10	30
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	85	50	40	1,310	625	690
Baltic languages	0	0	0	80	45	30
Latvian	0	0	0	30	0	20
Lithuanian	0	0	0	55	35	15
Slavic languages	90	50	35	1,240	585	655
Belarusan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Croatian	15	0	0	130	65	70
Czech	20	15	10	55	35	20
Macedonian	0	0	0	65	20	45
Polish	20	15	10	425	200	215
Russian	30	10	15	110	35	80
Serbian	0	10	10	80	40	35
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	45	25	15
Slovak	15	10	0	95	60	35
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	40	0	30
Ukrainian	10	0	0	280	115	175
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	15
Celtic languages	15	10	0	25	10	15
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	25	10	15
Welsh	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	130	45	85	6,800	3,275	3,530
Afrikaans	10	0	10	50	25	25
Danish	0	0	0	40	15	25
Dutch	65	15	50	1,545	795	750
Frisian	0	0	0	110	65	45
German	70	25	40	4,615	2,210	2,405
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	10
Norwegian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Swedish	10	10	0	30	0	20
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	355	150	210
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	435	240	205
Greek	15	10	10	155	95	60
Indo-Iranian languages	260	140	120	150	90	60
Indo-Aryan languages	255	140	120	115	55	60
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	95	45	55	30	10	20
Hindi	130	80	55	40	25	15
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	15	10	10	0	10	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	55	40	15	25	15	10
Sindhi	10	10	10	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	75	40	35	70	35	35
Iranian languages	15	10	0	35	30	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Pashto	0	10	0	10	10	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	10	25	20	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	150	70	80	2,285	1,250	1,035
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	15	10	0	455	250	205
Portuguese	20	10	15	975	515	460
Romanian	0	0	0	80	25	55
Spanish	110	55	60	800	470	325
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Japanese	0	0	0	15	10	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	10	75	35	40
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	15	10	0	20	10	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	10	10	10	0	10
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	10	10	215	90	130
American Sign Language	15	10	0	105	45	65
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	110	45	65
Sino-Tibetan languages	45	15	25	170	80	90
Chinese languages	45	15	25	170	80	90
Cantonese	0	0	10	55	30	30
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	45	20	20	85	40	50
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	40	15	25
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	30	20	20
Lao	0	0	0	15	10	10
Thai	0	0	0	25	10	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	25	10	15	585	265	325
Estonian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Finnish	0	0	0	30	10	15
Hungarian	20	10	10	550	250	295
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	8,295	4,015	4,280	107,590	53,525	54,060
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	8,105	3,940	4,165	105,430	52,405	53,020
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,645	805	830	21,190	10,900	10,290
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	6,470	3,130	3,335	84,240	41,505	42,735
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	190	75	115	2,160	1,120	1,040
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	8,295	4,015	4,280	107,590	53,525	54,065
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	7,200	3,495	3,700	96,695	48,110	48,590
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	1,085	510	575	10,545	5,210	5,335
Before 1981	465	230	235	6,380	3,110	3,275
1981 to 1990	140	65	75	1,395	715	675
1991 to 2000	130	55	75	1,260	610	655
2001 to 2010	255	115	135	1,045	545	500
2001 to 2005	180	85	90	445	220	225
2006 to 2010	75	30	45	600	325	275
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	100	50	55	460	230	230
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	10	0	10	350	205	145
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	1,085	510	580	10,545	5,210	5,335
Under 5 years	120	70	50	1,960	925	1,035
5 to 14 years	250	110	145	2,855	1,425	1,435
15 to 24 years	185	80	100	2,415	1,180	1,240
25 to 44 years	465	220	240	2,960	1,500	1,465
45 years and over	65	30	30	350	180	165
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	1,085	515	575	10,545	5,210	5,335
Americas	105	35	70	2,820	1,325	1,490
Brazil	0	0	0	35	15	20
Colombia	0	0	0	30	15	15
El Salvador	0	0	0	35	20	15
Guyana	0	0	0	20	0	10
Haiti	0	0	0	0	10	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	150	90	65
Mexico	15	0	10	1,570	775	795
Peru	0	0	0	10	0	10
Trinidad and Tobago	15	15	0	65	40	25
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	35	10	35	655	220	435
Other places of birth in Americas	30	15	20	245	145	100
Europe	620	295	320	6,900	3,470	3,425
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	15	0	15
Croatia	0	10	0	140	65	70
France	0	0	0	35	20	10
Germany	55	20	35	595	320	275
Greece	0	0	10	60	40	20
Hungary	10	0	10	225	110	115
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	20	10	15	60	30	30
Italy	10	0	0	250	140	105
Netherlands	60	30	35	1,300	700	600
Poland	15	15	10	275	115	160
Portugal	0	0	10	635	345	290
Romania	10	0	10	70	25	45
Russian Federation	0	0	0	40	0	35
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	10	80	45	35
Ukraine	10	10	10	60	20	40
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	370	180	185	2,315	1,100	1,215
Other places of birth in Europe	40	20	20	740	380	360
Africa	15	10	10	170	105	70
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	10	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	45	25	20
Other places of birth in Africa	15	10	0	110	60	50
Asia	335	155	175	590	270	330
Afghanistan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	25	15	15	110	55	55
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	10	0	0
India	165	85	80	70	35	40
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	10	0	15	15	0
Iraq	0	0	0	10	10	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	50	30	20
Lebanon	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pakistan	55	30	30	50	30	15
Philippines	60	25	40	150	40	110
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	10	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	35	10	25
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	10	85	35	45
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	15	10	10	60	50	15
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	100	45	50	460	230	225
Americas	10	0	10	315	150	160
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	30	15	15
Mexico	0	0	0	195	95	95
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	10	35	15	20
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	10	60	25	35
Europe	45	25	15	55	40	10
France	0	0	0	0	10	0
Germany	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	25	20	10	20	20	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	10	25	20	10
Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	45	20	30	80	25	50
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	40	15	25	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	10	0	0	30	15	10
Philippines	0	0	0	40	0	35
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Australia	0	0	0	15	10	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	8,300	4,015	4,280	107,590	53,525	54,060
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	1,135	535	595	11,165	5,545	5,625
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	1,220	595	620	20,715	10,295	10,415
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	5,945	2,885	3,065	75,710	37,685	38,020
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	625	285	345	4,345	2,195	2,155
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	355	190	165	1,745	885	860
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	130	115	10	580	400	180
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	225	70	155	1,160	485	675
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	220	70	150	2,020	990	1,030
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	45	20	25	520	290	230
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	10	0	0	65	30	35
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	8,295	4,015	4,280	107,590	53,520	54,060
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	240	100	140	3,450	1,650	1,800
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	225	95	130	3,355	1,600	1,760
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	140	70	70	2,630	1,260	1,375
Métis	90	25	65	695	330	365
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	25	15	15
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	95	50	35
Non-Aboriginal identity	8,055	3,915	4,145	104,140	51,870	52,265
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	8,295	4,015	4,280	107,585	53,520	54,065
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	85	45	40	1,855	840	1,015
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	8,210	3,970	4,240	105,735	52,685	53,050
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	8,295	4,015	4,285	107,590	53,525	54,065
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	55	20	25	750	310	435
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	50	25	25	745	310	435
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	15	10	0	695	285	410
Métis single ancestry	30	15	15	50	25	30
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	335	150	185	3,975	1,990	1,985
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	325	145	180	3,940	1,965	1,980
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	255	110	145	3,305	1,660	1,650
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	60	30	30	635	305	330
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	15	0	10	35	25	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	0	10	30	25	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	7,905	3,840	4,065	102,865	51,220	51,645
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	8,295	4,015	4,280	107,585	53,525	54,065
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	540	275	265	2,245	1,200	1,045
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	280	150	130	330	185	145
Chinese	55	20	30	240	115	130
Black	55	40	15	800	475	320
Filipino	60	30	30	240	65	175
Latin American	0	0	0	190	95	95
Arab	10	0	10	50	35	15
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	25	10	15	135	60	75
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	30	30	0
Korean	15	10	0	90	40	45
Japanese	10	10	10	0	10	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	10	0	10	70	50	20
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	20	10	10	65	45	25
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	7,755	3,735	4,020	105,340	52,325	53,020
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	8,295	4,015	4,280	107,585	53,520	54,060
North American Aboriginal origins	390	175	210	4,725	2,300	2,420
First Nations (North American Indian)	285	125	160	4,035	1,975	2,065
Inuit	10	0	0	0	0	0
Métis	110	50	55	720	355	360
Other North American origins	2,720	1,285	1,430	36,680	18,140	18,540
Acadian	10	0	0	125	55	70
American	80	50	30	1,165	495	675
Canadian	2,670	1,260	1,410	35,890	17,790	18,100
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	15	10	10	45	40	10
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	20	0	15
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	10	0	0
European origins	6,765	3,270	3,500	86,800	42,910	43,890
British Isles origins	5,485	2,655	2,830	56,790	27,450	29,335
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	10
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	2,865	1,370	1,500	35,995	17,190	18,805
Irish	2,325	1,115	1,210	19,985	9,325	10,660
Manx	0	0	0	45	35	10
Scottish	2,740	1,345	1,395	23,875	11,345	12,535
Welsh	265	115	150	2,090	1,040	1,055
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	290	140	150	2,935	1,370	1,565
French origins	820	380	445	8,765	4,325	4,435
Alsatian	0	0	0	15	15	10
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	820	380	445	8,745	4,310	4,435
Western European origins (except French origins)	2,075	970	1,100	34,565	17,250	17,320
Austrian	105	50	55	610	265	345
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	120	75	45	4,245	2,180	2,065
Dutch	560	250	305	12,410	6,305	6,105
Flemish	0	0	0	170	85	85
Frisian	0	0	0	205	110	100
German	1,480	690	790	20,065	9,810	10,260
Luxembourger	10	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	40	30	10	320	145	175
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	210	105	105	1,790	860	925
Danish	45	25	20	515	225	290
Finnish	25	0	15	250	110	140
Icelandic	15	10	10	125	65	55
Norwegian	35	15	20	455	225	230
Swedish	85	45	45	425	185	240
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	20	10	15	105	65	40
Eastern European origins	685	380	310	13,215	6,490	6,730
Bulgarian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Byelorussian	15	10	10	15	0	0
Czech	70	30	40	330	190	140
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	10	195	75	125
Estonian	30	0	25	60	25	30
Hungarian	55	35	20	3,675	1,780	1,900
Latvian	15	10	10	110	50	60
Lithuanian	10	0	0	250	110	135
Moldovan	0	0	0	20	10	15
Polish	240	140	100	3,570	1,750	1,825
Romanian	40	30	10	630	290	335
Russian	50	15	30	1,310	640	670
Slovak	15	10	10	485	265	225
Ukrainian	200	120	80	4,325	2,145	2,180
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	40	25	20
Southern European origins	485	265	225	7,050	3,495	3,555
Albanian	0	0	0	40	10	30
Bosnian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	55	30	25	420	245	175
Cypriot	0	0	0	40	20	20
Greek	70	35	35	340	185	160
Italian	240	140	105	3,600	1,745	1,855
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	85	40	45
Maltese	15	10	0	160	100	65
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	45	25	20	1,550	800	750
Serbian	35	15	15	200	95	95
Sicilian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Slovenian	20	10	10	125	45	75
Spanish	20	10	10	535	275	260
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	275	135	140
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	25	10	15	285	130	150
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	10	0	10	115	55	60
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	25	15	15
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	30	20	10
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	15	10	10	110	40	70
Caribbean origins	105	65	45	705	445	255
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	10	0	0	135	85	50
Bermudan	0	0	0	20	0	20
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	20	10	0
Dominican	10	0	15	30	15	10
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Jamaican	75	45	30	325	220	105
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	10	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	90	60	35
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	10	10	10	75	50	25
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	10	10	0	40	30	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	55	25	25	1,325	645	685
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	40	15	25
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	20	10	10	25	0	20
Belizean	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	40	20	20
Chilean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	30	20	15
Costa Rican	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	25	10	15
Guyanese	0	0	0	25	10	10
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	25	10	15
Maya	0	0	0	15	10	10
Mexican	30	10	15	975	445	530
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	10	0	0	10	10	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	65	45	20
Uruguayan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	40	30	15
African origins	30	15	15	445	230	215
Central and West African origins	10	10	10	40	25	20
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	10	0	10	10	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	20	10	15
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	0	0	0	35	35	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	35	35	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	60	40	20
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	10	10	0
South African	0	0	0	30	20	10
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	10	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	15	0	10	315	140	175
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	55	35	25
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	15	0	10	265	110	155
Asian origins	495	240	250	1,525	790	740
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	45	20	25	305	210	95
Afghan	10	10	0	10	10	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	20	20	10
Armenian	0	0	0	75	50	20
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	10	0	0	25	20	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	10	10	10
Israeli	0	0	0	15	0	15
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	10	0	10	60	45	10
Palestinian	0	0	0	20	10	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	20	10	10
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	15	0	10	20	10	10
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	10	10	10
South Asian origins	285	150	135	380	220	160
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	200	105	95	275	160	115
Goan	0	0	0	15	10	0
Gujarati	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	85	45	45	55	35	20
Punjabi	10	0	10	10	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	30	15	15
East and Southeast Asian origins	175	80	95	855	375	480
Burmese	0	10	0	0	0	10
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Chinese	80	35	45	360	180	185
Filipino	75	30	45	255	75	180
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	75	40	35
Japanese	10	0	0	35	25	10
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	10	10	90	45	45
Laotian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	15	10	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	65	20	45
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	15	15	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	10	15	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	10	0	0	15	10	10
Oceania origins	15	10	0	145	80	65
Australian	10	0	0	110	55	55
New Zealander	10	0	0	20	15	10
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	10	15	10	0
Fijian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	3,660	...	...	43,560	...	...
Owner	2,855	...	...	35,400	...	...
Renter	805	...	...	8,155	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	3,660	...	...	43,560	...	...
Condominium	265	...	...	1,560	...	...
Not condominium	3,390	...	...	42,000	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	3,655	...	...	43,560	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	60	...	...
1 bedroom	325	...	...	2,905	...	...
2 bedrooms	520	...	...	9,455	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,660	...	...	19,475	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,145	...	...	11,665	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	3,660	...	...	43,555	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	505	...	...	5,445	...	...
5 rooms	360	...	...	5,445	...	...
6 rooms	455	...	...	7,385	...	...
7 rooms	625	...	...	7,525	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,715	...	...	17,760	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.2	...	...	7.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	3,655	...	...	43,560	...	...
One person or fewer per room	3,650	...	...	43,310	...	...
More than 1 person per room	10	...	...	245	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	3,655	...	...	43,555	...	...
Suitable	3,640	...	...	42,360	...	...
Not suitable	20	...	...	1,200	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	3,655	...	...	43,560	...	...
1960 or before	700	...	...	16,470	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,595	...	...	11,165	...	...
1981 to 1990	425	...	...	5,005	...	...
1991 to 2000	305	...	...	4,590	...	...
2001 to 2005	155	...	...	2,215	...	...
2006 to 2010	270	...	...	2,265	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	205	...	...	1,850	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	3,660	...	...	43,555	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	3,475	...	...	40,690	...	...
Major repairs needed	185	...	...	2,870	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	3,655	...	...	43,560	...	...
1 household maintainer	2,305	...	...	24,725	...	...
2 household maintainers	1,320	...	...	18,280	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	25	...	...	555	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	3,655	...	...	43,560	...	...
15 to 24 years	35	...	...	755	...	...
25 to 34 years	555	...	...	4,445	...	...
35 to 44 years	525	...	...	5,770	...	...
45 to 54 years	550	...	...	8,495	...	...
55 to 64 years	875	...	...	10,295	...	...
65 to 74 years	600	...	...	8,095	...	...
75 to 84 years	385	...	...	4,160	...	...
85 years and over	125	...	...	1,545	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	3,655	...	...	41,940	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	2,965	...	...	33,525	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	695	...	...	8,420	...	...
30% to less than 100%	615	...	...	7,665	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,850	...	...	33,940	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	52.5	...	...	57.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	11.9	...	...	14.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,051	...	...	1,003	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,290	...	...	1,126	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	285,550	...	...	278,971	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	318,400	...	...	313,599	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	805	...	...	8,045	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	24.8	...	...	12.4	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	44.1	...	...	43.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	926	...	...	832	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	951	...	...	854	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	6,915	3,335	3,580	90,160	44,555	45,605
No certificate, diploma or degree	905	400	510	20,555	10,950	9,605
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	1,760	795	955	27,760	13,565	14,200
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,250	2,140	2,110	41,845	20,045	21,800
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	535	410	120	8,830	6,580	2,255
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	175	115	65	3,895	2,485	1,410
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	360	295	65	4,940	4,095	850
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	2,060	895	1,170	22,350	9,160	13,185
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	95	45	45	1,365	595	775
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,560	785	775	9,300	3,710	5,585
Bachelor's degree	1,135	580	560	6,985	2,695	4,295
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	75	30	50	690	275	415
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	30	15	15	170	100	70
Master's degree	300	160	145	1,300	565	740
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	15	10	10	150	80	70
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	4,410	2,150	2,260	55,960	27,545	28,415
No certificate, diploma or degree	240	120	115	8,175	4,715	3,460
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	1,130	530	600	17,145	8,600	8,540
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,045	1,495	1,545	30,640	14,225	16,410
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	290	235	55	5,810	4,400	1,410
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	85	60	25	2,415	1,580	835
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	205	175	25	3,395	2,820	575
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,525	655	870	17,285	7,090	10,195
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	50	30	15	815	360	455
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,185	585	600	6,730	2,380	4,350
Bachelor's degree	885	430	450	5,070	1,760	3,305
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	55	15	45	490	185	305
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	20	0	10	115	60	55
Master's degree	215	125	90	960	335	620
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	10	10	0	100	40	65
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	6,915	3,335	3,575	90,160	44,555	45,605
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	2,660	1,195	1,465	48,310	24,515	23,805
Education	275	65	205	2,750	580	2,165
13. Education	275	65	205	2,750	580	2,170
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	110	30	80	1,035	380	660
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	15	10	185	115	65
50. Visual and performing arts	90	15	80	855	265	590
Humanities	195	80	115	1,640	670	970
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	10	95	15	80
23. English language and literature/letters	55	15	40	360	95	260
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	75	35	45	365	95	270
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	10	130	80	50
39. Theology and religious vocations	30	15	15	310	205	110
54. History	25	20	0	310	170	140
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	65	10	60
Social and behavioural sciences and law	395	95	300	3,950	925	3,025
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	40	0	40
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	45	20	30	310	120	185
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	80	10	65	1,400	120	1,275
22. Legal professions and studies	75	15	60	560	140	420
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	20	0	20	80	15	70
42. Psychology	60	15	45	545	110	430
45. Social sciences	120	35	80	1,020	420	595
Business, management and public administration	710	185	520	6,910	2,065	4,845
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	10	0	15	10	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	85	10	85	890	105	790
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	615	175	435	6,000	1,950	4,055
Physical and life sciences and technologies	190	155	30	805	465	335
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	50	35	15	365	190	180
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15	10	0	175	95	80
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	10	10	0
40. Physical sciences	90	80	10	160	130	30
41. Science technologies/technicians	40	30	10	80	40	45
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	65	35	35	785	410	375
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	45	20	20	525	300	215
25. Library science	0	0	0	105	10	90
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	10	10	160	90	65
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,345	1,205	140	11,340	10,905	435
04. Architecture and related services	10	10	0	205	155	50
14. Engineering	395	320	75	500	450	50
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	395	355	40	2,235	2,065	170
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	240	240	0	2,640	2,575	65
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	230	215	20	4,015	3,965	50
48. Precision production	70	65	0	1,745	1,685	55
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	80	65	15	1,490	1,095	395
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	50	40	10	1,200	920	280
03. Natural resources and conservation	35	20	10	285	170	115
Health and related fields	640	140	500	7,650	900	6,745
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	115	65	50	645	270	370
51. Health professions and related programs	525	75	445	6,970	605	6,365
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	10	0	40	30	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	240	85	155	3,490	1,645	1,845
12. Personal and culinary services	110	0	105	1,835	295	1,540
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	95	50	50	880	630	250
49. Transportation and materials moving	30	30	0	765	710	55
Other	10	0	10	15	15	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	10	15	10	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	4,410	2,150	2,260	55,960	27,545	28,415
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	1,370	650	715	25,320	13,320	12,005
Education	135	35	105	1,695	305	1,390
13. Education	140	35	105	1,695	300	1,390
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	85	30	55	790	280	510
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	20	0	140	90	45
50. Visual and performing arts	65	10	50	650	185	460
Humanities	130	45	85	1,130	400	725
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	0	50	15	35
23. English language and literature/letters	45	10	35	295	80	215
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	45	15	30	270	60	210
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	90	40	45
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	10	10	185	110	75
54. History	10	10	10	200	100	100
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	45	0	45
Social and behavioural sciences and law	310	65	240	2,980	570	2,410
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	35	0	30
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	35	10	25	230	90	140
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	65	10	60	1,120	55	1,070
22. Legal professions and studies	75	15	55	445	75	370
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	10	55	10	50
42. Psychology	40	10	35	370	70	305
45. Social sciences	80	20	60	720	280	440
Business, management and public administration	515	130	390	5,115	1,380	3,735
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	15	10	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	65	10	60	730	80	655
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	445	115	330	4,370	1,290	3,080
Physical and life sciences and technologies	160	125	35	550	295	250
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	45	30	15	265	125	135
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	0	115	65	45
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	10	10	0
40. Physical sciences	75	65	10	100	70	30
41. Science technologies/technicians	30	30	0	60	20	40
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	55	30	25	585	305	280
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	35	15	15	445	250	190
25. Library science	0	0	0	55	10	50
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	10	0	80	45	40
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	965	845	125	8,290	7,890	395
04. Architecture and related services	10	10	0	160	120	45
14. Engineering	325	255	65	310	260	45
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	295	260	35	1,725	1,575	150
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	170	170	0	1,925	1,860	65
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	130	120	10	2,865	2,820	45
48. Precision production	40	30	0	1,300	1,255	50
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	50	30	15	1,165	825	335
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	20	15	10	945	690	250
03. Natural resources and conservation	25	15	10	225	135	85
Health and related fields	455	105	350	5,745	690	5,050
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	100	50	50	500	210	290
51. Health professions and related programs	350	50	300	5,235	475	4,755
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	10	10	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	175	70	110	2,590	1,265	1,325
12. Personal and culinary services	70	10	70	1,275	220	1,060
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	10	0
43. Security and protective services	80	35	45	715	490	225
49. Transportation and materials moving	25	25	0	595	555	45
Other	10	0	10	15	10	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	10	10	10	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	6,915	3,335	3,580	90,160	44,555	45,605
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,665	1,195	1,470	48,315	24,510	23,805
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	4,255	2,140	2,115	41,845	20,040	21,805
Location of study inside Canada	3,770	1,885	1,885	39,240	18,705	20,535
Same as province or territory of residence	3,535	1,775	1,755	37,875	18,040	19,830
Different than province or territory of residence	235	105	125	1,365	660	705
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	480	255	230	2,605	1,340	1,270
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	85	45	40	860	355	510
Philippines	30	10	15	95	20	70
India	90	45	45	35	20	15
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	140	90	50	575	365	215
China^{Census data footnote 162}	30	15	15	30	10	15
France	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other	110	50	60	990	560	435
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	4,410	2,145	2,260	55,960	27,545	28,415
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,370	650	720	25,320	13,315	12,005
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	3,045	1,500	1,545	30,635	14,225	16,410
Location of study inside Canada	2,735	1,345	1,380	29,135	13,615	15,520
Same as province or territory of residence	2,585	1,280	1,310	28,250	13,185	15,060
Different than province or territory of residence	145	70	70	890	425	460
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	315	155	160	1,505	615	890
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	60	25	30	635	215	420
Philippines	25	10	10	85	15	70
India	80	35	45	35	20	15
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	65	40	30	205	110	95
China^{Census data footnote 162}	30	15	15	20	10	20
France	0	0	0	0	0	10
Other	60	25	35	520	250	265
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	6,915	3,335	3,580	90,160	44,555	45,605
In the labour force	3,975	2,130	1,845	55,795	29,500	26,295
Employed	3,700	1,975	1,725	51,965	27,365	24,605
Unemployed	275	160	120	3,830	2,135	1,690
Not in the labour force	2,935	1,205	1,735	34,370	15,060	19,310
Participation rate	57.5	63.9	51.5	61.9	66.2	57.7
Employment rate	53.5	59.2	48.2	57.6	61.4	54.0
Unemployment rate	6.9	7.5	6.5	6.9	7.2	6.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	6,915	3,335	3,580	90,160	44,555	45,605
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	2,730	1,055	1,675	31,555	13,820	17,735
Worked	4,190	2,285	1,900	58,605	30,735	27,865
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	2,105	1,310	800	30,275	17,735	12,535
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	2,080	975	1,105	28,330	12,995	15,330
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.4	42.8	41.9	43.0	43.4	42.5
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	3,980	2,135	1,845	55,795	29,500	26,295
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	45	10	35	1,005	545	460
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	3,930	2,120	1,805	54,790	28,955	25,835
Employee	3,545	1,935	1,605	47,630	24,490	23,145
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	390	190	200	7,160	4,465	2,690
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	3,975	2,135	1,845	55,795	29,500	26,295
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	50	10	35	1,005	545	460
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	3,930	2,125	1,805	54,790	28,955	25,835
0 Management occupations	445	300	150	5,780	3,730	2,045
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	590	145	440	6,730	1,520	5,215
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	395	305	90	1,795	1,400	400
3 Health occupations	250	55	195	3,770	375	3,395
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	395	140	255	4,990	1,285	3,710
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	95	40	55	885	265	615
6 Sales and service occupations	875	350	525	11,640	4,225	7,415
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	420	390	30	11,945	11,130	820
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	65	45	20	2,795	1,890	905
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	400	340	60	4,445	3,135	1,310
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	3,975	2,130	1,840	55,795	29,500	26,295
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	50	10	35	1,005	545	455
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	3,930	2,120	1,805	54,790	28,955	25,840
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	40	20	20	4,415	2,745	1,665
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	30	20	0	230	210	20
22 Utilities	1,130	870	260	510	385	125
23 Construction	225	195	30	5,110	4,520	595
31-33 Manufacturing	150	115	40	8,005	6,080	1,920
41 Wholesale trade	45	35	10	2,340	1,735	605
44-45 Retail trade	490	220	270	6,305	2,740	3,565
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	65	35	35	2,830	2,075	760
51 Information and cultural industries	90	45	50	585	275	310
52 Finance and insurance	130	35	95	1,300	400	895
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	70	25	45	580	350	230
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	185	95	90	1,900	835	1,060
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	0	40	30	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	90	45	50	2,190	1,250	935
61 Educational services	190	45	145	3,015	705	2,310
62 Health care and social assistance	410	70	340	6,415	665	5,750
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	20	10	10	980	410	570
72 Accommodation and food services	250	95	155	3,345	1,065	2,280
81 Other services (except public administration)	145	60	95	2,500	1,350	1,150
91 Public administration	165	90	65	2,195	1,115	1,075
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	3,700	1,975	1,725	51,965	27,365	24,605
Worked at home	215	75	145	4,670	2,350	2,320
Worked outside Canada	10	0	0	135	105	35
No fixed workplace address	240	160	80	6,575	4,990	1,580
Worked at usual place	3,235	1,730	1,500	40,590	19,920	20,670
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	3,235	1,730	1,500	40,590	19,920	20,670
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	2,445	1,315	1,135	20,885	9,040	11,845
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	570	300	265	2,685	1,575	1,115
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	195	105	95	16,920	9,265	7,655
Commute to a different province or territory	25	10	10	100	45	60
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	3,475	1,895	1,580	47,160	24,910	22,250
Car, truck, van - as a driver	2,890	1,620	1,265	40,945	21,985	18,960
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	275	115	165	2,995	1,520	1,475
Public transit	45	40	10	290	95	195
Walked	210	80	130	2,410	985	1,420
Bicycle	15	15	0	140	115	25
Other method	40	25	15	390	210	180
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	3,475	1,895	1,580	47,165	24,915	22,250
Less than 15 minutes	1,570	625	940	14,790	6,700	8,085
15 to 29 minutes	1,185	815	375	13,660	6,740	6,920
30 to 44 minutes	500	320	185	9,055	4,960	4,095
45 to 59 minutes	95	45	50	4,640	2,865	1,775
60 minutes and over	120	85	35	5,020	3,645	1,375
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	3,475	1,890	1,580	47,165	24,915	22,250
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	260	225	30	5,765	4,200	1,565
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	850	615	230	9,990	6,600	3,390
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	875	455	420	11,490	5,755	5,735
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	760	250	505	8,175	2,640	5,535
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	280	95	185	3,455	1,130	2,325
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	455	245	210	8,290	4,590	3,700
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	4,315	2,335	1,980	60,055	31,390	28,660
Single responses	4,300	2,330	1,970	59,890	31,315	28,570
Official languages	4,290	2,320	1,970	59,630	31,165	28,470
English	4,275	2,315	1,960	59,525	31,140	28,385
French	15	0	10	105	20	80
Non-official languages	10	10	0	255	155	105
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	10	10	0	250	155	95
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	10	0	190	105	85
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	10	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	10	0	155	85	70
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	10	0	10	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	115	65	50
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	20	20
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	10	0	25	20	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	20	15	10
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	10	0	10	0	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	50	35	15
Chinese languages	0	0	0	45	30	10
Cantonese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	20	10	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	15	10	10	170	75	90
English and French	0	0	0	45	20	25
English and non-official language	15	10	10	125	60	65
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	4,320	2,335	1,980	60,060	31,395	28,665
None	4,250	2,305	1,950	58,810	30,805	28,000
English	10	0	0	180	70	110
French	35	15	20	285	100	185
Non-official language	15	10	0	765	405	360
Aboriginal	0	0	0	25	10	20
Non-Aboriginal	20	10	0	740	400	340
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	10	10	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	10	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	8,215	3,970	4,245	106,475	52,945	53,530
Non-movers	7,200	3,450	3,750	96,585	48,170	48,410
Movers	1,020	530	495	9,895	4,770	5,125
Non-migrants	525	270	260	4,350	2,160	2,190
Migrants	490	260	230	5,540	2,610	2,935
Internal migrants	460	240	220	5,190	2,460	2,735
Intraprovincial migrants	380	195	185	4,950	2,330	2,620
Interprovincial migrants	80	45	35	245	130	115
External migrants	30	15	20	345	150	200
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	7,770	3,765	4,005	101,960	50,650	51,315
Non-movers	5,075	2,520	2,550	72,000	35,850	36,150
Movers	2,700	1,245	1,450	29,965	14,800	15,165
Non-migrants	1,515	690	830	14,715	7,340	7,370
Migrants	1,185	565	625	15,250	7,460	7,790
Internal migrants	1,115	535	580	14,675	7,175	7,500
Intraprovincial migrants	1,045	500	545	13,990	6,870	7,120
Interprovincial migrants	70	35	35	690	310	380
External migrants	75	25	45	575	280	295

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Kincardine [Population centre], Ontario and Haldimand-Norfolk, CDR [Census division], Ontario (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 8, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Kincardine [Population centre], Ontario and Haldimand-Norfolk, Census division [Census division], Ontario

Census Profile, 2016 Census Kincardine [Population centre], Ontario and Haldimand-Norfolk, Census division [Census division], Ontario

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Kincardine [Population centre], Ontario and Haldimand-Norfolk, Census division [Census division], Ontario