Census Profile, 2016 Census
L'Épiphanie [Population centre], Quebec and Battle River--Crowfoot [Federal electoral district], Alberta

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	L'Épiphanie Quebec [Population centre]			Battle River--Crowfoot Alberta [Federal electoral district]
	Data quality , L'Épiphanie [Population centre], Quebec Map : L'Épiphanie [Population centre], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Battle River--Crowfoot [Federal electoral district], Alberta Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	7,225	...	...	110,223	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	7,090 ^r	...	...	107,140	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	1.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	2,918	...	...	47,750	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	2,818	...	...	43,129	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	743.7	...	...	2.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	9.72	...	...	51,977.75	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	7,225	3,555	3,675	110,225	55,475	54,750
0 to 14 years	1,520	765	755	20,080	10,350	9,730
0 to 4 years	535	280	255	6,565	3,420	3,150
5 to 9 years	540	265	275	6,915	3,495	3,420
10 to 14 years	445	225	220	6,600	3,435	3,165
15 to 64 years	4,755	2,375	2,380	69,805	35,590	34,215
15 to 19 years	400	190	210	6,660	3,435	3,225
20 to 24 years	480	245	235	6,075	3,285	2,795
25 to 29 years	505	265	240	6,390	3,365	3,020
30 to 34 years	540	270	265	6,795	3,415	3,385
35 to 39 years	500	230	275	6,575	3,330	3,245
40 to 44 years	440	225	220	6,325	3,210	3,115
45 to 49 years	460	225	235	6,645	3,350	3,295
50 to 54 years	595	295	300	8,180	4,070	4,110
55 to 59 years	485	250	235	8,570	4,305	4,260
60 to 64 years	350	180	170	7,595	3,825	3,770
65 years and over	945	410	540	20,335	9,530	10,800
65 to 69 years	295	140	155	6,355	3,170	3,180
70 to 74 years	235	120	120	4,725	2,290	2,440
75 to 79 years	170	75	90	3,560	1,715	1,845
80 to 84 years	100	35	65	2,635	1,230	1,410
85 years and over	150	45	105	3,055	1,130	1,920
85 to 89 years	95	35	60	1,805	750	1,060
90 to 94 years	35	5	35	960	310	650
95 to 99 years	15	5	10	255	55	200
100 years and over	0	0	0	30	15	15
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	21.0	21.5	20.5	18.2	18.7	17.8
15 to 64 years	65.8	66.8	64.8	63.3	64.2	62.5
65 years and over	13.1	11.5	14.7	18.4	17.2	19.7
85 years and over	2.1	1.3	2.9	2.8	2.0	3.5
Average age of the population	37.6	36.7	38.5	41.4	40.6	42.3
Median age of the population	36.4	35.6	37.2	42.0	40.9	43.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	2,820	...	...	43,130	...	...
Single-detached house	1,635	...	...	33,960	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	75	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	1,185	...	...	6,180	...	...
Semi-detached house	270	...	...	1,405	...	...
Row house	125	...	...	1,190	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	255	...	...	445	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	525	...	...	3,005	...	...
Other single-attached house	20	...	...	140	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	5	...	...	2,915	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	2,815	...	...	43,130	...	...
1 person	720	...	...	11,670	...	...
2 persons	940	...	...	17,185	...	...
3 persons	515	...	...	5,445	...	...
4 persons	410	...	...	5,225	...	...
5 or more persons	230	...	...	3,605	...	...
Number of persons in private households	7,040	...	...	102,910	...	...
Average household size	2.5	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	5,705	2,785	2,920	90,140	45,125	45,015
Married or living common law	3,380	1,685	1,695	56,645	28,395	28,250
Married	1,485	735	750	48,615	24,385	24,225
Living common law	1,895	950	940	8,035	4,010	4,025
Not married and not living common law	2,325	1,100	1,230	33,495	16,730	16,765
Never married	1,570	845	725	20,000	11,915	8,085
Separated	70	40	35	2,030	950	1,080
Divorced	355	145	205	5,255	2,480	2,780
Widowed	335	70	265	6,205	1,390	4,815
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	2,055	...	...	30,465	...	...
2 persons	975	...	...	17,205	...	...
3 persons	510	...	...	5,170	...	...
4 persons	390	...	...	4,995	...	...
5 or more persons	190	...	...	3,095	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	2,050	...	...	30,465	...	...
Total couple families	1,660	...	...	26,955	...	...
Married couples	715	...	...	22,945	...	...
Common-law couples	950	...	...	4,010	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	390	...	...	3,505	...	...
Female parent	280	...	...	2,620	...	...
Male parent	110	...	...	885	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	1,660	...	...	26,955	...	...
Couples without children	770	...	...	15,030	...	...
Couples with children	895	...	...	11,930	...	...
1 child	375	...	...	4,260	...	...
2 children	350	...	...	4,660	...	...
3 or more children	170	...	...	3,005	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	390	...	...	3,510	...	...
1 child	210	...	...	2,180	...	...
2 children	130	...	...	905	...	...
3 or more children	55	...	...	420	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,040	540	495	16,405	8,640	7,765
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	2,815	...	...	43,125	...	...
One-census-family households	1,975	...	...	29,660	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	735	...	...	14,670	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	1,240	...	...	14,990	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	35	...	...	395	...	...
Non-census-family households	805	...	...	13,070	...	...
One-person households	715	...	...	11,670	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	85	...	...	1,405	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	7,045	3,505	3,540	108,020	54,270	53,750
English only	15	5	5	104,535	52,640	51,895
French only	5,080	2,400	2,675	40	20	20
English and French	1,950	1,090	860	3,105	1,435	1,665
Neither English nor French	5	5	0	345	175	165
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	7,045	3,505	3,540	108,020	54,270	53,750
English	70	40	30	106,570	53,515	53,055
French	6,950	3,450	3,495	1,065	565	500
English and French	25	15	15	55	20	30
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	335	170	165
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	80	45	35	1,095	580	515
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.1	1.3	1.0	1.0	1.1	1.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	7,045	3,505	3,545	108,020	54,270	53,750
Single responses	7,000	3,475	3,525	106,825	53,690	53,140
Official languages	6,885	3,420	3,460	97,540	49,165	48,370
English	55	35	25	96,335	48,535	47,805
French	6,825	3,390	3,430	1,205	635	570
Non-official languages	115	50	65	9,285	4,520	4,765
Aboriginal languages	5	0	0	50	20	30
Algonquian languages	0	5	0	45	20	25
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	5	0	40	20	20
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	10	5	5
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	5	0	5
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	15	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	5	0	5
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Non-Aboriginal languages	115	50	65	9,235	4,500	4,735
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	105	60	45
Berber languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	0	5	105	55	45
Amharic	0	0	0	10	5	5
Arabic	5	5	0	75	35	35
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	0	5
Maltese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	5	0	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	50	25	25
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Vietnamese	0	0	0	30	15	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	1,325	560	765
Bikol	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	75	25	50
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	5	5
Ilocano	0	0	0	40	20	20
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	5	0	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Pangasinan	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	1,170	500	670
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	10	5	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	0	15	10	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	5	0	10	5	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	110	55	55
Kannada	0	0	0	5	5	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	80	35	40
Tamil	0	0	0	20	15	5
Telugu	0	0	0	10	5	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	90	35	50	6,995	3,480	3,510
Albanian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	0	780	390	390
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Latvian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	775	390	385
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Bulgarian	5	0	5	10	5	0
Croatian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Czech	0	0	0	40	20	25
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	100	50	50
Russian	0	0	0	110	50	55
Serbian	0	0	0	15	10	5
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	10	5
Slovak	0	0	0	20	10	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	440	225	220
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Celtic languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	10	5	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Germanic languages	0	0	5	5,340	2,630	2,715
Afrikaans	0	0	0	125	65	60
Danish	0	0	0	105	60	50
Dutch	0	0	0	335	180	160
Frisian	0	0	0	10	5	5
German	0	0	0	4,615	2,245	2,365
Icelandic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	65	35	35
Swedish	0	0	0	60	30	30
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Greek	5	0	5	45	25	25
Indo-Iranian languages	5	0	0	390	225	165
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	365	210	150
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	55	40	15
Hindi	0	0	0	75	40	35
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	5	5	5
Marathi	0	0	0	10	5	5
Nepali	0	0	0	5	5	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	105	60	45
Sindhi	0	0	0	5	5	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	30	10	15
Urdu	0	0	0	70	40	25
Iranian languages	0	0	0	20	10	5
Kurdish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	20	10	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages	75	35	40	420	205	220
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	15	10	5	45	20	25
Portuguese	5	0	5	30	20	20
Romanian	15	10	10	15	5	10
Spanish	35	15	25	330	160	170
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	35	10	30
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	175	90	85
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	5	50	30	20
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	5	0
Lingala	5	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	5	0	5
Swahili	0	0	5	5	0	5
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	15	15	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	5	250	115	135
Chinese languages	5	0	0	250	120	130
Cantonese	0	0	0	95	50	50
Hakka	0	0	0	5	0	0
Mandarin	5	0	5	65	25	40
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	80	40	40
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Lao	0	0	0	10	5	5
Thai	0	0	0	10	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	5	0	5	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	5	0	5	0	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	5	85	45	40
Estonian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Finnish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Hungarian	0	0	0	75	40	30
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	5
Multiple responses	50	30	20	1,195	585	610
English and French	35	25	15	125	55	75
English and non-official language	0	0	0	1,055	520	525
French and non-official language	5	5	5	10	5	5
English, French and non-official language	5	0	0	5	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	7,050	3,505	3,540	108,020	54,270	53,745
Single responses	7,010	3,490	3,520	106,145	53,360	52,780
Official languages	6,950	3,465	3,485	101,340	51,005	50,335
English	30	15	10	100,980	50,805	50,175
French	6,920	3,450	3,470	360	195	165
Non-official languages	60	25	35	4,805	2,355	2,445
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	55	20	35	4,800	2,355	2,445
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	65	35	30
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	0	0	65	35	30
Amharic	0	0	0	5	5	0
Arabic	0	0	0	40	20	20
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	10	10	5
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	5	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	5	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	25	10	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Vietnamese	0	0	0	20	5	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	645	315	330
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	20	10	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	5	5	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	5	5
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	605	295	310
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	5	5	5
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	0	5	0	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	55	25	25
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	45	20	20
Tamil	0	0	0	10	5	5
Telugu	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	50	20	30	3,680	1,800	1,885
Albanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	120	70	55
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	125	70	55
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	10	5	0
Czech	0	0	0	15	10	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Serbian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	5	5
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	60	40	20
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	3,195	1,545	1,650
Afrikaans	0	0	0	95	50	45
Danish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	35	15	20
Frisian	0	0	0	5	0	0
German	0	0	0	3,040	1,465	1,575
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Swedish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Greek	0	0	5	20	5	10
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	190	105	90
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	190	100	90
Bengali	0	0	0	5	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	25	15	10
Hindi	0	0	0	25	10	15
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	10	5	5
Nepali	0	0	0	5	5	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	60	30	25
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	20	5	15
Urdu	0	0	0	40	25	20
Iranian languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	45	15	25	150	75	75
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	5	5	0	5
Portuguese	0	0	0	5	0	5
Romanian	15	5	10	5	5	5
Spanish	20	10	15	135	70	65
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	125	65	60
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	5	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	5	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	15	10	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	135	70	70
Chinese languages	5	0	0	135	70	70
Cantonese	0	0	0	70	35	35
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	0	0	25	10	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	40	20	20
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Lao	0	0	0	5	5	5
Thai	0	0	0	0	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	10	10	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Multiple responses	40	20	20	1,875	910	965
English and French	15	5	15	80	40	40
English and non-official language	0	0	0	1,790	870	915
French and non-official language	20	10	10	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language	0	5	0	5	0	5
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	7,045	3,505	3,545	108,020	54,270	53,745
None	6,730	3,335	3,395	102,765	51,690	51,080
English	215	120	95	2,730	1,355	1,380
French	35	15	20	510	230	280
Non-official language	55	25	30	1,960	970	990
Aboriginal	0	0	0	30	10	15
Non-Aboriginal	50	20	30	1,930	960	970
English and French	5	5	5	10	5	5
English and non-official language	10	5	5	30	20	10
French and non-official language	5	5	0	15	0	15
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	5,520	2,735	2,785	83,945	42,160	41,785
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	5,270	2,635	2,640	80,925	40,730	40,190
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,889	39,586	26,995	38,986	52,127	29,837
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	5,270	2,630	2,640	80,935	40,735	40,200
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,485	34,291	24,923	35,185	45,140	27,720
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,605	2,375	2,230	75,680	38,935	36,745
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,568	38,167	22,784	36,872	50,108	26,718
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,150	1,930	2,215	49,180	20,090	29,090
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,431	6,208	8,343	7,211	8,652	6,352
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,995	2,095	1,900	64,165	34,115	30,050
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,579	39,019	24,832	35,924	48,457	26,710
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	5,515	2,710	2,805	84,160	42,240	41,920
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	5,270	2,625	2,640	80,995	40,780	40,220
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,507	45,252	31,807	51,179	63,776	38,407
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	5,265	2,625	2,645	81,010	40,780	40,230
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,543	37,217	27,899	42,685	51,955	33,288
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,585	2,355	2,230	75,855	38,980	36,880
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,424	43,907	28,532	49,064	61,912	35,483
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,115	1,870	2,245	49,130	20,065	29,065
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,722	8,289	9,083	8,621	9,335	8,128
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,990	2,060	1,925	64,325	34,075	30,245
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,218	44,290	29,651	46,626	57,719	34,129
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	5,515	2,710	2,810	84,160	42,240	41,915
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	1,760	985	770	29,230	17,835	11,400
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	44,332	52,785	35,775	54,806	63,710	44,997
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	49,595	56,855	40,377	63,419	71,734	50,410
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	81.8	87.0	74.6	89.8	92.9	84.6
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	72.7	76.7	67.2	72.0	75.5	66.0
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	18.1	13.0	25.4	10.2	7.1	15.4
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	5,520	2,735	2,790	83,945	42,155	41,790
Without total income	250	105	150	3,020	1,425	1,595
With total income	5,270	2,630	2,640	80,925	40,730	40,190
Percentage with total income	95.5	96.2	94.6	96.4	96.6	96.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	595	240	355	9,315	3,250	6,065
$10,000 to $19,999	930	330	600	10,990	4,080	6,915
$20,000 to $29,999	880	380	495	11,770	4,560	7,205
$30,000 to $39,999	820	390	435	9,305	3,900	5,400
$40,000 to $49,999	610	335	275	8,145	3,810	4,330
$50,000 to $59,999	475	280	195	6,705	3,595	3,110
$60,000 to $69,999	335	225	110	5,550	3,455	2,095
$70,000 to $79,999	260	175	85	4,250	2,850	1,400
$80,000 to $89,999	145	110	35	3,295	2,280	1,010
$90,000 to $99,999	85	65	20	2,800	1,910	885
$100,000 and over	140	110	25	8,800	7,035	1,765
$100,000 to $149,999	110	90	25	6,045	4,715	1,330
$150,000 and over	30	20	10	2,755	2,325	430
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	5,520	2,735	2,790	83,945	42,160	41,790
Without after-tax income	250	100	150	3,010	1,420	1,585
With after-tax income	5,275	2,630	2,640	80,935	40,735	40,200
Percentage with after-tax income	95.6	96.2	94.6	96.4	96.6	96.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	620	245	375	9,590	3,345	6,245
$10,000 to $19,999	985	350	630	11,535	4,280	7,260
$20,000 to $29,999	1,085	495	595	13,430	5,240	8,190
$30,000 to $39,999	985	520	470	11,190	4,905	6,290
$40,000 to $49,999	680	390	290	9,570	4,985	4,590
$50,000 to $59,999	465	305	165	7,495	4,650	2,845
$60,000 to $69,999	235	170	65	5,230	3,575	1,655
$70,000 to $79,999	110	80	35	4,000	2,770	1,230
$80,000 and over	105	85	20	8,885	6,980	1,905
$80,000 to $89,999	45	35	10	2,680	1,920	760
$90,000 to $99,999	25	20	5	1,860	1,445	415
$100,000 and over	40	30	10	4,345	3,620	730
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	5,520	2,735	2,785	83,945	42,160	41,790
Without employment income	1,530	645	880	19,780	8,045	11,735
With employment income	3,995	2,090	1,900	64,165	34,115	30,050
Percentage with employment income	72.4	76.4	68.2	76.4	80.9	71.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	410	195	220	8,670	4,035	4,630
$5,000 to $9,999	295	100	190	4,705	1,885	2,820
$10,000 to $19,999	630	255	375	7,995	3,265	4,730
$20,000 to $29,999	580	250	330	6,855	2,700	4,150
$30,000 to $39,999	560	280	280	6,490	2,800	3,690
$40,000 to $49,999	440	250	190	5,785	2,775	3,005
$50,000 to $59,999	335	225	110	4,830	2,670	2,160
$60,000 to $69,999	255	170	80	4,065	2,625	1,440
$70,000 to $79,999	220	145	75	3,195	2,245	950
$80,000 and over	275	225	50	11,585	9,105	2,475
$80,000 to $89,999	115	90	20	2,555	1,825	725
$90,000 to $99,999	55	45	5	2,325	1,595	730
$100,000 and over	110	85	25	6,710	5,690	1,020
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	2,820	...	...	43,130	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	62,566	...	...	79,164	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	54,955	...	...	69,079	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	720	...	...	11,670	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,131	...	...	38,289	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,392	...	...	34,472	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	2,100	...	...	31,460	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	76,743	...	...	97,016	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	66,188	...	...	83,701	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	2,815	...	...	43,205	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	72,162	...	...	95,946	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	60,985	...	...	80,032	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	705	...	...	11,695	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,795	...	...	49,551	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,467	...	...	41,453	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	2,105	...	...	31,515	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	84,331	...	...	113,161	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	71,197	...	...	94,347	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	2,815	...	...	43,130	...	...
Under $5,000	25	...	...	495	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	30	...	...	330	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	85	...	...	550	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	150	...	...	1,175	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	120	...	...	2,165	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	125	...	...	1,435	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	145	...	...	1,590	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	155	...	...	1,845	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	125	...	...	1,640	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	125	...	...	1,660	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	265	...	...	3,040	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	230	...	...	3,015	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	220	...	...	2,915	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	185	...	...	2,690	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	170	...	...	2,460	...	...
$100,000 and over	675	...	...	16,130	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	325	...	...	5,190	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	185	...	...	3,685	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	115	...	...	4,105	...	...
$200,000 and over	45	...	...	3,150	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	2,820	...	...	43,125	...	...
Under $5,000	25	...	...	565	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	30	...	...	355	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	90	...	...	575	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	160	...	...	1,230	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	140	...	...	2,310	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	140	...	...	1,635	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	190	...	...	1,860	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	165	...	...	2,055	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	170	...	...	1,985	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	145	...	...	1,950	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	325	...	...	3,745	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	270	...	...	3,635	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	235	...	...	3,470	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	220	...	...	3,095	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	170	...	...	2,815	...	...
$100,000 and over	345	...	...	11,850	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	205	...	...	4,950	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	80	...	...	3,070	...	...
$150,000 and over	60	...	...	3,830	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	2,040	...	...	30,400	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,032	...	...	96,343	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	65,595	...	...	83,160	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	705	...	...	14,495	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	67,883	...	...	86,897	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	58,667	...	...	75,868	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	900	...	...	12,025	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,128	...	...	119,590	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	82,609	...	...	101,258	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	375	...	...	3,300	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	44,224	...	...	56,026	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	41,318	...	...	51,700	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	2,065	...	...	30,455	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	84,338	...	...	112,749	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	71,094	...	...	93,918	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	715	...	...	14,550	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	76,961	...	...	105,115	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	64,587	...	...	87,397	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	890	...	...	12,030	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	103,489	...	...	134,247	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	86,398	...	...	111,228	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	395	...	...	3,290	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	54,651	...	...	68,692	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,147	...	...	59,953	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	895	480	420	14,920	7,820	7,100
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	28,864	34,944	22,720	37,009	44,780	31,335
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	26,288	30,624	22,144	33,489	39,185	29,216
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	855	440	415	14,910	7,705	7,210
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	33,962	37,863	29,812	47,708	54,844	40,083
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	29,140	31,342	26,796	40,062	44,854	34,941
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	7,045	3,505	3,540	102,910	51,950	50,960
In the bottom half of the distribution	4,420	2,140	2,275	44,585	21,475	23,110
In the bottom decile	650	300	345	6,555	3,160	3,400
In the second decile	860	400	465	8,550	3,905	4,645
In the third decile	985	490	495	9,660	4,570	5,085
In the fourth decile	955	475	485	9,790	4,770	5,015
In the fifth decile	965	480	490	10,030	5,070	4,955
In the top half of the distribution	2,625	1,360	1,265	58,325	30,480	27,850
In the sixth decile	835	440	395	10,575	5,410	5,165
In the seventh decile	685	355	330	11,470	5,975	5,495
In the eighth decile	580	305	280	11,520	5,985	5,540
In the ninth decile	395	195	195	12,575	6,585	5,985
In the top decile	125	65	60	12,185	6,525	5,660
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	7,045	3,505	3,540	102,910	51,945	50,960
0 to 17 years	1,780	890	885	22,805	11,770	11,040
0 to 5 years	650	330	315	7,475	3,860	3,615
18 to 64 years	4,490	2,250	2,240	62,575	31,620	30,955
65 years and over	775	365	415	17,525	8,550	8,975
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,085	490	590	10,265	4,825	5,440
0 to 17 years	300	155	140	2,870	1,475	1,395
0 to 5 years	80	50	40	985	505	485
18 to 64 years	600	275	325	5,630	2,640	2,990
65 years and over	180	60	120	1,765	700	1,065
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.4	14.0	16.7	10.0	9.3	10.7
0 to 17 years (%)	16.9	17.4	15.8	12.6	12.5	12.6
0 to 5 years (%)	12.3	15.2	12.7	13.2	13.1	13.4
18 to 64 years (%)	13.4	12.2	14.5	9.0	8.3	9.7
65 years and over (%)	23.2	16.4	28.9	10.1	8.2	11.9
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	370	180	185	3,965	1,950	2,015
0 to 17 years	85	45	45	1,065	525	535
0 to 5 years	20	10	15	355	190	170
18 to 64 years	270	130	140	2,625	1,290	1,340
65 years and over	10	10	0	270	130	140
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.3	5.1	5.2	3.9	3.8	4.0
0 to 17 years (%)	4.8	5.1	5.1	4.7	4.5	4.8
0 to 5 years (%)	3.1	3.0	4.8	4.7	4.9	4.7
18 to 64 years (%)	6.0	5.8	6.3	4.2	4.1	4.3
65 years and over (%)	1.3	2.7	0.0	1.5	1.5	1.6
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	7,045	3,505	3,535	103,190	52,055	51,130
Official languages	7,040	3,500	3,535	103,015	51,970	51,050
English	1,905	1,040	870	102,960	51,960	51,005
French	7,025	3,505	3,520	3,145	1,445	1,700
Non-official languages	220	90	130	7,815	3,800	4,010
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	75	25	50
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	55	20	35
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	50	15	35
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	15	0	10
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	35	10	25
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	10	10	10
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	10	0	10
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	215	85	130	7,745	3,780	3,965
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	160	100	60
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	160	100	55
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	150	90	60
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	10	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	40	20	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Vietnamese	0	0	0	20	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	1,845	785	1,065
Bikol	0	0	0	15	10	10
Cebuano	0	0	0	95	35	55
Fijian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	65	25	40
Malagasy	0	0	0	10	10	10
Malay	0	0	0	25	0	15
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	25	15	10
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	1,780	765	1,015
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Creole languages	0	0	10	10	0	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	10	15	0	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	125	70	60
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	110	60	50
Tamil	0	0	0	10	10	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	10	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	190	75	110	4,800	2,435	2,365
Albanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	790	355	435
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Latvian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	785	355	435
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Czech	0	0	0	75	35	40
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	100	40	60
Russian	0	0	0	220	100	115
Serbian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Slovak	0	0	0	20	10	15
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	370	155	215
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	10	10	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	2,725	1,400	1,325
Afrikaans	0	0	0	160	75	80
Danish	0	0	0	120	65	60
Dutch	0	0	0	400	190	215
Frisian	0	0	0	10	0	0
German	0	0	0	1,890	990	895
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	100	45	50
Swedish	0	0	0	50	35	20
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	30	15
Greek	0	0	0	95	60	40
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	490	295	195
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	445	265	180
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	45	30	15
Hindi	0	0	0	180	120	60
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	10	0	10
Nepali	0	0	0	10	10	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	175	90	85
Sindhi	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	25	10	15
Urdu	0	0	0	120	75	45
Iranian languages	0	0	0	40	30	15
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	40	30	15
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	180	75	105	870	415	455
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	35	30	10	45	20	25
Portuguese	15	0	15	85	40	45
Romanian	10	10	10	10	10	0
Spanish	130	40	90	750	355	395
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	30	10	15
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	225	115	110
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	10	10	65	45	20
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	0	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	25	15	10
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	30	20	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	140	65	75
American Sign Language	0	0	0	45	20	25
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	100	45	55
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	10	280	115	160
Chinese languages	10	0	10	275	115	160
Cantonese	0	0	0	135	65	80
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	0	10	80	25	55
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	75	30	40
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	0	45	15	30
Lao	0	10	0	25	10	15
Thai	0	0	0	30	10	25
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	15	0	15
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	85	45	40
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	25	10	15
Hungarian	0	0	0	65	40	20
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	7,045	3,505	3,535	103,185	52,055	51,135
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	6,985	3,495	3,490	99,645	50,445	49,195
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,780	910	870	22,345	11,470	10,880
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	5,205	2,585	2,615	77,300	38,975	38,315
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	60	15	50	3,545	1,610	1,940
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	7,045	3,505	3,535	103,185	52,055	51,130
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	6,885	3,440	3,445	95,865	48,605	47,265
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	155	60	90	6,465	3,075	3,385
Before 1981	20	15	10	2,245	1,050	1,195
1981 to 1990	20	10	10	530	240	290
1991 to 2000	30	10	15	625	315	305
2001 to 2010	70	25	45	1,330	625	705
2001 to 2005	15	10	10	460	200	260
2006 to 2010	55	25	35	870	430	440
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	10	0	10	1,735	845	895
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	10	0	0	860	375	485
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	150	65	90	6,460	3,075	3,385
Under 5 years	0	0	0	940	440	495
5 to 14 years	35	0	30	1,390	710	680
15 to 24 years	40	10	25	1,275	635	645
25 to 44 years	70	40	25	2,420	1,090	1,330
45 years and over	15	10	10	430	200	235
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	155	65	90	6,460	3,075	3,385
Americas	25	0	25	1,235	510	725
Brazil	10	0	0	10	0	10
Colombia	0	0	0	25	15	10
El Salvador	0	0	0	55	25	30
Guyana	0	0	0	20	10	10
Haiti	0	0	0	10	0	10
Jamaica	0	0	0	85	45	45
Mexico	10	0	0	290	130	150
Peru	0	0	0	0	10	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	30	20	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	565	185	380
Other places of birth in Americas	15	0	15	150	70	80
Europe	60	30	30	2,565	1,280	1,285
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	20	15	10
Croatia	0	0	0	20	0	20
France	20	10	10	40	10	25
Germany	0	0	0	385	220	160
Greece	0	0	0	35	25	10
Hungary	0	0	0	40	20	15
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	35	15	20
Italy	10	10	0	10	10	10
Netherlands	0	0	0	340	160	175
Poland	0	0	0	120	70	55
Portugal	0	0	0	20	10	10
Romania	10	10	0	25	20	10
Russian Federation	0	0	0	80	40	45
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	20	10	15
Ukraine	0	0	0	60	20	35
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	1,015	495	520
Other places of birth in Europe	30	10	15	295	135	160
Africa	55	20	30	230	125	105
Algeria	0	10	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	15	10	10
Kenya	0	0	0	10	10	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	30	20	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	130	55	75
Other places of birth in Africa	50	20	30	45	20	20
Asia	10	0	0	2,340	1,110	1,230
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	10	0	0	135	50	80
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	15	10	0
India	0	0	0	225	140	80
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	30	20	15
Iraq	0	0	0	30	15	20
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	170	90	80
Lebanon	0	0	0	45	25	20
Pakistan	0	0	0	80	45	35
Philippines	0	0	0	1,430	630	795
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	25	10	15
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	15	0	10
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	125	60	65
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	90	45	40
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	10	0	10	1,735	840	890
Americas	10	0	10	240	110	135
Brazil	0	0	0	10	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cuba	0	0	0	10	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	65	35	30
Mexico	0	0	0	60	25	35
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	90	30	55
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	10	15	10	0
Europe	0	0	0	130	80	50
France	0	0	0	10	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	35	25	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	25	15	15
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	20	20	10
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	10	25	10	15
Africa	0	0	0	70	40	30
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	15	10	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	35	15	20
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	15	10	0
Asia	0	0	0	1,290	620	670
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	35	10	20
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	150	90	60
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	30	15	20
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	55	25	30
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	40	20	15
Philippines	0	0	0	945	435	510
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	10	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	15	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	7,045	3,505	3,535	103,190	52,055	51,130
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	165	65	95	7,790	3,665	4,130
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	245	110	130	15,490	7,515	7,975
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	6,640	3,330	3,310	79,900	40,875	39,030
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	130	50	80	4,360	2,095	2,265
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	85	30	55	2,755	1,380	1,380
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	35	20	15	1,045	615	430
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	55	15	40	1,710	760	950
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	30	0	25	1,230	500	730
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	20	10	0	345	200	145
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	25	15	15
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	7,045	3,510	3,540	103,185	52,055	51,135
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	95	40	55	4,465	2,120	2,345
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	95	40	55	4,320	2,055	2,265
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	65	20	45	1,510	760	750
Métis	35	20	10	2,750	1,280	1,480
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	60	15	40
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	105	60	45
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	10	10	0	45	10	35
Non-Aboriginal identity	6,945	3,460	3,485	98,720	49,935	48,785
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	7,045	3,510	3,535	103,190	52,055	51,135
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	25	0	20	1,060	505	550
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	7,020	3,500	3,515	102,130	51,545	50,585
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	7,045	3,505	3,540	103,190	52,055	51,130
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	45	30	20	615	305	310
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	50	30	20	585	290	290
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	30	20	10	325	155	165
Métis single ancestry	15	15	0	245	125	120
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	15	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	35	15	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	30	15	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	195	100	95	5,220	2,500	2,720
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	195	100	95	4,915	2,355	2,565
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	180	90	90	2,550	1,255	1,295
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	10	0	2,330	1,085	1,245
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	35	20	20
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	300	145	155
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	280	130	150
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	20	15	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	6,795	3,375	3,425	97,350	49,240	48,110
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	7,045	3,505	3,540	103,185	52,050	51,135
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	185	85	100	4,590	2,220	2,380
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	665	390	275
Chinese	10	0	10	335	145	185
Black	105	55	50	495	265	235
Filipino	0	0	0	2,050	900	1,150
Latin American	40	10	30	265	125	140
Arab	10	0	0	135	80	55
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	10	10	150	70	80
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	50	20	30
Korean	0	0	0	210	110	100
Japanese	0	0	0	30	25	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	90	25	65
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	25	15	10	120	65	60
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	6,860	3,420	3,430	98,595	49,835	48,760
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	7,040	3,505	3,535	103,190	52,055	51,135
North American Aboriginal origins	245	135	115	5,835	2,810	3,025
First Nations (North American Indian)	215	110	105	3,190	1,565	1,630
Inuit	0	0	0	80	45	35
Métis	35	25	10	2,905	1,370	1,535
Other North American origins	5,755	2,880	2,875	31,795	16,185	15,615
Acadian	30	20	10	135	65	70
American	35	25	10	2,655	1,370	1,285
Canadian	5,550	2,760	2,785	29,975	15,255	14,725
New Brunswicker	10	10	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	20	10	10
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ontarian	10	0	0	15	0	10
Québécois	270	150	120	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	10
European origins	2,125	1,065	1,060	83,040	41,690	41,350
British Isles origins	470	245	220	52,335	25,835	26,495
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	10	0	10
English	45	20	25	31,055	15,235	15,820
Irish	400	215	190	19,580	9,540	10,040
Manx	0	0	0	45	10	30
Scottish	85	50	30	22,460	10,845	11,610
Welsh	0	0	0	2,485	1,100	1,380
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	0	0	0	1,960	925	1,040
French origins	1,450	735	710	10,965	5,435	5,530
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	15	0	10	0	0	0
Corsican	20	15	10	10	10	0
French	1,410	720	690	10,960	5,435	5,520
Western European origins (except French origins)	100	45	55	35,560	17,855	17,700
Austrian	0	0	0	935	415	520
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	50	20	25	610	315	290
Dutch	0	0	0	5,455	2,665	2,795
Flemish	0	0	0	40	15	25
Frisian	0	0	0	25	0	15
German	40	20	30	30,335	15,350	14,985
Luxembourger	0	0	0	15	10	10
Swiss	10	10	10	915	440	475
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	10	10	10
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	10	10	0	17,885	8,820	9,065
Danish	10	0	10	2,615	1,300	1,310
Finnish	0	0	0	425	240	180
Icelandic	0	0	0	430	225	205
Norwegian	10	10	0	10,680	5,155	5,525
Swedish	0	0	0	5,790	2,915	2,875
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	505	300	205
Eastern European origins	75	45	25	19,480	9,640	9,835
Bulgarian	0	0	0	20	10	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Czech	10	0	0	635	285	350
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	385	190	195
Estonian	0	0	0	110	55	50
Hungarian	15	15	10	1,395	640	755
Latvian	0	0	0	40	25	15
Lithuanian	10	0	10	120	40	90
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	20	20	0	5,450	2,745	2,705
Romanian	10	0	10	715	345	375
Russian	0	0	0	3,410	1,685	1,725
Slovak	0	0	0	225	110	115
Ukrainian	10	0	10	10,365	5,170	5,190
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	15	10	10	20	15	0
Southern European origins	370	185	185	3,135	1,505	1,625
Albanian	10	0	10	10	0	10
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	155	70	80
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	310	190	125
Italian	285	155	135	1,645	810	835
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Maltese	0	0	0	25	10	15
Montenegrin	0	0	0	10	0	0
Portuguese	10	0	10	200	110	90
Serbian	0	0	0	95	45	50
Sicilian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	35	15	15
Spanish	65	25	40	580	230	350
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	110	55	50
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Other European origins	15	10	10	360	175	190
Basque	15	0	10	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	105	60	45
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	20	10	15
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	230	110	120
Caribbean origins	45	20	30	425	220	210
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	15	15	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	30	20	15
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Carib	0	0	0	10	0	10
Cuban	0	0	0	10	10	0
Dominican	25	10	25	25	15	10
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	35	20	15	10	0	10
Jamaican	0	0	0	220	100	125
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	10	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	45	20	20
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	60	30	30
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	55	10	40	605	300	310
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	20	0	20
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Belizean	0	0	0	0	10	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Brazilian	20	10	20	10	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	55	35	25
Colombian	15	0	10	20	15	10
Costa Rican	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	20	10	10
Guyanese	0	0	0	30	20	15
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	10	0	0	275	135	135
Nicaraguan	10	0	10	55	25	30
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	20	10	15
Peruvian	25	0	20	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	45	25	25
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	30	15	15
African origins	105	55	50	470	240	230
Central and West African origins	50	40	15	75	40	35
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	25	15	10	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	25	20	10	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	65	35	30
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	10	10	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	20	0	10	60	45	15
Algerian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	45	35	10
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	215	95	115
Afrikaner	0	0	0	10	0	10
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	20	20	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	15	10	10
Mauritian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	15	10	10
South African	0	0	0	145	60	80
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	15	0	10
Other African origins	35	10	25	130	55	70
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	35	10	25	105	45	60
Asian origins	70	30	35	4,085	1,925	2,165
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	25	10	15	420	215	205
Afghan	0	0	0	20	15	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	20	10	20
Armenian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	50	25	25
Iraqi	0	0	0	35	15	20
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	10	10	0	235	130	115
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	30	15	15
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	10	0	0
South Asian origins	0	0	0	660	370	300
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	0	0	520	280	240
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	15	10	10
Nepali	0	0	0	10	10	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	80	50	30
Punjabi	0	0	0	20	15	10
Sinhalese	0	0	0	15	0	15
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	20	10	10
Tamil	0	0	0	10	10	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	20	10	10
East and Southeast Asian origins	40	20	25	3,000	1,350	1,655
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Chinese	10	0	10	545	220	325
Filipino	0	0	0	2,155	955	1,195
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Japanese	0	0	0	50	35	15
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	220	110	110
Laotian	0	10	10	35	20	20
Malaysian	0	0	0	15	0	15
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Thai	0	0	0	25	10	10
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	25	10	10	40	15	20
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	40	20	25
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	40	20	25
Oceania origins	0	0	0	260	125	135
Australian	0	0	0	150	80	70
New Zealander	0	0	0	35	15	20
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	75	35	45
Fijian	0	0	0	45	20	20
Hawaiian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	25	10	10
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	2,815	...	...	43,205	...	...
Owner	1,870	...	...	34,200	...	...
Renter	940	...	...	9,005	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	2,810	...	...	43,205	...	...
Condominium	135	...	...	1,670	...	...
Not condominium	2,680	...	...	41,535	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	2,810	...	...	43,205	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	40	...	...
1 bedroom	310	...	...	2,520	...	...
2 bedrooms	920	...	...	9,110	...	...
3 bedrooms	930	...	...	14,390	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	655	...	...	17,140	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	2,810	...	...	43,205	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	815	...	...	6,975	...	...
5 rooms	475	...	...	6,220	...	...
6 rooms	355	...	...	6,565	...	...
7 rooms	415	...	...	6,090	...	...
8 or more rooms	745	...	...	17,350	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	7.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	2,810	...	...	43,205	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,800	...	...	42,900	...	...
More than 1 person per room	10	...	...	305	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	2,810	...	...	43,205	...	...
Suitable	2,715	...	...	42,365	...	...
Not suitable	95	...	...	840	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	2,810	...	...	43,205	...	...
1960 or before	385	...	...	10,170	...	...
1961 to 1980	735	...	...	14,195	...	...
1981 to 1990	400	...	...	5,410	...	...
1991 to 2000	410	...	...	4,780	...	...
2001 to 2005	215	...	...	2,390	...	...
2006 to 2010	430	...	...	3,730	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	245	...	...	2,530	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	2,810	...	...	43,205	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	2,665	...	...	39,665	...	...
Major repairs needed	145	...	...	3,540	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	2,810	...	...	43,205	...	...
1 household maintainer	1,660	...	...	26,825	...	...
2 household maintainers	1,120	...	...	15,895	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	30	...	...	485	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	2,810	...	...	43,205	...	...
15 to 24 years	80	...	...	1,590	...	...
25 to 34 years	610	...	...	5,960	...	...
35 to 44 years	525	...	...	6,720	...	...
45 to 54 years	615	...	...	8,020	...	...
55 to 64 years	515	...	...	9,105	...	...
65 to 74 years	290	...	...	6,700	...	...
75 to 84 years	130	...	...	3,710	...	...
85 years and over	55	...	...	1,400	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	2,810	...	...	38,490	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	2,240	...	...	31,530	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	570	...	...	6,960	...	...
30% to less than 100%	520	...	...	6,150	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,870	...	...	29,880	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	79.1	...	...	55.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	14.7	...	...	13.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,166	...	...	932	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,154	...	...	1,133	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	219,698	...	...	259,964	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	231,312	...	...	298,831	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	940	...	...	8,795	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	17.5	...	...	12.5	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	30.7	...	...	33.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	727	...	...	951	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	742	...	...	1,002	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	5,515	2,710	2,810	84,160	42,245	41,920
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,570	765	800	17,960	9,915	8,050
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	1,190	580	610	26,110	12,885	13,225
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,750	1,360	1,395	40,085	19,440	20,640
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,325	860	465	11,580	9,060	2,515
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	970	525	445	3,235	1,885	1,350
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	355	335	20	8,345	7,175	1,170
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	820	275	545	17,275	6,170	11,110
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	135	45	90	2,030	585	1,445
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	475	180	300	9,205	3,630	5,575
Bachelor's degree	370	130	245	7,305	2,620	4,680
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	25	15	15	495	220	270
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	15	10	10	255	145	110
Master's degree	50	20	30	940	505	435
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	10	10	10	215	140	80
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	3,890	1,960	1,930	54,725	27,430	27,290
No certificate, diploma or degree	800	435	370	7,270	4,310	2,960
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	780	375	405	17,335	8,600	8,740
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,305	1,145	1,155	30,120	14,530	15,590
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,130	740	390	8,365	6,635	1,735
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	815	445	375	2,180	1,325	850
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	315	295	20	6,190	5,305	880
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	645	225	420	13,285	4,735	8,550
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	120	35	85	1,280	435	845
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	410	145	265	7,180	2,725	4,465
Bachelor's degree	325	105	225	5,755	1,990	3,765
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	20	10	15	355	165	190
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	15	10	0	205	105	100
Master's degree	45	20	25	715	370	345
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	10	0	160	95	60
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	5,515	2,705	2,805	84,160	42,240	41,915
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	2,765	1,350	1,415	44,070	22,800	21,275
Education	160	30	130	3,345	790	2,555
13. Education	160	30	125	3,350	785	2,560
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	85	35	50	745	330	415
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	15	0	190	125	70
50. Visual and performing arts	75	20	50	555	210	345
Humanities	115	25	95	1,435	675	760
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	10	40	0	35
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	155	50	110
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	80	20	60	235	90	145
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	115	50	60
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	0	10	740	405	335
54. History	10	0	0	135	70	65
55. French language and literature/letters	15	0	15	15	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	260	45	215	2,355	455	1,900
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	35	10	30
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	20	10	20	150	55	90
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	110	10	110	850	30	825
22. Legal professions and studies	45	10	35	420	80	345
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	15	10	0	65	15	50
42. Psychology	30	10	25	380	70	315
45. Social sciences	35	10	20	455	205	255
Business, management and public administration	490	135	355	5,990	1,420	4,570
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	20	0	20
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	0	360	60	300
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	475	135	345	5,610	1,360	4,250
Physical and life sciences and technologies	60	20	35	860	415	440
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0	0	375	150	230
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	175	95	75
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	20	0	15	0	0	10
40. Physical sciences	20	15	0	195	130	65
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10	110	45	70
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	85	65	20	650	365	280
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	70	60	10	525	310	220
25. Library science	10	0	0	45	0	45
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	10	0	75	55	20
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	775	745	35	11,745	11,095	655
04. Architecture and related services	25	20	0	85	50	35
14. Engineering	40	35	10	550	480	70
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	115	100	10	1,895	1,655	235
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	250	250	0	3,080	3,000	80
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	210	200	10	4,185	4,040	150
48. Precision production	140	135	10	1,950	1,865	85
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	30	20	10	2,565	1,770	795
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	25	20	10	2,060	1,425	635
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	0	0	505	340	165
Health and related fields	365	70	290	7,485	910	6,580
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	35	10	30	405	170	230
51. Health professions and related programs	315	60	255	7,060	720	6,340
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	10	10	25	20	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	335	170	170	2,905	1,225	1,675
12. Personal and culinary services	170	30	140	1,865	340	1,520
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	15	15	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	20	15	0
43. Security and protective services	55	40	15	400	280	120
49. Transportation and materials moving	110	100	10	610	575	30
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	3,890	1,960	1,930	54,725	27,430	27,290
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	1,585	810	775	24,605	12,910	11,700
Education	140	30	110	2,235	455	1,775
13. Education	140	25	110	2,230	450	1,775
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	85	35	50	530	230	300
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	15	0	115	65	45
50. Visual and performing arts	65	20	45	415	165	250
Humanities	55	0	50	1,025	505	520
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	30	0	25
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	105	35	70
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	35	10	30	190	85	105
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	95	35	55
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	485	280	205
54. History	0	0	10	110	60	50
55. French language and literature/letters	10	0	10	20	0	15
Social and behavioural sciences and law	205	25	170	1,965	400	1,570
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	35	0	30
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	20	10	15	110	45	70
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	90	0	85	695	30	665
22. Legal professions and studies	35	10	30	350	50	300
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	45	15	35
42. Psychology	25	10	20	305	65	245
45. Social sciences	35	15	25	420	190	230
Business, management and public administration	445	125	315	4,665	1,110	3,555
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	20	0	20
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	10	10	285	35	250
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	430	120	310	4,360	1,075	3,285
Physical and life sciences and technologies	30	15	10	640	295	345
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0	0	285	105	175
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	135	65	75
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	15	15	10	150	90	55
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	10	0	75	40	35
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	65	40	20	555	315	240
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	50	35	15	465	280	190
25. Library science	10	0	10	40	10	40
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	50	35	15
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	665	640	25	8,835	8,320	510
04. Architecture and related services	20	15	0	50	35	20
14. Engineering	25	25	10	465	410	55
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	85	80	10	1,505	1,305	205
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	215	210	0	2,195	2,135	60
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	185	185	0	3,105	2,990	110
48. Precision production	130	130	10	1,510	1,450	60
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	30	20	10	1,960	1,260	695
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	25	15	10	1,520	970	550
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	0	0	435	290	150
Health and related fields	315	65	255	5,520	690	4,825
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	40	10	25	300	115	185
51. Health professions and related programs	270	50	225	5,200	555	4,645
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	10	10	15	15	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	290	145	140	2,190	940	1,245
12. Personal and culinary services	145	25	125	1,365	240	1,130
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	15	20	0
43. Security and protective services	45	35	10	300	205	100
49. Transportation and materials moving	95	85	10	495	480	20
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	5,515	2,710	2,805	84,160	42,240	41,920
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,765	1,350	1,410	44,075	22,795	21,280
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	2,755	1,355	1,395	40,085	19,440	20,645
Location of study inside Canada	2,715	1,335	1,380	37,060	18,040	19,020
Same as province or territory of residence	2,700	1,325	1,375	30,795	15,200	15,595
Different than province or territory of residence	15	15	10	6,265	2,840	3,430
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	35	20	15	3,020	1,400	1,625
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	620	305	315
Philippines	0	0	0	960	345	610
India	0	0	0	145	85	55
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	320	170	150
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	20	0	15
France	15	10	10	15	10	15
Other	15	10	10	940	475	470
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	3,890	1,955	1,935	54,725	27,430	27,290
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,585	810	775	24,605	12,905	11,700
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	2,305	1,150	1,160	30,115	14,525	15,590
Location of study inside Canada	2,275	1,130	1,145	27,715	13,410	14,305
Same as province or territory of residence	2,260	1,120	1,140	23,155	11,350	11,800
Different than province or territory of residence	15	10	0	4,560	2,060	2,500
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	30	15	15	2,400	1,120	1,285
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	390	205	180
Philippines	0	0	0	900	325	570
India	0	0	0	135	80	55
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	205	115	90
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	25	10	10
France	10	0	10	20	10	15
Other	20	10	10	735	370	365
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	5,515	2,710	2,805	84,160	42,240	41,920
In the labour force	3,755	1,990	1,765	58,925	32,115	26,815
Employed	3,540	1,845	1,700	54,395	29,040	25,350
Unemployed	215	150	60	4,535	3,070	1,460
Not in the labour force	1,760	715	1,045	25,235	10,130	15,105
Participation rate	68.1	73.4	62.9	70.0	76.0	64.0
Employment rate	64.2	68.1	60.6	64.6	68.8	60.5
Unemployment rate	5.7	7.5	3.4	7.7	9.6	5.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	5,515	2,705	2,810	84,160	42,245	41,915
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	1,650	695	950	21,485	8,450	13,035
Worked	3,870	2,010	1,855	62,675	33,790	28,885
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	1,785	1,000	785	30,580	18,695	11,885
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	2,085	1,010	1,075	32,100	15,100	17,000
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.1	42.9	43.4	42.7	43.5	41.7
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	3,750	1,990	1,765	58,925	32,115	26,815
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	75	40	35	555	265	285
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	3,680	1,950	1,730	58,370	31,850	26,525
Employee	3,270	1,675	1,590	45,735	23,620	22,120
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	410	275	135	12,635	8,230	4,400
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	3,750	1,990	1,765	58,925	32,115	26,810
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	75	40	35	555	270	290
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	3,680	1,950	1,725	58,370	31,850	26,520
0 Management occupations	330	210	125	9,625	6,475	3,150
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	460	105	360	7,315	1,205	6,110
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	160	130	35	1,900	1,460	440
3 Health occupations	240	50	190	4,005	490	3,515
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	425	75	350	4,835	1,480	3,355
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	70	25	45	880	300	575
6 Sales and service occupations	765	260	505	10,980	3,720	7,260
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	945	895	50	11,935	11,080	860
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	35	35	0	4,525	3,580	940
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	245	170	70	2,380	2,050	325
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	3,755	1,990	1,765	58,925	32,115	26,810
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	75	45	30	555	265	290
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	3,680	1,950	1,730	58,375	31,850	26,525
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	15	20	0	7,945	5,490	2,460
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	10	0	4,545	3,945	600
22 Utilities	30	25	0	775	605	170
23 Construction	485	435	45	5,740	4,950	790
31-33 Manufacturing	430	300	125	2,540	1,945	590
41 Wholesale trade	160	115	50	1,710	1,230	480
44-45 Retail trade	500	185	315	6,300	2,655	3,650
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	225	160	65	2,380	1,700	680
51 Information and cultural industries	55	35	20	465	200	260
52 Finance and insurance	60	15	45	1,325	230	1,095
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	50	25	25	535	275	260
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	185	85	105	2,070	975	1,100
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	35	10	20
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	125	65	55	1,745	1,000	740
61 Educational services	225	55	175	3,175	785	2,385
62 Health care and social assistance	520	85	435	6,595	755	5,840
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	70	55	15	955	445	515
72 Accommodation and food services	180	50	130	3,180	1,115	2,065
81 Other services (except public administration)	195	130	60	3,000	1,630	1,370
91 Public administration	160	105	60	3,360	1,910	1,445
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	3,545	1,845	1,700	54,390	29,045	25,350
Worked at home	115	60	55	8,880	5,030	3,845
Worked outside Canada	10	0	10	75	70	10
No fixed workplace address	535	395	145	8,415	6,905	1,510
Worked at usual place	2,885	1,385	1,500	37,020	17,035	19,990
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	2,885	1,385	1,500	37,025	17,030	19,990
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	255	75	185	19,330	8,290	11,035
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	875	365	510	12,235	5,550	6,685
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,745	945	800	5,195	3,010	2,180
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	10	270	180	90
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	3,415	1,780	1,640	45,435	23,935	21,495
Car, truck, van - as a driver	3,120	1,675	1,440	39,180	21,010	18,165
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	110	45	60	2,005	970	1,030
Public transit	55	30	20	200	125	75
Walked	105	15	90	3,170	1,315	1,860
Bicycle	0	0	0	335	215	125
Other method	35	15	20	550	305	245
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	3,420	1,780	1,640	45,440	23,940	21,500
Less than 15 minutes	580	275	300	23,440	10,840	12,595
15 to 29 minutes	1,055	425	635	10,215	5,345	4,870
30 to 44 minutes	865	480	380	5,465	3,325	2,145
45 to 59 minutes	410	275	135	2,745	1,695	1,045
60 minutes and over	505	320	185	3,570	2,730	835
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	3,420	1,780	1,640	45,440	23,940	21,500
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	560	460	95	3,405	2,510	895
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	705	410	295	9,500	6,405	3,100
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	710	280	430	13,215	7,580	5,635
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	550	165	385	9,810	3,485	6,320
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	320	110	210	3,765	1,270	2,490
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	580	350	230	5,750	2,695	3,055
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	3,960	2,065	1,900	64,210	34,445	29,770
Single responses	3,860	1,995	1,865	64,105	34,380	29,730
Official languages	3,860	1,995	1,870	64,020	34,325	29,695
English	65	40	25	63,935	34,295	29,640
French	3,795	1,955	1,840	85	25	55
Non-official languages	0	0	0	85	50	35
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	85	55	35
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	35	25	15
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Afrikaans	0	0	0	10	0	10
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	30	15	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	10	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	15	10	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	30	25	15
Chinese languages	0	0	0	30	20	10
Cantonese	0	0	0	25	20	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	105	70	35	100	65	40
English and French	105	70	30	10	10	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	85	50	35
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	10	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	3,965	2,065	1,900	64,210	34,440	29,770
None	3,315	1,690	1,625	63,380	34,000	29,375
English	590	340	245	65	35	35
French	35	25	15	390	205	185
Non-official language	15	0	10	360	195	165
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	20	10	10	365	200	165
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	10	10	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	6,950	3,450	3,500	102,075	51,430	50,645
Non-movers	6,150	3,070	3,080	90,115	45,595	44,520
Movers	805	380	420	11,960	5,840	6,125
Non-migrants	335	170	170	5,810	2,810	3,000
Migrants	470	215	255	6,150	3,030	3,125
Internal migrants	470	215	255	5,710	2,820	2,890
Intraprovincial migrants	445	205	245	4,820	2,410	2,405
Interprovincial migrants	20	10	10	890	415	480
External migrants	0	0	0	445	205	235
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	6,515	3,225	3,290	97,235	48,865	48,370
Non-movers	3,935	1,975	1,960	63,160	31,980	31,180
Movers	2,580	1,245	1,330	34,075	16,885	17,185
Non-migrants	1,240	580	660	13,845	7,005	6,845
Migrants	1,340	670	675	20,230	9,885	10,340
Internal migrants	1,325	670	660	18,210	8,915	9,290
Intraprovincial migrants	1,325	670	660	13,885	6,860	7,020
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	4,330	2,055	2,270
External migrants	15	0	15	2,020	965	1,050

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. L'Épiphanie [Population centre], Quebec and Battle River--Crowfoot [Federal electoral district], Alberta (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 5, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
L'Épiphanie [Population centre], Quebec and Battle River--Crowfoot [Federal electoral district], Alberta

Census Profile, 2016 Census L'Épiphanie [Population centre], Quebec and Battle River--Crowfoot [Federal electoral district], Alberta

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
L'Épiphanie [Population centre], Quebec and Battle River--Crowfoot [Federal electoral district], Alberta