Census Profile, 2016 Census
L'Orignal [Population centre], Ontario and Nanaimo--Ladysmith [Federal electoral district], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	L'Orignal Ontario [Population centre]			Nanaimo--Ladysmith British Columbia [Federal electoral district]
	Data quality , L'Orignal [Population centre], Ontario Map : L'Orignal [Population centre], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Nanaimo--Ladysmith [Federal electoral district], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	1,450	...	...	122,710	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	1,403 ^r	...	...	114,998	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	3.3	...	...	6.7	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	651	...	...	56,149	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	617	...	...	52,963	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	534.8	...	...	71.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	2.71	...	...	1,728.28	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	1,450	710	740	122,710	59,555	63,150
0 to 14 years	215	120	95	17,355	8,855	8,505
0 to 4 years	50	25	25	5,480	2,785	2,690
5 to 9 years	70	45	25	6,115	3,145	2,970
10 to 14 years	90	45	45	5,765	2,920	2,840
15 to 64 years	870	435	440	77,155	37,430	39,725
15 to 19 years	75	40	35	6,295	3,230	3,055
20 to 24 years	60	30	30	6,805	3,440	3,365
25 to 29 years	65	30	35	6,785	3,410	3,375
30 to 34 years	65	30	30	7,100	3,445	3,655
35 to 39 years	70	30	40	6,625	3,230	3,395
40 to 44 years	100	50	50	6,855	3,330	3,525
45 to 49 years	95	50	45	7,665	3,625	4,040
50 to 54 years	130	60	65	8,845	4,215	4,625
55 to 59 years	125	65	60	9,965	4,710	5,255
60 to 64 years	95	45	50	10,215	4,790	5,425
65 years and over	365	160	205	28,200	13,275	14,925
65 to 69 years	105	50	60	9,470	4,545	4,925
70 to 74 years	90	45	50	6,870	3,390	3,480
75 to 79 years	65	35	30	4,780	2,320	2,455
80 to 84 years	35	10	25	3,370	1,600	1,765
85 years and over	65	20	45	3,715	1,410	2,300
85 to 89 years	35	15	20	2,315	990	1,325
90 to 94 years	20	5	15	1,070	350	720
95 to 99 years	5	0	5	290	75	220
100 years and over	0	0	0	45	10	35
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.8	16.9	12.8	14.1	14.9	13.5
15 to 64 years	60.0	61.3	59.5	62.9	62.8	62.9
65 years and over	25.2	22.5	27.7	23.0	22.3	23.6
85 years and over	4.5	2.8	6.1	3.0	2.4	3.6
Average age of the population	46.1	44.3	47.9	44.9	44.0	45.7
Median age of the population	49.3	47.9	50.6	47.3	46.2	48.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	620	...	...	52,965	...	...
Single-detached house	395	...	...	32,800	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	1,245	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	220	...	...	17,300	...	...
Semi-detached house	35	...	...	2,215	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	2,140	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	30	...	...	5,165	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	155	...	...	7,660	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	120	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	0	...	...	1,620	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	615	...	...	52,960	...	...
1 person	190	...	...	15,580	...	...
2 persons	235	...	...	21,370	...	...
3 persons	75	...	...	7,365	...	...
4 persons	85	...	...	5,665	...	...
5 or more persons	35	...	...	2,985	...	...
Number of persons in private households	1,390	...	...	119,530	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	1,235	595	640	105,355	50,705	54,650
Married or living common law	765	375	385	61,310	30,580	30,730
Married	545	270	275	49,095	24,500	24,595
Living common law	220	105	110	12,215	6,080	6,135
Not married and not living common law	470	215	255	44,040	20,125	23,915
Never married	265	150	115	25,280	13,805	11,475
Separated	35	20	15	3,200	1,370	1,835
Divorced	70	30	35	8,785	3,435	5,345
Widowed	105	15	90	6,780	1,515	5,265
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	425	...	...	35,695	...	...
2 persons	245	...	...	22,020	...	...
3 persons	75	...	...	6,705	...	...
4 persons	80	...	...	5,140	...	...
5 or more persons	30	...	...	1,830	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	425	...	...	35,695	...	...
Total couple families	370	...	...	29,875	...	...
Married couples	265	...	...	23,770	...	...
Common-law couples	110	...	...	6,110	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	50	...	...	5,820	...	...
Female parent	45	...	...	4,470	...	...
Male parent	10	...	...	1,345	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	370	...	...	29,875	...	...
Couples without children	220	...	...	18,345	...	...
Couples with children	150	...	...	11,525	...	...
1 child	50	...	...	5,065	...	...
2 children	75	...	...	4,765	...	...
3 or more children	30	...	...	1,700	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	55	...	...	5,820	...	...
1 child	25	...	...	3,675	...	...
2 children	20	...	...	1,640	...	...
3 or more children	5	...	...	505	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	220	110	115	25,150	11,855	13,295
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	620	...	...	52,965	...	...
One-census-family households	410	...	...	33,890	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	210	...	...	17,515	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	200	...	...	16,370	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	5	...	...	885	...	...
Non-census-family households	200	...	...	18,190	...	...
One-person households	190	...	...	15,580	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	5	...	...	2,605	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	1,390	695	695	120,800	58,865	61,940
English only	115	60	50	112,280	55,130	57,155
French only	235	105	130	15	10	10
English and French	1,040	530	515	7,930	3,490	4,440
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	570	240	335
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	1,390	695	695	120,800	58,865	61,940
English	310	170	140	118,625	57,840	60,785
French	1,060	515	550	1,435	715	725
English and French	20	10	15	190	90	105
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	550	225	330
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	1,070	520	550	1,530	755	775
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	77.0	74.8	79.1	1.3	1.3	1.3
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	1,395	695	695	120,800	58,865	61,940
Single responses	1,365	685	675	119,555	58,285	61,275
Official languages	1,325	665	655	108,095	52,900	55,195
English	270	155	115	106,515	52,125	54,395
French	1,055	510	545	1,580	775	805
Non-official languages	40	15	20	11,455	5,385	6,075
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	215	95	120
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	10	5	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	5	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	5
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	5	5	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	5
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	5
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	0	0	5	5	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	5	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	120	60	60
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	95	45	45
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	5	0	5
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	15	10
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	5	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	35	15	25
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	15	10	5
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	15	5	10
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	5	10
Non-Aboriginal languages	35	20	20	11,240	5,285	5,950
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	350	245	110
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	5	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Semitic languages	5	0	0	340	235	105
Amharic	0	0	0	10	5	0
Arabic	5	0	5	295	210	85
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	25	20	10
Maltese	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	505	240	260
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	90	50	45
Vietnamese	0	0	0	410	195	215
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	0	5	690	245	440
Bikol	0	0	0	5	0	5
Cebuano	0	0	0	20	5	20
Fijian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	15	5	10
Ilocano	0	0	0	30	10	20
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	25	10	15
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	5	550	200	355
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	5	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	15	10
Creole languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	5	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	30	20	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	15	15	5
Tamil	0	0	0	10	5	5
Telugu	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	30	15	15	6,495	3,120	3,380
Albanian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Armenian	0	0	0	10	10	5
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	5	1,165	540	625
Baltic languages	0	0	0	30	10	15
Latvian	0	0	0	15	10	5
Lithuanian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Slavic languages	5	0	5	1,140	530	610
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	15	10	5
Croatian	5	0	0	160	90	70
Czech	0	0	0	120	55	65
Macedonian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Polish	0	0	0	265	125	150
Russian	0	0	0	215	90	120
Serbian	0	0	0	50	20	25
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	20	5	10
Slovak	0	0	0	55	25	30
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Ukrainian	0	0	0	190	80	110
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	15
Celtic languages	0	0	0	25	15	15
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	15	5	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Germanic languages	15	5	10	2,850	1,345	1,510
Afrikaans	0	0	0	95	50	45
Danish	0	0	0	250	125	130
Dutch	0	0	5	700	340	360
Frisian	0	0	0	10	5	5
German	10	5	5	1,545	695	850
Icelandic	0	0	0	10	10	5
Norwegian	0	0	0	100	50	55
Swedish	0	0	0	90	45	45
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	25	15	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	95	55	35
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	1,320	665	655
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	1,170	595	580
Bengali	0	0	0	25	10	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	40	20	20
Hindi	0	0	0	130	70	60
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	5	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	910	460	455
Sindhi	0	0	0	5	5	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	40	20	20
Iranian languages	0	0	0	150	75	75
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	145	70	75
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	10	5	1,020	485	540
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	5	0	275	145	130
Portuguese	0	0	0	150	70	80
Romanian	0	0	0	55	25	30
Spanish	5	0	5	540	245	295
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	315	110	205
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	430	180	250
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	90	40	45
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	5	0
Ewe	0	0	0	5	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	5	0	5
Igbo	0	0	0	5	5	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Shona	0	0	0	0	5	0
Swahili	0	0	0	5	5	5
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	15	5	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	15
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	1,845	855	995
Chinese languages	0	0	0	1,845	850	995
Cantonese	0	0	0	460	210	250
Hakka	0	0	0	5	0	5
Mandarin	0	0	0	1,215	560	655
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	35	10	25
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	110	60	45
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	80	15	65
Lao	0	0	0	5	0	5
Thai	0	0	0	75	10	65
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	35	20	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	25	15	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	5	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	340	175	170
Estonian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Finnish	0	0	0	115	60	60
Hungarian	0	0	0	210	110	100
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	5
Multiple responses	30	10	20	1,250	580	665
English and French	30	10	20	305	140	165
English and non-official language	0	5	5	890	420	470
French and non-official language	5	0	0	30	15	15
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	25	10	15
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	1,395	695	695	120,805	58,865	61,940
Single responses	1,360	680	680	118,755	57,920	60,835
Official languages	1,345	675	675	114,630	55,910	58,715
English	330	180	155	114,300	55,755	58,545
French	1,015	495	520	325	155	175
Non-official languages	10	10	5	4,125	2,010	2,115
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	10	10	5
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	15	5	5
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	15	5	5	4,115	2,005	2,110
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	195	115	75
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Semitic languages	0	0	0	185	115	75
Amharic	0	0	0	5	5	0
Arabic	5	5	0	175	105	65
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	10	5
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	335	165	170
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	65	30	30
Vietnamese	0	0	0	270	130	135
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	185	85	100
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	5
Ilocano	0	0	0	5	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	165	70	90
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	10
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0	5	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	5	5	1,625	795	835
Albanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	305	145	160
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	305	145	160
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Croatian	0	0	0	40	15	25
Czech	0	0	0	40	20	20
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Polish	0	0	0	50	20	30
Russian	0	0	0	125	60	65
Serbian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Slovak	0	0	0	5	0	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Ukrainian	0	0	0	10	0	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	0	5	270	135	135
Afrikaans	0	0	0	35	20	20
Danish	0	0	0	15	5	5
Dutch	5	5	0	70	35	35
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	140	65	70
Icelandic	0	0	0	5	5	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	30	15	15
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	735	360	370
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	650	325	325
Bengali	0	0	0	15	10	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	15	5	5
Hindi	0	0	0	45	30	20
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	5	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	550	275	280
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Urdu	0	0	0	20	10	15
Iranian languages	0	0	0	80	35	50
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	80	35	45
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	5	0	0	285	140	140
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	40	20	20
Portuguese	0	0	0	40	20	25
Romanian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Spanish	5	0	0	185	100	90
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	140	65	75
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	295	135	150
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Ga	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	5	0	25	10	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	15	10	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	1,210	575	635
Chinese languages	0	0	0	1,210	575	635
Cantonese	0	0	0	225	110	110
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	890	415	475
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	75	45	35
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	5	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	0	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	55	30	30
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	15	10	5
Hungarian	0	0	0	40	20	20
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Multiple responses	30	15	20	2,045	945	1,105
English and French	30	10	15	140	65	80
English and non-official language	0	0	0	1,860	865	995
French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language	5	0	0	35	15	20
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	1,390	695	695	120,805	58,865	61,935
None	1,035	510	525	113,580	55,565	58,015
English	230	115	115	1,845	890	950
French	105	55	50	1,280	550	730
Non-official language	20	10	10	3,985	1,800	2,180
Aboriginal	0	0	0	250	110	135
Non-Aboriginal	20	10	10	3,735	1,690	2,040
English and French	0	0	0	15	10	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	55	30	25
French and non-official language	0	5	0	50	15	35
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	1,175	575	600	102,210	49,380	52,830
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,145	560	590	98,935	47,760	51,175
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,169	43,264	29,696	32,204	39,035	27,252
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,145	555	590	99,040	47,845	51,195
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,320	38,827	27,104	29,179	34,347	25,428
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,000	500	500	88,840	43,535	45,310
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,968	42,432	28,693	28,987	35,869	23,589
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	840	370	470	73,825	32,885	40,940
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,469	9,824	7,824	7,683	8,252	7,309
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	815	430	385	70,125	35,320	34,795
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,347	37,888	30,272	27,636	33,386	23,531
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	1,205	575	630	102,205	49,315	52,885
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,170	555	610	98,920	47,685	51,230
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	49,140	55,335	43,498	41,133	48,846	33,954
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,175	560	615	99,000	47,760	51,245
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,468	45,192	36,166	35,149	40,710	29,966
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,000	480	520	88,805	43,470	45,335
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	49,635	56,289	43,475	38,778	47,070	30,827
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	875	385	485	73,580	32,795	40,780
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,094	9,938	8,425	8,495	8,631	8,386
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	805	405	395	70,080	35,205	34,875
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,702	45,424	45,982	37,164	44,318	29,944
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	1,205	575	625	102,200	49,315	52,890
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	395	200	195	27,465	15,365	12,095
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	52,655	60,214	42,492	49,579	56,178	44,592
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	65,692	66,644	64,707	56,255	62,137	48,784
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	85.8	88.8	82.7	84.7	87.8	80.6
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	64.6	65.9	63.7	63.8	67.1	59.4
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	14.0	11.3	17.6	15.3	12.2	19.4
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	1,175	575	600	102,210	49,380	52,830
Without total income	30	20	10	3,275	1,615	1,660
With total income	1,145	560	585	98,935	47,760	51,170
Percentage with total income	97.4	97.4	97.5	96.8	96.7	96.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	120	45	75	13,335	5,720	7,615
$10,000 to $19,999	220	85	135	18,370	7,070	11,300
$20,000 to $29,999	150	65	90	14,855	6,020	8,835
$30,000 to $39,999	130	60	75	12,515	5,595	6,915
$40,000 to $49,999	110	60	55	10,350	4,880	5,470
$50,000 to $59,999	100	55	45	7,810	4,085	3,725
$60,000 to $69,999	70	40	35	5,825	3,575	2,250
$70,000 to $79,999	60	35	25	4,360	2,725	1,635
$80,000 to $89,999	50	35	15	3,250	2,035	1,220
$90,000 to $99,999	35	25	15	2,395	1,565	830
$100,000 and over	90	55	35	5,870	4,490	1,380
$100,000 to $149,999	70	40	30	4,380	3,300	1,085
$150,000 and over	25	20	5	1,490	1,190	295
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	1,175	575	600	102,210	49,380	52,830
Without after-tax income	30	15	10	3,170	1,535	1,635
With after-tax income	1,145	555	585	99,040	47,840	51,195
Percentage with after-tax income	97.4	96.5	97.5	96.9	96.9	96.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	130	50	80	13,995	6,050	7,945
$10,000 to $19,999	225	85	135	19,360	7,585	11,770
$20,000 to $29,999	180	75	105	17,425	7,300	10,125
$30,000 to $39,999	150	80	70	14,430	6,565	7,865
$40,000 to $49,999	145	75	70	11,020	5,510	5,510
$50,000 to $59,999	90	55	35	7,560	4,515	3,045
$60,000 to $69,999	70	45	25	5,320	3,345	1,970
$70,000 to $79,999	60	40	15	3,750	2,340	1,410
$80,000 and over	95	50	40	6,180	4,630	1,555
$80,000 to $89,999	35	10	25	2,270	1,615	650
$90,000 to $99,999	15	10	5	1,265	945	320
$100,000 and over	40	30	10	2,645	2,070	580
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	1,175	575	600	102,210	49,380	52,830
Without employment income	355	150	205	32,090	14,055	18,030
With employment income	815	425	390	70,125	35,320	34,795
Percentage with employment income	69.4	73.9	65.0	68.6	71.5	65.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	130	70	60	13,295	6,455	6,835
$5,000 to $9,999	65	30	35	5,575	2,405	3,165
$10,000 to $19,999	80	35	45	9,940	4,200	5,740
$20,000 to $29,999	90	40	50	8,130	3,515	4,615
$30,000 to $39,999	95	45	45	7,165	3,020	4,145
$40,000 to $49,999	70	35	35	6,135	2,800	3,335
$50,000 to $59,999	60	30	30	4,905	2,595	2,310
$60,000 to $69,999	50	30	20	3,765	2,345	1,420
$70,000 to $79,999	35	25	10	2,980	1,855	1,125
$80,000 and over	130	80	45	8,240	6,140	2,105
$80,000 to $89,999	40	30	15	2,355	1,520	835
$90,000 to $99,999	30	15	15	1,765	1,195	570
$100,000 and over	60	40	20	4,125	3,425	695
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	615	...	...	52,965	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	66,816	...	...	62,804	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	57,728	...	...	55,871	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	190	...	...	15,580	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,728	...	...	32,375	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,328	...	...	29,155	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	425	...	...	37,385	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	87,040	...	...	79,759	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	75,776	...	...	70,211	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	640	...	...	52,950	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	90,307	...	...	76,845	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	74,371	...	...	65,720	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	175	...	...	15,570	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	53,157	...	...	40,912	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	42,721	...	...	35,063	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	465	...	...	37,380	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	104,347	...	...	91,811	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	86,333	...	...	78,488	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	615	...	...	52,965	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	910	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	730	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	25	...	...	1,780	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	35	...	...	2,420	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	25	...	...	2,600	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	15	...	...	2,250	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	40	...	...	2,580	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	25	...	...	2,585	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	25	...	...	2,610	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	25	...	...	2,360	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	45	...	...	4,520	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	40	...	...	3,975	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	25	...	...	3,565	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	45	...	...	3,225	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	30	...	...	2,805	...	...
$100,000 and over	195	...	...	14,050	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	55	...	...	5,400	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	40	...	...	3,350	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	50	...	...	3,300	...	...
$200,000 and over	45	...	...	1,995	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	615	...	...	52,965	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	965	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	730	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	25	...	...	1,815	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	30	...	...	2,495	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	30	...	...	2,975	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	30	...	...	2,770	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	40	...	...	3,035	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	35	...	...	3,075	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	25	...	...	2,970	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	35	...	...	2,705	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	50	...	...	4,990	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	30	...	...	4,475	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	60	...	...	3,950	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	30	...	...	3,410	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	25	...	...	2,735	...	...
$100,000 and over	145	...	...	9,875	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	55	...	...	4,630	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	40	...	...	2,510	...	...
$150,000 and over	55	...	...	2,730	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	420	...	...	35,335	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	89,728	...	...	79,820	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,928	...	...	70,135	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	205	...	...	17,190	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	80,896	...	...	75,793	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	71,168	...	...	66,714	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	155	...	...	11,660	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	120,192	...	...	106,545	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	102,656	...	...	91,932	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	50	...	...	5,430	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,512	...	...	45,650	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,632	...	...	42,328	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	455	...	...	35,300	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	103,429	...	...	91,753	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	85,739	...	...	78,285	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	220	...	...	17,160	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	102,723	...	...	86,697	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	83,970	...	...	73,763	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	170	...	...	11,770	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	121,205	...	...	114,950	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	100,559	...	...	97,524	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	65	...	...	5,375	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,621	...	...	55,599	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,020	...	...	49,332	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	215	105	110	22,575	10,750	11,825
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	29,696	35,456	23,104	28,292	29,773	27,386
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	27,051	31,680	22,336	26,077	26,917	25,513
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	195	90	105	22,565	10,690	11,875
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	54,157	82,212	30,627	36,780	39,368	34,450
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	43,264	62,779	26,896	31,743	33,309	30,333
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	1,390	695	695	119,530	58,220	61,315
In the bottom half of the distribution	675	330	350	64,925	30,715	34,215
In the bottom decile	100	50	50	15,080	7,190	7,885
In the second decile	185	85	105	13,465	6,095	7,365
In the third decile	115	60	55	12,245	5,760	6,490
In the fourth decile	125	65	65	12,255	5,915	6,340
In the fifth decile	140	70	75	11,880	5,750	6,125
In the top half of the distribution	715	370	350	54,605	27,505	27,100
In the sixth decile	105	45	60	11,650	5,750	5,900
In the seventh decile	155	80	75	11,785	5,890	5,890
In the eighth decile	125	70	55	11,710	5,865	5,850
In the ninth decile	165	85	75	10,985	5,595	5,395
In the top decile	160	85	75	8,475	4,405	4,070
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	1,385	695	695	117,765	57,310	60,455
0 to 17 years	260	145	115	20,365	10,410	9,960
0 to 5 years	65	35	30	6,495	3,300	3,190
18 to 64 years	820	405	415	71,550	34,430	37,120
65 years and over	310	145	160	25,850	12,470	13,380
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	195	90	100	19,185	8,860	10,325
0 to 17 years	40	25	10	4,455	2,290	2,160
0 to 5 years	10	5	5	1,500	775	725
18 to 64 years	105	50	55	11,475	5,265	6,215
65 years and over	50	20	35	3,250	1,305	1,945
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.1	12.9	14.4	16.3	15.5	17.1
0 to 17 years (%)	15.4	17.2	8.7	21.9	22.0	21.7
0 to 5 years (%)	15.4	14.3	16.7	23.1	23.5	22.7
18 to 64 years (%)	12.8	12.3	13.3	16.0	15.3	16.7
65 years and over (%)	16.1	13.8	21.9	12.6	10.5	14.5
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	65	35	25	11,015	5,375	5,645
0 to 17 years	5	5	0	2,335	1,225	1,110
0 to 5 years	0	5	0	785	425	360
18 to 64 years	55	35	25	8,110	3,895	4,215
65 years and over	5	0	0	575	255	320
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.7	5.0	3.6	9.4	9.4	9.3
0 to 17 years (%)	1.9	3.4	0.0	11.5	11.8	11.1
0 to 5 years (%)	0.0	14.3	0.0	12.1	12.9	11.3
18 to 64 years (%)	6.7	8.6	6.0	11.3	11.3	11.4
65 years and over (%)	1.6	0.0	0.0	2.2	2.0	2.4
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	1,455	700	750	119,490	58,100	61,395
Official languages	1,455	700	750	118,945	57,865	61,080
English	1,230	590	635	118,920	57,855	61,070
French	1,330	650	680	7,750	3,420	4,335
Non-official languages	90	50	40	15,630	7,265	8,365
Aboriginal languages	0	0	10	485	250	240
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	50	35	15
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	25	10	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	0	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	30	20	10
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	25	20	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	15	10	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Iroquoian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	10
Salish languages	0	0	0	305	160	145
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	285	145	135
Lillooet	0	0	0	10	10	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	10	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	90	40	55
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	40	25	15
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	50	20	35
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	85	50	35	15,150	7,015	8,135
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	400	265	135
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	390	265	125
Amharic	0	0	0	10	0	10
Arabic	10	10	0	335	250	85
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	40	10	30
Maltese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	10
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	535	275	265
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	100	65	35
Vietnamese	0	0	0	440	205	230
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	960	325	640
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	110	45	60
Fijian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	15	0	15
Ilocano	0	0	0	50	25	25
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	70	20	50
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	845	275	575
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Creole languages	0	0	10	25	15	15
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	0	10	10	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	45	20	30
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	10
Malayalam	0	0	0	20	10	10
Tamil	0	0	0	20	0	10
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Indo-European languages	60	25	35	9,630	4,525	5,105
Albanian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Armenian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	0	1,245	585	665
Baltic languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Latvian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slavic languages	10	0	0	1,235	575	660
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Bulgarian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Croatian	0	0	0	210	110	100
Czech	0	0	0	140	65	70
Macedonian	0	0	0	20	10	0
Polish	0	10	0	260	120	140
Russian	0	0	0	290	110	175
Serbian	0	0	0	90	30	60
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	35	30	10
Slovak	0	0	0	50	15	30
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ukrainian	0	0	0	225	90	130
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10
Celtic languages	0	0	0	60	30	20
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	20	10	10
Welsh	0	0	0	15	10	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Germanic languages	15	0	10	3,930	1,825	2,105
Afrikaans	0	0	0	230	130	105
Danish	0	0	0	275	115	165
Dutch	0	0	0	935	430	505
Frisian	0	0	0	30	15	15
German	15	10	10	2,325	1,105	1,220
Icelandic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	145	65	75
Swedish	0	0	0	150	45	100
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	35	15	15
Yiddish	0	0	0	25	15	15
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	155	85	70
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	1,675	845	835
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	1,460	720	740
Bengali	0	0	0	35	20	20
Gujarati	0	0	0	75	30	45
Hindi	0	0	0	390	180	215
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	10	10	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	20	0	15
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	1,150	595	555
Sindhi	0	0	0	10	10	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	105	60	45
Iranian languages	0	0	0	215	115	100
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	215	115	100
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Italic (Romance) languages	40	15	20	2,895	1,340	1,560
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	10	10	500	240	260
Portuguese	0	0	0	295	115	180
Romanian	0	0	0	80	50	35
Spanish	30	10	20	2,150	990	1,165
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Japanese	0	0	0	550	235	315
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	375	175	195
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	15	15	10	200	115	85
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	15	15	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ganda	0	0	0	20	0	15
Igbo	0	0	0	35	25	10
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Shona	0	0	0	10	10	0
Swahili	0	0	0	35	15	25
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	55	35	20
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	20	10	0	30	20	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	180	45	135
American Sign Language	0	0	0	90	25	65
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	95	20	70
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	2,145	1,005	1,130
Chinese languages	0	0	0	2,130	1,000	1,130
Cantonese	0	0	0	590	265	330
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	10
Mandarin	0	0	0	1,505	715	795
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	65	20	50
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	25	10	15
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	120	55	65
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Burmese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	95	25	75
Lao	0	0	0	10	0	10
Thai	0	0	0	90	20	70
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	80	40	40
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	30	10	20
Turkish	0	0	0	45	25	15
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	385	160	225
Estonian	0	0	0	20	15	0
Finnish	0	0	0	125	55	70
Hungarian	0	0	0	235	95	145
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	15	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	1,455	705	755	119,490	58,100	61,395
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	1,420	685	740	114,070	55,515	58,555
Canadian citizens aged under 18	300	160	140	20,265	10,375	9,885
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	1,125	530	595	93,805	45,140	48,665
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	30	15	15	5,425	2,585	2,840
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	1,455	700	750	119,495	58,100	61,395
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	1,360	645	715	100,565	49,170	51,395
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	90	55	40	17,440	8,095	9,345
Before 1981	35	15	15	9,525	4,545	4,980
1981 to 1990	10	15	0	1,805	795	1,015
1991 to 2000	0	0	0	1,850	830	1,015
2001 to 2010	30	20	10	2,765	1,235	1,530
2001 to 2005	0	0	0	1,220	545	680
2006 to 2010	30	20	15	1,545	690	850
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	20	10	15	1,490	685	800
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	10	10	0	1,490	835	655
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	95	55	40	17,435	8,090	9,345
Under 5 years	20	10	10	2,150	1,055	1,100
5 to 14 years	25	20	0	3,180	1,520	1,660
15 to 24 years	10	0	0	4,105	1,795	2,310
25 to 44 years	45	20	25	6,725	3,135	3,595
45 years and over	0	0	0	1,275	590	690
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	90	50	35	17,435	8,095	9,340
Americas	35	20	15	2,180	890	1,290
Brazil	0	0	0	55	15	40
Colombia	0	0	0	55	15	40
El Salvador	0	0	0	15	0	10
Guyana	0	0	0	15	10	10
Haiti	10	10	0	15	0	15
Jamaica	0	0	0	25	10	20
Mexico	15	0	10	100	35	65
Peru	0	0	0	55	20	40
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	35	15	20
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	15	10	10	1,550	660	885
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	10	260	110	155
Europe	15	10	0	9,700	4,765	4,930
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	40	15	20
Croatia	0	0	0	180	90	90
France	0	0	0	130	65	60
Germany	0	0	0	1,105	510	590
Greece	0	0	0	70	50	15
Hungary	0	0	0	175	70	105
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	125	65	65
Italy	0	0	0	170	95	75
Netherlands	0	0	0	760	360	395
Poland	0	0	0	190	115	75
Portugal	0	0	0	75	45	30
Romania	0	0	0	100	60	45
Russian Federation	0	0	0	90	30	65
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	50	30	20
Ukraine	0	0	0	60	20	40
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	10	10	5,345	2,625	2,720
Other places of birth in Europe	0	10	0	1,035	520	510
Africa	20	10	10	705	375	325
Algeria	0	0	0	10	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	25	20	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	30	20	15
Morocco	0	0	0	10	10	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	45	20	25
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	375	200	180
Other places of birth in Africa	25	10	10	190	95	95
Asia	20	10	0	4,525	1,925	2,600
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	25	15	15
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	865	395	475
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	155	90	65
India	0	0	0	885	430	455
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	195	110	90
Iraq	0	0	0	10	10	0
Japan	0	0	0	180	45	140
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	0	10	285	115	170
Lebanon	10	0	0	25	20	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	35	10	25
Philippines	0	0	0	825	270	560
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	20	10	10
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	55	25	35
Taiwan	0	0	0	95	45	50
Viet Nam	0	0	0	370	160	210
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	490	190	300
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	330	140	190
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	20	10	10	1,490	690	800
Americas	10	10	10	170	95	75
Brazil	0	0	0	15	10	10
Colombia	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	10	10	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	15	10	10	15	0	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	110	65	45
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	10	15	0
Europe	0	0	0	285	125	160
France	0	0	0	0	10	0
Germany	0	0	0	60	10	50
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	25	0	20
Ukraine	0	0	0	20	10	15
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	145	85	60
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	25	15	10
Africa	0	0	0	60	35	25
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	10	10	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	10	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	20	15	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	0	20	15	10
Asia	0	0	0	960	425	530
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	15	10	10
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	265	115	150
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	100	50	50
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	75	30	40
Lebanon	0	0	0	10	10	0
Nepal	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	330	150	175
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	60	20	35
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	10	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	20	0	15
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	45	20	30
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	15	0	10
Australia	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	1,455	700	750	119,495	58,100	61,390
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	95	55	35	19,875	9,435	10,440
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	100	55	45	23,895	11,425	12,470
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	1,255	585	670	75,730	37,250	38,480
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	60	40	20	8,215	3,725	4,490
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	40	25	15	4,130	1,990	2,140
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	15	0	15	1,745	1,000	750
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	25	30	0	2,385	995	1,390
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	20	10	10	3,195	1,260	1,930
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	0	830	440	385
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	65	30	35
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	1,455	700	750	119,495	58,100	61,395
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	45	20	30	10,125	4,825	5,300
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	45	20	25	9,935	4,745	5,185
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	20	10	10	6,520	3,100	3,420
Métis	25	10	15	3,350	1,605	1,745
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	65	40	20
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	10	100	50	45
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	95	30	65
Non-Aboriginal identity	1,410	680	725	109,370	53,275	56,095
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	1,450	700	750	119,495	58,100	61,395
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	0	0	10	5,295	2,580	2,715
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	1,450	705	750	114,195	55,520	58,675
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	1,455	700	750	119,495	58,100	61,395
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	25	10	15	3,830	1,935	1,890
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	20	10	10	3,795	1,930	1,870
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	15	10	10	3,350	1,680	1,675
Métis single ancestry	10	0	0	430	240	190
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	15	10	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	35	10	25
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	0	10	30	10	25
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	80	35	45	7,595	3,580	4,020
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	80	35	50	7,240	3,430	3,810
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	40	20	25	4,525	2,135	2,390
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	40	15	25	2,625	1,235	1,390
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	85	55	25
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	360	150	205
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	335	140	195
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	25	10	15
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	1,350	655	690	108,065	52,580	55,485
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	1,455	700	750	119,495	58,100	61,395
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	70	40	30	9,755	4,660	5,090
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	2,065	1,065	995
Chinese	0	0	0	2,475	1,170	1,305
Black	55	25	25	785	405	375
Filipino	0	0	0	1,095	460	635
Latin American	0	0	0	510	215	295
Arab	0	10	0	275	195	75
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	855	370	485
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	190	105	85
Korean	10	0	10	430	200	230
Japanese	0	0	0	645	265	380
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	75	45	35
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	340	155	190
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	1,380	660	720	109,740	53,435	56,300
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	1,455	700	750	119,495	58,100	61,390
North American Aboriginal origins	105	45	60	11,430	5,520	5,910
First Nations (North American Indian)	65	30	35	8,270	3,975	4,300
Inuit	0	0	0	130	80	55
Métis	45	15	35	3,420	1,625	1,795
Other North American origins	1,030	490	540	32,415	15,935	16,480
Acadian	0	0	10	190	115	75
American	10	0	10	2,635	1,295	1,345
Canadian	1,025	495	535	30,440	14,955	15,480
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	100	35	60
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	25	15	15
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	10	0	10
European origins	675	340	335	94,940	45,700	49,245
British Isles origins	335	155	180	71,465	34,395	37,070
Channel Islander	0	0	0	10	0	10
Cornish	0	0	0	20	10	0
English	100	45	50	46,670	22,190	24,480
Irish	230	105	130	23,145	10,590	12,550
Manx	0	0	0	85	40	40
Scottish	105	45	65	31,310	14,960	16,350
Welsh	0	0	10	4,820	2,250	2,570
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	10	10	0	4,315	1,945	2,375
French origins	415	220	195	12,980	6,055	6,925
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	10	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	415	215	195	12,970	6,050	6,920
Western European origins (except French origins)	70	30	40	25,845	11,930	13,915
Austrian	0	0	0	1,285	620	660
Bavarian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Belgian	0	0	0	805	400	405
Dutch	0	0	0	7,080	3,245	3,840
Flemish	0	0	0	80	45	40
Frisian	0	0	0	10	0	0
German	60	25	35	18,210	8,320	9,895
Luxembourger	0	0	0	20	10	15
Swiss	10	0	10	705	335	370
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	0	0	0	13,175	6,270	6,905
Danish	0	0	0	2,445	1,170	1,275
Finnish	0	0	0	1,375	625	750
Icelandic	0	0	0	950	460	490
Norwegian	0	0	0	5,420	2,640	2,780
Swedish	0	0	0	3,740	1,665	2,075
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	620	310	315
Eastern European origins	40	20	15	15,615	7,200	8,405
Bulgarian	0	0	0	60	25	35
Byelorussian	0	0	0	40	0	35
Czech	0	0	0	595	270	330
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	10	10	0	380	135	245
Estonian	0	0	0	165	75	90
Hungarian	10	10	0	1,815	715	1,100
Latvian	0	0	0	170	105	70
Lithuanian	0	0	0	185	85	95
Moldovan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Polish	10	10	0	4,455	2,000	2,450
Romanian	0	0	0	710	345	365
Russian	0	0	0	2,810	1,295	1,515
Slovak	0	0	0	235	90	150
Ukrainian	10	10	10	6,705	3,215	3,485
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	45	25	15
Southern European origins	55	35	20	8,080	3,915	4,165
Albanian	0	0	0	50	35	15
Bosnian	0	0	0	25	15	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	615	300	310
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	615	300	310
Italian	25	15	10	4,495	2,190	2,305
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	45	25	20
Maltese	0	0	0	65	30	30
Montenegrin	0	0	0	15	15	10
Portuguese	10	0	10	725	390	335
Serbian	0	0	0	185	85	105
Sicilian	0	0	0	25	10	20
Slovenian	0	0	0	125	55	70
Spanish	25	10	10	1,250	525	720
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	10	10	10	330	160	175
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other European origins	0	0	0	710	375	340
Basque	0	0	0	0	10	0
Jewish	0	0	0	235	115	120
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	45	20	25
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	405	215	185
Caribbean origins	20	10	10	435	180	255
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	50	20	30
Bermudan	0	0	0	35	20	15
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	25	10	20
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	15	0	0	15	0	10
Jamaican	0	0	0	145	70	75
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	10	0	10
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	35	20	15
St. Lucian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	85	25	60
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	15	0	10
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	40	10	30
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	30	20	10
Latin, Central and South American origins	10	10	0	1,025	480	545
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	50	25	25
Arawak	0	0	0	10	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	35	10	25
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	105	40	70
Chilean	0	0	0	105	55	45
Colombian	0	0	0	80	20	60
Costa Rican	0	0	0	10	0	15
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Guatemalan	0	0	0	20	10	10
Guyanese	0	0	0	30	20	10
Hispanic	0	0	0	35	20	10
Honduran	0	0	0	45	15	25
Maya	0	0	0	45	15	25
Mexican	15	10	10	345	180	165
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	35	25	15
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Paraguayan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	55	30	25
Salvadorean	0	0	0	25	0	25
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	40	20	20
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	30	15	15
African origins	40	20	20	1,270	685	590
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	170	100	70
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	20	15	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	125	70	50
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	10	10	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	10	10	10
North African origins	0	0	0	85	70	15
Algerian	0	0	0	25	15	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	25	25	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	35	30	10
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	10	10	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	30	20	10	550	275	275
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	10
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	50	25	25
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	365	185	185
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	40	10	25
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	25	15	10
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	10
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	30	15	15	35	15	15
Other African origins	10	0	10	465	230	235
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	10	0	0	60	10	50
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	10	0	0	405	220	185
Asian origins	35	20	15	9,495	4,505	4,985
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	20	10	10	1,025	570	455
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	150	115	40
Armenian	0	0	0	40	20	20
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	10	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	15	10	10	335	175	165
Iraqi	0	0	0	10	0	10
Israeli	0	0	0	25	0	30
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	20	10	15
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	10	10	0	175	110	65
Palestinian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	70	70	0
Syrian	0	0	0	130	50	75
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	10	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	60	30	25
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	10
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	30	30	0
South Asian origins	0	0	0	2,170	1,115	1,060
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bengali	0	0	0	15	10	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	0	0	1,865	965	900
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	25	10	20
Pakistani	0	0	0	20	0	10
Punjabi	0	0	0	185	100	85
Sinhalese	0	0	0	15	10	10
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	40	25	15
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	10
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	20	15	10
East and Southeast Asian origins	15	0	10	6,340	2,840	3,505
Burmese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	150	80	70
Chinese	0	0	0	3,025	1,400	1,630
Filipino	0	0	0	1,270	500	770
Hmong	0	0	0	10	10	10
Indonesian	0	0	0	180	105	80
Japanese	0	0	0	770	330	440
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	10	440	205	235
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	60	10	45
Mongolian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Singaporean	0	0	0	15	0	10
Taiwanese	0	0	0	80	40	45
Thai	0	0	0	115	25	90
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	600	255	340
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	20	10	10
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Oceania origins	0	0	0	785	400	385
Australian	0	0	0	415	205	210
New Zealander	0	0	0	135	65	70
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	235	130	110
Fijian	0	0	0	60	35	25
Hawaiian	0	0	0	130	75	65
Maori	0	0	0	20	15	10
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	15	0	15
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	640	...	...	52,950	...	...
Owner	405	...	...	37,910	...	...
Renter	235	...	...	14,885	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	155	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	640	...	...	52,945	...	...
Condominium	20	...	...	6,560	...	...
Not condominium	615	...	...	46,385	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	635	...	...	52,950	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	320	...	...
1 bedroom	80	...	...	5,760	...	...
2 bedrooms	225	...	...	14,990	...	...
3 bedrooms	200	...	...	18,015	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	135	...	...	13,860	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	635	...	...	52,950	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	210	...	...	13,180	...	...
5 rooms	85	...	...	8,725	...	...
6 rooms	85	...	...	8,035	...	...
7 rooms	35	...	...	6,710	...	...
8 or more rooms	225	...	...	16,300	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.4	...	...	6.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	635	...	...	52,950	...	...
One person or fewer per room	640	...	...	52,655	...	...
More than 1 person per room	0	...	...	295	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	635	...	...	52,950	...	...
Suitable	610	...	...	51,450	...	...
Not suitable	30	...	...	1,500	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	640	...	...	52,950	...	...
1960 or before	210	...	...	7,660	...	...
1961 to 1980	155	...	...	15,530	...	...
1981 to 1990	120	...	...	7,975	...	...
1991 to 2000	70	...	...	10,485	...	...
2001 to 2005	40	...	...	3,255	...	...
2006 to 2010	20	...	...	4,730	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	25	...	...	3,320	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	640	...	...	52,950	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	605	...	...	49,475	...	...
Major repairs needed	35	...	...	3,475	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	635	...	...	52,945	...	...
1 household maintainer	390	...	...	30,455	...	...
2 household maintainers	250	...	...	21,190	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	0	...	...	1,305	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	640	...	...	52,950	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	1,685	...	...
25 to 34 years	60	...	...	6,155	...	...
35 to 44 years	105	...	...	7,320	...	...
45 to 54 years	130	...	...	9,345	...	...
55 to 64 years	125	...	...	11,660	...	...
65 to 74 years	130	...	...	9,820	...	...
75 to 84 years	55	...	...	5,160	...	...
85 years and over	35	...	...	1,805	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	640	...	...	52,170	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	520	...	...	38,965	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	120	...	...	13,205	...	...
30% to less than 100%	110	...	...	11,540	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	400	...	...	37,400	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	55.6	...	...	57.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	6.2	...	...	16.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,029	...	...	948	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,186	...	...	1,103	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	299,160	...	...	375,022	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	350,324	...	...	411,408	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	235	...	...	14,805	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	0.0	...	...	11.7	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	37.5	...	...	46.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	752	...	...	911	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	788	...	...	975	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	1,205	575	625	102,200	49,315	52,890
No certificate, diploma or degree	235	130	105	15,555	8,210	7,345
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	355	150	205	30,830	14,585	16,245
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	615	300	315	55,815	26,515	29,300
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	135	75	60	11,480	8,540	2,945
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	95	55	45	4,600	2,605	1,995
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	40	15	20	6,880	5,930	945
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	205	115	90	20,420	7,780	12,640
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	55	20	35	4,680	1,675	3,010
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	225	90	125	19,245	8,530	10,710
Bachelor's degree	140	50	90	12,160	5,185	6,970
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	40	15	20	1,445	600	845
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	0	10	655	430	230
Master's degree	30	15	20	4,125	1,815	2,310
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	850	495	360
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	775	350	425	63,250	30,145	33,105
No certificate, diploma or degree	85	40	40	6,375	3,690	2,685
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	245	105	135	17,815	8,720	9,090
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	450	195	250	39,065	17,735	21,335
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	85	40	40	7,365	5,520	1,845
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	60	30	30	3,000	1,695	1,305
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	25	10	15	4,365	3,825	540
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	155	90	60	14,510	5,405	9,110
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	40	10	35	3,265	1,135	2,125
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	170	60	115	13,925	5,670	8,250
Bachelor's degree	120	35	85	9,085	3,690	5,400
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	20	10	15	980	360	620
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	10	435	240	190
Master's degree	20	10	10	2,920	1,140	1,780
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	495	235	255
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	1,200	575	625	102,205	49,315	52,890
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	585	275	310	46,385	22,795	23,585
Education	80	20	65	4,265	1,075	3,195
13. Education	80	20	60	4,270	1,075	3,195
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	0	10	2,005	890	1,110
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	290	220	70
50. Visual and performing arts	10	0	10	1,710	665	1,045
Humanities	0	0	0	2,315	980	1,340
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	180	65	115
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	800	290	515
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	540	190	350
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	0	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	125	75	55
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	275	165	105
54. History	0	0	0	350	190	160
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	35	0	30
Social and behavioural sciences and law	70	25	45	5,370	1,765	3,605
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	100	20	80
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	0	10	320	140	180
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	20	0	20	1,250	150	1,105
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	10	855	225	625
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	10	85	20	65
42. Psychology	10	0	0	920	255	665
45. Social sciences	15	10	0	1,845	950	890
Business, management and public administration	105	25	80	10,175	3,280	6,895
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	15	10	800	185	615
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	90	15	75	9,365	3,090	6,275
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	1,910	995	910
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	1,050	500	545
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	270	115	155
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	25	15	10
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	425	305	125
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	135	55	80
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	10	0	1,375	855	515
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	1,090	740	350
25. Library science	0	0	0	140	20	115
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	140	90	50
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	150	135	10	11,900	11,225	680
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	230	130	105
14. Engineering	30	30	0	1,460	1,300	160
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	20	15	0	1,995	1,800	190
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	30	20	0	3,555	3,465	90
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	50	50	0	3,200	3,115	90
48. Precision production	25	15	0	1,460	1,420	40
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	15	0	0	1,875	1,300	580
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	10	10	10	790	420	370
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	1,085	870	210
Health and related fields	100	35	70	10,275	1,900	8,380
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	10	10	0	665	315	350
51. Health professions and related programs	95	25	65	9,395	1,430	7,960
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	220	150	65
Personal, protective and transportation services	75	50	30	4,335	2,260	2,075
12. Personal and culinary services	45	20	25	2,780	870	1,910
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	15	15	0
43. Security and protective services	10	10	0	400	315	80
49. Transportation and materials moving	20	20	0	1,130	1,055	80
Other	0	0	0	15	0	15
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	15	0	15
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	770	350	420	63,250	30,145	33,110
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	320	150	175	24,185	12,410	11,775
Education	55	0	45	2,770	585	2,185
13. Education	50	10	45	2,770	585	2,190
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	0	10	1,435	600	830
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	195	135	60
50. Visual and performing arts	10	0	10	1,240	470	770
Humanities	10	0	10	1,570	650	920
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	115	45	75
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	575	210	365
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	10	385	135	250
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	65	35	30
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	170	105	70
54. History	0	0	0	235	125	105
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	15	0	15
Social and behavioural sciences and law	60	10	45	4,125	1,245	2,880
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	75	10	65
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	10	260	115	145
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	20	0	20	985	120	870
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	0	695	160	535
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	75	15	55
42. Psychology	10	0	0	670	165	505
45. Social sciences	10	10	0	1,370	660	710
Business, management and public administration	90	20	70	7,205	2,290	4,920
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	15	10	0	605	135	465
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	75	10	65	6,595	2,150	4,445
Physical and life sciences and technologies	10	0	0	1,215	590	625
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	740	345	395
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	165	55	110
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	20	15	10
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	225	150	75
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	70	25	45
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	1,090	705	385
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	10	10	0	945	655	290
25. Library science	0	0	0	90	10	75
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	55	35	15
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	105	95	10	7,685	7,175	505
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	175	75	100
14. Engineering	30	25	0	870	745	125
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	10	10	0	1,230	1,115	115
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	15	10	0	2,440	2,360	75
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	35	35	0	2,065	2,010	55
48. Precision production	15	10	10	900	865	35
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10	10	0	1,465	970	495
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	10	0	0	620	330	290
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	10	0	850	645	205
Health and related fields	75	30	45	7,480	1,390	6,090
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	10	0	10	495	240	255
51. Health professions and related programs	60	25	40	6,850	1,065	5,790
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	135	85	50
Personal, protective and transportation services	35	25	10	3,005	1,535	1,480
12. Personal and culinary services	15	0	10	1,945	610	1,335
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	10	0
43. Security and protective services	15	10	0	300	230	65
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	10	0	755	685	75
Other	0	0	0	10	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	10	0	10
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	1,205	575	625	102,200	49,315	52,890
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	580	270	310	46,385	22,800	23,590
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	620	300	320	55,820	26,520	29,300
Location of study inside Canada	575	275	300	48,545	22,795	25,750
Same as province or territory of residence	365	180	190	35,850	16,580	19,265
Different than province or territory of residence	205	95	110	12,695	6,215	6,485
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	40	25	15	7,275	3,720	3,555
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	10	0	0	1,680	905	775
Philippines	0	0	0	425	110	310
India	0	0	0	280	155	125
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	20	15	0	2,030	1,120	910
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	390	190	200
France	0	0	0	30	10	20
Other	20	10	15	2,440	1,225	1,215
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	775	350	425	63,250	30,145	33,105
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	325	150	170	24,185	12,410	11,775
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	450	200	250	39,065	17,735	21,335
Location of study inside Canada	425	185	240	35,110	15,905	19,200
Same as province or territory of residence	290	125	160	27,095	12,030	15,060
Different than province or territory of residence	130	55	80	8,015	3,875	4,140
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	25	15	10	3,955	1,825	2,135
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	890	445	450
Philippines	0	0	0	360	100	260
India	0	0	0	210	105	105
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	10	10	0	845	455	390
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	340	170	175
France	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other	20	10	15	1,300	555	745
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	1,205	575	630	102,205	49,310	52,885
In the labour force	730	355	375	60,380	30,705	29,675
Employed	695	335	355	55,690	28,010	27,685
Unemployed	35	20	15	4,690	2,700	1,990
Not in the labour force	470	220	255	41,825	18,605	23,215
Participation rate	60.6	61.7	59.5	59.1	62.3	56.1
Employment rate	57.7	58.3	56.3	54.5	56.8	52.3
Unemployment rate	4.8	5.6	4.0	7.8	8.8	6.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	1,200	570	630	102,200	49,310	52,890
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	445	215	230	38,740	17,290	21,445
Worked	760	360	400	63,470	32,025	31,445
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	405	210	200	28,400	15,950	12,445
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	350	150	195	35,070	16,070	19,005
Average weeks worked in reference year	44.2	44.1	44.3	41.7	41.9	41.5
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	730	360	370	60,380	30,705	29,675
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	15	0	10	1,325	770	555
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	710	355	360	59,055	29,940	29,115
Employee	660	320	340	50,225	24,785	25,445
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	50	35	20	8,830	5,160	3,675
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	725	355	370	60,385	30,705	29,675
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	15	0	10	1,325	765	555
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	715	355	365	59,055	29,940	29,115
0 Management occupations	75	40	35	5,985	3,565	2,420
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	80	30	50	7,760	1,930	5,825
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	20	20	0	3,545	2,860	680
3 Health occupations	70	20	55	4,880	960	3,925
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	115	30	80	6,420	2,010	4,410
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	15	10	10	1,820	725	1,090
6 Sales and service occupations	165	60	105	15,955	6,350	9,610
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	120	105	15	9,470	8,900	570
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	10	10	0	1,685	1,360	330
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	45	35	10	1,530	1,280	250
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	725	360	370	60,380	30,710	29,675
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	15	0	10	1,325	770	555
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	715	350	365	59,055	29,935	29,115
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	10	10	0	1,805	1,350	455
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	460	420	40
22 Utilities	10	10	0	290	225	65
23 Construction	45	35	10	5,300	4,670	630
31-33 Manufacturing	135	80	50	3,035	2,365	670
41 Wholesale trade	35	25	10	1,515	1,165	350
44-45 Retail trade	75	25	55	8,300	3,745	4,565
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	40	25	15	2,890	2,235	655
51 Information and cultural industries	10	10	10	1,485	890	590
52 Finance and insurance	10	0	10	1,860	640	1,220
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	10	0	0	1,040	545	505
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	20	10	10	3,740	2,000	1,740
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	10	0	25	20	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	35	20	10	3,080	1,745	1,330
61 Educational services	85	15	75	3,990	1,230	2,755
62 Health care and social assistance	95	20	80	8,395	1,595	6,800
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	10	10	0	1,130	485	640
72 Accommodation and food services	35	10	25	4,920	1,840	3,085
81 Other services (except public administration)	35	30	10	2,730	1,160	1,570
91 Public administration	35	25	15	3,070	1,625	1,445
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	695	335	355	55,690	28,005	27,685
Worked at home	20	10	10	4,970	2,335	2,635
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	185	110	80
No fixed workplace address	40	30	10	8,795	6,645	2,145
Worked at usual place	640	300	340	41,740	18,915	22,830
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	635	295	340	41,740	18,915	22,825
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	135	80	65	29,180	12,140	17,040
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	340	140	200	7,490	3,835	3,650
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	75	30	45	4,555	2,525	2,025
Commute to a different province or territory	85	55	35	520	410	110
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	675	330	345	50,535	25,565	24,975
Car, truck, van - as a driver	610	315	295	40,745	20,775	19,970
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	50	10	40	2,940	1,270	1,670
Public transit	0	0	0	1,905	870	1,035
Walked	10	0	0	2,990	1,305	1,680
Bicycle	0	0	0	710	470	235
Other method	0	0	0	1,245	870	375
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	675	330	345	50,535	25,560	24,975
Less than 15 minutes	335	165	170	21,180	9,650	11,530
15 to 29 minutes	140	50	95	19,030	9,505	9,520
30 to 44 minutes	60	30	35	6,310	3,705	2,605
45 to 59 minutes	35	20	20	1,525	975	550
60 minutes and over	105	70	35	2,490	1,725	765
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	675	330	345	50,535	25,565	24,970
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	55	40	20	3,030	2,080	950
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	130	85	35	7,035	4,590	2,450
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	225	120	110	13,835	7,415	6,425
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	135	30	105	11,490	4,575	6,920
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	50	20	25	6,715	2,600	4,115
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	75	30	50	8,420	4,305	4,120
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	780	380	400	65,550	33,005	32,545
Single responses	695	340	355	65,335	32,890	32,450
Official languages	700	340	360	65,075	32,735	32,340
English	210	100	110	64,935	32,715	32,225
French	490	245	245	140	25	115
Non-official languages	0	0	0	260	155	110
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	255	145	110
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	10	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	65	35	30
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Vietnamese	0	0	0	55	25	25
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	45	25	15
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	10	15	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	10	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	10	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	15	10	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	20	10	15
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	100	60	40
Chinese languages	0	0	0	100	60	40
Cantonese	0	0	0	20	20	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	70	40	35
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	80	40	45	215	115	100
English and French	75	40	35	45	15	30
English and non-official language	0	0	0	155	90	60
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	780	375	405	65,545	33,005	32,545
None	355	165	195	64,115	32,405	31,710
English	290	150	135	225	80	145
French	135	65	70	440	195	245
Non-official language	0	0	0	745	315	435
Aboriginal	0	0	0	75	15	60
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	670	300	370
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	25	10	15
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	1,450	705	750	118,575	57,695	60,880
Non-movers	1,350	670	680	98,700	48,120	50,575
Movers	100	35	70	19,880	9,575	10,305
Non-migrants	40	10	25	11,790	5,680	6,110
Migrants	65	20	45	8,085	3,890	4,195
Internal migrants	45	15	30	7,215	3,465	3,755
Intraprovincial migrants	45	15	30	4,975	2,335	2,645
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	2,245	1,130	1,110
External migrants	15	10	10	870	425	440
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	1,405	685	715	114,010	55,390	58,615
Non-movers	845	420	425	64,575	31,590	32,985
Movers	555	265	285	49,435	23,800	25,630
Non-migrants	230	110	120	25,685	12,335	13,355
Migrants	325	160	170	23,745	11,465	12,280
Internal migrants	310	145	160	20,700	9,970	10,730
Intraprovincial migrants	230	100	130	14,270	6,810	7,460
Interprovincial migrants	75	50	30	6,435	3,165	3,270
External migrants	15	10	10	3,040	1,495	1,550

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. L'Orignal [Population centre], Ontario and Nanaimo--Ladysmith [Federal electoral district], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 17, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
L'Orignal [Population centre], Ontario and Nanaimo--Ladysmith [Federal electoral district], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census L'Orignal [Population centre], Ontario and Nanaimo--Ladysmith [Federal electoral district], British Columbia

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
L'Orignal [Population centre], Ontario and Nanaimo--Ladysmith [Federal electoral district], British Columbia