Census Profile, 2016 Census
Ladysmith [Population centre], British Columbia and Kings, County [Census division], Prince Edward Island

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Ladysmith British Columbia [Population centre]			Kings, CTY Prince Edward Island [Census division]
	Data quality , Ladysmith [Population centre], British Columbia Map : Ladysmith [Population centre], British Columbia Change geography 1			Data quality : Kings, County [Census division], Prince Edward Island Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	10,637	...	...	17,160	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	9,904 ^r	...	...	17,990	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	7.4	...	...	-4.6	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	4,746	...	...	10,026	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	4,673	...	...	7,222	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	769.1	...	...	10.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	13.83	...	...	1,686.34	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	10,640	5,085	5,550	17,160	8,545	8,615
0 to 14 years	1,430	720	710	2,490	1,285	1,205
0 to 4 years	435	220	220	780	440	340
5 to 9 years	500	255	245	830	385	450
10 to 14 years	495	250	245	880	460	420
15 to 64 years	6,190	2,910	3,280	10,920	5,450	5,465
15 to 19 years	515	250	260	1,090	560	525
20 to 24 years	395	215	180	900	475	425
25 to 29 years	385	190	195	770	385	385
30 to 34 years	480	220	255	825	405	420
35 to 39 years	515	235	280	885	460	425
40 to 44 years	530	260	270	955	480	480
45 to 49 years	625	285	340	1,120	560	570
50 to 54 years	815	365	450	1,410	685	730
55 to 59 years	935	435	500	1,520	735	785
60 to 64 years	1,000	450	550	1,445	715	730
65 years and over	3,020	1,455	1,560	3,750	1,810	1,945
65 to 69 years	1,030	515	515	1,435	720	715
70 to 74 years	765	375	395	940	470	465
75 to 79 years	525	265	260	600	280	320
80 to 84 years	345	170	175	430	210	220
85 years and over	350	135	220	350	130	220
85 to 89 years	230	100	130	225	90	130
90 to 94 years	95	30	60	105	30	70
95 to 99 years	25	0	20	20	5	15
100 years and over	0	0	0	5	5	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	13.4	14.2	12.8	14.5	15.0	14.0
15 to 64 years	58.2	57.2	59.1	63.6	63.8	63.4
65 years and over	28.4	28.6	28.1	21.9	21.2	22.6
85 years and over	3.3	2.7	4.0	2.0	1.5	2.6
Average age of the population	48.1	47.4	48.6	44.5	43.7	45.2
Median age of the population	52.9	52.4	53.4	48.0	46.9	49.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	4,670	...	...	7,225	...	...
Single-detached house	3,435	...	...	5,875	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	10	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	970	...	...	830	...	...
Semi-detached house	205	...	...	195	...	...
Row house	235	...	...	200	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	155	...	...	55	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	365	...	...	360	...	...
Other single-attached house	15	...	...	15	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	265	...	...	510	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	4,670	...	...	7,220	...	...
1 person	1,255	...	...	2,045	...	...
2 persons	2,090	...	...	2,845	...	...
3 persons	605	...	...	1,040	...	...
4 persons	495	...	...	835	...	...
5 or more persons	230	...	...	460	...	...
Number of persons in private households	10,470	...	...	16,675	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	9,205	4,370	4,840	14,670	7,260	7,410
Married or living common law	5,925	2,960	2,965	8,615	4,320	4,295
Married	4,985	2,485	2,495	7,475	3,750	3,725
Living common law	940	475	470	1,140	570	570
Not married and not living common law	3,280	1,405	1,875	6,055	2,935	3,115
Never married	1,635	855	780	3,750	2,160	1,590
Separated	270	120	155	455	210	250
Divorced	710	290	420	810	370	435
Widowed	665	140	530	1,040	195	845
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	3,370	...	...	5,075	...	...
2 persons	2,185	...	...	2,910	...	...
3 persons	575	...	...	1,000	...	...
4 persons	450	...	...	790	...	...
5 or more persons	155	...	...	375	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	3,370	...	...	5,075	...	...
Total couple families	2,920	...	...	4,240	...	...
Married couples	2,450	...	...	3,665	...	...
Common-law couples	470	...	...	570	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	450	...	...	835	...	...
Female parent	345	...	...	645	...	...
Male parent	105	...	...	195	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	2,920	...	...	4,235	...	...
Couples without children	1,900	...	...	2,400	...	...
Couples with children	1,015	...	...	1,835	...	...
1 child	450	...	...	765	...	...
2 children	420	...	...	720	...	...
3 or more children	145	...	...	355	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	450	...	...	835	...	...
1 child	285	...	...	515	...	...
2 children	120	...	...	235	...	...
3 or more children	45	...	...	90	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,755	740	1,015	2,685	1,310	1,375
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	4,675	...	...	7,220	...	...
One-census-family households	3,230	...	...	4,895	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	1,830	...	...	2,335	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	1,400	...	...	2,555	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	65	...	...	90	...	...
Non-census-family households	1,375	...	...	2,240	...	...
One-person households	1,255	...	...	2,045	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	120	...	...	195	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	10,535	5,045	5,490	17,025	8,485	8,540
English only	9,935	4,800	5,135	15,740	7,900	7,845
French only	0	5	5	0	0	0
English and French	585	240	345	1,100	475	625
Neither English nor French	15	0	10	180	105	75
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	10,535	5,045	5,490	17,025	8,485	8,545
English	10,410	4,985	5,425	16,665	8,285	8,375
French	105	55	50	185	90	90
English and French	10	5	5	0	0	5
Neither English nor French	10	5	10	180	105	75
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	110	60	50	185	95	90
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.0	1.2	0.9	1.1	1.1	1.1
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	10,540	5,045	5,490	17,025	8,485	8,545
Single responses	10,480	5,015	5,470	16,985	8,460	8,525
Official languages	9,885	4,750	5,135	16,455	8,150	8,305
English	9,765	4,695	5,070	16,260	8,055	8,200
French	120	60	60	200	90	105
Non-official languages	600	265	335	525	310	215
Aboriginal languages	5	0	0	5	0	5
Algonquian languages	5	0	0	5	0	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	5	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	5	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	5	0	5	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	595	260	330	520	305	215
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	10	5	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	5	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	55	15	40	20	10	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	0	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	50	10	40	20	5	15
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	395	185	210	210	115	100
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	65	30	40	20	10	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Slavic languages	65	30	40	15	5	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	5	5	5	5	5
Czech	5	5	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	5	10	5	5	5
Russian	5	0	0	5	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	25	10	10	5	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	0	0	5	5	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	250	120	130	125	60	60
Afrikaans	5	0	0	5	0	0
Danish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Dutch	60	30	30	45	25	20
Frisian	5	0	5	0	0	0
German	145	65	80	55	25	30
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	10	5	0	0	0
Swedish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Greek	20	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	20	10	15	30	15	15
Indo-Aryan languages	15	5	10	30	15	15
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	5	10	25	15	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	35	20	25	35	25	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	20	10	10	5	5	5
Portuguese	0	0	0	5	5	5
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	15	5	10	25	15	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	0	10	5	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	20	10	10	5	0	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	35	10	25	255	170	85
Chinese languages	35	15	20	255	170	85
Cantonese	10	5	5	5	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	25	5	15	245	165	80
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	0	5	5	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	5	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	40	25	20	5	5	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	25	15	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	15	10	5	5	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	50	30	25	45	20	20
English and French	10	5	5	25	10	10
English and non-official language	35	25	15	20	10	5
French and non-official language	0	5	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	10,535	5,045	5,490	17,025	8,485	8,540
Single responses	10,435	5,005	5,435	16,975	8,455	8,515
Official languages	10,305	4,945	5,355	16,625	8,240	8,385
English	10,290	4,940	5,350	16,560	8,205	8,345
French	15	5	10	65	30	40
Non-official languages	130	55	75	350	215	135
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	130	55	75	345	220	135
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	5	5	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	5	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	5	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	20	5	15	10	5	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	5	15	10	5	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	45	20	25	80	40	35
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	0	5	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	5	0	5	0	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	15	10	5	30	15	20
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	10	5	0	30	10	20
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	5	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	0	5	15	5	10
Indo-Aryan languages	10	5	5	15	10	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	0	5	15	5	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	5	10	25	15	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	5	5	5	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	5	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	5	5	0	15	10	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	5	5	5	0	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	20	10	10	5	0	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	5	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	5	15	245	165	80
Chinese languages	25	10	15	245	170	80
Cantonese	5	5	5	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	5	15	245	165	80
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	100	45	55	55	30	25
English and French	5	5	0	15	10	10
English and non-official language	90	40	55	40	25	20
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	10,535	5,045	5,495	17,030	8,485	8,545
None	10,180	4,910	5,270	16,630	8,305	8,330
English	55	25	30	75	35	40
French	90	35	55	230	105	125
Non-official language	210	75	135	85	45	50
Aboriginal	15	5	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	195	70	125	85	40	45
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	9,040	4,310	4,735	14,195	6,995	7,200
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	8,765	4,185	4,575	13,765	6,800	6,960
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,576	45,376	27,896	30,192	33,735	27,025
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	8,770	4,190	4,580	13,765	6,795	6,965
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,191	39,646	25,706	26,946	29,834	24,655
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	8,020	3,900	4,115	12,190	6,145	6,040
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,614	39,753	22,908	23,221	26,516	20,174
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	6,440	2,830	3,615	11,395	5,500	5,890
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,813	11,432	8,412	10,421	11,356	9,566
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	6,045	3,085	2,960	10,330	5,345	4,985
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,629	38,635	23,243	23,223	25,698	20,812
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	9,080	4,265	4,815	14,195	6,990	7,210
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	8,775	4,140	4,635	13,790	6,790	7,005
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,321	54,529	33,321	35,947	40,752	31,292
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	8,780	4,140	4,640	13,795	6,785	7,005
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,766	45,140	29,301	30,495	33,888	27,210
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	7,970	3,840	4,135	12,260	6,110	6,155
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,880	51,122	29,438	30,892	35,665	26,155
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	6,530	2,825	3,700	11,350	5,500	5,850
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,556	10,421	8,895	10,305	10,676	9,956
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	6,045	3,035	3,005	10,335	5,335	5,000
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,480	49,646	29,200	30,773	34,398	26,908
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	9,080	4,265	4,815	14,200	6,990	7,210
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	2,430	1,380	1,050	3,655	1,830	1,820
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	57,425	68,307	45,996	42,430	44,769	41,023
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	62,021	72,101	48,808	46,790	49,224	44,345
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	83.7	87.0	79.0	76.2	78.4	73.5
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	62.1	65.9	56.7	63.9	65.8	61.4
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	16.3	13.0	21.0	23.8	21.6	26.6
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	9,040	4,305	4,735	14,195	7,000	7,200
Without total income	280	120	155	435	200	235
With total income	8,765	4,180	4,580	13,760	6,800	6,960
Percentage with total income	97.0	97.1	96.7	96.9	97.1	96.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,085	380	705	1,600	700	895
$10,000 to $19,999	1,450	515	930	2,705	1,115	1,590
$20,000 to $29,999	1,320	510	810	2,530	1,125	1,405
$30,000 to $39,999	1,135	460	675	2,240	1,090	1,150
$40,000 to $49,999	940	435	505	1,675	865	815
$50,000 to $59,999	685	350	335	1,015	595	420
$60,000 to $69,999	550	355	200	650	400	245
$70,000 to $79,999	420	270	150	475	290	190
$80,000 to $89,999	300	195	105	280	165	115
$90,000 to $99,999	265	200	70	150	100	55
$100,000 and over	625	520	105	440	360	80
$100,000 to $149,999	485	400	85	325	265	65
$150,000 and over	140	120	20	115	95	15
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	9,040	4,305	4,735	14,195	7,000	7,200
Without after-tax income	265	115	150	435	200	235
With after-tax income	8,770	4,190	4,580	13,760	6,795	6,960
Percentage with after-tax income	97.0	97.3	96.7	96.9	97.1	96.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,160	420	745	1,670	720	945
$10,000 to $19,999	1,530	565	975	2,935	1,240	1,695
$20,000 to $29,999	1,510	585	925	3,170	1,465	1,705
$30,000 to $39,999	1,340	555	785	2,570	1,275	1,295
$40,000 to $49,999	985	500	485	1,500	845	655
$50,000 to $59,999	730	460	265	840	505	335
$60,000 to $69,999	470	305	170	465	260	205
$70,000 to $79,999	395	275	115	240	170	65
$80,000 and over	650	530	125	370	305	65
$80,000 to $89,999	255	190	65	135	105	25
$90,000 to $99,999	150	140	15	75	55	15
$100,000 and over	245	200	45	165	145	25
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	9,040	4,305	4,735	14,200	7,000	7,195
Without employment income	2,995	1,225	1,775	3,865	1,650	2,215
With employment income	6,045	3,085	2,960	10,330	5,350	4,985
Percentage with employment income	66.9	71.7	62.5	72.7	76.4	69.3
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,295	640	655	1,340	675	670
$5,000 to $9,999	455	205	245	1,100	460	645
$10,000 to $19,999	710	280	430	2,180	1,075	1,105
$20,000 to $29,999	640	240	400	1,540	815	725
$30,000 to $39,999	570	210	360	1,250	595	655
$40,000 to $49,999	475	200	275	980	490	495
$50,000 to $59,999	375	190	180	645	405	245
$60,000 to $69,999	355	240	115	390	240	150
$70,000 to $79,999	270	170	100	295	160	135
$80,000 and over	900	710	195	615	445	170
$80,000 to $89,999	230	140	90	200	110	85
$90,000 to $99,999	190	150	40	115	80	35
$100,000 and over	475	415	65	300	255	50
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	4,670	...	...	7,225	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	69,274	...	...	57,799	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	60,937	...	...	50,903	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	1,250	...	...	2,045	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,706	...	...	27,191	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,328	...	...	24,818	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	3,420	...	...	5,175	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	85,563	...	...	72,509	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	74,677	...	...	63,090	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	4,690	...	...	7,220	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	81,054	...	...	68,637	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	68,821	...	...	58,245	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,265	...	...	2,050	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	42,834	...	...	34,608	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	36,930	...	...	29,558	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	3,425	...	...	5,175	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	95,160	...	...	82,120	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	80,591	...	...	69,611	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	4,670	...	...	7,220	...	...
Under $5,000	40	...	...	65	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	55	...	...	100	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	90	...	...	150	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	155	...	...	490	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	190	...	...	350	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	200	...	...	370	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	215	...	...	450	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	195	...	...	410	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	235	...	...	355	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	215	...	...	340	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	415	...	...	655	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	360	...	...	600	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	355	...	...	535	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	280	...	...	470	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	260	...	...	380	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,420	...	...	1,490	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	565	...	...	655	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	360	...	...	370	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	340	...	...	310	...	...
$200,000 and over	165	...	...	150	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	4,675	...	...	7,225	...	...
Under $5,000	45	...	...	70	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	50	...	...	105	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	90	...	...	160	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	165	...	...	530	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	240	...	...	415	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	210	...	...	460	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	260	...	...	495	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	270	...	...	460	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	265	...	...	435	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	240	...	...	405	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	465	...	...	770	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	415	...	...	675	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	345	...	...	560	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	350	...	...	460	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	305	...	...	330	...	...
$100,000 and over	960	...	...	895	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	475	...	...	490	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	250	...	...	215	...	...
$150,000 and over	230	...	...	185	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	3,325	...	...	5,050	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	84,846	...	...	72,256	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	74,240	...	...	62,926	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	1,805	...	...	2,290	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	77,807	...	...	67,654	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,590	...	...	58,896	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	1,030	...	...	1,860	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	115,328	...	...	94,022	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	97,178	...	...	80,750	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	420	...	...	775	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,419	...	...	44,592	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,469	...	...	41,312	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	3,330	...	...	5,055	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	94,761	...	...	82,018	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	80,134	...	...	69,449	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	1,760	...	...	2,280	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	86,833	...	...	74,961	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,478	...	...	63,103	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	1,075	...	...	1,845	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	118,976	...	...	104,475	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	99,698	...	...	87,676	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	415	...	...	815	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	60,121	...	...	51,565	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,731	...	...	46,075	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	1,595	690	905	2,420	1,200	1,220
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	32,448	35,584	30,688	27,072	28,851	25,344
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	29,717	31,616	28,480	24,717	25,490	23,456
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	1,605	650	960	2,440	1,285	1,155
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	40,416	44,156	37,885	33,169	36,133	29,859
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	34,990	37,556	33,255	28,459	30,328	26,371
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	10,470	5,030	5,440	16,675	8,270	8,405
In the bottom half of the distribution	5,025	2,275	2,750	10,495	5,075	5,420
In the bottom decile	760	335	430	1,525	735	790
In the second decile	1,015	425	585	2,565	1,175	1,390
In the third decile	1,015	465	545	2,220	1,080	1,145
In the fourth decile	1,070	505	565	2,125	1,065	1,060
In the fifth decile	1,155	545	615	2,055	1,025	1,035
In the top half of the distribution	5,450	2,755	2,700	6,185	3,195	2,990
In the sixth decile	1,200	600	600	1,835	955	875
In the seventh decile	1,160	565	590	1,505	775	730
In the eighth decile	1,215	615	595	1,305	675	635
In the ninth decile	1,125	575	550	995	510	485
In the top decile	755	395	360	545	285	260
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	10,470	5,025	5,440	16,655	8,265	8,395
0 to 17 years	1,750	880	870	3,135	1,600	1,535
0 to 5 years	530	265	265	945	515	430
18 to 64 years	5,845	2,735	3,110	9,960	4,935	5,025
65 years and over	2,880	1,415	1,470	3,565	1,730	1,835
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,195	525	665	2,960	1,365	1,590
0 to 17 years	270	145	125	760	390	375
0 to 5 years	80	40	35	250	130	115
18 to 64 years	605	255	355	1,405	650	755
65 years and over	310	125	185	790	325	460
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	11.4	10.4	12.2	17.8	16.5	18.9
0 to 17 years (%)	15.4	16.5	14.4	24.2	24.4	24.4
0 to 5 years (%)	15.1	15.1	13.2	26.5	25.2	26.7
18 to 64 years (%)	10.4	9.3	11.4	14.1	13.2	15.0
65 years and over (%)	10.8	8.8	12.6	22.2	18.8	25.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	485	225	265	665	340	325
0 to 17 years	105	50	55	170	80	90
0 to 5 years	25	15	10	45	20	25
18 to 64 years	345	150	195	450	230	220
65 years and over	35	20	15	45	25	20
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.6	4.5	4.9	4.0	4.1	3.9
0 to 17 years (%)	6.0	5.7	6.3	5.4	5.0	5.9
0 to 5 years (%)	4.7	5.7	3.8	4.8	3.9	5.8
18 to 64 years (%)	5.9	5.5	6.3	4.5	4.7	4.4
65 years and over (%)	1.2	1.4	1.0	1.3	1.4	1.1
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	10,535	4,990	5,545	16,675	8,270	8,405
Official languages	10,535	4,995	5,545	16,645	8,255	8,395
English	10,520	4,990	5,535	16,650	8,255	8,400
French	555	200	350	1,060	435	625
Non-official languages	830	335	495	355	195	160
Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	10	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	820	335	490	350	195	155
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	0	0	25	20	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	25	20	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	0	0	20	15	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	0	15	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	10	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	60	15	45	25	10	20
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	60	20	40	15	0	15
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	615	270	345	265	160	110
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	90	40	50	15	15	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	90	40	50	10	10	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	20	10	0	0	0	0
Czech	15	10	10	0	10	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	20	15	0	0	0	0
Russian	20	10	20	10	10	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	340	150	185	140	65	70
Afrikaans	10	0	10	10	10	0
Danish	35	15	20	0	0	10
Dutch	70	35	35	65	35	30
Frisian	0	0	0	0	10	0
German	205	100	110	55	20	35
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	20	10	10	0	10	0
Swedish	20	0	15	10	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	25	15	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	30	15	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	20	20	0	15	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages	15	10	10	15	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	15	0	15	10	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	165	55	110	110	75	40
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	40	15	20	10	0	10
Portuguese	15	0	10	10	10	10
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	115	35	75	90	60	25
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	30	10	20	0	0	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	10	0	10	0	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	0	20	20	10	15
American Sign Language	10	0	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	20	10	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	0	15	10	0	0
Chinese languages	25	0	15	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	0	10	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	45	15	25	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	30	10	20	0	0	0
Hungarian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	10,535	4,990	5,545	16,680	8,275	8,405
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	10,265	4,895	5,375	16,370	8,075	8,295
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,720	860	860	3,120	1,595	1,525
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	8,545	4,030	4,515	13,250	6,485	6,765
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	270	100	175	305	195	110
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	10,535	4,990	5,545	16,675	8,275	8,405
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	9,215	4,425	4,790	16,055	7,910	8,145
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	1,305	560	745	530	295	235
Before 1981	875	375	505	290	155	135
1981 to 1990	155	65	85	50	20	30
1991 to 2000	100	55	50	50	30	20
2001 to 2010	90	20	70	85	60	25
2001 to 2005	35	15	20	30	30	0
2006 to 2010	50	10	45	60	30	30
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	85	45	40	50	30	20
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	20	10	10	95	70	25
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	1,305	560	745	530	295	235
Under 5 years	195	85	105	85	55	30
5 to 14 years	265	115	145	85	45	40
15 to 24 years	345	135	205	110	45	65
25 to 44 years	435	175	255	210	125	85
45 years and over	75	50	30	35	15	20
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	1,305	565	745	530	295	235
Americas	135	50	90	195	100	95
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	10	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	110	35	75	185	105	80
Other places of birth in Americas	20	10	10	0	0	10
Europe	960	440	515	290	170	115
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	20	10	10	0	0	0
France	10	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	90	50	45	15	0	15
Greece	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hungary	25	15	15	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	15	10	0	15	0	0
Italy	10	10	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	55	30	30	40	35	10
Poland	20	15	0	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	600	245	355	160	90	70
Other places of birth in Europe	105	45	55	50	35	10
Africa	30	10	20	10	10	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	10	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	30	10	20	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	145	40	105	35	10	30
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	30	0	25	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	10	10	10	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	15	0	15	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	70	20	45	15	0	15
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Taiwan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	20	10	10	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	30	20	15	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	85	45	40	50	30	20
Americas	20	20	0	15	10	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	10	0	0	15	10	10
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	15	15	0	0	0	0
Europe	10	10	10	10	10	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	10	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	10	0	0	0
Asia	50	20	30	20	10	15
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	45	20	20	10	0	10
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	10,535	4,990	5,545	16,675	8,275	8,405
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	1,385	600	785	650	370	275
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	2,155	955	1,195	985	535	445
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	6,995	3,430	3,565	15,040	7,365	7,680
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	440	190	250	240	135	105
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	250	105	150	120	70	50
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	105	55	50	70	40	25
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	155	45	105	55	25	25
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	150	65	80	90	50	40
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	30	20	10	20	10	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	10	10	0	10	10	10
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	10,535	4,990	5,545	16,675	8,275	8,405
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	825	440	380	345	140	200
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	810	435	375	345	135	205
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	475	245	225	195	85	110
Métis	315	165	145	125	45	85
Inuk (Inuit)	20	20	0	20	10	10
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	10	0	10	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	9,710	4,545	5,170	16,330	8,130	8,200
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	10,535	4,990	5,545	16,680	8,275	8,400
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	320	165	155	85	40	50
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	10,215	4,825	5,390	16,595	8,240	8,355
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	10,535	4,990	5,545	16,675	8,275	8,405
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	175	120	55	105	60	50
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	175	115	55	105	55	45
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	115	65	45	100	55	45
Métis single ancestry	50	40	10	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	10	0	10	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	740	365	380	635	275	355
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	680	325	360	615	270	345
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	435	210	215	450	200	260
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	235	95	135	140	70	70
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	10	0	20	0	15
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	65	40	25	15	0	15
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	50	35	20	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	0	10	0	10
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	9,615	4,510	5,105	15,945	7,945	7,995
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	10,535	4,990	5,545	16,675	8,275	8,405
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	320	135	190	200	120	80
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	35	25	10	25	20	10
Chinese	40	10	35	0	0	10
Black	40	25	10	40	20	20
Filipino	85	30	60	40	20	20
Latin American	10	0	10	35	35	10
Arab	0	0	0	25	15	10
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	10	0	10	0	10	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	10	0	10	0	0
Japanese	65	20	45	10	10	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	35	15	15	10	10	10
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	10,210	4,860	5,355	16,475	8,155	8,325
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	10,535	4,990	5,545	16,680	8,275	8,405
North American Aboriginal origins	915	480	435	735	325	405
First Nations (North American Indian)	615	320	285	565	250	320
Inuit	30	25	0	35	15	20
Métis	340	170	165	150	70	75
Other North American origins	3,010	1,465	1,545	8,020	3,920	4,100
Acadian	15	0	10	200	80	120
American	315	165	150	85	65	25
Canadian	2,770	1,335	1,435	7,835	3,830	4,005
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	20	10	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	9,110	4,280	4,830	11,890	5,840	6,050
British Isles origins	7,150	3,375	3,780	10,810	5,315	5,490
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	4,920	2,250	2,675	4,265	2,015	2,240
Irish	2,385	1,070	1,315	5,120	2,520	2,605
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	3,210	1,560	1,650	7,195	3,420	3,775
Welsh	395	200	200	155	40	110
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	270	110	155	110	40	75
French origins	1,090	495	590	2,430	1,140	1,285
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	1,090	500	590	2,420	1,135	1,285
Western European origins (except French origins)	2,430	1,015	1,420	1,345	675	670
Austrian	120	60	60	10	0	10
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	95	50	40	140	95	40
Dutch	770	315	455	565	290	270
Flemish	10	0	10	10	10	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	1,635	635	995	735	325	410
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	70	40	25	0	10	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,190	485	705	245	135	115
Danish	190	85	100	60	25	35
Finnish	220	90	130	25	20	10
Icelandic	65	30	35	10	0	10
Norwegian	485	190	295	80	40	40
Swedish	285	95	190	40	20	15
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	65	35	30	45	35	15
Eastern European origins	1,410	635	775	295	155	140
Bulgarian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Czech	50	20	30	15	0	10
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	55	15	45	0	0	10
Estonian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hungarian	130	65	65	10	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Lithuanian	50	20	25	0	0	10
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	480	205	270	135	65	65
Romanian	35	15	20	15	0	15
Russian	250	140	115	45	30	10
Slovak	30	0	25	0	0	0
Ukrainian	645	295	345	45	20	20
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	30	20	10
Southern European origins	710	350	360	210	80	130
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	120	65	60	10	0	10
Italian	410	190	220	110	50	55
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	15	0	10
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	85	55	25	45	15	25
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	55	20	35	25	10	20
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	70	45	25	25	15	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	20	10	10	20	15	0
Roma (Gypsy)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	35	25	10	20	0	10
Caribbean origins	40	25	15	30	10	20
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	20	15	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	20	10	10
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	10
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	25	10	20	35	30	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	15	20	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	0	10	10	20	15	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	10	0	10	0	0	0
African origins	85	50	35	55	35	20
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	0	0	0	10	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	50	30	20	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	35	15	15	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	40	25	10	50	25	25
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	10	0	15	10	10	10
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	25	25	0	35	15	15
Asian origins	360	155	205	160	95	60
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	10	10	0	75	55	20
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	25	25	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	25	15	10
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	15	10	15
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	15	10	10
South Asian origins	50	30	25	30	15	10
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	35	25	10	30	10	15
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	300	120	180	60	30	30
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	85	25	60	0	0	10
Filipino	110	45	60	40	15	20
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	75	30	45	10	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	0	10	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	25	10	15	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	0	15	10	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	50	30	15	0	0	0
Australian	25	15	10	0	0	0
New Zealander	20	10	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	10	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	4,690	...	...	7,225	...	...
Owner	3,865	...	...	5,915	...	...
Renter	825	...	...	1,300	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	4,690	...	...	7,220	...	...
Condominium	455	...	...	35	...	...
Not condominium	4,235	...	...	7,190	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	4,695	...	...	7,225	...	...
No bedrooms	20	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	255	...	...	500	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,255	...	...	1,790	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,855	...	...	3,075	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,310	...	...	1,850	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	4,690	...	...	7,220	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	780	...	...	1,165	...	...
5 rooms	730	...	...	1,310	...	...
6 rooms	820	...	...	1,225	...	...
7 rooms	680	...	...	1,225	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,685	...	...	2,295	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.9	...	...	6.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	4,690	...	...	7,220	...	...
One person or fewer per room	4,680	...	...	7,185	...	...
More than 1 person per room	10	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	4,690	...	...	7,225	...	...
Suitable	4,625	...	...	7,050	...	...
Not suitable	60	...	...	170	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	4,690	...	...	7,225	...	...
1960 or before	1,120	...	...	2,235	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,110	...	...	2,050	...	...
1981 to 1990	440	...	...	1,075	...	...
1991 to 2000	960	...	...	760	...	...
2001 to 2005	285	...	...	475	...	...
2006 to 2010	510	...	...	370	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	265	...	...	265	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	4,690	...	...	7,225	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	4,380	...	...	6,380	...	...
Major repairs needed	310	...	...	840	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	4,690	...	...	7,225	...	...
1 household maintainer	2,675	...	...	4,165	...	...
2 household maintainers	1,945	...	...	2,960	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	75	...	...	100	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	4,690	...	...	7,220	...	...
15 to 24 years	35	...	...	130	...	...
25 to 34 years	385	...	...	675	...	...
35 to 44 years	555	...	...	880	...	...
45 to 54 years	825	...	...	1,380	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,040	...	...	1,770	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,100	...	...	1,475	...	...
75 to 84 years	580	...	...	680	...	...
85 years and over	175	...	...	225	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	4,665	...	...	7,065	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	3,740	...	...	6,080	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	925	...	...	985	...	...
30% to less than 100%	805	...	...	910	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,850	...	...	5,780	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	57.5	...	...	51.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	16.1	...	...	10.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	958	...	...	640	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,078	...	...	781	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	349,190	...	...	135,160	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	379,608	...	...	164,221	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	825	...	...	1,300	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	13.3	...	...	23.5	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	37.8	...	...	31.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	917	...	...	603	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	943	...	...	636	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	9,080	4,265	4,810	14,195	6,985	7,210
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,345	700	645	3,270	1,935	1,335
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	2,590	1,160	1,435	4,140	2,065	2,070
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,140	2,400	2,740	6,790	2,990	3,800
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,075	865	210	1,445	995	450
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	425	270	155	770	495	270
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	650	595	60	680	505	175
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	2,185	760	1,425	3,145	1,235	1,910
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	460	155	305	385	125	260
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,415	620	795	1,810	630	1,185
Bachelor's degree	890	370	520	1,190	390	800
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	115	50	65	130	35	90
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	50	35	15	35	25	10
Master's degree	320	140	180	415	145	270
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	40	25	15	45	25	15
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	5,350	2,450	2,900	8,740	4,315	4,430
No certificate, diploma or degree	490	270	220	1,380	930	450
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	1,440	685	755	2,400	1,255	1,150
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,420	1,495	1,930	4,965	2,125	2,835
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	720	550	175	970	670	300
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	290	170	120	535	350	190
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	430	380	50	430	320	110
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,460	465	995	2,470	965	1,500
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	310	90	220	250	85	160
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	925	390	540	1,275	405	870
Bachelor's degree	635	280	355	850	260	590
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	65	10	50	65	15	45
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	25	15	10	30	20	10
Master's degree	195	80	115	290	80	210
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	10	10	10	35	25	10
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	9,080	4,265	4,815	14,195	6,985	7,205
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	3,940	1,865	2,080	7,410	3,995	3,410
Education	465	110	355	615	135	480
13. Education	460	110	350	615	140	475
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	185	100	80	110	60	50
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	30	25	10	20	10	10
50. Visual and performing arts	155	75	75	95	55	40
Humanities	140	45	100	300	120	180
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	0	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	45	0	40	75	15	65
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	20	10	15	65	20	45
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	0	15	10	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	30	10	25	70	35	35
54. History	35	10	20	45	30	15
55. French language and literature/letters	10	0	10	25	10	20
Social and behavioural sciences and law	430	125	305	440	100	340
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	10	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	0	35	10	25
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	110	10	105	150	10	145
22. Legal professions and studies	85	15	70	75	0	75
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	15	0	0	0
42. Psychology	70	30	40	80	20	60
45. Social sciences	130	60	70	100	55	45
Business, management and public administration	925	235	685	1,315	235	1,075
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	95	45	55	120	10	115
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	830	195	635	1,190	235	960
Physical and life sciences and technologies	100	55	40	255	110	145
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	45	25	20	95	30	60
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	30	20	15	100	45	55
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	15	0	15
40. Physical sciences	10	0	0	40	35	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	0	0	10	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	95	55	40	215	125	90
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	65	45	20	190	105	85
25. Library science	25	10	10	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	10	20	20	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,160	1,105	60	1,545	1,465	75
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	15	0	10
14. Engineering	110	95	10	70	65	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	200	175	25	235	195	35
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	295	295	10	525	520	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	390	385	0	455	435	20
48. Precision production	160	155	10	250	245	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	225	175	50	165	120	45
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	70	35	30	105	75	35
03. Natural resources and conservation	160	145	15	55	45	10
Health and related fields	1,025	170	855	1,215	140	1,070
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	70	20	50	85	45	40
51. Health professions and related programs	950	150	805	1,120	85	1,035
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	10	0	0	10	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	390	225	160	615	375	245
12. Personal and culinary services	225	70	155	255	60	195
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	45	35	10	75	55	20
49. Transportation and materials moving	120	120	0	280	255	30
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	5,350	2,450	2,900	8,740	4,315	4,430
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	1,925	955	975	3,780	2,185	1,595
Education	285	55	235	390	70	315
13. Education	285	55	235	390	70	320
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	140	80	60	90	50	45
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	30	25	0	20	10	15
50. Visual and performing arts	105	55	50	70	40	30
Humanities	105	35	75	190	90	100
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	30	10	30	35	15	25
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	20	0	15	25	10	15
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	10	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	25	0	15	70	30	35
54. History	25	10	20	40	25	10
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	20	10	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	330	85	245	370	85	280
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	10	0	35	10	25
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	95	0	90	120	10	110
22. Legal professions and studies	70	10	55	60	0	55
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	15	0	0	0
42. Psychology	50	20	30	70	25	50
45. Social sciences	90	45	45	85	45	40
Business, management and public administration	645	155	490	1,030	195	835
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	75	30	45	100	10	95
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	570	125	445	930	195	735
Physical and life sciences and technologies	40	15	25	180	75	110
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	20	10	10	85	30	60
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	10	50	25	25
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	10	15	0	15
40. Physical sciences	10	0	0	25	20	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	60	40	25	175	115	65
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	55	30	20	165	100	65
25. Library science	10	10	10	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	10	10	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	695	660	35	1,030	980	50
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	0	10	0	10
14. Engineering	55	50	10	25	20	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	105	95	10	195	170	25
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	175	170	0	390	385	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	265	255	10	255	245	10
48. Precision production	90	85	10	160	160	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	160	120	40	125	80	45
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	55	30	25	70	40	30
03. Natural resources and conservation	110	90	15	50	40	10
Health and related fields	700	115	585	900	100	805
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	45	15	30	50	25	25
51. Health professions and related programs	650	95	555	840	70	775
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	265	140	120	485	290	195
12. Personal and culinary services	160	40	120	200	45	150
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	35	25	10	65	50	20
49. Transportation and materials moving	70	75	0	220	195	20
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	9,080	4,265	4,815	14,195	6,990	7,210
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,940	1,860	2,075	7,410	3,995	3,410
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	5,140	2,400	2,735	6,790	2,990	3,800
Location of study inside Canada	4,605	2,160	2,445	6,465	2,800	3,665
Same as province or territory of residence	3,390	1,590	1,800	4,465	1,845	2,620
Different than province or territory of residence	1,220	575	645	2,000	955	1,045
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	530	240	295	325	190	130
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	150	70	75	170	100	70
Philippines	45	10	30	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	10	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	220	100	120	70	45	30
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	10	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other	120	60	55	75	50	25
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	5,350	2,450	2,900	8,745	4,310	4,430
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,930	955	970	3,775	2,185	1,595
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	3,425	1,495	1,925	4,965	2,130	2,835
Location of study inside Canada	3,190	1,395	1,795	4,740	1,995	2,745
Same as province or territory of residence	2,540	1,100	1,440	3,360	1,375	1,990
Different than province or territory of residence	645	300	350	1,380	620	760
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	235	95	135	225	130	90
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	65	40	25	100	55	45
Philippines	45	10	35	10	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	80	30	45	50	30	20
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	10
Other	40	15	30	65	45	15
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	9,080	4,265	4,815	14,195	6,985	7,210
In the labour force	5,000	2,520	2,480	9,390	4,880	4,510
Employed	4,630	2,325	2,305	7,920	4,070	3,850
Unemployed	365	195	175	1,475	805	665
Not in the labour force	4,080	1,745	2,335	4,810	2,110	2,700
Participation rate	55.1	59.1	51.5	66.2	69.9	62.6
Employment rate	51.0	54.5	47.9	55.8	58.3	53.4
Unemployment rate	7.3	7.7	7.1	15.7	16.5	14.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	9,080	4,265	4,815	14,200	6,985	7,210
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	3,825	1,615	2,210	4,105	1,795	2,310
Worked	5,260	2,650	2,605	10,095	5,190	4,900
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	2,490	1,405	1,085	3,750	1,890	1,860
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	2,765	1,240	1,525	6,345	3,305	3,040
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.0	42.5	41.4	36.2	35.4	37.1
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	5,000	2,520	2,480	9,390	4,875	4,515
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	110	50	55	145	75	65
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	4,890	2,465	2,425	9,250	4,800	4,450
Employee	4,170	2,075	2,095	7,970	3,930	4,045
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	720	395	330	1,275	870	405
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	5,000	2,515	2,480	9,390	4,875	4,510
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	110	50	55	140	80	60
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	4,890	2,470	2,420	9,250	4,800	4,450
0 Management occupations	505	290	220	800	490	310
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	695	145	550	910	230	685
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	265	230	35	370	245	120
3 Health occupations	365	45	320	655	75	575
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	625	225	400	860	210	650
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	155	45	115	130	45	85
6 Sales and service occupations	1,080	385	690	1,890	550	1,335
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	870	810	60	1,545	1,410	140
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	155	130	25	1,495	1,230	270
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	170	155	20	600	320	280
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	5,000	2,520	2,480	9,390	4,875	4,510
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	105	50	55	140	80	60
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	4,890	2,470	2,425	9,245	4,800	4,450
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	190	150	40	1,750	1,450	300
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	45	35	15	80	80	0
22 Utilities	55	45	10	25	20	0
23 Construction	355	300	55	700	590	105
31-33 Manufacturing	440	375	65	870	510	365
41 Wholesale trade	130	95	35	170	120	45
44-45 Retail trade	595	275	325	810	285	520
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	275	225	50	420	335	90
51 Information and cultural industries	75	40	40	65	20	45
52 Finance and insurance	175	50	120	125	25	105
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	100	35	60	70	40	30
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	290	130	165	330	120	210
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	0	10	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	210	95	110	260	145	110
61 Educational services	355	115	235	560	145	415
62 Health care and social assistance	580	80	500	980	125	855
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	65	15	45	225	80	145
72 Accommodation and food services	355	105	245	660	150	510
81 Other services (except public administration)	255	95	155	385	230	155
91 Public administration	340	195	145	745	315	430
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	4,635	2,325	2,305	7,920	4,070	3,845
Worked at home	405	170	235	600	360	240
Worked outside Canada	20	10	15	45	35	15
No fixed workplace address	775	560	215	1,400	1,090	310
Worked at usual place	3,435	1,590	1,845	5,870	2,585	3,285
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	3,435	1,590	1,845	5,875	2,585	3,285
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,010	355	650	910	490	420
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,040	545	490	3,265	1,380	1,890
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,345	655	695	1,530	620	915
Commute to a different province or territory	40	30	15	160	100	60
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	4,205	2,145	2,060	7,270	3,680	3,590
Car, truck, van - as a driver	3,665	1,860	1,805	6,295	3,145	3,150
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	175	85	90	575	275	300
Public transit	45	30	15	60	40	15
Walked	220	95	125	260	140	120
Bicycle	20	20	0	10	10	0
Other method	75	55	25	70	70	10
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	4,205	2,145	2,060	7,270	3,680	3,590
Less than 15 minutes	1,350	530	820	2,895	1,435	1,460
15 to 29 minutes	1,365	780	585	1,960	990	975
30 to 44 minutes	1,030	515	520	1,275	735	540
45 to 59 minutes	150	100	50	700	315	380
60 minutes and over	310	225	85	440	205	235
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	4,205	2,145	2,060	7,270	3,680	3,595
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	285	220	70	440	270	170
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	755	475	280	1,390	705	685
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,165	690	475	2,425	1,260	1,170
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	880	275	600	1,030	280	750
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	425	135	295	375	130	245
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	690	350	340	1,610	1,040	570
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	5,465	2,735	2,725	10,325	5,300	5,020
Single responses	5,460	2,735	2,720	10,295	5,290	5,005
Official languages	5,460	2,735	2,725	10,285	5,285	5,000
English	5,455	2,740	2,715	10,230	5,275	4,960
French	10	0	10	55	10	45
Non-official languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	15	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	10	0	10	25	10	15
English and French	0	0	0	15	10	10
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	5,465	2,740	2,730	10,320	5,300	5,025
None	5,410	2,730	2,685	10,150	5,215	4,935
English	10	0	10	25	10	15
French	15	0	15	100	40	60
Non-official language	25	0	20	50	40	0
Aboriginal	10	0	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	20	10	15	45	40	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	10,475	4,965	5,510	16,520	8,175	8,345
Non-movers	8,735	4,205	4,525	14,805	7,265	7,540
Movers	1,745	755	985	1,720	910	805
Non-migrants	790	355	440	700	370	335
Migrants	950	405	545	1,020	545	475
Internal migrants	940	405	530	935	490	440
Intraprovincial migrants	700	300	410	610	300	305
Interprovincial migrants	235	105	125	330	190	135
External migrants	15	10	10	80	55	30
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	10,085	4,775	5,315	15,865	7,830	8,030
Non-movers	5,995	2,900	3,095	11,940	5,890	6,060
Movers	4,090	1,875	2,215	3,925	1,950	1,975
Non-migrants	1,585	745	845	1,515	780	735
Migrants	2,505	1,135	1,375	2,410	1,170	1,245
Internal migrants	2,405	1,090	1,310	2,265	1,080	1,185
Intraprovincial migrants	1,785	805	980	1,440	645	795
Interprovincial migrants	620	285	330	825	435	390
External migrants	100	40	60	145	85	60

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Ladysmith [Population centre], British Columbia and Kings, CTY [Census division], Prince Edward Island (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 4, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Ladysmith [Population centre], British Columbia and Kings, County [Census division], Prince Edward Island

Census Profile, 2016 Census Ladysmith [Population centre], British Columbia and Kings, County [Census division], Prince Edward Island

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Ladysmith [Population centre], British Columbia and Kings, County [Census division], Prince Edward Island