Census Profile, 2016 Census
Lavaltrie [Population centre], Quebec and Dartmouth--Cole Harbour [Federal electoral district], Nova Scotia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Lavaltrie Quebec [Population centre]			Dartmouth--Cole Harbour Nova Scotia [Federal electoral district]
	Data quality , Lavaltrie [Population centre], Quebec Map : Lavaltrie [Population centre], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Dartmouth--Cole Harbour [Federal electoral district], Nova Scotia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	10,767	...	...	92,301	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	10,380 ^r	...	...	91,212	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	3.7	...	...	1.2	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	4,363	...	...	43,297	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	4,241	...	...	40,921	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,529.8	...	...	1,025.6	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	7.04	...	...	90.00	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	10,765	5,365	5,400	92,300	44,125	48,175
0 to 14 years	2,085	1,050	1,040	13,450	6,750	6,700
0 to 4 years	710	355	355	4,540	2,270	2,270
5 to 9 years	755	385	370	4,600	2,325	2,270
10 to 14 years	625	315	315	4,305	2,145	2,160
15 to 64 years	7,205	3,630	3,575	63,065	30,445	32,620
15 to 19 years	665	345	320	4,880	2,460	2,420
20 to 24 years	615	305	315	5,785	2,900	2,885
25 to 29 years	725	400	330	6,215	3,130	3,085
30 to 34 years	730	365	365	6,100	2,930	3,170
35 to 39 years	780	375	400	5,940	2,865	3,075
40 to 44 years	675	340	335	5,875	2,745	3,135
45 to 49 years	710	340	375	6,180	2,870	3,310
50 to 54 years	870	415	450	7,830	3,810	4,020
55 to 59 years	790	415	380	7,705	3,675	4,030
60 to 64 years	640	330	310	6,560	3,065	3,500
65 years and over	1,475	685	790	15,785	6,930	8,850
65 to 69 years	555	265	290	5,465	2,580	2,885
70 to 74 years	425	195	230	3,720	1,705	2,020
75 to 79 years	235	130	105	2,740	1,195	1,550
80 to 84 years	135	55	75	2,055	860	1,195
85 years and over	125	40	80	1,800	590	1,205
85 to 89 years	85	35	50	1,175	425	755
90 to 94 years	35	5	30	500	140	360
95 to 99 years	5	0	5	115	35	85
100 years and over	0	0	5	10	0	10
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	19.4	19.6	19.3	14.6	15.3	13.9
15 to 64 years	66.9	67.7	66.2	68.3	69.0	67.7
65 years and over	13.7	12.8	14.6	17.1	15.7	18.4
85 years and over	1.2	0.7	1.5	2.0	1.3	2.5
Average age of the population	38.6	38.1	39.1	42.2	41.2	43.2
Median age of the population	38.6	37.8	39.3	43.3	41.9	44.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	4,240	...	...	40,920	...	...
Single-detached house	3,185	...	...	19,225	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	2,530	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	985	...	...	18,845	...	...
Semi-detached house	100	...	...	3,970	...	...
Row house	80	...	...	1,930	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	160	...	...	1,225	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	610	...	...	11,690	...	...
Other single-attached house	35	...	...	30	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	70	...	...	320	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	4,240	...	...	40,920	...	...
1 person	975	...	...	12,900	...	...
2 persons	1,520	...	...	15,185	...	...
3 persons	770	...	...	6,335	...	...
4 persons	660	...	...	4,485	...	...
5 or more persons	315	...	...	2,015	...	...
Number of persons in private households	10,695	...	...	91,045	...	...
Average household size	2.5	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	8,680	4,315	4,365	78,850	37,380	41,475
Married or living common law	5,390	2,700	2,690	43,260	21,610	21,655
Married	2,645	1,325	1,320	34,380	17,175	17,200
Living common law	2,745	1,375	1,365	8,885	4,430	4,455
Not married and not living common law	3,285	1,620	1,670	35,590	15,770	19,820
Never married	2,320	1,280	1,040	22,990	11,730	11,265
Separated	130	55	75	2,650	1,135	1,515
Divorced	470	195	280	5,550	1,990	3,565
Widowed	365	85	275	4,395	915	3,485
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	3,210	...	...	26,465	...	...
2 persons	1,590	...	...	15,040	...	...
3 persons	735	...	...	5,910	...	...
4 persons	645	...	...	4,040	...	...
5 or more persons	240	...	...	1,475	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	3,210	...	...	26,465	...	...
Total couple families	2,680	...	...	21,320	...	...
Married couples	1,310	...	...	16,880	...	...
Common-law couples	1,375	...	...	4,445	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	530	...	...	5,140	...	...
Female parent	410	...	...	4,245	...	...
Male parent	120	...	...	895	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	2,680	...	...	21,320	...	...
Couples without children	1,300	...	...	11,780	...	...
Couples with children	1,380	...	...	9,545	...	...
1 child	555	...	...	4,485	...	...
2 children	595	...	...	3,685	...	...
3 or more children	230	...	...	1,375	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	525	...	...	5,140	...	...
1 child	290	...	...	3,260	...	...
2 children	180	...	...	1,420	...	...
3 or more children	60	...	...	455	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,465	770	695	19,300	8,780	10,525
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	4,240	...	...	40,920	...	...
One-census-family households	3,105	...	...	25,500	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	1,255	...	...	11,395	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	1,850	...	...	14,100	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	50	...	...	480	...	...
Non-census-family households	1,080	...	...	14,945	...	...
One-person households	975	...	...	12,905	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	110	...	...	2,045	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	10,760	5,365	5,400	91,335	43,635	47,695
English only	10	5	5	80,220	38,725	41,490
French only	7,445	3,495	3,955	150	65	95
English and French	3,305	1,865	1,440	10,730	4,750	5,985
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	230	100	135
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	10,760	5,360	5,400	91,335	43,635	47,695
English	120	65	55	88,090	42,060	46,035
French	10,610	5,285	5,325	2,790	1,380	1,410
English and French	25	5	20	225	105	125
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	225	100	130
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	135	70	65	2,900	1,430	1,470
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.3	1.3	1.2	3.2	3.3	3.1
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	10,760	5,360	5,400	91,335	43,635	47,700
Single responses	10,675	5,325	5,350	90,300	43,130	47,175
Official languages	10,525	5,250	5,280	86,105	41,030	45,075
English	105	60	50	83,220	39,605	43,610
French	10,415	5,185	5,235	2,885	1,425	1,460
Non-official languages	150	80	65	4,195	2,100	2,100
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	20	10	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	0	0	5	5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	5	5	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	15	10	5
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	5	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Non-Aboriginal languages	150	80	65	4,170	2,080	2,090
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	0	5	625	335	285
Berber languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	5	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	5	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	0	5	620	330	285
Amharic	0	0	0	0	5	0
Arabic	5	0	0	590	320	270
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	5	5
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	5	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	80	40	40
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	0	5	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	75	40	35
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	0	0	450	210	240
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	30	15	20
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	0	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	5	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	0	390	190	200
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole languages	5	5	5	15	10	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	5	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	5	5	5	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	115	65	50
Kannada	0	0	0	0	5	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	25	10	15
Tamil	0	0	0	25	15	10
Telugu	0	0	0	60	35	25
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	120	65	50	2,065	1,035	1,035
Albanian	0	0	0	40	20	25
Armenian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Balto-Slavic languages	10	10	5	400	200	205
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	5	5
Slavic languages	10	5	5	395	195	200
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Croatian	5	0	0	40	15	25
Czech	0	0	0	15	5	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	5	0	95	45	50
Russian	5	5	5	155	75	75
Serbian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Slovak	0	0	0	5	5	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	40	20	20
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	5	5	5
Welsh	0	0	0	5	5	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	0	5	375	170	205
Afrikaans	0	0	0	10	5	5
Danish	0	0	0	20	15	10
Dutch	0	0	0	80	45	40
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	5
German	5	0	0	220	90	125
Icelandic	0	0	0	10	5	5
Norwegian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Swedish	0	0	0	5	5	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	5	0	65	40	30
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	620	335	285
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	395	210	185
Bengali	0	0	0	60	40	25
Gujarati	0	0	0	25	15	10
Hindi	0	0	0	90	45	45
Kashmiri	0	0	0	5	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	5	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	25	10	10
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	100	55	45
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	25	10	10
Urdu	0	0	0	65	40	30
Iranian languages	0	0	0	225	125	100
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	10	5	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	210	110	95
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages	100	55	45	555	270	285
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	5
Italian	5	10	0	105	65	40
Portuguese	20	10	10	125	55	65
Romanian	5	5	5	30	15	10
Spanish	65	30	35	295	135	160
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	55	15	40
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	55	25	30
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	5	75	45	25
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	5	5	5
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	10	5	0
Lingala	5	0	0	0	0	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	0	0	0	0	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	10	10	5
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	5	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	15	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sign languages	0	5	0	35	15	15
American Sign Language	0	0	0	25	10	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	465	220	240
Chinese languages	0	0	0	460	220	240
Cantonese	0	0	0	165	80	90
Hakka	0	0	0	5	5	5
Mandarin	0	0	0	230	110	125
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	35	20	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	5	0	15	5	5
Lao	0	5	0	5	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	15	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	5	0	55	30	25
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	5	0
Turkish	0	5	0	55	25	25
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	5	0	5
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	55	25	35
Estonian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Finnish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Hungarian	0	0	0	50	25	25
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Multiple responses	85	35	50	1,030	510	525
English and French	55	25	35	450	205	245
English and non-official language	5	5	5	535	270	260
French and non-official language	20	10	15	25	10	15
English, French and non-official language	0	5	0	25	15	5
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	10,760	5,360	5,395	91,335	43,635	47,695
Single responses	10,680	5,330	5,345	89,865	42,925	46,940
Official languages	10,650	5,315	5,330	87,970	41,985	45,985
English	80	35	45	86,705	41,365	45,340
French	10,570	5,280	5,290	1,260	615	645
Non-official languages	25	10	15	1,895	940	955
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	5	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	5	5	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	25	10	15	1,890	940	955
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	310	155	160
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	305	150	155
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	300	145	155
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	5	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	40	15	25
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	40	15	25
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	255	130	130
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	20	5	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	240	120	110
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	65	35	25
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tamil	0	0	0	5	5	5
Telugu	0	0	0	40	25	15
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	25	10	15	795	400	395
Albanian	0	0	0	15	5	5
Armenian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	5	0	135	65	75
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	0	5	135	60	70
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	10	5	0
Czech	0	0	0	10	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	25	10	15
Russian	0	0	0	65	30	35
Serbian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	5	5	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	65	35	30
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	5	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	5
Dutch	0	0	0	5	5	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	35	20	15
Icelandic	0	0	0	10	5	5
Norwegian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	20	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	345	180	165
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	190	100	90
Bengali	0	0	0	35	15	15
Gujarati	0	0	0	5	5	5
Hindi	0	0	0	50	25	25
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	20	10	10
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	40	20	20
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Urdu	0	0	0	30	25	15
Iranian languages	0	0	0	155	80	70
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	5	5
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	150	80	70
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	25	10	10	205	95	115
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Portuguese	5	5	5	45	20	30
Romanian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Spanish	15	5	10	140	65	75
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	20	5	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	25	15	15
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	50	20	30
American Sign Language	0	0	0	30	10	20
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	20	5	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	285	140	140
Chinese languages	0	0	0	280	140	145
Cantonese	0	0	0	85	45	45
Hakka	0	0	0	5	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	150	75	80
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	15	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	35	15	15
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	30	15	15
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	5	5	5
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	85	30	55	1,470	710	760
English and French	35	15	25	330	145	185
English and non-official language	0	0	0	1,080	530	545
French and non-official language	45	20	25	10	5	5
English, French and non-official language	5	0	5	50	25	25
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	10,760	5,360	5,400	91,330	43,635	47,695
None	10,140	5,045	5,095	86,050	41,175	44,875
English	445	240	205	1,445	720	725
French	70	30	35	1,985	835	1,145
Non-official language	95	40	60	1,750	855	895
Aboriginal	0	0	0	40	20	25
Non-Aboriginal	95	40	55	1,710	840	870
English and French	0	0	0	25	15	10
English and non-official language	10	10	5	25	10	10
French and non-official language	0	0	5	60	25	35
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	8,615	4,305	4,310	77,620	36,780	40,845
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	8,225	4,130	4,095	74,855	35,480	39,370
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,038	41,114	27,112	36,145	43,332	30,852
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	8,230	4,135	4,095	74,885	35,480	39,400
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,304	35,579	25,054	31,672	37,045	27,673
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	7,315	3,810	3,500	67,500	32,780	34,720
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,069	37,589	23,040	34,542	41,526	28,734
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	6,315	2,945	3,365	52,350	21,745	30,605
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,777	6,878	8,352	6,053	5,724	6,244
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	6,210	3,275	2,935	55,240	27,570	27,670
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,566	39,424	25,008	34,317	39,580	30,125
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	8,545	4,255	4,295	77,650	36,750	40,900
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	8,185	4,095	4,090	74,860	35,390	39,470
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,750	46,278	31,212	44,544	52,869	37,079
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	8,190	4,095	4,095	74,905	35,405	39,500
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,658	38,082	27,233	36,409	42,364	31,071
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	7,310	3,775	3,535	67,445	32,635	34,810
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,764	43,588	27,399	43,624	52,567	35,240
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	6,275	2,960	3,315	52,390	21,590	30,795
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,893	8,417	9,318	7,491	7,209	7,689
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	6,180	3,195	2,990	55,260	27,505	27,750
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,652	44,137	28,652	42,525	49,326	35,783
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	8,545	4,255	4,295	77,645	36,745	40,900
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	2,775	1,485	1,290	29,450	15,810	13,640
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	43,248	50,802	35,253	50,124	55,607	45,624
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	48,573	56,272	39,726	58,350	64,614	51,088
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	82.0	86.8	75.3	88.1	91.5	83.8
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	70.6	74.1	65.4	70.6	73.2	67.4
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	18.0	13.3	24.8	11.9	8.5	16.2
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	8,620	4,305	4,310	77,620	36,780	40,840
Without total income	390	170	215	2,770	1,305	1,470
With total income	8,225	4,130	4,095	74,850	35,480	39,375
Percentage with total income	95.4	95.9	95.0	96.4	96.5	96.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	930	370	565	9,465	4,065	5,400
$10,000 to $19,999	1,415	515	905	11,700	4,345	7,355
$20,000 to $29,999	1,275	530	745	10,240	3,810	6,425
$30,000 to $39,999	1,245	590	660	9,630	4,130	5,500
$40,000 to $49,999	1,060	565	495	8,550	3,990	4,560
$50,000 to $59,999	800	495	305	6,565	3,395	3,175
$60,000 to $69,999	545	365	180	5,040	2,950	2,095
$70,000 to $79,999	370	270	110	4,095	2,400	1,690
$80,000 to $89,999	240	170	70	3,245	1,885	1,365
$90,000 to $99,999	115	85	30	1,925	1,290	635
$100,000 and over	225	185	40	4,395	3,220	1,165
$100,000 to $149,999	180	150	25	3,245	2,335	915
$150,000 and over	50	35	15	1,145	885	260
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	8,615	4,305	4,310	77,620	36,780	40,845
Without after-tax income	385	170	215	2,735	1,295	1,440
With after-tax income	8,230	4,130	4,095	74,885	35,485	39,405
Percentage with after-tax income	95.5	95.9	95.0	96.5	96.5	96.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	960	380	585	10,045	4,135	5,905
$10,000 to $19,999	1,515	565	955	12,525	4,755	7,770
$20,000 to $29,999	1,595	660	930	12,740	4,970	7,775
$30,000 to $39,999	1,580	820	760	12,030	5,380	6,650
$40,000 to $49,999	1,155	715	435	9,470	4,775	4,700
$50,000 to $59,999	725	485	240	6,760	4,030	2,730
$60,000 to $69,999	375	260	110	4,980	2,940	2,035
$70,000 to $79,999	155	115	45	2,610	1,735	875
$80,000 and over	170	135	35	3,735	2,765	970
$80,000 to $89,999	75	60	15	1,370	965	405
$90,000 to $99,999	30	30	5	775	565	210
$100,000 and over	60	45	15	1,595	1,240	355
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	8,615	4,305	4,315	77,620	36,780	40,840
Without employment income	2,410	1,030	1,375	22,385	9,210	13,170
With employment income	6,210	3,275	2,930	55,240	27,570	27,670
Percentage with employment income	72.1	76.1	67.9	71.2	75.0	67.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	715	345	370	6,705	3,085	3,620
$5,000 to $9,999	460	180	275	4,220	1,850	2,370
$10,000 to $19,999	955	390	570	7,115	3,080	4,040
$20,000 to $29,999	855	360	490	6,730	2,970	3,755
$30,000 to $39,999	850	380	470	6,500	2,925	3,570
$40,000 to $49,999	700	405	300	5,630	2,605	3,025
$50,000 to $59,999	520	345	175	4,415	2,245	2,170
$60,000 to $69,999	400	295	110	3,490	2,015	1,470
$70,000 to $79,999	315	225	90	3,115	1,785	1,325
$80,000 and over	440	355	85	7,330	5,010	2,320
$80,000 to $89,999	180	145	35	2,615	1,520	1,095
$90,000 to $99,999	90	65	25	1,535	1,060	475
$100,000 and over	170	145	25	3,175	2,425	755
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	4,245	...	...	40,920	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	67,904	...	...	67,547	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	58,786	...	...	57,584	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	975	...	...	12,905	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,136	...	...	35,365	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,150	...	...	30,930	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	3,265	...	...	28,020	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	78,336	...	...	86,345	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	67,174	...	...	72,934	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	4,200	...	...	40,935	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	75,485	...	...	81,459	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	63,660	...	...	66,619	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	990	...	...	12,960	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,280	...	...	41,793	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,581	...	...	34,538	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	3,210	...	...	27,980	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	86,351	...	...	99,830	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	72,944	...	...	81,476	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	4,245	...	...	40,925	...	...
Under $5,000	25	...	...	535	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	35	...	...	720	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	55	...	...	1,460	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	155	...	...	1,555	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	165	...	...	1,675	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	120	...	...	1,610	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	250	...	...	1,795	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	210	...	...	1,815	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	195	...	...	1,880	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	220	...	...	1,775	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	390	...	...	3,275	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	370	...	...	3,140	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	400	...	...	3,025	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	330	...	...	2,675	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	290	...	...	2,330	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,030	...	...	11,660	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	535	...	...	4,315	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	265	...	...	2,910	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	165	...	...	2,820	...	...
$200,000 and over	65	...	...	1,615	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	4,240	...	...	40,925	...	...
Under $5,000	25	...	...	570	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	40	...	...	725	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	55	...	...	1,475	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	155	...	...	1,700	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	190	...	...	1,970	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	170	...	...	2,100	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	280	...	...	2,275	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	260	...	...	2,260	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	260	...	...	2,200	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	265	...	...	2,050	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	475	...	...	4,120	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	505	...	...	3,910	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	400	...	...	3,190	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	385	...	...	2,685	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	265	...	...	2,220	...	...
$100,000 and over	505	...	...	7,475	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	315	...	...	3,780	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	120	...	...	1,905	...	...
$150,000 and over	75	...	...	1,795	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	3,185	...	...	26,380	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	78,303	...	...	86,798	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	67,144	...	...	73,128	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	1,215	...	...	11,115	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,736	...	...	83,475	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	58,990	...	...	70,213	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	1,390	...	...	9,670	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,914	...	...	113,620	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	82,739	...	...	94,367	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	500	...	...	4,855	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,008	...	...	48,589	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,296	...	...	44,388	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	3,110	...	...	26,360	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	86,731	...	...	100,415	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	73,115	...	...	81,768	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	1,220	...	...	11,115	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	76,645	...	...	97,913	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	64,343	...	...	79,285	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	1,385	...	...	9,735	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	105,849	...	...	125,416	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	88,572	...	...	100,943	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	470	...	...	4,790	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,492	...	...	54,933	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	50,085	...	...	47,922	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	1,245	670	575	17,510	8,105	9,410
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	31,872	37,120	26,240	32,943	33,995	31,971
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	28,576	32,320	24,555	29,066	29,715	28,606
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	1,305	690	605	17,510	8,000	9,515
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	36,367	41,566	30,449	39,255	40,632	38,098
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	30,741	34,095	26,922	32,635	33,336	32,045
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	10,695	5,350	5,345	91,050	43,515	47,530
In the bottom half of the distribution	6,400	3,100	3,295	46,620	21,435	25,180
In the bottom decile	710	325	390	9,905	4,580	5,325
In the second decile	1,135	500	630	8,525	3,640	4,890
In the third decile	1,430	705	725	9,090	4,165	4,930
In the fourth decile	1,595	775	820	9,405	4,425	4,980
In the fifth decile	1,525	790	730	9,695	4,625	5,070
In the top half of the distribution	4,300	2,250	2,055	44,430	22,080	22,350
In the sixth decile	1,550	805	740	10,250	4,960	5,295
In the seventh decile	1,200	615	585	9,740	4,890	4,855
In the eighth decile	805	430	375	9,990	4,960	5,030
In the ninth decile	505	265	235	8,945	4,530	4,410
In the top decile	240	125	115	5,500	2,735	2,760
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	10,700	5,350	5,350	90,845	43,430	47,415
0 to 17 years	2,510	1,280	1,230	16,135	8,080	8,055
0 to 5 years	850	425	425	5,475	2,745	2,730
18 to 64 years	6,775	3,395	3,380	59,695	28,670	31,025
65 years and over	1,410	675	735	15,015	6,680	8,335
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,215	535	680	13,150	5,785	7,360
0 to 17 years	375	180	195	3,370	1,685	1,680
0 to 5 years	125	60	65	1,300	625	670
18 to 64 years	625	280	345	8,220	3,580	4,640
65 years and over	210	75	140	1,560	525	1,035
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	11.4	10.0	12.7	14.5	13.3	15.5
0 to 17 years (%)	14.9	14.1	15.9	20.9	20.9	20.9
0 to 5 years (%)	14.7	14.1	15.3	23.7	22.8	24.5
18 to 64 years (%)	9.2	8.2	10.2	13.8	12.5	15.0
65 years and over (%)	14.9	11.1	19.0	10.4	7.9	12.4
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	435	205	225	8,415	3,960	4,455
0 to 17 years	120	55	65	1,920	970	950
0 to 5 years	35	20	15	770	390	375
18 to 64 years	290	140	150	6,120	2,850	3,270
65 years and over	15	5	10	375	140	230
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.1	3.8	4.2	9.3	9.1	9.4
0 to 17 years (%)	4.8	4.3	5.3	11.9	12.0	11.8
0 to 5 years (%)	4.1	4.7	3.5	14.1	14.2	13.7
18 to 64 years (%)	4.3	4.1	4.4	10.3	9.9	10.5
65 years and over (%)	1.1	0.7	1.4	2.5	2.1	2.8
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	10,560	5,240	5,320	91,085	43,500	47,580
Official languages	10,560	5,240	5,320	90,885	43,440	47,450
English	3,250	1,805	1,445	90,700	43,370	47,330
French	10,550	5,240	5,315	10,960	5,045	5,915
Non-official languages	335	180	155	6,520	3,065	3,455
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	70	35	35
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	60	25	35
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	55	25	30
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	55	25	35
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	10	10	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	335	180	155	6,445	3,030	3,415
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	0	15	900	485	415
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	15	0	20	900	485	415
Amharic	0	0	0	10	0	10
Arabic	20	0	15	835	440	395
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	30	20	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	10	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	10	0	40	15	30
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	10	0	35	10	25
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	635	280	355
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	30	15	15
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ilocano	0	0	0	25	0	25
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	15	10	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	605	255	350
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Creole languages	10	0	0	30	10	15
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	10	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	0	0	15	10	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	135	65	70
Kannada	0	0	0	15	10	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tamil	0	0	0	40	25	15
Telugu	0	0	0	70	35	35
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	280	145	130	3,555	1,685	1,870
Albanian	0	0	0	55	25	30
Armenian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	10	10	475	210	265
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Slavic languages	10	10	0	460	205	260
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	70	25	45
Czech	0	0	0	0	10	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	75	20	55
Russian	10	10	10	235	120	115
Serbian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Slovak	0	0	0	10	0	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	0	0	50	25	25
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	55	35	20
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	35	15	20
Welsh	0	0	0	10	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	25	10
Germanic languages	0	10	0	700	320	380
Afrikaans	0	0	0	45	15	25
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	150	75	75
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	10
German	0	10	0	480	225	250
Icelandic	0	0	0	20	10	10
Norwegian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Swedish	0	0	0	15	0	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	15	10	10	95	50	55
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	835	435	395
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	580	310	265
Bengali	0	0	0	70	35	35
Gujarati	0	0	0	20	15	10
Hindi	0	0	0	285	170	115
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	10	10	10
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	225	125	100
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	30	15	15
Urdu	0	0	0	170	95	75
Iranian languages	0	0	0	260	125	130
Kurdish	0	0	0	25	0	15
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	230	120	115
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	15	10
Italic (Romance) languages	255	135	120	1,460	670	785
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	35	15	20	240	125	115
Portuguese	30	25	0	215	105	110
Romanian	10	0	0	20	20	0
Spanish	200	100	105	1,040	450	595
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	15	10
Japanese	0	10	0	115	30	85
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	120	50	70
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	0	0	215	135	80
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ga	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ganda	0	0	0	10	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lingala	0	0	10	20	10	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	70	40	25
Wolof	0	0	0	10	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	60	40	25
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	60	45	20
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	0	0	275	100	180
American Sign Language	0	0	0	155	55	100
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	120	40	80
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	485	215	275
Chinese languages	0	0	0	485	215	270
Cantonese	0	0	0	245	95	150
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	255	110	145
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	30	15	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	20	10	15
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	40	20	20
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	0	40	30	15
Lao	0	10	0	10	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	35	25	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	10	0	80	30	50
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	10	0	85	30	50
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	10	0	10
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	45	15	25
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	40	15	25
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	10,560	5,240	5,320	91,085	43,500	47,580
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	10,510	5,235	5,275	88,585	42,310	46,275
Canadian citizens aged under 18	2,420	1,200	1,215	15,930	8,010	7,920
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	8,090	4,035	4,060	72,650	34,300	38,355
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	50	10	40	2,500	1,190	1,310
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	10,560	5,245	5,315	91,080	43,500	47,585
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	10,335	5,160	5,175	84,070	40,140	43,930
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	220	85	140	6,570	3,100	3,475
Before 1981	85	40	40	2,365	1,145	1,225
1981 to 1990	15	10	10	645	300	345
1991 to 2000	60	30	35	855	375	480
2001 to 2010	55	10	45	1,400	680	720
2001 to 2005	20	0	15	570	290	275
2006 to 2010	30	10	25	830	385	445
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	10	0	15	1,305	605	700
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	10	0	10	435	255	180
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	225	85	140	6,570	3,100	3,475
Under 5 years	20	15	10	865	320	540
5 to 14 years	50	10	40	1,205	635	565
15 to 24 years	70	35	35	1,315	565	745
25 to 44 years	70	25	40	2,780	1,410	1,375
45 years and over	15	0	15	410	170	240
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	220	85	140	6,575	3,100	3,475
Americas	90	35	50	1,100	515	585
Brazil	0	0	0	30	15	20
Colombia	10	0	15	40	30	10
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	30	15	15
Haiti	10	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	80	30	45
Mexico	0	0	10	65	35	30
Peru	0	0	0	10	10	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	75	35	35
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	25	10	15	560	240	320
Other places of birth in Americas	35	25	10	215	110	105
Europe	105	40	65	2,535	1,230	1,305
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	65	40	25
Croatia	0	0	0	30	10	20
France	55	15	35	60	35	30
Germany	0	0	0	215	90	125
Greece	0	0	0	45	25	25
Hungary	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	50	20	35
Italy	10	10	0	100	60	45
Netherlands	0	0	0	95	40	50
Poland	0	0	0	65	10	55
Portugal	10	0	0	90	50	45
Romania	10	0	0	10	10	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	75	30	45
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	30	20	15
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	1,410	710	700
Other places of birth in Europe	20	10	15	160	70	90
Africa	25	10	15	440	225	215
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	10	0	0	35	15	20
Ethiopia	0	0	0	25	10	15
Kenya	0	0	0	20	10	10
Morocco	10	0	10	30	20	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	90	50	40
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	80	30	50
Other places of birth in Africa	10	10	10	160	85	70
Asia	10	0	0	2,455	1,115	1,345
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	35	20	15
China^{Census data footnote 59}	10	0	0	295	90	205
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	50	20	30
India	0	0	0	430	220	210
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	160	80	75
Iraq	0	0	0	10	10	0
Japan	0	0	0	20	0	15
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	65	20	40
Lebanon	0	0	0	260	125	135
Pakistan	0	0	0	80	40	45
Philippines	0	0	0	595	265	330
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	30	10	25
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	60	25	35
Taiwan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Viet Nam	0	0	0	40	10	25
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	315	165	150
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	40	20	25
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	10	0	15	1,305	605	700
Americas	0	0	0	220	100	125
Brazil	0	0	0	25	15	10
Colombia	0	0	0	10	0	10
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	30	15	15
Mexico	0	0	0	20	10	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	80	35	50
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	50	25	25
Europe	10	0	0	195	105	95
France	10	0	0	10	10	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	10	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	15	0	15
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	90	55	40
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	10	55	20	35
Africa	10	0	0	120	65	60
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	10	0	10
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	10	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	20	15	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	45	20	25
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	15	0	10
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	30	20	10
Asia	0	0	0	760	335	425
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	10	10	10
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	30	10	20
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	140	70	70
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	50	20	25
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	10	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	20	10	15
Philippines	0	0	0	365	175	195
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	15	10	10
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	45	20	30
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	10	10	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	40	10	30
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	10,560	5,240	5,320	91,080	43,500	47,585
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	265	115	155	7,675	3,670	4,005
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	440	240	205	8,810	4,210	4,600
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	9,850	4,890	4,965	74,605	35,620	38,980
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	155	50	100	4,290	1,995	2,295
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	45	20	25	2,430	1,180	1,250
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	25	20	0	945	615	330
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	20	0	20	1,485	560	920
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	90	15	75	1,560	640	915
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	20	15	0	285	165	120
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	10	10	0	15	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	10,560	5,240	5,315	91,085	43,500	47,580
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	185	85	95	4,245	1,970	2,275
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	170	80	90	4,080	1,890	2,190
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	70	20	45	2,265	1,050	1,215
Métis	100	55	45	1,710	805	905
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	105	35	70
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	65	35	30
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	10	0	0	100	45	55
Non-Aboriginal identity	10,380	5,155	5,225	86,840	41,530	45,310
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	10,560	5,245	5,320	91,080	43,500	47,580
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	40	20	15	1,030	480	545
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	10,525	5,220	5,305	90,050	43,015	47,035
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	10,565	5,245	5,315	91,080	43,500	47,585
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	110	40	70	670	320	350
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	110	40	70	660	315	345
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	80	25	55	475	235	240
Métis single ancestry	30	10	20	135	70	65
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	50	0	45
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	10	0	10	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	310	180	130	6,170	2,750	3,415
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	310	180	135	5,870	2,620	3,250
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	275	155	115	4,320	1,930	2,390
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	35	20	10	1,400	630	770
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	150	65	85
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	295	130	165
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	255	105	145
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	30	20	10
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	10,135	5,025	5,115	84,250	40,430	43,820
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	10,560	5,245	5,315	91,080	43,500	47,580
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	165	70	90	8,430	4,045	4,390
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	1,000	510	490
Chinese	0	0	10	810	360	455
Black	50	30	20	4,115	2,015	2,100
Filipino	0	0	0	745	325	420
Latin American	55	20	40	275	135	140
Arab	15	0	15	580	315	265
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	20	10	10	105	45	65
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	225	115	110
Korean	0	0	0	105	45	65
Japanese	0	0	0	80	25	60
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	140	70	75
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	10	10	0	235	95	145
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	10,400	5,170	5,230	82,650	39,455	43,195
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	10,565	5,245	5,320	91,080	43,500	47,580
North American Aboriginal origins	425	220	200	6,830	3,070	3,765
First Nations (North American Indian)	360	190	175	5,095	2,295	2,790
Inuit	0	0	0	245	95	150
Métis	65	35	30	1,800	810	990
Other North American origins	8,640	4,275	4,365	39,870	18,870	21,000
Acadian	55	35	25	2,460	1,105	1,355
American	75	30	50	860	435	430
Canadian	8,245	4,075	4,165	37,260	17,735	19,525
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	10	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	290	110	185
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	220	90	125
Ontarian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Québécois	405	205	200	75	25	50
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	15	0	10
European origins	3,510	1,770	1,740	64,720	31,020	33,705
British Isles origins	815	390	425	54,470	25,955	28,515
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	10	0	10
English	180	70	110	29,180	13,860	15,320
Irish	575	285	295	22,640	10,535	12,105
Manx	0	0	0	20	10	10
Scottish	110	45	60	27,010	12,670	14,345
Welsh	0	0	0	2,095	980	1,110
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	15	10	10	2,745	1,285	1,465
French origins	2,545	1,265	1,275	15,925	7,435	8,490
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	2,540	1,270	1,275	15,925	7,435	8,490
Western European origins (except French origins)	150	85	65	13,015	6,065	6,950
Austrian	0	0	0	210	110	95
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	55	20	35	290	130	155
Dutch	10	10	0	3,010	1,325	1,685
Flemish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	10	0	0
German	50	35	15	10,410	4,885	5,525
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	45	25	15	295	150	145
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	35	15	20
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	10	10	0	1,990	960	1,030
Danish	0	0	0	530	235	295
Finnish	0	0	0	155	65	85
Icelandic	0	0	0	130	65	60
Norwegian	10	10	0	665	330	340
Swedish	0	0	0	440	215	220
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	155	85	70
Eastern European origins	70	45	25	3,255	1,580	1,675
Bulgarian	0	0	0	50	30	20
Byelorussian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	125	65	55
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	10	10	10
Estonian	0	0	0	10	0	15
Hungarian	0	0	0	345	180	170
Latvian	0	0	0	65	25	40
Lithuanian	0	0	0	75	40	35
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	10	10	1,150	510	640
Romanian	20	15	0	85	40	45
Russian	10	10	0	495	225	270
Slovak	10	0	10	55	30	25
Ukrainian	25	15	10	1,165	610	555
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	20	10	15
Southern European origins	365	150	215	3,730	1,845	1,885
Albanian	0	0	0	60	35	30
Bosnian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	185	80	105
Cypriot	0	0	0	10	0	10
Greek	40	20	20	330	160	170
Italian	235	95	145	1,840	975	860
Kosovar	0	0	0	20	10	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	75	45	30
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	65	35	30	615	270	350
Serbian	0	0	0	45	15	30
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Spanish	45	15	30	615	280	330
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	55	25	30
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	15	15	0	815	425	390
Basque	0	10	0	35	20	15
Jewish	10	10	10	225	115	110
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	30	25	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	540	275	270
Caribbean origins	40	15	20	945	470	470
Antiguan	0	0	0	30	10	25
Bahamian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Barbadian	0	0	0	140	80	60
Bermudan	0	0	0	35	10	25
Carib	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cuban	20	10	10	75	30	45
Dominican	0	10	0	40	20	20
Grenadian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	15	10	10	20	10	20
Jamaican	0	0	0	325	185	140
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	15	0	15
St. Lucian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	40	30	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	160	75	80
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	120	60	50
Latin, Central and South American origins	75	35	45	550	275	275
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	50	35	20
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	15	15	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	40	15	25
Chilean	10	10	0	50	25	25
Colombian	10	0	10	75	40	35
Costa Rican	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ecuadorian	10	0	10	10	0	0
Guatemalan	15	15	0	40	30	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	40	15	25
Hispanic	0	0	0	20	10	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	25	10	10
Mexican	35	10	30	180	90	90
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	10	10	10
Panamanian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Venezuelan	0	0	0	15	15	10
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	10	10	10
African origins	45	15	30	3,100	1,475	1,625
Central and West African origins	10	0	10	180	95	85
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	35	25	15
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	30	15	10
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	65	25	35
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	10	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	25	10	15
North African origins	20	10	10	155	80	70
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	10	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	100	50	45
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	20	10	15	40	15	25
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	10	10	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	220	110	115
Afrikaner	0	0	0	10	0	10
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	30	15	15
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	70	35	35
Tanzanian	0	0	0	30	20	10
Tigrian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	35	15	15
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	10	10	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	20	0	0
Other African origins	25	10	15	2,600	1,210	1,380
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	405	210	200
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	25	10	15	2,215	1,015	1,205
Asian origins	40	25	25	5,050	2,300	2,745
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	20	10	15	1,890	885	1,000
Afghan	0	0	0	10	10	10
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	10	0	10	30	15	15
Armenian	10	0	0	25	15	10
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	255	125	135
Iraqi	0	0	0	30	10	20
Israeli	0	0	0	15	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	25	0	20
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	15	0	15
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	1,090	520	570
Palestinian	0	0	0	105	50	55
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	10	175	85	95
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	150	70	75
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	65	30	35
South Asian origins	0	0	0	1,075	550	525
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	0	0	915	470	440
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	60	25	35
Punjabi	0	0	0	25	10	15
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	40	15	20
Tamil	0	0	0	25	10	20
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	35	20	15
East and Southeast Asian origins	25	15	10	2,080	875	1,205
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	10	0	0	10	0	15
Chinese	10	10	0	1,065	440	625
Filipino	0	0	0	760	330	430
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Japanese	0	0	0	100	25	80
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	105	45	60
Laotian	10	0	0	0	0	10
Malaysian	0	0	0	20	10	15
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	20	10	20
Thai	0	0	0	25	10	10
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	10	0	70	25	45
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	55	25	30
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	55	25	30
Oceania origins	0	0	0	135	60	75
Australian	0	0	0	75	30	50
New Zealander	0	0	0	50	25	30
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	10	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	4,205	...	...	40,935	...	...
Owner	3,260	...	...	23,270	...	...
Renter	940	...	...	17,655	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	4,200	...	...	40,935	...	...
Condominium	190	...	...	2,045	...	...
Not condominium	4,010	...	...	38,890	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	4,200	...	...	40,935	...	...
No bedrooms	10	...	...	115	...	...
1 bedroom	290	...	...	6,030	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,385	...	...	10,405	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,500	...	...	15,130	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,020	...	...	9,250	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	4,200	...	...	40,940	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	980	...	...	10,655	...	...
5 rooms	620	...	...	5,525	...	...
6 rooms	700	...	...	5,880	...	...
7 rooms	635	...	...	5,415	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,265	...	...	13,460	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.4	...	...	6.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	4,205	...	...	40,935	...	...
One person or fewer per room	4,185	...	...	40,760	...	...
More than 1 person per room	20	...	...	175	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	4,205	...	...	40,940	...	...
Suitable	4,105	...	...	39,660	...	...
Not suitable	100	...	...	1,275	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	4,200	...	...	40,935	...	...
1960 or before	340	...	...	8,540	...	...
1961 to 1980	640	...	...	14,720	...	...
1981 to 1990	920	...	...	7,095	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,055	...	...	4,240	...	...
2001 to 2005	425	...	...	2,290	...	...
2006 to 2010	535	...	...	1,990	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	285	...	...	2,070	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	4,200	...	...	40,935	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	4,045	...	...	38,025	...	...
Major repairs needed	155	...	...	2,910	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	4,200	...	...	40,935	...	...
1 household maintainer	2,285	...	...	24,575	...	...
2 household maintainers	1,870	...	...	15,555	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	50	...	...	810	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	4,205	...	...	40,935	...	...
15 to 24 years	120	...	...	1,395	...	...
25 to 34 years	650	...	...	5,965	...	...
35 to 44 years	870	...	...	6,695	...	...
45 to 54 years	890	...	...	8,345	...	...
55 to 64 years	800	...	...	8,505	...	...
65 to 74 years	600	...	...	5,670	...	...
75 to 84 years	225	...	...	3,315	...	...
85 years and over	45	...	...	1,040	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	4,200	...	...	40,775	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	3,380	...	...	30,510	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	815	...	...	10,270	...	...
30% to less than 100%	750	...	...	9,200	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,260	...	...	23,265	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	75.6	...	...	62.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	13.7	...	...	11.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,141	...	...	1,146	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,105	...	...	1,200	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	210,124	...	...	250,237	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	232,853	...	...	269,119	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	940	...	...	17,560	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	4.3	...	...	8.3	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	39.4	...	...	43.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	782	...	...	873	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	809	...	...	967	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	8,545	4,250	4,290	77,650	36,745	40,905
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,170	1,210	960	12,035	5,975	6,055
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	2,230	1,075	1,150	20,535	10,480	10,055
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,145	1,960	2,185	45,075	20,290	24,785
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,130	1,280	850	6,070	3,995	2,080
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,485	745	740	3,565	2,020	1,540
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	650	535	110	2,505	1,970	535
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,285	405	875	17,895	7,125	10,770
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	150	50	105	1,880	730	1,150
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	580	225	350	19,235	8,440	10,790
Bachelor's degree	445	170	275	13,385	5,780	7,605
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	45	15	30	1,150	535	620
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	10	0	275	145	135
Master's degree	70	25	50	3,890	1,645	2,245
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	10	10	0	530	345	185
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	5,825	2,920	2,905	51,920	24,635	27,285
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,045	640	405	4,605	2,460	2,150
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	1,505	760	745	12,425	6,480	5,950
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,275	1,520	1,755	34,890	15,695	19,195
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,690	975	715	4,375	2,935	1,445
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,190	555	635	2,585	1,525	1,060
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	500	420	80	1,795	1,410	380
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	995	325	670	13,535	5,660	7,870
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	125	45	80	1,265	505	760
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	465	175	285	15,710	6,595	9,120
Bachelor's degree	360	135	230	11,130	4,710	6,420
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	30	10	20	875	370	500
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	10	0	215	95	120
Master's degree	55	15	40	3,135	1,205	1,920
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	10	10	0	365	205	160
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	8,545	4,250	4,295	77,645	36,750	40,905
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	4,395	2,285	2,110	32,570	16,450	16,115
Education	295	80	215	3,140	845	2,300
13. Education	295	80	215	3,140	845	2,295
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	95	50	45	1,305	640	665
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	15	0	265	215	45
50. Visual and performing arts	75	35	40	1,040	425	620
Humanities	170	70	95	2,175	890	1,285
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	0	150	50	100
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	650	210	440
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	125	55	70	435	135	295
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	15	10	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	10	10	105	75	25
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	0	0	210	135	75
54. History	0	0	0	505	260	245
55. French language and literature/letters	20	0	15	110	20	90
Social and behavioural sciences and law	310	50	260	5,050	1,590	3,460
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	75	10	65
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	20	10	15	370	160	205
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	135	10	130	970	90	880
22. Legal professions and studies	55	10	40	765	170	595
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	0	65	10	60
42. Psychology	45	0	45	1,090	290	800
45. Social sciences	50	20	30	1,710	860	850
Business, management and public administration	705	130	575	11,155	3,595	7,560
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	30	0	25
44. Public administration and social service professions	30	10	30	695	185	515
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	675	125	545	10,435	3,410	7,020
Physical and life sciences and technologies	55	40	20	2,005	970	1,040
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	10	800	280	520
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	480	190	290
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	15	15	0	15	0	15
40. Physical sciences	15	15	0	620	460	160
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	10	0	95	40	55
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	70	50	25	2,165	1,305	860
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	60	45	20	1,770	1,185	585
25. Library science	0	0	0	195	15	185
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0	180	90	90
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	15	15	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,260	1,135	120	8,090	7,470	620
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	10	160	95	60
14. Engineering	45	45	0	1,510	1,300	205
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	120	90	30	1,875	1,710	160
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	450	425	20	1,910	1,855	60
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	390	365	25	1,815	1,720	95
48. Precision production	240	210	35	820	790	35
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	55	20	35	490	285	210
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	40	15	25	240	125	110
03. Natural resources and conservation	20	10	0	250	160	95
Health and related fields	535	65	470	6,135	865	5,260
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	15	0	10	370	165	205
51. Health professions and related programs	520	60	460	5,675	640	5,035
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	80	65	20
Personal, protective and transportation services	600	275	325	3,360	1,830	1,525
12. Personal and culinary services	340	60	285	1,940	570	1,370
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	45	45	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	200	190	10
43. Security and protective services	110	75	35	520	420	95
49. Transportation and materials moving	140	130	10	655	605	55
Other	0	0	0	10	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	10	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	5,825	2,920	2,905	51,920	24,630	27,285
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	2,545	1,400	1,150	17,030	8,940	8,095
Education	195	40	150	2,140	580	1,565
13. Education	195	40	155	2,140	580	1,565
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	90	40	45	985	490	495
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	20	10	180	150	25
50. Visual and performing arts	65	25	45	810	340	465
Humanities	85	45	35	1,725	655	1,070
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	130	40	90
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	510	165	350
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	65	35	30	360	100	260
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	15	10	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	10	90	60	25
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	130	85	50
54. History	0	0	0	390	175	210
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	10	100	20	85
Social and behavioural sciences and law	255	40	220	4,260	1,295	2,965
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	70	10	60
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	25	10	15	320	130	190
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	110	0	100	785	85	700
22. Legal professions and studies	40	10	35	675	130	545
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	10	0	60	10	50
42. Psychology	40	0	40	885	240	640
45. Social sciences	35	15	25	1,465	695	770
Business, management and public administration	605	120	490	8,480	2,810	5,665
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	25	10	20
44. Public administration and social service professions	30	0	25	550	140	410
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	575	110	465	7,905	2,665	5,235
Physical and life sciences and technologies	35	25	15	1,515	695	820
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0	10	685	260	425
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	365	140	220
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	15	0	15
40. Physical sciences	15	10	0	410	290	120
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	10	0	45	10	35
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	65	45	25	1,940	1,210	730
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	60	40	20	1,640	1,115	525
25. Library science	0	0	0	130	10	125
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	155	70	80
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	15	15	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,010	905	105	6,130	5,570	560
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	10	120	60	55
14. Engineering	40	45	0	1,080	895	180
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	100	75	25	1,440	1,280	165
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	320	310	10	1,505	1,450	60
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	320	305	20	1,400	1,315	80
48. Precision production	215	180	30	590	570	20
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	40	10	25	405	240	170
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	30	10	15	195	115	80
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	0	10	210	125	90
Health and related fields	415	55	365	4,640	715	3,925
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	10	10	10	300	140	155
51. Health professions and related programs	405	50	355	4,280	535	3,750
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	55	40	20
Personal, protective and transportation services	480	200	280	2,665	1,435	1,230
12. Personal and culinary services	280	30	245	1,560	470	1,095
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	40	40	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	115	110	10
43. Security and protective services	80	50	30	400	315	80
49. Transportation and materials moving	120	110	10	545	495	45
Other	0	0	0	0	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	10
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	8,545	4,250	4,295	77,645	36,745	40,905
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,395	2,285	2,105	32,570	16,455	16,115
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	4,145	1,960	2,185	45,075	20,290	24,785
Location of study inside Canada	4,115	1,950	2,170	42,085	18,855	23,230
Same as province or territory of residence	4,080	1,935	2,150	32,265	14,045	18,215
Different than province or territory of residence	30	10	20	9,825	4,805	5,015
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	30	15	15	2,990	1,440	1,555
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	10	10	0	695	355	335
Philippines	0	0	0	315	95	225
India	0	0	0	200	110	90
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	620	360	255
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	60	25	40
France	10	0	10	60	25	30
Other	15	10	10	1,040	465	575
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	5,825	2,920	2,905	51,920	24,635	27,285
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,550	1,400	1,150	17,035	8,940	8,095
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	3,280	1,520	1,760	34,885	15,695	19,195
Location of study inside Canada	3,250	1,505	1,740	32,670	14,650	18,020
Same as province or territory of residence	3,235	1,500	1,730	24,960	10,950	14,005
Different than province or territory of residence	20	10	10	7,710	3,695	4,015
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	25	15	15	2,220	1,045	1,170
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	10	0	10	480	235	250
Philippines	0	0	0	300	85	210
India	0	0	0	120	70	50
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	355	220	135
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	55	20	35
France	0	0	10	50	20	25
Other	15	0	10	850	390	460
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	8,545	4,250	4,295	77,650	36,745	40,900
In the labour force	5,720	2,925	2,795	50,720	25,605	25,115
Employed	5,235	2,670	2,565	47,005	23,540	23,460
Unemployed	485	255	230	3,715	2,060	1,650
Not in the labour force	2,820	1,325	1,495	26,930	11,140	15,790
Participation rate	66.9	68.8	65.1	65.3	69.7	61.4
Employment rate	61.3	62.8	59.7	60.5	64.1	57.4
Unemployment rate	8.5	8.7	8.2	7.3	8.0	6.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	8,545	4,250	4,295	77,650	36,745	40,900
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	2,700	1,225	1,480	24,710	10,200	14,515
Worked	5,840	3,030	2,815	52,935	26,550	26,390
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	2,820	1,515	1,310	30,110	16,245	13,865
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	3,020	1,520	1,505	22,830	10,300	12,525
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.6	43.7	43.5	43.6	44.1	43.1
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	5,725	2,925	2,800	50,720	25,605	25,115
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	165	65	100	970	495	475
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	5,555	2,860	2,695	49,755	25,110	24,645
Employee	4,960	2,515	2,445	46,035	22,910	23,125
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	595	345	255	3,715	2,195	1,515
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	5,725	2,925	2,800	50,720	25,605	25,115
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	165	65	95	970	500	475
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	5,560	2,860	2,695	49,750	25,110	24,640
0 Management occupations	370	210	160	5,180	3,065	2,115
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	795	190	600	8,365	2,485	5,885
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	180	135	45	3,785	3,015	775
3 Health occupations	320	50	270	3,365	550	2,815
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	675	145	530	6,775	2,575	4,200
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	65	25	40	1,535	790	745
6 Sales and service occupations	1,395	530	865	13,590	6,070	7,520
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,455	1,360	95	5,800	5,470	330
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	50	50	0	385	345	40
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	260	165	100	960	745	215
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	5,725	2,925	2,795	50,720	25,605	25,115
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	165	65	100	970	500	470
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	5,560	2,860	2,695	49,750	25,110	24,640
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	35	25	10	130	110	25
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	250	210	45
22 Utilities	20	15	0	280	180	100
23 Construction	775	685	95	2,600	2,325	280
31-33 Manufacturing	530	415	115	2,260	1,680	580
41 Wholesale trade	205	130	75	1,715	1,255	455
44-45 Retail trade	760	350	405	6,685	2,930	3,755
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	385	305	80	2,545	1,995	550
51 Information and cultural industries	70	45	30	1,275	710	565
52 Finance and insurance	190	45	145	2,295	825	1,470
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	75	40	30	960	540	420
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	200	105	95	3,830	1,985	1,845
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	45	15	25
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	175	110	65	3,055	1,775	1,280
61 Educational services	330	70	265	3,430	1,085	2,350
62 Health care and social assistance	795	120	670	6,015	1,080	4,935
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	70	25	45	860	455	400
72 Accommodation and food services	295	70	230	3,555	1,565	1,990
81 Other services (except public administration)	400	165	235	1,950	830	1,120
91 Public administration	240	130	105	6,015	3,565	2,450
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	5,235	2,670	2,565	47,000	23,540	23,460
Worked at home	295	105	195	2,605	1,185	1,420
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	220	165	55
No fixed workplace address	675	535	140	4,570	3,360	1,210
Worked at usual place	4,270	2,035	2,235	39,605	18,835	20,775
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	4,270	2,035	2,235	39,610	18,835	20,775
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	805	320	485	38,505	18,175	20,335
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	185	105	80	85	50	30
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	3,280	1,610	1,665	660	385	270
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	360	225	135
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	4,940	2,565	2,375	44,175	22,195	21,985
Car, truck, van - as a driver	4,610	2,430	2,180	30,645	16,145	14,500
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	125	70	55	3,500	1,355	2,140
Public transit	40	20	20	7,185	3,150	4,035
Walked	140	45	100	1,960	935	1,025
Bicycle	10	0	0	360	285	75
Other method	20	0	20	525	315	210
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	4,940	2,565	2,375	44,175	22,195	21,985
Less than 15 minutes	910	375	530	12,700	5,755	6,945
15 to 29 minutes	1,370	535	835	18,660	9,845	8,820
30 to 44 minutes	1,115	620	485	7,905	3,980	3,925
45 to 59 minutes	800	530	265	2,515	1,285	1,230
60 minutes and over	750	495	250	2,395	1,335	1,060
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	4,940	2,565	2,375	44,180	22,195	21,985
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	825	660	160	1,910	1,170	740
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	890	495	400	8,015	4,875	3,135
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,040	410	625	13,645	6,900	6,745
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	795	240	550	9,735	3,910	5,820
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	340	95	245	4,310	1,940	2,365
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,055	665	395	6,570	3,395	3,175
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	5,995	3,095	2,905	54,175	27,110	27,065
Single responses	5,825	3,000	2,825	53,850	26,980	26,870
Official languages	5,825	3,000	2,825	53,760	26,940	26,820
English	95	55	35	53,330	26,815	26,515
French	5,735	2,945	2,790	430	125	300
Non-official languages	0	0	0	90	45	45
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	90	40	45
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	40	25	15
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	10	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	25	20	10
Chinese languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Cantonese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	10	10	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	165	90	80	325	125	200
English and French	165	95	70	215	75	140
English and non-official language	0	0	0	115	55	60
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	5,995	3,090	2,905	54,175	27,110	27,065
None	4,910	2,405	2,505	51,830	25,995	25,840
English	995	635	360	265	95	170
French	80	45	35	1,755	895	860
Non-official language	10	0	0	300	115	185
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	300	110	190
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	30	15	15
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	10,440	5,185	5,255	90,190	43,075	47,120
Non-movers	9,300	4,660	4,640	77,750	37,325	40,430
Movers	1,135	525	610	12,445	5,750	6,695
Non-migrants	560	290	275	9,335	4,225	5,110
Migrants	575	240	335	3,110	1,525	1,580
Internal migrants	570	235	335	2,495	1,235	1,255
Intraprovincial migrants	570	235	330	870	415	455
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	1,620	815	800
External migrants	10	0	0	615	295	325
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	9,870	4,895	4,975	86,535	41,255	45,280
Non-movers	6,605	3,295	3,305	52,080	24,770	27,310
Movers	3,270	1,600	1,665	34,450	16,480	17,965
Non-migrants	1,455	695	765	25,370	12,095	13,275
Migrants	1,810	910	905	9,080	4,390	4,695
Internal migrants	1,785	900	885	7,545	3,630	3,910
Intraprovincial migrants	1,775	900	875	2,530	1,120	1,405
Interprovincial migrants	10	0	0	5,010	2,515	2,500
External migrants	25	10	20	1,540	755	785

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Lavaltrie [Population centre], Quebec and Dartmouth--Cole Harbour [Federal electoral district], Nova Scotia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 3, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Lavaltrie [Population centre], Quebec and Dartmouth--Cole Harbour [Federal electoral district], Nova Scotia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Lavaltrie [Population centre], Quebec and Dartmouth--Cole Harbour [Federal electoral district], Nova Scotia

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Lavaltrie [Population centre], Quebec and Dartmouth--Cole Harbour [Federal electoral district], Nova Scotia