Census Profile, 2016 Census
Marmora [Population centre], Ontario and Zone 3 (Fredericton area) [Health region, December 2017], New Brunswick

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Marmora Ontario [Population centre]			Zone 3 (Fredericton area) New Brunswick [Health region, December 2017]
	Data quality , Marmora [Population centre], Ontario Map : Marmora [Population centre], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Zone 3 (Fredericton area) [Health region, December 2017], New Brunswick Map : Zone 3 (Fredericton area) [Health region, December 2017], New Brunswick Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	1,629	...	...	174,348	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	1,466 ^r	...	...	173,876	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	11.1	...	...	0.3	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	780	...	...	83,036	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	703	...	...	73,210	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	775.5	...	...	7.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	2.10	...	...	23,210.93	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	1,630	760	875	174,345	85,670	88,680
0 to 14 years	215	105	110	28,160	14,305	13,855
0 to 4 years	65	35	25	9,025	4,575	4,455
5 to 9 years	70	35	35	9,695	4,930	4,770
10 to 14 years	80	35	50	9,440	4,805	4,635
15 to 64 years	840	415	430	114,920	56,950	57,970
15 to 19 years	60	25	30	10,200	5,280	4,920
20 to 24 years	70	35	35	11,250	5,830	5,425
25 to 29 years	60	30	30	10,410	5,310	5,100
30 to 34 years	65	35	30	10,505	5,190	5,315
35 to 39 years	65	30	35	10,615	5,140	5,480
40 to 44 years	65	30	30	11,250	5,475	5,775
45 to 49 years	85	45	40	11,760	5,775	5,990
50 to 54 years	105	50	55	13,545	6,635	6,910
55 to 59 years	145	70	75	13,230	6,520	6,715
60 to 64 years	130	65	65	12,140	5,800	6,335
65 years and over	575	240	335	31,270	14,410	16,855
65 to 69 years	165	75	95	11,020	5,410	5,615
70 to 74 years	125	60	60	7,560	3,690	3,870
75 to 79 years	100	40	60	5,445	2,540	2,895
80 to 84 years	75	30	50	3,680	1,575	2,105
85 years and over	105	35	70	3,565	1,200	2,370
85 to 89 years	65	20	45	2,175	825	1,350
90 to 94 years	30	10	15	1,075	300	775
95 to 99 years	10	5	10	285	65	215
100 years and over	0	0	0	35	5	35
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	13.2	13.8	12.6	16.2	16.7	15.6
15 to 64 years	51.5	54.6	49.1	65.9	66.5	65.4
65 years and over	35.3	31.6	38.3	17.9	16.8	19.0
85 years and over	6.4	4.6	8.0	2.0	1.4	2.7
Average age of the population	50.8	49.2	52.2	41.7	40.8	42.6
Median age of the population	56.2	54.2	57.4	42.8	41.7	43.7
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	700	...	...	73,210	...	...
Single-detached house	530	...	...	50,890	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	520	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	175	...	...	17,250	...	...
Semi-detached house	35	...	...	1,560	...	...
Row house	15	...	...	1,930	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	3,005	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	110	...	...	10,485	...	...
Other single-attached house	10	...	...	270	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	0	...	...	4,545	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	705	...	...	73,210	...	...
1 person	240	...	...	19,525	...	...
2 persons	280	...	...	28,780	...	...
3 persons	90	...	...	11,430	...	...
4 persons	65	...	...	9,185	...	...
5 or more persons	35	...	...	4,285	...	...
Number of persons in private households	1,505	...	...	171,345	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	1,415	655	760	146,190	71,360	74,825
Married or living common law	765	380	385	89,290	44,595	44,700
Married	595	300	295	73,790	36,855	36,935
Living common law	175	85	90	15,510	7,740	7,765
Not married and not living common law	655	275	380	56,895	26,765	30,125
Never married	280	155	120	35,750	19,655	16,095
Separated	50	20	35	4,315	1,975	2,340
Divorced	110	55	50	8,165	3,360	4,805
Widowed	215	45	165	8,665	1,780	6,885
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	460	...	...	51,665	...	...
2 persons	300	...	...	28,885	...	...
3 persons	85	...	...	10,825	...	...
4 persons	50	...	...	8,645	...	...
5 or more persons	20	...	...	3,310	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	465	...	...	51,665	...	...
Total couple families	375	...	...	43,980	...	...
Married couples	285	...	...	36,230	...	...
Common-law couples	85	...	...	7,750	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	90	...	...	7,685	...	...
Female parent	75	...	...	6,065	...	...
Male parent	15	...	...	1,625	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	375	...	...	43,985	...	...
Couples without children	240	...	...	24,065	...	...
Couples with children	135	...	...	19,920	...	...
1 child	65	...	...	8,705	...	...
2 children	45	...	...	8,070	...	...
3 or more children	20	...	...	3,145	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	85	...	...	7,685	...	...
1 child	60	...	...	4,825	...	...
2 children	20	...	...	2,125	...	...
3 or more children	5	...	...	735	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	305	135	170	28,885	13,910	14,975
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	705	...	...	73,210	...	...
One-census-family households	440	...	...	49,975	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	225	...	...	23,410	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	215	...	...	26,570	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	10	...	...	835	...	...
Non-census-family households	255	...	...	22,395	...	...
One-person households	235	...	...	19,525	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	15	...	...	2,875	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	1,505	715	795	172,745	85,075	87,675
English only	1,465	695	775	140,675	70,715	69,960
French only	0	0	0	745	365	375
English and French	40	20	20	30,575	13,640	16,935
Neither English nor French	0	5	0	755	350	405
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	1,510	715	795	172,750	85,070	87,675
English	1,490	710	785	160,705	79,295	81,410
French	15	5	5	10,730	5,170	5,560
English and French	0	0	0	580	270	305
Neither English nor French	5	5	0	730	335	400
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	15	10	10	11,020	5,300	5,715
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.0	1.4	1.3	6.4	6.2	6.5
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	1,505	715	795	172,745	85,075	87,675
Single responses	1,505	710	795	170,965	84,250	86,710
Official languages	1,455	690	765	162,895	80,185	82,715
English	1,435	685	750	152,010	74,950	77,060
French	15	5	10	10,885	5,230	5,650
Non-official languages	55	20	30	8,070	4,070	4,000
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	330	150	180
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	325	150	175
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	5	0	5
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	315	145	170
Malecite	0	0	0	270	120	145
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	45	20	25
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Non-Aboriginal languages	55	25	30	7,735	3,920	3,820
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	1,115	605	505
Berber languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	5	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	5	0	5
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	1,105	605	505
Amharic	0	0	0	40	25	15
Arabic	0	0	0	995	535	455
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	65	40	30
Maltese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	5	0	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	215	110	100
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	0	5
Vietnamese	0	0	0	210	110	95
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	5	290	115	180
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	25	5	15
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	5	5	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	25	10	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	235	95	140
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Creole languages	0	0	0	30	25	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	25	5
Dravidian languages	5	0	5	100	55	45
Kannada	0	0	0	10	5	5
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	0	5
Tamil	0	0	5	55	30	20
Telugu	0	0	0	30	15	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Indo-European languages	35	15	25	3,870	1,935	1,935
Albanian	0	0	0	25	10	10
Armenian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	0	935	470	470
Baltic languages	0	0	0	45	25	20
Latvian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Slavic languages	5	0	5	895	445	450
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	40	20	20
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Croatian	0	0	0	55	20	30
Czech	0	0	0	20	5	15
Macedonian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Polish	0	0	0	90	40	50
Russian	0	0	0	505	265	240
Serbian	0	0	0	90	50	40
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	20	5	15
Slovak	0	0	0	0	5	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Ukrainian	0	0	0	70	30	40
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	5	0	5
Welsh	0	0	0	5	5	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	20	5	15	1,220	570	645
Afrikaans	0	0	0	5	5	5
Danish	0	0	0	65	20	40
Dutch	10	5	5	395	210	185
Frisian	0	0	0	10	5	5
German	10	5	5	700	310	385
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	5
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	10	5
Swedish	0	0	0	25	5	20
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	10	5	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	0	0	35	20	15
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	885	480	410
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	525	290	235
Bengali	0	0	0	85	55	30
Gujarati	0	0	0	25	10	10
Hindi	0	0	0	110	55	55
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	5	5	5
Marathi	0	0	0	30	15	15
Nepali	0	0	0	140	70	75
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	30	25	15
Sindhi	0	0	0	10	5	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	15	10	5
Urdu	0	0	0	70	45	30
Iranian languages	0	0	0	355	190	165
Kurdish	0	0	0	20	15	10
Pashto	0	0	0	20	5	10
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	315	165	150
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages	5	0	5	750	380	370
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	5	85	45	35
Portuguese	5	0	0	80	35	40
Romanian	0	0	0	160	75	75
Spanish	0	0	0	425	215	210
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	35	5	30
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	5	0	385	205	180
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	160	85	75
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	5
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	5	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	5	5	0
Lingala	0	0	0	5	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	15	5	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	10	5	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	50	20	25
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	5	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	25	15
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	45	25	20
American Sign Language	0	0	0	15	5	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	30	20	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	1,325	665	660
Chinese languages	0	0	0	1,325	665	665
Cantonese	0	0	0	135	70	65
Hakka	0	0	0	10	5	5
Mandarin	0	0	0	1,040	525	515
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	5	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	50	25	35
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	70	40	30
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	25	5	15
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	20	10	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	40	25	20
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	5	0
Turkish	0	0	0	25	15	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	5	5	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	0
Uralic languages	5	5	0	85	40	45
Estonian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Finnish	0	0	5	15	5	15
Hungarian	5	5	0	60	30	30
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	5
Multiple responses	0	0	0	1,785	825	960
English and French	0	5	0	1,155	525	635
English and non-official language	0	0	0	535	260	275
French and non-official language	0	0	0	50	25	25
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	45	20	25
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	1,510	715	790	172,745	85,075	87,675
Single responses	1,500	710	790	170,535	83,975	86,555
Official languages	1,485	705	780	166,045	81,650	84,395
English	1,480	700	780	160,010	78,690	81,320
French	5	5	0	6,035	2,960	3,070
Non-official languages	15	5	5	4,490	2,330	2,165
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	55	25	25
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	50	25	25
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	55	25	25
Malecite	0	0	0	50	25	25
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	15	5	10	4,435	2,300	2,135
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	755	380	370
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	750	380	365
Amharic	0	0	0	15	10	10
Arabic	0	0	0	700	355	345
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	35	15	15
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	175	90	85
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	170	90	80
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	100	45	55
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	5	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	5	0	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	85	40	45
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	25	20	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	25	0
Dravidian languages	5	5	0	40	20	20
Kannada	0	0	0	5	5	5
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	5	5	0	20	10	10
Telugu	0	0	0	15	5	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	1,865	970	895
Albanian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Armenian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	5	610	315	295
Baltic languages	0	0	0	30	20	15
Latvian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Lithuanian	0	0	0	20	15	5
Slavic languages	0	0	0	580	300	280
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	25	10	20
Czech	0	0	0	5	0	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	5	0	20	15	10
Russian	0	0	0	390	200	190
Serbian	0	0	0	75	45	35
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	40	20	20
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	5	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	275	140	135
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Dutch	0	0	0	70	40	30
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	190	95	100
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	10	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	600	315	285
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	315	165	150
Bengali	0	0	0	55	30	20
Gujarati	0	0	0	15	10	5
Hindi	0	0	0	60	35	30
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	5	0	5
Marathi	0	0	0	15	10	5
Nepali	0	0	0	105	45	60
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	5	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	40	20	20
Iranian languages	0	0	0	275	150	125
Kurdish	0	0	0	15	15	5
Pashto	0	0	0	5	0	5
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	260	135	120
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	345	180	170
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	15	10	5
Portuguese	0	0	0	35	15	15
Romanian	0	0	0	80	40	40
Spanish	0	0	0	220	115	105
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	5	0	290	160	135
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	65	30	40
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	5	0	5
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	10	5	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	30	10	20
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	60	40	20
American Sign Language	0	0	0	15	10	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	40	30	15
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	0	1,020	520	500
Chinese languages	5	0	0	1,020	525	500
Cantonese	0	0	0	65	35	35
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	855	445	410
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	35	20	20
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	5	50	25	25
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	5	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	5
Uralic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Hungarian	5	0	0	15	10	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Multiple responses	10	5	0	2,210	1,095	1,115
English and French	0	0	0	855	410	440
English and non-official language	5	5	5	1,280	650	630
French and non-official language	0	0	0	20	10	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	65	25	40
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	1,505	715	795	172,745	85,075	87,670
None	1,480	705	785	159,905	79,090	80,815
English	5	0	5	4,610	2,280	2,330
French	5	0	0	5,375	2,370	3,005
Non-official language	15	5	5	2,645	1,245	1,400
Aboriginal	0	0	0	415	175	240
Non-Aboriginal	15	5	5	2,230	1,065	1,160
English and French	0	0	0	50	25	25
English and non-official language	0	0	0	65	30	40
French and non-official language	5	0	0	100	40	60
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	5
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	1,290	610	680	143,235	69,950	73,285
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,245	585	655	136,240	66,610	69,630
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	22,528	28,352	20,032	32,315	39,934	26,276
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,240	585	655	136,310	66,615	69,695
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	22,016	27,328	19,392	29,253	35,185	24,376
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	895	440	450	121,040	61,100	59,945
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	19,712	27,392	12,384	30,365	38,166	23,880
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,075	490	585	96,305	41,380	54,925
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	12,576	12,816	12,352	7,053	7,722	6,599
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	620	325	285	99,290	51,580	47,710
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	21,077	27,072	16,032	31,181	38,005	25,244
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	1,265	585	680	143,000	69,785	73,220
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,220	565	655	136,070	66,405	69,665
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,711	34,075	25,931	40,351	47,363	33,666
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,220	570	655	136,130	66,410	69,720
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,861	30,403	23,793	33,985	39,201	29,018
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	890	440	445	120,885	61,030	59,855
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,346	30,596	22,132	38,892	45,831	31,817
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,065	470	595	96,355	41,390	54,960
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	12,084	12,275	11,933	8,188	8,409	8,022
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	600	310	290	99,150	51,265	47,885
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,975	30,001	21,629	38,687	44,724	32,224
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	1,260	590	680	143,005	69,780	73,220
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	225	120	105	49,405	26,920	22,475
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	34,772	48,130	32,305	48,061	53,572	42,716
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	40,950	47,769	33,271	54,571	60,455	47,523
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	65.7	71.9	56.6	85.8	89.1	81.3
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	46.4	52.9	39.2	70.1	73.1	66.1
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	34.7	27.8	43.8	14.2	10.9	18.7
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	1,290	610	680	143,230	69,950	73,285
Without total income	45	20	25	6,990	3,340	3,650
With total income	1,245	585	655	136,240	66,605	69,630
Percentage with total income	96.5	95.9	96.3	95.1	95.2	95.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	190	75	110	19,175	7,820	11,350
$10,000 to $19,999	340	130	210	23,745	8,775	14,975
$20,000 to $29,999	255	100	160	21,015	8,490	12,525
$30,000 to $39,999	155	80	80	17,505	8,270	9,230
$40,000 to $49,999	110	75	40	15,085	7,850	7,240
$50,000 to $59,999	75	55	20	11,255	6,740	4,510
$60,000 to $69,999	45	25	15	8,765	5,695	3,070
$70,000 to $79,999	25	20	10	6,280	3,740	2,540
$80,000 to $89,999	15	15	5	4,215	2,540	1,675
$90,000 to $99,999	10	5	0	2,510	1,700	815
$100,000 and over	20	15	5	6,685	4,985	1,700
$100,000 to $149,999	20	15	5	4,805	3,540	1,265
$150,000 and over	5	5	0	1,875	1,445	430
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	1,295	610	680	143,235	69,950	73,285
Without after-tax income	50	25	25	6,925	3,340	3,590
With after-tax income	1,245	590	655	136,305	66,610	69,690
Percentage with after-tax income	96.1	96.7	96.3	95.2	95.2	95.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	195	80	115	19,915	7,935	11,980
$10,000 to $19,999	350	130	220	25,145	9,370	15,780
$20,000 to $29,999	280	115	160	24,745	10,400	14,345
$30,000 to $39,999	170	90	80	21,425	10,685	10,745
$40,000 to $49,999	130	85	40	16,620	9,520	7,095
$50,000 to $59,999	60	35	20	11,505	7,435	4,070
$60,000 to $69,999	30	20	10	7,155	4,210	2,945
$70,000 to $79,999	20	10	5	3,695	2,470	1,225
$80,000 and over	20	15	5	6,095	4,585	1,510
$80,000 to $89,999	5	0	0	2,135	1,570	565
$90,000 to $99,999	5	5	0	1,220	930	285
$100,000 and over	10	10	0	2,745	2,085	660
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	1,295	610	680	143,230	69,950	73,285
Without employment income	670	280	390	43,940	18,365	25,575
With employment income	615	330	290	99,295	51,580	47,710
Percentage with employment income	47.5	54.1	42.6	69.3	73.7	65.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	155	80	75	12,625	5,860	6,775
$5,000 to $9,999	70	25	40	8,475	3,645	4,830
$10,000 to $19,999	85	30	50	14,275	6,305	7,970
$20,000 to $29,999	85	40	45	12,965	5,685	7,285
$30,000 to $39,999	60	25	30	11,105	5,465	5,645
$40,000 to $49,999	55	35	20	10,360	5,440	4,925
$50,000 to $59,999	45	30	10	7,915	4,935	2,980
$60,000 to $69,999	25	20	5	6,540	4,300	2,240
$70,000 to $79,999	15	10	5	4,935	2,805	2,130
$80,000 and over	30	25	10	10,090	7,150	2,940
$80,000 to $89,999	15	10	5	3,215	1,990	1,220
$90,000 to $99,999	10	5	0	1,945	1,315	620
$100,000 and over	15	15	0	4,935	3,835	1,100
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	705	...	...	73,210	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	42,016	...	...	62,343	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	40,171	...	...	54,884	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	235	...	...	19,525	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	21,824	...	...	31,587	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	21,376	...	...	28,678	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	465	...	...	53,685	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	55,253	...	...	76,211	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	51,008	...	...	66,562	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	690	...	...	73,165	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	52,354	...	...	75,044	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	47,331	...	...	63,234	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	240	...	...	19,520	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,707	...	...	38,854	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,313	...	...	33,166	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	455	...	...	53,645	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	64,296	...	...	88,210	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	57,887	...	...	74,173	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	705	...	...	73,210	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...	1,045	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...	1,585	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	30	...	...	1,525	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	50	...	...	3,475	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	70	...	...	3,475	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	55	...	...	3,405	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	55	...	...	3,815	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	45	...	...	3,550	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	45	...	...	3,480	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	30	...	...	3,360	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	60	...	...	6,375	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	65	...	...	6,085	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	45	...	...	5,415	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	35	...	...	4,715	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	25	...	...	3,905	...	...
$100,000 and over	65	...	...	18,000	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	30	...	...	7,140	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	15	...	...	4,530	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	15	...	...	4,070	...	...
$200,000 and over	5	...	...	2,265	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	700	...	...	73,210	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...	1,090	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...	1,600	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	30	...	...	1,555	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	50	...	...	3,635	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	75	...	...	3,925	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	50	...	...	3,870	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	65	...	...	4,365	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	50	...	...	4,310	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	45	...	...	4,185	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	45	...	...	4,195	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	75	...	...	7,730	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	55	...	...	6,955	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	45	...	...	5,710	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	25	...	...	4,755	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	15	...	...	3,640	...	...
$100,000 and over	45	...	...	11,690	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	30	...	...	6,155	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	5	...	...	2,850	...	...
$150,000 and over	10	...	...	2,685	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	450	...	...	51,475	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	54,272	...	...	76,577	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	50,560	...	...	66,736	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	220	...	...	22,975	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	52,736	...	...	71,841	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	48,768	...	...	62,952	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	140	...	...	20,105	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	69,888	...	...	97,494	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	64,384	...	...	83,537	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	80	...	...	7,205	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	33,792	...	...	43,341	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	32,064	...	...	40,841	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.4	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	440	...	...	51,485	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	61,406	...	...	88,444	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	55,605	...	...	74,246	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	215	...	...	23,025	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	62,253	...	...	82,810	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	56,000	...	...	69,479	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	135	...	...	20,050	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	74,482	...	...	109,333	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	66,035	...	...	90,659	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	85	...	...	7,230	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	38,026	...	...	49,881	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	37,349	...	...	44,662	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	280	125	150	26,055	12,690	13,365
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	21,909	21,227	22,144	28,520	31,430	26,500
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	21,440	21,200	21,824	26,333	28,166	24,894
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	285	130	155	25,930	12,560	13,370
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	31,987	27,803	35,542	36,130	38,112	34,268
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	28,781	25,805	31,308	31,001	32,146	29,924
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	1,505	715	790	171,345	84,225	87,120
In the bottom half of the distribution	1,155	530	625	98,990	47,575	51,410
In the bottom decile	225	110	120	19,650	9,370	10,275
In the second decile	330	135	195	20,735	9,390	11,345
In the third decile	240	115	125	19,925	9,680	10,245
In the fourth decile	240	115	120	20,005	9,875	10,130
In the fifth decile	120	55	65	18,675	9,265	9,415
In the top half of the distribution	350	180	170	72,355	36,650	35,705
In the sixth decile	95	50	40	18,450	9,325	9,125
In the seventh decile	130	65	70	17,425	8,875	8,550
In the eighth decile	55	30	25	15,410	7,735	7,670
In the ninth decile	55	30	30	12,540	6,370	6,170
In the top decile	15	10	5	8,530	4,340	4,185
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	1,505	710	790	168,240	82,710	85,530
0 to 17 years	245	120	130	33,075	16,885	16,190
0 to 5 years	80	45	35	10,580	5,350	5,230
18 to 64 years	800	390	410	105,815	52,020	53,795
65 years and over	460	205	255	29,355	13,810	15,545
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	435	195	240	28,095	12,895	15,200
0 to 17 years	95	50	50	7,175	3,645	3,530
0 to 5 years	35	20	15	2,515	1,265	1,250
18 to 64 years	225	110	120	15,680	7,180	8,500
65 years and over	105	40	70	5,245	2,070	3,170
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	28.9	27.5	30.4	16.7	15.6	17.8
0 to 17 years (%)	38.8	41.7	38.5	21.7	21.6	21.8
0 to 5 years (%)	43.8	44.4	42.9	23.8	23.6	23.9
18 to 64 years (%)	28.1	28.2	29.3	14.8	13.8	15.8
65 years and over (%)	22.8	19.5	27.5	17.9	15.0	20.4
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	110	60	50	12,020	5,900	6,120
0 to 17 years	20	10	5	2,790	1,440	1,350
0 to 5 years	10	5	10	1,000	505	490
18 to 64 years	85	50	40	8,745	4,260	4,480
65 years and over	5	0	5	490	200	290
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	7.3	8.5	6.3	7.1	7.1	7.2
0 to 17 years (%)	8.2	8.3	3.8	8.4	8.5	8.3
0 to 5 years (%)	12.5	11.1	28.6	9.5	9.4	9.4
18 to 64 years (%)	10.6	12.8	9.8	8.3	8.2	8.3
65 years and over (%)	1.1	0.0	2.0	1.7	1.4	1.9
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	1,475	665	805	171,140	84,140	87,000
Official languages	1,470	665	810	170,385	83,790	86,595
English	1,470	665	810	169,755	83,445	86,310
French	20	10	10	31,005	13,790	17,210
Non-official languages	50	20	25	11,360	5,595	5,765
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	835	380	455
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	800	380	425
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	10	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	10
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	790	375	415
Malecite	0	0	0	690	335	360
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	120	55	65
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	25	0	20
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	20	0	20
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	10
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	10	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	45	20	25	10,545	5,220	5,325
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	1,585	790	795
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	1,590	790	795
Amharic	0	0	0	55	35	20
Arabic	0	0	0	1,280	635	650
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	250	120	125
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	10	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	300	165	135
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	295	160	135
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Austronesian languages	0	0	10	330	130	205
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	15	10	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	15	0	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	35	15	20
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	0	275	115	160
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	65	55	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	30	25	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	35	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	200	105	95
Kannada	0	0	0	15	10	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	10	0
Tamil	0	0	0	135	75	60
Telugu	0	0	0	75	35	40
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	15	0	10	5,900	2,845	3,055
Albanian	0	0	0	50	30	25
Armenian	0	0	0	45	20	25
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,050	555	490
Baltic languages	0	0	0	50	30	20
Latvian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	35	25	10
Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,015	530	485
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	55	25	25
Bulgarian	0	0	0	25	10	20
Croatian	0	0	0	75	35	45
Czech	0	0	0	30	20	15
Macedonian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Polish	0	0	0	130	65	60
Russian	0	0	0	630	335	300
Serbian	0	0	0	80	55	20
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Ukrainian	0	0	0	95	30	65
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	75	25	50
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	40	10	35
Welsh	0	0	0	10	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	15	10
Germanic languages	10	0	10	1,825	865	955
Afrikaans	0	0	0	15	10	0
Danish	0	0	0	110	35	70
Dutch	10	0	10	570	265	305
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	1,190	590	595
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Swedish	0	0	0	30	15	20
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	10	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	0	0	75	35	45
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	1,125	580	545
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	760	405	355
Bengali	0	0	0	110	80	30
Gujarati	0	0	0	50	30	25
Hindi	0	0	0	360	180	180
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	30	15	20
Nepali	0	0	0	170	85	90
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	80	40	35
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Urdu	0	0	0	110	60	50
Iranian languages	0	0	0	400	195	200
Kurdish	0	0	0	60	30	30
Pashto	0	0	0	35	25	10
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	305	145	160
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	1,920	880	1,040
Catalan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	210	80	130
Portuguese	0	0	0	155	85	70
Romanian	0	0	0	110	50	55
Spanish	0	0	0	1,530	705	825
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Japanese	0	0	0	120	45	70
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	15	0	460	235	225
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	10	0	300	190	115
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	10	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	20	10	0
Lingala	0	0	0	10	0	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	45	25	20
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	35	20	10
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	75	45	25
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	40	30	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	115	65	50
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	260	100	160
American Sign Language	0	0	0	110	30	75
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	150	70	85
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	0	1,395	750	645
Chinese languages	0	0	0	1,390	750	640
Cantonese	0	0	0	150	80	70
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	1,185	660	530
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	35	10	25
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	70	40	40
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	10	55	40	25
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	10	25
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	40	10	30
Lao	0	0	0	10	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	30	0	25
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	55	20	30
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	50	25	25
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	0	10	85	40	45
Estonian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Finnish	10	0	0	10	0	10
Hungarian	0	0	0	65	30	35
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	25	10
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	1,475	665	805	171,140	84,140	87,000
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	1,455	655	795	164,860	80,980	83,880
Canadian citizens aged under 18	225	95	135	32,735	16,780	15,955
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	1,230	565	665	132,130	64,205	67,920
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	20	10	10	6,280	3,155	3,125
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	1,470	665	805	171,145	84,140	87,000
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	1,370	620	750	158,840	78,130	80,710
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	105	45	60	11,000	5,195	5,805
Before 1981	75	30	40	3,370	1,575	1,800
1981 to 1990	10	0	0	930	405	520
1991 to 2000	10	10	10	1,190	545	650
2001 to 2010	10	10	0	2,445	1,155	1,295
2001 to 2005	10	0	10	830	370	455
2006 to 2010	0	0	0	1,620	785	835
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	10	10	0	3,065	1,515	1,555
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	0	1,300	815	480
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	105	45	55	10,995	5,195	5,805
Under 5 years	10	0	10	1,565	690	870
5 to 14 years	40	25	15	2,380	1,150	1,230
15 to 24 years	20	10	15	2,010	865	1,145
25 to 44 years	35	10	25	4,105	1,970	2,140
45 years and over	0	0	0	935	515	420
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	105	45	55	11,000	5,195	5,805
Americas	15	0	10	2,595	1,160	1,430
Brazil	0	0	0	15	0	10
Colombia	0	0	0	70	35	35
El Salvador	0	0	0	70	45	25
Guyana	0	0	0	20	0	20
Haiti	0	0	0	10	10	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	40	35	10
Mexico	0	0	0	30	15	15
Peru	0	0	0	10	10	10
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	35	20	15
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	15	0	10	2,080	890	1,185
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	210	90	120
Europe	55	25	30	3,705	1,740	1,970
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	70	35	40
Croatia	0	0	0	25	0	15
France	0	0	0	100	50	50
Germany	10	0	0	655	255	405
Greece	0	0	0	15	0	10
Hungary	0	0	0	30	15	15
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	50	35	20
Italy	0	0	0	40	25	15
Netherlands	10	0	10	465	240	225
Poland	0	0	0	75	30	40
Portugal	0	0	0	50	25	20
Romania	0	0	0	80	35	40
Russian Federation	0	0	0	100	50	45
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	20	15	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	135	55	80
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	40	25	20	1,460	720	740
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	345	150	195
Africa	0	0	0	640	345	290
Algeria	0	0	0	10	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	45	30	15
Ethiopia	0	0	0	50	25	30
Kenya	0	0	0	20	10	0
Morocco	0	0	0	30	15	15
Nigeria	0	0	0	75	35	40
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	25	10	10
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	385	210	175
Asia	35	15	15	3,975	1,910	2,065
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Bangladesh	0	0	0	60	30	25
China^{Census data footnote 59}	10	0	10	850	420	430
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	10	0	0	40	25	15
India	0	0	0	350	170	185
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	255	115	140
Iraq	0	0	0	50	20	30
Japan	0	0	0	20	10	15
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	0	0	430	230	195
Lebanon	0	0	0	185	95	90
Pakistan	0	0	0	75	35	40
Philippines	10	0	0	285	100	185
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	25	10	15
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	495	240	255
Taiwan	0	0	0	35	10	25
Viet Nam	0	0	0	265	140	130
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	0	560	265	295
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	80	35	50
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	10	10	0	3,070	1,510	1,555
Americas	0	0	0	220	120	100
Brazil	0	0	0	10	10	10
Colombia	0	0	0	25	20	10
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mexico	0	0	0	10	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	115	55	60
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	55	30	25
Europe	0	0	0	450	245	200
France	0	0	0	25	15	10
Germany	0	0	0	45	35	15
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	20	15	10
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Romania	0	0	0	25	15	10
Russian Federation	0	0	0	40	15	25
Ukraine	0	0	0	55	25	30
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	110	70	40
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	115	55	65
Africa	0	0	0	255	130	125
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	10
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	25	10	15
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	10	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	45	20	20
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	40	15	25
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	145	80	65
Asia	0	0	0	2,135	1,015	1,120
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	15	10	10
China^{Census data footnote 59}	10	10	10	470	235	235
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	10	0	0
India	0	0	0	85	35	45
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	135	70	65
Iraq	0	0	0	40	15	25
Israel	0	0	0	65	25	35
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	130	75	60
Lebanon	0	0	0	10	0	10
Nepal	0	0	0	40	15	25
Pakistan	0	0	0	25	10	20
Philippines	0	0	0	205	80	125
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	10	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	480	220	250
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	30	25	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	230	120	105
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	160	55	100
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	1,475	665	805	171,140	84,140	87,000
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	105	40	55	13,570	6,700	6,870
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	165	100	65	13,780	6,725	7,055
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	1,205	525	685	143,795	70,715	73,080
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	35	15	15	7,710	3,645	4,065
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	10	10	10	4,750	2,445	2,300
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	0	0	0	1,720	1,305	410
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	10	0	10	3,030	1,140	1,890
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	15	10	0	1,790	630	1,160
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	10	1,145	560	585
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	10	10	10	25	10	15
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	1,470	665	810	171,140	84,140	87,000
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	105	45	65	8,135	3,980	4,155
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	105	40	70	7,815	3,840	3,975
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	45	20	30	6,120	2,950	3,175
Métis	55	25	30	1,600	850	745
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	10	95	40	55
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	105	55	55
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	215	85	130
Non-Aboriginal identity	1,365	625	740	163,005	80,165	82,845
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	1,470	660	805	171,140	84,140	87,000
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	30	10	15	5,225	2,540	2,685
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	1,440	650	795	165,915	81,600	84,315
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	1,475	665	805	171,140	84,140	87,005
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	20	10	10	3,525	1,725	1,805
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	20	0	10	3,495	1,710	1,785
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	15	0	10	3,330	1,630	1,700
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	155	80	75
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	20	10	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	30	10	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	15	0	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	15	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	115	35	80	8,410	4,025	4,385
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	115	40	80	8,205	3,930	4,275
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	80	30	50	6,445	3,105	3,340
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	35	10	30	1,580	720	865
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	180	105	75
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	205	95	110
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	155	70	85
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	40	15	20
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	1,340	625	715	159,205	78,390	80,810
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	1,470	660	810	171,140	84,140	87,000
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	40	20	20	7,745	3,955	3,795
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	10	0	10	1,130	600	530
Chinese	10	0	0	1,500	765	735
Black	0	0	0	1,665	820	840
Filipino	0	0	0	370	165	200
Latin American	0	0	0	445	260	185
Arab	0	0	0	975	490	490
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	435	235	205
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	355	180	175
Korean	15	15	0	465	245	220
Japanese	0	0	0	45	10	35
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	115	45	70
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	10	250	140	105
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	1,435	640	790	163,395	80,190	83,205
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	1,470	665	805	171,145	84,140	87,000
North American Aboriginal origins	130	45	90	11,930	5,750	6,190
First Nations (North American Indian)	95	40	65	9,980	4,820	5,160
Inuit	0	0	0	255	140	110
Métis	35	0	25	1,930	885	1,040
Other North American origins	735	320	415	82,730	40,715	42,015
Acadian	0	0	0	2,780	1,335	1,445
American	0	0	0	2,270	1,135	1,135
Canadian	725	320	405	79,885	39,325	40,560
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	30	15	15
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	145	65	85
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Québécois	0	0	0	160	100	60
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	10	0	10	0
European origins	990	450	540	114,150	55,645	58,500
British Isles origins	860	400	460	96,280	46,810	49,470
Channel Islander	0	0	0	10	10	10
Cornish	0	0	0	20	10	15
English	565	235	330	54,160	26,200	27,960
Irish	345	140	200	42,615	20,065	22,545
Manx	0	0	0	25	15	0
Scottish	275	140	130	44,045	21,225	22,825
Welsh	50	25	25	4,220	2,050	2,170
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	15	0	10	3,805	1,780	2,025
French origins	145	50	95	28,030	13,520	14,515
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	10	0	10
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	145	50	95	28,035	13,515	14,515
Western European origins (except French origins)	150	60	95	17,145	8,315	8,830
Austrian	0	0	0	310	180	125
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	590	260	330
Dutch	100	45	50	6,295	2,995	3,300
Flemish	0	0	0	40	35	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	60	10	45	10,825	5,245	5,585
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	375	185	190
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	30	15	20	3,705	1,725	1,985
Danish	15	0	10	1,635	755	880
Finnish	20	10	10	200	110	95
Icelandic	0	0	0	95	50	40
Norwegian	0	0	0	1,020	495	525
Swedish	0	0	10	615	260	355
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	295	125	165
Eastern European origins	35	15	15	4,290	2,035	2,260
Bulgarian	0	0	0	55	25	30
Byelorussian	0	0	0	40	25	15
Czech	0	0	0	155	70	85
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	50	20	30
Estonian	0	0	0	65	25	45
Hungarian	0	0	0	435	210	225
Latvian	0	0	0	55	30	25
Lithuanian	0	0	0	120	50	65
Moldovan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Polish	20	10	10	1,390	615	770
Romanian	0	0	0	220	115	110
Russian	0	10	0	925	425	500
Slovak	0	0	0	105	65	40
Ukrainian	15	15	0	1,275	650	625
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	25	15	10
Southern European origins	30	0	25	4,015	2,050	1,965
Albanian	0	0	0	90	50	45
Bosnian	0	0	0	95	45	45
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	100	45	60
Cypriot	0	0	0	10	0	10
Greek	10	0	0	290	140	145
Italian	20	0	15	2,255	1,095	1,155
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	30	25	10
Maltese	10	0	10	15	0	15
Montenegrin	0	0	0	15	10	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	525	245	275
Serbian	0	0	0	100	75	25
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	60	35	25
Spanish	10	0	10	600	340	260
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	35	25	15
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	15	0	10	650	365	285
Basque	0	0	0	0	10	0
Jewish	10	0	0	315	160	155
Roma (Gypsy)	10	0	0	10	0	10
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	315	190	125
Caribbean origins	10	0	10	570	290	280
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	20	15	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	35	10	25
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	60	35	20
Dominican	0	0	0	10	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	15	0	15
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	30	30	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	245	135	110
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	50	25	25
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	25	15	15
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	10	0	10	70	25	45
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	60	25	40
Latin, Central and South American origins	0	0	0	725	390	335
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	20	20	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	10
Bolivian	0	0	0	25	20	10
Brazilian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Chilean	0	0	0	30	10	20
Colombian	0	0	0	95	40	50
Costa Rican	0	0	0	15	10	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Guatemalan	0	0	0	55	20	35
Guyanese	0	0	0	50	20	25
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	40	15	20
Maya	0	0	0	70	40	35
Mexican	0	0	0	185	110	75
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Salvadorean	0	0	0	60	45	20
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	30	15	15
African origins	0	0	0	1,635	795	840
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	225	130	95
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	45	25	20
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	10
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	45	35	10
Guinean	0	0	0	20	15	10
Ibo	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	45	25	25
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	60	25	35
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	25	15	10
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	10	0	0
North African origins	0	0	0	280	140	140
Algerian	0	0	0	15	0	15
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	90	50	35
Libyan	0	0	0	135	70	65
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	30	10	20
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	10	10	10
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	325	155	170
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	40	25	15
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	70	35	35
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	30	15	20
Rwandan	0	0	0	45	25	25
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	10	10	0
South African	0	0	0	55	20	35
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Zambian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	30	20	20
Other African origins	0	0	0	830	385	445
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	130	45	85
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	705	345	360
Asian origins	35	20	10	6,625	3,390	3,240
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	0	0	0	2,375	1,220	1,155
Afghan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	125	55	70
Armenian	0	0	0	55	20	35
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	10	0	10
Georgian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	340	165	175
Iraqi	0	0	0	65	25	35
Israeli	0	0	0	75	35	45
Jordanian	0	0	0	45	30	15
Kazakh	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	50	35	15
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	920	475	440
Palestinian	0	0	0	30	15	10
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	35	25	15
Syrian	0	0	0	565	280	285
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	10	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	85	55	20
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	30	15	10
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	10	0	0
South Asian origins	0	10	0	1,280	690	585
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	100	60	40
Bengali	0	0	0	20	15	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	35	20	15
East Indian	10	10	0	875	460	420
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	10	0
Nepali	0	0	0	145	70	80
Pakistani	0	0	0	80	50	30
Punjabi	0	0	0	20	15	10
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	50	35	15
Tamil	0	0	0	25	15	10
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	25	15	10
East and Southeast Asian origins	30	20	10	3,000	1,495	1,500
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	10	0	0	1,650	825	830
Filipino	0	0	10	440	200	245
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	70	35	35
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	20	10	0	460	245	215
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	40	30	10
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	10	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	35	15	20
Thai	0	0	0	35	0	35
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	320	175	145
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	35	15	20
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	35	15	20
Oceania origins	0	0	0	180	70	105
Australian	0	0	0	95	30	65
New Zealander	0	0	0	65	35	30
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	20	10	15
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	695	...	...	73,165	...	...
Owner	460	...	...	54,155	...	...
Renter	230	...	...	18,275	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	730	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	695	...	...	73,160	...	...
Condominium	15	...	...	2,130	...	...
Not condominium	680	...	...	71,030	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	695	...	...	73,165	...	...
No bedrooms	10	...	...	120	...	...
1 bedroom	75	...	...	5,555	...	...
2 bedrooms	195	...	...	19,455	...	...
3 bedrooms	270	...	...	28,370	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	150	...	...	19,670	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	695	...	...	73,160	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	145	...	...	14,120	...	...
5 rooms	110	...	...	12,825	...	...
6 rooms	130	...	...	12,120	...	...
7 rooms	125	...	...	10,350	...	...
8 or more rooms	170	...	...	23,750	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.3	...	...	6.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	695	...	...	73,160	...	...
One person or fewer per room	685	...	...	72,650	...	...
More than 1 person per room	0	...	...	510	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	695	...	...	73,160	...	...
Suitable	655	...	...	71,215	...	...
Not suitable	40	...	...	1,950	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	690	...	...	73,165	...	...
1960 or before	285	...	...	16,235	...	...
1961 to 1980	170	...	...	20,815	...	...
1981 to 1990	130	...	...	10,595	...	...
1991 to 2000	60	...	...	10,275	...	...
2001 to 2005	15	...	...	5,040	...	...
2006 to 2010	15	...	...	5,715	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	10	...	...	4,490	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	695	...	...	73,160	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	620	...	...	66,855	...	...
Major repairs needed	70	...	...	6,305	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	695	...	...	73,160	...	...
1 household maintainer	490	...	...	43,445	...	...
2 household maintainers	195	...	...	28,580	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	0	...	...	1,140	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	690	...	...	73,160	...	...
15 to 24 years	10	...	...	3,135	...	...
25 to 34 years	65	...	...	10,365	...	...
35 to 44 years	50	...	...	11,970	...	...
45 to 54 years	105	...	...	13,780	...	...
55 to 64 years	130	...	...	14,515	...	...
65 to 74 years	155	...	...	11,315	...	...
75 to 84 years	140	...	...	6,015	...	...
85 years and over	50	...	...	2,065	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	690	...	...	71,295	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	455	...	...	59,780	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	240	...	...	11,505	...	...
30% to less than 100%	235	...	...	10,125	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	460	...	...	53,400	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	52.2	...	...	55.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	19.8	...	...	9.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	724	...	...	750	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	907	...	...	899	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	178,551	...	...	170,186	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	224,479	...	...	183,356	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	235	...	...	18,200	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	19.6	...	...	12.7	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	63.8	...	...	34.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	873	...	...	795	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	890	...	...	807	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	1,265	585	675	143,005	69,785	73,220
No certificate, diploma or degree	395	180	215	25,040	13,290	11,750
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	330	155	175	43,700	21,865	21,835
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	540	250	285	74,260	34,625	39,640
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	200	125	75	11,790	8,440	3,350
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	115	60	55	6,190	3,570	2,615
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	85	65	25	5,605	4,870	730
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	245	95	155	29,425	11,645	17,780
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	20	0	20	2,275	815	1,460
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	65	30	40	30,765	13,720	17,050
Bachelor's degree	50	20	30	21,160	9,055	12,105
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	1,560	640	920
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	675	360	315
Master's degree	10	10	0	6,025	2,765	3,260
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	1,355	900	455
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	640	320	320	92,645	45,365	47,285
No certificate, diploma or degree	175	80	100	9,165	5,530	3,635
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	165	80	85	27,460	14,195	13,270
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	295	160	135	56,020	25,640	30,380
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	125	85	40	7,970	5,705	2,265
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	75	45	30	4,160	2,355	1,805
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	50	40	10	3,810	3,350	455
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	150	55	90	22,385	8,975	13,410
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	0	0	0	1,520	595	920
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	25	15	10	24,140	10,360	13,780
Bachelor's degree	15	15	0	16,710	7,000	9,705
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	1,200	465	730
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	565	270	295
Master's degree	0	0	0	4,720	2,045	2,675
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	10	0	950	580	370
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	1,260	585	680	143,005	69,785	73,220
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	730	330	390	68,740	35,160	33,585
Education	50	20	35	6,445	1,675	4,770
13. Education	50	15	35	6,445	1,675	4,775
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	1,665	675	995
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	290	215	75
50. Visual and performing arts	0	10	0	1,380	460	920
Humanities	15	10	0	4,280	1,795	2,485
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	255	80	180
23. English language and literature/letters	10	10	0	950	295	655
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	1,055	335	720
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	25	0	25
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	285	155	135
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	745	460	290
54. History	0	0	0	765	430	335
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	200	45	160
Social and behavioural sciences and law	40	0	40	7,360	2,200	5,160
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	65	10	50
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	10	580	245	335
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	20	0	20	1,285	65	1,225
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	10	1,310	400	910
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	0	130	45	80
42. Psychology	0	0	10	1,570	370	1,195
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	2,420	1,065	1,355
Business, management and public administration	55	0	50	14,750	4,115	10,630
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	55	10	45
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	10	1,360	250	1,105
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	50	0	55	13,340	3,855	9,485
Physical and life sciences and technologies	10	0	0	2,355	1,260	1,095
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	10	0	1,025	465	555
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	505	235	270
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	30	10	15
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	665	490	175
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	130	55	70
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	10	10	0	3,325	2,205	1,125
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	10	0	10	2,970	2,055	920
25. Library science	0	0	0	185	35	150
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0	165	110	55
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	150	125	20	15,820	14,870	950
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	135	90	45
14. Engineering	0	0	0	3,050	2,645	405
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	20	15	10	2,770	2,470	295
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	55	50	10	4,035	3,980	55
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	45	45	0	4,275	4,170	110
48. Precision production	25	25	0	1,550	1,505	50
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10	10	0	2,035	1,585	455
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	10	10	0	815	540	275
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	1,225	1,045	175
Health and related fields	100	10	90	11,035	1,530	9,500
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	850	325	530
51. Health professions and related programs	100	10	95	9,955	1,075	8,880
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	235	140	95
Personal, protective and transportation services	95	55	35	5,190	2,710	2,480
12. Personal and culinary services	40	0	35	2,770	580	2,190
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	100	85	10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	170	160	10
43. Security and protective services	15	10	0	1,050	840	205
49. Transportation and materials moving	40	45	0	1,105	1,040	60
Other	0	0	0	10	10	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	10	10	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	640	320	320	92,650	45,360	47,280
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	345	160	185	36,630	19,725	16,905
Education	10	10	0	4,305	1,030	3,270
13. Education	10	10	0	4,300	1,030	3,275
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	1,260	515	745
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	215	160	55
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	1,045	360	690
Humanities	10	0	0	3,115	1,225	1,890
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	225	70	155
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	655	185	475
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	0	800	235	565
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	20	10	15
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	210	110	105
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	525	315	210
54. History	0	0	0	555	290	260
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	130	25	105
Social and behavioural sciences and law	30	0	25	5,905	1,620	4,280
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	35	10	25
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	10	485	210	275
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	15	0	15	990	40	945
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	1,105	270	830
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	10	90	30	70
42. Psychology	0	0	0	1,260	275	985
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	1,940	795	1,145
Business, management and public administration	20	0	20	11,400	3,220	8,185
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	50	10	40
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	1,135	195	935
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	20	0	20	10,220	3,005	7,205
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	10	0	1,720	860	860
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	10	0	780	330	455
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	345	160	180
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	20	10	10
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	460	320	135
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	115	45	70
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	10	2,890	1,950	940
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	10	2,640	1,830	810
25. Library science	0	0	0	125	30	100
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	120	90	35
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	90	85	0	11,590	10,795	795
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	100	75	30
14. Engineering	0	0	0	2,380	2,020	360
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	15	0	10	2,105	1,845	260
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	35	35	10	2,970	2,925	40
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	25	25	0	2,970	2,895	80
48. Precision production	15	15	0	1,060	1,030	25
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	1,510	1,115	390
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	0	0	0	630	390	235
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	880	730	150
Health and related fields	55	10	50	8,350	1,225	7,125
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	600	245	355
51. Health professions and related programs	60	0	50	7,560	875	6,685
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	190	100	90
Personal, protective and transportation services	75	45	25	3,970	2,075	1,895
12. Personal and culinary services	30	0	20	2,120	440	1,680
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	85	80	10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	120	115	0
43. Security and protective services	10	10	0	790	635	150
49. Transportation and materials moving	35	35	0	855	810	40
Other	0	0	0	0	10	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	1,265	585	680	143,005	69,780	73,220
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	725	335	395	68,745	35,160	33,580
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	535	250	285	74,265	34,625	39,640
Location of study inside Canada	510	235	280	68,800	31,950	36,855
Same as province or territory of residence	500	220	275	52,825	24,440	28,390
Different than province or territory of residence	15	10	10	15,975	7,510	8,470
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	25	20	10	5,460	2,675	2,785
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	10	10	0	1,900	910	990
Philippines	0	0	0	160	45	115
India	0	0	0	215	110	105
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	10	10	0	675	360	325
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	0	0	430	215	215
France	0	0	0	80	55	30
Other	10	10	0	1,985	995	995
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	640	315	325	92,645	45,365	47,280
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	345	160	185	36,630	19,725	16,905
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	295	160	135	56,020	25,640	30,380
Location of study inside Canada	285	150	135	51,950	23,765	28,185
Same as province or territory of residence	275	145	130	39,395	17,960	21,435
Different than province or territory of residence	10	10	10	12,560	5,805	6,755
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	15	10	10	4,070	1,875	2,195
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	1,230	510	720
Philippines	0	0	0	155	45	110
India	0	0	0	140	65	65
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	10	0	0	345	170	175
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	0	0	415	205	215
France	0	0	0	70	35	30
Other	0	0	0	1,715	840	875
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	1,265	585	675	143,000	69,785	73,220
In the labour force	460	240	220	90,390	46,900	43,490
Employed	410	215	195	81,410	41,300	40,105
Unemployed	50	25	30	8,980	5,600	3,385
Not in the labour force	800	345	455	52,610	22,880	29,730
Participation rate	36.4	41.0	32.6	63.2	67.2	59.4
Employment rate	32.4	36.8	28.9	56.9	59.2	54.8
Unemployment rate	10.9	10.4	13.6	9.9	11.9	7.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	1,265	585	680	143,000	69,785	73,220
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	800	335	460	47,925	20,420	27,500
Worked	460	250	215	95,080	49,360	45,720
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	240	130	110	50,450	27,600	22,845
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	225	115	110	44,635	21,760	22,870
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.2	41.4	41.1	42.3	42.2	42.4
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	460	240	225	90,390	46,900	43,490
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	20	10	10	1,685	755	925
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	445	230	215	88,710	46,145	42,565
Employee	390	205	185	81,060	41,505	39,555
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	50	30	30	7,650	4,635	3,010
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	460	240	225	90,390	46,900	43,490
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	20	0	10	1,680	755	930
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	440	230	215	88,710	46,145	42,565
0 Management occupations	35	15	15	8,925	5,400	3,525
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	40	0	40	12,660	3,360	9,300
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	0	0	0	6,415	5,040	1,375
3 Health occupations	30	0	30	6,355	990	5,360
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	15	0	10	14,090	5,950	8,145
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	0	0	0	1,840	840	995
6 Sales and service occupations	130	50	80	19,685	7,645	12,035
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	120	120	0	13,005	12,415	595
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	25	25	0	3,035	2,445	590
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	40	20	25	2,705	2,065	645
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	460	240	225	90,390	46,900	43,495
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	15	10	10	1,680	755	925
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	440	230	215	88,710	46,145	42,565
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	3,560	2,695	870
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	10	0	425	400	30
22 Utilities	10	10	0	1,135	810	330
23 Construction	60	60	0	5,800	5,270	525
31-33 Manufacturing	50	30	15	5,335	3,875	1,460
41 Wholesale trade	10	10	0	2,100	1,665	430
44-45 Retail trade	70	30	40	10,305	4,635	5,670
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	25	20	10	4,180	3,085	1,095
51 Information and cultural industries	0	10	0	1,830	1,065	770
52 Finance and insurance	0	0	0	2,050	630	1,410
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	10	10	0	1,030	590	440
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	20	0	15	4,895	2,840	2,060
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	85	55	35
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	25	10	15	3,750	1,985	1,765
61 Educational services	10	0	0	7,400	2,485	4,910
62 Health care and social assistance	50	0	50	10,840	1,525	9,315
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	0	0	0	1,165	605	555
72 Accommodation and food services	65	25	35	5,585	1,965	3,620
81 Other services (except public administration)	10	10	0	3,870	1,815	2,055
91 Public administration	15	0	15	13,370	8,150	5,220
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	410	215	195	81,410	41,305	40,105
Worked at home	10	0	10	4,965	2,405	2,560
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	355	235	120
No fixed workplace address	65	60	10	8,775	6,510	2,260
Worked at usual place	330	155	180	67,315	32,150	35,160
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	330	155	180	67,315	32,150	35,160
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	100	35	70	30,460	14,580	15,880
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	110	50	55	24,675	11,730	12,945
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	120	65	55	11,180	5,145	6,035
Commute to a different province or territory	10	10	0	995	700	295
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	400	210	190	76,090	38,665	37,425
Car, truck, van - as a driver	325	190	140	63,765	33,120	30,645
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	30	15	15	5,665	2,100	3,565
Public transit	10	0	10	1,485	760	725
Walked	35	10	25	3,670	1,800	1,875
Bicycle	0	0	0	475	305	170
Other method	0	0	0	1,030	580	440
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	395	210	190	76,085	38,665	37,420
Less than 15 minutes	120	45	80	31,565	15,590	15,975
15 to 29 minutes	80	50	30	29,200	14,670	14,535
30 to 44 minutes	40	15	25	9,530	5,020	4,510
45 to 59 minutes	90	50	35	2,845	1,415	1,430
60 minutes and over	70	50	15	2,945	1,965	975
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	395	215	185	76,090	38,665	37,420
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	90	55	40	3,455	2,315	1,140
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	95	60	30	12,250	7,460	4,795
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	65	30	40	28,540	14,725	13,820
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	50	20	30	15,555	6,625	8,935
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	25	10	20	6,250	2,410	3,840
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	70	40	30	10,035	5,135	4,905
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	500	265	235	97,710	50,545	47,165
Single responses	500	265	240	96,175	49,935	46,240
Official languages	500	265	235	95,895	49,775	46,120
English	500	260	235	94,305	49,250	45,055
French	0	0	0	1,595	520	1,070
Non-official languages	0	0	0	285	170	115
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Malecite	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	270	160	110
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	35	20	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	30	20	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	25	15	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	0	10
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	30	20	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	25	25	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	50	25	25
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	15	0	15
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	15	10	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	15	15	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	15	15	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	10	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	125	70	55
Chinese languages	0	0	0	125	65	60
Cantonese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	105	55	55
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	1,535	610	925
English and French	0	0	0	1,405	560	840
English and non-official language	0	0	0	120	50	75
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	500	265	235	97,710	50,545	47,160
None	500	265	235	87,900	46,150	41,750
English	0	0	0	1,200	460	740
French	0	0	0	7,965	3,580	4,385
Non-official language	0	0	0	605	340	265
Aboriginal	0	0	0	130	40	85
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	475	290	180
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	15	10	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	30	15	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	1,465	665	805	169,380	83,225	86,155
Non-movers	1,280	575	710	146,890	72,235	74,655
Movers	185	90	95	22,490	10,990	11,500
Non-migrants	80	45	35	11,400	5,625	5,780
Migrants	110	50	60	11,095	5,370	5,725
Internal migrants	110	50	60	9,565	4,605	4,960
Intraprovincial migrants	100	40	60	5,940	2,785	3,155
Interprovincial migrants	0	10	0	3,620	1,820	1,805
External migrants	0	0	0	1,535	765	765
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	1,405	640	765	162,015	79,435	82,575
Non-movers	885	410	485	105,570	51,965	53,600
Movers	515	235	280	56,440	27,465	28,975
Non-migrants	215	85	130	26,265	12,645	13,620
Migrants	300	150	150	30,175	14,820	15,355
Internal migrants	295	145	150	26,430	12,860	13,575
Intraprovincial migrants	250	120	130	16,040	7,560	8,480
Interprovincial migrants	45	25	20	10,395	5,300	5,090
External migrants	10	10	0	3,745	1,965	1,780

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Marmora [Population centre], Ontario and Zone 3 (Fredericton area) [Health region, December 2017], New Brunswick (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 6, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Marmora [Population centre], Ontario and Zone 3 (Fredericton area) [Health region, December 2017], New Brunswick

Census Profile, 2016 Census Marmora [Population centre], Ontario and Zone 3 (Fredericton area) [Health region, December 2017], New Brunswick

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Marmora [Population centre], Ontario and Zone 3 (Fredericton area) [Health region, December 2017], New Brunswick