Census Profile, 2016 Census
Moncton [Population centre], New Brunswick and Melville [Population centre], Saskatchewan

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Moncton New Brunswick [Population centre]			Melville Saskatchewan [Population centre]
	Data quality , Moncton [Population centre], New Brunswick Map : Moncton [Population centre], New Brunswick Change geography 1			Data quality : Melville [Population centre], Saskatchewan Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	108,620	...	...	4,127	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	103,926 ^r	...	...	4,080^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	4.5	...	...	1.2	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	51,242	...	...	2,177	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	47,269	...	...	1,943	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	984.3	...	...	1,450.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	110.35	...	...	2.84	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	108,625	52,330	56,295	4,125	1,975	2,145
0 to 14 years	17,245	8,875	8,375	675	340	335
0 to 4 years	5,510	2,845	2,670	225	110	115
5 to 9 years	6,030	3,060	2,970	230	115	120
10 to 14 years	5,710	2,975	2,735	220	120	105
15 to 64 years	72,840	35,495	37,345	2,445	1,210	1,235
15 to 19 years	5,890	2,985	2,905	210	110	105
20 to 24 years	7,435	3,620	3,815	235	110	125
25 to 29 years	7,290	3,595	3,695	240	115	120
30 to 34 years	7,465	3,640	3,825	230	105	120
35 to 39 years	7,465	3,630	3,835	260	130	135
40 to 44 years	7,770	3,740	4,035	200	110	90
45 to 49 years	7,420	3,675	3,750	225	100	125
50 to 54 years	8,050	3,900	4,150	290	140	150
55 to 59 years	7,360	3,535	3,825	280	145	140
60 to 64 years	6,680	3,170	3,505	265	135	130
65 years and over	18,540	7,965	10,575	1,000	430	575
65 to 69 years	6,050	2,795	3,260	230	105	125
70 to 74 years	4,355	1,965	2,390	195	95	100
75 to 79 years	3,095	1,375	1,725	180	80	95
80 to 84 years	2,380	955	1,430	190	70	125
85 years and over	2,655	880	1,775	205	75	125
85 to 89 years	1,555	545	1,005	145	55	90
90 to 94 years	850	275	575	40	15	25
95 to 99 years	220	55	170	15	5	10
100 years and over	25	0	25	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.9	17.0	14.9	16.4	17.2	15.6
15 to 64 years	67.1	67.8	66.3	59.3	61.3	57.6
65 years and over	17.1	15.2	18.8	24.2	21.8	26.8
85 years and over	2.4	1.7	3.2	5.0	3.8	5.8
Average age of the population	41.1	39.9	42.3	44.3	43.0	45.6
Median age of the population	41.0	39.7	42.1	45.1	43.0	46.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	47,265	...	...	1,945	...	...
Single-detached house	22,890	...	...	1,525	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,375	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	22,355	...	...	355	...	...
Semi-detached house	5,815	...	...	65	...	...
Row house	1,895	...	...	35	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	2,910	...	...	15	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	11,635	...	...	215	...	...
Other single-attached house	110	...	...	20	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	650	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	47,270	...	...	1,945	...	...
1 person	14,335	...	...	740	...	...
2 persons	17,780	...	...	690	...	...
3 persons	7,115	...	...	230	...	...
4 persons	5,730	...	...	185	...	...
5 or more persons	2,305	...	...	100	...	...
Number of persons in private households	106,585	...	...	4,090	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	91,380	43,455	47,920	3,450	1,635	1,810
Married or living common law	51,620	25,765	25,860	2,080	1,040	1,035
Married	39,580	19,765	19,815	1,715	860	855
Living common law	12,040	6,000	6,040	360	180	180
Not married and not living common law	39,755	17,695	22,065	1,370	595	775
Never married	25,685	13,335	12,355	750	410	335
Separated	3,270	1,340	1,935	85	30	55
Divorced	5,620	1,985	3,630	195	85	110
Widowed	5,175	1,035	4,140	345	70	275
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	30,705	...	...	1,190	...	...
2 persons	17,130	...	...	715	...	...
3 persons	6,540	...	...	215	...	...
4 persons	5,310	...	...	175	...	...
5 or more persons	1,720	...	...	90	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	30,705	...	...	1,190	...	...
Total couple families	25,420	...	...	1,025	...	...
Married couples	19,395	...	...	845	...	...
Common-law couples	6,020	...	...	180	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	5,285	...	...	165	...	...
Female parent	4,315	...	...	135	...	...
Male parent	970	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	25,415	...	...	1,025	...	...
Couples without children	13,750	...	...	615	...	...
Couples with children	11,670	...	...	410	...	...
1 child	5,095	...	...	170	...	...
2 children	4,945	...	...	160	...	...
3 or more children	1,630	...	...	80	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	5,285	...	...	165	...	...
1 child	3,380	...	...	100	...	...
2 children	1,450	...	...	50	...	...
3 or more children	450	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	22,320	10,265	12,055	855	375	480
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	47,270	...	...	1,945	...	...
One-census-family households	29,740	...	...	1,170	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	13,350	...	...	605	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	16,390	...	...	560	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	480	...	...	15	...	...
Non-census-family households	17,045	...	...	765	...	...
One-person households	14,335	...	...	740	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	2,710	...	...	25	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	107,215	51,700	55,515	4,105	1,965	2,140
English only	50,855	25,460	25,395	3,970	1,905	2,060
French only	3,635	1,725	1,910	0	0	0
English and French	52,150	24,225	27,925	135	60	75
Neither English nor French	575	290	285	5	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	107,210	51,700	55,515	4,105	1,965	2,140
English	67,095	32,745	34,350	4,080	1,960	2,120
French	38,565	18,175	20,385	20	5	15
English and French	1,005	500	505	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	545	275	270	5	0	5
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	39,065	18,430	20,640	20	5	15
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	36.4	35.6	37.2	0.5	0.3	0.7
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	107,210	51,695	55,515	4,105	1,970	2,135
Single responses	104,835	50,550	54,285	4,060	1,955	2,100
Official languages	100,070	48,100	51,970	3,655	1,760	1,895
English	62,275	30,355	31,920	3,635	1,755	1,880
French	37,800	17,740	20,050	20	10	15
Non-official languages	4,765	2,450	2,315	400	195	210
Aboriginal languages	35	15	20	0	5	0
Algonquian languages	30	10	15	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	25	10	10	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	5	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	5	5	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	4,730	2,440	2,300	400	190	205
Afro-Asiatic languages	905	525	385	0	0	0
Berber languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	10	10	5	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	880	505	375	0	0	0
Amharic	5	5	0	0	0	0
Arabic	825	485	345	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	35	10	25	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10	10	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	235	105	130	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Vietnamese	235	110	125	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	315	115	200	85	45	35
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	5	5	5	5	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	0	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	10	5	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	5	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	275	105	170	80	45	35
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	55	20	35	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	10	5	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	45	10	30	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	85	50	35	5	5	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tamil	20	10	10	0	0	0
Telugu	45	25	15	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,445	735	720	275	125	155
Albanian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Armenian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	260	130	130	95	45	55
Baltic languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	250	125	125	95	45	50
Belarusan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Croatian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Czech	10	5	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	45	20	30	10	5	5
Russian	135	65	65	5	5	0
Serbian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	35	15	15	80	35	45
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	5	0	0	0	0
Welsh	5	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	280	135	145	165	75	95
Afrikaans	15	10	5	0	5	0
Danish	10	5	5	0	0	5
Dutch	80	45	35	10	5	0
Frisian	5	5	0	0	0	0
German	150	65	85	155	65	85
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Swedish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	15	10	5	5	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	275	155	120	5	0	5
Indo-Aryan languages	185	100	85	0	0	5
Bengali	35	20	15	0	0	0
Gujarati	25	10	5	0	0	0
Hindi	25	20	10	5	0	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	0	5	0	0	0
Nepali	5	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	20	5	10	0	0	0
Sindhi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	70	40	30	0	0	0
Iranian languages	85	50	35	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	85	50	35	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	590	285	305	5	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	140	80	65	0	0	0
Portuguese	50	20	35	0	0	0
Romanian	105	50	55	0	0	0
Spanish	295	135	160	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	35	10	20	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	520	275	250	5	5	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	345	195	150	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	55	35	20	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	5	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	40	25	10	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	5	5	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	0	5	0	0	0
Lingala	10	10	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	20	5	10	0	0	0
Shona	15	10	5	0	0	0
Swahili	55	25	25	0	0	0
Wolof	25	15	5	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	5	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	90	50	40	0	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	5	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	690	355	330	20	10	5
Chinese languages	670	345	320	20	10	5
Cantonese	125	70	55	5	5	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	440	200	240	0	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	70	65	10	10	5	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	25	10	10	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	15	10	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	35	20	15	10	10	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	5	0	0	0	5	0
Hungarian	30	15	10	10	5	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	2,375	1,150	1,230	50	15	35
English and French	1,835	875	960	0	0	0
English and non-official language	315	150	160	45	15	30
French and non-official language	185	100	85	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	45	20	25	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	107,215	51,700	55,515	4,105	1,965	2,135
Single responses	104,240	50,260	53,985	4,035	1,935	2,100
Official languages	101,505	48,865	52,640	3,960	1,895	2,070
English	70,850	34,485	36,370	3,960	1,895	2,065
French	30,655	14,380	16,275	5	0	0
Non-official languages	2,735	1,390	1,345	70	45	35
Aboriginal languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	5	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,735	1,395	1,340	75	40	35
Afro-Asiatic languages	625	340	290	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	625	335	285	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	600	330	275	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	20	10	10	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	5	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	215	105	110	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	210	105	110	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	75	35	40	35	15	15
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	5	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	5	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	70	35	35	35	20	15
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	15	5	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	40	25	10	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tamil	10	5	0	0	0	0
Telugu	25	20	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	625	305	320	20	10	10
Albanian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Armenian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	125	60	65	5	5	5
Baltic languages	5	0	5	5	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	5	0	5	0	0
Slavic languages	125	60	65	5	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	5	0	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Russian	85	45	45	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	15	10	5	5	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	35	15	20	5	5	0
Afrikaans	10	5	5	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	10	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	15	5	10	5	5	5
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	5	0	0	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	160	85	80	5	5	0
Indo-Aryan languages	105	50	55	5	5	0
Bengali	20	10	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	5	5	0	0	0
Hindi	15	10	10	0	5	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	45	20	25	0	0	0
Iranian languages	60	35	25	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	60	35	25	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	285	135	150	0	0	0
Catalan	0	5	0	0	0	0
Italian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Portuguese	35	10	20	0	0	0
Romanian	75	40	35	0	0	0
Spanish	145	70	80	0	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	5	10	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	430	220	210	5	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	120	65	55	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	20	15	5	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	10	5	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	5	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	15	10	5	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	5	0	5	0	0	0
Swahili	25	10	15	0	0	0
Wolof	0	5	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	30	20	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	10	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	20	15	10	0	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	530	260	275	15	10	5
Chinese languages	510	250	265	15	10	5
Cantonese	80	40	40	5	5	0
Hakka	0	0	5	0	0	0
Mandarin	380	175	210	5	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	40	30	10	5	5	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Burmese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	5	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	2,970	1,445	1,530	70	30	40
English and French	1,900	865	1,040	10	5	5
English and non-official language	760	400	355	65	25	35
French and non-official language	195	110	85	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	115	65	50	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	107,215	51,700	55,510	4,105	1,965	2,140
None	84,725	41,220	43,505	3,920	1,880	2,040
English	12,310	5,710	6,595	45	20	20
French	8,395	3,860	4,535	20	10	15
Non-official language	1,495	740	755	125	55	70
Aboriginal	30	20	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,460	725	740	120	55	65
English and French	80	40	35	0	0	0
English and non-official language	110	65	50	0	0	0
French and non-official language	95	55	45	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	5	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	89,360	42,540	46,825	3,415	1,620	1,795
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	85,915	40,680	45,235	3,315	1,570	1,740
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,336	38,846	28,787	34,951	45,440	27,115
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	85,940	40,685	45,260	3,315	1,570	1,745
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,925	34,144	26,342	31,856	39,680	25,760
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	77,855	37,890	39,970	3,010	1,475	1,535
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,280	36,773	26,458	31,368	41,765	23,904
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	60,565	24,990	35,575	2,370	980	1,390
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,148	6,439	5,987	9,395	9,312	9,408
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	65,065	32,650	32,415	2,305	1,200	1,100
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,542	35,841	27,881	34,645	42,784	29,248
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	89,410	42,470	46,940	3,375	1,650	1,730
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	85,880	40,545	45,330	3,270	1,575	1,695
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,664	48,342	35,691	44,350	54,437	34,979
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	85,905	40,550	45,350	3,270	1,575	1,695
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,783	39,524	30,543	37,549	44,944	30,679
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	77,885	37,770	40,120	2,950	1,430	1,525
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,027	46,917	33,540	41,611	52,951	30,988
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	60,355	24,855	35,500	2,370	1,020	1,355
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,632	7,570	7,676	9,370	9,992	8,905
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	65,110	32,470	32,640	2,245	1,140	1,110
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,664	45,497	33,862	45,398	55,558	34,991
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	89,410	42,470	46,940	3,375	1,645	1,730
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	33,490	17,485	16,010	1,085	585	500
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	46,383	50,817	42,255	56,730	69,350	49,051
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	55,097	61,735	47,848	65,789	77,583	51,949
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	87.1	90.3	83.2	84.8	89.3	78.2
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	72.2	75.1	68.6	68.6	72.9	62.6
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	12.9	9.7	16.8	15.3	10.8	21.7
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	89,360	42,540	46,820	3,415	1,625	1,795
Without total income	3,440	1,855	1,585	100	50	50
With total income	85,915	40,680	45,235	3,315	1,570	1,740
Percentage with total income	96.1	95.6	96.6	97.1	96.6	96.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	11,110	4,755	6,355	320	125	195
$10,000 to $19,999	14,085	5,105	8,975	630	225	410
$20,000 to $29,999	13,715	5,525	8,185	515	190	325
$30,000 to $39,999	12,030	5,625	6,405	405	165	240
$40,000 to $49,999	10,100	5,065	5,035	360	160	200
$50,000 to $59,999	6,825	3,675	3,160	280	135	140
$60,000 to $69,999	5,070	2,895	2,170	195	120	80
$70,000 to $79,999	3,995	2,155	1,840	165	110	50
$80,000 to $89,999	2,845	1,520	1,325	95	65	25
$90,000 to $99,999	1,735	1,120	615	100	70	30
$100,000 and over	4,415	3,235	1,180	255	210	45
$100,000 to $149,999	3,095	2,225	870	210	175	35
$150,000 and over	1,320	1,005	310	45	35	10
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	89,360	42,540	46,820	3,415	1,625	1,795
Without after-tax income	3,420	1,860	1,560	100	50	50
With after-tax income	85,945	40,685	45,260	3,315	1,570	1,740
Percentage with after-tax income	96.2	95.6	96.7	97.1	96.6	96.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	11,570	4,825	6,750	330	120	205
$10,000 to $19,999	15,020	5,545	9,480	660	235	425
$20,000 to $29,999	16,510	6,985	9,520	570	220	350
$30,000 to $39,999	14,775	7,115	7,660	520	210	310
$40,000 to $49,999	10,235	5,425	4,810	410	205	205
$50,000 to $59,999	6,685	3,795	2,890	260	155	110
$60,000 to $69,999	4,790	2,535	2,255	180	130	50
$70,000 to $79,999	2,435	1,585	845	145	100	45
$80,000 and over	3,925	2,875	1,055	240	195	45
$80,000 to $89,999	1,305	915	390	95	70	20
$90,000 to $99,999	790	590	205	60	60	5
$100,000 and over	1,830	1,370	460	85	70	15
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	89,360	42,540	46,820	3,415	1,620	1,795
Without employment income	24,300	9,885	14,410	1,115	420	695
With employment income	65,065	32,650	32,410	2,305	1,200	1,100
Percentage with employment income	72.8	76.8	69.2	67.5	74.1	61.3
Under $5,000 (including loss)	8,045	3,925	4,120	320	185	140
$5,000 to $9,999	5,475	2,365	3,110	165	65	95
$10,000 to $19,999	8,860	3,870	4,990	265	115	150
$20,000 to $29,999	8,845	3,920	4,925	285	110	170
$30,000 to $39,999	8,235	3,955	4,285	250	105	145
$40,000 to $49,999	6,895	3,480	3,420	215	80	130
$50,000 to $59,999	4,645	2,600	2,050	195	90	110
$60,000 to $69,999	3,800	2,120	1,680	115	70	45
$70,000 to $79,999	3,155	1,620	1,535	115	80	30
$80,000 and over	7,105	4,805	2,300	380	300	80
$80,000 to $89,999	2,255	1,215	1,040	85	50	35
$90,000 to $99,999	1,420	940	485	80	60	15
$100,000 and over	3,425	2,655	775	215	185	30
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	47,270	...	...	1,940	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	61,121	...	...	60,608	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	53,641	...	...	53,581	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	14,335	...	...	740	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,312	...	...	28,928	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,102	...	...	26,598	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	32,935	...	...	1,205	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	77,904	...	...	82,560	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	67,514	...	...	73,173	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	47,275	...	...	1,945	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	75,688	...	...	74,660	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	63,206	...	...	63,212	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	14,340	...	...	745	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,716	...	...	36,331	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,619	...	...	31,815	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	32,935	...	...	1,205	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	91,348	...	...	98,354	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	76,086	...	...	82,619	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	47,270	...	...	1,940	...	...
Under $5,000	665	...	...	15	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	1,160	...	...	20	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,025	...	...	45	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,250	...	...	155	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,435	...	...	135	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,195	...	...	75	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,395	...	...	120	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,465	...	...	85	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,335	...	...	100	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,235	...	...	75	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,060	...	...	135	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,630	...	...	155	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,390	...	...	130	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,935	...	...	100	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,345	...	...	75	...	...
$100,000 and over	11,755	...	...	510	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,580	...	...	170	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,860	...	...	135	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,700	...	...	150	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,610	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	47,265	...	...	1,945	...	...
Under $5,000	680	...	...	15	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	1,175	...	...	20	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,050	...	...	45	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,385	...	...	155	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,800	...	...	140	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,590	...	...	95	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,955	...	...	135	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,950	...	...	115	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,620	...	...	90	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,630	...	...	90	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,775	...	...	190	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	4,315	...	...	150	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,535	...	...	145	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,915	...	...	95	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,280	...	...	95	...	...
$100,000 and over	7,625	...	...	360	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,845	...	...	170	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,905	...	...	115	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,875	...	...	80	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	30,845	...	...	1,190	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	78,790	...	...	81,749	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	67,995	...	...	71,973	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	13,095	...	...	600	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,432	...	...	73,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	63,917	...	...	65,829	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	11,785	...	...	410	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	106,028	...	...	119,552	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	89,580	...	...	100,779	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.8	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	5,040	...	...	160	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	44,271	...	...	48,256	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	41,481	...	...	45,056	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	30,860	...	...	1,190	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	92,343	...	...	97,053	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,700	...	...	81,434	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	13,095	...	...	615	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	84,521	...	...	94,321	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	70,530	...	...	78,737	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	11,850	...	...	400	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	118,713	...	...	119,948	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,998	...	...	99,815	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,995	...	...	165	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,404	...	...	51,828	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,056	...	...	46,684	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	20,165	9,335	10,830	800	345	455
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	29,288	30,506	28,344	28,928	34,944	25,237
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	26,708	27,284	26,192	26,598	31,072	24,640
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	20,065	9,170	10,890	815	390	425
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	36,312	37,268	35,506	36,345	37,491	35,291
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	30,960	31,308	30,668	31,848	32,392	31,348
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	106,590	51,400	55,185	4,090	1,965	2,125
In the bottom half of the distribution	59,890	28,115	31,770	2,090	925	1,170
In the bottom decile	12,405	5,830	6,570	300	130	170
In the second decile	12,055	5,275	6,785	565	240	325
In the third decile	11,935	5,650	6,285	395	190	205
In the fourth decile	11,960	5,785	6,175	360	150	210
In the fifth decile	11,535	5,580	5,955	475	220	260
In the top half of the distribution	46,700	23,285	23,415	2,000	1,040	960
In the sixth decile	11,230	5,485	5,740	440	230	210
In the seventh decile	10,975	5,475	5,495	450	220	230
In the eighth decile	10,475	5,190	5,285	380	190	190
In the ninth decile	8,090	4,085	4,010	435	240	195
In the top decile	5,930	3,045	2,880	295	160	135
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	106,590	51,400	55,185	4,090	1,960	2,130
0 to 17 years	20,695	10,640	10,050	795	410	390
0 to 5 years	6,680	3,440	3,240	255	135	125
18 to 64 years	68,605	33,180	35,430	2,300	1,130	1,170
65 years and over	17,285	7,580	9,705	990	430	565
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	17,585	7,835	9,745	655	280	370
0 to 17 years	4,550	2,355	2,195	155	85	70
0 to 5 years	1,690	875	810	50	30	20
18 to 64 years	10,480	4,660	5,820	260	115	145
65 years and over	2,550	820	1,730	235	75	155
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	16.5	15.2	17.7	16.0	14.3	17.4
0 to 17 years (%)	22.0	22.1	21.8	19.5	20.7	17.9
0 to 5 years (%)	25.3	25.4	25.0	19.6	22.2	16.0
18 to 64 years (%)	15.3	14.0	16.4	11.3	10.2	12.4
65 years and over (%)	14.8	10.8	17.8	23.7	17.4	27.4
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	10,540	5,030	5,510	175	80	95
0 to 17 years	2,640	1,365	1,275	45	20	25
0 to 5 years	1,000	515	480	20	5	10
18 to 64 years	7,325	3,495	3,830	120	55	60
65 years and over	580	175	405	15	0	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	9.9	9.8	10.0	4.3	4.1	4.5
0 to 17 years (%)	12.8	12.8	12.7	5.7	4.9	6.4
0 to 5 years (%)	15.0	15.0	14.8	7.8	3.7	8.0
18 to 64 years (%)	10.7	10.5	10.8	5.2	4.9	5.1
65 years and over (%)	3.4	2.3	4.2	1.5	0.0	1.8
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	106,645	51,400	55,250	4,075	1,980	2,095
Official languages	106,100	51,125	54,970	4,070	1,970	2,095
English	102,410	49,355	53,060	4,065	1,975	2,090
French	55,475	25,855	29,620	90	35	55
Non-official languages	7,705	3,955	3,750	475	245	235
Aboriginal languages	70	45	25	10	10	0
Algonquian languages	65	40	20	0	10	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	60	40	20	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	55	40	20	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	7,640	3,915	3,720	475	240	235
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,335	785	555	0	0	0
Berber languages	45	25	20	0	0	0
Kabyle	35	20	15	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,315	765	550	0	0	0
Amharic	55	35	25	0	0	0
Arabic	1,205	700	505	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	40	25	15	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	45	20	25	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	280	150	135	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	285	145	135	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	460	205	250	180	105	80
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	40	15	25	10	10	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	15	10	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	25	0	25	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	440	195	245	175	105	75
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	185	65	125	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	20	0	10	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	135	35	95	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	35	25	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	120	65	55	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	30	15	15	0	0	0
Tamil	20	15	10	0	0	0
Telugu	65	35	30	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,980	1,460	1,515	240	115	130
Albanian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Armenian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	285	160	125	70	40	35
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	280	160	120	70	35	35
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	10	10	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Polish	70	35	30	10	0	0
Russian	175	90	90	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Slovak	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	30	20	10	70	35	35
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	20	0	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	20	0	15	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	575	305	265	155	75	80
Afrikaans	35	20	15	0	10	0
Danish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dutch	100	55	35	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	395	195	205	145	70	70
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	15	15	10	0	0	0
Swedish	20	15	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	270	160	115	10	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	205	120	85	0	0	10
Bengali	50	30	15	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hindi	75	45	30	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	10	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	80	50	30	10	0	10
Iranian languages	60	35	25	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	60	40	25	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,955	890	1,060	15	10	10
Catalan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	255	130	125	0	0	0
Portuguese	130	70	55	0	0	0
Romanian	195	110	85	0	0	0
Spanish	1,465	645	825	10	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	130	70	60	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	585	290	295	15	10	15
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	780	465	315	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	125	55	70	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	85	70	15	0	0	0
Ga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	10	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	95	80	20	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Shona	30	10	20	0	0	0
Swahili	180	100	80	0	0	0
Wolof	50	40	15	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	285	165	115	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	165	70	95	0	0	0
American Sign Language	70	30	45	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	105	45	55	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	810	410	405	30	15	15
Chinese languages	760	390	375	30	15	10
Cantonese	150	80	75	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	555	255	300	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	25	0	15	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	130	95	40	25	10	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	50	20	30	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	45	10	30	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	45	25	15	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	45	20	15	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	60	25	35	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	10	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	55	20	30	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	45	25	20	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	106,650	51,400	55,245	4,075	1,980	2,095
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	101,900	48,930	52,970	3,820	1,845	1,980
Canadian citizens aged under 18	19,700	10,160	9,535	705	330	375
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	82,205	38,770	43,435	3,115	1,510	1,605
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	4,745	2,470	2,280	260	135	125
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	106,645	51,395	55,250	4,080	1,980	2,100
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	98,540	47,300	51,240	3,760	1,815	1,945
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	6,900	3,360	3,535	260	135	125
Before 1981	1,660	730	930	30	15	15
1981 to 1990	355	190	160	10	0	0
1991 to 2000	470	270	205	0	0	10
2001 to 2010	1,700	810	890	85	45	40
2001 to 2005	570	235	335	10	0	0
2006 to 2010	1,135	575	560	80	35	40
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	2,715	1,365	1,345	130	70	65
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	1,205	730	470	55	30	25
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	6,900	3,365	3,535	260	135	125
Under 5 years	970	440	525	65	25	45
5 to 14 years	1,540	770	770	60	45	15
15 to 24 years	1,190	520	670	10	0	0
25 to 44 years	2,710	1,335	1,380	120	60	60
45 years and over	490	295	200	15	10	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	6,900	3,365	3,535	260	135	125
Americas	1,415	630	790	15	10	0
Brazil	15	0	15	0	0	0
Colombia	80	35	45	0	0	0
El Salvador	20	20	0	0	0	0
Guyana	40	25	15	0	0	0
Haiti	60	20	45	0	0	0
Jamaica	40	25	15	0	0	0
Mexico	35	15	20	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	10	0	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	975	435	540	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Americas	145	50	90	0	0	0
Europe	1,800	870	930	20	10	10
Bosnia and Herzegovina	15	10	0	0	0	0
Croatia	10	10	0	0	0	0
France	320	160	160	0	0	0
Germany	175	95	80	10	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	30	10	25	0	0	0
Italy	80	45	35	0	0	0
Netherlands	55	35	25	0	0	0
Poland	40	15	20	0	0	0
Portugal	15	10	10	0	0	0
Romania	175	100	75	0	0	0
Russian Federation	45	15	30	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	25	15	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	605	250	355	15	10	10
Other places of birth in Europe	205	110	90	10	10	0
Africa	1,065	605	455	10	0	0
Algeria	110	55	55	0	0	0
Egypt	20	10	10	0	0	0
Ethiopia	35	25	15	0	0	0
Kenya	0	10	0	0	0	0
Morocco	85	50	40	0	0	0
Nigeria	15	15	10	0	0	0
Somalia	0	10	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	35	25	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	755	430	325	0	10	0
Asia	2,615	1,255	1,355	215	115	100
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	20	15	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	495	185	310	15	10	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	45	20	25	0	0	0
India	160	90	70	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	40	25	15	0	0	0
Iraq	10	10	0	0	0	0
Japan	35	10	25	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	500	265	245	0	0	0
Lebanon	105	70	40	0	0	0
Pakistan	55	35	20	10	0	0
Philippines	350	140	215	195	100	90
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	290	130	155	0	0	0
Taiwan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	260	125	130	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	235	140	95	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	2,710	1,365	1,345	135	70	65
Americas	180	75	105	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	35	10	25	0	0	0
Jamaica	20	10	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	65	30	35	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	25	10	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	25	10	25	0	0	0
Europe	455	230	230	0	0	0
France	180	95	80	0	0	0
Germany	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	130	75	55	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	15	15	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	30	15	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	75	25	50	0	0	0
Africa	430	270	165	10	0	0
Algeria	0	10	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	10	10	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	75	35	40	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	10	0	0	0	0
Egypt	15	10	10	0	0	0
Eritrea	40	15	20	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	30	20	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tunisia	50	30	20	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	175	120	60	0	0	0
Asia	1,635	790	850	130	70	60
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	15	0	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	345	145	200	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	10	0	0	0	0
India	60	30	30	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	30	20	15	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	25	15	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	260	120	140	0	0	0
Lebanon	50	40	10	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Philippines	270	120	155	125	70	50
Saudi Arabia	20	20	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	265	125	140	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	25	15	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	195	100	100	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	55	25	25	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	106,650	51,400	55,250	4,080	1,980	2,100
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	8,565	4,360	4,210	315	160	150
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	6,855	3,450	3,400	575	235	335
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	91,230	43,590	47,640	3,190	1,575	1,610
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	5,300	2,655	2,645	230	115	115
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	3,175	1,670	1,510	210	120	95
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	1,240	860	380	70	50	15
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	1,940	810	1,130	145	70	75
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	1,085	460	625	15	0	15
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	1,005	515	490	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	35	15	20	0	0	10
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	106,650	51,395	55,250	4,075	1,980	2,100
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	2,665	1,230	1,430	250	110	135
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	2,540	1,195	1,345	240	105	135
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	1,245	565	680	155	55	100
Métis	1,235	600	635	85	50	35
Inuk (Inuit)	60	30	25	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	25	0	15	10	0	10
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	95	30	70	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	103,985	50,170	53,820	3,825	1,865	1,965
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	106,650	51,395	55,250	4,080	1,980	2,100
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	810	395	415	115	40	75
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	105,840	51,005	54,835	3,960	1,935	2,020
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	106,645	51,400	55,245	4,075	1,975	2,100
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	720	340	375	125	65	60
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	715	335	375	125	60	60
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	505	215	285	110	50	65
Métis single ancestry	180	100	80	10	15	0
Inuit single ancestry	35	20	15	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	10	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	4,480	1,995	2,485	165	75	90
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	4,360	1,960	2,400	150	65	85
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,235	1,460	1,775	60	15	45
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,065	475	585	95	55	40
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	60	15	40	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	120	30	80	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	105	30	70	10	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	101,450	49,065	52,385	3,785	1,840	1,950
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	106,645	51,400	55,250	4,075	1,980	2,095
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	6,555	3,470	3,090	315	165	155
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	410	235	175	10	0	0
Chinese	830	410	425	25	15	15
Black	2,230	1,185	1,045	35	20	15
Filipino	540	265	270	235	125	105
Latin American	250	115	130	0	0	0
Arab	1,005	605	400	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	405	195	210	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	55	35	15	0	0	0
Korean	580	300	275	20	10	15
Japanese	85	20	60	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	35	15	25	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	130	80	55	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	100,095	47,930	52,160	3,755	1,815	1,940
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	106,650	51,400	55,250	4,080	1,980	2,095
North American Aboriginal origins	5,195	2,335	2,865	290	140	150
First Nations (North American Indian)	3,850	1,720	2,130	180	70	110
Inuit	105	45	65	0	0	0
Métis	1,360	605	750	120	75	45
Other North American origins	60,980	28,905	32,075	785	375	420
Acadian	7,710	3,585	4,125	0	0	0
American	765	385	385	10	10	0
Canadian	55,860	26,460	29,400	785	370	415
New Brunswicker	35	15	15	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	65	30	35	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	170	95	75	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	15	15	0	0	0	0
European origins	65,480	31,475	34,005	3,290	1,600	1,685
British Isles origins	44,500	21,245	23,255	1,480	710	770
Channel Islander	20	0	15	0	0	0
Cornish	10	10	0	0	0	0
English	23,475	11,255	12,225	875	400	475
Irish	20,255	9,500	10,755	525	240	285
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	18,840	9,000	9,840	510	265	245
Welsh	1,095	475	620	125	45	80
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	1,710	805	910	15	10	10
French origins	31,120	14,870	16,245	380	180	195
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	10	10	10	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	31,110	14,865	16,245	380	180	200
Western European origins (except French origins)	7,985	3,795	4,195	1,745	850	895
Austrian	180	70	105	155	70	90
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	260	120	135	0	10	10
Dutch	1,885	990	900	55	25	25
Flemish	20	0	15	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	6,020	2,850	3,170	1,620	770	850
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	220	90	130	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,270	620	650	355	170	190
Danish	455	185	270	60	40	25
Finnish	70	35	35	10	10	0
Icelandic	25	20	0	40	0	30
Norwegian	330	135	195	155	75	75
Swedish	315	170	140	125	50	80
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	120	85	35	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	1,740	820	920	1,415	675	740
Bulgarian	25	0	15	0	0	0
Byelorussian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Czech	80	15	65	20	20	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Hungarian	220	110	115	290	170	120
Latvian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	80	45	40	0	0	0
Moldovan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	500	235	260	435	225	210
Romanian	265	155	110	75	25	50
Russian	270	125	145	100	45	55
Slovak	45	10	35	15	0	20
Ukrainian	475	225	245	845	400	440
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	10	0	10	0	0
Southern European origins	2,425	1,125	1,305	45	10	35
Albanian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	40	25	15	0	0	0
Cypriot	15	10	10	0	0	0
Greek	125	60	65	0	0	0
Italian	1,405	665	740	35	10	30
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Maltese	45	20	20	0	0	0
Montenegrin	10	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	305	125	185	0	0	0
Serbian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Spanish	485	200	285	10	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	35	10	25	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	310	170	140	0	0	0
Basque	15	10	0	0	0	0
Jewish	150	80	65	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	145	75	65	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	475	200	275	20	15	10
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Barbadian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bermudan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	45	25	20	0	0	0
Dominican	50	25	20	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	125	45	80	0	0	0
Jamaican	110	65	45	15	15	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	15	10	10	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	25	15	10	10	0	10
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10	10	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	65	30	35	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	45	15	25	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	445	210	235	15	10	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	25	10	20	0	0	0
Chilean	20	10	0	15	10	10
Colombian	70	30	45	0	0	0
Costa Rican	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	40	10	30	0	0	0
Hispanic	60	25	30	0	0	0
Honduran	10	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mexican	85	40	40	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	30	30	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	30	15	15	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	45	25	15	0	0	0
African origins	2,460	1,405	1,050	15	0	10
Central and West African origins	1,050	610	440	0	0	0
Akan	20	10	15	0	0	0
Angolan	20	10	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	60	40	20	0	0	0
Cameroonian	90	60	30	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	265	170	95	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	25	20	10	0	0	0
Guinean	130	95	40	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	40	20	25	0	0	0
Liberian	35	25	15	0	0	0
Malian	85	30	55	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	50	25	30	0	0	0
Peulh	40	20	15	0	0	0
Senegalese	75	40	40	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	20	0	20	0	0	0
Togolese	25	10	15	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	20	10	15	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	125	95	40	0	0	0
North African origins	580	350	225	0	0	0
Algerian	130	60	70	0	0	0
Berber	125	75	45	0	0	0
Coptic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	30	30	0	0	0	0
Libyan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	200	140	65	0	0	0
Sudanese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	130	75	55	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	330	220	115	15	0	10
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	30	25	0	0	0	0
Burundian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	100	65	35	0	0	0
Ethiopian	35	25	15	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	25	10	10	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	20	15	10	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	0	0	0	0	0
South African	15	15	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	15	10	0	0	0	0
Zambian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	25	15	15	15	0	10
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	40	25	15	0	0	0
Other African origins	595	295	300	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	40	15	25	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	560	280	280	0	0	0
Asian origins	4,140	2,140	2,000	290	150	140
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,180	665	510	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	125	80	45	0	0	0
Armenian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	75	55	25	0	0	0
Iraqi	20	10	10	0	0	0
Israeli	20	15	10	0	0	0
Jordanian	105	60	45	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	355	215	140	0	0	0
Palestinian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	395	190	205	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	55	30	30	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	20	15	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	425	240	185	15	0	10
Bangladeshi	25	15	10	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	330	170	160	10	10	10
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	45	35	15	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	25	20	10	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	2,530	1,235	1,305	280	145	135
Burmese	25	15	10	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese	970	485	485	25	15	10
Filipino	545	260	285	230	125	105
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Japanese	85	25	60	0	0	0
Karen	50	20	30	0	0	0
Korean	585	305	285	20	10	15
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	305	150	155	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	25	15	15	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	25	10	15	0	0	0
Oceania origins	20	15	0	0	0	0
Australian	10	10	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	10	10	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	10	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	47,270	...	...	1,940	...	...
Owner	29,495	...	...	1,445	...	...
Renter	17,775	...	...	500	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	47,275	...	...	1,945	...	...
Condominium	3,110	...	...	95	...	...
Not condominium	44,165	...	...	1,850	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	47,275	...	...	1,940	...	...
No bedrooms	185	...	...	10	...	...
1 bedroom	5,460	...	...	240	...	...
2 bedrooms	13,190	...	...	475	...	...
3 bedrooms	17,730	...	...	665	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	10,705	...	...	555	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	47,275	...	...	1,945	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	12,380	...	...	430	...	...
5 rooms	7,120	...	...	310	...	...
6 rooms	6,855	...	...	370	...	...
7 rooms	6,640	...	...	245	...	...
8 or more rooms	14,280	...	...	585	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.3	...	...	6.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	47,275	...	...	1,940	...	...
One person or fewer per room	47,015	...	...	1,925	...	...
More than 1 person per room	260	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	47,275	...	...	1,940	...	...
Suitable	46,160	...	...	1,895	...	...
Not suitable	1,110	...	...	50	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	47,275	...	...	1,945	...	...
1960 or before	8,960	...	...	830	...	...
1961 to 1980	12,820	...	...	710	...	...
1981 to 1990	4,960	...	...	125	...	...
1991 to 2000	6,030	...	...	65	...	...
2001 to 2005	4,500	...	...	20	...	...
2006 to 2010	5,680	...	...	70	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	4,325	...	...	120	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	47,275	...	...	1,945	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	44,980	...	...	1,815	...	...
Major repairs needed	2,295	...	...	130	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	47,275	...	...	1,945	...	...
1 household maintainer	27,980	...	...	1,345	...	...
2 household maintainers	18,640	...	...	580	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	655	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	47,275	...	...	1,940	...	...
15 to 24 years	2,390	...	...	110	...	...
25 to 34 years	7,730	...	...	265	...	...
35 to 44 years	8,535	...	...	245	...	...
45 to 54 years	8,830	...	...	285	...	...
55 to 64 years	8,275	...	...	305	...	...
65 to 74 years	6,540	...	...	275	...	...
75 to 84 years	3,420	...	...	285	...	...
85 years and over	1,560	...	...	165	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	47,070	...	...	1,940	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	36,395	...	...	1,505	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	10,675	...	...	430	...	...
30% to less than 100%	9,560	...	...	390	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	29,500	...	...	1,445	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	66.9	...	...	52.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	12.1	...	...	11.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,066	...	...	696	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,104	...	...	889	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	170,558	...	...	174,328	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	196,571	...	...	176,442	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	17,775	...	...	500	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	12.0	...	...	27.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	40.4	...	...	54.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	808	...	...	776	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	845	...	...	916	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	89,410	42,470	46,935	3,380	1,650	1,730
No certificate, diploma or degree	14,155	6,855	7,300	890	485	410
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	25,155	12,530	12,620	1,030	525	500
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	50,105	23,085	27,020	1,455	635	820
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	6,220	4,035	2,185	430	265	170
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	3,510	1,930	1,580	240	115	125
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,705	2,100	610	195	145	50
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	21,750	9,230	12,520	580	175	410
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,970	785	1,185	90	15	70
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	20,160	9,040	11,125	360	185	175
Bachelor's degree	14,220	6,220	8,000	320	160	165
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,420	615	800	15	15	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	565	330	235	0	10	0
Master's degree	3,385	1,520	1,870	10	0	10
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	565	345	220	10	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	58,775	28,230	30,545	1,945	945	995
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,055	2,730	2,320	195	130	65
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	15,475	7,975	7,495	630	350	280
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	38,250	17,525	20,720	1,110	465	645
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,075	2,630	1,445	315	195	120
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,275	1,250	1,025	180	90	90
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,800	1,380	420	145	110	30
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	16,870	7,395	9,475	470	135	330
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,270	520	750	50	10	40
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	16,035	6,985	9,045	280	120	155
Bachelor's degree	11,360	4,935	6,420	260	115	145
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,140	445	690	10	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	425	210	215	0	10	0
Master's degree	2,685	1,135	1,550	10	0	10
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	425	255	170	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	89,410	42,475	46,935	3,380	1,645	1,730
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	39,305	19,385	19,920	1,920	1,010	910
Education	3,960	1,100	2,860	155	70	85
13. Education	3,960	1,100	2,860	160	70	85
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,460	685	770	20	0	15
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	270	225	45	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,185	465	730	15	0	15
Humanities	2,155	925	1,240	55	20	30
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	350	80	265	15	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	445	120	320	0	10	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	435	205	235	15	0	15
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	155	100	60	10	0	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	240	150	85	0	10	0
54. History	340	210	125	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	195	45	145	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	4,665	1,550	3,115	75	25	50
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	50	10	40	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	455	185	270	10	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	955	30	925	20	0	20
22. Legal professions and studies	845	300	545	20	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	35	10	30	0	0	0
42. Psychology	1,095	330	760	20	0	15
45. Social sciences	1,225	685	545	15	10	10
Business, management and public administration	13,715	5,025	8,690	305	75	230
30.16 Accounting and computer science	40	0	30	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	970	230	745	40	0	35
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	12,700	4,790	7,910	265	70	195
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,295	660	635	40	15	20
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	640	325	315	10	0	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	310	120	185	10	10	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	35	0	30	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	235	165	65	15	15	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	80	40	35	10	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	2,470	1,760	710	35	10	20
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	2,245	1,655	600	25	10	10
25. Library science	85	15	65	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	120	80	40	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	8,175	7,600	580	305	285	25
04. Architecture and related services	140	105	35	0	0	0
14. Engineering	1,140	990	150	10	0	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,190	1,920	270	35	35	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,775	1,760	15	70	70	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,985	1,925	60	105	95	10
48. Precision production	945	900	45	85	80	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	505	300	205	40	25	20
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	315	165	145	35	25	15
03. Natural resources and conservation	190	130	60	0	10	0
Health and related fields	7,710	1,480	6,225	295	30	265
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	620	345	275	20	10	10
51. Health professions and related programs	6,920	1,050	5,875	275	20	255
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	160	90	80	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,985	2,005	1,975	140	70	70
12. Personal and culinary services	2,365	565	1,805	70	10	60
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	65	50	10	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	775	655	115	10	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	780	735	45	60	55	10
Other	10	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	10	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	58,770	28,230	30,540	1,940	945	1,000
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	20,525	10,705	9,820	825	480	350
Education	2,580	655	1,925	90	30	60
13. Education	2,580	655	1,925	90	30	60
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,135	550	585	20	0	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	210	165	40	10	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	920	380	540	15	0	15
Humanities	1,575	640	935	40	15	25
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	280	60	225	0	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	360	100	255	10	10	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	300	120	175	15	0	15
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	10	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	110	65	45	10	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	145	90	55	10	0	0
54. History	275	180	90	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	100	20	80	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,725	1,215	2,510	75	25	45
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	30	0	30	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	400	170	225	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	695	20	680	20	0	20
22. Legal professions and studies	695	235	465	20	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	25	0	15	0	0	0
42. Psychology	890	240	650	15	10	10
45. Social sciences	995	540	450	15	10	10
Business, management and public administration	10,750	3,980	6,770	245	70	170
30.16 Accounting and computer science	45	10	35	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	715	155	555	30	10	30
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	9,995	3,815	6,185	210	70	145
Physical and life sciences and technologies	990	515	480	20	0	15
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	525	290	240	10	0	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	215	80	130	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	35	0	30	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	170	115	55	10	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	55	25	30	0	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	2,155	1,565	590	35	15	15
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	2,000	1,475	520	25	15	10
25. Library science	45	10	30	0	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	100	65	40	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	6,180	5,640	535	225	210	15
04. Architecture and related services	110	80	30	0	0	0
14. Engineering	920	770	150	10	10	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,815	1,565	255	20	20	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,230	1,220	15	50	45	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,425	1,375	55	75	70	0
48. Precision production	675	630	40	70	70	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	410	245	175	40	20	15
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	250	140	110	30	15	20
03. Natural resources and conservation	165	105	55	10	10	0
Health and related fields	5,815	1,115	4,695	225	20	205
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	490	290	200	15	10	10
51. Health professions and related programs	5,190	770	4,420	205	20	195
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	135	55	75	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,935	1,410	1,525	110	45	60
12. Personal and culinary services	1,785	405	1,380	65	10	60
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	30	20	15	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	560	470	90	10	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	565	520	35	30	30	0
Other	10	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	10	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	89,410	42,470	46,935	3,380	1,650	1,730
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	39,305	19,385	19,920	1,920	1,010	910
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	50,105	23,085	27,020	1,455	635	820
Location of study inside Canada	46,915	21,430	25,480	1,330	575	760
Same as province or territory of residence	35,405	15,870	19,535	1,065	445	615
Different than province or territory of residence	11,505	5,560	5,950	270	125	145
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	3,195	1,655	1,535	125	65	65
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	615	335	280	15	15	0
Philippines	225	65	160	75	45	30
India	100	50	50	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	245	150	100	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	305	180	125	10	0	10
France	310	175	140	0	0	0
Other	1,390	710	685	25	0	20
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	58,770	28,235	30,540	1,940	945	1,000
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	20,525	10,705	9,820	825	480	350
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	38,250	17,530	20,725	1,110	465	645
Location of study inside Canada	35,730	16,295	19,435	1,000	410	590
Same as province or territory of residence	27,000	12,235	14,760	795	320	470
Different than province or territory of residence	8,735	4,060	4,670	210	95	115
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	2,515	1,230	1,290	115	55	60
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	380	205	180	10	10	0
Philippines	205	55	155	75	45	35
India	90	45	50	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	145	80	65	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	240	110	125	10	0	10
France	265	150	120	0	0	0
Other	1,185	585	600	15	0	15
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	89,410	42,470	46,940	3,375	1,650	1,730
In the labour force	59,830	30,150	29,685	1,970	990	980
Employed	55,085	27,500	27,590	1,845	920	930
Unemployed	4,740	2,650	2,095	120	75	45
Not in the labour force	29,580	12,325	17,260	1,410	660	750
Participation rate	66.9	71.0	63.2	58.4	60.0	56.6
Employment rate	61.6	64.8	58.8	54.7	55.8	53.8
Unemployment rate	7.9	8.8	7.1	6.1	7.6	4.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	89,410	42,470	46,935	3,375	1,650	1,730
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	27,295	11,410	15,890	1,255	585	670
Worked	62,110	31,060	31,045	2,120	1,060	1,060
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	34,175	17,955	16,215	1,100	595	500
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	27,940	13,100	14,835	1,020	460	555
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.9	43.1	42.6	42.9	43.3	42.6
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	59,830	30,150	29,680	1,970	990	980
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,070	545	520	0	0	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	58,760	29,600	29,165	1,965	990	970
Employee	54,315	26,955	27,365	1,790	865	920
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	4,445	2,645	1,800	175	120	50
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	59,830	30,150	29,680	1,970	990	980
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,070	550	515	0	0	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	58,760	29,600	29,160	1,965	990	970
0 Management occupations	6,035	3,670	2,355	175	110	65
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	9,565	3,200	6,370	340	75	265
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	3,675	2,915	755	75	45	30
3 Health occupations	4,950	955	3,990	170	15	150
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	7,040	2,475	4,565	150	40	105
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,520	670	845	30	0	30
6 Sales and service occupations	17,550	7,935	9,620	445	165	280
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	6,525	6,225	295	470	445	25
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	645	545	100	70	50	20
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,265	1,000	260	40	35	10
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	59,830	30,145	29,680	1,970	990	975
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,070	550	520	10	0	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	58,760	29,600	29,160	1,965	990	975
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	310	235	70	105	75	35
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	575	415	160	45	40	0
22 Utilities	145	110	30	0	10	0
23 Construction	3,080	2,705	375	125	115	10
31-33 Manufacturing	2,995	2,220	780	85	70	15
41 Wholesale trade	2,470	1,840	630	20	15	0
44-45 Retail trade	8,145	4,045	4,100	255	120	130
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	3,405	2,510	890	265	240	25
51 Information and cultural industries	1,595	925	670	25	0	15
52 Finance and insurance	3,475	1,385	2,090	115	25	90
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	740	470	265	10	10	10
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	3,170	1,815	1,360	55	15	45
55 Management of companies and enterprises	85	35	55	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	4,390	2,350	2,040	50	20	20
61 Educational services	3,990	1,355	2,635	145	45	100
62 Health care and social assistance	7,900	1,455	6,445	350	40	310
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,425	790	635	25	10	15
72 Accommodation and food services	4,530	1,755	2,775	115	40	75
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,235	995	1,235	70	40	30
91 Public administration	4,100	2,185	1,920	110	65	45
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	55,085	27,500	27,590	1,850	915	930
Worked at home	3,210	1,660	1,550	70	25	45
Worked outside Canada	200	120	75	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	4,640	3,465	1,175	230	210	25
Worked at usual place	47,040	22,255	24,785	1,550	685	865
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	47,040	22,255	24,785	1,550	685	870
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	26,965	12,415	14,555	1,150	505	640
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	11,495	5,570	5,925	70	50	20
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	7,805	3,770	4,035	325	115	205
Commute to a different province or territory	770	500	270	10	10	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	51,680	25,715	25,965	1,775	885	890
Car, truck, van - as a driver	40,275	20,785	19,490	1,505	740	765
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	4,750	1,870	2,880	60	10	45
Public transit	2,215	925	1,290	10	0	10
Walked	3,420	1,545	1,875	180	110	70
Bicycle	375	255	120	25	20	10
Other method	645	335	305	0	10	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	51,675	25,720	25,965	1,780	885	890
Less than 15 minutes	26,490	12,510	13,980	1,210	590	625
15 to 29 minutes	19,635	10,020	9,620	185	105	80
30 to 44 minutes	3,390	1,870	1,515	300	140	160
45 to 59 minutes	885	465	420	45	35	15
60 minutes and over	1,270	845	425	40	25	15
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	51,680	25,715	25,965	1,775	890	890
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,815	1,295	515	105	75	30
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	5,350	3,030	2,315	390	190	200
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	17,920	8,755	9,165	490	250	245
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	12,430	5,580	6,845	335	130	215
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	5,505	2,300	3,205	165	75	85
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	8,660	4,745	3,915	285	170	115
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	63,840	31,850	31,990	2,185	1,075	1,115
Single responses	59,395	29,790	29,605	2,185	1,075	1,105
Official languages	59,210	29,700	29,510	2,180	1,075	1,110
English	48,260	25,295	22,960	2,180	1,070	1,105
French	10,955	4,400	6,550	10	0	0
Non-official languages	185	85	90	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	180	90	95	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	60	40	25	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	60	40	20	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	50	35	15	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	20	0	15	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	90	40	50	0	0	0
Chinese languages	85	40	50	0	0	0
Cantonese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	75	35	35	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	4,445	2,060	2,385	10	0	0
English and French	4,320	2,000	2,325	0	0	0
English and non-official language	110	55	55	10	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	10	10	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	63,840	31,850	31,985	2,185	1,075	1,115
None	42,095	21,495	20,600	2,170	1,055	1,115
English	7,455	3,160	4,295	10	0	0
French	13,940	7,010	6,930	0	0	0
Non-official language	280	140	145	10	15	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	280	145	140	15	10	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	15	15	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	45	25	25	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	105,555	50,845	54,715	4,020	1,950	2,070
Non-movers	88,290	42,415	45,875	3,490	1,735	1,755
Movers	17,265	8,425	8,840	525	210	310
Non-migrants	10,445	4,970	5,470	215	100	120
Migrants	6,820	3,455	3,365	310	115	195
Internal migrants	5,610	2,795	2,815	270	95	175
Intraprovincial migrants	3,780	1,890	1,895	195	80	115
Interprovincial migrants	1,830	910	915	75	20	60
External migrants	1,210	655	555	40	20	25
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	101,280	48,705	52,575	3,850	1,870	1,985
Non-movers	58,630	28,215	30,425	2,375	1,185	1,190
Movers	42,650	20,495	22,150	1,475	685	790
Non-migrants	23,895	11,295	12,595	555	265	290
Migrants	18,755	9,195	9,560	915	420	495
Internal migrants	15,505	7,440	8,070	815	370	440
Intraprovincial migrants	10,230	4,865	5,360	475	225	250
Interprovincial migrants	5,280	2,570	2,705	340	145	195
External migrants	3,250	1,760	1,490	105	55	55

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Moncton [Population centre], New Brunswick and Melville [Population centre], Saskatchewan (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 25, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Moncton [Population centre], New Brunswick and Melville [Population centre], Saskatchewan

Census Profile, 2016 Census Moncton [Population centre], New Brunswick and Melville [Population centre], Saskatchewan

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Moncton [Population centre], New Brunswick and Melville [Population centre], Saskatchewan