Census Profile, 2016 Census
Moncton [Population centre], New Brunswick and St. Lewis, Town [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Moncton New Brunswick [Population centre]			St. Lewis, T Newfoundland and Labrador [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Moncton [Population centre], New Brunswick Map : Moncton [Population centre], New Brunswick Change geography 1			Data quality : St. Lewis, Town [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	108,620	...	...	194	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	103,926 ^r	...	...	207	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	4.5	...	...	-6.3	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	51,242	...	...	89	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	47,269	...	...	74	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	984.3	...	...	21.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	110.35	...	...	9.25	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	108,625	52,330	56,295	195	100	95
0 to 14 years	17,245	8,875	8,375	25	10	10
0 to 4 years	5,510	2,845	2,670	0	5	5
5 to 9 years	6,030	3,060	2,970	10	10	5
10 to 14 years	5,710	2,975	2,735	10	5	5
15 to 64 years	72,840	35,495	37,345	135	60	70
15 to 19 years	5,890	2,985	2,905	15	10	5
20 to 24 years	7,435	3,620	3,815	10	5	5
25 to 29 years	7,290	3,595	3,695	5	5	5
30 to 34 years	7,465	3,640	3,825	10	0	5
35 to 39 years	7,465	3,630	3,835	10	5	5
40 to 44 years	7,770	3,740	4,035	10	5	5
45 to 49 years	7,420	3,675	3,750	15	10	10
50 to 54 years	8,050	3,900	4,150	15	5	5
55 to 59 years	7,360	3,535	3,825	20	5	20
60 to 64 years	6,680	3,170	3,505	20	10	10
65 years and over	18,540	7,965	10,575	35	20	15
65 to 69 years	6,050	2,795	3,260	20	10	10
70 to 74 years	4,355	1,965	2,390	5	5	5
75 to 79 years	3,095	1,375	1,725	5	0	5
80 to 84 years	2,380	955	1,430	5	0	5
85 years and over	2,655	880	1,775	0	0	0
85 to 89 years	1,555	545	1,005	5	0	0
90 to 94 years	850	275	575	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	220	55	170	0	0	0
100 years and over	25	0	25	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.9	17.0	14.9	12.8	10.0	10.5
15 to 64 years	67.1	67.8	66.3	69.2	60.0	73.7
65 years and over	17.1	15.2	18.8	17.9	20.0	15.8
85 years and over	2.4	1.7	3.2	0.0	0.0	0.0
Average age of the population	41.1	39.9	42.3	44.9	44.4	45.4
Median age of the population	41.0	39.7	42.1	48.5	47.5	49.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	47,265	...	...	75	...	...
Single-detached house	22,890	...	...	70	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,375	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	22,355	...	...	5	...	...
Semi-detached house	5,815	...	...	5	...	...
Row house	1,895	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	2,910	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	11,635	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	110	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	650	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	47,270	...	...	75	...	...
1 person	14,335	...	...	10	...	...
2 persons	17,780	...	...	35	...	...
3 persons	7,115	...	...	15	...	...
4 persons	5,730	...	...	10	...	...
5 or more persons	2,305	...	...	5	...	...
Number of persons in private households	106,585	...	...	190	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.8	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	91,380	43,455	47,920	170	80	90
Married or living common law	51,620	25,765	25,860	120	60	60
Married	39,580	19,765	19,815	95	45	45
Living common law	12,040	6,000	6,040	30	10	10
Not married and not living common law	39,755	17,695	22,065	55	25	25
Never married	25,685	13,335	12,355	35	15	20
Separated	3,270	1,340	1,935	5	5	5
Divorced	5,620	1,985	3,630	0	0	0
Widowed	5,175	1,035	4,140	5	5	5
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	30,705	...	...	70	...	...
2 persons	17,130	...	...	35	...	...
3 persons	6,540	...	...	15	...	...
4 persons	5,310	...	...	5	...	...
5 or more persons	1,720	...	...	0	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	30,705	...	...	65	...	...
Total couple families	25,420	...	...	60	...	...
Married couples	19,395	...	...	45	...	...
Common-law couples	6,020	...	...	15	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	5,285	...	...	5	...	...
Female parent	4,315	...	...	5	...	...
Male parent	970	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	25,415	...	...	60	...	...
Couples without children	13,750	...	...	35	...	...
Couples with children	11,670	...	...	25	...	...
1 child	5,095	...	...	15	...	...
2 children	4,945	...	...	10	...	...
3 or more children	1,630	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	5,285	...	...	10	...	...
1 child	3,380	...	...	0	...	...
2 children	1,450	...	...	5	...	...
3 or more children	450	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	22,320	10,265	12,055	15	5	10
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	47,270	...	...	75	...	...
One-census-family households	29,740	...	...	65	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	13,350	...	...	35	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	16,390	...	...	30	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	480	...	...	5	...	...
Non-census-family households	17,045	...	...	10	...	...
One-person households	14,335	...	...	5	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	2,710	...	...	5	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	107,215	51,700	55,515	190	100	95
English only	50,855	25,460	25,395	190	95	100
French only	3,635	1,725	1,910	0	0	0
English and French	52,150	24,225	27,925	0	5	0
Neither English nor French	575	290	285	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	107,210	51,700	55,515	195	95	100
English	67,095	32,745	34,350	195	100	95
French	38,565	18,175	20,385	0	0	0
English and French	1,005	500	505	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	545	275	270	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	39,065	18,430	20,640	0	0	0
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	36.4	35.6	37.2	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	107,210	51,695	55,515	190	95	95
Single responses	104,835	50,550	54,285	195	100	95
Official languages	100,070	48,100	51,970	195	100	95
English	62,275	30,355	31,920	195	95	95
French	37,800	17,740	20,050	0	0	0
Non-official languages	4,765	2,450	2,315	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	30	10	15	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	25	10	10	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	5	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	5	5	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	4,730	2,440	2,300	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	905	525	385	0	0	0
Berber languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	10	10	5	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	880	505	375	0	0	0
Amharic	5	5	0	0	0	0
Arabic	825	485	345	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	35	10	25	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10	10	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	235	105	130	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	235	110	125	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	315	115	200	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	5	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	0	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	10	5	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	5	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	275	105	170	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	55	20	35	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	10	5	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	45	10	30	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	85	50	35	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tamil	20	10	10	0	0	0
Telugu	45	25	15	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,445	735	720	0	0	0
Albanian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Armenian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	260	130	130	0	0	0
Baltic languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	250	125	125	0	0	0
Belarusan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Croatian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Czech	10	5	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	45	20	30	0	0	0
Russian	135	65	65	0	0	0
Serbian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	35	15	15	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	5	0	0	0	0
Welsh	5	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	280	135	145	0	0	0
Afrikaans	15	10	5	0	0	0
Danish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dutch	80	45	35	0	0	0
Frisian	5	5	0	0	0	0
German	150	65	85	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Swedish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	15	10	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	275	155	120	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	185	100	85	0	0	0
Bengali	35	20	15	0	0	0
Gujarati	25	10	5	0	0	0
Hindi	25	20	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	0	5	0	0	0
Nepali	5	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	20	5	10	0	0	0
Sindhi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	70	40	30	0	0	0
Iranian languages	85	50	35	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	85	50	35	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	590	285	305	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	140	80	65	0	0	0
Portuguese	50	20	35	0	0	0
Romanian	105	50	55	0	0	0
Spanish	295	135	160	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	35	10	20	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	520	275	250	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	345	195	150	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	55	35	20	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	5	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	40	25	10	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	5	5	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	0	5	0	0	0
Lingala	10	10	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	20	5	10	0	0	0
Shona	15	10	5	0	0	0
Swahili	55	25	25	0	0	0
Wolof	25	15	5	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	5	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	90	50	40	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	5	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	690	355	330	0	0	0
Chinese languages	670	345	320	0	0	0
Cantonese	125	70	55	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	440	200	240	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	70	65	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	25	10	10	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	15	10	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	35	20	15	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	30	15	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	2,375	1,150	1,230	0	0	0
English and French	1,835	875	960	0	0	0
English and non-official language	315	150	160	0	0	0
French and non-official language	185	100	85	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	45	20	25	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	107,215	51,700	55,515	190	95	95
Single responses	104,240	50,260	53,985	195	95	100
Official languages	101,505	48,865	52,640	195	95	100
English	70,850	34,485	36,370	195	100	95
French	30,655	14,380	16,275	0	0	0
Non-official languages	2,735	1,390	1,345	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	5	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,735	1,395	1,340	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	625	340	290	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	625	335	285	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	600	330	275	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	20	10	10	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	5	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	215	105	110	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	210	105	110	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	75	35	40	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	5	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	5	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	70	35	35	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	15	5	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	40	25	10	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tamil	10	5	0	0	0	0
Telugu	25	20	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	625	305	320	0	0	0
Albanian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Armenian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	125	60	65	0	0	0
Baltic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	125	60	65	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	5	0	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Russian	85	45	45	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	15	10	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Afrikaans	10	5	5	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	10	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	15	5	10	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	160	85	80	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	105	50	55	0	0	0
Bengali	20	10	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	5	5	0	0	0
Hindi	15	10	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	45	20	25	0	0	0
Iranian languages	60	35	25	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	60	35	25	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	285	135	150	0	0	0
Catalan	0	5	0	0	0	0
Italian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Portuguese	35	10	20	0	0	0
Romanian	75	40	35	0	0	0
Spanish	145	70	80	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	5	10	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	430	220	210	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	120	65	55	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	20	15	5	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	10	5	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	5	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	15	10	5	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	5	0	5	0	0	0
Swahili	25	10	15	0	0	0
Wolof	0	5	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	30	20	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	10	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	20	15	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	530	260	275	0	0	0
Chinese languages	510	250	265	0	0	0
Cantonese	80	40	40	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	5	0	0	0
Mandarin	380	175	210	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	40	30	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Burmese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	5	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	2,970	1,445	1,530	0	0	0
English and French	1,900	865	1,040	0	0	0
English and non-official language	760	400	355	0	0	0
French and non-official language	195	110	85	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	115	65	50	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	107,215	51,700	55,510	195	95	95
None	84,725	41,220	43,505	195	95	95
English	12,310	5,710	6,595	0	0	0
French	8,395	3,860	4,535	0	0	0
Non-official language	1,495	740	755	0	0	0
Aboriginal	30	20	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,460	725	740	0	0	0
English and French	80	40	35	0	0	0
English and non-official language	110	65	50	0	0	0
French and non-official language	95	55	45	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	5	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	89,360	42,540	46,825	170	85	85
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	85,915	40,680	45,235	x	x	x
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,336	38,846	28,787	x	x	x
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	85,940	40,685	45,260	x	x	x
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,925	34,144	26,342	x	x	x
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	77,855	37,890	39,970	x	x	x
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,280	36,773	26,458	x	x	x
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	60,565	24,990	35,575	x	x	x
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,148	6,439	5,987	x	x	x
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	65,065	32,650	32,415	x	x	x
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,542	35,841	27,881	x	x	x
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	89,410	42,470	46,940	170	85	85
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	85,880	40,545	45,330	x	x	x
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,664	48,342	35,691	x	x	x
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	85,905	40,550	45,350	x	x	x
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,783	39,524	30,543	x	x	x
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	77,885	37,770	40,120	x	x	x
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,027	46,917	33,540	x	x	x
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	60,355	24,855	35,500	x	x	x
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,632	7,570	7,676	x	x	x
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	65,110	32,470	32,640	x	x	x
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,664	45,497	33,862	x	x	x
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	89,410	42,470	46,940	x	x	x
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	33,490	17,485	16,010	x	x	x
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	46,383	50,817	42,255	x	x	x
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	55,097	61,735	47,848	x	x	x
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	x	x	x
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	87.1	90.3	83.2	x	x	x
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	72.2	75.1	68.6	x	x	x
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	12.9	9.7	16.8	x	x	x
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	89,360	42,540	46,820	x	x	x
Without total income	3,440	1,855	1,585	x	x	x
With total income	85,915	40,680	45,235	x	x	x
Percentage with total income	96.1	95.6	96.6	x	x	x
Under $10,000 (including loss)	11,110	4,755	6,355	x	x	x
$10,000 to $19,999	14,085	5,105	8,975	x	x	x
$20,000 to $29,999	13,715	5,525	8,185	x	x	x
$30,000 to $39,999	12,030	5,625	6,405	x	x	x
$40,000 to $49,999	10,100	5,065	5,035	x	x	x
$50,000 to $59,999	6,825	3,675	3,160	x	x	x
$60,000 to $69,999	5,070	2,895	2,170	x	x	x
$70,000 to $79,999	3,995	2,155	1,840	x	x	x
$80,000 to $89,999	2,845	1,520	1,325	x	x	x
$90,000 to $99,999	1,735	1,120	615	x	x	x
$100,000 and over	4,415	3,235	1,180	x	x	x
$100,000 to $149,999	3,095	2,225	870	x	x	x
$150,000 and over	1,320	1,005	310	x	x	x
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	89,360	42,540	46,820	x	x	x
Without after-tax income	3,420	1,860	1,560	x	x	x
With after-tax income	85,945	40,685	45,260	x	x	x
Percentage with after-tax income	96.2	95.6	96.7	x	x	x
Under $10,000 (including loss)	11,570	4,825	6,750	x	x	x
$10,000 to $19,999	15,020	5,545	9,480	x	x	x
$20,000 to $29,999	16,510	6,985	9,520	x	x	x
$30,000 to $39,999	14,775	7,115	7,660	x	x	x
$40,000 to $49,999	10,235	5,425	4,810	x	x	x
$50,000 to $59,999	6,685	3,795	2,890	x	x	x
$60,000 to $69,999	4,790	2,535	2,255	x	x	x
$70,000 to $79,999	2,435	1,585	845	x	x	x
$80,000 and over	3,925	2,875	1,055	x	x	x
$80,000 to $89,999	1,305	915	390	x	x	x
$90,000 to $99,999	790	590	205	x	x	x
$100,000 and over	1,830	1,370	460	x	x	x
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	89,360	42,540	46,820	x	x	x
Without employment income	24,300	9,885	14,410	x	x	x
With employment income	65,065	32,650	32,410	x	x	x
Percentage with employment income	72.8	76.8	69.2	x	x	x
Under $5,000 (including loss)	8,045	3,925	4,120	x	x	x
$5,000 to $9,999	5,475	2,365	3,110	x	x	x
$10,000 to $19,999	8,860	3,870	4,990	x	x	x
$20,000 to $29,999	8,845	3,920	4,925	x	x	x
$30,000 to $39,999	8,235	3,955	4,285	x	x	x
$40,000 to $49,999	6,895	3,480	3,420	x	x	x
$50,000 to $59,999	4,645	2,600	2,050	x	x	x
$60,000 to $69,999	3,800	2,120	1,680	x	x	x
$70,000 to $79,999	3,155	1,620	1,535	x	x	x
$80,000 and over	7,105	4,805	2,300	x	x	x
$80,000 to $89,999	2,255	1,215	1,040	x	x	x
$90,000 to $99,999	1,420	940	485	x	x	x
$100,000 and over	3,425	2,655	775	x	x	x
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	47,270	...	...	75	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	61,121	...	...	81,920	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	53,641	...	...	69,376	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	14,335	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,312	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,102	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	32,935	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	77,904	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	67,514	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	47,275	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	75,688	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	63,206	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	14,340	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,716	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,619	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	32,935	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	91,348	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	76,086	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	47,270	...	...	x	...	...
Under $5,000	665	...	...	x	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	1,160	...	...	x	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,025	...	...	x	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,250	...	...	x	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,435	...	...	x	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,195	...	...	x	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,395	...	...	x	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,465	...	...	x	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,335	...	...	x	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,235	...	...	x	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,060	...	...	x	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,630	...	...	x	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,390	...	...	x	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,935	...	...	x	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,345	...	...	x	...	...
$100,000 and over	11,755	...	...	x	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,580	...	...	x	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,860	...	...	x	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,700	...	...	x	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,610	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	47,265	...	...	x	...	...
Under $5,000	680	...	...	x	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	1,175	...	...	x	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,050	...	...	x	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,385	...	...	x	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,800	...	...	x	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,590	...	...	x	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,955	...	...	x	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,950	...	...	x	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,620	...	...	x	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,630	...	...	x	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,775	...	...	x	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	4,315	...	...	x	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,535	...	...	x	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,915	...	...	x	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,280	...	...	x	...	...
$100,000 and over	7,625	...	...	x	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,845	...	...	x	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,905	...	...	x	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,875	...	...	x	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	30,845	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	78,790	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	67,995	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	13,095	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,432	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	63,917	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	11,785	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	106,028	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	89,580	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.8	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	5,040	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	44,271	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	41,481	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	30,860	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	92,343	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,700	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	13,095	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	84,521	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	70,530	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	11,850	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	118,713	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,998	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,995	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,404	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,056	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	20,165	9,335	10,830	x	x	x
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	29,288	30,506	28,344	x	x	x
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	26,708	27,284	26,192	x	x	x
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	20,065	9,170	10,890	x	x	x
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	36,312	37,268	35,506	x	x	x
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	30,960	31,308	30,668	x	x	x
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	106,590	51,400	55,185	x	x	x
In the bottom half of the distribution	59,890	28,115	31,770	x	x	x
In the bottom decile	12,405	5,830	6,570	x	x	x
In the second decile	12,055	5,275	6,785	x	x	x
In the third decile	11,935	5,650	6,285	x	x	x
In the fourth decile	11,960	5,785	6,175	x	x	x
In the fifth decile	11,535	5,580	5,955	x	x	x
In the top half of the distribution	46,700	23,285	23,415	x	x	x
In the sixth decile	11,230	5,485	5,740	x	x	x
In the seventh decile	10,975	5,475	5,495	x	x	x
In the eighth decile	10,475	5,190	5,285	x	x	x
In the ninth decile	8,090	4,085	4,010	x	x	x
In the top decile	5,930	3,045	2,880	x	x	x
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	106,590	51,400	55,185	x	x	x
0 to 17 years	20,695	10,640	10,050	x	x	x
0 to 5 years	6,680	3,440	3,240	x	x	x
18 to 64 years	68,605	33,180	35,430	x	x	x
65 years and over	17,285	7,580	9,705	x	x	x
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	17,585	7,835	9,745	x	x	x
0 to 17 years	4,550	2,355	2,195	x	x	x
0 to 5 years	1,690	875	810	x	x	x
18 to 64 years	10,480	4,660	5,820	x	x	x
65 years and over	2,550	820	1,730	x	x	x
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	16.5	15.2	17.7	x	x	x
0 to 17 years (%)	22.0	22.1	21.8	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	25.3	25.4	25.0	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	15.3	14.0	16.4	x	x	x
65 years and over (%)	14.8	10.8	17.8	x	x	x
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	10,540	5,030	5,510	x	x	x
0 to 17 years	2,640	1,365	1,275	x	x	x
0 to 5 years	1,000	515	480	x	x	x
18 to 64 years	7,325	3,495	3,830	x	x	x
65 years and over	580	175	405	x	x	x
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	9.9	9.8	10.0	x	x	x
0 to 17 years (%)	12.8	12.8	12.7	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	15.0	15.0	14.8	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	10.7	10.5	10.8	x	x	x
65 years and over (%)	3.4	2.3	4.2	x	x	x
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	106,645	51,400	55,250	195	100	95
Official languages	106,100	51,125	54,970	195	100	95
English	102,410	49,355	53,060	195	95	95
French	55,475	25,855	29,620	0	0	0
Non-official languages	7,705	3,955	3,750	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	70	45	25	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	65	40	20	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	60	40	20	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	55	40	20	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	7,640	3,915	3,720	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,335	785	555	0	0	0
Berber languages	45	25	20	0	0	0
Kabyle	35	20	15	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,315	765	550	0	0	0
Amharic	55	35	25	0	0	0
Arabic	1,205	700	505	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	40	25	15	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	45	20	25	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	280	150	135	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	285	145	135	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	460	205	250	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	40	15	25	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	15	10	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	25	0	25	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	440	195	245	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	185	65	125	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	20	0	10	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	135	35	95	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	35	25	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	120	65	55	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	30	15	15	0	0	0
Tamil	20	15	10	0	0	0
Telugu	65	35	30	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,980	1,460	1,515	0	0	0
Albanian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Armenian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	285	160	125	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	280	160	120	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	10	10	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Polish	70	35	30	0	0	0
Russian	175	90	90	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Slovak	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	30	20	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	20	0	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	20	0	15	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	575	305	265	0	0	0
Afrikaans	35	20	15	0	0	0
Danish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dutch	100	55	35	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	395	195	205	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	15	15	10	0	0	0
Swedish	20	15	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	270	160	115	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	205	120	85	0	0	0
Bengali	50	30	15	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hindi	75	45	30	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	10	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	80	50	30	0	0	0
Iranian languages	60	35	25	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	60	40	25	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,955	890	1,060	0	0	0
Catalan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	255	130	125	0	0	0
Portuguese	130	70	55	0	0	0
Romanian	195	110	85	0	0	0
Spanish	1,465	645	825	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	130	70	60	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	585	290	295	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	780	465	315	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	125	55	70	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	85	70	15	0	0	0
Ga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	10	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	95	80	20	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Shona	30	10	20	0	0	0
Swahili	180	100	80	0	0	0
Wolof	50	40	15	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	285	165	115	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	165	70	95	0	0	0
American Sign Language	70	30	45	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	105	45	55	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	810	410	405	0	0	0
Chinese languages	760	390	375	0	0	0
Cantonese	150	80	75	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	555	255	300	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	25	0	15	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	130	95	40	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	50	20	30	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	45	10	30	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	45	25	15	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	45	20	15	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	60	25	35	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	10	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	55	20	30	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	45	25	20	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	106,650	51,400	55,245	190	95	95
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	101,900	48,930	52,970	195	95	95
Canadian citizens aged under 18	19,700	10,160	9,535	35	15	15
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	82,205	38,770	43,435	160	80	85
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	4,745	2,470	2,280	0	0	0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	106,645	51,395	55,250	195	95	95
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	98,540	47,300	51,240	195	100	100
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	6,900	3,360	3,535	0	0	0
Before 1981	1,660	730	930	0	0	0
1981 to 1990	355	190	160	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	470	270	205	0	0	0
2001 to 2010	1,700	810	890	0	0	0
2001 to 2005	570	235	335	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	1,135	575	560	0	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	2,715	1,365	1,345	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	1,205	730	470	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	6,900	3,365	3,535	0	0	0
Under 5 years	970	440	525	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	1,540	770	770	0	0	0
15 to 24 years	1,190	520	670	0	0	0
25 to 44 years	2,710	1,335	1,380	0	0	0
45 years and over	490	295	200	0	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	6,900	3,365	3,535	0	0	0
Americas	1,415	630	790	0	0	0
Brazil	15	0	15	0	0	0
Colombia	80	35	45	0	0	0
El Salvador	20	20	0	0	0	0
Guyana	40	25	15	0	0	0
Haiti	60	20	45	0	0	0
Jamaica	40	25	15	0	0	0
Mexico	35	15	20	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	10	0	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	975	435	540	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	145	50	90	0	0	0
Europe	1,800	870	930	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	15	10	0	0	0	0
Croatia	10	10	0	0	0	0
France	320	160	160	0	0	0
Germany	175	95	80	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	30	10	25	0	0	0
Italy	80	45	35	0	0	0
Netherlands	55	35	25	0	0	0
Poland	40	15	20	0	0	0
Portugal	15	10	10	0	0	0
Romania	175	100	75	0	0	0
Russian Federation	45	15	30	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	25	15	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	605	250	355	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	205	110	90	0	0	0
Africa	1,065	605	455	0	0	0
Algeria	110	55	55	0	0	0
Egypt	20	10	10	0	0	0
Ethiopia	35	25	15	0	0	0
Kenya	0	10	0	0	0	0
Morocco	85	50	40	0	0	0
Nigeria	15	15	10	0	0	0
Somalia	0	10	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	35	25	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	755	430	325	0	0	0
Asia	2,615	1,255	1,355	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	20	15	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	495	185	310	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	45	20	25	0	0	0
India	160	90	70	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	40	25	15	0	0	0
Iraq	10	10	0	0	0	0
Japan	35	10	25	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	500	265	245	0	0	0
Lebanon	105	70	40	0	0	0
Pakistan	55	35	20	0	0	0
Philippines	350	140	215	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	290	130	155	0	0	0
Taiwan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	260	125	130	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	235	140	95	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	2,710	1,365	1,345	0	0	0
Americas	180	75	105	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	35	10	25	0	0	0
Jamaica	20	10	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	65	30	35	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	25	10	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	25	10	25	0	0	0
Europe	455	230	230	0	0	0
France	180	95	80	0	0	0
Germany	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	130	75	55	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	15	15	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	30	15	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	75	25	50	0	0	0
Africa	430	270	165	0	0	0
Algeria	0	10	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	10	10	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	75	35	40	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	10	0	0	0	0
Egypt	15	10	10	0	0	0
Eritrea	40	15	20	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	30	20	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tunisia	50	30	20	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	175	120	60	0	0	0
Asia	1,635	790	850	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	15	0	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	345	145	200	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	10	0	0	0	0
India	60	30	30	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	30	20	15	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	25	15	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	260	120	140	0	0	0
Lebanon	50	40	10	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Philippines	270	120	155	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	20	20	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	265	125	140	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	25	15	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	195	100	100	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	55	25	25	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	106,650	51,400	55,250	195	100	95
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	8,565	4,360	4,210	0	0	0
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	6,855	3,450	3,400	0	0	0
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	91,230	43,590	47,640	195	95	95
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	5,300	2,655	2,645	0	0	0
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	3,175	1,670	1,510	0	0	0
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	1,240	860	380	0	0	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	1,940	810	1,130	0	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	1,085	460	625	0	0	0
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	1,005	515	490	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	35	15	20	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	106,650	51,395	55,250	195	95	95
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	2,665	1,230	1,430	145	75	70
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	2,540	1,195	1,345	145	75	70
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	1,245	565	680	0	0	0
Métis	1,235	600	635	145	75	70
Inuk (Inuit)	60	30	25	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	25	0	15	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	95	30	70	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	103,985	50,170	53,820	45	20	25
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	106,650	51,395	55,250	195	100	100
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	810	395	415	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	105,840	51,005	54,835	195	95	95
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	106,645	51,400	55,245	195	95	100
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	720	340	375	0	0	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	715	335	375	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	505	215	285	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	180	100	80	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	35	20	15	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	10	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	4,480	1,995	2,485	145	75	70
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	4,360	1,960	2,400	25	15	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,235	1,460	1,775	10	0	0
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,065	475	585	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	60	15	40	20	15	10
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	120	30	80	120	60	55
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	105	30	70	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	125	65	55
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	101,450	49,065	52,385	45	20	25
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	106,645	51,400	55,250	195	95	100
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	6,555	3,470	3,090	0	0	0
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	410	235	175	0	0	0
Chinese	830	410	425	0	0	0
Black	2,230	1,185	1,045	0	0	0
Filipino	540	265	270	0	0	0
Latin American	250	115	130	0	0	0
Arab	1,005	605	400	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	405	195	210	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	55	35	15	0	0	0
Korean	580	300	275	0	0	0
Japanese	85	20	60	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	35	15	25	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	130	80	55	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	100,095	47,930	52,160	195	95	95
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	106,650	51,400	55,250	190	100	100
North American Aboriginal origins	5,195	2,335	2,865	145	75	70
First Nations (North American Indian)	3,850	1,720	2,130	10	0	0
Inuit	105	45	65	140	80	65
Métis	1,360	605	750	120	65	60
Other North American origins	60,980	28,905	32,075	0	0	0
Acadian	7,710	3,585	4,125	0	0	0
American	765	385	385	0	0	0
Canadian	55,860	26,460	29,400	0	0	0
New Brunswicker	35	15	15	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	65	30	35	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	170	95	75	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	15	15	0	0	0	0
European origins	65,480	31,475	34,005	195	95	100
British Isles origins	44,500	21,245	23,255	195	100	95
Channel Islander	20	0	15	0	0	0
Cornish	10	10	0	0	0	0
English	23,475	11,255	12,225	195	95	95
Irish	20,255	9,500	10,755	10	0	0
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	18,840	9,000	9,840	0	0	0
Welsh	1,095	475	620	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	1,710	805	910	0	0	0
French origins	31,120	14,870	16,245	0	0	0
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	10	10	10	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	31,110	14,865	16,245	0	0	0
Western European origins (except French origins)	7,985	3,795	4,195	0	0	0
Austrian	180	70	105	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	260	120	135	0	0	0
Dutch	1,885	990	900	0	0	0
Flemish	20	0	15	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	6,020	2,850	3,170	0	0	0
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	220	90	130	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,270	620	650	0	0	0
Danish	455	185	270	0	0	0
Finnish	70	35	35	0	0	0
Icelandic	25	20	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	330	135	195	0	0	0
Swedish	315	170	140	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	120	85	35	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	1,740	820	920	0	0	0
Bulgarian	25	0	15	0	0	0
Byelorussian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Czech	80	15	65	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	220	110	115	0	0	0
Latvian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	80	45	40	0	0	0
Moldovan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	500	235	260	0	0	0
Romanian	265	155	110	0	0	0
Russian	270	125	145	0	0	0
Slovak	45	10	35	0	0	0
Ukrainian	475	225	245	0	0	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	2,425	1,125	1,305	0	0	0
Albanian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	40	25	15	0	0	0
Cypriot	15	10	10	0	0	0
Greek	125	60	65	0	0	0
Italian	1,405	665	740	0	0	0
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Maltese	45	20	20	0	0	0
Montenegrin	10	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	305	125	185	0	0	0
Serbian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Spanish	485	200	285	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	35	10	25	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	310	170	140	0	0	0
Basque	15	10	0	0	0	0
Jewish	150	80	65	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	145	75	65	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	475	200	275	0	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Barbadian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bermudan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	45	25	20	0	0	0
Dominican	50	25	20	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	125	45	80	0	0	0
Jamaican	110	65	45	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	15	10	10	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10	10	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	65	30	35	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	45	15	25	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	445	210	235	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	25	10	20	0	0	0
Chilean	20	10	0	0	0	0
Colombian	70	30	45	0	0	0
Costa Rican	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	40	10	30	0	0	0
Hispanic	60	25	30	0	0	0
Honduran	10	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mexican	85	40	40	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	30	30	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	30	15	15	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	45	25	15	0	0	0
African origins	2,460	1,405	1,050	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	1,050	610	440	0	0	0
Akan	20	10	15	0	0	0
Angolan	20	10	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	60	40	20	0	0	0
Cameroonian	90	60	30	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	265	170	95	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	25	20	10	0	0	0
Guinean	130	95	40	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	40	20	25	0	0	0
Liberian	35	25	15	0	0	0
Malian	85	30	55	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	50	25	30	0	0	0
Peulh	40	20	15	0	0	0
Senegalese	75	40	40	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	20	0	20	0	0	0
Togolese	25	10	15	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	20	10	15	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	125	95	40	0	0	0
North African origins	580	350	225	0	0	0
Algerian	130	60	70	0	0	0
Berber	125	75	45	0	0	0
Coptic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	30	30	0	0	0	0
Libyan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	200	140	65	0	0	0
Sudanese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	130	75	55	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	330	220	115	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	30	25	0	0	0	0
Burundian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	100	65	35	0	0	0
Ethiopian	35	25	15	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	25	10	10	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	20	15	10	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	0	0	0	0	0
South African	15	15	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	15	10	0	0	0	0
Zambian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	25	15	15	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	40	25	15	0	0	0
Other African origins	595	295	300	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	40	15	25	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	560	280	280	0	0	0
Asian origins	4,140	2,140	2,000	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,180	665	510	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	125	80	45	0	0	0
Armenian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	75	55	25	0	0	0
Iraqi	20	10	10	0	0	0
Israeli	20	15	10	0	0	0
Jordanian	105	60	45	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	355	215	140	0	0	0
Palestinian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	395	190	205	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	55	30	30	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	20	15	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	425	240	185	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	25	15	10	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	330	170	160	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	45	35	15	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	25	20	10	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	2,530	1,235	1,305	0	0	0
Burmese	25	15	10	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese	970	485	485	0	0	0
Filipino	545	260	285	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Japanese	85	25	60	0	0	0
Karen	50	20	30	0	0	0
Korean	585	305	285	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	305	150	155	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	25	15	15	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	25	10	15	0	0	0
Oceania origins	20	15	0	0	0	0
Australian	10	10	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	10	10	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	10	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	47,270	...	...	75	...	...
Owner	29,495	...	...	70	...	...
Renter	17,775	...	...	10	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	47,275	...	...	75	...	...
Condominium	3,110	...	...	0	...	...
Not condominium	44,165	...	...	75	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	47,275	...	...	75	...	...
No bedrooms	185	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	5,460	...	...	0	...	...
2 bedrooms	13,190	...	...	15	...	...
3 bedrooms	17,730	...	...	20	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	10,705	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	47,275	...	...	75	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	12,380	...	...	0	...	...
5 rooms	7,120	...	...	10	...	...
6 rooms	6,855	...	...	15	...	...
7 rooms	6,640	...	...	15	...	...
8 or more rooms	14,280	...	...	35	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.3	...	...	7.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	47,275	...	...	70	...	...
One person or fewer per room	47,015	...	...	75	...	...
More than 1 person per room	260	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	47,275	...	...	75	...	...
Suitable	46,160	...	...	75	...	...
Not suitable	1,110	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	47,275	...	...	70	...	...
1960 or before	8,960	...	...	0	...	...
1961 to 1980	12,820	...	...	25	...	...
1981 to 1990	4,960	...	...	20	...	...
1991 to 2000	6,030	...	...	15	...	...
2001 to 2005	4,500	...	...	10	...	...
2006 to 2010	5,680	...	...	0	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	4,325	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	47,275	...	...	75	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	44,980	...	...	65	...	...
Major repairs needed	2,295	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	47,275	...	...	75	...	...
1 household maintainer	27,980	...	...	45	...	...
2 household maintainers	18,640	...	...	30	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	655	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	47,275	...	...	75	...	...
15 to 24 years	2,390	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	7,730	...	...	0	...	...
35 to 44 years	8,535	...	...	10	...	...
45 to 54 years	8,830	...	...	15	...	...
55 to 64 years	8,275	...	...	20	...	...
65 to 74 years	6,540	...	...	15	...	...
75 to 84 years	3,420	...	...	10	...	...
85 years and over	1,560	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	47,070	...	...	x	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	36,395	...	...	x	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	10,675	...	...	x	...	...
30% to less than 100%	9,560	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	29,500	...	...	70	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	66.9	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	12.1	...	...	x	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,066	...	...	230	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,104	...	...	294	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	170,558	...	...	48,000	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	196,571	...	...	59,409	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	17,775	...	...	0	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	12.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	40.4	...	...	x	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	808	...	...	0	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	845	...	...	0	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	89,410	42,470	46,935	170	85	90
No certificate, diploma or degree	14,155	6,855	7,300	75	40	35
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	25,155	12,530	12,620	40	10	25
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	50,105	23,085	27,020	60	30	25
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	6,220	4,035	2,185	20	15	0
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	3,510	1,930	1,580	20	15	10
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,705	2,100	610	0	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	21,750	9,230	12,520	25	15	15
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,970	785	1,185	0	0	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	20,160	9,040	11,125	10	0	10
Bachelor's degree	14,220	6,220	8,000	10	0	10
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,420	615	800	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	565	330	235	0	0	0
Master's degree	3,385	1,520	1,870	0	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	565	345	220	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	58,775	28,230	30,545	110	50	60
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,055	2,730	2,320	35	20	15
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	15,475	7,975	7,495	25	10	20
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	38,250	17,525	20,720	50	30	25
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,075	2,630	1,445	15	10	0
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,275	1,250	1,025	10	10	0
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,800	1,380	420	0	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	16,870	7,395	9,475	25	10	10
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,270	520	750	0	0	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	16,035	6,985	9,045	10	0	0
Bachelor's degree	11,360	4,935	6,420	10	0	0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,140	445	690	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	425	210	215	0	0	0
Master's degree	2,685	1,135	1,550	0	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	425	255	170	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	89,410	42,475	46,935	170	85	85
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	39,305	19,385	19,920	110	50	60
Education	3,960	1,100	2,860	10	0	10
13. Education	3,960	1,100	2,860	10	0	10
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,460	685	770	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	270	225	45	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,185	465	730	0	0	0
Humanities	2,155	925	1,240	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	350	80	265	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	445	120	320	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	435	205	235	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	155	100	60	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	240	150	85	0	0	0
54. History	340	210	125	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	195	45	145	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	4,665	1,550	3,115	0	0	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	50	10	40	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	455	185	270	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	955	30	925	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	845	300	545	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	35	10	30	0	0	0
42. Psychology	1,095	330	760	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	1,225	685	545	10	0	0
Business, management and public administration	13,715	5,025	8,690	10	0	10
30.16 Accounting and computer science	40	0	30	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	970	230	745	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	12,700	4,790	7,910	10	0	10
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,295	660	635	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	640	325	315	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	310	120	185	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	35	0	30	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	235	165	65	0	0	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	80	40	35	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	2,470	1,760	710	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	2,245	1,655	600	0	0	10
25. Library science	85	15	65	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	120	80	40	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	8,175	7,600	580	20	20	0
04. Architecture and related services	140	105	35	0	0	0
14. Engineering	1,140	990	150	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,190	1,920	270	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,775	1,760	15	10	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,985	1,925	60	10	0	0
48. Precision production	945	900	45	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	505	300	205	0	0	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	315	165	145	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	190	130	60	0	0	0
Health and related fields	7,710	1,480	6,225	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	620	345	275	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	6,920	1,050	5,875	10	0	0
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	160	90	80	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,985	2,005	1,975	10	10	10
12. Personal and culinary services	2,365	565	1,805	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	65	50	10	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	775	655	115	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	780	735	45	0	0	0
Other	10	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	10	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	58,770	28,230	30,540	110	50	60
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	20,525	10,705	9,820	60	25	40
Education	2,580	655	1,925	0	0	0
13. Education	2,580	655	1,925	10	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,135	550	585	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	210	165	40	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	920	380	540	0	0	0
Humanities	1,575	640	935	0	10	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	280	60	225	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	360	100	255	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	300	120	175	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	10	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	110	65	45	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	145	90	55	0	0	0
54. History	275	180	90	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	100	20	80	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,725	1,215	2,510	0	0	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	30	0	30	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	400	170	225	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	695	20	680	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	695	235	465	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	25	0	15	0	0	0
42. Psychology	890	240	650	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	995	540	450	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	10,750	3,980	6,770	0	0	0
30.16 Accounting and computer science	45	10	35	0	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	715	155	555	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	9,995	3,815	6,185	0	0	10
Physical and life sciences and technologies	990	515	480	10	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	525	290	240	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	215	80	130	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	35	0	30	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	170	115	55	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	55	25	30	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	2,155	1,565	590	0	0	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	2,000	1,475	520	0	0	10
25. Library science	45	10	30	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	100	65	40	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	6,180	5,640	535	20	15	0
04. Architecture and related services	110	80	30	0	0	0
14. Engineering	920	770	150	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,815	1,565	255	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,230	1,220	15	0	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,425	1,375	55	10	10	0
48. Precision production	675	630	40	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	410	245	175	10	0	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	250	140	110	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	165	105	55	0	0	10
Health and related fields	5,815	1,115	4,695	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	490	290	200	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	5,190	770	4,420	10	0	0
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	135	55	75	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,935	1,410	1,525	10	10	10
12. Personal and culinary services	1,785	405	1,380	0	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	30	20	15	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	560	470	90	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	565	520	35	10	10	0
Other	10	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	10	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	89,410	42,470	46,935	170	85	85
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	39,305	19,385	19,920	110	50	60
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	50,105	23,085	27,020	60	35	25
Location of study inside Canada	46,915	21,430	25,480	60	35	25
Same as province or territory of residence	35,405	15,870	19,535	55	35	20
Different than province or territory of residence	11,505	5,560	5,950	0	0	0
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	3,195	1,655	1,535	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	615	335	280	0	0	0
Philippines	225	65	160	0	0	0
India	100	50	50	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	245	150	100	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	305	180	125	0	0	0
France	310	175	140	0	0	0
Other	1,390	710	685	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	58,770	28,235	30,540	115	50	60
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	20,525	10,705	9,820	60	20	40
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	38,250	17,530	20,725	50	30	20
Location of study inside Canada	35,730	16,295	19,435	50	30	20
Same as province or territory of residence	27,000	12,235	14,760	45	25	20
Different than province or territory of residence	8,735	4,060	4,670	0	0	0
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	2,515	1,230	1,290	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	380	205	180	10	0	0
Philippines	205	55	155	0	0	0
India	90	45	50	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	145	80	65	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	240	110	125	0	0	0
France	265	150	120	0	0	0
Other	1,185	585	600	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	89,410	42,470	46,940	170	80	85
In the labour force	59,830	30,150	29,685	55	25	30
Employed	55,085	27,500	27,590	45	10	30
Unemployed	4,740	2,650	2,095	15	10	0
Not in the labour force	29,580	12,325	17,260	115	60	55
Participation rate	66.9	71.0	63.2	32.4	31.2	35.3
Employment rate	61.6	64.8	58.8	26.5	12.5	35.3
Unemployment rate	7.9	8.8	7.1	27.3	40.0	0.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	89,410	42,470	46,935	170	85	90
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	27,295	11,410	15,890	65	25	35
Worked	62,110	31,060	31,045	105	60	50
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	34,175	17,955	16,215	25	10	20
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	27,940	13,100	14,835	80	45	35
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.9	43.1	42.6	28.7	27.3	30.2
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	59,830	30,150	29,680	60	25	30
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,070	545	520	0	0	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	58,760	29,600	29,165	55	25	35
Employee	54,315	26,955	27,365	55	25	30
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	4,445	2,645	1,800	0	0	10
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	59,830	30,150	29,680	60	25	35
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,070	550	515	0	0	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	58,760	29,600	29,160	60	25	35
0 Management occupations	6,035	3,670	2,355	10	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	9,565	3,200	6,370	0	0	0
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	3,675	2,915	755	0	0	0
3 Health occupations	4,950	955	3,990	0	0	0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	7,040	2,475	4,565	10	0	10
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,520	670	845	0	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	17,550	7,935	9,620	0	0	10
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	6,525	6,225	295	20	15	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	645	545	100	10	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,265	1,000	260	10	0	0
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	59,830	30,145	29,680	60	25	30
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,070	550	520	0	0	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	58,760	29,600	29,160	55	25	35
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	310	235	70	10	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	575	415	160	0	0	0
22 Utilities	145	110	30	0	0	0
23 Construction	3,080	2,705	375	15	10	0
31-33 Manufacturing	2,995	2,220	780	0	0	0
41 Wholesale trade	2,470	1,840	630	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	8,145	4,045	4,100	0	0	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	3,405	2,510	890	10	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	1,595	925	670	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	3,475	1,385	2,090	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	740	470	265	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	3,170	1,815	1,360	0	0	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	85	35	55	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	4,390	2,350	2,040	10	0	0
61 Educational services	3,990	1,355	2,635	10	0	10
62 Health care and social assistance	7,900	1,455	6,445	10	0	0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,425	790	635	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	4,530	1,755	2,775	0	0	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,235	995	1,235	0	0	0
91 Public administration	4,100	2,185	1,920	0	10	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	55,085	27,500	27,590	45	10	30
Worked at home	3,210	1,660	1,550	10	0	0
Worked outside Canada	200	120	75	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	4,640	3,465	1,175	0	0	0
Worked at usual place	47,040	22,255	24,785	35	15	25
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	47,040	22,255	24,785	40	15	25
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	26,965	12,415	14,555	30	0	20
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	11,495	5,570	5,925	0	10	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	7,805	3,770	4,035	0	0	0
Commute to a different province or territory	770	500	270	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	51,680	25,715	25,965	35	15	25
Car, truck, van - as a driver	40,275	20,785	19,490	25	10	20
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	4,750	1,870	2,880	10	0	0
Public transit	2,215	925	1,290	10	0	0
Walked	3,420	1,545	1,875	0	0	10
Bicycle	375	255	120	0	0	0
Other method	645	335	305	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	51,675	25,720	25,965	35	15	25
Less than 15 minutes	26,490	12,510	13,980	30	0	25
15 to 29 minutes	19,635	10,020	9,620	0	0	0
30 to 44 minutes	3,390	1,870	1,515	0	0	0
45 to 59 minutes	885	465	420	10	10	0
60 minutes and over	1,270	845	425	0	0	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	51,680	25,715	25,965	35	10	25
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,815	1,295	515	0	0	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	5,350	3,030	2,315	0	10	0
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	17,920	8,755	9,165	10	0	0
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	12,430	5,580	6,845	15	10	15
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	5,505	2,300	3,205	10	0	10
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	8,660	4,745	3,915	10	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	63,840	31,850	31,990	110	60	55
Single responses	59,395	29,790	29,605	110	60	50
Official languages	59,210	29,700	29,510	110	60	55
English	48,260	25,295	22,960	110	55	50
French	10,955	4,400	6,550	0	0	0
Non-official languages	185	85	90	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	180	90	95	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	60	40	25	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	60	40	20	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	50	35	15	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	20	0	15	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	90	40	50	0	0	0
Chinese languages	85	40	50	0	0	0
Cantonese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	75	35	35	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	4,445	2,060	2,385	0	0	0
English and French	4,320	2,000	2,325	0	0	0
English and non-official language	110	55	55	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	10	10	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	63,840	31,850	31,985	110	55	50
None	42,095	21,495	20,600	110	55	55
English	7,455	3,160	4,295	0	0	0
French	13,940	7,010	6,930	0	0	0
Non-official language	280	140	145	0	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	280	145	140	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	15	15	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	45	25	25	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	105,555	50,845	54,715	195	100	95
Non-movers	88,290	42,415	45,875	180	90	90
Movers	17,265	8,425	8,840	15	10	10
Non-migrants	10,445	4,970	5,470	10	0	0
Migrants	6,820	3,455	3,365	10	10	0
Internal migrants	5,610	2,795	2,815	10	0	0
Intraprovincial migrants	3,780	1,890	1,895	10	0	10
Interprovincial migrants	1,830	910	915	0	0	0
External migrants	1,210	655	555	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	101,280	48,705	52,575	190	95	95
Non-movers	58,630	28,215	30,425	165	80	80
Movers	42,650	20,495	22,150	25	15	10
Non-migrants	23,895	11,295	12,595	15	10	0
Migrants	18,755	9,195	9,560	15	10	10
Internal migrants	15,505	7,440	8,070	10	0	10
Intraprovincial migrants	10,230	4,865	5,360	10	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	5,280	2,570	2,705	0	0	0
External migrants	3,250	1,760	1,490	0	0	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

x

area and data suppression

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Moncton [Population centre], New Brunswick and St. Lewis, T [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 16, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Moncton [Population centre], New Brunswick and St. Lewis, Town [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador

Census Profile, 2016 Census Moncton [Population centre], New Brunswick and St. Lewis, Town [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Moncton [Population centre], New Brunswick and St. Lewis, Town [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador