Census Profile, 2016 Census
North Bay [Population centre], Ontario and Fort Macleod [Population centre], Alberta

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	North Bay Ontario [Population centre]			Fort Macleod Alberta [Population centre]
	Data quality , North Bay [Population centre], Ontario Map : North Bay [Population centre], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Fort Macleod [Population centre], Alberta Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	50,396	...	...	2,708	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	52,405 ^r	...	...	2,874^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-3.8	...	...	-5.8	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	24,244	...	...	1,316	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	22,201	...	...	1,132	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	771.5	...	...	1,239.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	65.32	...	...	2.19	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	50,390	24,175	26,215	2,695	1,270	1,430
0 to 14 years	7,560	3,850	3,710	465	230	235
0 to 4 years	2,415	1,240	1,170	175	90	85
5 to 9 years	2,545	1,290	1,255	145	65	80
10 to 14 years	2,605	1,315	1,285	140	70	70
15 to 64 years	32,800	16,050	16,755	1,605	765	840
15 to 19 years	2,895	1,470	1,420	150	70	80
20 to 24 years	3,480	1,695	1,785	140	70	70
25 to 29 years	3,385	1,735	1,645	160	75	90
30 to 34 years	3,105	1,520	1,585	135	65	75
35 to 39 years	2,815	1,390	1,425	145	75	70
40 to 44 years	2,915	1,430	1,480	115	55	60
45 to 49 years	3,155	1,525	1,630	155	70	85
50 to 54 years	3,965	1,880	2,085	195	100	95
55 to 59 years	3,835	1,885	1,955	200	100	105
60 to 64 years	3,260	1,525	1,735	190	90	105
65 years and over	10,030	4,275	5,750	630	275	360
65 to 69 years	2,990	1,400	1,585	200	90	115
70 to 74 years	2,295	990	1,305	160	80	85
75 to 79 years	1,930	820	1,110	105	40	65
80 to 84 years	1,440	610	830	85	40	45
85 years and over	1,375	450	930	75	25	50
85 to 89 years	880	315	565	50	20	30
90 to 94 years	395	120	280	15	5	15
95 to 99 years	90	15	75	5	0	5
100 years and over	10	5	5	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.0	15.9	14.2	17.3	18.1	16.4
15 to 64 years	65.1	66.4	63.9	59.6	60.2	58.7
65 years and over	19.9	17.7	21.9	23.4	21.7	25.2
85 years and over	2.7	1.9	3.5	2.8	2.0	3.5
Average age of the population	42.7	41.3	44.0	43.4	42.5	44.3
Median age of the population	43.5	41.5	45.1	46.0	44.6	46.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	22,205	...	...	1,130	...	...
Single-detached house	10,795	...	...	880	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,890	...	...	20	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	9,480	...	...	105	...	...
Semi-detached house	2,085	...	...	30	...	...
Row house	1,835	...	...	20	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,485	...	...	15	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	4,010	...	...	45	...	...
Other single-attached house	55	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	35	...	...	125	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	22,200	...	...	1,130	...	...
1 person	7,205	...	...	355	...	...
2 persons	8,225	...	...	430	...	...
3 persons	3,150	...	...	150	...	...
4 persons	2,440	...	...	100	...	...
5 or more persons	1,175	...	...	95	...	...
Number of persons in private households	49,200	...	...	2,605	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	42,830	20,330	22,510	2,230	1,040	1,195
Married or living common law	23,160	11,580	11,580	1,300	645	650
Married	18,025	9,030	9,000	1,095	550	550
Living common law	5,135	2,555	2,585	200	100	105
Not married and not living common law	19,670	8,745	10,925	935	395	545
Never married	11,765	6,255	5,515	495	255	235
Separated	1,740	705	1,030	60	25	35
Divorced	3,005	1,175	1,830	205	80	125
Widowed	3,160	605	2,555	175	35	145
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	14,195	...	...	740	...	...
2 persons	8,240	...	...	420	...	...
3 persons	2,915	...	...	140	...	...
4 persons	2,215	...	...	100	...	...
5 or more persons	825	...	...	75	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	14,195	...	...	745	...	...
Total couple families	11,360	...	...	635	...	...
Married couples	8,795	...	...	535	...	...
Common-law couples	2,570	...	...	100	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	2,835	...	...	105	...	...
Female parent	2,275	...	...	90	...	...
Male parent	560	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	11,360	...	...	635	...	...
Couples without children	6,430	...	...	355	...	...
Couples with children	4,925	...	...	280	...	...
1 child	2,120	...	...	120	...	...
2 children	2,030	...	...	85	...	...
3 or more children	780	...	...	75	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	2,835	...	...	105	...	...
1 child	1,805	...	...	70	...	...
2 children	795	...	...	25	...	...
3 or more children	235	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	10,730	4,915	5,815	510	215	295
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	22,200	...	...	1,130	...	...
One-census-family households	13,655	...	...	720	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	6,215	...	...	350	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	7,440	...	...	375	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	270	...	...	10	...	...
Non-census-family households	8,280	...	...	400	...	...
One-person households	7,205	...	...	355	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	1,070	...	...	45	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	49,770	23,910	25,855	2,625	1,245	1,380
English only	36,855	18,250	18,605	2,560	1,220	1,345
French only	145	55	90	0	0	0
English and French	12,670	5,560	7,115	50	20	30
Neither English nor French	95	45	50	10	0	5
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	49,765	23,905	25,860	2,625	1,240	1,380
English	43,325	21,075	22,250	2,595	1,225	1,365
French	6,180	2,720	3,460	15	10	5
English and French	175	70	105	5	0	0
Neither English nor French	80	35	45	10	5	5
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	6,270	2,755	3,515	20	15	5
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	12.6	11.5	13.6	0.8	1.2	0.4
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	49,765	23,910	25,860	2,625	1,240	1,380
Single responses	48,880	23,510	25,365	2,580	1,225	1,355
Official languages	46,745	22,525	24,215	2,235	1,070	1,160
English	40,325	19,690	20,645	2,215	1,055	1,155
French	6,420	2,845	3,575	20	10	10
Non-official languages	2,130	985	1,150	350	155	195
Aboriginal languages	155	70	90	35	10	25
Algonquian languages	150	70	85	30	10	25
Blackfoot	0	0	0	30	10	20
Cree-Montagnais languages	135	55	80	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	5	5	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	10	5	5	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	40	15	25	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	80	30	45	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	15	5	5	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	5	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,980	915	1,065	315	145	170
Afro-Asiatic languages	35	20	15	0	5	0
Berber languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	35	25	15	0	0	0
Amharic	0	5	0	0	0	0
Arabic	30	20	15	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	30	10	20	5	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	30	15	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	55	10	45	80	40	45
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	50	10	40	80	35	45
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	40	20	15	0	0	0
Kannada	5	5	5	0	0	0
Malayalam	15	5	5	0	0	0
Tamil	5	5	0	0	0	0
Telugu	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,465	685	780	195	90	105
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	280	125	155	15	5	5
Baltic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Latvian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	275	120	155	15	5	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	5	5	5	0	5
Croatian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Czech	35	20	20	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	95	40	55	5	0	0
Russian	40	15	25	0	0	0
Serbian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	50	20	25	10	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	340	140	195	165	70	95
Afrikaans	10	5	5	5	5	5
Danish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dutch	70	25	45	105	40	55
Frisian	0	0	5	0	0	0
German	235	100	135	50	20	25
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	40	25	15	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	185	95	90	15	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages	155	80	75	15	10	5
Bengali	10	5	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	35	15	15	0	5	5
Hindi	25	15	15	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	5	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	20	15	5	5	5	5
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Urdu	45	25	25	0	0	0
Iranian languages	35	15	15	0	0	0
Kurdish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Pashto	10	5	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	615	300	320	5	5	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	435	210	225	5	0	0
Portuguese	60	30	30	0	0	0
Romanian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Spanish	95	45	45	5	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	5	10	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	20	10	10	15	5	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	30	20	15	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	5	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	5	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	5	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	5	10	5	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	180	90	95	10	5	5
Chinese languages	180	90	90	10	0	5
Cantonese	75	45	35	5	0	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	80	35	45	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	10	10	5	0	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	75	35	45	0	0	0
Estonian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Finnish	40	15	30	0	0	0
Hungarian	30	15	15	5	5	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	5	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	890	395	495	40	20	25
English and French	715	320	395	0	0	0
English and non-official language	150	65	85	40	15	25
French and non-official language	10	5	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15	5	10	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	49,770	23,910	25,855	2,625	1,245	1,380
Single responses	48,930	23,565	25,365	2,540	1,205	1,340
Official languages	48,230	23,230	24,995	2,410	1,140	1,270
English	46,035	22,290	23,750	2,410	1,140	1,265
French	2,190	940	1,250	0	0	0
Non-official languages	705	335	370	135	65	70
Aboriginal languages	65	35	35	15	10	5
Algonquian languages	65	35	30	15	5	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	10	5	5
Cree-Montagnais languages	65	30	30	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	10	5	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	20	10	5	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	35	15	20	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	635	300	335	120	55	65
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	10	5	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	20	10	5	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	20	15	10	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	25	10	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	5	5	55	25	30
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	5	5	50	25	30
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Kannada	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tamil	5	5	0	0	0	0
Telugu	10	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	385	180	210	55	30	25
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	70	35	40	5	0	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	70	35	40	0	5	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	0	5	0	0
Croatian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Czech	15	10	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Russian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	35	15	20	40	20	20
Afrikaans	10	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	5	0	0	35	15	20
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	25	10	10	5	5	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	90	45	45	10	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages	75	35	40	10	5	5
Bengali	10	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	20	10	10	5	0	0
Hindi	15	5	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	5	5	5	5	5
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	15	10	5	0	0	0
Iranian languages	25	10	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	5	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	185	80	105	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	120	45	75	0	0	0
Portuguese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Romanian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Spanish	35	20	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	5	15	5	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	0	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	5	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	5	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	115	65	55	5	0	5
Chinese languages	115	60	55	5	0	5
Cantonese	45	25	20	0	0	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	55	25	25	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	10	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	835	340	495	80	40	40
English and French	510	200	310	0	0	0
English and non-official language	305	135	175	80	35	45
French and non-official language	5	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	20	10	10	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	49,770	23,905	25,860	2,625	1,245	1,380
None	43,755	21,320	22,430	2,430	1,155	1,275
English	1,535	680	850	70	35	35
French	3,640	1,535	2,110	10	0	5
Non-official language	795	360	440	110	45	60
Aboriginal	100	40	60	20	10	10
Non-Aboriginal	700	320	380	95	45	50
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	15	5	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	20	10	15	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	41,660	19,805	21,855	2,140	1,005	1,135
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	40,190	19,090	21,100	2,060	960	1,095
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,063	37,682	27,938	32,981	43,648	26,688
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	40,200	19,090	21,110	2,055	960	1,095
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,417	33,896	25,965	30,432	38,677	25,523
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	35,010	16,840	18,165	1,825	880	940
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,051	36,719	24,738	30,699	43,059	23,456
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	30,695	13,670	17,020	1,415	565	850
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,028	7,666	8,224	9,712	11,264	9,120
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	28,100	14,170	13,930	1,450	725	720
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,052	34,242	26,833	32,768	44,864	25,280
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	41,785	19,850	21,935	2,190	1,005	1,190
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	40,220	19,085	21,135	2,085	960	1,130
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,914	48,444	36,017	40,310	48,824	33,047
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	40,240	19,085	21,155	2,085	960	1,125
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,599	40,305	31,355	34,994	41,279	29,633
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	34,985	16,785	18,205	1,845	865	980
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,332	47,974	33,286	38,029	47,847	29,361
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	31,010	13,930	17,085	1,435	560	875
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,856	8,563	9,094	9,770	9,887	9,695
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	28,165	14,075	14,085	1,455	690	760
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,016	45,749	34,286	38,883	49,420	29,299
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	41,785	19,855	21,935	2,185	1,000	1,185
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	12,735	6,700	6,040	670	385	285
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	50,459	55,097	47,336	48,079	52,279	43,032
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	59,638	66,212	52,348	51,924	56,007	46,443
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	84.0	87.6	79.6	83.8	87.8	77.8
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	66.8	70.1	62.9	67.0	72.9	59.1
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	16.0	12.4	20.4	16.3	11.9	22.3
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	41,665	19,805	21,855	2,135	1,000	1,140
Without total income	1,475	715	755	80	40	40
With total income	40,190	19,090	21,100	2,055	965	1,095
Percentage with total income	96.5	96.4	96.5	96.3	96.5	96.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	5,055	2,255	2,800	245	85	165
$10,000 to $19,999	7,840	3,155	4,690	320	95	225
$20,000 to $29,999	6,120	2,440	3,675	370	165	210
$30,000 to $39,999	4,850	2,210	2,645	275	100	175
$40,000 to $49,999	4,185	2,050	2,135	235	115	115
$50,000 to $59,999	3,270	1,715	1,555	175	95	80
$60,000 to $69,999	2,425	1,385	1,040	120	80	40
$70,000 to $79,999	1,685	930	755	80	65	20
$80,000 to $89,999	1,340	750	590	60	40	20
$90,000 to $99,999	1,140	590	550	55	40	15
$100,000 and over	2,280	1,610	670	110	80	30
$100,000 to $149,999	1,650	1,120	525	95	70	25
$150,000 and over	635	495	140	20	15	5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	41,660	19,805	21,850	2,140	1,005	1,135
Without after-tax income	1,460	715	745	85	40	40
With after-tax income	40,200	19,090	21,110	2,060	965	1,100
Percentage with after-tax income	96.5	96.4	96.6	96.3	96.0	96.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	5,255	2,280	2,975	250	80	165
$10,000 to $19,999	8,180	3,295	4,880	345	100	245
$20,000 to $29,999	7,050	2,930	4,120	415	175	240
$30,000 to $39,999	5,635	2,635	2,995	335	145	190
$40,000 to $49,999	4,750	2,390	2,355	260	135	125
$50,000 to $59,999	3,180	1,795	1,385	165	110	55
$60,000 to $69,999	2,200	1,235	960	105	85	25
$70,000 to $79,999	1,630	885	745	60	40	20
$80,000 and over	2,325	1,640	685	120	95	35
$80,000 to $89,999	895	555	340	65	50	15
$90,000 to $99,999	470	325	140	30	15	15
$100,000 and over	965	760	205	30	25	5
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	41,665	19,810	21,855	2,140	1,000	1,140
Without employment income	13,560	5,640	7,925	695	280	415
With employment income	28,100	14,170	13,935	1,450	725	720
Percentage with employment income	67.4	71.5	63.8	67.8	72.5	63.2
Under $5,000 (including loss)	4,550	2,375	2,170	205	75	125
$5,000 to $9,999	2,435	1,065	1,370	110	40	75
$10,000 to $19,999	3,750	1,615	2,135	190	75	110
$20,000 to $29,999	3,295	1,465	1,830	175	70	105
$30,000 to $39,999	2,840	1,280	1,555	175	65	110
$40,000 to $49,999	2,625	1,310	1,310	140	75	65
$50,000 to $59,999	2,150	1,140	1,010	140	95	45
$60,000 to $69,999	1,555	915	645	70	40	25
$70,000 to $79,999	1,205	655	545	75	55	15
$80,000 and over	3,700	2,350	1,350	175	130	45
$80,000 to $89,999	1,035	580	455	45	30	15
$90,000 to $99,999	965	495	465	50	35	15
$100,000 and over	1,705	1,270	430	80	65	15
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	22,200	...	...	1,130	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	59,967	...	...	61,184	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	53,822	...	...	55,040	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	7,210	...	...	355	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,970	...	...	31,712	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,621	...	...	29,683	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	14,990	...	...	775	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	78,639	...	...	80,469	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	69,632	...	...	72,619	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	22,245	...	...	1,160	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	75,784	...	...	72,675	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	64,397	...	...	63,091	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	7,220	...	...	380	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,383	...	...	41,463	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,172	...	...	36,642	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	15,020	...	...	775	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	93,762	...	...	88,063	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	79,405	...	...	76,131	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	22,200	...	...	1,130	...	...
Under $5,000	210	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	335	...	...	15	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,000	...	...	20	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,200	...	...	40	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,255	...	...	85	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,045	...	...	50	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,100	...	...	70	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,105	...	...	60	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,000	...	...	55	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	985	...	...	50	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,860	...	...	95	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,640	...	...	80	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,475	...	...	75	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,320	...	...	70	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,120	...	...	55	...	...
$100,000 and over	5,535	...	...	300	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,065	...	...	125	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,310	...	...	85	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,330	...	...	65	...	...
$200,000 and over	825	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	22,200	...	...	1,135	...	...
Under $5,000	230	...	...	15	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	340	...	...	15	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,000	...	...	15	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,240	...	...	45	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,385	...	...	90	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,200	...	...	60	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,240	...	...	80	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,270	...	...	70	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,220	...	...	55	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,145	...	...	55	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,160	...	...	130	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,850	...	...	80	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,625	...	...	75	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,300	...	...	75	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,070	...	...	80	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,920	...	...	190	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,830	...	...	105	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	990	...	...	45	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,100	...	...	40	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	14,165	...	...	750	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	79,048	...	...	80,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	69,856	...	...	71,424	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	6,095	...	...	345	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	74,840	...	...	78,336	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	66,619	...	...	70,656	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	4,995	...	...	280	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	110,817	...	...	96,000	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	95,080	...	...	82,859	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	2,690	...	...	105	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	44,729	...	...	47,104	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	42,247	...	...	45,653	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	14,225	...	...	750	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	94,308	...	...	86,857	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	79,623	...	...	75,073	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	6,110	...	...	375	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	87,855	...	...	82,379	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,942	...	...	70,980	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	4,980	...	...	240	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	124,162	...	...	105,306	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	103,368	...	...	91,966	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,710	...	...	95	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	55,019	...	...	58,184	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	49,277	...	...	49,232	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	9,785	4,500	5,290	445	185	260
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	26,403	26,532	26,270	30,576	32,939	29,973
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	24,848	24,907	24,832	29,376	30,592	28,736
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	9,755	4,420	5,340	470	175	300
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	35,253	36,077	34,571	40,990	47,651	37,081
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	30,705	31,049	30,420	36,107	40,411	33,580
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	49,200	23,645	25,555	2,605	1,235	1,370
In the bottom half of the distribution	26,960	12,660	14,290	1,490	680	815
In the bottom decile	6,060	2,925	3,135	245	110	135
In the second decile	5,830	2,495	3,330	310	140	165
In the third decile	5,195	2,435	2,760	335	135	200
In the fourth decile	4,895	2,350	2,545	325	155	170
In the fifth decile	4,975	2,460	2,515	275	135	145
In the top half of the distribution	22,245	10,980	11,260	1,110	555	555
In the sixth decile	4,825	2,360	2,465	250	130	120
In the seventh decile	4,810	2,365	2,445	265	130	130
In the eighth decile	4,650	2,265	2,385	205	100	105
In the ninth decile	4,670	2,335	2,330	275	140	140
In the top decile	3,290	1,655	1,630	120	60	60
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	49,200	23,650	25,555	2,605	1,230	1,375
0 to 17 years	9,215	4,715	4,500	565	275	290
0 to 5 years	2,900	1,490	1,415	200	100	100
18 to 64 years	30,640	14,850	15,795	1,470	705	765
65 years and over	9,345	4,080	5,265	570	250	315
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	8,580	3,860	4,715	395	175	215
0 to 17 years	1,960	1,010	950	125	65	60
0 to 5 years	745	375	375	45	20	20
18 to 64 years	5,345	2,465	2,880	205	90	120
65 years and over	1,275	385	885	60	20	40
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	17.4	16.3	18.5	15.2	14.2	15.6
0 to 17 years (%)	21.3	21.4	21.1	22.1	23.6	20.7
0 to 5 years (%)	25.7	25.2	26.5	22.5	20.0	20.0
18 to 64 years (%)	17.4	16.6	18.2	13.9	12.8	15.7
65 years and over (%)	13.6	9.4	16.8	10.5	8.0	12.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	4,775	2,380	2,390	170	75	90
0 to 17 years	910	500	415	60	30	30
0 to 5 years	370	200	170	25	15	10
18 to 64 years	3,690	1,830	1,860	105	45	65
65 years and over	170	55	115	10	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	9.7	10.1	9.4	6.5	6.1	6.5
0 to 17 years (%)	9.9	10.6	9.2	10.6	10.9	10.3
0 to 5 years (%)	12.8	13.4	12.0	12.5	15.0	10.0
18 to 64 years (%)	12.0	12.3	11.8	7.1	6.4	8.5
65 years and over (%)	1.8	1.3	2.2	1.8	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	49,315	23,670	25,640	2,605	1,185	1,420
Official languages	49,180	23,615	25,565	2,595	1,185	1,410
English	49,030	23,550	25,475	2,595	1,185	1,410
French	12,650	5,490	7,160	50	25	20
Non-official languages	2,995	1,420	1,575	420	205	220
Aboriginal languages	275	120	160	65	35	35
Algonquian languages	260	105	155	70	35	35
Blackfoot	0	0	0	70	35	35
Cree-Montagnais languages	205	80	125	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	15	10	10	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	10	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	10	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	85	30	55	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	100	40	60	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	60	35	30	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	55	25	30	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	10	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	10	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,725	1,305	1,425	355	170	185
Afro-Asiatic languages	95	55	40	0	10	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	95	60	35	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	90	55	30	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	0	10	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	55	20	30	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	55	20	35	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	60	10	60	85	35	55
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	15	0	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	50	0	50	85	35	55
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	35	20	20	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	35	15	20	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,055	1,010	1,040	235	115	120
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	285	135	155	15	15	0
Baltic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	280	125	150	15	15	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Czech	15	0	15	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Polish	100	45	60	0	0	0
Russian	90	45	50	0	10	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	10	15	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	20	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	50	20	25	15	15	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages	20	15	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	15	10	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	435	200	235	165	65	95
Afrikaans	10	0	0	20	0	20
Danish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dutch	55	30	30	90	40	50
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	340	150	190	50	25	30
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	45	30	15	10	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages	265	130	130	30	20	15
Indo-Aryan languages	225	110	115	25	15	10
Bengali	15	0	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	30	10	15	0	0	0
Hindi	125	55	70	10	10	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	10	10	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	40	10	30	25	10	15
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	70	45	25	0	0	0
Iranian languages	35	25	15	0	0	0
Kurdish	25	20	10	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,050	525	520	30	15	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	620	320	310	0	0	0
Portuguese	95	60	40	0	0	0
Romanian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Spanish	350	150	200	30	20	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	40	20	15	0	10	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	30	20	15	20	10	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	10	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	0	10	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	10	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	40	10	25	0	0	0
American Sign Language	15	0	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	25	10	15	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	220	110	110	0	0	0
Chinese languages	220	110	110	0	0	0
Cantonese	140	80	60	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	80	35	45	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	10	0	0	0
Thai	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	80	25	50	0	0	0
Estonian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	50	15	40	0	0	0
Hungarian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	49,315	23,670	25,640	2,605	1,185	1,420
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	48,635	23,375	25,265	2,445	1,125	1,320
Canadian citizens aged under 18	9,180	4,645	4,535	495	220	270
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	39,460	18,730	20,725	1,955	900	1,045
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	680	300	380	165	65	100
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	49,315	23,675	25,640	2,605	1,190	1,420
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	46,510	22,385	24,125	2,265	1,040	1,230
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	2,745	1,265	1,485	305	135	170
Before 1981	1,545	710	835	125	60	65
1981 to 1990	265	130	130	40	20	15
1991 to 2000	275	105	170	20	20	0
2001 to 2010	455	230	225	25	0	25
2001 to 2005	170	85	80	15	0	15
2006 to 2010	290	140	145	10	0	10
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	205	90	115	95	40	60
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	60	25	40	30	15	15
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	2,745	1,265	1,480	305	135	170
Under 5 years	440	225	215	30	10	25
5 to 14 years	570	300	270	95	45	45
15 to 24 years	705	275	430	70	30	45
25 to 44 years	965	445	520	110	55	60
45 years and over	70	20	45	0	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	2,745	1,265	1,480	305	140	170
Americas	490	240	250	40	20	20
Brazil	10	0	10	0	0	0
Colombia	10	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	10	0	10	0	0	0
Guyana	20	15	10	0	0	0
Haiti	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	20	0	20	0	0	0
Mexico	30	10	20	10	0	10
Peru	10	0	10	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	15	10	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	320	165	155	15	10	10
Other places of birth in Americas	55	35	20	15	0	10
Europe	1,530	690	850	150	65	90
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	45	15	25	0	0	0
Germany	230	110	115	20	0	10
Greece	25	15	10	10	10	0
Hungary	25	20	0	0	10	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	25	10	15	0	0	0
Italy	270	140	135	0	0	0
Netherlands	45	15	30	60	15	40
Poland	60	20	35	10	0	0
Portugal	45	30	20	0	0	0
Romania	25	15	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	45	20	25	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	15	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	550	225	330	45	20	30
Other places of birth in Europe	125	45	80	10	10	0
Africa	105	70	35	15	0	10
Algeria	10	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	10	10	15	0	15
Other places of birth in Africa	70	45	20	0	0	0
Asia	585	255	335	100	50	50
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	10	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	140	60	80	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	15	10	10	0	0	0
India	145	65	85	20	15	10
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Lebanon	15	10	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	50	25	25	0	0	0
Philippines	50	0	50	75	30	45
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	25	20	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	50	30	20	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	35	25	10	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	30	10	15	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	210	90	115	95	40	55
Americas	20	10	10	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	10	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	15	0	10	10	0	10
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	10	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	0	10	0	10
Africa	0	0	0	10	0	10
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	175	75	95	75	35	40
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	15	0	15	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	45	25	25	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	10	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Philippines	20	0	20	75	30	45
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	30	20	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	15	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	49,315	23,675	25,645	2,605	1,185	1,420
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	3,060	1,415	1,650	335	155	190
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	5,820	2,840	2,980	535	235	295
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	40,435	19,420	21,015	1,735	795	935
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	1,240	575	660	185	85	105
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	545	260	275	120	60	60
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	250	180	70	35	20	15
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	295	80	215	85	40	50
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	560	225	335	70	25	45
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	130	85	45	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	49,320	23,675	25,640	2,605	1,185	1,415
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	5,310	2,525	2,785	275	105	170
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	5,060	2,380	2,675	275	105	170
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	3,050	1,400	1,655	225	80	140
Métis	1,990	970	1,025	50	25	25
Inuk (Inuit)	20	15	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	90	55	40	0	10	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	165	90	75	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	44,005	21,145	22,860	2,325	1,080	1,245
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	49,320	23,675	25,645	2,605	1,185	1,420
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	2,200	995	1,200	210	70	140
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	47,120	22,680	24,440	2,400	1,115	1,280
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	49,320	23,675	25,640	2,610	1,190	1,420
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	1,245	550	695	180	65	115
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	1,215	520	695	175	60	115
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	1,020	425	595	180	65	115
Métis single ancestry	190	90	95	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	10	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	30	35	0	0	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15	15	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	15	15	0	10	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	4,940	2,340	2,595	155	80	80
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	4,790	2,270	2,520	150	75	75
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,195	1,510	1,690	100	45	50
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,570	750	815	55	25	20
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	10	15	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	150	65	80	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	120	60	65	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	10	15	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	43,130	20,785	22,345	2,265	1,045	1,225
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	49,315	23,675	25,640	2,605	1,185	1,420
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	1,630	775	860	165	80	85
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	395	205	195	30	20	10
Chinese	370	185	185	0	0	0
Black	290	165	130	10	10	0
Filipino	65	0	60	95	35	60
Latin American	120	55	60	0	0	0
Arab	50	25	25	0	10	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	90	40	55	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Korean	20	10	15	20	10	10
Japanese	50	20	30	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	70	40	35	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	90	30	60	10	10	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	47,685	22,900	24,785	2,440	1,105	1,330
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	49,315	23,675	25,645	2,605	1,185	1,420
North American Aboriginal origins	6,185	2,890	3,295	340	140	195
First Nations (North American Indian)	4,400	2,035	2,370	285	115	170
Inuit	70	40	30	0	0	0
Métis	1,895	915	975	55	30	25
Other North American origins	21,090	10,020	11,070	680	310	370
Acadian	60	40	20	0	0	0
American	450	225	225	80	30	50
Canadian	20,730	9,825	10,900	645	305	345
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	60	35	25	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	35	10	20	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	37,205	17,830	19,370	1,955	910	1,045
British Isles origins	25,925	12,450	13,475	1,190	500	690
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	14,100	6,730	7,370	840	345	495
Irish	11,730	5,425	6,305	405	165	240
Manx	15	10	0	0	0	0
Scottish	10,575	5,125	5,450	515	220	295
Welsh	925	465	460	40	15	25
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	1,490	735	755	45	20	25
French origins	14,860	6,960	7,905	195	70	130
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	14,860	6,960	7,905	195	70	130
Western European origins (except French origins)	7,475	3,390	4,085	885	440	445
Austrian	295	120	175	15	0	15
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	160	65	90	0	0	0
Dutch	1,530	760	770	440	190	255
Flemish	10	0	0	10	0	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	5,930	2,595	3,335	445	235	210
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	255	125	135	25	15	10
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,640	780	855	260	110	145
Danish	270	115	150	35	15	15
Finnish	540	260	285	0	0	0
Icelandic	60	20	40	20	15	0
Norwegian	350	205	145	75	30	50
Swedish	425	190	240	130	55	75
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	85	45	40	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	3,120	1,525	1,590	305	165	140
Bulgarian	40	10	30	0	0	0
Byelorussian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Czech	75	40	35	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	55	30	25	0	0	0
Estonian	35	20	20	0	0	0
Hungarian	235	125	110	35	15	25
Latvian	50	30	20	0	0	0
Lithuanian	85	50	35	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	1,350	660	685	80	30	40
Romanian	165	100	65	20	10	10
Russian	370	150	220	45	20	30
Slovak	65	45	20	0	0	0
Ukrainian	965	445	515	165	100	60
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Southern European origins	4,185	2,010	2,170	95	60	35
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	50	10	40	10	10	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	245	125	120	15	0	10
Italian	3,290	1,610	1,685	45	25	20
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	45	20	20	0	0	0
Maltese	25	20	10	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	270	145	130	0	0	0
Serbian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Sicilian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	35	15	25	0	0	0
Spanish	230	105	125	30	20	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	65	15	50	10	0	10
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	210	130	80	0	10	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	70	45	25	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	20	0	10	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	115	70	40	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	215	90	125	0	10	10
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	10	0	10	10	0	10
Dominican	0	10	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	110	40	70	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	30	20	15	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	255	105	155	15	0	10
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	20	10	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	40	15	30	10	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	120	40	85	0	0	10
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Salvadorean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	20	0	15	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	10	0	0	0	0
African origins	245	140	105	25	10	20
Central and West African origins	70	55	15	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	20	15	10	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	35	30	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	55	30	30	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sudanese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	10	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	60	25	35	25	10	20
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	35	15	20	25	10	15
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	15	10	10	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	60	35	25	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	40	30	15	0	0	0
Asian origins	1,415	660	760	165	75	90
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	255	130	125	15	15	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	40	25	15	0	0	0
Iraqi	10	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	30	20	10	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	110	50	60	10	15	0
Palestinian	20	0	10	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	15	0	15	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	445	220	220	30	20	10
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	335	175	165	30	20	10
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	70	35	35	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	10	10	10	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	20	10	15	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	725	300	425	130	45	80
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	455	220	230	30	15	15
Filipino	90	10	85	95	30	60
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	55	20	35	10	0	10
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	0	10	20	10	10
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	90	35	50	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	80	30	50	0	0	0
Australian	50	15	30	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	10	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	30	10	20	0	0	0
Fijian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Hawaiian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	22,245	...	...	1,160	...	...
Owner	13,315	...	...	890	...	...
Renter	8,930	...	...	270	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	22,245	...	...	1,155	...	...
Condominium	1,285	...	...	25	...	...
Not condominium	20,960	...	...	1,135	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	22,245	...	...	1,160	...	...
No bedrooms	120	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	3,185	...	...	90	...	...
2 bedrooms	5,355	...	...	260	...	...
3 bedrooms	7,625	...	...	380	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	5,960	...	...	435	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	22,245	...	...	1,155	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	5,605	...	...	185	...	...
5 rooms	2,990	...	...	160	...	...
6 rooms	3,225	...	...	195	...	...
7 rooms	2,990	...	...	155	...	...
8 or more rooms	7,435	...	...	465	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.4	...	...	7.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	22,245	...	...	1,155	...	...
One person or fewer per room	22,105	...	...	1,145	...	...
More than 1 person per room	140	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	22,245	...	...	1,160	...	...
Suitable	21,650	...	...	1,115	...	...
Not suitable	600	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	22,245	...	...	1,160	...	...
1960 or before	7,100	...	...	380	...	...
1961 to 1980	8,430	...	...	480	...	...
1981 to 1990	3,265	...	...	125	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,845	...	...	65	...	...
2001 to 2005	555	...	...	15	...	...
2006 to 2010	670	...	...	70	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	380	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	22,245	...	...	1,155	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	20,495	...	...	1,035	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,750	...	...	125	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	22,245	...	...	1,155	...	...
1 household maintainer	13,715	...	...	800	...	...
2 household maintainers	8,045	...	...	345	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	485	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	22,245	...	...	1,155	...	...
15 to 24 years	975	...	...	50	...	...
25 to 34 years	3,245	...	...	105	...	...
35 to 44 years	3,180	...	...	155	...	...
45 to 54 years	4,210	...	...	185	...	...
55 to 64 years	4,215	...	...	275	...	...
65 to 74 years	3,280	...	...	215	...	...
75 to 84 years	2,245	...	...	130	...	...
85 years and over	895	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	22,220	...	...	1,155	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	15,845	...	...	910	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	6,375	...	...	240	...	...
30% to less than 100%	5,810	...	...	215	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	13,315	...	...	890	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	61.5	...	...	51.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	15.6	...	...	14.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,160	...	...	759	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,241	...	...	919	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	239,851	...	...	200,431	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	265,501	...	...	240,212	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	8,930	...	...	270	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	17.9	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	48.2	...	...	40.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	870	...	...	921	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	899	...	...	981	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	41,785	19,855	21,930	2,185	1,000	1,190
No certificate, diploma or degree	7,750	3,830	3,915	540	270	265
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	11,285	5,575	5,710	695	315	385
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	22,750	10,440	12,310	950	415	535
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,065	2,190	880	245	185	65
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,620	1,025	600	90	50	45
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,450	1,165	285	155	135	25
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	11,915	4,885	7,030	425	115	305
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	560	250	310	50	20	30
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	7,215	3,120	4,095	230	95	135
Bachelor's degree	5,280	2,170	3,105	175	65	110
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	490	215	275	20	10	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	175	125	45	0	0	0
Master's degree	1,090	495	590	35	20	15
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	190	110	75	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	26,120	12,695	13,430	1,275	605	675
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,740	1,570	1,175	235	145	85
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	6,675	3,645	3,030	425	185	245
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	16,710	7,480	9,225	625	270	345
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,835	1,315	520	155	120	40
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	960	620	335	55	25	30
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	875	695	180	105	90	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	9,080	3,715	5,365	295	95	200
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	350	170	180	10	10	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	5,445	2,290	3,160	160	55	105
Bachelor's degree	3,960	1,590	2,370	120	40	85
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	415	185	225	10	0	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	110	75	35	0	0	0
Master's degree	805	345	460	25	10	20
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	160	90	70	10	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	41,785	19,850	21,930	2,190	1,005	1,185
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	19,030	9,410	9,620	1,240	585	650
Education	1,720	505	1,220	115	45	75
13. Education	1,720	500	1,215	115	45	70
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	715	385	335	10	0	15
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	180	160	25	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	535	230	305	15	0	15
Humanities	1,000	390	610	20	10	15
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	40	15	25	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	295	80	210	15	0	15
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	200	75	115	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	125	70	50	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	105	55	50	0	0	0
54. History	195	75	115	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	40	10	35	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,475	810	1,660	75	10	60
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	40	10	25	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	225	90	135	15	0	15
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	615	80	540	10	0	15
22. Legal professions and studies	300	95	205	10	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	55	15	40	0	0	10
42. Psychology	465	120	345	20	0	15
45. Social sciences	780	405	375	10	10	0
Business, management and public administration	4,450	1,570	2,880	140	40	95
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	715	180	535	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,730	1,385	2,345	135	40	95
Physical and life sciences and technologies	540	295	245	15	0	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	290	135	150	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	95	60	35	10	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	105	80	25	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	50	30	20	10	10	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	620	425	200	15	10	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	495	360	135	10	10	10
25. Library science	25	10	25	0	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	95	50	45	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	4,250	3,895	350	250	225	30
04. Architecture and related services	95	70	25	10	0	10
14. Engineering	445	355	90	20	15	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,070	975	100	45	30	15
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	920	870	45	95	90	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,025	985	45	50	50	0
48. Precision production	685	645	45	35	35	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	420	280	140	20	20	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	135	80	60	25	20	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	290	200	85	0	0	0
Health and related fields	4,575	815	3,755	230	35	195
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	295	160	135	10	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	4,235	625	3,615	225	35	190
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	35	30	10	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,975	1,075	905	55	25	35
12. Personal and culinary services	925	255	675	40	15	35
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	55	50	10	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	650	440	210	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	340	325	20	15	10	0
Other	0	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	26,120	12,690	13,430	1,280	605	675
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	9,410	5,210	4,200	655	330	330
Education	1,110	345	765	60	15	45
13. Education	1,115	345	765	60	15	45
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	570	310	265	10	0	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	135	115	15	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	440	190	250	10	0	15
Humanities	595	225	370	15	10	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	30	10	25	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	180	40	140	10	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	110	45	65	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	60	30	25	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	70	35	35	10	0	0
54. History	130	65	65	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	15	0	15	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,955	585	1,370	55	10	45
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	35	10	25	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	165	65	100	10	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	510	65	445	15	0	15
22. Legal professions and studies	235	55	180	0	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	40	10	35	0	0	10
42. Psychology	390	100	290	20	0	15
45. Social sciences	570	285	285	10	0	0
Business, management and public administration	3,485	1,205	2,280	90	25	60
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	10	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	590	140	445	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,885	1,060	1,825	90	25	65
Physical and life sciences and technologies	365	205	165	15	10	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	195	100	95	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	70	40	25	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	70	45	25	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	30	20	15	10	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	530	355	180	15	10	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	435	325	115	10	0	0
25. Library science	25	10	20	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	70	25	45	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,920	2,665	250	185	160	20
04. Architecture and related services	75	50	25	0	0	10
14. Engineering	320	255	65	10	10	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	770	690	75	35	25	15
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	595	550	40	80	75	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	670	650	25	45	45	0
48. Precision production	490	465	25	10	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	305	200	110	15	10	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	95	55	35	20	15	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	215	145	70	0	0	0
Health and related fields	3,415	590	2,820	135	20	115
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	230	110	120	10	0	10
51. Health professions and related programs	3,155	455	2,695	125	20	110
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	30	25	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,455	810	650	30	20	15
12. Personal and culinary services	645	190	450	15	10	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	20	20	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	510	335	175	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	275	255	20	10	10	0
Other	10	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	41,785	19,850	21,930	2,190	1,000	1,185
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	19,035	9,410	9,620	1,240	585	650
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	22,750	10,440	12,310	950	415	535
Location of study inside Canada	21,780	9,945	11,840	845	355	490
Same as province or territory of residence	20,690	9,435	11,255	635	290	345
Different than province or territory of residence	1,095	505	585	210	65	145
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	970	495	470	105	60	45
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	305	205	105	45	30	15
Philippines	30	0	30	20	0	15
India	80	35	45	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	210	115	90	10	0	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	15	10	10	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other	320	130	190	30	20	15
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	26,120	12,695	13,425	1,275	600	675
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	9,410	5,210	4,200	655	330	325
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	16,710	7,485	9,225	625	270	350
Location of study inside Canada	16,070	7,170	8,895	555	240	315
Same as province or territory of residence	15,320	6,820	8,495	435	205	230
Different than province or territory of residence	755	350	400	120	35	85
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	640	310	330	65	35	30
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	185	110	70	30	15	10
Philippines	30	0	25	25	10	10
India	65	25	40	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	110	55	50	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	15	10	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other	235	100	130	20	10	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	41,780	19,855	21,930	2,185	1,000	1,185
In the labour force	24,960	12,330	12,630	1,265	635	630
Employed	22,595	10,975	11,620	1,160	575	590
Unemployed	2,365	1,350	1,010	100	65	40
Not in the labour force	16,825	7,525	9,300	925	365	560
Participation rate	59.7	62.1	57.6	57.9	63.5	53.2
Employment rate	54.1	55.3	53.0	53.1	57.5	49.8
Unemployment rate	9.5	10.9	8.0	7.9	10.2	6.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	41,785	19,850	21,930	2,190	1,000	1,185
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	15,855	6,985	8,870	795	315	475
Worked	25,930	12,870	13,060	1,395	685	710
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	12,930	6,820	6,115	720	410	315
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	12,995	6,050	6,950	675	280	400
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.4	42.4	42.3	43.5	45.4	41.6
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	24,960	12,330	12,630	1,260	640	630
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	620	315	305	25	10	15
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	24,345	12,020	12,325	1,240	630	615
Employee	22,305	10,770	11,540	1,095	545	545
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	2,040	1,245	790	145	80	65
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	24,965	12,330	12,635	1,260	635	630
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	615	310	305	25	10	15
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	24,345	12,015	12,330	1,240	625	615
0 Management occupations	2,350	1,365	980	75	65	10
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	3,495	990	2,505	125	25	105
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,320	1,080	245	45	15	30
3 Health occupations	2,170	400	1,770	150	25	120
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	3,495	1,275	2,215	125	45	85
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	595	240	355	30	10	25
6 Sales and service occupations	6,770	2,830	3,940	300	115	190
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	3,240	3,050	195	240	225	15
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	400	335	60	45	45	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	515	455	60	95	65	35
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	24,960	12,325	12,635	1,265	635	625
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	615	315	305	20	10	10
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	24,345	12,015	12,330	1,240	625	610
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	130	85	50	50	40	10
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	475	360	115	25	25	0
22 Utilities	240	180	60	0	0	0
23 Construction	1,385	1,245	145	160	150	10
31-33 Manufacturing	1,090	905	185	140	90	45
41 Wholesale trade	535	400	130	40	30	15
44-45 Retail trade	3,625	1,595	2,025	135	50	80
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,155	930	225	50	45	10
51 Information and cultural industries	345	200	145	20	0	20
52 Finance and insurance	580	255	330	25	10	20
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	420	265	150	25	15	15
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,160	605	555	15	0	15
55 Management of companies and enterprises	15	10	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,240	705	540	35	35	0
61 Educational services	2,255	730	1,530	75	25	45
62 Health care and social assistance	3,905	765	3,145	215	35	180
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	510	265	245	25	15	10
72 Accommodation and food services	2,185	805	1,380	105	35	70
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,090	485	605	35	15	25
91 Public administration	2,000	1,230	765	50	20	25
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	22,595	10,975	11,620	1,160	570	590
Worked at home	1,065	530	535	75	30	45
Worked outside Canada	65	50	10	10	0	0
No fixed workplace address	2,215	1,560	660	160	135	25
Worked at usual place	19,245	8,830	10,415	925	405	520
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	19,250	8,835	10,415	925	405	520
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	16,950	7,565	9,380	620	255	360
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	585	270	315	105	35	75
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,520	825	695	195	110	85
Commute to a different province or territory	195	170	25	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	21,465	10,395	11,075	1,085	545	545
Car, truck, van - as a driver	16,275	7,965	8,305	910	480	430
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,745	730	1,015	30	15	10
Public transit	955	350	605	10	0	0
Walked	1,875	915	960	115	35	75
Bicycle	345	265	80	0	0	10
Other method	270	160	105	30	10	15
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	21,465	10,390	11,075	1,085	540	545
Less than 15 minutes	11,970	5,685	6,285	725	350	375
15 to 29 minutes	7,050	3,280	3,765	115	45	70
30 to 44 minutes	1,315	680	630	100	55	45
45 to 59 minutes	475	265	205	75	35	35
60 minutes and over	660	475	185	75	55	20
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	21,465	10,390	11,070	1,085	540	540
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	760	475	280	105	85	25
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,810	1,595	1,220	215	130	85
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	6,665	3,600	3,065	340	180	160
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	5,425	2,080	3,345	175	45	130
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	2,210	870	1,340	90	20	65
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	3,600	1,775	1,825	155	75	75
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	26,765	13,255	13,505	1,445	705	735
Single responses	26,230	13,075	13,155	1,430	705	725
Official languages	26,190	13,045	13,140	1,430	705	725
English	25,455	12,825	12,635	1,425	705	720
French	730	220	510	0	0	0
Non-official languages	45	30	15	10	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	45	30	15	0	0	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	35	20	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages	35	25	10	0	0	0
Cantonese	25	20	10	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	530	180	350	10	0	10
English and French	500	165	335	0	0	0
English and non-official language	20	15	10	10	0	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	26,765	13,260	13,505	1,440	705	735
None	23,640	11,975	11,670	1,395	695	705
English	445	130	320	0	0	0
French	2,535	1,075	1,455	10	0	10
Non-official language	125	70	50	30	0	25
Aboriginal	20	15	0	15	0	15
Non-Aboriginal	105	55	50	15	10	10
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	20	10	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	48,925	23,465	25,455	2,575	1,170	1,405
Non-movers	41,400	19,900	21,505	2,260	1,020	1,235
Movers	7,520	3,565	3,955	320	150	165
Non-migrants	5,040	2,395	2,645	135	80	55
Migrants	2,480	1,175	1,300	185	70	115
Internal migrants	2,335	1,100	1,235	180	70	110
Intraprovincial migrants	2,000	910	1,095	180	70	110
Interprovincial migrants	335	190	140	0	0	0
External migrants	140	75	70	0	0	10
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	47,020	22,410	24,605	2,450	1,125	1,325
Non-movers	28,550	13,685	14,860	1,475	675	805
Movers	18,470	8,725	9,745	970	450	520
Non-migrants	11,685	5,645	6,045	460	235	225
Migrants	6,785	3,080	3,705	515	215	295
Internal migrants	6,385	2,890	3,490	415	180	235
Intraprovincial migrants	5,640	2,510	3,130	290	130	160
Interprovincial migrants	740	375	365	125	50	75
External migrants	400	190	215	95	40	65

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. North Bay [Population centre], Ontario and Fort Macleod [Population centre], Alberta (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 4, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
North Bay [Population centre], Ontario and Fort Macleod [Population centre], Alberta

Census Profile, 2016 Census North Bay [Population centre], Ontario and Fort Macleod [Population centre], Alberta

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
North Bay [Population centre], Ontario and Fort Macleod [Population centre], Alberta