Census Profile, 2016 Census
Owen Sound [Population centre], Ontario and Boisbriand, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Owen Sound Ontario [Population centre]			Boisbriand, V Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Owen Sound [Population centre], Ontario Map : Owen Sound [Population centre], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Boisbriand, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	22,032	...	...	26,884	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	22,354 ^r	...	...	26,816	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-1.4	...	...	0.3	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	10,349	...	...	10,537	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	9,869	...	...	10,288	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,053.7	...	...	966.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	20.91	...	...	27.82	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	22,030	10,265	11,770	26,885	13,395	13,490
0 to 14 years	3,190	1,615	1,575	5,185	2,630	2,555
0 to 4 years	1,060	565	495	1,735	855	875
5 to 9 years	1,075	545	530	1,770	900	870
10 to 14 years	1,055	505	545	1,680	875	800
15 to 64 years	13,405	6,425	6,985	18,705	9,375	9,330
15 to 19 years	1,155	585	565	1,985	1,065	925
20 to 24 years	1,300	645	655	2,265	1,170	1,095
25 to 29 years	1,295	640	655	1,635	870	765
30 to 34 years	1,190	580	605	1,495	760	735
35 to 39 years	1,110	525	585	1,585	785	795
40 to 44 years	1,130	540	590	1,610	770	835
45 to 49 years	1,260	595	665	1,925	925	995
50 to 54 years	1,620	755	865	2,505	1,200	1,300
55 to 59 years	1,760	820	945	2,210	1,105	1,105
60 to 64 years	1,590	740	850	1,495	725	765
65 years and over	5,435	2,225	3,210	2,990	1,385	1,605
65 to 69 years	1,465	675	800	1,130	535	590
70 to 74 years	1,085	465	615	855	390	465
75 to 79 years	885	390	495	545	260	290
80 to 84 years	865	330	535	285	130	150
85 years and over	1,130	365	765	185	75	110
85 to 89 years	690	245	450	130	60	70
90 to 94 years	325	100	225	45	10	30
95 to 99 years	95	20	75	10	0	10
100 years and over	15	0	15	0	0	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.5	15.7	13.4	19.3	19.6	18.9
15 to 64 years	60.8	62.6	59.3	69.6	70.0	69.2
65 years and over	24.7	21.7	27.3	11.1	10.3	11.9
85 years and over	5.1	3.6	6.5	0.7	0.6	0.8
Average age of the population	45.5	43.4	47.3	37.5	36.8	38.2
Median age of the population	47.6	45.0	49.9	37.7	36.2	39.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	9,870	...	...	10,290	...	...
Single-detached house	5,240	...	...	5,235	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	765	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	3,830	...	...	5,050	...	...
Semi-detached house	430	...	...	615	...	...
Row house	665	...	...	725	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	255	...	...	130	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,460	...	...	3,575	...	...
Other single-attached house	20	...	...	5	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	35	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	9,865	...	...	10,285	...	...
1 person	3,615	...	...	2,485	...	...
2 persons	3,540	...	...	3,445	...	...
3 persons	1,240	...	...	1,805	...	...
4 persons	955	...	...	1,645	...	...
5 or more persons	515	...	...	900	...	...
Number of persons in private households	21,015	...	...	26,830	...	...
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	18,840	8,650	10,190	21,700	10,760	10,940
Married or living common law	9,965	4,950	5,015	12,380	6,170	6,210
Married	7,865	3,910	3,955	7,230	3,615	3,615
Living common law	2,100	1,040	1,055	5,155	2,560	2,595
Not married and not living common law	8,880	3,695	5,185	9,320	4,590	4,730
Never married	4,765	2,530	2,235	6,860	3,740	3,120
Separated	690	275	415	315	150	165
Divorced	1,565	545	1,025	1,425	520	905
Widowed	1,855	345	1,510	720	180	540
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	6,050	...	...	7,605	...	...
2 persons	3,590	...	...	3,450	...	...
3 persons	1,180	...	...	1,780	...	...
4 persons	880	...	...	1,605	...	...
5 or more persons	400	...	...	770	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	6,050	...	...	7,600	...	...
Total couple families	4,830	...	...	6,150	...	...
Married couples	3,775	...	...	3,575	...	...
Common-law couples	1,045	...	...	2,575	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,225	...	...	1,450	...	...
Female parent	1,010	...	...	1,055	...	...
Male parent	220	...	...	400	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	4,825	...	...	6,150	...	...
Couples without children	2,810	...	...	2,565	...	...
Couples with children	2,020	...	...	3,585	...	...
1 child	855	...	...	1,315	...	...
2 children	790	...	...	1,520	...	...
3 or more children	380	...	...	750	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,225	...	...	1,455	...	...
1 child	780	...	...	885	...	...
2 children	325	...	...	460	...	...
3 or more children	120	...	...	110	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	4,650	1,985	2,660	3,505	1,760	1,750
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	9,870	...	...	10,290	...	...
One-census-family households	5,830	...	...	7,415	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	2,725	...	...	2,495	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	3,105	...	...	4,915	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	110	...	...	90	...	...
Non-census-family households	3,930	...	...	2,780	...	...
One-person households	3,615	...	...	2,480	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	310	...	...	295	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	21,495	10,060	11,435	26,855	13,380	13,475
English only	20,030	9,435	10,600	1,815	990	830
French only	5	5	5	10,860	4,890	5,965
English and French	1,415	600	815	13,585	7,180	6,405
Neither English nor French	45	25	20	600	320	280
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	21,495	10,060	11,435	26,855	13,380	13,475
English	21,250	9,940	11,310	2,880	1,550	1,330
French	185	90	100	22,765	11,245	11,525
English and French	15	10	10	620	275	345
Neither English nor French	45	20	20	595	315	280
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	195	90	105	3,190	1,685	1,500
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.9	0.9	0.9	11.9	12.6	11.1
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	21,495	10,060	11,435	26,860	13,380	13,480
Single responses	21,385	10,010	11,375	26,265	13,105	13,165
Official languages	20,560	9,640	10,920	22,320	11,100	11,220
English	20,360	9,550	10,815	1,035	560	480
French	200	90	110	21,285	10,545	10,740
Non-official languages	825	370	455	3,945	2,000	1,945
Aboriginal languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	5	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	825	370	450	3,945	2,000	1,945
Afro-Asiatic languages	55	30	25	365	190	175
Berber languages	0	0	0	30	20	10
Kabyle	0	0	0	10	5	5
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Cushitic languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	50	30	20	335	175	160
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	40	25	15	280	145	130
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	5	0	55	25	30
Maltese	0	0	5	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	5	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	10	5	100	45	55
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	90	45	45
Vietnamese	15	10	5	15	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	40	10	30	5	0	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	5	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	30	10	25	5	0	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	70	30	45
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	10	0	5
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	65	30	35
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	15	5	5	0	0	0
Tamil	5	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	540	250	290	3,095	1,595	1,500
Albanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	50	30	20
Balto-Slavic languages	100	40	55	90	45	50
Baltic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Latvian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	90	40	50	90	40	45
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	25	10	10
Croatian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Czech	10	5	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Polish	30	10	15	25	15	10
Russian	10	0	5	30	5	20
Serbian	5	0	5	5	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	10	0	5	5	5	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	5	15	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	5	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages	280	125	150	2,005	1,035	970
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dutch	115	50	70	10	5	5
Frisian	0	5	0	0	0	0
German	150	70	85	15	10	5
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	0	5	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	1,975	1,025	950
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Greek	15	10	5	95	60	40
Indo-Iranian languages	75	40	35	55	30	25
Indo-Aryan languages	65	35	35	5	5	5
Bengali	5	5	5	0	0	5
Gujarati	20	10	10	0	0	0
Hindi	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	5	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sindhi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	5	5	5	5	0	0
Iranian languages	5	5	0	50	30	20
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Pashto	0	0	0	10	5	5
Persian (Farsi)	10	5	0	30	20	15
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	65	25	35	800	400	400
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	5	5	180	105	75
Portuguese	10	5	5	145	70	80
Romanian	10	5	5	75	35	40
Spanish	30	10	15	395	185	205
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Japanese	10	5	10	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	50	15	35	5	5	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	5	30	15	20
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	15	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	5	5	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	45	25	20	25	15	15
Chinese languages	45	25	25	25	15	20
Cantonese	20	10	15	0	0	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	20	10	10	20	5	15
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	5	0	5	0	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	210	95	115
Lao	0	0	0	200	95	110
Thai	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	25	5	15
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	20	5	15
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	40	20	25	10	10	0
Estonian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Finnish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	30	15	15	10	5	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	115	50	60	590	280	315
English and French	45	20	25	260	120	140
English and non-official language	65	30	35	125	55	70
French and non-official language	0	0	0	180	85	90
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	30	15	20
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	21,495	10,060	11,435	26,855	13,380	13,480
Single responses	21,335	9,995	11,345	25,985	12,965	13,020
Official languages	21,065	9,875	11,195	23,175	11,530	11,650
English	21,000	9,845	11,155	1,225	645	575
French	70	30	35	21,950	10,880	11,070
Non-official languages	270	120	150	2,810	1,430	1,375
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	270	120	150	2,810	1,435	1,375
Afro-Asiatic languages	35	20	15	165	85	80
Berber languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Kabyle	0	0	0	5	5	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Cushitic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages	35	20	10	155	80	75
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	25	15	10	100	55	45
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	5	0	60	25	30
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	10	5	45	20	25
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	45	25	25
Vietnamese	10	5	5	5	5	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	5	15	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	10	5	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	0	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	95	45	50	2,400	1,240	1,165
Albanian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	30	20	10
Balto-Slavic languages	15	10	10	55	25	30
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	20	10	10	50	25	25
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	5	0	15	5	5
Russian	0	5	0	20	5	10
Serbian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	5	0	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	20	10	10	1,935	1,010	930
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	5	5	5	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	10	5	10	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	1,940	1,005	925
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	5	5	20	15	10
Indo-Iranian languages	30	15	20	35	20	15
Indo-Aryan languages	35	15	15	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	20	10	5	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	5	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sindhi	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	5	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	30	20	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	5
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	25	15	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	5	10	320	150	170
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Portuguese	5	5	5	30	10	15
Romanian	0	0	0	60	30	30
Spanish	5	5	5	215	100	115
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	40	15	30	5	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	0	5	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	0	5	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	40	20	15	20	5	10
Chinese languages	40	20	20	20	10	10
Cantonese	25	10	10	5	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	5	5	10	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	5	0	5	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	135	65	70
Lao	0	0	0	135	65	70
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	5	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	15	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Finnish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	5	10	5	5	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	155	65	90	870	420	455
English and French	15	5	5	290	140	150
English and non-official language	140	60	80	160	75	80
French and non-official language	0	0	0	365	170	190
English, French and non-official language	5	5	5	65	35	30
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	21,495	10,065	11,435	26,855	13,385	13,480
None	20,835	9,780	11,055	23,055	11,435	11,615
English	135	60	80	2,110	1,100	1,005
French	245	95	150	715	350	365
Non-official language	260	120	145	770	375	395
Aboriginal	5	5	5	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	255	115	135	770	375	390
English and French	0	0	0	55	30	25
English and non-official language	0	0	0	125	65	60
French and non-official language	10	5	5	30	15	15
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	17,840	8,300	9,540	21,640	10,745	10,900
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	17,310	8,040	9,265	20,625	10,210	10,410
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,074	33,864	25,618	36,584	41,788	31,896
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	17,320	8,045	9,275	20,635	10,215	10,420
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,057	30,935	24,226	32,100	35,999	28,542
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	14,975	7,030	7,940	18,995	9,630	9,365
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,228	32,768	21,124	32,603	39,185	26,464
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	13,545	5,895	7,650	14,925	6,740	8,180
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,819	8,340	9,440	4,950	3,552	6,450
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	11,670	5,780	5,885	16,580	8,600	7,980
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,533	32,192	23,729	32,999	38,458	27,951
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	17,820	8,275	9,540	21,645	10,745	10,900
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	17,280	8,000	9,285	20,605	10,145	10,460
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,382	44,030	33,515	44,434	50,807	38,251
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	17,295	8,000	9,295	20,620	10,145	10,475
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,167	37,401	29,520	36,347	40,603	32,224
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	14,895	6,995	7,895	19,105	9,650	9,455
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,042	42,916	29,950	41,716	48,857	34,429
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	13,565	5,895	7,670	14,990	6,795	8,200
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,325	8,795	9,733	7,909	6,489	9,087
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	11,645	5,730	5,910	16,580	8,580	7,995
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,126	41,388	31,022	41,047	46,216	35,501
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	17,815	8,275	9,540	21,645	10,740	10,900
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	5,165	2,710	2,460	7,365	4,090	3,270
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	46,286	50,358	42,484	50,626	57,245	43,454
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	54,146	59,699	48,026	58,194	64,602	50,180
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	81.0	85.3	76.2	87.0	91.6	81.1
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	62.5	66.3	58.2	74.6	77.5	70.6
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	19.0	14.7	23.8	12.9	8.5	18.9
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	17,840	8,300	9,540	21,645	10,745	10,900
Without total income	530	255	275	1,020	530	490
With total income	17,305	8,045	9,265	20,625	10,215	10,415
Percentage with total income	97.0	96.9	97.1	95.3	95.1	95.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,040	915	1,125	2,460	1,105	1,355
$10,000 to $19,999	3,790	1,460	2,330	3,400	1,340	2,060
$20,000 to $29,999	3,045	1,200	1,850	2,715	1,200	1,515
$30,000 to $39,999	2,365	1,090	1,270	2,660	1,240	1,425
$40,000 to $49,999	1,840	915	925	2,370	1,150	1,225
$50,000 to $59,999	1,250	700	555	1,845	910	935
$60,000 to $69,999	905	530	375	1,360	765	595
$70,000 to $79,999	590	335	250	1,115	620	495
$80,000 to $89,999	395	205	190	850	525	325
$90,000 to $99,999	345	185	160	505	355	155
$100,000 and over	740	505	230	1,345	1,005	340
$100,000 to $149,999	510	335	175	970	715	255
$150,000 and over	230	170	55	375	290	85
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	17,840	8,300	9,545	21,645	10,745	10,900
Without after-tax income	525	255	265	1,010	530	480
With after-tax income	17,315	8,045	9,270	20,635	10,215	10,425
Percentage with after-tax income	97.1	96.9	97.1	95.3	95.1	95.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,120	930	1,185	2,575	1,125	1,455
$10,000 to $19,999	3,920	1,500	2,420	3,550	1,420	2,130
$20,000 to $29,999	3,545	1,465	2,080	3,440	1,570	1,865
$30,000 to $39,999	2,675	1,275	1,405	3,420	1,650	1,765
$40,000 to $49,999	1,910	1,010	895	2,670	1,370	1,300
$50,000 to $59,999	1,180	685	500	1,855	1,010	840
$60,000 to $69,999	685	385	300	1,320	780	540
$70,000 to $79,999	500	260	235	705	460	245
$80,000 and over	785	535	245	1,100	825	275
$80,000 to $89,999	280	165	115	370	265	105
$90,000 to $99,999	155	110	50	245	190	55
$100,000 and over	350	265	90	490	375	115
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	17,840	8,295	9,540	21,640	10,745	10,900
Without employment income	6,170	2,515	3,655	5,065	2,145	2,925
With employment income	11,670	5,780	5,890	16,580	8,600	7,980
Percentage with employment income	65.4	69.7	61.7	76.6	80.0	73.2
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,980	975	1,015	1,915	1,050	860
$5,000 to $9,999	1,050	435	615	1,375	585	785
$10,000 to $19,999	1,705	710	995	2,545	1,120	1,420
$20,000 to $29,999	1,480	625	855	1,910	820	1,090
$30,000 to $39,999	1,390	655	730	1,835	850	985
$40,000 to $49,999	1,175	625	545	1,575	770	810
$50,000 to $59,999	825	495	335	1,305	690	610
$60,000 to $69,999	600	365	240	1,035	625	410
$70,000 to $79,999	370	220	155	970	540	430
$80,000 and over	1,095	685	400	2,120	1,550	565
$80,000 to $89,999	270	140	130	640	430	210
$90,000 to $99,999	295	150	145	435	315	115
$100,000 and over	530	400	130	1,045	810	240
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	9,870	...	...	10,290	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	51,831	...	...	74,762	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	47,464	...	...	63,817	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	3,620	...	...	2,480	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,381	...	...	39,189	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	25,643	...	...	33,376	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	6,250	...	...	7,805	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	69,667	...	...	89,662	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	62,948	...	...	75,989	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	9,860	...	...	10,290	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	67,269	...	...	88,989	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	58,176	...	...	72,851	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	3,625	...	...	2,485	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,819	...	...	43,648	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,371	...	...	35,915	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	6,235	...	...	7,800	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	85,557	...	...	103,447	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	73,763	...	...	84,629	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	9,870	...	...	10,285	...	...
Under $5,000	105	...	...	65	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	130	...	...	75	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	465	...	...	145	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	655	...	...	290	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	665	...	...	355	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	565	...	...	330	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	615	...	...	375	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	545	...	...	465	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	535	...	...	465	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	460	...	...	455	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	900	...	...	955	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	795	...	...	805	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	635	...	...	755	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	530	...	...	670	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	430	...	...	590	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,840	...	...	3,495	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	725	...	...	1,255	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	440	...	...	800	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	420	...	...	895	...	...
$200,000 and over	255	...	...	545	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	9,870	...	...	10,290	...	...
Under $5,000	100	...	...	70	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	130	...	...	80	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	475	...	...	150	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	665	...	...	295	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	755	...	...	430	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	640	...	...	430	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	655	...	...	505	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	605	...	...	570	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	610	...	...	595	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	590	...	...	575	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,010	...	...	1,060	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	800	...	...	980	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	645	...	...	855	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	510	...	...	730	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	370	...	...	620	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,300	...	...	2,345	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	640	...	...	1,135	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	305	...	...	605	...	...
$150,000 and over	350	...	...	595	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	6,010	...	...	7,605	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	69,622	...	...	89,799	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	62,860	...	...	76,067	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	2,675	...	...	2,450	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	66,176	...	...	76,197	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	59,915	...	...	64,185	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	2,045	...	...	3,600	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	95,008	...	...	116,775	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	84,224	...	...	97,099	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,165	...	...	1,400	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	43,563	...	...	60,896	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	41,376	...	...	53,152	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	6,005	...	...	7,600	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	85,795	...	...	103,588	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	73,853	...	...	84,682	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	2,670	...	...	2,440	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	77,394	...	...	88,582	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	66,854	...	...	71,962	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	2,020	...	...	3,640	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	116,944	...	...	126,567	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,669	...	...	103,287	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,180	...	...	1,405	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,675	...	...	72,193	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,913	...	...	60,084	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	4,345	1,855	2,485	3,060	1,560	1,500
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	26,021	26,450	25,768	36,791	40,256	32,491
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	24,538	24,794	24,398	31,776	34,409	28,966
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	4,305	1,865	2,445	3,055	1,455	1,595
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	34,405	35,482	33,583	42,027	44,704	39,590
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	30,234	30,838	29,773	34,706	36,134	33,406
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	21,015	9,910	11,110	26,830	13,380	13,455
In the bottom half of the distribution	12,960	5,965	7,000	13,755	6,665	7,095
In the bottom decile	2,630	1,205	1,430	1,335	645	690
In the second decile	3,055	1,280	1,775	2,385	1,080	1,300
In the third decile	2,750	1,265	1,480	3,750	1,805	1,950
In the fourth decile	2,350	1,130	1,225	3,235	1,620	1,620
In the fifth decile	2,175	1,085	1,090	3,050	1,510	1,540
In the top half of the distribution	8,055	3,945	4,110	13,075	6,715	6,360
In the sixth decile	1,995	970	1,025	2,920	1,495	1,425
In the seventh decile	1,800	875	930	2,960	1,485	1,470
In the eighth decile	1,640	790	845	2,965	1,550	1,415
In the ninth decile	1,500	725	770	2,445	1,250	1,195
In the top decile	1,110	575	535	1,790	935	855
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	21,015	9,910	11,105	26,830	13,380	13,455
0 to 17 years	3,845	1,940	1,900	6,315	3,255	3,055
0 to 5 years	1,275	685	590	2,105	1,060	1,040
18 to 64 years	12,580	5,990	6,595	17,570	8,750	8,825
65 years and over	4,590	1,980	2,610	2,950	1,375	1,570
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	4,150	1,775	2,375	2,385	1,095	1,290
0 to 17 years	930	435	490	615	325	290
0 to 5 years	365	180	185	250	125	125
18 to 64 years	2,515	1,110	1,400	1,400	650	750
65 years and over	705	230	480	365	115	245
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	19.7	17.9	21.4	8.9	8.2	9.6
0 to 17 years (%)	24.2	22.4	25.8	9.7	10.0	9.5
0 to 5 years (%)	28.6	26.3	31.4	11.9	11.8	12.0
18 to 64 years (%)	20.0	18.5	21.2	8.0	7.4	8.5
65 years and over (%)	15.4	11.6	18.4	12.4	8.4	15.6
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	1,540	735	800	1,670	785	880
0 to 17 years	270	130	140	375	200	180
0 to 5 years	95	50	50	140	75	65
18 to 64 years	1,200	580	620	1,075	525	550
65 years and over	65	25	40	220	65	155
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	7.3	7.4	7.2	6.2	5.9	6.5
0 to 17 years (%)	7.0	6.7	7.4	5.9	6.1	5.9
0 to 5 years (%)	7.5	7.3	8.5	6.7	7.1	6.3
18 to 64 years (%)	9.5	9.7	9.4	6.1	6.0	6.2
65 years and over (%)	1.4	1.3	1.5	7.5	4.7	9.9
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	21,005	9,885	11,120	26,830	13,375	13,455
Official languages	20,980	9,870	11,110	26,280	13,110	13,170
English	20,975	9,865	11,105	15,420	8,125	7,295
French	1,485	595	890	24,420	12,050	12,370
Non-official languages	1,310	620	695	5,610	2,755	2,855
Aboriginal languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	20	10	15	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,295	615	685	5,610	2,760	2,855
Afro-Asiatic languages	100	60	40	670	340	330
Berber languages	0	0	0	30	0	20
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	10	25
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	95	60	35	650	335	315
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	80	50	30	495	230	265
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	15	10	10	150	105	45
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	20	10	160	85	80
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	140	70	65
Vietnamese	30	20	10	35	15	20
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	50	20	30	10	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	15	10	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	35	10	30	10	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	190	55	135
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	195	55	135
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	45	20	25	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	45	20	25	0	0	0
Tamil	20	0	10	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	820	405	420	4,325	2,195	2,135
Albanian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Armenian	10	0	0	80	30	50
Balto-Slavic languages	80	45	35	65	25	35
Baltic languages	10	0	10	0	10	0
Latvian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slavic languages	70	40	30	55	20	35
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Croatian	0	10	10	0	0	10
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	25	0	15	0	0	0
Polish	20	10	10	0	0	10
Russian	15	10	0	40	15	25
Serbian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	345	165	185	2,320	1,240	1,080
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	130	65	65	0	0	0
Frisian	10	0	0	0	0	0
German	220	95	125	70	50	25
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	2,240	1,185	1,050
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	35	15	20	195	115	80
Indo-Iranian languages	105	50	60	75	50	25
Indo-Aryan languages	90	40	50	30	15	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	45	25	20	0	0	10
Hindi	60	30	35	20	10	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	10	10	0
Nepali	15	0	10	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	25	10	10	15	10	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	10	0	0	10	0	0
Iranian languages	20	0	10	55	45	15
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	15	10	0
Persian (Farsi)	20	10	10	45	30	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	225	115	110	1,655	755	900
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	20	10	15	360	195	155
Portuguese	20	15	10	165	75	85
Romanian	10	0	10	95	45	55
Spanish	175	95	80	1,115	490	630
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	15	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	65	25	30	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	30	20	10	75	40	35
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	10	0	10	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	10	10	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Shona	10	10	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	10	0	10	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	45	25	15
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	10	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	25	10	20	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	110	50	65	55	20	35
Chinese languages	110	50	60	55	20	35
Cantonese	65	25	35	15	10	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	65	35	35	50	20	35
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	10	260	130	135
Lao	10	0	0	245	125	120
Thai	10	0	0	40	15	25
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	30	15	20
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	30	15	20
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	35	10	30	15	10	0
Estonian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	25	10	15	10	0	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	10
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	21,005	9,890	11,120	26,830	13,375	13,455
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	20,715	9,790	10,930	26,325	13,100	13,220
Canadian citizens aged under 18	3,845	1,910	1,935	6,280	3,285	2,995
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	16,870	7,875	8,995	20,045	9,820	10,230
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	290	100	190	505	275	230
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	21,010	9,890	11,120	26,830	13,375	13,455
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	19,465	9,160	10,305	24,495	12,220	12,275
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	1,510	715	790	2,245	1,100	1,140
Before 1981	865	410	450	615	295	315
1981 to 1990	160	95	65	410	200	210
1991 to 2000	130	65	65	480	240	235
2001 to 2010	270	120	145	555	275	275
2001 to 2005	145	75	70	240	130	115
2006 to 2010	125	50	80	315	150	165
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	85	20	60	195	90	100
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	35	10	25	90	50	35
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	1,510	715	795	2,245	1,100	1,140
Under 5 years	195	105	90	270	110	160
5 to 14 years	295	160	135	465	200	275
15 to 24 years	355	155	200	650	375	280
25 to 44 years	585	270	310	785	405	380
45 years and over	80	25	55	70	15	55
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	1,505	715	790	2,245	1,105	1,140
Americas	180	90	90	745	405	340
Brazil	0	0	0	10	0	0
Colombia	0	10	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	45	10	30
Guyana	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	130	45	90
Jamaica	25	15	10	10	0	10
Mexico	0	0	0	45	25	20
Peru	0	0	0	50	30	20
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	110	55	60	315	220	100
Other places of birth in Americas	30	10	25	140	75	70
Europe	870	430	440	580	300	275
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	10	0	0	10	0	0
France	10	0	10	160	80	75
Germany	85	45	40	20	15	10
Greece	25	10	15	40	15	20
Hungary	10	0	0	15	10	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	15	0	20	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	60	35	20
Netherlands	100	55	45	0	0	0
Poland	15	0	10	10	0	0
Portugal	10	10	0	65	30	35
Romania	20	0	10	80	45	35
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	0	0	10	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	460	225	240	55	35	15
Other places of birth in Europe	105	45	60	75	30	40
Africa	95	45	50	310	125	185
Algeria	0	0	0	75	40	40
Egypt	0	0	0	15	0	10
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	125	45	75
Nigeria	10	0	10	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	75	35	45	95	35	60
Asia	340	150	190	615	275	335
Afghanistan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	45	20	25	60	0	50
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	15	10	10	0	0	0
India	100	45	55	10	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	10	10	15	10	0
Iraq	10	10	10	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	45	20	25	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	10	0	110	60	55
Pakistan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Philippines	45	10	35	10	0	10
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	40	15	25
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	10	10
Viet Nam	35	20	15	20	10	10
Other places of birth in Asia	25	10	15	330	160	175
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	20	10	15	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	80	20	60	190	95	100
Americas	10	0	10	90	50	40
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	45	10	35
Jamaica	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	10	0	0	40	35	10
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	10	0	0
Europe	15	10	0	25	15	10
France	0	0	0	20	10	10
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	15	10	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	15	0	10	25	0	20
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	10	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	10
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	15	0	15
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	50	10	35	55	25	25
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	15	10	15	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	10	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	25	15	10
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	10	0	10	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	25	10	10
Taiwan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	21,010	9,890	11,120	26,830	13,380	13,450
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	1,585	750	835	2,415	1,195	1,225
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	2,440	1,135	1,305	4,000	2,000	1,995
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	16,985	8,005	8,980	20,415	10,185	10,235
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	675	320	355	1,710	845	865
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	330	165	160	670	335	335
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	125	85	40	305	215	85
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	200	80	120	365	115	250
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	255	115	140	610	315	295
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	70	25	45	415	195	215
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	20	10	10	15	10	10
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	21,005	9,890	11,120	26,830	13,380	13,455
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	890	445	445	295	130	160
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	855	430	425	270	125	150
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	485	250	240	90	45	45
Métis	370	180	190	175	75	100
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	20	0	15	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	15	10	0	25	0	15
Non-Aboriginal identity	20,120	9,445	10,675	26,535	13,245	13,290
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	21,010	9,885	11,120	26,830	13,375	13,455
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	330	160	170	65	35	30
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	20,680	9,725	10,955	26,765	13,345	13,420
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	21,005	9,890	11,120	26,830	13,380	13,450
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	160	90	70	165	100	65
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	160	90	70	155	90	65
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	125	70	55	115	70	45
Métis single ancestry	25	0	20	40	20	20
Inuit single ancestry	10	10	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	10	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	1,105	535	570	780	350	430
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	1,085	525	560	775	345	420
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	650	310	345	625	290	335
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	400	200	200	150	60	90
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	35	15	15	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	20	10	10	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	19,740	9,260	10,480	25,885	12,935	12,955
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	21,005	9,890	11,120	26,830	13,375	13,455
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	840	380	460	2,035	935	1,095
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	150	85	70	70	30	40
Chinese	105	50	60	80	15	65
Black	200	65	140	505	195	310
Filipino	55	10	50	10	10	10
Latin American	25	10	10	390	195	195
Arab	80	45	30	420	210	210
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	50	40	10	460	240	220
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	20	15	10	35	30	10
Korean	65	35	30	0	0	0
Japanese	30	10	20	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	30	10	15	15	0	10
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	30	0	20	50	20	35
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	20,170	9,510	10,660	24,795	12,440	12,355
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	21,010	9,885	11,120	26,830	13,375	13,455
North American Aboriginal origins	1,270	625	645	945	445	500
First Nations (North American Indian)	795	395	400	755	365	390
Inuit	45	25	20	10	0	0
Métis	445	215	230	205	90	115
Other North American origins	7,765	3,540	4,230	16,825	8,340	8,485
Acadian	15	10	10	130	75	55
American	180	80	105	275	140	135
Canadian	7,630	3,465	4,170	15,980	7,885	8,100
New Brunswicker	0	10	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	30	20	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ontarian	10	10	0	10	0	10
Québécois	0	10	0	720	400	320
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	16,195	7,620	8,570	11,520	5,835	5,680
British Isles origins	13,735	6,430	7,310	2,130	1,075	1,060
Channel Islander	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cornish	10	0	0	0	0	0
English	8,525	4,035	4,495	680	345	335
Irish	5,925	2,645	3,280	1,230	610	625
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	7,035	3,280	3,750	455	230	225
Welsh	460	190	265	10	0	10
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	535	185	345	60	25	30
French origins	1,890	775	1,115	6,240	3,120	3,115
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	40	20	20
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	1,895	780	1,115	6,210	3,110	3,100
Western European origins (except French origins)	4,815	2,315	2,500	885	460	425
Austrian	110	45	65	155	65	90
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	85	30	55	135	75	60
Dutch	1,210	575	635	45	20	30
Flemish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Frisian	10	10	0	0	0	0
German	3,665	1,765	1,910	525	275	250
Luxembourger	0	0	0	10	10	0
Swiss	110	50	55	50	30	20
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	390	200	190	25	10	15
Danish	85	50	35	0	0	10
Finnish	75	25	45	0	0	0
Icelandic	20	10	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	115	65	50	10	0	0
Swedish	150	80	70	15	10	10
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	1,335	635	700	1,525	755	770
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	55	30	30	25	10	10
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	25	10	20	35	15	25
Estonian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Hungarian	250	120	135	940	460	480
Latvian	25	20	10	10	0	0
Lithuanian	10	0	10	20	10	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	555	280	275	415	205	210
Romanian	65	45	20	330	175	150
Russian	185	105	85	100	45	50
Slovak	30	10	20	15	0	0
Ukrainian	325	160	165	135	60	80
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	850	420	430	2,090	1,095	1,000
Albanian	50	20	20	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Croatian	45	25	20	10	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	65	30	30	295	180	115
Italian	435	220	220	1,270	640	635
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Maltese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	80	30	45	295	140	155
Serbian	10	10	0	20	15	0
Sicilian	10	0	0	10	0	10
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	135	65	70	245	135	115
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	10	0	10	10	0	10
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	140	65	75	925	495	425
Basque	0	0	0	30	20	15
Jewish	95	45	50	825	450	380
Roma (Gypsy)	25	20	10	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	25	0	25	65	35	35
Caribbean origins	150	60	95	405	150	255
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	10	0	0
Dominican	0	0	10	15	10	10
Grenadian	10	0	10	0	10	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	315	110	200
Jamaican	80	40	35	30	15	20
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	20	0	10	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	15	0	10	0	0	10
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	25	0	20	30	10	20
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	10	0	0	10	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	110	65	45	525	260	270
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	45	25	15
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	10	10	0	10	0	10
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	85	55	35
Colombian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	35	20	15
Guatemalan	0	0	0	35	20	20
Guyanese	10	10	0	10	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	10	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	40	25	20	90	40	50
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	20	10	10
Panamanian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Paraguayan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Peruvian	10	0	0	95	50	45
Salvadorean	10	0	0	110	45	65
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	40	15	30
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	25	0	20	10	10	0
African origins	270	90	175	710	320	385
Central and West African origins	15	10	10	115	50	60
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	15	0	10
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	15	10	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	35	25	10
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	15	0	10
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	25	10	15
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	15	0	10
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	55	25	20	495	225	270
Algerian	0	0	0	120	60	55
Berber	0	0	0	40	25	20
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	10	70	35	30
Libyan	35	25	10	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	15	10	10	220	85	140
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	50	20	25
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	20	15	0	35	10	25
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	10	0	15
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	15	0	15
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Other African origins	180	40	140	75	35	35
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	40	10	30	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	140	30	115	75	40	35
Asian origins	640	310	330	1,360	680	680
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	105	60	45	720	360	360
Afghan	0	0	0	15	0	10
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	60	40	25	65	25	35
Armenian	15	10	0	85	40	45
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	15	10	10	45	35	10
Iraqi	15	10	10	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	125	70	55
Jordanian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	25	10	15
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	240	110	130
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Pashtun	0	0	0	15	10	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	115	50	70
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	40	25	10
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	190	95	95	25	15	10
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	180	90	85	20	15	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	10	0	10	15	10	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	335	150	185	595	290	305
Burmese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	170	90	80
Chinese	145	60	85	160	60	100
Filipino	55	10	45	20	0	10
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	25	10	20	10	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	60	30	30	0	0	0
Laotian	25	10	10	295	160	135
Malaysian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	10	0	65	25	40
Tibetan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	40	30	10	70	30	40
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	20	10	15	35	25	10
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	20	0	10	35	25	15
Oceania origins	25	15	10	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	20	10	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	20	10	10	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	9,860	...	...	10,290	...	...
Owner	5,740	...	...	7,015	...	...
Renter	4,120	...	...	3,270	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	9,860	...	...	10,285	...	...
Condominium	475	...	...	1,265	...	...
Not condominium	9,385	...	...	9,020	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	9,860	...	...	10,290	...	...
No bedrooms	25	...	...	20	...	...
1 bedroom	1,815	...	...	665	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,465	...	...	3,105	...	...
3 bedrooms	3,465	...	...	4,035	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,095	...	...	2,465	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	9,860	...	...	10,285	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	2,880	...	...	2,565	...	...
5 rooms	1,375	...	...	1,725	...	...
6 rooms	1,410	...	...	1,320	...	...
7 rooms	1,380	...	...	1,475	...	...
8 or more rooms	2,815	...	...	3,200	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	6.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	9,860	...	...	10,290	...	...
One person or fewer per room	9,830	...	...	10,085	...	...
More than 1 person per room	35	...	...	200	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	9,860	...	...	10,290	...	...
Suitable	9,610	...	...	9,885	...	...
Not suitable	250	...	...	400	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	9,860	...	...	10,290	...	...
1960 or before	4,465	...	...	590	...	...
1961 to 1980	2,750	...	...	3,415	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,370	...	...	2,775	...	...
1991 to 2000	645	...	...	2,385	...	...
2001 to 2005	225	...	...	370	...	...
2006 to 2010	210	...	...	375	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	195	...	...	375	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	9,860	...	...	10,285	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	9,100	...	...	9,675	...	...
Major repairs needed	760	...	...	615	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	9,860	...	...	10,285	...	...
1 household maintainer	6,475	...	...	5,835	...	...
2 household maintainers	3,245	...	...	4,335	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	145	...	...	115	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	9,860	...	...	10,290	...	...
15 to 24 years	345	...	...	295	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,280	...	...	1,445	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,325	...	...	1,695	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,745	...	...	2,660	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,985	...	...	2,275	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,585	...	...	1,265	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,085	...	...	575	...	...
85 years and over	510	...	...	90	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	9,855	...	...	10,280	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	6,950	...	...	8,605	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	2,905	...	...	1,675	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,680	...	...	1,545	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	5,740	...	...	7,010	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	57.1	...	...	65.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	15.4	...	...	11.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	992	...	...	1,169	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,077	...	...	1,186	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	224,780	...	...	286,423	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	248,721	...	...	306,079	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,120	...	...	3,275	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	23.8	...	...	5.8	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	49.2	...	...	27.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	820	...	...	773	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	841	...	...	815	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	17,815	8,275	9,540	21,640	10,745	10,900
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,855	1,885	1,970	4,005	2,305	1,700
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	5,605	2,645	2,955	5,555	2,625	2,925
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	8,355	3,745	4,610	12,085	5,815	6,270
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,235	825	410	3,715	2,295	1,420
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	530	305	220	2,670	1,455	1,220
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	705	515	190	1,045	840	205
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,295	1,635	2,660	4,230	1,760	2,470
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	290	115	170	830	300	530
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	2,540	1,170	1,370	3,315	1,460	1,850
Bachelor's degree	1,610	705	905	2,445	1,070	1,375
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	225	110	110	290	105	190
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	130	80	50	50	25	25
Master's degree	535	250	285	460	240	220
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	40	15	25	60	25	35
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	10,810	5,150	5,660	14,415	7,055	7,360
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,550	895	660	1,735	1,010	725
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	3,300	1,655	1,645	3,265	1,565	1,695
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,950	2,600	3,355	9,415	4,480	4,935
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	765	510	255	2,835	1,685	1,150
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	360	220	130	2,010	1,020	980
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	410	285	125	830	660	170
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	3,205	1,250	1,960	3,110	1,315	1,795
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	125	60	60	645	240	405
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,855	780	1,075	2,825	1,240	1,580
Bachelor's degree	1,190	495	690	2,090	930	1,160
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	165	75	90	240	80	160
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	100	50	50	50	25	30
Master's degree	380	155	220	390	180	205
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	20	10	15	50	30	25
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	17,820	8,280	9,540	21,640	10,740	10,900
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	9,460	4,530	4,930	9,560	4,930	4,630
Education	515	160	360	945	190	750
13. Education	520	160	355	940	190	755
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	295	130	160	440	180	260
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	30	30	0	100	55	45
50. Visual and performing arts	265	105	160	340	125	220
Humanities	480	185	295	630	240	390
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	15	0	15	60	10	55
23. English language and literature/letters	140	40	100	10	10	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	80	20	65	415	155	260
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	30	15	20	15	10	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	110	70	40	40	35	10
54. History	80	45	40	30	15	10
55. French language and literature/letters	15	0	15	65	20	50
Social and behavioural sciences and law	890	275	615	945	210	735
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	10	10	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	60	30	30	90	25	70
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	265	20	240	355	30	330
22. Legal professions and studies	140	50	95	130	35	95
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	20	0	15	0	0	10
42. Psychology	155	20	130	150	30	120
45. Social sciences	240	145	100	205	90	115
Business, management and public administration	1,495	480	1,015	3,020	1,100	1,920
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	0	10	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	195	60	135	100	15	80
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,295	425	875	2,910	1,080	1,830
Physical and life sciences and technologies	160	90	70	470	270	200
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	70	35	35	110	50	60
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25	0	25	85	60	25
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	130	65	70
40. Physical sciences	50	45	10	115	90	25
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	10	0	30	10	20
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	145	80	65	435	310	120
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	100	60	40	390	290	100
25. Library science	15	0	15	15	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	30	15	15	20	20	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,520	1,440	80	2,510	2,345	160
04. Architecture and related services	35	30	10	50	35	15
14. Engineering	155	140	10	345	310	40
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	350	315	30	505	450	55
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	335	325	10	675	655	20
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	420	415	0	570	560	0
48. Precision production	235	215	20	360	340	20
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	215	165	45	110	65	45
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	120	90	35	95	60	30
03. Natural resources and conservation	95	80	10	15	10	15
Health and related fields	1,890	360	1,525	1,385	225	1,155
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	150	95	55	140	60	80
51. Health professions and related programs	1,680	230	1,450	1,235	160	1,070
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	60	40	20	10	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	745	370	380	1,195	675	520
12. Personal and culinary services	440	110	330	545	145	405
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	180	145	35	365	300	70
49. Transportation and materials moving	120	105	10	275	230	45
Other	0	0	0	0	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	10	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	10,805	5,150	5,660	14,410	7,055	7,360
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	4,855	2,550	2,300	5,000	2,570	2,425
Education	330	90	240	685	135	545
13. Education	330	95	235	685	140	550
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	240	110	130	360	140	220
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	20	0	80	45	35
50. Visual and performing arts	220	85	130	280	95	185
Humanities	315	135	185	335	120	210
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	10	50	10	45
23. English language and literature/letters	85	20	60	0	10	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	55	15	40	185	75	115
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	10	20	0	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	80	55	20	20	20	0
54. History	60	35	20	20	10	15
55. French language and literature/letters	10	0	0	50	10	40
Social and behavioural sciences and law	710	195	515	765	160	605
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	10	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	45	25	20	80	20	55
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	225	15	205	285	15	270
22. Legal professions and studies	130	40	80	110	25	90
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	20	0	15	10	0	10
42. Psychology	115	10	105	115	20	90
45. Social sciences	175	105	70	165	75	90
Business, management and public administration	1,035	335	705	2,470	870	1,600
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	10	10	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	135	40	100	95	20	80
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	895	295	595	2,365	855	1,515
Physical and life sciences and technologies	110	65	45	295	200	100
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	50	30	20	80	50	35
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25	0	15	65	40	20
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	10	0	25	20	10
40. Physical sciences	25	25	0	100	80	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	0	25	0	20
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	125	65	60	395	285	110
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	85	50	35	360	265	90
25. Library science	15	0	15	15	0	15
27. Mathematics and statistics	30	15	15	20	15	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,005	935	70	1,940	1,785	150
04. Architecture and related services	20	15	10	40	25	20
14. Engineering	70	60	0	290	250	40
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	280	255	35	385	345	40
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	245	235	10	480	465	15
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	250	245	0	460	450	0
48. Precision production	145	130	15	275	255	25
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	140	105	35	85	45	35
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	75	50	25	70	40	30
03. Natural resources and conservation	65	50	15	15	0	10
Health and related fields	1,355	260	1,090	1,130	195	930
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	125	75	50	110	50	60
51. Health professions and related programs	1,195	165	1,030	1,010	140	870
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	45	25	20	15	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	580	300	285	960	535	425
12. Personal and culinary services	345	85	250	425	95	330
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	135	115	15	280	235	50
49. Transportation and materials moving	105	90	15	250	210	45
Other	10	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	10	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	17,815	8,280	9,540	21,640	10,745	10,900
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	9,460	4,530	4,925	9,555	4,925	4,625
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	8,355	3,745	4,610	12,085	5,815	6,275
Location of study inside Canada	7,830	3,490	4,345	11,665	5,590	6,075
Same as province or territory of residence	7,435	3,305	4,140	11,435	5,465	5,970
Different than province or territory of residence	395	185	210	230	125	100
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	525	260	270	420	225	195
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	125	60	60	55	40	20
Philippines	25	10	15	0	0	0
India	50	25	25	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	100	60	40	10	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	20	0	15	0	10	0
France	0	10	0	70	40	30
Other	205	95	110	265	135	135
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	10,805	5,150	5,655	14,410	7,055	7,360
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,855	2,550	2,305	4,995	2,575	2,420
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	5,955	2,600	3,355	9,415	4,480	4,935
Location of study inside Canada	5,615	2,435	3,180	9,070	4,305	4,770
Same as province or territory of residence	5,290	2,285	3,005	8,920	4,225	4,695
Different than province or territory of residence	325	145	175	150	75	75
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	340	165	175	345	175	170
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	85	40	40	50	30	20
Philippines	20	10	15	0	0	10
India	35	15	20	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	50	35	15	15	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	0	10	10	0	0
France	0	10	0	50	30	20
Other	135	60	70	220	110	115
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	17,820	8,275	9,540	21,645	10,745	10,900
In the labour force	10,515	5,165	5,350	15,475	7,910	7,565
Employed	9,735	4,755	4,985	14,515	7,405	7,110
Unemployed	775	410	365	960	505	455
Not in the labour force	7,305	3,115	4,190	6,165	2,835	3,335
Participation rate	59.0	62.4	56.1	71.5	73.6	69.4
Employment rate	54.6	57.5	52.3	67.1	68.9	65.2
Unemployment rate	7.4	7.9	6.8	6.2	6.4	6.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	17,815	8,275	9,540	21,640	10,745	10,900
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	6,895	2,975	3,925	5,785	2,605	3,175
Worked	10,920	5,305	5,615	15,860	8,135	7,725
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	5,240	2,750	2,485	7,525	4,220	3,300
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	5,685	2,550	3,135	8,335	3,915	4,420
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.8	42.9	42.6	43.0	43.4	42.5
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	10,515	5,165	5,350	15,480	7,910	7,570
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	245	140	105	260	110	150
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	10,265	5,025	5,245	15,215	7,800	7,420
Employee	9,265	4,480	4,785	13,530	6,795	6,735
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	1,005	550	460	1,690	1,005	685
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	10,515	5,160	5,350	15,480	7,910	7,565
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	245	140	105	260	110	145
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	10,270	5,025	5,245	15,215	7,795	7,420
0 Management occupations	890	480	410	1,520	985	540
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,185	305	880	2,630	805	1,830
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	380	340	40	865	690	175
3 Health occupations	1,065	215	850	900	145	755
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,245	425	815	1,870	575	1,300
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	210	90	120	410	150	265
6 Sales and service occupations	2,945	1,105	1,840	4,155	1,870	2,285
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,415	1,305	105	2,135	2,030	110
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	205	195	10	95	90	10
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	725	560	170	620	475	150
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	10,515	5,160	5,355	15,480	7,910	7,570
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	250	140	105	260	110	150
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	10,270	5,020	5,245	15,215	7,800	7,420
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	85	60	25	35	15	20
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	105	95	10	35	35	0
22 Utilities	185	175	10	125	65	60
23 Construction	610	510	105	1,080	940	140
31-33 Manufacturing	1,185	890	295	1,785	1,280	505
41 Wholesale trade	230	165	60	890	590	300
44-45 Retail trade	1,605	620	980	2,215	970	1,250
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	330	260	65	745	570	175
51 Information and cultural industries	160	100	55	360	240	125
52 Finance and insurance	240	90	155	595	185	410
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	165	65	100	250	135	115
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	370	205	165	895	440	455
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	10	10	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	460	265	195	600	385	210
61 Educational services	575	210	365	1,235	370	865
62 Health care and social assistance	1,965	380	1,590	1,630	265	1,360
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	265	100	155	325	205	125
72 Accommodation and food services	880	410	470	1,055	490	565
81 Other services (except public administration)	470	210	265	565	215	345
91 Public administration	375	220	155	800	420	390
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	9,740	4,750	4,985	14,515	7,405	7,115
Worked at home	480	185	295	920	450	475
Worked outside Canada	15	10	10	25	20	0
No fixed workplace address	905	640	260	1,520	1,175	345
Worked at usual place	8,335	3,915	4,420	12,055	5,755	6,300
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	8,335	3,915	4,415	12,055	5,755	6,300
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	5,880	2,445	3,435	2,125	1,070	1,050
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,550	840	710	1,640	545	1,090
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	855	605	250	8,275	4,135	4,140
Commute to a different province or territory	55	25	25	15	0	15
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	9,240	4,555	4,685	13,575	6,930	6,640
Car, truck, van - as a driver	6,920	3,510	3,410	11,495	5,990	5,505
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	920	430	490	520	210	310
Public transit	145	20	125	790	315	475
Walked	1,035	475	555	565	250	310
Bicycle	110	80	30	85	65	20
Other method	110	35	70	120	100	20
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	9,240	4,555	4,685	13,570	6,930	6,640
Less than 15 minutes	5,415	2,365	3,055	3,415	1,540	1,875
15 to 29 minutes	2,025	1,065	960	4,445	2,110	2,335
30 to 44 minutes	950	500	450	2,820	1,645	1,175
45 to 59 minutes	375	245	130	1,405	790	615
60 minutes and over	470	380	85	1,485	840	645
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	9,240	4,560	4,685	13,570	6,930	6,640
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	470	310	160	1,320	1,045	280
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,425	875	550	2,690	1,610	1,080
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,300	1,305	995	3,435	1,500	1,930
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	2,195	855	1,340	2,170	780	1,395
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,150	385	765	1,615	635	980
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,700	835	870	2,350	1,365	985
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	11,225	5,470	5,760	16,295	8,360	7,935
Single responses	11,215	5,470	5,745	15,070	7,675	7,395
Official languages	11,195	5,460	5,735	14,745	7,525	7,220
English	11,150	5,450	5,700	1,200	735	465
French	45	10	30	13,545	6,790	6,755
Non-official languages	20	0	15	320	155	170
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	20	10	15	325	155	170
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	10	0	320	150	170
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	10	10	315	150	160
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	10	10	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	310	150	165
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	0	10	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	15	10	10	1,225	680	545
English and French	0	0	0	1,150	650	500
English and non-official language	15	0	0	25	15	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	0	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	30	15	20
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	11,225	5,470	5,755	16,295	8,360	7,935
None	11,050	5,405	5,640	10,090	4,930	5,155
English	35	10	25	5,250	2,835	2,415
French	110	45	65	765	485	280
Non-official language	40	15	25	140	80	60
Aboriginal	10	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	35	15	20	140	80	60
English and French	0	0	0	15	0	15
English and non-official language	0	0	0	20	20	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	10	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	20,800	9,765	11,035	26,480	13,190	13,285
Non-movers	17,890	8,445	9,440	23,910	11,925	11,985
Movers	2,905	1,315	1,595	2,570	1,270	1,300
Non-migrants	1,695	750	950	935	435	500
Migrants	1,215	570	645	1,630	835	800
Internal migrants	1,205	565	640	1,570	805	770
Intraprovincial migrants	1,095	515	580	1,545	795	755
Interprovincial migrants	115	55	60	25	10	15
External migrants	10	0	10	65	35	30
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	19,955	9,330	10,630	25,090	12,460	12,625
Non-movers	12,125	5,695	6,435	16,830	8,315	8,510
Movers	7,830	3,640	4,195	8,260	4,145	4,115
Non-migrants	4,455	2,115	2,345	3,385	1,715	1,665
Migrants	3,375	1,520	1,855	4,880	2,430	2,450
Internal migrants	3,260	1,475	1,785	4,660	2,335	2,325
Intraprovincial migrants	3,095	1,385	1,710	4,585	2,295	2,290
Interprovincial migrants	165	90	80	80	45	40
External migrants	115	50	65	215	95	120

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Owen Sound [Population centre], Ontario and Boisbriand, V [Census subdivision], Quebec (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 18, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Owen Sound [Population centre], Ontario and Boisbriand, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec

Census Profile, 2016 Census Owen Sound [Population centre], Ontario and Boisbriand, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Owen Sound [Population centre], Ontario and Boisbriand, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec