Census Profile, 2016 Census
Palmerston [Population centre], Ontario and Strathcona County, Specialized municipality [Census subdivision], Alberta

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Palmerston Ontario [Population centre]			Strathcona County, SM Alberta [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Palmerston [Population centre], Ontario Map : Palmerston [Population centre], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Strathcona County, Specialized municipality [Census subdivision], Alberta Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	2,624	...	...	98,044	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	2,599	...	...	92,490	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	1.0	...	...	6.0	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	1,100	...	...	36,354	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	1,068	...	...	35,567	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,035.2	...	...	82.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	2.53	...	...	1,182.78	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	2,630	1,280	1,340	98,045	48,590	49,450
0 to 14 years	465	235	225	18,610	9,325	9,285
0 to 4 years	165	85	80	5,370	2,725	2,645
5 to 9 years	150	75	75	6,500	3,210	3,285
10 to 14 years	150	75	70	6,740	3,385	3,350
15 to 64 years	1,630	830	800	65,695	32,760	32,940
15 to 19 years	145	80	65	6,595	3,470	3,125
20 to 24 years	155	85	70	5,845	3,030	2,810
25 to 29 years	145	70	75	5,245	2,670	2,580
30 to 34 years	185	95	90	6,050	2,910	3,135
35 to 39 years	140	75	65	6,475	3,130	3,340
40 to 44 years	155	85	70	6,955	3,415	3,540
45 to 49 years	140	70	75	7,290	3,535	3,760
50 to 54 years	195	100	100	7,845	3,865	3,980
55 to 59 years	200	90	110	7,470	3,765	3,700
60 to 64 years	170	85	80	5,930	2,965	2,960
65 years and over	535	220	315	13,740	6,505	7,230
65 to 69 years	165	80	85	5,165	2,460	2,705
70 to 74 years	100	50	50	3,650	1,820	1,830
75 to 79 years	80	30	55	2,270	1,125	1,150
80 to 84 years	80	20	60	1,450	675	780
85 years and over	115	35	75	1,200	425	775
85 to 89 years	60	25	40	770	330	435
90 to 94 years	35	10	25	330	80	255
95 to 99 years	10	5	10	80	15	65
100 years and over	5	0	5	15	5	15
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.7	18.4	16.8	19.0	19.2	18.8
15 to 64 years	62.0	64.8	59.7	67.0	67.4	66.6
65 years and over	20.3	17.2	23.5	14.0	13.4	14.6
85 years and over	4.4	2.7	5.6	1.2	0.9	1.6
Average age of the population	42.4	40.2	44.6	39.2	38.8	39.7
Median age of the population	42.7	40.0	45.6	40.1	39.6	40.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	1,070	...	...	35,565	...	...
Single-detached house	760	...	...	28,640	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	305	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	305	...	...	5,755	...	...
Semi-detached house	60	...	...	2,050	...	...
Row house	60	...	...	1,470	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	10	...	...	80	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	170	...	...	2,155	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	5	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	5	...	...	865	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	1,070	...	...	35,565	...	...
1 person	315	...	...	6,095	...	...
2 persons	395	...	...	13,055	...	...
3 persons	145	...	...	6,070	...	...
4 persons	125	...	...	6,735	...	...
5 or more persons	90	...	...	3,615	...	...
Number of persons in private households	2,510	...	...	97,020	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.7	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	2,165	1,045	1,120	79,435	39,265	40,170
Married or living common law	1,305	645	665	52,225	26,110	26,115
Married	1,100	545	560	46,085	23,045	23,045
Living common law	205	95	105	6,140	3,065	3,075
Not married and not living common law	855	400	455	27,205	13,150	14,055
Never married	465	275	195	18,370	10,130	8,235
Separated	80	35	45	1,605	675	925
Divorced	110	55	55	4,090	1,670	2,420
Widowed	200	40	165	3,145	670	2,470
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	745	...	...	29,160	...	...
2 persons	410	...	...	13,790	...	...
3 persons	140	...	...	5,955	...	...
4 persons	120	...	...	6,605	...	...
5 or more persons	70	...	...	2,805	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	740	...	...	29,160	...	...
Total couple families	635	...	...	25,775	...	...
Married couples	535	...	...	22,705	...	...
Common-law couples	100	...	...	3,070	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	105	...	...	3,385	...	...
Female parent	75	...	...	2,505	...	...
Male parent	35	...	...	880	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	640	...	...	25,775	...	...
Couples without children	335	...	...	11,865	...	...
Couples with children	300	...	...	13,905	...	...
1 child	115	...	...	4,815	...	...
2 children	115	...	...	6,345	...	...
3 or more children	70	...	...	2,745	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	105	...	...	3,385	...	...
1 child	70	...	...	1,925	...	...
2 children	25	...	...	1,145	...	...
3 or more children	10	...	...	320	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	400	190	210	10,315	5,055	5,260
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	1,070	...	...	35,565	...	...
One-census-family households	720	...	...	27,830	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	330	...	...	11,275	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	390	...	...	16,560	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	10	...	...	650	...	...
Non-census-family households	340	...	...	7,085	...	...
One-person households	320	...	...	6,095	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	20	...	...	990	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	2,505	1,255	1,255	97,540	48,410	49,125
English only	2,335	1,175	1,165	90,505	45,350	45,155
French only	0	0	0	50	20	30
English and French	160	65	90	6,745	2,955	3,795
Neither English nor French	15	5	5	240	90	150
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	2,510	1,250	1,260	97,535	48,415	49,125
English	2,480	1,240	1,245	95,495	47,420	48,080
French	15	10	10	1,680	845	835
English and French	0	0	0	125	55	65
Neither English nor French	10	5	5	235	85	145
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	15	5	10	1,745	875	870
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.6	0.4	0.8	1.8	1.8	1.8
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	2,510	1,255	1,255	97,535	48,415	49,125
Single responses	2,485	1,240	1,240	96,430	47,895	48,530
Official languages	2,325	1,160	1,160	87,825	43,835	43,995
English	2,305	1,155	1,150	86,005	42,920	43,080
French	20	10	5	1,825	910	915
Non-official languages	165	80	80	8,605	4,060	4,540
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	25	5	25
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	20	5	15
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	25	10	20
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	10	5	5
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	5	0	5
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	0	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	5	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	160	80	80	8,570	4,060	4,515
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0	200	110	90
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	5	0
Somali	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	0	5	190	105	85
Amharic	0	0	0	10	5	5
Arabic	5	0	5	170	90	80
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	5	0
Maltese	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	95	35	55
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	85	35	55
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	20	15	10	1,295	520	780
Bikol	0	0	0	5	5	5
Cebuano	0	0	0	50	20	30
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	10	5	5
Ilocano	0	0	0	40	20	20
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	20	5	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	15	0	10
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	15	10	1,155	460	695
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Dravidian languages	5	0	0	125	70	55
Kannada	0	0	0	5	5	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	35	25	15
Tamil	5	0	0	60	30	30
Telugu	0	0	0	25	10	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	125	60	60	5,955	2,915	3,040
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	5	1,550	735	820
Baltic languages	0	0	0	30	10	10
Latvian	0	0	0	15	5	5
Lithuanian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Slavic languages	5	0	5	1,525	725	805
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Croatian	0	0	5	105	50	60
Czech	0	0	0	65	30	30
Macedonian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	325	155	170
Russian	0	0	0	105	45	65
Serbian	0	0	0	30	15	10
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	30	10	20
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	10	5	10
Ukrainian	5	0	0	835	405	430
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Celtic languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	5	5	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Germanic languages	85	40	40	2,205	1,085	1,125
Afrikaans	0	0	0	55	30	30
Danish	0	0	5	100	50	50
Dutch	30	10	20	400	190	210
Frisian	0	0	0	5	0	0
German	55	30	25	1,585	780	805
Icelandic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	30	15	10
Swedish	0	0	0	25	10	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	40	25	15
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	1,155	585	570
Indo-Aryan languages	5	5	0	1,095	550	540
Bengali	0	0	0	25	10	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	105	55	50
Hindi	0	0	0	155	80	75
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	5
Marathi	0	0	0	15	10	15
Nepali	0	0	0	35	20	10
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	595	300	290
Sindhi	0	0	0	35	15	20
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	35	15	20
Urdu	0	0	0	90	50	45
Iranian languages	0	0	0	60	30	30
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	10	5	5
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	45	25	25
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	30	10	15	985	485	500
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	0	175	85	85
Portuguese	10	5	5	140	70	65
Romanian	10	5	5	55	25	30
Spanish	5	0	5	620	295	325
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Japanese	0	0	0	25	10	20
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	5	110	55	50
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	70	35	30
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	5	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	5	0
Swahili	0	0	0	20	5	10
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	15	10	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	15	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Dinka	0	0	0	5	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	5	0	20	5	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	15	5	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	480	210	270
Chinese languages	5	5	5	475	205	265
Cantonese	0	0	0	225	95	135
Hakka	0	0	0	10	0	5
Mandarin	5	0	0	205	100	110
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	5	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Burmese	0	0	0	0	5	5
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	45	15	30
Lao	0	0	0	10	5	5
Thai	0	0	0	35	10	25
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	20	15	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	5	5	5
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	5	115	55	60
Estonian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Finnish	0	0	0	25	10	15
Hungarian	0	0	0	80	40	45
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Multiple responses	20	10	15	1,110	515	590
English and French	5	0	5	255	125	135
English and non-official language	20	10	10	810	370	440
French and non-official language	0	0	0	25	15	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	10	5
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	2,510	1,250	1,260	97,535	48,415	49,125
Single responses	2,470	1,235	1,235	95,745	47,590	48,150
Official languages	2,410	1,205	1,210	93,055	46,295	46,760
English	2,410	1,200	1,210	92,525	46,030	46,495
French	0	5	0	530	265	270
Non-official languages	55	30	30	2,690	1,300	1,390
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	60	30	30	2,680	1,300	1,390
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	60	30	30
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	5	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	55	25	30
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	55	25	30
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	5	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	30	15	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	5	620	290	335
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	15	10	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	5	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	5	5	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	5	5	585	270	310
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	65	35	30
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	5
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tamil	0	0	0	40	25	20
Telugu	0	0	0	15	10	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	45	20	20	1,505	745	760
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	250	120	135
Baltic languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Latvian	0	0	0	10	0	5
Lithuanian	0	0	0	10	5	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	240	115	125
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Croatian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Czech	0	0	0	15	10	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	80	45	40
Russian	5	0	0	50	20	30
Serbian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	5	0	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Ukrainian	0	0	0	40	15	25
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	30	15	20	220	105	115
Afrikaans	0	0	0	20	10	15
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	30	10	15
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	30	15	15	160	75	85
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	5	5	620	325	295
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	590	305	285
Bengali	0	0	0	10	5	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	40	20	20
Hindi	0	0	0	90	50	35
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	5	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	5	5	5
Nepali	0	0	0	20	10	10
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	5	0	345	175	165
Sindhi	0	0	0	15	5	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	25	10	10
Urdu	0	0	0	40	25	20
Iranian languages	5	5	5	30	15	10
Kurdish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	10	5	5
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	20	15	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	5	0	0	410	195	210
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Portuguese	5	0	0	20	10	10
Romanian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Spanish	0	0	0	335	165	175
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	0	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	60	30	30
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	10	5	5
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	10	0	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	5	0	20	5	10
American Sign Language	0	5	0	5	0	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	15	10	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	5	0	230	110	120
Chinese languages	0	0	0	225	105	120
Cantonese	0	0	0	85	40	45
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	135	65	70
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Lao	0	0	0	10	5	5
Thai	0	0	0	20	5	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	10	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	5	5	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	25	10	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	40	20	20	1,790	820	970
English and French	0	0	0	125	55	65
English and non-official language	35	15	20	1,620	750	875
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	40	20	20
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	2,505	1,250	1,260	97,535	48,415	49,125
None	2,375	1,195	1,180	91,590	45,700	45,885
English	25	15	10	1,585	785	800
French	45	10	30	1,145	480	670
Non-official language	65	30	30	3,125	1,395	1,730
Aboriginal	0	0	0	15	10	10
Non-Aboriginal	60	30	35	3,105	1,385	1,720
English and French	0	0	0	15	5	5
English and non-official language	5	0	0	25	15	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	55	25	25
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	2,045	1,015	1,030	78,475	38,950	39,525
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,985	990	1,000	75,270	37,360	37,905
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,886	43,605	27,568	53,403	72,503	39,515
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,990	990	1,000	75,295	37,360	37,930
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,744	38,144	25,792	45,974	60,241	35,140
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,805	910	890	72,345	36,545	35,790
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,768	43,099	23,712	51,164	71,116	36,758
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,410	625	790	40,580	14,955	25,630
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,504	4,176	7,221	4,802	8,076	3,855
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,500	790	710	61,785	32,175	29,610
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,587	44,480	26,880	51,996	71,906	37,983
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	2,175	1,060	1,115	78,470	38,960	39,510
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,115	1,030	1,085	75,310	37,365	37,945
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,255	48,742	30,201	80,319	109,345	51,737
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,115	1,030	1,085	75,340	37,370	37,965
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,064	41,381	27,082	63,733	84,852	42,943
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,965	965	995	72,320	36,500	35,830
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,106	47,044	25,498	79,478	108,461	49,953
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,475	625	855	40,595	15,095	25,495
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,204	7,790	8,506	7,408	8,422	6,807
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,670	840	830	61,785	32,010	29,775
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,573	49,298	25,769	69,897	91,419	46,765
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	2,175	1,060	1,115	78,475	38,965	39,510
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	895	535	360	29,550	17,340	12,205
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	47,571	56,135	37,374	80,003	95,063	62,704
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	52,037	60,878	38,822	98,056	117,964	69,769
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	85.2	89.4	78.9	94.9	96.7	91.3
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	73.4	79.1	66.0	73.4	75.0	70.3
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	15.0	10.6	21.1	5.1	3.3	8.7
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	2,045	1,015	1,030	78,470	38,950	39,525
Without total income	60	25	30	3,205	1,585	1,615
With total income	1,990	990	1,000	75,270	37,360	37,910
Percentage with total income	97.3	97.5	97.1	95.9	95.9	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	225	105	130	8,495	2,840	5,650
$10,000 to $19,999	345	135	210	7,560	2,480	5,080
$20,000 to $29,999	320	120	205	7,085	2,465	4,625
$30,000 to $39,999	225	90	135	6,185	2,395	3,795
$40,000 to $49,999	290	150	135	6,215	2,625	3,590
$50,000 to $59,999	210	120	85	5,875	2,570	3,305
$60,000 to $69,999	120	85	35	5,270	2,670	2,605
$70,000 to $79,999	85	65	20	4,520	2,410	2,110
$80,000 to $89,999	65	50	15	3,990	2,315	1,675
$90,000 to $99,999	45	35	15	3,660	2,165	1,500
$100,000 and over	45	35	10	16,400	12,425	3,980
$100,000 to $149,999	35	25	10	9,705	6,850	2,855
$150,000 and over	10	10	0	6,695	5,570	1,125
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	2,050	1,015	1,035	78,470	38,945	39,525
Without after-tax income	55	30	30	3,180	1,585	1,595
With after-tax income	1,985	990	1,000	75,295	37,360	37,930
Percentage with after-tax income	96.8	97.5	96.6	96.0	95.9	96.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	230	105	130	8,860	2,920	5,940
$10,000 to $19,999	375	145	230	7,950	2,620	5,330
$20,000 to $29,999	335	125	210	8,275	2,910	5,370
$30,000 to $39,999	350	155	195	7,725	3,155	4,575
$40,000 to $49,999	295	165	130	7,915	3,455	4,460
$50,000 to $59,999	180	130	55	7,025	3,555	3,465
$60,000 to $69,999	105	80	25	5,895	3,325	2,570
$70,000 to $79,999	60	40	20	5,020	2,975	2,045
$80,000 and over	60	45	15	16,630	12,460	4,175
$80,000 to $89,999	30	20	10	4,165	2,680	1,485
$90,000 to $99,999	10	5	5	2,940	2,100	845
$100,000 and over	25	20	5	9,525	7,685	1,840
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	2,045	1,015	1,035	78,470	38,950	39,525
Without employment income	550	225	325	16,685	6,770	9,920
With employment income	1,500	790	705	61,785	32,180	29,610
Percentage with employment income	73.3	77.8	68.1	78.7	82.6	74.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	185	85	95	7,065	3,300	3,765
$5,000 to $9,999	120	50	75	4,055	1,600	2,450
$10,000 to $19,999	180	75	105	5,825	2,170	3,650
$20,000 to $29,999	160	60	100	4,550	1,720	2,835
$30,000 to $39,999	180	70	110	4,340	1,665	2,675
$40,000 to $49,999	225	125	95	4,240	1,635	2,605
$50,000 to $59,999	165	100	55	4,230	1,740	2,495
$60,000 to $69,999	105	75	30	3,950	1,900	2,050
$70,000 to $79,999	60	50	10	3,475	1,880	1,595
$80,000 and over	125	100	30	20,065	14,570	5,495
$80,000 to $89,999	55	45	10	3,230	1,915	1,310
$90,000 to $99,999	35	25	10	3,295	1,950	1,345
$100,000 and over	40	30	10	13,540	10,700	2,840
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	1,070	...	...	35,565	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	67,072	...	...	126,399	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	60,096	...	...	104,689	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	315	...	...	6,095	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,008	...	...	59,861	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,968	...	...	50,069	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	750	...	...	29,475	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	83,136	...	...	141,754	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	72,384	...	...	116,557	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	1,105	...	...	35,565	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	75,222	...	...	170,067	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	65,275	...	...	135,002	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	290	...	...	6,090	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	37,984	...	...	78,230	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,624	...	...	61,769	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	810	...	...	29,480	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	88,587	...	...	189,043	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	76,635	...	...	150,135	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	1,070	...	...	35,565	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...	230	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	20	...	...	115	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	35	...	...	160	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	45	...	...	315	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	50	...	...	630	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	45	...	...	520	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	55	...	...	560	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	55	...	...	620	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	30	...	...	680	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	55	...	...	755	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	75	...	...	1,535	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	90	...	...	1,675	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	85	...	...	1,760	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	90	...	...	1,845	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	70	...	...	1,795	...	...
$100,000 and over	260	...	...	22,360	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	120	...	...	4,340	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	80	...	...	4,005	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	50	...	...	6,085	...	...
$200,000 and over	15	...	...	7,930	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	1,065	...	...	35,565	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...	275	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...	120	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	35	...	...	170	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	50	...	...	340	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	55	...	...	695	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	55	...	...	615	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	60	...	...	650	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	60	...	...	785	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	60	...	...	895	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	45	...	...	945	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	95	...	...	2,040	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	125	...	...	2,240	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	100	...	...	2,350	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	85	...	...	2,365	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	65	...	...	2,260	...	...
$100,000 and over	165	...	...	18,835	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	105	...	...	5,260	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	35	...	...	4,400	...	...
$150,000 and over	25	...	...	9,170	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	740	...	...	28,860	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	82,645	...	...	140,039	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	71,643	...	...	115,200	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	325	...	...	11,105	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	77,056	...	...	118,120	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	67,413	...	...	98,637	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	305	...	...	13,990	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,048	...	...	170,386	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	85,888	...	...	138,758	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	95	...	...	3,125	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	49,024	...	...	84,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	44,352	...	...	72,869	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	790	...	...	28,840	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	88,357	...	...	188,347	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,380	...	...	149,455	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	370	...	...	11,130	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	77,063	...	...	168,290	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	67,019	...	...	134,160	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	345	...	...	14,005	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	108,967	...	...	225,704	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	93,201	...	...	177,628	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	65	...	...	3,095	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	42,848	...	...	97,554	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	39,624	...	...	80,937	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	365	180	190	8,680	4,275	4,410
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	29,696	37,248	27,728	54,562	65,472	46,208
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	27,648	33,408	26,816	46,187	53,609	40,419
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	355	155	200	8,620	4,315	4,305
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	37,653	41,289	34,873	71,483	83,753	59,183
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	33,332	35,856	31,403	56,941	64,745	49,118
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	2,510	1,250	1,255	97,025	48,245	48,780
In the bottom half of the distribution	1,355	655	695	20,975	9,760	11,215
In the bottom decile	185	95	95	3,080	1,465	1,610
In the second decile	260	115	145	3,035	1,265	1,770
In the third decile	295	130	160	3,850	1,740	2,110
In the fourth decile	300	150	145	4,820	2,275	2,545
In the fifth decile	315	160	150	6,190	3,015	3,175
In the top half of the distribution	1,155	600	560	76,050	38,480	37,565
In the sixth decile	350	175	175	7,800	3,765	4,035
In the seventh decile	305	160	145	9,820	4,840	4,985
In the eighth decile	250	135	115	13,080	6,500	6,580
In the ninth decile	175	90	80	17,330	8,805	8,520
In the top decile	80	35	40	28,015	14,580	13,440
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	2,510	1,255	1,255	97,020	48,245	48,780
0 to 17 years	560	295	265	22,590	11,445	11,145
0 to 5 years	190	100	90	6,520	3,295	3,225
18 to 64 years	1,525	765	760	61,375	30,470	30,905
65 years and over	425	195	235	13,060	6,325	6,735
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	295	135	155	3,895	1,795	2,095
0 to 17 years	60	30	30	1,240	665	575
0 to 5 years	20	15	5	305	165	145
18 to 64 years	170	80	90	2,100	935	1,165
65 years and over	60	25	40	550	195	355
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	11.8	10.8	12.4	4.0	3.7	4.3
0 to 17 years (%)	10.7	10.2	11.3	5.5	5.8	5.2
0 to 5 years (%)	10.5	15.0	5.6	4.7	5.0	4.5
18 to 64 years (%)	11.1	10.5	11.8	3.4	3.1	3.8
65 years and over (%)	14.1	12.8	17.0	4.2	3.1	5.3
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	130	65	60	3,105	1,430	1,675
0 to 17 years	25	10	10	975	500	475
0 to 5 years	10	5	5	230	120	110
18 to 64 years	90	50	45	1,890	845	1,050
65 years and over	10	0	5	240	80	155
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.2	5.2	4.8	3.2	3.0	3.4
0 to 17 years (%)	4.5	3.4	3.8	4.3	4.4	4.3
0 to 5 years (%)	5.3	5.0	5.6	3.5	3.6	3.4
18 to 64 years (%)	5.9	6.5	5.9	3.1	2.8	3.4
65 years and over (%)	2.4	0.0	2.1	1.8	1.3	2.3
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	2,700	1,325	1,375	97,025	48,240	48,780
Official languages	2,690	1,320	1,375	96,810	48,165	48,650
English	2,695	1,320	1,375	96,740	48,145	48,595
French	200	95	100	6,845	3,080	3,765
Non-official languages	145	65	80	11,530	5,545	5,990
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	30	10	25
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	25	0	25
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	25	0	25
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	10	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	10	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	145	65	80	11,505	5,540	5,965
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	10	0	360	200	160
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	10	0	355	195	160
Amharic	0	0	0	40	20	20
Arabic	0	0	0	285	160	125
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	0	0	20	10	10
Maltese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tigrigna	0	0	0	15	10	10
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	135	65	65
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Vietnamese	0	0	0	115	55	55
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	45	20	25	1,605	685	920
Bikol	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	45	20	25
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	30	20	15
Ilocano	0	0	0	95	30	65
Malagasy	0	0	0	10	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	35	0	30
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	45	15	30	1,530	660	865
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	30	20	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	15	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	205	110	95
Kannada	0	0	0	20	10	15
Malayalam	0	0	0	50	30	20
Tamil	0	0	0	90	55	40
Telugu	0	0	0	50	25	25
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	90	40	45	7,940	3,880	4,060
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	0	2,000	935	1,070
Baltic languages	0	0	0	65	25	40
Latvian	0	0	0	35	15	15
Lithuanian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Slavic languages	0	10	0	1,965	920	1,045
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Croatian	0	0	0	105	50	50
Czech	0	0	0	55	15	35
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	370	185	185
Russian	0	0	0	205	75	125
Serbian	0	0	0	40	25	15
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	60	40	25
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	30	15	15
Ukrainian	0	0	0	1,245	575	665
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	10	0	10
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Germanic languages	65	25	40	2,870	1,430	1,440
Afrikaans	0	0	0	140	75	65
Danish	0	0	0	140	70	70
Dutch	20	10	0	500	230	275
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	45	15	30	2,015	1,020	995
Icelandic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	55	35	20
Swedish	0	0	0	45	25	20
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	70	30	40
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	1,285	625	660
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	1,245	610	635
Bengali	0	0	0	35	15	20
Gujarati	0	0	0	90	55	40
Hindi	0	0	0	375	175	200
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	30	15	15
Marathi	0	0	0	10	10	10
Nepali	0	0	0	15	10	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	730	365	360
Sindhi	0	0	0	45	20	25
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	150	60	90
Iranian languages	0	0	0	40	15	20
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	40	15	25
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	25	10	10	1,790	910	885
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	280	135	140
Portuguese	0	10	0	220	115	105
Romanian	10	0	0	70	35	30
Spanish	0	0	0	1,310	675	635
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	145	65	80
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	120	60	55
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	135	75	60
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	15	10	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lingala	0	0	0	10	10	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	30	10	15
Swahili	0	0	0	25	20	15
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	10	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	70	40	30
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	0	0	130	30	100
American Sign Language	0	0	0	60	15	45
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	65	10	55
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	10	0	620	285	340
Chinese languages	10	10	0	620	285	340
Cantonese	0	0	0	275	115	160
Hakka	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mandarin	10	10	10	350	165	185
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	0	20
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	95	35	55
Lao	0	0	0	20	10	10
Thai	0	0	0	85	30	55
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	10	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Uralic languages	0	0	0	180	110	70
Estonian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Finnish	0	0	0	70	50	20
Hungarian	0	0	0	100	50	45
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	15	15
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	2,695	1,325	1,370	97,020	48,245	48,780
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	2,625	1,300	1,325	93,040	46,345	46,700
Canadian citizens aged under 18	625	320	305	22,075	11,165	10,905
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	2,000	980	1,020	70,965	35,175	35,790
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	70	25	40	3,980	1,900	2,080
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	2,695	1,325	1,370	97,020	48,245	48,780
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	2,505	1,240	1,265	86,255	43,020	43,235
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	180	80	105	9,940	4,830	5,115
Before 1981	100	35	60	4,020	1,995	2,025
1981 to 1990	15	10	10	1,025	455	565
1991 to 2000	10	10	0	1,045	510	535
2001 to 2010	20	0	15	2,060	980	1,080
2001 to 2005	15	0	10	865	455	410
2006 to 2010	10	0	0	1,195	530	665
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	40	20	20	1,795	885	910
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	10	10	0	825	400	430
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	180	80	100	9,940	4,830	5,115
Under 5 years	30	10	15	1,115	580	530
5 to 14 years	30	10	25	2,285	1,105	1,180
15 to 24 years	45	20	25	2,035	940	1,100
25 to 44 years	75	45	35	3,900	1,885	2,010
45 years and over	10	0	10	605	315	295
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	185	80	100	9,945	4,830	5,115
Americas	25	15	15	1,355	620	725
Brazil	0	0	0	35	15	15
Colombia	0	0	0	45	15	35
El Salvador	0	0	0	50	25	20
Guyana	10	10	0	60	35	25
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	45	10	35
Mexico	10	0	0	80	40	35
Peru	0	0	0	20	0	15
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	70	45	30
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	10	615	250	365
Other places of birth in Americas	0	10	0	335	180	155
Europe	100	40	60	4,680	2,375	2,305
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	30	20	15
Croatia	0	0	0	45	30	15
France	0	0	0	30	10	15
Germany	15	0	10	680	360	320
Greece	0	0	0	10	10	10
Hungary	0	0	0	55	40	20
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	180	80	95
Italy	0	0	0	110	70	40
Netherlands	25	15	10	415	210	200
Poland	0	0	0	260	135	125
Portugal	10	0	10	55	30	25
Romania	0	0	0	75	35	35
Russian Federation	10	10	0	35	10	25
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	10	10	10	10	0	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	75	25	50
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	35	10	25	2,120	1,035	1,090
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	0	510	280	230
Africa	10	0	10	665	330	335
Algeria	0	0	0	15	10	10
Egypt	0	0	0	60	45	15
Ethiopia	0	0	0	40	20	20
Kenya	0	0	0	55	30	25
Morocco	0	0	0	10	10	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	60	25	40
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	0	210	90	120
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	215	115	100
Asia	55	30	30	3,080	1,415	1,665
Afghanistan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bangladesh	0	0	0	30	20	15
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	10	0	200	105	100
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	70	35	40
India	0	0	0	710	365	345
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	30	15	10
Iraq	0	0	0	0	10	0
Japan	0	0	0	40	10	30
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	95	45	55
Lebanon	0	0	0	40	20	20
Pakistan	0	0	0	120	65	60
Philippines	45	15	25	1,305	560	745
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	10	10	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	20	10	15
Taiwan	0	0	10	25	10	15
Viet Nam	0	0	0	60	30	35
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	295	120	175
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	165	90	80
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	40	20	20	1,800	890	910
Americas	15	10	10	160	65	100
Brazil	0	0	0	20	0	15
Colombia	0	0	0	10	0	10
Cuba	0	0	0	10	0	10
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	25	15	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	10	0	0	70	30	40
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	20	15	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	20	0	15
Europe	0	0	0	445	240	210
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	30	25	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	55	30	25
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	25	0	15
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	255	140	120
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	70	35	35
Africa	0	0	0	70	25	45
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	10	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	20	10	10
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	10	0	10
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	35	10	30
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	10	0	0
Asia	25	15	10	1,060	525	530
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	10	10	0	30	10	15
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	150	100	50
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	10	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	10	10	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Philippines	25	15	15	790	375	420
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	10	0	10
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	10	10	10
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	10	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	15	10	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	15	10	15
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	50	30	20
Australia	0	0	0	30	10	15
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	25	20	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	2,695	1,325	1,370	97,020	48,240	48,780
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	195	90	110	11,290	5,490	5,800
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	325	170	150	16,585	8,300	8,290
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	2,180	1,065	1,115	69,145	34,450	34,695
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	90	40	45	6,150	2,965	3,185
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	45	15	25	4,165	2,075	2,095
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	30	10	20	1,660	1,060	600
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	15	10	10	2,505	1,015	1,495
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	45	25	20	1,610	675	935
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	0	360	205	155
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	15	10	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	2,700	1,325	1,375	97,025	48,240	48,780
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	55	25	30	3,880	1,900	1,980
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	50	25	25	3,775	1,860	1,920
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	20	10	15	1,130	520	605
Métis	25	15	15	2,580	1,300	1,275
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	70	35	30
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	80	30	50
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	10	30	10	15
Non-Aboriginal identity	2,640	1,300	1,340	93,145	46,345	46,800
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	2,695	1,325	1,375	97,020	48,245	48,780
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	10	0	10	965	425	535
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	2,690	1,325	1,365	96,060	47,815	48,245
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	2,695	1,325	1,370	97,025	48,240	48,780
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	15	0	10	645	305	335
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	20	10	0	615	300	315
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	10	0	10	340	145	195
Métis single ancestry	10	10	0	265	145	120
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	10	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	30	10	20
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	15	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	10	10	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	80	40	50	4,560	2,175	2,380
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	85	40	45	4,425	2,105	2,320
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	70	30	45	2,135	965	1,170
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	10	2,220	1,095	1,130
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	65	40	30
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	130	70	60
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	125	65	55
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	2,595	1,280	1,315	91,820	45,765	46,065
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	2,695	1,330	1,370	97,020	48,245	48,780
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	100	55	50	7,150	3,485	3,660
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	10	0	1,820	935	885
Chinese	10	10	10	945	460	485
Black	20	15	0	775	385	390
Filipino	55	20	30	1,815	790	1,025
Latin American	10	0	0	455	225	230
Arab	0	0	0	270	155	115
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	295	135	160
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	55	35	20
Korean	0	0	0	160	85	75
Japanese	0	0	0	175	70	110
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	10	0	10	115	80	35
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	265	140	130
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	2,600	1,275	1,325	89,875	44,755	45,115
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	2,695	1,325	1,370	97,020	48,245	48,780
North American Aboriginal origins	100	45	55	5,200	2,485	2,715
First Nations (North American Indian)	75	30	45	2,635	1,190	1,440
Inuit	0	0	0	90	55	35
Métis	25	15	10	2,630	1,315	1,320
Other North American origins	1,000	500	495	26,885	13,745	13,135
Acadian	0	0	0	145	90	55
American	20	10	10	2,135	1,020	1,115
Canadian	980	495	485	25,330	13,000	12,330
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	10	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	40	20	15
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	35	15	20
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	10	0	0
European origins	2,055	980	1,070	79,170	39,080	40,095
British Isles origins	1,495	675	820	48,290	23,735	24,555
Channel Islander	0	0	0	10	0	10
Cornish	0	0	0	15	10	0
English	900	375	525	27,120	13,260	13,865
Irish	605	300	295	18,035	8,395	9,635
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	715	320	395	20,990	10,185	10,810
Welsh	20	10	15	2,610	1,285	1,330
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	45	20	20	2,975	1,410	1,560
French origins	230	120	110	13,605	6,615	6,990
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	10	10	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	230	120	110	13,590	6,610	6,980
Western European origins (except French origins)	990	490	495	29,785	14,415	15,370
Austrian	0	0	0	1,455	655	805
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	770	365	405
Dutch	310	160	150	6,195	2,985	3,210
Flemish	0	10	0	30	10	25
Frisian	0	0	0	10	10	0
German	675	335	345	23,525	11,430	12,095
Luxembourger	0	0	0	50	25	25
Swiss	50	10	35	765	380	390
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	35	25	10	10,745	5,160	5,585
Danish	20	10	10	1,895	910	995
Finnish	10	10	0	540	320	225
Icelandic	0	0	0	545	245	300
Norwegian	0	0	0	5,340	2,540	2,800
Swedish	0	0	0	3,250	1,490	1,755
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	385	205	180
Eastern European origins	125	75	50	25,200	12,075	13,125
Bulgarian	0	0	0	50	20	35
Byelorussian	0	0	0	30	25	0
Czech	0	0	0	525	235	290
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	385	175	210
Estonian	0	0	0	45	20	20
Hungarian	10	0	0	1,360	680	680
Latvian	0	0	0	125	55	65
Lithuanian	0	0	0	175	75	100
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	40	25	10	7,270	3,530	3,735
Romanian	20	10	15	980	435	540
Russian	0	10	0	2,370	1,130	1,235
Slovak	0	0	0	265	155	115
Ukrainian	55	25	30	17,435	8,310	9,125
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	25	10	10
Southern European origins	60	25	35	4,845	2,400	2,440
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	30	20	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	260	135	130
Cypriot	0	0	0	20	15	0
Greek	0	0	0	415	190	225
Italian	20	10	15	2,470	1,295	1,175
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	75	35	45
Montenegrin	0	0	0	10	0	0
Portuguese	35	20	15	610	310	300
Serbian	0	0	0	120	45	75
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	170	75	90
Spanish	0	0	0	750	325	430
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	110	50	60
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	10	10	10	365	185	180
Basque	0	0	0	10	0	0
Jewish	10	0	10	110	70	40
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	25	10	15
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	215	90	120
Caribbean origins	0	0	0	420	205	215
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Barbadian	0	0	0	20	0	15
Bermudan	0	0	0	10	15	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	10	0	10
Dominican	0	0	0	25	15	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	200	100	105
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	25	10	15
St. Lucian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	80	40	40
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	30	0	20
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	15	10	10	890	490	400
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	30	10	20
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	45	30	15
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	40	20	25
Chilean	0	0	0	125	75	50
Colombian	0	0	0	110	60	50
Costa Rican	0	0	0	15	0	10
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	10	0	35	25	15
Guyanese	10	0	0	75	45	25
Hispanic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Honduran	0	0	0	20	15	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	205	110	95
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Salvadorean	0	0	0	80	50	25
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	100	65	40
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	25	15	10
African origins	20	0	15	1,015	505	505
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	135	75	60
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	15	10	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	90	45	40
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	15	0	0
North African origins	0	0	0	150	80	65
Algerian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	70	45	30
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	20	10	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	25	10	15
Southern and East African origins	15	0	10	380	190	190
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	55	35	25
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	30	15	15
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	10	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	10	0	10
South African	15	0	10	185	85	105
Tanzanian	0	0	0	15	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	40	15	25
Zulu	0	0	0	15	10	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	50	25	25
Other African origins	10	0	10	355	165	185
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	70	40	35
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	10	285	130	150
Asian origins	70	30	35	6,230	2,960	3,275
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	0	0	0	625	325	295
Afghan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	50	25	20
Armenian	0	0	0	35	15	15
Assyrian	0	0	0	40	20	30
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	80	30	55
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	10	0	10
Jordanian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	235	145	95
Palestinian	0	0	0	45	25	20
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	35	20	15
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	70	40	25
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	10	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	0	0	0	1,875	950	925
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	30	15	15
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	10	10	0	1,620	820	805
Goan	0	0	0	20	10	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	25	10	10
Pakistani	0	0	0	105	55	50
Punjabi	0	0	0	90	50	40
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	25	0	20
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	10
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	40	25	15
East and Southeast Asian origins	60	25	35	3,790	1,705	2,085
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	40	25	10
Chinese	0	0	0	1,335	630	705
Filipino	55	20	30	1,850	815	1,035
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Japanese	0	0	0	260	105	160
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	190	100	90
Laotian	0	0	0	50	25	25
Malaysian	0	0	0	25	10	20
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	30	15	20
Thai	0	0	0	80	30	50
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	185	90	90
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Oceania origins	0	0	0	390	215	175
Australian	0	0	0	195	100	105
New Zealander	0	0	0	90	50	40
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	140	85	60
Fijian	0	0	0	50	25	25
Hawaiian	0	0	0	40	20	15
Maori	0	0	0	10	0	10
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	15	15	0
Samoan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	35	25	15
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	1,105	...	...	35,565	...	...
Owner	830	...	...	31,695	...	...
Renter	275	...	...	3,870	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	1,100	...	...	35,565	...	...
Condominium	40	...	...	4,365	...	...
Not condominium	1,060	...	...	31,205	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	1,105	...	...	35,565	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	15	...	...
1 bedroom	90	...	...	1,110	...	...
2 bedrooms	315	...	...	4,255	...	...
3 bedrooms	405	...	...	12,780	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	305	...	...	17,405	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	1,105	...	...	35,570	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	235	...	...	3,475	...	...
5 rooms	170	...	...	3,920	...	...
6 rooms	140	...	...	4,815	...	...
7 rooms	170	...	...	5,460	...	...
8 or more rooms	380	...	...	17,895	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.7	...	...	7.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	1,105	...	...	35,570	...	...
One person or fewer per room	1,105	...	...	35,350	...	...
More than 1 person per room	0	...	...	215	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	1,105	...	...	35,570	...	...
Suitable	1,070	...	...	34,965	...	...
Not suitable	35	...	...	600	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	1,100	...	...	35,565	...	...
1960 or before	480	...	...	1,530	...	...
1961 to 1980	260	...	...	10,985	...	...
1981 to 1990	115	...	...	4,055	...	...
1991 to 2000	95	...	...	6,565	...	...
2001 to 2005	85	...	...	4,605	...	...
2006 to 2010	15	...	...	4,630	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	55	...	...	3,200	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	1,100	...	...	35,570	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	1,040	...	...	34,095	...	...
Major repairs needed	65	...	...	1,470	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	1,105	...	...	35,565	...	...
1 household maintainer	630	...	...	18,150	...	...
2 household maintainers	455	...	...	16,730	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	15	...	...	695	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	1,105	...	...	35,565	...	...
15 to 24 years	40	...	...	510	...	...
25 to 34 years	145	...	...	4,480	...	...
35 to 44 years	190	...	...	6,925	...	...
45 to 54 years	230	...	...	8,170	...	...
55 to 64 years	175	...	...	7,510	...	...
65 to 74 years	190	...	...	5,075	...	...
75 to 84 years	85	...	...	2,355	...	...
85 years and over	50	...	...	550	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	1,100	...	...	35,085	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	895	...	...	30,220	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	205	...	...	4,870	...	...
30% to less than 100%	180	...	...	4,400	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	830	...	...	31,285	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	65.5	...	...	60.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	13.4	...	...	11.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,102	...	...	1,549	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,128	...	...	1,601	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	240,429	...	...	450,119	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	246,186	...	...	511,612	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	275	...	...	3,870	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	23.6	...	...	8.4	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	36.4	...	...	34.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	810	...	...	1,594	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	757	...	...	1,550	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	2,175	1,060	1,110	78,470	38,960	39,510
No certificate, diploma or degree	535	310	230	9,950	5,325	4,620
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	700	320	380	22,290	9,990	12,300
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	940	435	500	46,235	23,645	22,590
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	255	185	65	9,525	7,965	1,560
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	110	60	50	2,160	1,390	765
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	140	120	20	7,365	6,575	795
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	435	145	295	17,760	7,615	10,145
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	30	20	10	2,545	870	1,670
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	220	90	135	16,405	7,185	9,215
Bachelor's degree	140	45	100	12,465	5,210	7,255
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	15	0	15	740	320	420
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	0	0	400	265	140
Master's degree	55	40	10	2,365	1,135	1,235
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	435	265	175
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	1,375	680	695	53,030	26,170	26,860
No certificate, diploma or degree	215	135	80	3,045	1,715	1,325
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	455	220	240	13,110	5,725	7,390
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	710	330	375	36,875	18,730	18,145
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	195	150	45	7,345	6,265	1,085
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	75	45	30	1,525	1,055	470
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	120	110	15	5,820	5,210	610
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	340	110	230	14,255	6,140	8,115
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	10	10	0	1,965	680	1,280
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	160	60	95	13,310	5,645	7,665
Bachelor's degree	100	30	75	10,210	4,165	6,045
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	10	505	195	310
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	10	0	345	220	125
Master's degree	40	30	10	1,945	880	1,065
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	305	185	120
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	2,175	1,060	1,115	78,475	38,960	39,510
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	1,240	625	610	32,240	15,315	16,920
Education	80	30	55	4,020	1,050	2,970
13. Education	80	30	55	4,020	1,050	2,970
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	40	10	30	985	360	625
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	10	0	240	160	75
50. Visual and performing arts	25	0	25	750	200	550
Humanities	40	15	30	1,270	535	740
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	80	30	55
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	0	230	55	175
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	10	400	135	265
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	65	40	25
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	10	0	325	205	120
54. History	10	0	10	140	65	75
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	25	10	20
Social and behavioural sciences and law	95	20	75	3,575	970	2,610
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	55	10	50
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	10	315	115	200
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	40	0	40	750	55	700
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	10	705	130	575
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	10	60	10	45
42. Psychology	10	0	10	800	255	540
45. Social sciences	25	20	10	900	390	505
Business, management and public administration	160	45	110	8,850	3,350	5,500
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	25	15	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	35	10	30	495	90	410
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	125	45	80	8,330	3,250	5,075
Physical and life sciences and technologies	15	10	10	1,780	975	805
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0	0	585	255	335
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	10	0	505	250	255
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	480	355	125
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	0	205	115	85
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	25	10	10	1,175	660	510
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	15	10	0	860	545	320
25. Library science	10	0	0	170	20	150
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	10	0	140	95	45
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	230	220	15	13,980	12,905	1,075
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	0	220	125	100
14. Engineering	15	10	0	1,970	1,635	335
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	20	20	0	3,025	2,635	395
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	65	60	0	3,585	3,475	110
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	90	90	0	3,210	3,130	80
48. Precision production	40	35	10	1,975	1,910	65
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	20	15	0	950	605	345
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	15	15	0	570	345	220
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	10	0	380	260	125
Health and related fields	165	30	135	7,420	1,225	6,200
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	20	15	10	530	225	305
51. Health professions and related programs	150	15	130	6,810	930	5,880
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	90	70	15
Personal, protective and transportation services	65	25	40	2,220	1,010	1,210
12. Personal and culinary services	30	0	35	1,305	275	1,030
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	20	15	10	550	400	150
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	10	0	355	325	25
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	1,375	680	700	53,030	26,170	26,855
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	665	350	320	16,160	7,445	8,715
Education	55	20	35	2,845	680	2,160
13. Education	55	20	35	2,840	680	2,160
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	35	10	30	770	275	495
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	180	125	55
50. Visual and performing arts	30	0	25	585	145	435
Humanities	25	10	10	970	410	560
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	0	70	20	50
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	170	40	130
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	0	335	125	205
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	55	35	20
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	215	135	80
54. History	10	0	0	105	50	55
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	25	0	20
Social and behavioural sciences and law	65	10	50	3,070	795	2,275
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	40	0	30
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	270	100	170
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	25	0	25	650	50	600
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	10	630	95	535
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	0	40	15	25
42. Psychology	0	0	10	655	205	455
45. Social sciences	15	10	0	795	335	455
Business, management and public administration	125	40	85	7,215	2,710	4,505
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	15	15	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	30	0	25	430	65	365
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	90	30	65	6,760	2,630	4,135
Physical and life sciences and technologies	10	10	0	1,385	735	660
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	490	200	290
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	370	185	190
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	360	255	105
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	0	165	90	70
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	15	10	0	945	510	440
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	20	10	0	730	435	290
25. Library science	0	0	0	135	15	120
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	75	55	25
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	185	175	0	11,270	10,330	940
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	165	75	90
14. Engineering	15	10	0	1,625	1,330	300
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	15	15	0	2,435	2,105	325
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	55	55	0	2,880	2,780	100
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	80	75	0	2,585	2,515	70
48. Precision production	25	20	0	1,580	1,525	60
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	20	10	0	775	495	280
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	10	10	10	445	270	175
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	10	0	330	220	110
Health and related fields	135	25	110	5,875	985	4,890
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	10	10	0	440	200	245
51. Health professions and related programs	120	15	100	5,355	720	4,635
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	80	60	15
Personal, protective and transportation services	50	15	35	1,760	815	940
12. Personal and culinary services	30	0	30	1,005	200	800
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	10	10	10	450	330	125
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	10	0	300	285	15
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	2,175	1,060	1,115	78,475	38,960	39,510
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,235	625	615	32,240	15,320	16,920
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	935	435	505	46,230	23,640	22,590
Location of study inside Canada	870	405	470	42,185	21,570	20,615
Same as province or territory of residence	835	380	455	34,625	17,735	16,890
Different than province or territory of residence	35	25	10	7,555	3,835	3,720
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	70	35	30	4,050	2,070	1,980
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	20	15	0	870	460	410
Philippines	35	15	20	730	270	460
India	0	0	0	305	175	130
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	710	430	280
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	85	40	40
France	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other	10	10	0	1,350	690	660
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	1,375	680	695	53,025	26,170	26,855
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	670	350	320	16,155	7,445	8,715
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	705	330	380	36,875	18,730	18,140
Location of study inside Canada	645	295	350	33,770	17,225	16,540
Same as province or territory of residence	615	275	340	28,035	14,275	13,760
Different than province or territory of residence	35	25	10	5,735	2,950	2,785
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	60	35	30	3,100	1,505	1,600
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	20	15	0	625	310	315
Philippines	35	15	25	685	255	435
India	0	0	0	260	140	120
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	440	270	175
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	85	40	40
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other	10	0	0	1,010	495	515
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	2,175	1,060	1,115	78,475	38,960	39,510
In the labour force	1,490	790	700	56,545	29,965	26,585
Employed	1,435	765	670	52,890	27,760	25,130
Unemployed	60	25	30	3,655	2,205	1,455
Not in the labour force	680	270	415	21,925	8,995	12,925
Participation rate	68.5	74.5	62.8	72.1	76.9	67.3
Employment rate	66.0	72.2	60.1	67.4	71.3	63.6
Unemployment rate	4.0	3.2	4.3	6.5	7.4	5.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	2,175	1,060	1,115	78,470	38,960	39,510
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	635	270	360	18,750	7,620	11,130
Worked	1,540	785	750	59,725	31,340	28,385
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	910	535	375	30,435	17,995	12,435
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	630	255	375	29,295	13,345	15,945
Average weeks worked in reference year	45.2	45.9	44.4	43.2	43.9	42.4
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	1,490	790	700	56,545	29,960	26,580
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	575	305	270
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	1,485	790	700	55,970	29,655	26,315
Employee	1,365	730	635	48,540	25,105	23,430
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	120	55	65	7,435	4,550	2,880
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	1,490	790	705	56,545	29,965	26,585
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	10	0	0	575	305	270
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	1,485	785	705	55,965	29,655	26,310
0 Management occupations	105	50	55	7,855	5,220	2,630
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	155	45	110	9,805	2,330	7,475
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	40	25	10	4,265	3,315	945
3 Health occupations	55	10	45	3,950	625	3,325
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	100	50	50	5,985	2,025	3,955
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	30	0	25	1,265	445	830
6 Sales and service occupations	320	85	235	10,135	4,285	5,850
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	360	340	20	9,670	8,910	760
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	10	10	0	1,355	1,045	305
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	320	175	150	1,680	1,445	230
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	1,490	790	700	56,545	29,960	26,580
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	10	0	580	305	270
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	1,485	785	705	55,970	29,655	26,315
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	20	10	10	805	465	340
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	2,360	1,920	440
22 Utilities	10	10	0	750	510	235
23 Construction	125	110	20	6,975	5,720	1,255
31-33 Manufacturing	480	305	175	4,115	3,145	970
41 Wholesale trade	60	30	25	2,550	1,870	680
44-45 Retail trade	175	55	115	5,715	2,600	3,115
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	55	45	10	2,525	1,765	760
51 Information and cultural industries	25	0	20	730	360	370
52 Finance and insurance	25	10	10	1,850	640	1,210
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	10	0	0	1,000	505	500
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	45	25	20	4,145	2,175	1,970
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	115	55	60
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	85	45	40	1,815	1,015	800
61 Educational services	80	45	30	3,995	1,075	2,920
62 Health care and social assistance	125	15	105	6,155	885	5,270
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	10	0	10	1,090	495	595
72 Accommodation and food services	65	10	60	2,600	1,045	1,555
81 Other services (except public administration)	65	35	30	2,555	1,255	1,305
91 Public administration	35	35	0	4,135	2,150	1,980
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	1,435	765	670	52,885	27,760	25,130
Worked at home	105	35	65	4,235	1,775	2,455
Worked outside Canada	10	10	0	150	110	45
No fixed workplace address	130	95	40	6,785	5,165	1,630
Worked at usual place	1,195	625	565	41,715	20,710	21,005
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	1,195	625	565	41,715	20,710	21,005
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	575	245	335	16,160	6,775	9,380
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	225	155	70	24,275	13,040	11,240
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	395	230	170	1,105	780	320
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	175	110	65
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	1,325	720	610	48,500	25,870	22,630
Car, truck, van - as a driver	1,045	555	490	42,450	23,275	19,170
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	65	50	15	1,955	740	1,215
Public transit	15	10	10	2,165	825	1,345
Walked	175	85	90	970	430	535
Bicycle	15	0	10	210	150	60
Other method	0	10	0	755	450	305
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	1,325	720	605	48,500	25,870	22,630
Less than 15 minutes	660	285	370	11,545	4,750	6,800
15 to 29 minutes	350	195	150	17,400	9,795	7,605
30 to 44 minutes	105	65	35	13,525	7,535	5,995
45 to 59 minutes	115	90	25	4,130	2,420	1,710
60 minutes and over	110	80	20	1,900	1,375	520
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	1,325	715	605	48,505	25,870	22,635
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	170	115	55	4,000	3,215	780
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	265	160	100	10,400	6,810	3,590
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	255	140	115	15,665	7,975	7,690
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	205	65	135	8,195	3,175	5,020
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	115	50	60	3,715	1,340	2,375
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	325	190	135	6,530	3,360	3,170
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	1,605	830	775	61,125	32,005	29,120
Single responses	1,610	830	775	60,955	31,950	29,005
Official languages	1,605	830	775	60,870	31,905	28,965
English	1,605	830	775	60,695	31,855	28,840
French	0	0	0	175	50	120
Non-official languages	0	0	0	85	45	45
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	85	40	45
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	40	15	20
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	10	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	10	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	15	0	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	10	10	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	25	10	10
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	25	10	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	170	60	115
English and French	0	0	0	75	20	50
English and non-official language	0	0	0	90	40	55
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	10
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	1,610	830	775	61,125	32,010	29,115
None	1,590	825	770	59,935	31,465	28,470
English	0	0	0	135	45	85
French	10	0	10	510	240	270
Non-official language	10	10	0	535	250	280
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	0	10	0	535	250	285
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	2,675	1,315	1,355	95,995	47,725	48,265
Non-movers	2,410	1,185	1,225	85,550	42,555	43,000
Movers	265	135	130	10,445	5,175	5,270
Non-migrants	100	40	60	5,875	2,915	2,960
Migrants	165	95	75	4,570	2,260	2,310
Internal migrants	120	65	60	4,050	1,980	2,070
Intraprovincial migrants	120	65	55	3,430	1,650	1,785
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	625	340	285
External migrants	45	30	15	515	275	240
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	2,550	1,250	1,305	91,655	45,490	46,165
Non-movers	1,805	905	900	59,205	29,500	29,700
Movers	745	345	405	32,455	15,995	16,460
Non-migrants	250	110	140	17,225	8,370	8,855
Migrants	495	235	260	15,230	7,620	7,605
Internal migrants	440	200	240	13,310	6,690	6,620
Intraprovincial migrants	440	195	240	10,175	4,980	5,190
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	3,135	1,710	1,430
External migrants	55	35	20	1,920	935	985

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Palmerston [Population centre], Ontario and Strathcona County, SM [Census subdivision], Alberta (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 3, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Palmerston [Population centre], Ontario and Strathcona County, Specialized municipality [Census subdivision], Alberta

Census Profile, 2016 Census Palmerston [Population centre], Ontario and Strathcona County, Specialized municipality [Census subdivision], Alberta

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Palmerston [Population centre], Ontario and Strathcona County, Specialized municipality [Census subdivision], Alberta