Census Profile, 2016 Census
Penticton [Population centre], British Columbia and Iles des Chenes, Unincorporated urban centre [Designated place], Manitoba

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Penticton British Columbia [Population centre]			Iles des Chenes, UUC Manitoba [Designated place]
	Data quality , Penticton [Population centre], British Columbia Map : Penticton [Population centre], British Columbia Change geography 1			Data quality : Iles des Chenes, Unincorporated urban centre [Designated place], Manitoba Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	33,617	...	...	1,546	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	32,823 ^r	...	...	1,253	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	2.4	...	...	23.4	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	16,726	...	...	609	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	15,652	...	...	592	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,343.2	...	...	755.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	25.03	...	...	2.05	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	33,615	15,790	17,830	1,550	810	740
0 to 14 years	3,940	2,020	1,920	305	160	140
0 to 4 years	1,205	625	580	110	50	60
5 to 9 years	1,400	690	705	80	40	40
10 to 14 years	1,335	700	635	110	70	40
15 to 64 years	19,650	9,335	10,320	1,115	570	540
15 to 19 years	1,605	770	830	115	65	50
20 to 24 years	1,515	780	735	120	55	60
25 to 29 years	1,550	765	790	150	80	70
30 to 34 years	1,680	810	865	100	50	55
35 to 39 years	1,640	805	830	100	60	45
40 to 44 years	1,670	780	890	100	45	60
45 to 49 years	1,910	875	1,035	125	65	60
50 to 54 years	2,405	1,115	1,290	130	65	65
55 to 59 years	2,940	1,360	1,580	105	60	45
60 to 64 years	2,735	1,265	1,470	70	30	40
65 years and over	10,025	4,435	5,590	130	75	55
65 to 69 years	2,605	1,230	1,380	55	35	20
70 to 74 years	2,170	1,005	1,170	45	25	15
75 to 79 years	1,835	770	1,065	15	10	10
80 to 84 years	1,615	745	865	5	5	0
85 years and over	1,805	685	1,115	5	5	5
85 to 89 years	1,110	460	645	5	0	0
90 to 94 years	520	175	345	5	0	0
95 to 99 years	150	45	110	0	0	0
100 years and over	20	10	15	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	11.7	12.8	10.8	19.7	19.8	18.9
15 to 64 years	58.5	59.1	57.9	71.9	70.4	73.0
65 years and over	29.8	28.1	31.4	8.4	9.3	7.4
85 years and over	5.4	4.3	6.3	0.3	0.6	0.7
Average age of the population	49.1	47.7	50.3	35.3	35.4	35.3
Median age of the population	52.8	51.3	54.0	34.2	34.1	34.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	15,650	...	...	590	...	...
Single-detached house	6,880	...	...	410	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	950	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	7,125	...	...	170	...	...
Semi-detached house	585	...	...	10	...	...
Row house	1,390	...	...	80	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	755	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	4,285	...	...	80	...	...
Other single-attached house	105	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	705	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	15,650	...	...	590	...	...
1 person	5,690	...	...	125	...	...
2 persons	6,195	...	...	215	...	...
3 persons	1,810	...	...	85	...	...
4 persons	1,275	...	...	115	...	...
5 or more persons	675	...	...	50	...	...
Number of persons in private households	32,340	...	...	1,545	...	...
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	29,680	13,770	15,905	1,245	645	595
Married or living common law	16,305	8,130	8,175	785	390	395
Married	13,470	6,715	6,755	650	325	325
Living common law	2,835	1,415	1,425	135	65	70
Not married and not living common law	13,370	5,640	7,735	460	255	205
Never married	6,545	3,480	3,065	335	195	140
Separated	1,035	440	595	40	20	25
Divorced	2,970	1,115	1,855	55	30	30
Widowed	2,825	605	2,220	25	5	15
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	9,505	...	...	455	...	...
2 persons	6,260	...	...	210	...	...
3 persons	1,685	...	...	90	...	...
4 persons	1,155	...	...	110	...	...
5 or more persons	405	...	...	45	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	9,500	...	...	450	...	...
Total couple families	7,920	...	...	390	...	...
Married couples	6,500	...	...	325	...	...
Common-law couples	1,420	...	...	65	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,590	...	...	65	...	...
Female parent	1,260	...	...	50	...	...
Male parent	325	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	7,915	...	...	385	...	...
Couples without children	5,225	...	...	175	...	...
Couples with children	2,690	...	...	210	...	...
1 child	1,260	...	...	75	...	...
2 children	1,045	...	...	100	...	...
3 or more children	380	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,590	...	...	65	...	...
1 child	1,030	...	...	35	...	...
2 children	420	...	...	15	...	...
3 or more children	135	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	8,000	3,440	4,565	195	120	75
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	15,650	...	...	590	...	...
One-census-family households	9,070	...	...	435	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	5,045	...	...	170	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	4,030	...	...	270	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	215	...	...	5	...	...
Non-census-family households	6,365	...	...	150	...	...
One-person households	5,690	...	...	125	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	680	...	...	20	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	32,895	15,525	17,370	1,545	810	740
English only	30,605	14,535	16,070	975	515	460
French only	20	5	15	20	10	10
English and French	2,095	920	1,175	555	285	270
Neither English nor French	180	70	110	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	32,900	15,525	17,370	1,550	805	740
English	32,120	15,180	16,940	1,185	635	555
French	560	270	295	365	175	190
English and French	40	15	25	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	175	60	110	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	585	275	310	365	175	185
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.8	1.8	1.8	23.5	21.7	25.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	32,895	15,525	17,370	1,550	810	740
Single responses	32,555	15,370	17,180	1,520	795	725
Official languages	29,080	13,835	15,250	1,465	770	695
English	28,465	13,545	14,915	1,085	585	505
French	615	280	335	375	185	190
Non-official languages	3,475	1,540	1,935	55	25	30
Aboriginal languages	15	10	5	0	0	5
Algonquian languages	5	5	0	0	0	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	5	0	5	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	5	0	5	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,460	1,535	1,930	55	25	30
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	25	10	10	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	70	30	45	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	65	25	40	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	205	70	130	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	0	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	180	65	115	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	5	0	0	0
Telugu	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,700	1,225	1,475	40	20	20
Albanian	20	5	10	0	0	0
Armenian	0	5	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	415	155	260	15	5	10
Baltic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	415	155	255	10	5	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Czech	45	15	30	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	70	20	45	5	0	5
Russian	80	30	45	0	0	0
Serbian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	20	5	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	115	40	70	5	0	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,060	480	580	25	10	10
Afrikaans	25	5	15	0	0	0
Danish	35	15	25	0	0	0
Dutch	225	100	125	0	5	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	725	340	390	20	10	10
Icelandic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	5	10	0	0	0
Swedish	30	15	20	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	50	20	25	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	665	325	340	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	650	310	335	0	0	0
Bengali	10	0	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	25	10	15	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	5	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	5	5	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	605	290	315	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Urdu	5	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	20	10	5	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	480	230	255	5	0	0
Catalan	0	5	0	0	0	0
Italian	135	65	65	5	0	0
Portuguese	215	105	115	5	0	0
Romanian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Spanish	120	50	65	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	40	15	25	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	65	30	35	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	5	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	5	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	150	60	90	0	0	0
Chinese languages	150	60	90	0	0	0
Cantonese	85	35	55	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	5	0	0	0
Mandarin	45	20	25	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	5	10	5	5	0
Lao	0	0	0	5	5	0
Thai	15	5	10	5	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	150	70	85	5	0	5
Estonian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Finnish	30	10	15	0	0	0
Hungarian	115	50	60	0	5	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	345	155	185	30	10	15
English and French	80	40	35	15	5	5
English and non-official language	250	105	140	10	0	5
French and non-official language	10	10	0	5	5	5
English, French and non-official language	5	0	5	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	32,895	15,530	17,370	1,550	805	740
Single responses	32,320	15,285	17,040	1,530	800	725
Official languages	31,155	14,750	16,405	1,510	790	720
English	30,980	14,675	16,305	1,335	710	625
French	180	80	100	175	80	90
Non-official languages	1,165	530	635	15	10	10
Aboriginal languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,165	530	635	20	5	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	5	5	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	40	20	20	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	40	15	25	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	85	45	40	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	5	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	75	40	35	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	5	5	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	835	380	455	10	5	5
Albanian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	80	35	45	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	85	35	45	0	0	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Czech	15	10	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	10	10	5	0	5
Russian	10	5	10	0	0	0
Serbian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Slovak	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	130	60	75	5	0	0
Afrikaans	10	5	5	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	5	0	0	0
Dutch	25	10	15	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	90	45	50	5	0	5
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	15	5	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	455	220	240	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	450	215	235	0	0	0
Bengali	5	0	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	10	0	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	5	5	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	425	205	220	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	5	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	135	60	80	5	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Portuguese	85	35	50	0	0	0
Romanian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Spanish	25	10	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	5	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	50	25	25	5	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	5	0	5	5	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	5	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	80	35	45	0	0	0
Chinese languages	85	35	45	0	0	0
Cantonese	45	20	25	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	25	10	20	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	30	10	20	5	5	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	20	5	20	5	5	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	580	245	330	20	10	10
English and French	45	20	25	5	5	5
English and non-official language	525	225	305	10	5	5
French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	5	5	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	32,900	15,525	17,370	1,545	805	740
None	31,015	14,690	16,325	1,230	655	580
English	540	250	290	110	55	55
French	330	140	190	185	95	90
Non-official language	990	435	555	20	10	15
Aboriginal	30	10	20	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	960	425	535	25	5	20
English and French	0	0	5	0	0	0
English and non-official language	5	0	5	0	0	0
French and non-official language	15	5	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	28,415	13,270	15,150	1,240	645	600
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,855	13,010	14,840	1,185	610	575
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,291	35,998	26,374	42,012	49,664	35,264
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,885	13,035	14,845	1,185	610	575
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,629	31,910	24,730	36,352	41,515	31,168
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	24,910	11,760	13,145	1,140	585	545
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,612	32,134	21,177	39,979	47,659	32,896
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	21,535	9,400	12,140	785	350	435
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	10,089	10,938	9,609	2,616	1,268	3,428
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	18,945	9,295	9,650	1,020	535	490
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,916	30,816	22,464	40,755	48,832	33,216
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	28,620	13,425	15,195	1,210	635	575
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	28,105	13,185	14,920	1,155	600	555
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,015	49,865	33,196	46,816	54,376	38,622
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	28,145	13,205	14,935	1,150	600	550
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,183	41,685	29,434	38,342	43,465	32,790
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	25,065	11,890	13,180	1,100	585	515
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,714	47,331	29,037	44,497	52,427	35,500
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	21,740	9,625	12,115	760	335	430
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,541	9,839	9,305	6,800	6,138	7,318
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	19,150	9,410	9,740	970	520	455
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,693	40,461	29,126	45,454	52,705	37,140
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	28,615	13,425	15,195	1,210	635	575
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	7,210	3,790	3,420	560	340	215
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	47,432	52,397	42,636	53,386	57,592	51,061
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	55,528	61,643	48,752	62,971	65,342	59,255
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	81.5	85.2	77.0	91.9	94.6	88.0
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	59.9	62.9	56.3	83.8	85.5	81.1
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	18.5	14.8	23.0	8.2	5.9	11.7
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	28,415	13,270	15,145	1,240	640	600
Without total income	565	260	305	50	30	25
With total income	27,855	13,015	14,845	1,190	610	575
Percentage with total income	98.0	98.1	98.0	96.0	95.3	95.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,175	1,265	1,915	130	55	75
$10,000 to $19,999	5,750	2,225	3,525	150	60	85
$20,000 to $29,999	4,870	1,965	2,900	135	50	95
$30,000 to $39,999	3,870	1,690	2,175	125	65	60
$40,000 to $49,999	3,055	1,475	1,575	165	75	85
$50,000 to $59,999	2,115	1,145	970	125	70	55
$60,000 to $69,999	1,495	905	585	105	75	35
$70,000 to $79,999	1,030	630	400	75	50	25
$80,000 to $89,999	710	440	270	55	35	20
$90,000 to $99,999	485	310	175	35	20	10
$100,000 and over	1,290	955	335	75	55	20
$100,000 to $149,999	895	655	240	50	35	15
$150,000 and over	395	300	100	25	20	5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	28,420	13,270	15,145	1,240	645	595
Without after-tax income	535	240	300	55	35	20
With after-tax income	27,880	13,035	14,845	1,185	615	575
Percentage with after-tax income	98.1	98.2	98.0	95.6	95.3	96.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,365	1,350	2,015	140	60	80
$10,000 to $19,999	6,050	2,425	3,625	155	60	95
$20,000 to $29,999	5,760	2,355	3,405	175	70	100
$30,000 to $39,999	4,390	2,020	2,370	210	95	110
$40,000 to $49,999	3,030	1,540	1,485	175	100	75
$50,000 to $59,999	1,950	1,145	810	135	90	45
$60,000 to $69,999	1,215	740	470	95	60	35
$70,000 to $79,999	785	500	280	50	25	25
$80,000 and over	1,335	950	385	55	45	10
$80,000 to $89,999	435	295	140	20	15	5
$90,000 to $99,999	255	185	70	10	10	0
$100,000 and over	640	470	170	25	20	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	28,415	13,270	15,145	1,240	645	600
Without employment income	9,470	3,975	5,495	220	115	110
With employment income	18,945	9,295	9,650	1,020	530	490
Percentage with employment income	66.7	70.0	63.7	82.3	82.2	81.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	3,890	1,780	2,110	95	40	50
$5,000 to $9,999	1,635	725	905	65	15	45
$10,000 to $19,999	2,570	1,075	1,490	120	60	65
$20,000 to $29,999	2,300	990	1,310	95	35	60
$30,000 to $39,999	2,090	910	1,175	115	50	65
$40,000 to $49,999	1,735	825	910	125	75	55
$50,000 to $59,999	1,305	705	595	100	55	45
$60,000 to $69,999	965	590	375	100	65	35
$70,000 to $79,999	715	430	285	70	45	25
$80,000 and over	1,750	1,260	490	135	95	40
$80,000 to $89,999	520	330	190	45	25	15
$90,000 to $99,999	370	260	110	30	25	10
$100,000 and over	860	670	185	65	50	15
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	15,655	...	...	590	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	54,293	...	...	84,173	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	48,526	...	...	70,656	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	5,690	...	...	125	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,135	...	...	46,464	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	26,967	...	...	38,016	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	9,960	...	...	470	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	73,882	...	...	95,616	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	65,536	...	...	80,640	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	15,770	...	...	600	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	73,099	...	...	90,097	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	62,794	...	...	73,790	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	5,720	...	...	140	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	37,423	...	...	51,298	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,806	...	...	41,290	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	10,050	...	...	460	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	93,387	...	...	101,880	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	79,848	...	...	83,660	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	15,650	...	...	595	...	...
Under $5,000	155	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	170	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	605	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	930	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,025	...	...	15	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	840	...	...	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	935	...	...	10	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	945	...	...	15	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	840	...	...	25	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	760	...	...	20	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,390	...	...	60	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,170	...	...	45	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,055	...	...	50	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	835	...	...	50	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	705	...	...	35	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,290	...	...	225	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,340	...	...	75	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	790	...	...	60	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	705	...	...	55	...	...
$200,000 and over	450	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	15,655	...	...	590	...	...
Under $5,000	175	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	175	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	615	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	960	...	...	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,185	...	...	25	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	995	...	...	15	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,130	...	...	10	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,030	...	...	25	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	965	...	...	40	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	810	...	...	30	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,505	...	...	55	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,315	...	...	65	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,015	...	...	60	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	810	...	...	45	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	715	...	...	40	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,245	...	...	155	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,100	...	...	80	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	550	...	...	40	...	...
$150,000 and over	590	...	...	35	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	9,445	...	...	450	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	73,437	...	...	95,360	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	65,147	...	...	80,640	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.6	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	4,965	...	...	170	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,321	...	...	88,448	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	60,742	...	...	73,856	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	2,710	...	...	215	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	105,894	...	...	116,480	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	91,827	...	...	97,536	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,500	...	...	60	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,120	...	...	58,240	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	42,037	...	...	48,640	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	9,550	...	...	440	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	93,409	...	...	103,229	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	79,679	...	...	84,661	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	5,040	...	...	180	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	80,274	...	...	90,147	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	69,078	...	...	74,682	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	2,715	...	...	200	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	142,195	...	...	131,667	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	118,575	...	...	106,030	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,540	...	...	60	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,796	...	...	55,923	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,521	...	...	49,660	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	7,355	3,160	4,190	175	115	60
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	27,442	27,383	27,477	42,048	48,640	34,944
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	25,686	25,579	25,743	36,480	40,704	30,912
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	7,395	3,190	4,210	175	110	70
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	35,272	36,650	34,228	47,810	58,052	32,102
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	31,027	31,766	30,466	38,863	45,821	28,192
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	32,340	15,280	17,060	1,545	805	740
In the bottom half of the distribution	18,890	8,550	10,335	670	335	330
In the bottom decile	3,510	1,645	1,860	90	45	45
In the second decile	4,380	1,845	2,530	115	55	60
In the third decile	3,905	1,735	2,170	115	55	60
In the fourth decile	3,590	1,670	1,925	175	80	90
In the fifth decile	3,510	1,650	1,855	170	95	80
In the top half of the distribution	13,450	6,735	6,725	880	470	410
In the sixth decile	3,325	1,615	1,700	225	125	105
In the seventh decile	2,985	1,450	1,535	200	100	95
In the eighth decile	2,720	1,400	1,315	180	100	85
In the ninth decile	2,545	1,285	1,255	175	95	75
In the top decile	1,885	975	910	100	50	50
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	31,295	14,790	16,510	1,545	805	740
0 to 17 years	4,820	2,435	2,390	375	200	175
0 to 5 years	1,445	735	705	135	70	70
18 to 64 years	18,045	8,560	9,490	1,045	530	515
65 years and over	8,430	3,795	4,635	130	75	60
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	5,305	2,285	3,020	145	80	65
0 to 17 years	1,005	500	505	50	25	20
0 to 5 years	310	140	165	25	15	10
18 to 64 years	2,865	1,265	1,605	80	45	35
65 years and over	1,430	520	915	10	5	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	17.0	15.4	18.3	9.4	9.9	8.8
0 to 17 years (%)	20.9	20.5	21.1	13.3	12.5	11.4
0 to 5 years (%)	21.5	19.0	23.4	18.5	21.4	14.3
18 to 64 years (%)	15.9	14.8	16.9	7.7	8.5	6.8
65 years and over (%)	17.0	13.7	19.7	7.7	6.7	8.3
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	2,630	1,295	1,335	55	30	25
0 to 17 years	485	235	255	20	15	10
0 to 5 years	145	65	80	5	0	5
18 to 64 years	1,955	985	965	30	20	15
65 years and over	185	70	115	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	8.4	8.8	8.1	3.6	3.7	3.4
0 to 17 years (%)	10.1	9.7	10.7	5.3	7.5	5.7
0 to 5 years (%)	10.0	8.8	11.3	3.7	0.0	7.1
18 to 64 years (%)	10.8	11.5	10.2	2.9	3.8	2.9
65 years and over (%)	2.2	1.8	2.5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	32,605	15,445	17,160	1,535	820	715
Official languages	32,425	15,395	17,030	1,530	815	715
English	32,400	15,380	17,025	1,495	795	700
French	2,125	945	1,180	520	270	245
Non-official languages	4,360	1,900	2,460	70	20	50
Aboriginal languages	45	15	35	10	0	15
Algonquian languages	15	0	15	10	0	15
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	15	0	15	10	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	10	0	10	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	0	10	10	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	10	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	10	0	10	0	0	0
Okanagan	25	10	15	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	4,310	1,885	2,430	55	20	40
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	10	15	10	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	25	10	15	0	0	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	25	10	10	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	80	40	40	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	75	45	30	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	270	65	210	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	15	0	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	255	55	200	10	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	15	10	15	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	15	15	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	10	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,370	1,555	1,815	50	20	30
Albanian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	410	170	235	15	0	10
Baltic languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages	410	175	230	10	10	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Czech	55	25	30	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	95	45	55	0	0	0
Russian	115	45	70	0	0	0
Serbian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	35	10	25	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	70	30	40	10	0	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	10	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,120	520	600	20	0	15
Afrikaans	55	25	30	0	0	0
Danish	30	0	25	0	0	0
Dutch	235	110	125	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	825	405	420	25	10	15
Icelandic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	15	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	40	20	25	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	805	405	405	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	785	385	400	0	0	0
Bengali	0	10	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	100	55	45	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	10	10	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	740	365	380	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	15	10	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	25	15	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	20	20	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,030	460	565	15	10	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	230	120	110	0	10	0
Portuguese	260	130	135	0	0	0
Romanian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Spanish	595	260	335	10	10	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	90	40	55	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	80	30	50	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
American Sign Language	20	10	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	145	65	85	0	0	0
Chinese languages	145	65	80	0	0	0
Cantonese	65	20	40	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	80	30	50	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	25	10	10	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	25	10	15	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	180	60	120	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	25	0	25	0	0	0
Hungarian	155	60	100	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	32,610	15,450	17,160	1,530	815	715
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	31,425	14,850	16,580	1,495	795	705
Canadian citizens aged under 18	4,795	2,420	2,370	380	215	160
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	26,635	12,430	14,210	1,125	580	545
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	1,180	600	585	30	25	10
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	32,605	15,445	17,160	1,530	815	710
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	27,830	13,235	14,600	1,475	785	690
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	4,665	2,155	2,515	55	35	25
Before 1981	2,655	1,290	1,365	20	10	15
1981 to 1990	460	175	285	10	10	0
1991 to 2000	600	215	385	0	0	0
2001 to 2010	585	275	310	0	0	0
2001 to 2005	220	110	100	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	365	165	205	0	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	370	195	175	25	15	15
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	105	60	50	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	4,665	2,150	2,510	55	35	25
Under 5 years	475	265	220	15	0	10
5 to 14 years	695	295	400	15	10	0
15 to 24 years	1,220	540	675	10	10	0
25 to 44 years	1,860	880	975	20	10	15
45 years and over	420	175	240	0	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	4,665	2,155	2,510	55	30	20
Americas	615	290	325	10	0	0
Brazil	15	10	10	0	0	0
Colombia	10	10	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	10	10	0	0	0	0
Guyana	10	0	10	0	0	0
Haiti	10	0	10	0	0	0
Jamaica	15	0	15	0	0	0
Mexico	35	15	20	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	10	10	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	410	195	210	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Americas	95	50	40	0	0	0
Europe	2,650	1,285	1,370	50	30	20
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	10	10	0	0	0
Croatia	35	25	15	0	0	0
France	45	30	15	25	20	10
Germany	405	210	200	10	10	0
Greece	25	15	10	0	0	0
Hungary	110	40	70	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	35	15	20	0	0	10
Italy	110	65	45	0	0	0
Netherlands	195	105	95	0	0	0
Poland	80	30	50	10	0	0
Portugal	210	105	100	0	0	0
Romania	45	20	20	0	0	0
Russian Federation	20	10	15	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	45	10	35	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	1,015	475	540	0	10	10
Other places of birth in Europe	250	115	135	0	0	0
Africa	125	50	75	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	10	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	90	35	55	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	20	10	10	0	0	0
Asia	1,165	455	705	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	85	45	45	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	50	15	30	0	0	0
India	525	255	270	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Iraq	15	10	10	0	0	0
Japan	20	0	20	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	75	30	40	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	245	40	205	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	40	20	25	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	70	25	45	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	115	80	35	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	370	195	175	25	15	10
Americas	40	15	25	0	0	0
Brazil	10	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	10	10	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	20	10	15	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	110	60	50	25	15	15
France	0	0	0	30	20	10
Germany	15	15	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	30	20	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	55	30	30	0	0	0
Africa	15	15	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	10	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	10	0	0	0	0
Asia	165	75	90	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	70	40	30	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Philippines	45	10	35	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	40	30	0	0	0	0
Australia	30	30	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	32,605	15,450	17,160	1,530	820	715
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	4,990	2,335	2,655	60	35	20
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	6,995	3,310	3,680	145	75	70
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	20,625	9,800	10,825	1,330	705	625
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	2,075	885	1,190	35	25	10
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	865	370	490	30	20	15
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	460	255	210	10	0	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	400	120	280	25	15	10
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	1,085	440	640	0	10	0
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	110	70	45	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	10	0	15	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	32,605	15,445	17,160	1,530	820	710
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	2,215	1,045	1,165	425	250	175
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	2,125	990	1,135	420	245	175
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	920	405	515	100	60	40
Métis	1,170	555	615	320	185	140
Inuk (Inuit)	40	30	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	70	50	20	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	30,395	14,405	15,995	1,110	570	540
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	32,605	15,450	17,160	1,530	820	710
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	585	280	305	105	60	45
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	32,020	15,170	16,855	1,425	755	670
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	32,605	15,450	17,160	1,530	815	715
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	330	160	175	105	60	45
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	315	150	165	105	60	50
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	195	90	105	55	35	25
Métis single ancestry	110	55	55	50	30	20
Inuit single ancestry	10	10	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	15	10	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15	10	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	2,295	1,055	1,240	290	160	125
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	2,210	1,045	1,170	275	155	125
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,270	580	695	40	20	20
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	910	440	465	235	135	95
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	20	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	85	10	75	15	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	85	15	70	15	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	29,980	14,235	15,750	1,135	595	540
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	32,605	15,445	17,160	1,530	815	715
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	2,265	1,015	1,250	25	10	15
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	920	450	470	0	0	0
Chinese	250	125	120	0	0	0
Black	105	30	70	0	0	0
Filipino	345	95	250	10	0	0
Latin American	100	45	55	0	10	0
Arab	30	15	10	10	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	145	65	75	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	20	15	0	0	0	0
Korean	100	40	60	0	0	0
Japanese	155	70	90	10	0	15
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	25	0	20	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	65	45	15	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	30,345	14,435	15,910	1,505	805	695
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	32,605	15,445	17,160	1,530	815	710
North American Aboriginal origins	2,625	1,215	1,410	395	225	175
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,570	685	880	110	60	50
Inuit	35	30	10	0	0	10
Métis	1,120	515	605	300	170	125
Other North American origins	8,955	4,245	4,710	560	295	260
Acadian	75	30	50	0	0	0
American	685	355	335	20	10	10
Canadian	8,450	3,980	4,470	540	285	255
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	25	10	15	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	26,640	12,520	14,120	1,260	660	600
British Isles origins	17,915	8,480	9,435	575	290	290
Channel Islander	10	10	10	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	10	0	0	0
English	11,585	5,545	6,035	350	160	185
Irish	6,290	2,775	3,510	150	70	75
Manx	15	0	10	0	0	0
Scottish	7,755	3,645	4,105	315	135	180
Welsh	910	430	480	20	10	20
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	800	350	445	0	0	0
French origins	3,980	1,715	2,265	710	380	330
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	3,980	1,715	2,265	710	380	330
Western European origins (except French origins)	8,370	3,735	4,640	375	215	160
Austrian	545	215	335	0	0	0
Bavarian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Belgian	180	75	105	110	75	30
Dutch	1,990	880	1,110	30	10	20
Flemish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	10	0	0	0	0
German	6,150	2,700	3,450	250	135	115
Luxembourger	10	10	10	0	0	0
Swiss	250	130	125	10	0	10
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	3,170	1,395	1,770	65	35	30
Danish	455	170	285	10	10	10
Finnish	275	135	145	10	10	0
Icelandic	250	110	130	20	15	0
Norwegian	1,405	620	780	0	10	0
Swedish	1,030	445	580	25	10	10
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	110	70	45	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	5,190	2,355	2,835	310	185	120
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Czech	165	95	75	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	90	30	60	0	0	0
Estonian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Hungarian	715	295	415	0	0	0
Latvian	25	20	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	60	30	30	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Polish	1,305	575	730	115	65	45
Romanian	235	100	135	10	0	0
Russian	1,115	475	640	50	25	30
Slovak	130	70	65	0	0	0
Ukrainian	2,220	1,060	1,165	235	155	75
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	2,350	1,135	1,215	30	20	15
Albanian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	165	75	85	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	150	80	70	0	0	0
Italian	1,250	600	650	15	10	10
Kosovar	10	0	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	10	15	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	500	255	245	15	10	0
Serbian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	25	0	20	0	0	0
Spanish	265	100	170	10	0	10
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	60	30	30	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	215	90	125	0	10	10
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	70	30	35	0	10	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	145	65	85	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	80	30	50	0	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	10	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Jamaican	25	20	10	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	15	0	20	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	295	165	135	10	0	10
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	15	10	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	30	20	10	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	30	20	15	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	115	60	55	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Paraguayan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	30	30	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	15	0	10	0	0	0
African origins	260	120	140	25	10	10
Central and West African origins	10	0	10	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	10	0	0	0
North African origins	10	10	10	20	10	10
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	10	0	0	20	10	10
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	10	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	80	35	50	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	80	30	50	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other African origins	170	85	85	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	35	15	15	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	130	65	65	0	0	0
Asian origins	2,245	1,030	1,210	10	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	140	70	65	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Armenian	20	0	10	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	15	15	10	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	25	20	10	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	25	25	0	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	20	10	15	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	915	450	470	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	780	375	405	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	15	15	10	0	0	0
Punjabi	140	70	70	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,180	500	675	0	10	10
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	25	10	20	0	0	0
Chinese	375	200	180	0	0	0
Filipino	400	115	285	10	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	185	85	100	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	100	40	60	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	10	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	35	15	20	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	105	65	40	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Oceania origins	185	85	100	0	0	0
Australian	105	50	50	0	0	0
New Zealander	25	20	10	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	60	15	45	0	0	0
Fijian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hawaiian	20	10	20	0	0	0
Maori	10	10	10	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	15,770	...	...	600	...	...
Owner	10,195	...	...	495	...	...
Renter	5,575	...	...	110	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	15,770	...	...	600	...	...
Condominium	3,655	...	...	85	...	...
Not condominium	12,120	...	...	515	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	15,770	...	...	595	...	...
No bedrooms	135	...	...	10	...	...
1 bedroom	2,320	...	...	25	...	...
2 bedrooms	6,015	...	...	120	...	...
3 bedrooms	4,155	...	...	280	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,140	...	...	175	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	15,770	...	...	600	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	5,025	...	...	95	...	...
5 rooms	3,145	...	...	115	...	...
6 rooms	2,075	...	...	100	...	...
7 rooms	1,660	...	...	105	...	...
8 or more rooms	3,870	...	...	180	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.9	...	...	6.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	15,770	...	...	600	...	...
One person or fewer per room	15,680	...	...	590	...	...
More than 1 person per room	90	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	15,770	...	...	600	...	...
Suitable	15,320	...	...	580	...	...
Not suitable	450	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	15,770	...	...	600	...	...
1960 or before	2,815	...	...	35	...	...
1961 to 1980	5,145	...	...	190	...	...
1981 to 1990	2,610	...	...	70	...	...
1991 to 2000	2,580	...	...	95	...	...
2001 to 2005	805	...	...	10	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,125	...	...	25	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	690	...	...	165	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	15,770	...	...	600	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	14,805	...	...	540	...	...
Major repairs needed	965	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	15,770	...	...	600	...	...
1 household maintainer	9,615	...	...	355	...	...
2 household maintainers	5,805	...	...	230	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	350	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	15,770	...	...	600	...	...
15 to 24 years	405	...	...	10	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,485	...	...	130	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,740	...	...	130	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,585	...	...	140	...	...
55 to 64 years	3,420	...	...	90	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,890	...	...	70	...	...
75 to 84 years	2,225	...	...	25	...	...
85 years and over	1,020	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	15,160	...	...	600	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	10,860	...	...	525	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	4,300	...	...	70	...	...
30% to less than 100%	3,885	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	9,630	...	...	490	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	53.4	...	...	66.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	16.1	...	...	6.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	795	...	...	1,074	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,025	...	...	1,050	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	359,739	...	...	265,372	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	388,069	...	...	271,125	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	5,540	...	...	105	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	14.4	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	49.7	...	...	36.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	904	...	...	1,458	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,033	...	...	1,322	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	28,615	13,420	15,200	1,215	635	575
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,385	2,690	2,700	260	165	95
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	8,815	3,960	4,855	390	195	195
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	14,420	6,775	7,640	565	275	290
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,375	2,380	995	135	100	35
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,500	820	685	45	20	25
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,875	1,560	320	90	75	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	6,175	2,200	3,970	245	115	130
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	835	295	535	40	15	25
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	4,040	1,900	2,135	150	45	100
Bachelor's degree	2,665	1,205	1,455	120	35	80
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	285	125	155	15	10	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	140	75	70	0	0	0
Master's degree	835	400	435	20	0	15
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	115	95	25	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	16,395	7,675	8,715	875	460	415
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,040	1,145	895	100	70	30
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	4,940	2,375	2,570	275	150	125
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	9,410	4,155	5,250	495	240	255
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,960	1,365	595	115	90	30
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	920	485	430	40	20	20
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,045	880	165	80	65	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,070	1,410	2,660	220	105	110
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	485	160	320	35	10	25
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	2,895	1,220	1,670	125	40	85
Bachelor's degree	1,935	805	1,130	105	40	70
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	230	110	120	10	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	110	50	60	0	0	0
Master's degree	550	210	345	15	0	10
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	65	45	15	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	28,620	13,420	15,195	1,210	635	575
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	14,200	6,645	7,555	645	360	280
Education	1,260	385	880	45	10	40
13. Education	1,260	385	880	45	10	40
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	420	190	235	10	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	120	95	30	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	300	95	205	10	0	10
Humanities	560	220	335	25	10	15
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	35	0	30	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	155	65	90	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	160	50	105	10	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	30	10	20	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	65	40	25	10	0	15
54. History	95	45	50	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	20	10	15	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,185	410	780	35	15	25
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	10	10	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	65	20	50	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	315	35	285	10	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	205	75	130	10	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	30	10	20	0	0	0
42. Psychology	210	65	145	10	10	0
45. Social sciences	345	205	140	10	10	0
Business, management and public administration	2,690	920	1,770	115	45	70
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	0	15	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	215	35	180	20	0	15
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,460	880	1,580	100	45	55
Physical and life sciences and technologies	385	230	160	10	10	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	170	95	70	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	65	45	25	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	95	70	25	10	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	55	20	35	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	250	170	80	30	15	15
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	160	135	25	30	15	15
25. Library science	40	0	40	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	40	15	15	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	15	15	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,190	2,945	245	150	140	15
04. Architecture and related services	65	30	40	10	0	10
14. Engineering	230	200	30	10	10	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	565	490	75	30	30	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	910	860	50	50	45	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	905	885	25	35	40	0
48. Precision production	505	480	25	15	15	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	330	215	115	10	10	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	215	115	95	10	10	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	110	95	20	0	0	0
Health and related fields	2,945	540	2,405	90	10	80
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	255	150	105	10	0	10
51. Health professions and related programs	2,645	365	2,275	80	0	75
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	45	20	25	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,200	555	640	45	25	20
12. Personal and culinary services	825	220	605	15	0	20
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	20	20	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	120	95	25	20	15	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	235	220	15	0	10	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	16,395	7,675	8,715	875	460	410
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	6,985	3,520	3,465	375	220	155
Education	750	200	555	35	0	35
13. Education	750	200	550	30	0	30
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	295	120	175	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	65	50	15	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	225	65	160	0	0	0
Humanities	365	150	215	25	0	15
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	20	10	20	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	110	45	65	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	95	35	60	10	10	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	10	10	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	35	25	15	15	0	15
54. History	70	25	40	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	15	0	10	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	860	270	595	35	15	20
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	10	10	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	60	20	45	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	200	20	185	0	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	145	45	100	10	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	10	10	0	0	0
42. Psychology	155	30	125	10	0	10
45. Social sciences	265	140	120	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	1,690	520	1,170	110	40	70
30.16 Accounting and computer science	20	10	15	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	165	20	150	20	0	20
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,505	500	1,005	90	40	50
Physical and life sciences and technologies	240	125	115	10	10	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	125	70	60	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	30	20	10	10	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	55	35	20	10	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	30	0	25	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	210	145	65	30	15	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	145	115	25	35	20	15
25. Library science	30	0	25	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	25	10	15	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,975	1,780	195	130	120	15
04. Architecture and related services	45	10	35	0	0	0
14. Engineering	175	145	30	10	10	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	385	330	55	20	20	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	570	530	45	45	45	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	530	505	20	35	35	0
48. Precision production	265	250	10	10	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	230	145	85	10	10	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	150	80	70	10	10	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	80	65	20	0	0	0
Health and related fields	1,990	365	1,630	65	10	50
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	185	110	75	0	0	10
51. Health professions and related programs	1,770	240	1,540	60	0	55
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	35	15	20	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	800	360	440	45	20	20
12. Personal and culinary services	545	140	405	20	0	15
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	105	85	20	20	15	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	150	140	15	10	10	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	28,615	13,420	15,200	1,210	635	580
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	14,200	6,645	7,555	645	360	285
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	14,420	6,775	7,640	565	275	295
Location of study inside Canada	12,340	5,635	6,700	560	275	290
Same as province or territory of residence	8,760	3,950	4,810	520	240	280
Different than province or territory of residence	3,575	1,690	1,890	45	30	15
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	2,080	1,135	945	0	0	10
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	540	350	195	10	0	10
Philippines	120	25	95	0	0	0
India	125	70	50	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	425	230	200	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	20	10	15	0	0	0
France	30	25	10	0	0	0
Other	815	430	380	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	16,390	7,680	8,720	870	460	415
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,985	3,520	3,465	375	220	160
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	9,410	4,155	5,250	495	240	255
Location of study inside Canada	8,360	3,645	4,720	490	240	250
Same as province or territory of residence	6,335	2,725	3,610	455	215	240
Different than province or territory of residence	2,025	920	1,110	35	25	15
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,050	515	535	0	0	10
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	285	165	120	10	0	10
Philippines	100	25	80	0	0	0
India	100	50	45	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	170	85	85	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	20	10	15	0	0	0
France	20	10	0	0	0	0
Other	355	175	180	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	28,615	13,420	15,195	1,210	635	575
In the labour force	16,045	7,970	8,075	875	490	390
Employed	14,590	7,150	7,430	855	470	385
Unemployed	1,460	815	640	30	20	10
Not in the labour force	12,575	5,450	7,120	330	145	185
Participation rate	56.1	59.4	53.1	72.3	77.2	67.8
Employment rate	51.0	53.3	48.9	70.7	74.0	67.0
Unemployment rate	9.1	10.2	7.9	3.4	4.1	2.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	28,620	13,420	15,200	1,210	635	575
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	11,770	5,115	6,655	285	120	165
Worked	16,845	8,305	8,545	925	515	410
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	7,355	3,875	3,480	565	345	225
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	9,495	4,430	5,060	355	170	190
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.9	41.2	40.6	44.6	45.0	44.2
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	16,045	7,970	8,075	880	490	390
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	290	140	150	10	0	10
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	15,755	7,830	7,925	865	485	385
Employee	13,675	6,595	7,080	810	435	375
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	2,085	1,235	845	60	50	10
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	16,045	7,970	8,075	880	490	390
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	285	135	150	10	0	10
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	15,755	7,835	7,925	865	490	385
0 Management occupations	1,575	920	660	110	65	45
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,085	500	1,580	120	55	65
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	735	565	175	40	30	0
3 Health occupations	1,320	225	1,100	65	10	60
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,405	450	955	140	30	115
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	395	170	220	0	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	4,695	1,870	2,825	155	70	80
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,550	2,380	175	190	185	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	485	345	145	20	10	10
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	500	415	90	30	25	0
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	16,045	7,970	8,075	875	490	390
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	285	140	150	10	0	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	15,755	7,835	7,925	865	485	385
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	460	265	195	30	15	15
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	190	175	15	0	0	0
22 Utilities	55	40	20	10	10	0
23 Construction	1,450	1,320	130	125	110	15
31-33 Manufacturing	1,020	805	215	65	65	0
41 Wholesale trade	355	260	95	45	30	15
44-45 Retail trade	2,335	1,035	1,295	55	30	25
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	495	360	135	50	50	0
51 Information and cultural industries	215	105	110	15	0	10
52 Finance and insurance	495	165	330	40	20	20
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	330	155	180	15	0	15
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	735	365	365	15	0	10
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	635	415	220	25	20	0
61 Educational services	840	310	530	45	10	35
62 Health care and social assistance	2,280	415	1,860	125	0	125
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	400	185	220	25	25	0
72 Accommodation and food services	1,810	720	1,095	40	15	25
81 Other services (except public administration)	740	270	475	30	25	10
91 Public administration	890	460	435	110	60	50
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	14,590	7,155	7,430	855	470	385
Worked at home	1,030	465	565	25	15	10
Worked outside Canada	60	30	30	10	10	0
No fixed workplace address	1,835	1,365	470	145	105	45
Worked at usual place	11,660	5,290	6,370	680	350	330
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	11,665	5,290	6,370	680	345	330
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	9,410	4,080	5,330	80	45	35
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,635	820	820	80	40	40
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	455	280	175	505	255	250
Commute to a different province or territory	155	110	45	10	0	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	13,500	6,660	6,840	825	450	375
Car, truck, van - as a driver	9,935	4,925	5,010	760	420	345
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	985	460	520	25	0	15
Public transit	300	105	190	0	0	0
Walked	1,605	695	915	15	10	10
Bicycle	330	220	105	0	0	0
Other method	350	250	95	25	20	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	13,495	6,660	6,835	825	450	375
Less than 15 minutes	8,770	4,000	4,770	140	95	50
15 to 29 minutes	2,930	1,500	1,430	285	120	165
30 to 44 minutes	980	610	375	265	145	115
45 to 59 minutes	325	210	115	100	70	35
60 minutes and over	485	345	145	30	20	10
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	13,495	6,660	6,840	830	455	375
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	685	505	180	45	35	10
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,515	1,555	965	240	165	70
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	3,350	1,835	1,515	260	120	140
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,080	1,085	1,995	145	60	90
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,810	745	1,070	50	15	35
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,055	940	1,110	85	55	35
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	17,485	8,610	8,875	950	525	420
Single responses	17,385	8,565	8,825	930	520	410
Official languages	17,290	8,500	8,790	930	525	405
English	17,255	8,490	8,765	900	510	390
French	35	10	25	30	10	20
Non-official languages	100	60	40	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	100	60	35	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	85	45	35	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	75	40	35	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	75	45	35	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	75	45	30	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	100	45	50	20	10	15
English and French	30	10	20	10	0	10
English and non-official language	70	35	30	10	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	17,485	8,615	8,875	950	525	420
None	17,055	8,400	8,660	840	485	355
English	70	40	35	20	10	15
French	195	120	75	85	35	50
Non-official language	160	55	100	0	0	0
Aboriginal	15	0	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	140	55	85	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	0	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	32,355	15,310	17,045	1,505	800	705
Non-movers	26,680	12,635	14,045	1,250	670	580
Movers	5,670	2,670	3,000	255	130	125
Non-migrants	2,960	1,405	1,560	60	20	35
Migrants	2,710	1,270	1,440	195	110	85
Internal migrants	2,580	1,235	1,350	165	90	75
Intraprovincial migrants	1,840	865	980	150	80	70
Interprovincial migrants	735	365	375	15	10	0
External migrants	130	40	90	30	20	10
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	31,355	14,775	16,575	1,400	750	655
Non-movers	17,110	8,070	9,045	810	455	355
Movers	14,245	6,715	7,535	595	290	300
Non-migrants	6,775	3,270	3,500	95	35	60
Migrants	7,475	3,440	4,030	500	255	240
Internal migrants	7,050	3,225	3,830	485	245	240
Intraprovincial migrants	5,080	2,295	2,780	450	225	225
Interprovincial migrants	1,975	925	1,045	35	20	15
External migrants	425	220	200	15	15	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Penticton [Population centre], British Columbia and Iles des Chenes, UUC [Designated place], Manitoba (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 9, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Penticton [Population centre], British Columbia and Iles des Chenes, Unincorporated urban centre [Designated place], Manitoba

Census Profile, 2016 Census Penticton [Population centre], British Columbia and Iles des Chenes, Unincorporated urban centre [Designated place], Manitoba

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Penticton [Population centre], British Columbia and Iles des Chenes, Unincorporated urban centre [Designated place], Manitoba