Census Profile, 2016 Census
Port Alberni [Population centre], British Columbia and Gwayasdums 1, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Port Alberni British Columbia [Population centre]			Gwayasdums 1, IRI British Columbia [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Port Alberni [Population centre], British Columbia Map : Port Alberni [Population centre], British Columbia Change geography 1			Data quality : Gwayasdums 1, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	20,712	...	...	27	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	20,823 ^r	...	...	38	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-0.5	...	...	-28.9	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	9,931	...	...	20	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	9,407	...	...	13	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	749.6	...	...	84.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	27.63	...	...	0.32	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	20,715	10,175	10,540	x	x	x
0 to 14 years	3,180	1,585	1,595	x	x	x
0 to 4 years	960	480	485	x	x	x
5 to 9 years	1,120	540	580	x	x	x
10 to 14 years	1,095	560	535	x	x	x
15 to 64 years	12,605	6,245	6,355	x	x	x
15 to 19 years	1,180	595	585	x	x	x
20 to 24 years	1,010	565	440	x	x	x
25 to 29 years	995	475	515	x	x	x
30 to 34 years	990	500	490	x	x	x
35 to 39 years	1,105	535	565	x	x	x
40 to 44 years	1,055	490	560	x	x	x
45 to 49 years	1,225	605	620	x	x	x
50 to 54 years	1,580	765	820	x	x	x
55 to 59 years	1,740	865	875	x	x	x
60 to 64 years	1,720	840	880	x	x	x
65 years and over	4,935	2,350	2,590	x	x	x
65 to 69 years	1,580	795	785	x	x	x
70 to 74 years	1,245	615	625	x	x	x
75 to 79 years	860	405	455	x	x	x
80 to 84 years	635	290	350	x	x	x
85 years and over	615	245	375	x	x	x
85 to 89 years	400	185	215	x	x	x
90 to 94 years	165	50	115	x	x	x
95 to 99 years	45	10	35	x	x	x
100 years and over	5	0	0	x	x	x
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	x	x	x
0 to 14 years	15.4	15.6	15.1	x	x	x
15 to 64 years	60.8	61.4	60.3	x	x	x
65 years and over	23.8	23.1	24.6	x	x	x
85 years and over	3.0	2.4	3.6	x	x	x
Average age of the population	45.1	44.4	45.7	x	x	x
Median age of the population	48.4	47.7	49.2	x	x	x
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	9,410	...	...	x	...	...
Single-detached house	6,670	...	...	x	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	110	...	...	x	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	2,335	...	...	x	...	...
Semi-detached house	280	...	...	x	...	...
Row house	450	...	...	x	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	410	...	...	x	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,185	...	...	x	...	...
Other single-attached house	20	...	...	x	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	295	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	9,410	...	...	x	...	...
1 person	3,185	...	...	x	...	...
2 persons	3,625	...	...	x	...	...
3 persons	1,230	...	...	x	...	...
4 persons	890	...	...	x	...	...
5 or more persons	480	...	...	x	...	...
Number of persons in private households	20,350	...	...	x	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	x	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	17,535	8,595	8,940	x	x	x
Married or living common law	9,750	4,880	4,865	x	x	x
Married	7,685	3,855	3,835	x	x	x
Living common law	2,060	1,025	1,035	x	x	x
Not married and not living common law	7,790	3,715	4,075	x	x	x
Never married	4,290	2,460	1,825	x	x	x
Separated	555	250	310	x	x	x
Divorced	1,515	690	825	x	x	x
Widowed	1,425	310	1,110	x	x	x
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	5,935	...	...	x	...	...
2 persons	3,610	...	...	x	...	...
3 persons	1,160	...	...	x	...	...
4 persons	815	...	...	x	...	...
5 or more persons	345	...	...	x	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	x	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	5,935	...	...	x	...	...
Total couple families	4,780	...	...	x	...	...
Married couples	3,750	...	...	x	...	...
Common-law couples	1,030	...	...	x	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,150	...	...	x	...	...
Female parent	860	...	...	x	...	...
Male parent	295	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	4,780	...	...	x	...	...
Couples without children	2,915	...	...	x	...	...
Couples with children	1,870	...	...	x	...	...
1 child	845	...	...	x	...	...
2 children	715	...	...	x	...	...
3 or more children	310	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,155	...	...	x	...	...
1 child	700	...	...	x	...	...
2 children	320	...	...	x	...	...
3 or more children	135	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	4,535	2,220	2,315	x	x	x
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	9,410	...	...	x	...	...
One-census-family households	5,745	...	...	x	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	2,855	...	...	x	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	2,890	...	...	x	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	95	...	...	x	...	...
Non-census-family households	3,570	...	...	x	...	...
One-person households	3,185	...	...	x	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	385	...	...	x	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	20,440	10,070	10,370	x	x	x
English only	19,285	9,535	9,745	x	x	x
French only	5	0	5	x	x	x
English and French	1,090	515	580	x	x	x
Neither English nor French	60	15	40	x	x	x
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	20,440	10,070	10,370	x	x	x
English	20,095	9,900	10,190	x	x	x
French	285	150	135	x	x	x
English and French	10	5	0	x	x	x
Neither English nor French	60	15	40	x	x	x
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	290	150	135	x	x	x
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.4	1.5	1.3	x	x	x
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	20,440	10,070	10,370	x	x	x
Single responses	20,250	9,980	10,270	x	x	x
Official languages	18,680	9,255	9,430	x	x	x
English	18,335	9,080	9,260	x	x	x
French	345	170	170	x	x	x
Non-official languages	1,575	730	845	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages	95	40	55	x	x	x
Algonquian languages	5	0	5	x	x	x
Blackfoot	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	5	x	x	x
Atikamekw	0	0	0	x	x	x
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Moose Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Naskapi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Plains Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Woods Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	5	x	x	x
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malecite	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	0	5	x	x	x
Algonquin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ojibway	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages	5	5	0	x	x	x
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	5	0	x	x	x
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Beaver	0	0	0	x	x	x
Carrier	5	0	0	x	x	x
Chilcotin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dene	5	0	0	x	x	x
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gwich'in	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sekani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	x	x	x
South Slavey	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haida	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuit languages	5	0	0	x	x	x
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuktitut	5	0	0	x	x	x
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cayuga	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mohawk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oneida	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kutenai	0	0	0	x	x	x
Michif	0	0	0	x	x	x
Salish languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Comox	0	0	0	x	x	x
Halkomelem	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lillooet	0	0	0	x	x	x
Okanagan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Squamish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Straits	0	0	0	x	x	x
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Siouan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dakota	0	0	0	x	x	x
Stoney	0	0	0	x	x	x
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tlingit	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian languages	5	0	5	x	x	x
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	5	0	5	x	x	x
Nisga'a	5	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wakashan languages	65	30	35	x	x	x
Haisla	0	0	0	x	x	x
Heiltsuk	0	5	0	x	x	x
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	65	30	35	x	x	x
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	10	5	5	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,475	690	790	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	5	5	x	x	x
Berber languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kabyle	0	0	0	x	x	x
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bilen	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oromo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Somali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Semitic languages	10	5	0	x	x	x
Amharic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Arabic	5	0	5	x	x	x
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Harari	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hebrew	0	0	0	x	x	x
Maltese	0	0	5	x	x	x
Tigrigna	0	0	0	x	x	x
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	10	5	x	x	x
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Vietnamese	10	5	5	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austronesian languages	50	15	35	x	x	x
Bikol	0	0	5	x	x	x
Cebuano	5	0	5	x	x	x
Fijian	5	0	0	x	x	x
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ilocano	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malagasy	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malay	5	0	5	x	x	x
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pangasinan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	35	10	25	x	x	x
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	5	x	x	x
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dravidian languages	0	0	5	x	x	x
Kannada	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malayalam	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tamil	0	0	0	x	x	x
Telugu	0	0	5	x	x	x
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Indo-European languages	1,190	570	620	x	x	x
Albanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Armenian	5	0	0	x	x	x
Balto-Slavic languages	190	80	110	x	x	x
Baltic languages	5	5	0	x	x	x
Latvian	0	5	0	x	x	x
Lithuanian	5	0	0	x	x	x
Slavic languages	185	75	110	x	x	x
Belarusan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bosnian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bulgarian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Croatian	60	30	35	x	x	x
Czech	10	5	5	x	x	x
Macedonian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Polish	15	5	10	x	x	x
Russian	10	5	10	x	x	x
Serbian	10	0	5	x	x	x
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	5	x	x	x
Slovak	10	5	5	x	x	x
Slovene (Slovenian)	30	10	20	x	x	x
Ukrainian	30	10	20	x	x	x
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Celtic languages	5	0	0	x	x	x
Scottish Gaelic	5	0	0	x	x	x
Welsh	0	0	0	x	x	x
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Germanic languages	495	240	255	x	x	x
Afrikaans	5	5	0	x	x	x
Danish	30	20	10	x	x	x
Dutch	175	80	95	x	x	x
Frisian	5	5	0	x	x	x
German	250	115	130	x	x	x
Icelandic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Norwegian	15	10	5	x	x	x
Swedish	10	5	5	x	x	x
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	5	x	x	x
Yiddish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Greek	5	0	0	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages	295	155	140	x	x	x
Indo-Aryan languages	295	150	140	x	x	x
Bengali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gujarati	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hindi	30	15	15	x	x	x
Kashmiri	0	0	0	x	x	x
Konkani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Marathi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nepali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Punjabi (Panjabi)	255	130	125	x	x	x
Sindhi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Urdu	5	0	5	x	x	x
Iranian languages	5	0	0	x	x	x
Kurdish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pashto	0	0	0	x	x	x
Persian (Farsi)	0	5	0	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages	195	90	105	x	x	x
Catalan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Italian	150	70	80	x	x	x
Portuguese	5	0	0	x	x	x
Romanian	5	5	5	x	x	x
Spanish	45	20	25	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Japanese	10	5	5	x	x	x
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Georgian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Korean	25	10	10	x	x	x
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mongolian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	5	x	x	x
Akan (Twi)	5	0	5	x	x	x
Bamanankan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Edo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ewe	5	5	0	x	x	x
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ga	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ganda	0	0	0	x	x	x
Igbo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lingala	0	0	0	x	x	x
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Shona	0	5	0	x	x	x
Swahili	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wolof	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yoruba	0	0	0	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dinka	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sign languages	5	0	5	x	x	x
American Sign Language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	x	x	x
Sino-Tibetan languages	90	45	45	x	x	x
Chinese languages	95	45	50	x	x	x
Cantonese	50	25	20	x	x	x
Hakka	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mandarin	30	10	20	x	x	x
Min Dong	0	0	0	x	x	x
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	5	x	x	x
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Burmese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Karenic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibetan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	5	x	x	x
Lao	0	0	0	x	x	x
Thai	5	0	0	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkish	0	0	5	x	x	x
Uyghur	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uzbek	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uralic languages	75	30	40	x	x	x
Estonian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Finnish	25	5	15	x	x	x
Hungarian	45	20	25	x	x	x
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Multiple responses	185	90	95	x	x	x
English and French	50	20	30	x	x	x
English and non-official language	130	65	65	x	x	x
French and non-official language	5	0	5	x	x	x
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	20,440	10,070	10,370	x	x	x
Single responses	20,125	9,915	10,210	x	x	x
Official languages	19,685	9,710	9,975	x	x	x
English	19,645	9,690	9,950	x	x	x
French	45	20	25	x	x	x
Non-official languages	440	205	230	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages	15	10	5	x	x	x
Algonquian languages	5	0	5	x	x	x
Blackfoot	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Atikamekw	0	0	0	x	x	x
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Moose Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Naskapi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Plains Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Woods Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	5	x	x	x
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malecite	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ojibway	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Beaver	0	0	0	x	x	x
Carrier	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chilcotin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dene	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gwich'in	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sekani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	x	x	x
South Slavey	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haida	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuit languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuktitut	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cayuga	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mohawk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oneida	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kutenai	0	0	0	x	x	x
Michif	0	0	0	x	x	x
Salish languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Comox	0	0	0	x	x	x
Halkomelem	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lillooet	0	0	0	x	x	x
Okanagan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Squamish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Straits	0	0	0	x	x	x
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Siouan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dakota	0	0	0	x	x	x
Stoney	0	0	0	x	x	x
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tlingit	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nisga'a	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wakashan languages	15	10	5	x	x	x
Haisla	0	0	0	x	x	x
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	15	10	5	x	x	x
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal languages	420	195	225	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	5	5	x	x	x
Berber languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kabyle	0	0	0	x	x	x
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bilen	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oromo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Somali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Semitic languages	5	0	0	x	x	x
Amharic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Arabic	5	5	0	x	x	x
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Harari	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hebrew	0	0	0	x	x	x
Maltese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tigrigna	0	0	0	x	x	x
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Vietnamese	5	0	5	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austronesian languages	15	10	10	x	x	x
Bikol	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cebuano	0	0	0	x	x	x
Fijian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ilocano	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malagasy	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malay	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pangasinan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	10	10	x	x	x
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kannada	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malayalam	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tamil	0	0	0	x	x	x
Telugu	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Indo-European languages	295	135	160	x	x	x
Albanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Armenian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Balto-Slavic languages	55	20	30	x	x	x
Baltic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Latvian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lithuanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavic languages	50	25	30	x	x	x
Belarusan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bosnian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bulgarian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Croatian	25	10	15	x	x	x
Czech	0	5	0	x	x	x
Macedonian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Polish	5	0	5	x	x	x
Russian	5	0	0	x	x	x
Serbian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slovak	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	5	5	x	x	x
Ukrainian	10	5	5	x	x	x
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Celtic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Scottish Gaelic	0	5	5	x	x	x
Welsh	0	0	0	x	x	x
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Germanic languages	20	10	15	x	x	x
Afrikaans	5	0	0	x	x	x
Danish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dutch	5	0	5	x	x	x
Frisian	0	0	0	x	x	x
German	10	5	10	x	x	x
Icelandic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Norwegian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swedish	0	5	0	x	x	x
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yiddish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Greek	0	0	0	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages	170	85	90	x	x	x
Indo-Aryan languages	170	85	85	x	x	x
Bengali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gujarati	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hindi	5	5	5	x	x	x
Kashmiri	0	0	0	x	x	x
Konkani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Marathi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nepali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Punjabi (Panjabi)	160	80	80	x	x	x
Sindhi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Urdu	5	0	5	x	x	x
Iranian languages	0	0	5	x	x	x
Kurdish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pashto	0	0	0	x	x	x
Persian (Farsi)	0	5	0	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages	40	15	25	x	x	x
Catalan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Italian	35	15	25	x	x	x
Portuguese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Romanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Spanish	5	0	5	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Japanese	0	0	5	x	x	x
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Georgian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Korean	20	10	15	x	x	x
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mongolian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bamanankan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Edo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ewe	0	0	0	x	x	x
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ga	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ganda	0	0	0	x	x	x
Igbo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lingala	0	0	0	x	x	x
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Shona	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swahili	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wolof	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yoruba	0	0	0	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dinka	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sign languages	10	5	10	x	x	x
American Sign Language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	0	5	x	x	x
Sino-Tibetan languages	60	30	30	x	x	x
Chinese languages	60	25	35	x	x	x
Cantonese	30	15	20	x	x	x
Hakka	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mandarin	25	10	10	x	x	x
Min Dong	0	0	0	x	x	x
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	5	x	x	x
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Burmese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Karenic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibetan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lao	0	0	0	x	x	x
Thai	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uyghur	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uzbek	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uralic languages	10	5	10	x	x	x
Estonian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Finnish	5	0	5	x	x	x
Hungarian	5	0	5	x	x	x
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Multiple responses	315	155	160	x	x	x
English and French	30	10	15	x	x	x
English and non-official language	285	140	145	x	x	x
French and non-official language	5	0	0	x	x	x
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	20,440	10,070	10,370	x	x	x
None	19,485	9,635	9,850	x	x	x
English	210	105	110	x	x	x
French	160	70	85	x	x	x
Non-official language	570	250	320	x	x	x
Aboriginal	100	45	60	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal	470	205	260	x	x	x
English and French	0	0	0	x	x	x
English and non-official language	5	0	0	x	x	x
French and non-official language	10	5	5	x	x	x
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	17,175	8,440	8,735	x	x	x
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	16,520	8,145	8,375	x	x	x
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,861	36,629	23,045	x	x	x
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	16,540	8,160	8,380	x	x	x
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,617	32,873	22,142	x	x	x
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	13,980	7,110	6,865	x	x	x
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	24,664	31,728	18,777	x	x	x
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	13,240	6,155	7,085	x	x	x
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	10,208	11,117	9,248	x	x	x
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	11,130	5,975	5,160	x	x	x
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	23,994	29,196	20,345	x	x	x
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	17,175	8,405	8,770	x	x	x
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	16,440	8,120	8,320	x	x	x
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,259	44,051	28,657	x	x	x
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	16,455	8,135	8,320	x	x	x
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,572	37,321	25,954	x	x	x
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	13,910	7,135	6,775	x	x	x
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,463	41,510	24,997	x	x	x
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	13,290	6,120	7,170	x	x	x
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,825	10,059	9,625	x	x	x
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	11,110	6,050	5,055	x	x	x
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,463	38,137	25,679	x	x	x
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	17,170	8,405	8,765	x	x	x
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	3,540	2,010	1,525	x	x	x
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	48,318	57,022	39,306	x	x	x
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	53,290	60,826	43,362	x	x	x
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	x	x	x
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	78.0	82.2	71.7	x	x	x
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	60.6	64.6	54.7	x	x	x
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	22.0	17.8	28.3	x	x	x
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	17,175	8,440	8,735	x	x	x
Without total income	660	295	360	x	x	x
With total income	16,520	8,145	8,375	x	x	x
Percentage with total income	96.2	96.5	95.9	x	x	x
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,255	890	1,365	x	x	x
$10,000 to $19,999	3,630	1,410	2,220	x	x	x
$20,000 to $29,999	2,635	1,045	1,585	x	x	x
$30,000 to $39,999	2,250	1,050	1,205	x	x	x
$40,000 to $49,999	1,680	900	785	x	x	x
$50,000 to $59,999	1,210	705	505	x	x	x
$60,000 to $69,999	845	585	260	x	x	x
$70,000 to $79,999	605	435	175	x	x	x
$80,000 to $89,999	430	325	105	x	x	x
$90,000 to $99,999	295	230	70	x	x	x
$100,000 and over	670	575	90	x	x	x
$100,000 to $149,999	565	485	75	x	x	x
$150,000 and over	105	90	15	x	x	x
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	17,175	8,440	8,735	x	x	x
Without after-tax income	635	280	355	x	x	x
With after-tax income	16,535	8,160	8,375	x	x	x
Percentage with after-tax income	96.3	96.7	95.9	x	x	x
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,335	930	1,400	x	x	x
$10,000 to $19,999	3,805	1,495	2,305	x	x	x
$20,000 to $29,999	3,085	1,275	1,810	x	x	x
$30,000 to $39,999	2,530	1,255	1,280	x	x	x
$40,000 to $49,999	1,760	990	775	x	x	x
$50,000 to $59,999	1,070	710	360	x	x	x
$60,000 to $69,999	760	555	205	x	x	x
$70,000 to $79,999	495	375	125	x	x	x
$80,000 and over	695	580	110	x	x	x
$80,000 to $89,999	330	270	60	x	x	x
$90,000 to $99,999	145	130	20	x	x	x
$100,000 and over	225	190	35	x	x	x
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	17,175	8,440	8,735	x	x	x
Without employment income	6,045	2,465	3,575	x	x	x
With employment income	11,130	5,975	5,160	x	x	x
Percentage with employment income	64.8	70.8	59.1	x	x	x
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,590	1,440	1,145	x	x	x
$5,000 to $9,999	975	430	545	x	x	x
$10,000 to $19,999	1,510	645	865	x	x	x
$20,000 to $29,999	1,265	520	750	x	x	x
$30,000 to $39,999	1,145	460	690	x	x	x
$40,000 to $49,999	880	450	430	x	x	x
$50,000 to $59,999	705	425	280	x	x	x
$60,000 to $69,999	545	380	165	x	x	x
$70,000 to $79,999	470	355	115	x	x	x
$80,000 and over	1,050	875	175	x	x	x
$80,000 to $89,999	320	245	75	x	x	x
$90,000 to $99,999	235	185	50	x	x	x
$100,000 and over	495	445	45	x	x	x
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	9,405	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	52,123	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	47,215	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	3,185	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	28,252	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	26,245	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	6,220	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	69,773	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	62,310	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	9,400	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	63,416	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	55,262	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	3,195	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	36,314	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,659	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	6,205	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	77,371	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	67,415	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	9,405	...	...	x	...	...
Under $5,000	130	...	...	x	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	160	...	...	x	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	525	...	...	x	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	550	...	...	x	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	585	...	...	x	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	465	...	...	x	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	575	...	...	x	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	565	...	...	x	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	485	...	...	x	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	475	...	...	x	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	815	...	...	x	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	670	...	...	x	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	685	...	...	x	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	520	...	...	x	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	455	...	...	x	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,755	...	...	x	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	775	...	...	x	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	465	...	...	x	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	380	...	...	x	...	...
$200,000 and over	125	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	9,410	...	...	x	...	...
Under $5,000	135	...	...	x	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	165	...	...	x	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	530	...	...	x	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	565	...	...	x	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	655	...	...	x	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	600	...	...	x	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	655	...	...	x	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	625	...	...	x	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	555	...	...	x	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	500	...	...	x	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	875	...	...	x	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	800	...	...	x	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	680	...	...	x	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	500	...	...	x	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	400	...	...	x	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,165	...	...	x	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	675	...	...	x	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	275	...	...	x	...	...
$150,000 and over	210	...	...	x	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	5,940	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	70,125	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	62,539	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	2,805	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,903	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	61,504	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	1,885	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	94,746	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	83,153	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,095	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	38,464	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	36,784	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	5,945	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	77,276	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	67,225	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	2,805	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,058	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	67,422	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	1,850	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	97,947	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	84,502	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,125	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	44,311	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	40,695	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	4,075	2,030	2,045	x	x	x
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	25,608	27,552	24,283	x	x	x
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	24,094	25,734	23,351	x	x	x
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	4,055	2,045	2,015	x	x	x
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	33,704	37,216	30,141	x	x	x
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	29,537	32,045	26,993	x	x	x
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	20,350	10,020	10,330	x	x	x
In the bottom half of the distribution	12,760	6,075	6,685	x	x	x
In the bottom decile	3,345	1,590	1,760	x	x	x
In the second decile	2,695	1,215	1,480	x	x	x
In the third decile	2,435	1,150	1,290	x	x	x
In the fourth decile	2,145	1,035	1,110	x	x	x
In the fifth decile	2,135	1,085	1,055	x	x	x
In the top half of the distribution	7,590	3,945	3,645	x	x	x
In the sixth decile	2,075	1,055	1,020	x	x	x
In the seventh decile	1,805	920	885	x	x	x
In the eighth decile	1,555	815	740	x	x	x
In the ninth decile	1,490	790	705	x	x	x
In the top decile	660	375	290	x	x	x
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	19,900	9,805	10,090	x	x	x
0 to 17 years	3,725	1,850	1,880	x	x	x
0 to 5 years	1,125	555	575	x	x	x
18 to 64 years	11,555	5,725	5,825	x	x	x
65 years and over	4,620	2,230	2,385	x	x	x
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	4,400	2,030	2,370	x	x	x
0 to 17 years	1,165	570	595	x	x	x
0 to 5 years	410	195	210	x	x	x
18 to 64 years	2,545	1,205	1,340	x	x	x
65 years and over	690	255	435	x	x	x
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	22.1	20.7	23.5	x	x	x
0 to 17 years (%)	31.3	30.8	31.6	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	36.4	35.1	36.5	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	22.0	21.0	23.0	x	x	x
65 years and over (%)	14.9	11.4	18.2	x	x	x
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	2,070	1,040	1,030	x	x	x
0 to 17 years	475	230	245	x	x	x
0 to 5 years	170	85	85	x	x	x
18 to 64 years	1,505	775	735	x	x	x
65 years and over	95	35	55	x	x	x
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	10.4	10.6	10.2	x	x	x
0 to 17 years (%)	12.8	12.4	13.0	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	15.1	15.3	14.8	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	13.0	13.5	12.6	x	x	x
65 years and over (%)	2.1	1.6	2.3	x	x	x
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	20,325	9,990	10,335	x	x	x
Official languages	20,245	9,965	10,275	x	x	x
English	20,245	9,970	10,275	x	x	x
French	1,060	465	600	x	x	x
Non-official languages	2,095	995	1,100	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages	160	75	90	x	x	x
Algonquian languages	10	0	0	x	x	x
Blackfoot	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	0	0	x	x	x
Atikamekw	0	0	0	x	x	x
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Moose Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Naskapi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Plains Cree	0	10	0	x	x	x
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Woods Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cree, n.o.s.	10	0	0	x	x	x
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malecite	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ojibway	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages	0	10	0	x	x	x
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Beaver	0	0	0	x	x	x
Carrier	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chilcotin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dene	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gwich'in	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sekani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	x	x	x
South Slavey	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haida	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuit languages	10	0	0	x	x	x
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuktitut	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cayuga	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mohawk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oneida	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kutenai	0	0	0	x	x	x
Michif	0	0	0	x	x	x
Salish languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Comox	0	0	0	x	x	x
Halkomelem	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lillooet	0	0	0	x	x	x
Okanagan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Squamish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Straits	0	0	0	x	x	x
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Siouan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dakota	0	0	0	x	x	x
Stoney	0	0	0	x	x	x
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tlingit	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nisga'a	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wakashan languages	140	65	80	x	x	x
Haisla	0	0	0	x	x	x
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	140	60	80	x	x	x
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,935	925	1,015	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	15	15	x	x	x
Berber languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kabyle	0	0	0	x	x	x
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bilen	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oromo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Somali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Semitic languages	30	15	15	x	x	x
Amharic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Arabic	30	15	15	x	x	x
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Harari	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hebrew	0	0	0	x	x	x
Maltese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tigrigna	0	0	0	x	x	x
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages	40	20	20	x	x	x
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Vietnamese	40	20	15	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austronesian languages	50	15	30	x	x	x
Bikol	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cebuano	0	0	0	x	x	x
Fijian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ilocano	0	0	10	x	x	x
Malagasy	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malay	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pangasinan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	50	15	35	x	x	x
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole languages	0	0	10	x	x	x
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kannada	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malayalam	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tamil	0	0	0	x	x	x
Telugu	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Indo-European languages	1,520	725	795	x	x	x
Albanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Armenian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Balto-Slavic languages	235	80	150	x	x	x
Baltic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Latvian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lithuanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavic languages	235	80	150	x	x	x
Belarusan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bosnian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bulgarian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Croatian	100	35	70	x	x	x
Czech	0	0	10	x	x	x
Macedonian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Polish	10	0	10	x	x	x
Russian	10	10	10	x	x	x
Serbian	15	0	10	x	x	x
Serbo-Croatian	20	10	10	x	x	x
Slovak	10	0	10	x	x	x
Slovene (Slovenian)	45	25	20	x	x	x
Ukrainian	50	20	30	x	x	x
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	x	x	x
Celtic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Welsh	0	0	0	x	x	x
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Germanic languages	515	235	275	x	x	x
Afrikaans	0	0	0	x	x	x
Danish	25	0	25	x	x	x
Dutch	190	70	115	x	x	x
Frisian	10	0	10	x	x	x
German	290	160	130	x	x	x
Icelandic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Norwegian	10	10	0	x	x	x
Swedish	15	0	10	x	x	x
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yiddish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Greek	15	0	10	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages	430	225	200	x	x	x
Indo-Aryan languages	430	225	205	x	x	x
Bengali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gujarati	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hindi	50	30	25	x	x	x
Kashmiri	0	0	0	x	x	x
Konkani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Marathi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nepali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Punjabi (Panjabi)	400	215	190	x	x	x
Sindhi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Urdu	10	0	10	x	x	x
Iranian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kurdish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pashto	0	0	0	x	x	x
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages	370	190	180	x	x	x
Catalan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Italian	195	95	100	x	x	x
Portuguese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Romanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Spanish	180	95	80	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Japanese	25	10	15	x	x	x
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Georgian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Korean	35	20	20	x	x	x
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mongolian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages	15	10	0	x	x	x
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bamanankan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Edo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ewe	0	0	0	x	x	x
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ga	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ganda	0	0	0	x	x	x
Igbo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lingala	0	0	0	x	x	x
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Shona	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swahili	10	0	10	x	x	x
Wolof	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yoruba	0	0	0	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dinka	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sign languages	65	35	30	x	x	x
American Sign Language	40	25	15	x	x	x
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sign languages, n.i.e.	25	10	15	x	x	x
Sino-Tibetan languages	120	65	60	x	x	x
Chinese languages	120	65	55	x	x	x
Cantonese	40	20	20	x	x	x
Hakka	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mandarin	70	35	35	x	x	x
Min Dong	0	0	0	x	x	x
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	10	10	x	x	x
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chinese, n.o.s.	35	20	15	x	x	x
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Burmese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Karenic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibetan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lao	0	0	0	x	x	x
Thai	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkic languages	10	10	0	x	x	x
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkish	10	0	0	x	x	x
Uyghur	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uzbek	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uralic languages	85	35	50	x	x	x
Estonian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Finnish	20	15	10	x	x	x
Hungarian	65	25	40	x	x	x
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	x	x	x
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	20,325	9,990	10,335	x	x	x
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	19,940	9,815	10,125	x	x	x
Canadian citizens aged under 18	3,865	1,925	1,935	x	x	x
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	16,070	7,890	8,185	x	x	x
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	385	175	210	x	x	x
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	20,325	9,990	10,335	x	x	x
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	18,345	9,055	9,290	x	x	x
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	1,920	910	1,015	x	x	x
Before 1981	1,375	695	680	x	x	x
1981 to 1990	145	40	105	x	x	x
1991 to 2000	120	40	80	x	x	x
2001 to 2010	190	90	100	x	x	x
2001 to 2005	85	45	40	x	x	x
2006 to 2010	110	45	60	x	x	x
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	90	45	45	x	x	x
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	60	30	35	x	x	x
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	1,925	905	1,010	x	x	x
Under 5 years	280	180	105	x	x	x
5 to 14 years	375	185	190	x	x	x
15 to 24 years	605	275	325	x	x	x
25 to 44 years	600	235	360	x	x	x
45 years and over	70	35	30	x	x	x
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	1,920	905	1,015	x	x	x
Americas	210	100	110	x	x	x
Brazil	0	0	0	x	x	x
Colombia	0	10	0	x	x	x
El Salvador	0	0	0	x	x	x
Guyana	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haiti	10	0	10	x	x	x
Jamaica	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mexico	15	0	15	x	x	x
Peru	0	0	0	x	x	x
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	x	x	x
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	165	90	80	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Americas	20	10	10	x	x	x
Europe	1,160	575	585	x	x	x
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	x	x	x
Croatia	65	20	45	x	x	x
France	15	10	10	x	x	x
Germany	170	90	75	x	x	x
Greece	10	0	0	x	x	x
Hungary	40	15	20	x	x	x
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	10	0	0	x	x	x
Italy	100	45	50	x	x	x
Netherlands	195	90	105	x	x	x
Poland	20	0	20	x	x	x
Portugal	0	0	0	x	x	x
Romania	0	0	0	x	x	x
Russian Federation	10	0	0	x	x	x
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	10	0	0	x	x	x
Ukraine	0	0	0	x	x	x
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	415	230	180	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Europe	115	55	55	x	x	x
Africa	50	20	30	x	x	x
Algeria	0	0	0	x	x	x
Egypt	25	10	15	x	x	x
Ethiopia	10	0	0	x	x	x
Kenya	0	0	0	x	x	x
Morocco	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nigeria	0	0	0	x	x	x
Somalia	0	0	0	x	x	x
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Africa	10	10	0	x	x	x
Asia	450	195	255	x	x	x
Afghanistan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bangladesh	0	0	0	x	x	x
China^{Census data footnote 59}	50	15	35	x	x	x
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	10	10	10	x	x	x
India	225	100	125	x	x	x
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iraq	0	0	0	x	x	x
Japan	10	10	0	x	x	x
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	35	15	20	x	x	x
Lebanon	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pakistan	10	0	10	x	x	x
Philippines	50	15	35	x	x	x
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	x	x	x
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Taiwan	20	15	10	x	x	x
Viet Nam	30	15	15	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Asia	15	10	0	x	x	x
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	50	15	30	x	x	x
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	95	45	45	x	x	x
Americas	20	10	10	x	x	x
Brazil	0	0	0	x	x	x
Colombia	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cuba	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haiti	0	0	0	x	x	x
Jamaica	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mexico	0	0	0	x	x	x
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	15	0	10	x	x	x
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	x	x	x
Europe	15	10	10	x	x	x
France	0	0	0	x	x	x
Germany	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Romania	0	0	0	x	x	x
Russian Federation	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ukraine	0	0	0	x	x	x
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	10	0	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	10	x	x	x
Africa	10	10	0	x	x	x
Algeria	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cameroon	0	0	0	x	x	x
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	x	x	x
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	x	x	x
Egypt	10	10	0	x	x	x
Eritrea	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ethiopia	0	0	0	x	x	x
Morocco	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nigeria	0	0	0	x	x	x
Somalia	0	0	0	x	x	x
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tunisia	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	0	x	x	x
Asia	45	20	25	x	x	x
Afghanistan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bangladesh	0	0	0	x	x	x
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	x	x	x
India	10	10	0	x	x	x
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iraq	0	0	0	x	x	x
Israel	0	0	0	x	x	x
Japan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lebanon	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nepal	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pakistan	0	0	10	x	x	x
Philippines	15	10	10	x	x	x
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	x	x	x
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Taiwan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkey	0	0	0	x	x	x
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	x	x	x
Viet Nam	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Asia	0	10	0	x	x	x
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Australia	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	20,325	9,990	10,335	x	x	x
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	2,060	980	1,075	x	x	x
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	3,680	1,845	1,835	x	x	x
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	14,590	7,165	7,420	x	x	x
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	575	225	350	x	x	x
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	225	115	110	x	x	x
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	95	55	40	x	x	x
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	125	55	70	x	x	x
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	330	100	230	x	x	x
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	15	10	0	x	x	x
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	20,325	9,990	10,335	x	x	x
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	3,710	1,725	1,985	x	x	x
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	3,630	1,710	1,925	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	2,735	1,245	1,490	x	x	x
Métis	870	455	420	x	x	x
Inuk (Inuit)	20	10	10	x	x	x
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	35	10	25	x	x	x
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	45	10	35	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal identity	16,620	8,265	8,355	x	x	x
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	20,325	9,990	10,335	x	x	x
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	2,475	1,145	1,330	x	x	x
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	17,850	8,845	9,000	x	x	x
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	20,325	9,990	10,335	x	x	x
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	1,405	665	735	x	x	x
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	1,390	665	725	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	1,270	610	660	x	x	x
Métis single ancestry	100	45	55	x	x	x
Inuit single ancestry	20	10	15	x	x	x
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	10	0	10	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	10	0	0	x	x	x
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	x	x	x
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	1,990	915	1,075	x	x	x
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	1,915	880	1,030	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,400	635	765	x	x	x
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	515	250	265	x	x	x
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	x	x	x
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	75	35	45	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	75	35	45	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	x	x	x
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	16,935	8,405	8,520	x	x	x
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	20,325	9,990	10,335	x	x	x
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	1,065	515	550	x	x	x
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	535	250	280	x	x	x
Chinese	205	115	90	x	x	x
Black	55	15	45	x	x	x
Filipino	75	30	45	x	x	x
Latin American	15	0	15	x	x	x
Arab	20	20	10	x	x	x
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	35	15	15	x	x	x
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Korean	40	20	20	x	x	x
Japanese	45	20	20	x	x	x
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	15	0	15	x	x	x
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	30	20	10	x	x	x
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	19,260	9,475	9,785	x	x	x
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	20,325	9,990	10,335	x	x	x
North American Aboriginal origins	3,390	1,580	1,810	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian)	2,755	1,275	1,475	x	x	x
Inuit	30	10	20	x	x	x
Métis	700	325	370	x	x	x
Other North American origins	6,185	3,030	3,155	x	x	x
Acadian	0	0	0	x	x	x
American	360	175	180	x	x	x
Canadian	5,915	2,885	3,030	x	x	x
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	x	x	x
Newfoundlander	30	25	0	x	x	x
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ontarian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Québécois	10	0	10	x	x	x
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	x	x	x
European origins	15,160	7,420	7,745	x	x	x
British Isles origins	10,335	5,045	5,290	x	x	x
Channel Islander	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cornish	0	0	0	x	x	x
English	6,495	3,185	3,310	x	x	x
Irish	3,620	1,660	1,960	x	x	x
Manx	20	10	15	x	x	x
Scottish	4,630	2,195	2,430	x	x	x
Welsh	680	285	395	x	x	x
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	560	265	295	x	x	x
French origins	2,760	1,185	1,580	x	x	x
Alsatian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Breton	0	0	0	x	x	x
Corsican	0	0	0	x	x	x
French	2,760	1,180	1,580	x	x	x
Western European origins (except French origins)	4,460	2,180	2,280	x	x	x
Austrian	245	100	145	x	x	x
Bavarian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Belgian	110	65	40	x	x	x
Dutch	1,420	710	710	x	x	x
Flemish	10	10	0	x	x	x
Frisian	10	0	0	x	x	x
German	2,950	1,405	1,545	x	x	x
Luxembourger	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swiss	120	80	40	x	x	x
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	2,180	990	1,185	x	x	x
Danish	395	165	235	x	x	x
Finnish	245	145	105	x	x	x
Icelandic	170	85	80	x	x	x
Norwegian	940	380	560	x	x	x
Swedish	555	275	285	x	x	x
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	70	40	30	x	x	x
Eastern European origins	2,210	1,065	1,145	x	x	x
Bulgarian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Byelorussian	10	10	0	x	x	x
Czech	55	35	20	x	x	x
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	40	15	25	x	x	x
Estonian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hungarian	325	170	155	x	x	x
Latvian	15	10	10	x	x	x
Lithuanian	10	10	10	x	x	x
Moldovan	25	15	0	x	x	x
Polish	425	215	215	x	x	x
Romanian	90	40	50	x	x	x
Russian	415	170	245	x	x	x
Slovak	20	0	10	x	x	x
Ukrainian	1,070	520	550	x	x	x
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	20	15	10	x	x	x
Southern European origins	1,430	655	775	x	x	x
Albanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bosnian	10	0	10	x	x	x
Catalan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Croatian	180	65	115	x	x	x
Cypriot	0	0	0	x	x	x
Greek	75	45	30	x	x	x
Italian	805	385	420	x	x	x
Kosovar	0	0	0	x	x	x
Macedonian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Maltese	20	10	10	x	x	x
Montenegrin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Portuguese	55	30	30	x	x	x
Serbian	15	0	15	x	x	x
Sicilian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slovenian	70	35	30	x	x	x
Spanish	195	70	125	x	x	x
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	50	30	20	x	x	x
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other European origins	105	40	60	x	x	x
Basque	0	0	0	x	x	x
Jewish	40	15	25	x	x	x
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	60	25	35	x	x	x
Caribbean origins	75	35	40	x	x	x
Antiguan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bahamian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Barbadian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bermudan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Carib	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cuban	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dominican	0	0	0	x	x	x
Grenadian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haitian	10	0	10	x	x	x
Jamaican	45	25	25	x	x	x
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Martinican	0	0	0	x	x	x
Montserratan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Puerto Rican	10	0	10	x	x	x
St. Lucian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	10	0	x	x	x
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	x	x	x
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	10	x	x	x
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	10	0	0	x	x	x
Latin, Central and South American origins	75	35	35	x	x	x
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Arawak	0	0	0	x	x	x
Argentinian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Belizean	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bolivian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Brazilian	15	10	0	x	x	x
Chilean	0	0	0	x	x	x
Colombian	0	10	0	x	x	x
Costa Rican	0	0	10	x	x	x
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Guatemalan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Guyanese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hispanic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Honduran	0	0	0	x	x	x
Maya	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mexican	40	15	30	x	x	x
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Panamanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Paraguayan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Peruvian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Salvadorean	10	0	0	x	x	x
Uruguayan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Venezuelan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	x	x	x
African origins	145	75	70	x	x	x
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	x	x	x
Akan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Angolan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ashanti	0	0	0	x	x	x
Beninese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Burkinabe	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cameroonian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chadian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Congolese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Edo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ewe	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gabonese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gambian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ghanaian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Guinean	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ibo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ivorian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Liberian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malinké	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nigerian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Peulh	0	0	0	x	x	x
Senegalese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	x	x	x
Togolese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wolof	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yoruba	0	0	0	x	x	x
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	x	x	x
North African origins	40	20	20	x	x	x
Algerian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Berber	0	0	0	x	x	x
Coptic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dinka	0	0	0	x	x	x
Egyptian	30	20	10	x	x	x
Libyan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Maure	0	0	0	x	x	x
Moroccan	10	10	10	x	x	x
Sudanese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tunisian	0	0	0	x	x	x
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern and East African origins	45	20	20	x	x	x
Afrikaner	0	0	0	x	x	x
Amhara	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Burundian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Djiboutian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Eritrean	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ethiopian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Harari	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kenyan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malagasy	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mauritian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oromo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Rwandan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Seychellois	0	0	0	x	x	x
Somali	0	0	0	x	x	x
South African	35	20	20	x	x	x
Tanzanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tigrian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ugandan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Zambian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Zimbabwean	10	10	0	x	x	x
Zulu	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other African origins	60	35	25	x	x	x
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	60	35	30	x	x	x
Asian origins	1,060	530	530	x	x	x
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	70	40	30	x	x	x
Afghan	10	0	10	x	x	x
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	20	15	0	x	x	x
Armenian	10	10	0	x	x	x
Assyrian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Georgian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hazara	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iranian	0	10	0	x	x	x
Iraqi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Israeli	10	10	0	x	x	x
Jordanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kazakh	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kurd	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lebanese	20	0	15	x	x	x
Palestinian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pashtun	0	0	0	x	x	x
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Syrian	10	0	10	x	x	x
Tajik	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tatar	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkmen	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uighur	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uzbek	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yemeni	0	0	0	x	x	x
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	x	x	x
South Asian origins	570	275	290	x	x	x
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bengali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bhutanese	0	0	0	x	x	x
East Indian	545	260	285	x	x	x
Goan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gujarati	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kashmiri	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nepali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pakistani	15	0	10	x	x	x
Punjabi	30	25	10	x	x	x
Sinhalese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tamil	0	0	0	x	x	x
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	x	x	x
East and Southeast Asian origins	430	220	215	x	x	x
Burmese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chinese	245	140	110	x	x	x
Filipino	90	35	55	x	x	x
Hmong	0	0	0	x	x	x
Indonesian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Japanese	45	20	25	x	x	x
Karen	0	0	0	x	x	x
Korean	40	20	20	x	x	x
Laotian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malaysian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mongolian	0	0	10	x	x	x
Singaporean	0	0	0	x	x	x
Taiwanese	0	10	0	x	x	x
Thai	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibetan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Vietnamese	25	10	10	x	x	x
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other Asian origins	0	10	0	x	x	x
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	10	10	0	x	x	x
Oceania origins	115	65	50	x	x	x
Australian	90	50	40	x	x	x
New Zealander	10	0	0	x	x	x
Pacific Islands origins	15	0	10	x	x	x
Fijian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hawaiian	15	0	10	x	x	x
Maori	0	0	0	x	x	x
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Samoan	0	0	10	x	x	x
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	9,400	...	...	x	...	...
Owner	6,590	...	...	x	...	...
Renter	2,805	...	...	x	...	...
Band housing	10	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	9,400	...	...	x	...	...
Condominium	340	...	...	x	...	...
Not condominium	9,060	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	9,400	...	...	x	...	...
No bedrooms	65	...	...	x	...	...
1 bedroom	1,050	...	...	x	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,390	...	...	x	...	...
3 bedrooms	3,245	...	...	x	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,655	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	9,400	...	...	x	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	2,130	...	...	x	...	...
5 rooms	1,515	...	...	x	...	...
6 rooms	1,540	...	...	x	...	...
7 rooms	1,220	...	...	x	...	...
8 or more rooms	2,990	...	...	x	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.5	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	9,400	...	...	x	...	...
One person or fewer per room	9,320	...	...	x	...	...
More than 1 person per room	80	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	9,400	...	...	x	...	...
Suitable	9,105	...	...	x	...	...
Not suitable	290	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	9,400	...	...	x	...	...
1960 or before	3,655	...	...	x	...	...
1961 to 1980	3,470	...	...	x	...	...
1981 to 1990	725	...	...	x	...	...
1991 to 2000	810	...	...	x	...	...
2001 to 2005	170	...	...	x	...	...
2006 to 2010	370	...	...	x	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	210	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	9,395	...	...	x	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	8,560	...	...	x	...	...
Major repairs needed	840	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	9,395	...	...	x	...	...
1 household maintainer	6,170	...	...	x	...	...
2 household maintainers	3,070	...	...	x	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	165	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	9,395	...	...	x	...	...
15 to 24 years	265	...	...	x	...	...
25 to 34 years	965	...	...	x	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,145	...	...	x	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,670	...	...	x	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,165	...	...	x	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,765	...	...	x	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,040	...	...	x	...	...
85 years and over	390	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	9,235	...	...	x	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	6,945	...	...	x	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	2,290	...	...	x	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,030	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	6,485	...	...	x	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	54.8	...	...	x	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	13.3	...	...	x	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	726	...	...	x	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	868	...	...	x	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	224,958	...	...	x	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	242,429	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,755	...	...	x	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	17.1	...	...	x	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	52.0	...	...	x	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	750	...	...	x	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	790	...	...	x	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	17,170	8,405	8,770	x	x	x
No certificate, diploma or degree	4,555	2,270	2,290	x	x	x
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	5,185	2,445	2,735	x	x	x
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,435	3,690	3,740	x	x	x
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,240	1,780	460	x	x	x
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	875	595	280	x	x	x
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,365	1,190	180	x	x	x
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	3,390	1,175	2,215	x	x	x
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	445	170	275	x	x	x
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,355	565	795	x	x	x
Bachelor's degree	895	365	530	x	x	x
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	115	45	65	x	x	x
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	30	25	0	x	x	x
Master's degree	285	100	185	x	x	x
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	30	20	10	x	x	x
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	10,340	4,960	5,380	x	x	x
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,015	1,075	940	x	x	x
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	3,040	1,385	1,655	x	x	x
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,285	2,505	2,780	x	x	x
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,425	1,135	285	x	x	x
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	580	415	170	x	x	x
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	840	725	115	x	x	x
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	2,550	865	1,680	x	x	x
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	325	125	200	x	x	x
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	995	380	615	x	x	x
Bachelor's degree	655	250	405	x	x	x
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	80	25	50	x	x	x
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	10	10	x	x	x
Master's degree	225	80	150	x	x	x
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	20	15	0	x	x	x
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	17,170	8,410	8,770	x	x	x
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	9,740	4,715	5,025	x	x	x
Education	485	125	360	x	x	x
13. Education	480	125	360	x	x	x
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	190	85	105	x	x	x
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	35	20	15	x	x	x
50. Visual and performing arts	155	70	90	x	x	x
Humanities	170	85	85	x	x	x
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	25	15	10	x	x	x
23. English language and literature/letters	25	10	15	x	x	x
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	45	10	40	x	x	x
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	x	x	x
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	x	x	x
39. Theology and religious vocations	35	25	10	x	x	x
54. History	40	35	0	x	x	x
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	x	x	x
Social and behavioural sciences and law	585	125	460	x	x	x
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	10	0	x	x	x
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	30	10	30	x	x	x
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	275	35	235	x	x	x
22. Legal professions and studies	80	15	70	x	x	x
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	10	x	x	x
42. Psychology	80	30	50	x	x	x
45. Social sciences	105	35	70	x	x	x
Business, management and public administration	1,195	320	870	x	x	x
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	0	x	x	x
44. Public administration and social service professions	160	30	130	x	x	x
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,030	280	745	x	x	x
Physical and life sciences and technologies	140	80	55	x	x	x
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	50	30	15	x	x	x
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15	0	10	x	x	x
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	10	0	x	x	x
40. Physical sciences	40	30	15	x	x	x
41. Science technologies/technicians	25	15	10	x	x	x
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	110	85	25	x	x	x
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	105	80	25	x	x	x
25. Library science	0	0	0	x	x	x
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0	x	x	x
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,050	1,975	75	x	x	x
04. Architecture and related services	10	10	0	x	x	x
14. Engineering	85	80	10	x	x	x
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	235	210	25	x	x	x
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	x	x	x
46. Construction trades	655	635	20	x	x	x
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	695	680	15	x	x	x
48. Precision production	375	365	10	x	x	x
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	285	225	55	x	x	x
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	95	70	30	x	x	x
03. Natural resources and conservation	185	160	25	x	x	x
Health and related fields	1,460	250	1,210	x	x	x
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	55	35	15	x	x	x
51. Health professions and related programs	1,400	210	1,185	x	x	x
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	10	0	x	x	x
Personal, protective and transportation services	775	330	435	x	x	x
12. Personal and culinary services	490	115	380	x	x	x
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	x	x	x
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	x	x	x
43. Security and protective services	65	40	30	x	x	x
49. Transportation and materials moving	215	175	35	x	x	x
Other	0	0	0	x	x	x
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	x	x	x
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	10,340	4,960	5,380	x	x	x
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	5,055	2,460	2,600	x	x	x
Education	350	85	265	x	x	x
13. Education	350	85	265	x	x	x
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	135	55	80	x	x	x
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	0	15	x	x	x
50. Visual and performing arts	110	50	65	x	x	x
Humanities	85	40	50	x	x	x
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	15	10	15	x	x	x
23. English language and literature/letters	10	10	0	x	x	x
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	30	0	20	x	x	x
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	x	x	x
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	x	x	x
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	10	10	x	x	x
54. History	10	10	0	x	x	x
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	x	x	x
Social and behavioural sciences and law	425	85	340	x	x	x
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	x	x	x
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	20	0	15	x	x	x
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	175	25	150	x	x	x
22. Legal professions and studies	75	10	65	x	x	x
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	10	x	x	x
42. Psychology	55	15	35	x	x	x
45. Social sciences	85	25	60	x	x	x
Business, management and public administration	870	230	640	x	x	x
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	10	0	x	x	x
44. Public administration and social service professions	140	25	120	x	x	x
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	725	200	525	x	x	x
Physical and life sciences and technologies	100	65	35	x	x	x
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	45	30	15	x	x	x
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	10	0	x	x	x
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	x	x	x
40. Physical sciences	35	20	10	x	x	x
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	15	10	x	x	x
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	95	75	20	x	x	x
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	90	75	15	x	x	x
25. Library science	0	0	0	x	x	x
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	x	x	x
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,315	1,250	65	x	x	x
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	0	x	x	x
14. Engineering	70	65	0	x	x	x
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	165	145	20	x	x	x
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	x	x	x
46. Construction trades	440	420	20	x	x	x
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	415	410	10	x	x	x
48. Precision production	220	210	10	x	x	x
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	185	155	35	x	x	x
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	50	40	15	x	x	x
03. Natural resources and conservation	135	115	20	x	x	x
Health and related fields	1,115	175	935	x	x	x
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	50	25	15	x	x	x
51. Health professions and related programs	1,060	150	915	x	x	x
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	0	0	x	x	x
Personal, protective and transportation services	615	290	325	x	x	x
12. Personal and culinary services	370	95	280	x	x	x
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	x	x	x
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	x	x	x
43. Security and protective services	60	35	25	x	x	x
49. Transportation and materials moving	180	160	20	x	x	x
Other	0	0	0	x	x	x
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	x	x	x
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	17,175	8,405	8,770	x	x	x
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	9,735	4,710	5,025	x	x	x
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	7,435	3,695	3,745	x	x	x
Location of study inside Canada	6,935	3,440	3,490	x	x	x
Same as province or territory of residence	5,830	2,810	3,015	x	x	x
Different than province or territory of residence	1,105	630	475	x	x	x
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	505	250	255	x	x	x
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	120	55	65	x	x	x
Philippines	30	15	20	x	x	x
India	45	25	25	x	x	x
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	95	60	35	x	x	x
China^{Census data footnote 162}	15	10	10	x	x	x
France	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other	195	100	100	x	x	x
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	10,345	4,965	5,380	x	x	x
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,055	2,460	2,600	x	x	x
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	5,285	2,505	2,780	x	x	x
Location of study inside Canada	5,005	2,375	2,625	x	x	x
Same as province or territory of residence	4,345	2,005	2,340	x	x	x
Different than province or territory of residence	665	380	290	x	x	x
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	280	130	155	x	x	x
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	90	40	50	x	x	x
Philippines	35	10	20	x	x	x
India	45	20	20	x	x	x
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	35	20	10	x	x	x
China^{Census data footnote 162}	15	10	10	x	x	x
France	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other	65	30	40	x	x	x
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	17,170	8,405	8,770	x	x	x
In the labour force	9,080	4,780	4,295	x	x	x
Employed	8,140	4,225	3,915	x	x	x
Unemployed	940	555	380	x	x	x
Not in the labour force	8,095	3,625	4,475	x	x	x
Participation rate	52.9	56.9	49.0	x	x	x
Employment rate	47.4	50.3	44.6	x	x	x
Unemployment rate	10.4	11.6	8.8	x	x	x
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	17,175	8,405	8,770	x	x	x
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	7,635	3,360	4,275	x	x	x
Worked	9,540	5,040	4,495	x	x	x
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	3,675	2,085	1,595	x	x	x
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	5,865	2,965	2,895	x	x	x
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.0	39.8	40.3	x	x	x
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	9,080	4,785	4,295	x	x	x
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	255	130	120	x	x	x
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	8,825	4,650	4,175	x	x	x
Employee	7,750	4,010	3,740	x	x	x
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	1,075	645	430	x	x	x
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	9,075	4,780	4,295	x	x	x
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	255	130	120	x	x	x
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	8,825	4,650	4,175	x	x	x
0 Management occupations	745	395	350	x	x	x
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	930	235	695	x	x	x
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	255	220	35	x	x	x
3 Health occupations	670	145	525	x	x	x
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,095	240	855	x	x	x
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	235	105	130	x	x	x
6 Sales and service occupations	2,210	810	1,395	x	x	x
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,730	1,650	80	x	x	x
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	470	430	40	x	x	x
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	485	415	70	x	x	x
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	9,080	4,780	4,295	x	x	x
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	250	135	125	x	x	x
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	8,825	4,650	4,170	x	x	x
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	600	515	90	x	x	x
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	75	70	0	x	x	x
22 Utilities	20	15	0	x	x	x
23 Construction	695	635	55	x	x	x
31-33 Manufacturing	845	760	85	x	x	x
41 Wholesale trade	145	105	35	x	x	x
44-45 Retail trade	1,290	555	735	x	x	x
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	315	270	50	x	x	x
51 Information and cultural industries	115	65	45	x	x	x
52 Finance and insurance	220	65	155	x	x	x
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	115	75	45	x	x	x
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	330	120	215	x	x	x
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	x	x	x
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	315	175	135	x	x	x
61 Educational services	535	150	385	x	x	x
62 Health care and social assistance	1,315	215	1,100	x	x	x
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	185	110	75	x	x	x
72 Accommodation and food services	790	285	505	x	x	x
81 Other services (except public administration)	515	240	270	x	x	x
91 Public administration	390	215	175	x	x	x
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	8,140	4,225	3,915	x	x	x
Worked at home	525	240	285	x	x	x
Worked outside Canada	10	10	0	x	x	x
No fixed workplace address	1,295	1,050	245	x	x	x
Worked at usual place	6,305	2,925	3,385	x	x	x
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	6,305	2,925	3,385	x	x	x
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	4,440	1,885	2,555	x	x	x
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,275	625	650	x	x	x
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	530	370	165	x	x	x
Commute to a different province or territory	60	45	15	x	x	x
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	7,605	3,975	3,625	x	x	x
Car, truck, van - as a driver	6,145	3,180	2,965	x	x	x
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	555	300	255	x	x	x
Public transit	160	100	60	x	x	x
Walked	435	195	240	x	x	x
Bicycle	90	55	35	x	x	x
Other method	225	150	75	x	x	x
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	7,605	3,975	3,625	x	x	x
Less than 15 minutes	5,105	2,320	2,785	x	x	x
15 to 29 minutes	1,245	720	530	x	x	x
30 to 44 minutes	380	265	115	x	x	x
45 to 59 minutes	200	130	75	x	x	x
60 minutes and over	665	540	125	x	x	x
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	7,605	3,980	3,630	x	x	x
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	650	570	85	x	x	x
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,080	750	335	x	x	x
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,710	945	765	x	x	x
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,760	610	1,155	x	x	x
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	985	345	645	x	x	x
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,410	760	650	x	x	x
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	9,890	5,215	4,675	x	x	x
Single responses	9,865	5,200	4,660	x	x	x
Official languages	9,830	5,185	4,650	x	x	x
English	9,805	5,180	4,630	x	x	x
French	25	10	20	x	x	x
Non-official languages	25	15	10	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages	0	10	0	x	x	x
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Blackfoot	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Atikamekw	0	0	0	x	x	x
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Moose Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Naskapi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Plains Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Woods Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malecite	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ojibway	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Beaver	0	0	0	x	x	x
Carrier	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chilcotin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dene	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gwich'in	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sekani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	x	x	x
South Slavey	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haida	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuit languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuktitut	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cayuga	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mohawk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oneida	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kutenai	0	0	0	x	x	x
Michif	0	0	0	x	x	x
Salish languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Comox	0	0	0	x	x	x
Halkomelem	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lillooet	0	0	0	x	x	x
Okanagan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Squamish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Straits	0	0	0	x	x	x
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Siouan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dakota	0	0	0	x	x	x
Stoney	0	0	0	x	x	x
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tlingit	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nisga'a	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haisla	0	0	0	x	x	x
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	10	10	0	x	x	x
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal languages	25	15	15	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Berber languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kabyle	0	0	0	x	x	x
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bilen	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oromo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Somali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Semitic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Amharic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Arabic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Harari	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hebrew	0	0	0	x	x	x
Maltese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tigrigna	0	0	0	x	x	x
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Vietnamese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bikol	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cebuano	0	0	0	x	x	x
Fijian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ilocano	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malagasy	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malay	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pangasinan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kannada	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malayalam	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tamil	0	0	0	x	x	x
Telugu	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Indo-European languages	15	10	0	x	x	x
Albanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Armenian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Baltic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Latvian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lithuanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Belarusan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bosnian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bulgarian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Croatian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Czech	0	0	0	x	x	x
Macedonian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Polish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Russian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Serbian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slovak	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ukrainian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Celtic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Welsh	0	0	0	x	x	x
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Germanic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Afrikaans	0	0	0	x	x	x
Danish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dutch	0	0	0	x	x	x
Frisian	0	0	0	x	x	x
German	0	0	0	x	x	x
Icelandic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Norwegian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swedish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yiddish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Greek	0	0	0	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages	15	10	0	x	x	x
Indo-Aryan languages	15	10	0	x	x	x
Bengali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gujarati	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hindi	10	10	0	x	x	x
Kashmiri	0	0	0	x	x	x
Konkani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Marathi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nepali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sindhi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Urdu	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iranian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kurdish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pashto	0	0	0	x	x	x
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Catalan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Italian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Portuguese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Romanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Spanish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Japanese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Georgian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Korean	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mongolian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bamanankan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Edo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ewe	0	0	0	x	x	x
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ga	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ganda	0	0	0	x	x	x
Igbo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lingala	0	0	0	x	x	x
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Shona	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swahili	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wolof	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yoruba	0	0	0	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dinka	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sign languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
American Sign Language	0	0	10	x	x	x
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	10	x	x	x
Chinese languages	10	0	0	x	x	x
Cantonese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hakka	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mandarin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Min Dong	0	0	0	x	x	x
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Burmese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Karenic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibetan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lao	0	0	0	x	x	x
Thai	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uyghur	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uzbek	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uralic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Estonian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Finnish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hungarian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Multiple responses	30	15	10	x	x	x
English and French	10	10	10	x	x	x
English and non-official language	20	10	10	x	x	x
French and non-official language	0	0	0	x	x	x
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	9,890	5,215	4,675	x	x	x
None	9,720	5,140	4,580	x	x	x
English	35	15	25	x	x	x
French	60	25	40	x	x	x
Non-official language	65	35	30	x	x	x
Aboriginal	25	0	25	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal	40	35	10	x	x	x
English and French	0	0	0	x	x	x
English and non-official language	0	0	0	x	x	x
French and non-official language	0	0	0	x	x	x
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	20,150	9,915	10,235	x	x	x
Non-movers	16,990	8,355	8,635	x	x	x
Movers	3,160	1,555	1,605	x	x	x
Non-migrants	2,185	1,080	1,105	x	x	x
Migrants	975	480	495	x	x	x
Internal migrants	920	450	475	x	x	x
Intraprovincial migrants	700	320	385	x	x	x
Interprovincial migrants	220	130	90	x	x	x
External migrants	55	35	20	x	x	x
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	19,355	9,505	9,855	x	x	x
Non-movers	11,930	5,860	6,065	x	x	x
Movers	7,430	3,640	3,790	x	x	x
Non-migrants	4,785	2,330	2,455	x	x	x
Migrants	2,640	1,310	1,335	x	x	x
Internal migrants	2,530	1,255	1,275	x	x	x
Intraprovincial migrants	2,060	970	1,090	x	x	x
Interprovincial migrants	470	285	185	x	x	x
External migrants	115	50	60	x	x	x

Symbol(s):

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...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

x

area and data suppression

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

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Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

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Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

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Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

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Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

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Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

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Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

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Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

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Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 37 referrer

Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 38 referrer

Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

Return to footnote 39 referrer

Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Port Alberni [Population centre], British Columbia and Gwayasdums 1, IRI [Census subdivision], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 29, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Port Alberni [Population centre], British Columbia and Gwayasdums 1, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Port Alberni [Population centre], British Columbia and Gwayasdums 1, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], British Columbia

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Port Alberni [Population centre], British Columbia and Gwayasdums 1, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], British Columbia