Census Profile, 2016 Census
Saint John [Population centre], New Brunswick and Attawapiskat 91A, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Ontario

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Saint John New Brunswick [Population centre]			Attawapiskat 91A, IRI Ontario [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Saint John [Population centre], New Brunswick Map : Saint John [Population centre], New Brunswick Change geography 1			Data quality : Attawapiskat 91A, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Ontario Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	58,341	...	...	1,501	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	60,459 ^r	...	...	..	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-3.5	...	...	..	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	29,828	...	...	415	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	26,448	...	...	387	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,001.2	...	...	840.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	58.27	...	...	1.79	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	58,325	27,450	30,875	1,505	785	710
0 to 14 years	8,735	4,465	4,280	480	225	250
0 to 4 years	2,865	1,470	1,395	195	80	115
5 to 9 years	3,090	1,590	1,495	155	75	75
10 to 14 years	2,785	1,405	1,385	135	70	65
15 to 64 years	38,160	18,260	19,900	935	510	425
15 to 19 years	3,035	1,540	1,495	145	85	60
20 to 24 years	3,805	1,880	1,925	125	60	65
25 to 29 years	3,885	1,930	1,955	160	95	70
30 to 34 years	3,565	1,695	1,870	115	65	50
35 to 39 years	3,485	1,645	1,840	95	45	45
40 to 44 years	3,595	1,700	1,900	80	45	40
45 to 49 years	3,625	1,685	1,940	75	40	30
50 to 54 years	4,540	2,150	2,390	65	30	30
55 to 59 years	4,560	2,135	2,425	40	20	15
60 to 64 years	4,065	1,910	2,155	40	20	15
65 years and over	11,430	4,725	6,700	85	50	35
65 to 69 years	3,615	1,675	1,940	45	30	10
70 to 74 years	2,545	1,130	1,410	20	10	15
75 to 79 years	1,935	805	1,130	10	5	5
80 to 84 years	1,540	610	925	5	5	5
85 years and over	1,800	505	1,295	0	5	0
85 to 89 years	1,070	345	725	0	0	0
90 to 94 years	540	125	415	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	160	30	125	0	0	0
100 years and over	30	0	30	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.0	16.3	13.9	31.9	28.7	35.2
15 to 64 years	65.4	66.5	64.5	62.1	65.0	59.9
65 years and over	19.6	17.2	21.7	5.6	6.4	4.9
85 years and over	3.1	1.8	4.2	0.0	0.6	0.0
Average age of the population	42.9	41.2	44.4	27.5	28.6	26.3
Median age of the population	43.7	41.8	45.5	25.0	25.8	22.9
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	26,450	...	...	390	...	...
Single-detached house	9,680	...	...	280	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,800	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	14,555	...	...	60	...	...
Semi-detached house	860	...	...	40	...	...
Row house	1,835	...	...	15	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	2,955	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	8,790	...	...	10	...	...
Other single-attached house	110	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	410	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	26,445	...	...	390	...	...
1 person	9,480	...	...	85	...	...
2 persons	9,410	...	...	70	...	...
3 persons	3,900	...	...	55	...	...
4 persons	2,455	...	...	40	...	...
5 or more persons	1,205	...	...	140	...	...
Number of persons in private households	56,410	...	...	1,500	...	...
Average household size	2.1	...	...	3.8	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	49,590	22,995	26,595	1,025	560	460
Married or living common law	24,615	12,320	12,300	450	225	225
Married	19,370	9,685	9,690	235	120	115
Living common law	5,250	2,630	2,615	215	110	105
Not married and not living common law	24,970	10,675	14,295	575	335	240
Never married	15,200	7,680	7,520	500	295	200
Separated	2,065	810	1,250	35	25	10
Divorced	3,895	1,505	2,385	15	5	15
Widowed	3,810	675	3,140	30	10	15
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	15,905	...	...	355	...	...
2 persons	9,260	...	...	110	...	...
3 persons	3,540	...	...	95	...	...
4 persons	2,230	...	...	65	...	...
5 or more persons	875	...	...	80	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	3.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	15,905	...	...	355	...	...
Total couple families	12,000	...	...	215	...	...
Married couples	9,380	...	...	110	...	...
Common-law couples	2,620	...	...	105	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	3,905	...	...	140	...	...
Female parent	3,260	...	...	80	...	...
Male parent	645	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	12,000	...	...	215	...	...
Couples without children	6,740	...	...	55	...	...
Couples with children	5,265	...	...	160	...	...
1 child	2,530	...	...	50	...	...
2 children	1,945	...	...	45	...	...
3 or more children	780	...	...	70	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	3,905	...	...	140	...	...
1 child	2,520	...	...	55	...	...
2 children	1,015	...	...	45	...	...
3 or more children	370	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	13,645	6,175	7,465	235	140	95
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	26,445	...	...	385	...	...
One-census-family households	15,270	...	...	225	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	6,500	...	...	35	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	8,770	...	...	190	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	315	...	...	60	...	...
Non-census-family households	10,860	...	...	105	...	...
One-person households	9,480	...	...	85	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	1,385	...	...	20	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	57,120	26,985	30,135	1,500	790	715
English only	48,840	23,440	25,405	1,425	750	675
French only	90	45	45	0	0	0
English and French	7,580	3,190	4,395	0	0	5
Neither English nor French	610	315	295	75	40	40
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	57,120	26,985	30,135	1,500	785	715
English	54,130	25,585	28,545	1,430	750	675
French	2,220	1,000	1,220	5	0	0
English and French	180	90	90	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	590	310	285	70	35	35
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	2,310	1,050	1,265	0	0	0
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	4.0	3.9	4.2	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	57,120	26,985	30,135	1,500	785	715
Single responses	56,580	26,730	29,850	1,440	755	690
Official languages	53,625	25,190	28,435	235	125	110
English	51,230	24,125	27,100	235	130	110
French	2,395	1,065	1,330	5	0	5
Non-official languages	2,955	1,540	1,415	1,205	630	575
Aboriginal languages	5	0	0	1,190	615	575
Algonquian languages	5	0	5	1,190	620	575
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	1,180	615	565
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	1,180	615	565
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	5	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	10	0	5
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,950	1,535	1,410	10	10	5
Afro-Asiatic languages	720	410	310	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	20	10	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	700	400	300	0	0	0
Amharic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	670	385	285	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	30	15	15	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	5	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	75	30	45	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	80	30	45	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	155	65	90	5	5	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	15	5	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	0	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	5	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	135	60	80	5	0	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	40	25	20	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	5	10	0	0	0
Tamil	10	5	5	0	0	0
Telugu	25	15	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,010	535	470	5	5	0
Albanian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Armenian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	175	90	90	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	180	85	95	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	5	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Russian	115	55	60	0	0	0
Serbian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	5	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	110	50	55	5	5	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dutch	40	20	15	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	60	25	30	5	5	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	50	35	15	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	360	210	155	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	225	140	90	5	0	0
Bengali	50	25	20	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	5	5	0	0	0
Hindi	45	35	10	5	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	35	15	20	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	20	10	5	0	0	0
Sindhi	10	0	5	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	60	35	25	0	0	0
Iranian languages	130	70	60	0	0	0
Kurdish	20	10	5	0	0	0
Pashto	5	5	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	110	55	55	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	300	150	150	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	30	15	10	0	0	0
Portuguese	55	25	30	0	0	0
Romanian	40	25	20	0	0	0
Spanish	175	85	90	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	190	95	95	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	80	40	40	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	5	5	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Shona	5	0	5	0	0	0
Swahili	20	15	5	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	5	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	25	10	15	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	0	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	0	5	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	590	295	300	0	0	0
Chinese languages	590	295	295	0	0	0
Cantonese	75	40	35	0	0	0
Hakka	5	0	5	0	0	0
Mandarin	445	215	225	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	15	10	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	55	35	25	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	20	15	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	20	5	15	0	0	0
Estonian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Finnish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	540	255	285	60	30	25
English and French	325	165	160	0	0	0
English and non-official language	205	85	120	60	30	30
French and non-official language	10	0	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	5	5	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	57,120	26,985	30,135	1,500	785	710
Single responses	56,430	26,650	29,785	1,430	750	675
Official languages	54,425	25,620	28,800	700	365	335
English	53,580	25,235	28,345	695	360	335
French	850	390	455	0	0	0
Non-official languages	2,005	1,025	980	730	385	340
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	725	390	340
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	730	390	340
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	725	385	340
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	725	390	340
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,010	1,025	980	5	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	635	345	295	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	15	10	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	620	335	285	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	585	315	265	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	35	15	20	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	65	30	40	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	70	30	40	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	80	35	40	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	5	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	70	35	35	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	5	5	0	0	0	0
Telugu	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	495	245	250	0	0	0
Albanian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	100	50	50	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	105	50	50	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	75	35	40	0	0	0
Serbian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	5	5	5	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	5	0	5	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	25	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	225	120	105	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	125	65	60	0	0	0
Bengali	35	15	15	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	5	5	0	0	0
Hindi	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	30	15	15	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	5	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	35	20	15	0	0	0
Iranian languages	100	55	45	0	0	0
Kurdish	15	10	5	0	0	0
Pashto	10	5	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	80	40	40	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	130	60	70	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Portuguese	25	10	15	0	0	0
Romanian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Spanish	80	40	40	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	175	90	80	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	50	20	25	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	20	10	10	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	5	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	10	5	5	0	5
American Sign Language	10	5	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	0	5	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	470	235	230	0	0	0
Chinese languages	465	235	230	0	0	0
Cantonese	45	25	20	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	360	175	185	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	40	25	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	685	330	350	75	35	35
English and French	215	100	110	0	0	0
English and non-official language	450	220	230	75	35	40
French and non-official language	5	5	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	5	5	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	57,120	26,985	30,135	1,500	785	715
None	53,970	25,510	28,455	905	475	425
English	1,165	555	610	315	170	145
French	1,230	530	705	5	5	0
Non-official language	685	355	330	275	140	135
Aboriginal	5	5	5	270	140	135
Non-Aboriginal	680	355	330	5	5	0
English and French	20	10	10	0	0	0
English and non-official language	25	10	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	25	10	15	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	47,695	22,225	25,475	1,020	560	460
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	45,250	20,925	24,325	915	505	415
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,455	35,094	26,105	17,792	17,685	18,624
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	45,265	20,925	24,335	920	500	415
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,067	31,196	24,334	17,792	17,685	18,624
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	38,830	18,475	20,355	600	375	230
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,341	34,159	24,089	20,403	19,456	21,632
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	33,935	14,155	19,780	785	405	380
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,175	7,057	7,197	5,040	1,250	8,299
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	31,650	15,545	16,110	590	365	225
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,310	34,413	25,835	20,365	19,456	21,216
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	47,900	22,330	25,570	1,020	560	460
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	45,480	20,995	24,485	915	500	415
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,925	42,858	31,838	24,657	23,542	26,004
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	45,495	21,000	24,495	915	500	415
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,415	35,612	27,817	23,812	22,590	25,287
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	38,830	18,480	20,350	600	370	230
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,839	42,511	29,779	26,441	25,229	28,401
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	34,255	14,270	19,990	780	400	380
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,402	8,002	8,688	8,538	5,978	11,268
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	31,735	15,555	16,180	590	370	225
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,570	42,137	31,218	26,114	24,763	28,343
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	47,900	22,330	25,570	1,020	560	460
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	16,140	8,245	7,895	230	135	100
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	43,293	48,031	39,276	32,576	29,632	35,507
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	50,792	56,796	44,523	38,274	34,630	43,169
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	83.3	87.6	78.2	69.9	78.5	60.5
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	69.2	73.0	64.7	68.3	76.8	59.1
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	16.7	12.4	21.8	29.4	20.6	39.2
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	47,700	22,220	25,475	1,025	560	460
Without total income	2,445	1,295	1,150	105	60	45
With total income	45,255	20,925	24,330	915	500	415
Percentage with total income	94.9	94.2	95.5	89.3	89.3	90.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	6,635	3,015	3,620	280	160	120
$10,000 to $19,999	8,220	2,975	5,245	205	105	100
$20,000 to $29,999	8,155	3,105	5,050	150	90	55
$30,000 to $39,999	6,255	2,785	3,470	95	55	35
$40,000 to $49,999	5,030	2,310	2,720	55	35	25
$50,000 to $59,999	3,200	1,755	1,440	45	10	40
$60,000 to $69,999	2,255	1,415	840	35	20	15
$70,000 to $79,999	1,695	925	765	10	5	5
$80,000 to $89,999	1,210	700	510	15	10	5
$90,000 to $99,999	790	515	280	15	5	5
$100,000 and over	1,810	1,425	385	10	5	5
$100,000 to $149,999	1,425	1,125	305	5	5	5
$150,000 and over	380	300	80	0	0	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	47,700	22,220	25,475	1,025	560	460
Without after-tax income	2,435	1,295	1,140	105	60	45
With after-tax income	45,265	20,930	24,330	915	500	415
Percentage with after-tax income	94.9	94.2	95.5	89.3	89.3	90.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	6,835	3,055	3,780	280	160	120
$10,000 to $19,999	8,795	3,220	5,575	210	105	100
$20,000 to $29,999	9,420	3,760	5,660	150	95	55
$30,000 to $39,999	7,545	3,410	4,140	90	50	40
$40,000 to $49,999	4,955	2,575	2,390	60	35	25
$50,000 to $59,999	3,020	1,805	1,220	45	15	35
$60,000 to $69,999	2,005	1,135	865	40	20	15
$70,000 to $79,999	1,125	765	360	20	10	10
$80,000 and over	1,555	1,215	340	15	10	10
$80,000 to $89,999	605	475	130	5	0	5
$90,000 to $99,999	370	290	85	5	5	0
$100,000 and over	580	450	130	5	0	5
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	47,695	22,220	25,475	1,020	560	460
Without employment income	16,045	6,680	9,365	430	195	240
With employment income	31,655	15,545	16,110	590	370	220
Percentage with employment income	66.4	70.0	63.2	57.8	66.1	47.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	4,045	1,875	2,175	130	80	45
$5,000 to $9,999	2,520	1,075	1,445	80	45	30
$10,000 to $19,999	4,615	1,920	2,695	90	60	25
$20,000 to $29,999	4,930	2,085	2,840	85	65	20
$30,000 to $39,999	4,110	1,915	2,195	80	45	35
$40,000 to $49,999	3,280	1,530	1,745	35	15	10
$50,000 to $59,999	2,115	1,220	895	30	5	20
$60,000 to $69,999	1,630	1,030	605	30	15	10
$70,000 to $79,999	1,345	690	655	10	5	5
$80,000 and over	3,060	2,210	850	35	25	10
$80,000 to $89,999	1,005	590	415	15	10	5
$90,000 to $99,999	615	430	185	10	5	0
$100,000 and over	1,435	1,185	250	10	5	5
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	26,450	...	...	385	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	49,891	...	...	48,512	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	44,940	...	...	48,341	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	9,480	...	...	85	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	28,346	...	...	24,992	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	26,027	...	...	24,640	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	16,965	...	...	300	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	67,446	...	...	55,381	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	59,927	...	...	55,381	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	26,505	...	...	390	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	63,357	...	...	58,361	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	53,919	...	...	56,360	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	9,520	...	...	85	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	36,019	...	...	33,354	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,703	...	...	30,593	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	16,990	...	...	300	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	78,678	...	...	65,400	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	66,930	...	...	63,613	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	26,450	...	...	385	...	...
Under $5,000	575	...	...	30	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	1,075	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	775	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,730	...	...	20	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,765	...	...	25	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,550	...	...	25	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,525	...	...	15	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,510	...	...	20	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,400	...	...	25	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,350	...	...	20	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,220	...	...	35	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,910	...	...	40	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,650	...	...	15	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,345	...	...	25	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,105	...	...	15	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,965	...	...	60	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,025	...	...	30	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,300	...	...	15	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,095	...	...	10	...	...
$200,000 and over	545	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	26,445	...	...	385	...	...
Under $5,000	585	...	...	25	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	1,085	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	790	...	...	15	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,845	...	...	25	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,010	...	...	30	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,750	...	...	20	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,795	...	...	20	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,790	...	...	15	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,600	...	...	20	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,460	...	...	20	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,500	...	...	40	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,180	...	...	45	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,620	...	...	20	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,285	...	...	20	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,065	...	...	10	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,095	...	...	55	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,675	...	...	30	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	775	...	...	10	...	...
$150,000 and over	640	...	...	15	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	15,935	...	...	290	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	67,627	...	...	56,448	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	59,965	...	...	56,448	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	4.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	6,325	...	...	30	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,271	...	...	38,784	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	60,241	...	...	38,784	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	5,340	...	...	160	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	93,710	...	...	67,072	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	80,856	...	...	66,048	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.8	...	...	5.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	3,705	...	...	85	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	38,669	...	...	52,736	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	37,175	...	...	52,685	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	15,970	...	...	290	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	79,170	...	...	65,618	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	67,210	...	...	63,939	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	6,300	...	...	30	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,050	...	...	48,579	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	65,730	...	...	46,836	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	5,425	...	...	160	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	102,706	...	...	76,110	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	86,069	...	...	73,810	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,695	...	...	85	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,051	...	...	55,476	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	42,264	...	...	54,702	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	12,305	5,595	6,710	120	75	45
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	26,833	27,536	26,247	22,349	22,374	20,352
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	24,804	24,945	24,678	22,336	22,368	20,352
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	12,300	5,450	6,850	120	75	45
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	33,736	35,675	32,193	29,639	25,023	37,063
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	28,926	29,919	28,136	27,243	23,115	33,883
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	56,405	26,665	29,745	1,500	790	715
In the bottom half of the distribution	36,355	16,640	19,715	1,220	650	565
In the bottom decile	9,785	4,570	5,215	360	180	180
In the second decile	8,020	3,470	4,550	335	180	160
In the third decile	6,870	3,095	3,775	220	120	105
In the fourth decile	6,190	2,925	3,265	140	80	55
In the fifth decile	5,490	2,575	2,915	160	90	70
In the top half of the distribution	20,050	10,025	10,025	280	140	145
In the sixth decile	5,230	2,570	2,660	85	45	45
In the seventh decile	4,605	2,295	2,315	75	35	40
In the eighth decile	4,395	2,170	2,225	55	25	30
In the ninth decile	3,780	1,895	1,885	45	25	25
In the top decile	2,045	1,100	945	20	10	10
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	56,405	26,665	29,745	0	0	0
0 to 17 years	10,445	5,325	5,115	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	3,500	1,785	1,710	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	35,895	17,020	18,875	0	0	0
65 years and over	10,065	4,315	5,755	0	0	0
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	13,615	6,110	7,505	0	0	0
0 to 17 years	3,800	1,980	1,820	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	1,445	755	685	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	7,895	3,455	4,440	0	0	0
65 years and over	1,920	675	1,245	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	24.1	22.9	25.2	...	...	...
0 to 17 years (%)	36.4	37.2	35.6	...	...	...
0 to 5 years (%)	41.3	42.3	40.1	...	...	...
18 to 64 years (%)	22.0	20.3	23.5	...	...	...
65 years and over (%)	19.1	15.6	21.6	...	...	...
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	8,180	3,875	4,300	0	0	0
0 to 17 years	2,250	1,160	1,090	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	905	460	440	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	5,520	2,570	2,950	0	0	0
65 years and over	410	145	265	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	14.5	14.5	14.5	...	...	...
0 to 17 years (%)	21.5	21.8	21.3	...	...	...
0 to 5 years (%)	25.9	25.8	25.7	...	...	...
18 to 64 years (%)	15.4	15.1	15.6	...	...	...
65 years and over (%)	4.1	3.4	4.6	...	...	...
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	56,580	26,715	29,865	1,500	790	715
Official languages	55,965	26,390	29,580	1,425	750	675
English	55,865	26,355	29,510	1,430	750	675
French	7,585	3,180	4,400	0	0	0
Non-official languages	3,945	1,985	1,955	1,330	695	640
Aboriginal languages	25	0	20	1,315	685	630
Algonquian languages	15	0	15	1,315	680	630
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	1,305	680	630
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	50	25	25
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	1,280	665	615
Eastern Algonquian languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	10	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	10	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,925	1,980	1,940	15	10	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	760	420	335	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	10	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	740	405	335	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	665	380	285	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	80	30	50	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	120	45	80	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	120	45	75	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	150	40	110	10	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	15	0	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	20	0	15	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	120	35	85	0	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	35	25	15	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tamil	0	10	0	0	0	0
Telugu	20	10	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	10	15	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,550	785	765	10	10	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	235	120	110	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	225	120	110	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Czech	10	10	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Polish	15	0	10	0	0	0
Russian	160	80	80	0	0	0
Serbian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	70	35	35	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	220	90	135	10	10	0
Afrikaans	10	0	10	0	0	0
Danish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	30	10	15	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	190	85	110	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	75	60	15	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	480	290	190	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	280	175	100	0	0	0
Bengali	15	10	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	25	10	10	0	0	0
Hindi	220	135	85	0	10	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	15	0	10	0	0	0
Nepali	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	35	35	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	80	55	15	0	0	0
Iranian languages	210	120	95	0	0	0
Kurdish	35	15	15	0	0	0
Pashto	20	10	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	165	90	75	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	585	250	335	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	50	25	25	0	0	0
Portuguese	55	35	25	0	0	0
Romanian	50	20	30	0	0	0
Spanish	450	185	260	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	35	15	20	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	200	115	90	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	220	110	110	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	20	0	20	0	0	0
Bamanankan	30	15	15	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	35	30	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	15	0	10	0	0	0
Swahili	70	25	40	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	15	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	40	15	25	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	230	85	140	0	0	0
American Sign Language	110	45	65	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	125	50	80	0	0	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	715	375	345	0	0	0
Chinese languages	715	375	340	0	0	0
Cantonese	145	65	80	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	500	260	245	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	30	15	20	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	105	60	45	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	50	40	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	45	40	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	56,585	26,720	29,865	0	0	0
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	54,135	25,400	28,730	0	0	0
Canadian citizens aged under 18	9,855	5,005	4,850	0	0	0
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	44,280	20,400	23,885	0	0	0
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	2,445	1,315	1,130	0	0	0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	56,580	26,715	29,865	0	0	0
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	52,360	24,565	27,800	0	0	0
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	3,575	1,740	1,840	0	0	0
Before 1981	1,005	420	585	0	0	0
1981 to 1990	205	130	80	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	275	145	130	0	0	0
2001 to 2010	710	360	350	0	0	0
2001 to 2005	250	120	130	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	460	245	220	0	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	1,385	685	695	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	640	415	225	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	3,580	1,740	1,840	0	0	0
Under 5 years	505	220	285	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	725	355	365	0	0	0
15 to 24 years	590	325	270	0	0	0
25 to 44 years	1,395	650	750	0	0	0
45 years and over	360	190	165	0	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	3,580	1,740	1,840	0	0	0
Americas	615	300	310	0	0	0
Brazil	10	10	0	0	0	0
Colombia	20	10	15	0	0	0
El Salvador	10	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	15	10	10	0	0	0
Mexico	25	0	20	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	10	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	390	185	205	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	140	80	65	0	0	0
Europe	980	440	545	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	15	10	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	15	0	10	0	0	0
Germany	70	20	50	0	0	0
Greece	50	40	15	0	0	0
Hungary	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	20	10	15	0	0	0
Italy	10	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	30	10	20	0	0	0
Poland	15	0	0	0	0	0
Portugal	35	25	15	0	0	0
Romania	45	20	30	0	0	0
Russian Federation	30	20	15	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	40	30	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	535	225	315	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	60	30	30	0	0	0
Africa	230	115	115	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	15	10	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	10	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	10	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	175	80	95	0	0	0
Asia	1,740	870	870	0	0	0
Afghanistan	15	10	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	375	180	190	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	10	0	0	0	0	0
India	155	90	65	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	110	70	50	0	0	0
Iraq	20	10	15	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	160	90	75	0	0	0
Lebanon	65	35	30	0	0	0
Pakistan	50	40	10	0	0	0
Philippines	120	40	80	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	345	180	165	0	0	0
Taiwan	25	10	15	0	0	0
Viet Nam	100	40	60	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	170	75	95	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	20	15	0	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	1,380	685	695	0	0	0
Americas	85	45	40	0	0	0
Brazil	10	10	0	0	0	0
Colombia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	10	10	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	60	35	30	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	60	25	40	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	10	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	15	10	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	10	0	0	0
Africa	140	75	65	0	0	0
Algeria	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	20	15	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	50	25	25	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	10	10	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	10	10	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	50	20	35	0	0	0
Asia	1,085	535	545	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	255	125	125	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	75	50	20	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	75	35	40	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	60	30	30	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	75	35	40	0	0	0
Lebanon	65	35	25	0	0	0
Nepal	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Philippines	30	10	30	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	325	170	155	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Turkey	10	10	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	60	20	35	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	30	10	15	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	56,580	26,715	29,865	1,500	785	715
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	4,350	2,220	2,120	15	10	0
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	4,035	1,815	2,225	0	0	0
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	48,200	22,685	25,515	1,485	780	705
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	2,630	1,350	1,285	0	0	0
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	1,360	685	675	0	0	0
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	540	310	230	0	0	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	815	375	440	0	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	550	280	275	0	0	0
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	710	380	330	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	56,580	26,715	29,865	1,500	785	715
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	1,305	600	700	1,465	765	700
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	1,250	560	695	1,465	765	695
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	775	350	425	1,460	765	695
Métis	445	200	245	0	10	0
Inuk (Inuit)	30	10	20	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	20	10	15	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	30	25	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	55,280	26,120	29,160	35	20	20
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	56,580	26,715	29,865	1,505	790	715
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	285	135	155	1,460	760	695
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	56,295	26,585	29,710	45	25	20
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	56,585	26,715	29,865	1,500	785	715
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	245	90	155	1,430	755	680
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	245	90	155	1,430	750	680
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	200	80	125	1,435	755	680
Métis single ancestry	35	10	25	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	2,905	1,350	1,550	30	15	15
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	2,805	1,320	1,490	35	15	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,360	1,100	1,255	30	15	15
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	395	195	195	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	45	15	35	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	100	35	65	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	100	35	65	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	53,430	25,275	28,160	35	25	15
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	56,585	26,720	29,865	1,505	790	710
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	4,090	2,070	2,020	10	0	10
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	385	220	165	0	0	0
Chinese	765	415	345	0	0	0
Black	1,330	640	690	10	0	0
Filipino	180	60	115	10	0	0
Latin American	155	65	90	0	0	0
Arab	570	325	250	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	130	50	85	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	230	130	100	0	0	0
Korean	185	105	80	0	0	0
Japanese	20	0	15	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	25	10	15	10	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	115	40	75	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	52,490	24,645	27,850	1,490	785	705
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	56,585	26,715	29,865	1,500	785	715
North American Aboriginal origins	3,150	1,445	1,710	1,460	770	700
First Nations (North American Indian)	2,665	1,220	1,440	1,465	765	700
Inuit	60	15	45	0	0	0
Métis	535	245	290	0	0	0
Other North American origins	26,555	12,540	14,015	10	10	10
Acadian	870	470	395	0	0	0
American	630	285	345	0	0	0
Canadian	25,545	12,035	13,515	15	10	10
New Brunswicker	25	10	15	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	75	25	50	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	25	20	10	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	39,065	18,210	20,850	40	25	20
British Isles origins	33,290	15,355	17,945	25	15	10
Channel Islander	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cornish	15	10	10	0	0	0
English	17,540	8,110	9,435	10	0	0
Irish	17,610	7,880	9,735	15	10	10
Manx	10	10	0	0	0	0
Scottish	13,420	6,210	7,210	10	10	0
Welsh	1,025	445	585	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	1,140	490	650	0	0	0
French origins	11,945	5,445	6,505	15	0	0
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	11,945	5,445	6,505	10	0	10
Western European origins (except French origins)	4,210	1,950	2,260	10	10	0
Austrian	85	40	50	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	75	20	50	0	0	0
Dutch	1,475	690	780	0	0	0
Flemish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	2,805	1,310	1,490	10	10	0
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	65	30	35	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	980	510	470	0	0	0
Danish	325	170	155	0	0	0
Finnish	35	15	15	0	0	0
Icelandic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	360	195	165	0	0	0
Swedish	240	135	105	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	80	35	45	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	1,315	610	700	0	0	0
Bulgarian	30	15	20	0	0	0
Byelorussian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Czech	55	55	10	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	25	15	10	0	0	0
Estonian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Hungarian	180	110	70	0	0	0
Latvian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	35	10	30	0	0	0
Moldovan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Polish	410	175	235	0	0	0
Romanian	130	50	75	0	0	0
Russian	225	95	130	0	0	0
Slovak	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	415	185	230	0	0	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Southern European origins	1,400	660	735	0	0	0
Albanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	25	10	20	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	210	120	90	0	0	0
Italian	590	265	325	0	0	0
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	195	105	90	0	0	0
Serbian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	350	160	185	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other European origins	110	70	45	10	0	0
Basque	0	0	10	0	0	0
Jewish	70	35	35	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	30	20	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	260	110	155	0	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Barbadian	25	20	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	20	10	15	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	55	25	30	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	110	35	75	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	15	0	10	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	205	85	120	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	15	15	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	45	20	30	0	0	0
Guyanese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mexican	60	15	45	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	975	495	475	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	265	150	110	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	75	35	35	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	10	0	15	0	0	0
Guinean	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ibo	35	25	10	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	35	20	10	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	75	50	25	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	10	10	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	35	15	15	0	0	0
North African origins	75	60	20	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	10	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	20	20	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	50	35	15	0	0	0
Sudanese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	75	45	30	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	20	0	10	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	30	20	10	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other African origins	605	275	330	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	80	30	50	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	525	245	280	0	0	0
Asian origins	3,150	1,615	1,535	10	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,310	675	635	0	0	0
Afghan	20	10	15	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	185	95	95	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	130	75	55	0	0	0
Iraqi	15	15	0	0	0	0
Israeli	20	10	15	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	15	0	15	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	355	155	200	0	0	0
Palestinian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	15	10	10	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	50	40	10	0	0	0
Syrian	475	260	215	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	10	0	0	0
Turk	30	15	10	0	0	0
Turkmen	10	15	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	20	15	10	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	10	0	10	0	0	0
South Asian origins	430	230	200	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	320	145	170	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	55	30	25	0	0	0
Punjabi	20	15	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	15	15	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,395	690	700	10	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese	865	460	405	0	0	0
Filipino	180	55	120	10	10	10
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	20	0	20	0	0	0
Japanese	35	15	20	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	190	105	80	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	30	20	10	0	0	0
Thai	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	90	40	50	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	25	20	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	25	20	10	0	0	0
Oceania origins	20	15	10	0	0	0
Australian	0	10	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	20	10	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	26,505	...	...	385	...	...
Owner	13,580	...	...	110	...	...
Renter	12,930	...	...	55	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	220	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	26,505	...	...	385	...	...
Condominium	1,395	...	...	10	...	...
Not condominium	25,110	...	...	385	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	26,510	...	...	390	...	...
No bedrooms	150	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	4,150	...	...	25	...	...
2 bedrooms	8,365	...	...	95	...	...
3 bedrooms	9,335	...	...	165	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	4,505	...	...	100	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	26,505	...	...	390	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	8,000	...	...	85	...	...
5 rooms	4,720	...	...	115	...	...
6 rooms	4,330	...	...	100	...	...
7 rooms	3,195	...	...	30	...	...
8 or more rooms	6,260	...	...	55	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.9	...	...	5.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	26,505	...	...	385	...	...
One person or fewer per room	26,330	...	...	330	...	...
More than 1 person per room	175	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	26,505	...	...	390	...	...
Suitable	25,770	...	...	280	...	...
Not suitable	740	...	...	105	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	26,505	...	...	390	...	...
1960 or before	10,585	...	...	0	...	...
1961 to 1980	9,035	...	...	90	...	...
1981 to 1990	2,255	...	...	75	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,935	...	...	75	...	...
2001 to 2005	705	...	...	40	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,160	...	...	40	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	830	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	26,505	...	...	390	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	24,130	...	...	155	...	...
Major repairs needed	2,380	...	...	235	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	26,505	...	...	385	...	...
1 household maintainer	17,670	...	...	255	...	...
2 household maintainers	8,480	...	...	120	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	355	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	26,505	...	...	390	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,345	...	...	25	...	...
25 to 34 years	3,965	...	...	105	...	...
35 to 44 years	4,080	...	...	80	...	...
45 to 54 years	4,840	...	...	75	...	...
55 to 64 years	5,375	...	...	45	...	...
65 to 74 years	3,810	...	...	35	...	...
75 to 84 years	2,205	...	...	15	...	...
85 years and over	890	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	26,330	...	...	0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	19,715	...	...	0	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	6,610	...	...	0	...	...
30% to less than 100%	5,900	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	13,580	...	...	0	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	61.6	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	14.4	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	980	...	...	0	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,038	...	...	0	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	157,359	...	...	0	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	172,668	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	12,930	...	...	0	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	16.1	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	36.5	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	701	...	...	0	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	722	...	...	0	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	47,900	22,330	25,575	1,020	560	465
No certificate, diploma or degree	9,350	4,465	4,885	705	395	310
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	15,755	7,295	8,455	155	90	65
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	22,800	10,565	12,235	160	75	85
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,525	2,585	940	45	35	10
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,785	1,065	720	30	20	10
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,735	1,520	215	15	15	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	10,650	4,135	6,515	65	20	45
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	740	315	425	20	10	15
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	7,885	3,530	4,360	35	15	20
Bachelor's degree	5,660	2,420	3,240	15	10	0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	535	260	280	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	105	60	40	0	0	0
Master's degree	1,440	695	750	10	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	145	95	50	15	0	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	30,970	14,625	16,340	665	365	300
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,695	1,910	1,785	425	240	180
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	10,000	4,820	5,180	105	55	50
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	17,270	7,895	9,375	140	70	70
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,355	1,750	600	40	35	10
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,180	705	475	25	15	0
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,175	1,050	130	15	15	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	8,155	3,245	4,915	55	20	30
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	515	235	280	20	10	10
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,245	2,665	3,580	25	10	20
Bachelor's degree	4,480	1,875	2,605	15	0	0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	385	165	220	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	85	45	40	0	0	0
Master's degree	1,190	525	670	10	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	105	60	40	10	0	10
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	47,900	22,325	25,570	1,025	560	460
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	25,105	11,760	13,340	860	485	375
Education	1,550	500	1,045	30	15	15
13. Education	1,550	505	1,045	30	15	15
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	610	315	295	15	0	15
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	140	120	25	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	470	200	270	15	0	10
Humanities	1,075	405	670	10	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	55	20	40	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	255	75	180	10	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	240	75	165	10	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	65	35	25	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	175	105	75	0	0	0
54. History	230	90	135	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	60	10	50	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,825	595	1,230	10	0	10
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	15	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	165	85	85	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	340	40	305	10	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	280	105	180	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	65	20	40	0	0	0
42. Psychology	475	120	360	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	480	225	255	0	10	0
Business, management and public administration	5,485	1,675	3,810	15	0	10
30.16 Accounting and computer science	30	0	25	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	495	125	375	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,965	1,545	3,415	10	10	0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	635	295	345	0	10	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	245	90	155	10	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	170	80	90	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	10	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	125	90	35	10	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	90	30	60	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,135	710	425	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,010	650	360	0	0	0
25. Library science	55	15	35	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	60	30	35	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	4,915	4,530	390	35	30	0
04. Architecture and related services	55	30	25	0	0	0
14. Engineering	630	525	100	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	990	885	110	10	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,415	1,365	50	20	15	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,165	1,095	70	0	0	0
48. Precision production	670	630	35	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	170	105	65	0	0	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	115	65	55	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	50	40	10	10	0	0
Health and related fields	3,730	520	3,205	30	10	25
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	95	40	60	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	3,600	465	3,135	30	0	25
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	35	15	15	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,670	915	750	15	15	0
12. Personal and culinary services	945	245	695	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	15	15	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	335	300	30	0	0	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	375	355	20	15	10	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	30,965	14,630	16,340	665	365	300
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	13,695	6,730	6,965	525	295	230
Education	955	275	680	30	15	20
13. Education	955	275	680	30	15	20
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	460	245	215	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	95	75	20	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	365	170	195	0	0	0
Humanities	780	260	520	10	0	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	40	15	25	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	190	45	150	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	175	50	125	10	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	40	20	15	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	120	60	60	0	0	0
54. History	175	70	105	10	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	40	10	35	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,480	480	1,000	10	10	10
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	0	15	10	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	150	80	75	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	270	40	230	10	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	235	80	155	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	50	15	35	0	0	0
42. Psychology	360	75	280	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	405	195	215	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	4,305	1,310	2,990	15	0	0
30.16 Accounting and computer science	30	10	25	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	365	95	275	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,905	1,215	2,690	10	0	10
Physical and life sciences and technologies	455	200	260	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	195	60	135	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	115	55	60	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	10	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	95	60	30	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	45	20	30	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	910	580	330	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	810	540	275	0	0	0
25. Library science	45	10	30	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	45	25	20	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,645	3,325	320	30	30	10
04. Architecture and related services	40	10	25	0	0	0
14. Engineering	515	415	100	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	825	735	90	10	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,020	970	50	15	15	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	820	785	40	0	0	0
48. Precision production	425	410	15	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	150	100	55	10	0	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	100	55	40	10	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	50	40	15	0	0	0
Health and related fields	2,855	415	2,440	30	10	20
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	90	35	55	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	2,730	355	2,375	30	10	20
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	30	15	10	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,280	715	560	15	10	10
12. Personal and culinary services	710	195	520	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	245	220	25	10	10	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	310	295	15	10	10	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	47,900	22,325	25,575	1,020	560	460
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	25,105	11,765	13,340	855	480	375
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	22,795	10,565	12,230	165	75	85
Location of study inside Canada	21,245	9,720	11,530	155	75	75
Same as province or territory of residence	17,295	7,750	9,545	145	75	75
Different than province or territory of residence	3,955	1,975	1,985	0	0	0
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,550	845	705	10	0	10
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	375	225	150	0	0	0
Philippines	95	40	55	0	10	0
India	60	25	40	0	10	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	185	130	60	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	175	75	100	0	0	0
France	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other	650	345	305	0	0	10
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	30,970	14,625	16,345	665	365	300
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	13,695	6,730	6,965	525	290	230
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	17,270	7,895	9,375	140	70	70
Location of study inside Canada	15,985	7,225	8,760	130	65	60
Same as province or territory of residence	12,980	5,785	7,195	125	65	60
Different than province or territory of residence	3,010	1,440	1,565	0	0	10
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,285	670	615	10	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	255	140	115	0	0	0
Philippines	85	30	55	10	0	0
India	60	25	40	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	125	85	40	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	170	75	100	0	0	0
France	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other	575	310	270	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	47,900	22,330	25,570	1,020	560	460
In the labour force	29,330	14,460	14,875	510	280	225
Employed	26,505	12,725	13,775	350	195	160
Unemployed	2,830	1,735	1,100	165	90	70
Not in the labour force	18,565	7,865	10,700	505	280	230
Participation rate	61.2	64.8	58.2	50.0	50.0	48.9
Employment rate	55.3	57.0	53.9	34.3	34.8	34.8
Unemployment rate	9.6	12.0	7.4	32.4	32.1	31.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	47,900	22,330	25,575	1,020	560	460
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	17,815	7,630	10,185	540	270	275
Worked	30,085	14,700	15,390	480	290	190
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	16,445	8,445	8,000	240	140	110
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	13,640	6,250	7,390	235	150	80
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.0	42.9	43.1	36.4	34.9	38.9
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	29,335	14,460	14,870	510	280	230
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	875	495	380	105	40	60
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	28,460	13,965	14,490	410	240	170
Employee	26,870	13,035	13,835	400	230	170
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	1,590	930	660	10	10	0
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	29,335	14,465	14,875	515	280	230
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	870	495	380	105	45	60
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	28,465	13,970	14,495	410	240	170
0 Management occupations	2,160	1,185	980	25	15	10
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	4,525	1,365	3,160	40	10	35
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,895	1,445	450	10	0	10
3 Health occupations	2,425	355	2,070	25	10	20
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	3,175	1,005	2,170	85	30	60
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	550	290	255	0	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	9,015	3,885	5,130	120	80	45
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	3,670	3,540	135	80	80	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	295	250	40	10	10	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	760	650	115	10	10	0
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	29,335	14,460	14,875	510	285	230
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	875	495	380	105	45	60
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	28,460	13,970	14,495	405	240	170
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	125	80	45	10	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	230	155	75	15	15	0
22 Utilities	415	320	100	10	10	0
23 Construction	1,880	1,695	185	45	40	10
31-33 Manufacturing	1,470	1,160	315	10	0	0
41 Wholesale trade	1,160	730	430	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	3,880	1,720	2,160	50	30	20
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,145	905	245	15	10	10
51 Information and cultural industries	620	325	290	10	10	0
52 Finance and insurance	1,160	395	765	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	310	155	155	0	10	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,790	1,005	785	0	0	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	35	10	30	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,605	1,410	1,195	30	20	10
61 Educational services	1,510	530	980	70	35	35
62 Health care and social assistance	4,455	785	3,670	65	20	45
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	475	245	235	0	10	0
72 Accommodation and food services	2,375	910	1,465	15	0	15
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,245	540	705	15	10	10
91 Public administration	1,570	905	665	55	35	25
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	26,505	12,725	13,780	350	190	155
Worked at home	1,045	465	580	0	0	10
Worked outside Canada	80	35	50	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	2,485	1,840	640	60	45	15
Worked at usual place	22,905	10,390	12,510	290	145	140
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	22,905	10,390	12,515	290	145	145
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	19,665	8,660	11,000	160	90	65
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	350	275	75	125	55	65
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,645	1,285	1,360	0	0	0
Commute to a different province or territory	250	170	70	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	25,385	12,230	13,155	350	195	155
Car, truck, van - as a driver	18,020	9,075	8,945	155	95	60
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	2,860	1,075	1,790	40	10	35
Public transit	1,850	735	1,120	0	0	0
Walked	2,290	1,115	1,170	120	70	50
Bicycle	85	70	20	0	0	0
Other method	280	160	115	30	20	10
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	25,385	12,230	13,155	350	195	155
Less than 15 minutes	12,305	5,605	6,700	275	165	115
15 to 29 minutes	9,740	4,720	5,025	50	20	35
30 to 44 minutes	2,050	1,135	915	0	0	10
45 to 59 minutes	670	415	255	0	0	0
60 minutes and over	615	355	255	10	0	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	25,385	12,230	13,155	350	195	160
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,195	750	445	0	0	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	3,805	2,105	1,705	25	10	15
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	7,215	3,570	3,645	60	40	20
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	6,090	2,420	3,665	155	75	80
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	2,715	1,205	1,510	65	30	30
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	4,365	2,190	2,185	40	35	10
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	31,025	15,145	15,880	495	295	200
Single responses	30,690	15,015	15,675	465	280	180
Official languages	30,450	14,895	15,555	345	210	135
English	30,120	14,775	15,350	345	210	135
French	330	120	210	0	0	0
Non-official languages	245	125	120	115	75	40
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	115	75	45
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	115	70	45
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	115	75	40
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	115	70	45
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	10
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	245	125	120	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	70	45	20	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	70	45	25	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	65	45	20	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	10	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	45	20	25	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	25	0	15	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	15	15	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	10	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	85	35	50	0	0	0
Chinese languages	85	35	50	0	0	0
Cantonese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	65	25	45	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	10	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	330	125	205	30	15	20
English and French	280	110	180	0	0	0
English and non-official language	50	20	30	30	15	20
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	31,025	15,145	15,880	490	300	195
None	29,225	14,525	14,705	420	255	165
English	310	110	195	30	25	0
French	1,320	405	910	0	0	0
Non-official language	140	85	55	45	20	25
Aboriginal	0	0	0	45	20	25
Non-Aboriginal	140	85	55	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	10	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	25	15	15	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	55,990	26,450	29,540	1,460	775	680
Non-movers	46,690	21,965	24,730	1,300	690	610
Movers	9,300	4,490	4,815	160	90	75
Non-migrants	6,645	3,120	3,530	130	70	60
Migrants	2,655	1,370	1,285	30	15	15
Internal migrants	1,925	960	970	30	15	10
Intraprovincial migrants	1,155	555	600	30	15	10
Interprovincial migrants	775	405	370	0	0	0
External migrants	725	410	315	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	53,720	25,335	28,385	1,305	705	600
Non-movers	31,675	14,790	16,890	930	495	435
Movers	22,040	10,540	11,500	375	215	165
Non-migrants	15,285	7,140	8,140	300	165	130
Migrants	6,760	3,400	3,360	80	45	35
Internal migrants	5,055	2,445	2,605	75	45	30
Intraprovincial migrants	3,275	1,555	1,720	65	40	25
Interprovincial migrants	1,780	890	890	0	0	0
External migrants	1,705	950	755	10	0	0

Symbol(s):

^..

not available for a specific reference period

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Saint John [Population centre], New Brunswick and Attawapiskat 91A, IRI [Census subdivision], Ontario (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 23, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Saint John [Population centre], New Brunswick and Attawapiskat 91A, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Ontario

Census Profile, 2016 Census Saint John [Population centre], New Brunswick and Attawapiskat 91A, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Ontario

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Saint John [Population centre], New Brunswick and Attawapiskat 91A, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Ontario