Census Profile, 2016 Census
Sherbrooke [Population centre], Quebec and Saint-Marcel-de-Richelieu, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Sherbrooke Quebec [Population centre]			Saint-Marcel-de-Richelieu, MÉ Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Sherbrooke [Population centre], Quebec Map : Sherbrooke [Population centre], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Saint-Marcel-de-Richelieu, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	139,565	...	...	497	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	133,673 ^r	...	...	543	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	4.4	...	...	-8.5	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	71,545	...	...	244	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	65,201	...	...	214	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,448.7	...	...	9.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	96.34	...	...	51.28	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	139,560	67,595	71,965	495	270	225
0 to 14 years	21,685	11,195	10,490	100	50	50
0 to 4 years	7,295	3,790	3,500	25	15	15
5 to 9 years	7,510	3,850	3,660	35	15	15
10 to 14 years	6,885	3,550	3,335	40	20	15
15 to 64 years	90,955	45,090	45,860	315	165	150
15 to 19 years	7,830	3,995	3,835	30	15	15
20 to 24 years	11,490	5,770	5,720	25	15	10
25 to 29 years	10,240	5,315	4,925	15	10	10
30 to 34 years	8,890	4,610	4,280	30	15	20
35 to 39 years	8,850	4,415	4,440	25	15	15
40 to 44 years	7,680	3,725	3,955	25	15	10
45 to 49 years	7,850	3,855	3,985	25	10	15
50 to 54 years	9,175	4,440	4,735	60	30	30
55 to 59 years	9,680	4,605	5,070	25	15	15
60 to 64 years	9,265	4,350	4,915	40	20	20
65 years and over	26,920	11,310	15,615	80	50	35
65 to 69 years	8,285	3,805	4,475	35	20	10
70 to 74 years	6,740	3,060	3,685	25	15	10
75 to 79 years	4,540	1,925	2,615	20	10	5
80 to 84 years	3,455	1,370	2,085	5	0	5
85 years and over	3,905	1,150	2,755	5	0	5
85 to 89 years	2,325	790	1,545	0	0	0
90 to 94 years	1,230	310	925	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	310	50	255	5	0	0
100 years and over	35	5	30	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.5	16.6	14.6	20.2	18.5	22.2
15 to 64 years	65.2	66.7	63.7	63.6	61.1	66.7
65 years and over	19.3	16.7	21.7	16.2	18.5	15.6
85 years and over	2.8	1.7	3.8	1.0	0.0	2.2
Average age of the population	41.6	39.9	43.2	40.4	41.1	39.5
Median age of the population	40.5	38.2	42.8	42.7	43.5	40.5
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	65,200	...	...	215	...	...
Single-detached house	21,755	...	...	200	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,970	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	41,235	...	...	10	...	...
Semi-detached house	3,435	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	2,020	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	3,940	...	...	5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	31,675	...	...	5	...	...
Other single-attached house	165	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	240	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	65,200	...	...	215	...	...
1 person	26,025	...	...	65	...	...
2 persons	22,455	...	...	80	...	...
3 persons	7,350	...	...	30	...	...
4 persons	6,210	...	...	15	...	...
5 or more persons	3,165	...	...	25	...	...
Number of persons in private households	135,085	...	...	500	...	...
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	117,875	56,400	61,475	395	215	180
Married or living common law	60,525	30,265	30,265	235	120	120
Married	33,320	16,675	16,640	125	65	65
Living common law	27,205	13,585	13,620	110	50	55
Not married and not living common law	57,345	26,140	31,210	165	100	65
Never married	38,445	20,235	18,215	120	75	45
Separated	1,580	720	860	5	0	5
Divorced	10,270	3,810	6,460	30	20	10
Widowed	7,045	1,375	5,670	10	5	5
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	36,220	...	...	145	...	...
2 persons	20,785	...	...	75	...	...
3 persons	6,705	...	...	30	...	...
4 persons	5,930	...	...	10	...	...
5 or more persons	2,800	...	...	20	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	36,220	...	...	140	...	...
Total couple families	29,625	...	...	115	...	...
Married couples	16,035	...	...	65	...	...
Common-law couples	13,585	...	...	55	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	6,600	...	...	25	...	...
Female parent	4,875	...	...	15	...	...
Male parent	1,720	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	29,625	...	...	115	...	...
Couples without children	16,825	...	...	70	...	...
Couples with children	12,795	...	...	50	...	...
1 child	4,725	...	...	20	...	...
2 children	5,415	...	...	10	...	...
3 or more children	2,655	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	6,600	...	...	25	...	...
1 child	3,960	...	...	10	...	...
2 children	1,985	...	...	10	...	...
3 or more children	655	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	34,630	16,405	18,225	80	55	25
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	65,200	...	...	210	...	...
One-census-family households	35,770	...	...	140	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	16,650	...	...	65	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	19,115	...	...	75	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	225	...	...	0	...	...
Non-census-family households	29,210	...	...	75	...	...
One-person households	26,030	...	...	70	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	3,180	...	...	5	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	137,620	66,775	70,850	495	265	225
English only	1,755	855	900	0	0	0
French only	74,440	33,265	41,175	390	205	185
English and French	60,350	32,170	28,180	105	60	50
Neither English nor French	1,075	485	590	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	137,620	66,770	70,850	500	265	230
English	5,980	2,965	3,015	5	5	5
French	128,275	62,055	66,220	490	265	225
English and French	2,330	1,290	1,040	5	0	0
Neither English nor French	1,035	460	570	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	7,150	3,610	3,535	5	0	0
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	5.2	5.4	5.0	1.0	0.0	0.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	137,620	66,770	70,850	495	265	225
Single responses	135,740	65,815	69,925	495	265	230
Official languages	125,860	60,865	64,995	490	260	225
English	4,815	2,355	2,460	5	0	5
French	121,040	58,510	62,535	485	260	225
Non-official languages	9,880	4,950	4,930	5	0	5
Aboriginal languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	5	5	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	0	5	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	9,875	4,945	4,930	5	0	5
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,880	1,000	875	0	0	0
Berber languages	145	85	55	0	0	0
Kabyle	95	55	40	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	45	25	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	10	10	5	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	5	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,690	895	795	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	5	0	0	0
Arabic	1,645	870	770	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10	5	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	5	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	25	15	15	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	35	20	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	230	105	120	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	55	30	30	0	0	0
Vietnamese	170	80	90	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	5	0	5	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	60	20	40	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	0	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	20	10	10	0	0	0
Malay	5	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25	5	20	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	125	55	65	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	10	5	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	110	50	65	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kannada	5	5	5	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	5	0	0	0	0
Tamil	5	5	0	0	0	0
Telugu	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	6,080	3,035	3,045	5	5	5
Albanian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Armenian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,260	610	650	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,260	610	650	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	175	85	90	0	0	0
Bulgarian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Croatian	45	20	30	0	0	0
Czech	10	5	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	100	40	60	0	0	0
Russian	145	55	90	0	0	0
Serbian	380	200	175	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	325	165	165	0	0	0
Slovak	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	160	75	85	0	0	0
Afrikaans	5	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	30	10	20	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	110	55	60	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	5	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	5	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	5	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	55	35	20	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	1,560	790	765	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	260	130	130	0	0	0
Bengali	10	5	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	5	5	0	0	0
Hindi	10	10	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Nepali	185	90	95	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Urdu	15	10	5	0	0	0
Iranian languages	1,295	660	630	0	0	0
Kurdish	25	15	15	0	0	0
Pashto	50	25	20	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	1,220	620	600	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	3,020	1,505	1,510	5	5	5
Catalan	10	5	0	0	0	0
Italian	130	80	50	0	0	0
Portuguese	215	105	115	0	0	0
Romanian	145	65	75	0	0	0
Spanish	2,515	1,250	1,270	5	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	35	15	20	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	25	10	15	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	960	480	485	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	25	5	15	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	0	5	0	0	0
Lingala	50	25	25	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	175	90	85	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	110	50	60	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	195	95	100	0	0	0
Wolof	80	50	30	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	290	135	155	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	40	15	20	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	35	15	25	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	0	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	300	140	155	0	0	0
Chinese languages	300	145	160	0	0	0
Cantonese	40	20	25	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	225	110	115	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	25	10	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Lao	15	5	5	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	45	25	20	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	5	5	0	0	0	0
Turkish	40	25	15	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	5	0	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,885	955	925	0	0	0
English and French	1,030	520	510	5	5	0
English and non-official language	110	55	50	0	0	0
French and non-official language	670	345	325	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	70	35	40	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	137,620	66,770	70,845	495	265	230
Single responses	134,515	65,240	69,275	485	260	225
Official languages	128,380	62,150	66,230	480	260	225
English	4,675	2,265	2,405	5	5	0
French	123,710	59,890	63,820	480	255	225
Non-official languages	6,130	3,090	3,045	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	6,130	3,085	3,045	5	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,020	535	490	0	0	0
Berber languages	40	25	15	0	0	0
Kabyle	30	15	10	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	5	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	960	495	460	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	925	480	445	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10	5	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	145	65	75	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	25	15	15	0	0	0
Vietnamese	115	55	60	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	40	30	15	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	40	30	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kannada	10	0	5	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	5	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	4,180	2,090	2,085	5	5	0
Albanian	15	10	5	0	0	0
Armenian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	810	400	410	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	810	400	405	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	95	50	45	0	0	0
Bulgarian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Croatian	30	10	15	0	0	0
Czech	5	5	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	55	25	30	0	0	0
Russian	95	40	50	0	0	0
Serbian	285	150	135	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	210	105	105	0	0	0
Slovak	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	10	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	5	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	20	10	10	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	25	15	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	1,235	625	615	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	190	95	95	0	0	0
Bengali	5	5	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	170	85	85	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	5	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	1,045	530	520	0	0	0
Kurdish	10	10	5	0	0	0
Pashto	25	15	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	1,005	505	500	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,060	1,025	1,030	0	5	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Portuguese	155	75	75	0	0	0
Romanian	75	40	40	0	0	0
Spanish	1,800	900	895	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	20	10	15	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	20	5	10	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	365	180	190	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	10	0	5	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	15	0	5	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	25	15	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	65	30	35	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	20	15	10	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	100	50	50	0	0	0
Wolof	25	15	5	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	105	45	60	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	25	10	10	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Sign languages	25	10	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	5	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	230	115	115	0	0	0
Chinese languages	230	115	115	0	0	0
Cantonese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	185	85	95	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Lao	5	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	30	20	15	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	30	15	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	5	0	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	5	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	3,105	1,530	1,570	10	10	5
English and French	1,075	560	515	10	5	5
English and non-official language	145	75	70	0	0	0
French and non-official language	1,635	760	875	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language	255	140	115	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	137,620	66,770	70,845	495	270	230
None	122,135	58,810	63,325	475	255	220
English	7,985	4,185	3,800	20	10	5
French	4,105	2,085	2,025	0	0	5
Non-official language	2,725	1,360	1,365	0	5	5
Aboriginal	5	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	2,720	1,355	1,365	0	0	0
English and French	280	150	140	0	0	0
English and non-official language	295	145	145	0	0	0
French and non-official language	80	30	50	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	10	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	113,460	54,830	58,625	395	215	180
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	109,760	53,080	56,675	380	210	170
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,253	33,976	27,077	27,072	30,848	25,920
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	109,770	53,080	56,695	380	210	170
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,472	30,221	25,033	25,984	28,800	23,360
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	96,630	47,525	49,105	330	190	140
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,332	31,813	23,248	22,336	27,456	18,944
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	88,755	40,860	47,895	315	170	140
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,200	5,436	8,391	7,792	6,400	9,792
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	76,435	39,030	37,400	285	165	120
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,497	31,815	25,464	21,824	25,216	19,008
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	113,455	54,820	58,625	390	215	175
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	109,775	53,010	56,770	385	215	170
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,072	42,146	34,268	30,823	34,831	25,827
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	109,790	53,010	56,780	385	215	170
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,924	34,649	29,380	26,776	29,396	23,508
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	96,715	47,455	49,270	330	195	135
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,494	40,626	30,551	27,955	31,733	22,584
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	88,590	40,580	48,015	325	165	155
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,426	7,549	9,167	7,994	7,597	8,412
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	76,530	38,900	37,635	300	175	125
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,787	39,577	31,870	26,178	29,920	20,859
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	113,450	54,825	58,625	395	215	175
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	32,270	17,195	15,075	125	70	60
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	43,398	46,894	40,463	34,016	40,984	29,375
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	50,836	54,858	46,249	37,380	41,687	32,339
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	82.1	86.3	77.3	76.4	80.7	69.2
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	65.4	68.8	61.5	63.0	67.6	57.7
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	17.9	13.7	22.7	23.3	18.4	31.2
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	113,460	54,830	58,625	395	215	180
Without total income	3,705	1,750	1,950	15	5	10
With total income	109,755	53,080	56,675	380	210	170
Percentage with total income	96.7	96.8	96.7	96.2	97.7	94.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	13,345	6,320	7,025	50	25	30
$10,000 to $19,999	22,930	9,380	13,550	90	45	45
$20,000 to $29,999	18,205	7,990	10,215	65	30	35
$30,000 to $39,999	15,270	7,320	7,950	50	25	25
$40,000 to $49,999	12,900	6,425	6,475	55	35	20
$50,000 to $59,999	8,900	4,815	4,085	35	20	10
$60,000 to $69,999	5,775	3,180	2,595	15	5	5
$70,000 to $79,999	4,225	2,300	1,925	10	5	5
$80,000 to $89,999	2,640	1,595	1,045	0	5	0
$90,000 to $99,999	1,510	975	530	5	5	0
$100,000 and over	4,065	2,780	1,285	5	5	0
$100,000 to $149,999	2,745	1,835	910	5	5	5
$150,000 and over	1,315	945	375	0	0	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	113,460	54,830	58,630	395	215	180
Without after-tax income	3,685	1,745	1,935	10	5	5
With after-tax income	109,775	53,080	56,695	385	210	170
Percentage with after-tax income	96.8	96.8	96.7	97.5	97.7	94.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	13,800	6,420	7,385	55	30	30
$10,000 to $19,999	24,055	9,875	14,185	95	50	50
$20,000 to $29,999	22,045	10,025	12,020	75	35	35
$30,000 to $39,999	19,365	9,595	9,760	80	50	35
$40,000 to $49,999	12,975	6,875	6,095	45	30	20
$50,000 to $59,999	7,615	4,115	3,505	10	10	5
$60,000 to $69,999	4,335	2,455	1,885	15	10	0
$70,000 to $79,999	2,150	1,380	770	5	5	0
$80,000 and over	3,435	2,345	1,095	5	5	5
$80,000 to $89,999	1,105	720	385	0	0	0
$90,000 to $99,999	645	450	200	5	0	5
$100,000 and over	1,685	1,175	510	0	5	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	113,460	54,825	58,630	395	215	180
Without employment income	37,025	15,795	21,230	105	45	60
With employment income	76,430	39,030	37,400	290	165	120
Percentage with employment income	67.4	71.2	63.8	73.4	76.7	66.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	10,415	5,230	5,180	50	25	20
$5,000 to $9,999	6,780	3,090	3,690	30	20	15
$10,000 to $19,999	12,200	5,470	6,735	60	30	25
$20,000 to $29,999	10,265	4,855	5,410	30	10	15
$30,000 to $39,999	9,970	4,890	5,080	40	20	15
$40,000 to $49,999	8,065	4,165	3,895	35	25	10
$50,000 to $59,999	5,740	3,360	2,375	20	10	10
$60,000 to $69,999	3,815	2,190	1,625	5	5	5
$70,000 to $79,999	3,335	1,810	1,525	5	5	0
$80,000 and over	5,850	3,975	1,880	10	10	5
$80,000 to $89,999	1,850	1,205	645	5	5	0
$90,000 to $99,999	1,105	715	385	5	5	5
$100,000 and over	2,900	2,055	850	5	0	0
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	65,200	...	...	215	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	49,345	...	...	47,872	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	44,014	...	...	43,392	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	26,025	...	...	70	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	26,917	...	...	28,928	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	25,138	...	...	26,112	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	39,175	...	...	150	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	70,041	...	...	60,672	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	61,415	...	...	53,888	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	65,215	...	...	220	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	64,086	...	...	53,734	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	53,745	...	...	46,678	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	26,005	...	...	65	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,407	...	...	25,126	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,371	...	...	21,872	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	39,210	...	...	160	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	83,769	...	...	64,864	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	69,909	...	...	56,328	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	65,200	...	...	215	...	...
Under $5,000	935	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	1,475	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	3,580	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	4,360	...	...	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	4,390	...	...	10	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	3,340	...	...	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	3,850	...	...	10	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	3,925	...	...	10	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	3,855	...	...	20	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	3,315	...	...	20	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	5,710	...	...	25	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	4,830	...	...	15	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	4,115	...	...	20	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	3,370	...	...	10	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,740	...	...	10	...	...
$100,000 and over	11,415	...	...	25	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,790	...	...	10	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,820	...	...	10	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,295	...	...	5	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,510	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	65,205	...	...	215	...	...
Under $5,000	970	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	1,490	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	3,620	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	4,605	...	...	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	4,935	...	...	10	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	4,000	...	...	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	4,925	...	...	10	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	4,645	...	...	25	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	4,160	...	...	20	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	3,655	...	...	10	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	6,545	...	...	25	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	5,210	...	...	25	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	4,060	...	...	15	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	3,085	...	...	10	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,460	...	...	10	...	...
$100,000 and over	6,855	...	...	10	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,710	...	...	5	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,535	...	...	0	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,615	...	...	5	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	36,605	...	...	140	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	71,854	...	...	61,952	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	62,566	...	...	54,144	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	16,450	...	...	65	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	65,420	...	...	57,024	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	57,216	...	...	50,816	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	12,840	...	...	50	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	99,850	...	...	85,248	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	84,819	...	...	70,400	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	6,485	...	...	25	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	49,344	...	...	42,880	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,210	...	...	40,064	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	36,595	...	...	150	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	85,656	...	...	67,023	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	71,195	...	...	58,035	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	16,425	...	...	70	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	77,792	...	...	55,963	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	64,850	...	...	49,618	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	12,920	...	...	45	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	112,511	...	...	94,156	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	91,785	...	...	79,237	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	6,430	...	...	25	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	54,732	...	...	48,836	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,985	...	...	44,156	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	32,570	15,435	17,135	75	50	25
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	24,602	25,158	24,208	23,616	24,576	22,848
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	23,424	23,646	23,255	22,720	22,848	22,720
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	32,545	15,380	17,175	80	45	30
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	32,099	32,609	31,643	22,464	27,509	0
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	27,638	27,760	27,529	19,874	23,849	0
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	135,085	65,980	69,105	495	265	230
In the bottom half of the distribution	87,510	41,870	45,640	390	215	175
In the bottom decile	17,915	8,865	9,055	70	40	30
In the second decile	17,895	7,970	9,920	75	45	30
In the third decile	18,445	8,760	9,685	80	45	40
In the fourth decile	17,540	8,470	9,065	95	55	40
In the fifth decile	15,720	7,800	7,915	70	40	30
In the top half of the distribution	47,575	24,115	23,465	105	55	50
In the sixth decile	14,020	7,115	6,900	45	25	25
In the seventh decile	12,295	6,170	6,130	20	10	5
In the eighth decile	9,340	4,710	4,620	15	5	10
In the ninth decile	6,920	3,575	3,345	20	10	5
In the top decile	5,000	2,535	2,465	5	0	0
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	135,080	65,980	69,105	495	265	230
0 to 17 years	25,895	13,380	12,515	120	65	60
0 to 5 years	8,840	4,590	4,250	40	20	20
18 to 64 years	85,770	42,255	43,520	290	150	140
65 years and over	23,415	10,345	13,070	80	50	30
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	26,090	12,080	14,010	115	65	55
0 to 17 years	4,650	2,380	2,265	35	15	15
0 to 5 years	1,535	800	735	5	0	5
18 to 64 years	16,595	8,100	8,500	70	40	30
65 years and over	4,845	1,595	3,245	15	10	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	19.3	18.3	20.3	23.2	24.5	23.9
0 to 17 years (%)	18.0	17.8	18.1	29.2	23.1	25.0
0 to 5 years (%)	17.4	17.4	17.3	12.5	0.0	25.0
18 to 64 years (%)	19.3	19.2	19.5	24.1	26.7	21.4
65 years and over (%)	20.7	15.4	24.8	18.8	20.0	16.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	15,295	7,715	7,575	25	15	10
0 to 17 years	2,460	1,245	1,215	5	0	0
0 to 5 years	800	400	400	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	12,120	6,190	5,935	20	10	5
65 years and over	715	285	435	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	11.3	11.7	11.0	5.1	5.7	4.3
0 to 17 years (%)	9.5	9.3	9.7	4.2	0.0	0.0
0 to 5 years (%)	9.0	8.7	9.4	0.0	0.0	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	14.1	14.6	13.6	6.9	6.7	3.6
65 years and over (%)	3.1	2.8	3.3	0.0	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	135,190	66,045	69,145	510	270	240
Official languages	134,130	65,585	68,545	510	270	240
English	61,755	33,140	28,610	115	65	55
French	132,420	64,745	67,675	505	265	240
Non-official languages	16,265	7,955	8,310	35	20	10
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	16,265	7,960	8,310	35	20	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	2,430	1,245	1,185	0	0	0
Berber languages	220	145	75	0	0	0
Kabyle	160	105	50	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	65	40	20	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	2,330	1,180	1,150	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	2,305	1,175	1,135	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	20	10	10	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	0	10	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	15	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	205	100	105	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	50	20	30	0	0	0
Vietnamese	150	75	80	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	70	20	45	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	25	0	20	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	25	20	10	0	0	0
Malay	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	30	0	30	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	285	145	140	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	15	0	10	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	260	140	120	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	15	10	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	11,160	5,430	5,735	30	20	10
Albanian	25	10	20	0	0	0
Armenian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,600	790	815	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,605	790	820	10	10	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	230	105	125	0	0	0
Bulgarian	75	45	25	0	0	0
Croatian	135	45	80	0	0	0
Czech	35	20	15	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	115	55	65	0	0	0
Russian	280	155	130	0	0	0
Serbian	520	260	260	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	325	165	160	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	50	15	30	10	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	10	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	10	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	595	365	230	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dutch	55	35	20	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	505	310	195	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Swedish	30	20	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Greek	100	50	50	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	1,765	920	850	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	415	230	185	0	0	0
Bengali	25	10	15	0	0	0
Gujarati	15	10	15	0	0	0
Hindi	75	55	25	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	100	65	35	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	10	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	30	20	10	0	0	0
Urdu	205	90	110	0	0	0
Iranian languages	1,515	760	760	0	0	0
Kurdish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pashto	140	70	75	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	1,465	745	720	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	7,375	3,460	3,910	30	20	10
Catalan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Italian	440	200	245	0	0	0
Portuguese	375	195	175	0	0	0
Romanian	115	45	65	0	0	0
Spanish	6,670	3,130	3,540	30	20	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	15	15	0	0	0	0
Japanese	110	55	50	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	25	10	20	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	1,610	820	790	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	85	60	30	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	20	10	10	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	15	15	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	10	10	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	215	105	115	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	255	135	115	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	110	50	60	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	425	215	210	0	0	0
Wolof	205	105	100	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	495	250	245	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	55	10	45	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	55	15	40	0	0	0
Sign languages	140	60	85	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	105	45	55	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	40	10	25	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	300	160	135	0	0	0
Chinese languages	300	160	135	0	0	0
Cantonese	25	10	20	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	230	125	110	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	50	35	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	35	10	25	0	0	0
Lao	25	10	15	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	90	50	40	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turkish	80	45	40	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	40	15	30	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	50	25	20	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	135,185	66,045	69,145	510	270	240
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	128,635	62,655	65,985	505	270	235
Canadian citizens aged under 18	24,495	12,675	11,825	140	70	70
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	104,140	49,980	54,160	365	200	165
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	6,555	3,395	3,155	0	0	10
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	135,190	66,045	69,145	515	270	240
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	121,430	59,015	62,415	500	270	230
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	11,885	6,000	5,885	10	0	10
Before 1981	1,300	690	615	0	0	0
1981 to 1990	705	365	340	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	2,045	1,010	1,040	0	0	10
2001 to 2010	4,140	2,105	2,040	0	0	0
2001 to 2005	1,725	855	865	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	2,420	1,245	1,175	0	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	3,690	1,830	1,855	10	0	10
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	1,870	1,030	835	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	11,880	6,000	5,885	10	0	10
Under 5 years	1,725	910	815	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	2,280	1,130	1,155	0	0	0
15 to 24 years	1,970	900	1,075	0	0	0
25 to 44 years	5,170	2,670	2,500	0	0	0
45 years and over	735	395	345	0	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	11,885	5,995	5,885	10	0	10
Americas	3,185	1,560	1,625	10	0	10
Brazil	130	75	55	0	0	0
Colombia	1,035	525	510	0	0	0
El Salvador	115	60	60	0	0	0
Guyana	10	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	205	80	120	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	250	125	120	0	0	0
Peru	135	50	80	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	545	255	290	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	770	380	390	10	0	10
Europe	3,155	1,680	1,470	10	0	10
Bosnia and Herzegovina	650	340	310	0	0	0
Croatia	95	50	50	0	0	0
France	1,200	650	545	10	0	0
Germany	115	75	40	0	0	0
Greece	55	30	30	0	0	0
Hungary	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	60	40	15	0	0	0
Netherlands	25	10	25	0	0	0
Poland	75	40	35	0	0	0
Portugal	15	10	10	0	0	0
Romania	130	70	65	0	0	0
Russian Federation	125	65	60	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	115	35	80	0	0	0
Ukraine	45	20	25	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	60	35	25	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	380	225	160	0	0	0
Africa	3,125	1,675	1,455	0	0	0
Algeria	460	260	195	0	0	0
Egypt	70	35	35	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	520	295	215	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	2,070	1,075	995	0	0	0
Asia	2,395	1,070	1,325	0	0	0
Afghanistan	745	375	370	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	285	80	210	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	10	0	10	0	0	0
India	35	20	10	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	145	70	80	0	0	0
Iraq	155	75	80	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Lebanon	40	25	20	0	0	0
Pakistan	245	125	120	0	0	0
Philippines	45	10	35	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	255	105	150	0	0	0
Taiwan	30	10	15	0	0	0
Viet Nam	145	65	75	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	230	100	130	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	20	10	0	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	3,690	1,835	1,855	0	0	0
Americas	630	290	340	10	0	10
Brazil	40	20	20	0	0	0
Colombia	245	115	130	0	0	0
Cuba	45	20	25	0	0	0
Haiti	35	15	20	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	90	50	40	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	70	30	35	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	85	30	60	0	0	0
Europe	395	235	165	0	0	0
France	240	140	105	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	10	10	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	50	25	20	0	0	0
Ukraine	25	15	15	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	60	40	20	0	0	0
Africa	1,440	735	705	0	0	0
Algeria	145	85	60	0	0	0
Cameroon	95	55	40	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	210	95	115	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	145	55	90	0	0	0
Egypt	30	15	20	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	120	55	60	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	80	50	35	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	605	325	285	0	0	0
Asia	1,215	570	640	0	0	0
Afghanistan	445	215	230	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	65	30	35	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	15	10	10	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	75	35	35	0	0	0
Iraq	90	40	50	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nepal	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	175	90	80	0	0	0
Philippines	15	0	15	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	235	100	140	0	0	0
Taiwan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	15	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	35	15	20	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	135,190	66,045	69,140	510	270	240
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	14,265	7,270	6,990	10	0	10
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	7,670	3,770	3,900	15	15	0
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	113,250	55,005	58,250	485	255	235
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	10,660	5,345	5,310	10	0	10
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	3,965	2,115	1,850	10	0	10
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	1,730	1,145	585	0	0	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	2,235	970	1,270	10	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	1,945	865	1,080	10	0	10
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	4,630	2,305	2,325	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	120	65	60	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	135,190	66,045	69,145	515	270	240
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	1,435	680	750	0	0	0
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	1,360	655	705	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	720	320	400	10	10	0
Métis	590	320	275	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	50	20	30	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	30	10	20	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	40	20	20	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	133,755	65,360	68,395	505	270	240
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	135,190	66,050	69,145	510	270	240
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	275	135	145	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	134,915	65,915	69,005	510	270	240
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	135,190	66,045	69,145	510	270	240
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	1,200	460	735	0	10	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	1,165	450	715	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	1,015	395	615	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	135	50	90	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	15	10	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	30	0	20	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	25	10	15	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	10	0	10	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	4,110	2,040	2,070	0	10	0
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	4,020	1,995	2,025	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,625	1,795	1,830	10	10	0
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	370	190	180	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	10	15	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	90	40	45	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	65	30	35	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	10	10	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	129,880	63,550	66,330	505	260	240
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	135,190	66,045	69,145	510	270	240
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	10,965	5,470	5,490	0	0	0
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	420	225	190	0	0	0
Chinese	490	185	300	0	0	0
Black	3,420	1,710	1,705	0	0	0
Filipino	60	20	45	0	0	0
Latin American	2,580	1,265	1,320	10	0	10
Arab	1,880	1,000	880	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	415	205	210	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	1,280	630	645	0	0	0
Korean	45	15	25	0	0	0
Japanese	55	25	35	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	50	25	25	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	270	150	120	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	124,225	60,575	63,650	505	270	235
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	135,190	66,045	69,140	510	270	240
North American Aboriginal origins	5,310	2,500	2,805	0	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian)	4,755	2,240	2,515	10	10	0
Inuit	65	25	40	0	0	0
Métis	600	285	320	0	0	0
Other North American origins	94,205	45,650	48,560	465	240	220
Acadian	520	225	295	0	0	0
American	715	380	335	10	0	0
Canadian	90,850	43,965	46,885	425	225	200
New Brunswicker	10	0	10	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ontarian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Québécois	3,340	1,650	1,690	50	30	20
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	10	0	0	0
European origins	49,670	24,545	25,125	135	75	60
British Isles origins	12,205	5,740	6,470	15	10	0
Channel Islander	15	10	10	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	3,795	1,760	2,035	0	0	0
Irish	7,700	3,505	4,195	10	10	0
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	2,750	1,360	1,385	0	10	10
Welsh	195	70	130	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	235	130	110	0	0	0
French origins	36,920	18,440	18,475	115	65	45
Alsatian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Breton	210	100	110	0	0	0
Corsican	10	0	10	0	0	0
French	36,815	18,395	18,425	115	70	50
Western European origins (except French origins)	3,615	1,825	1,785	0	0	0
Austrian	115	70	50	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	1,005	505	505	0	0	0
Dutch	310	150	160	0	0	0
Flemish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	10	10	0	0	0	0
German	1,965	1,035	925	0	0	0
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	365	140	230	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	365	175	190	0	0	0
Danish	85	50	35	0	0	0
Finnish	10	10	10	0	0	0
Icelandic	25	10	15	0	0	0
Norwegian	120	55	65	0	0	0
Swedish	85	35	50	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	65	35	25	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	1,475	695	775	0	10	0
Bulgarian	85	45	35	0	0	0
Byelorussian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Czech	60	35	25	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	45	20	30	0	0	0
Estonian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	125	45	80	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Polish	515	235	280	0	0	0
Romanian	220	125	100	0	0	0
Russian	240	110	130	0	0	0
Slovak	35	15	20	0	0	0
Ukrainian	280	125	155	0	10	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	5,055	2,525	2,530	0	0	10
Albanian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Bosnian	385	170	210	0	0	0
Catalan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Croatian	185	85	95	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	210	80	135	0	0	0
Italian	2,290	1,175	1,110	0	0	0
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Maltese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Montenegrin	20	10	10	0	0	0
Portuguese	395	190	200	0	0	0
Serbian	595	280	315	0	0	0
Sicilian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Spanish	1,185	605	580	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	185	120	70	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other European origins	295	140	155	0	0	0
Basque	70	40	30	0	0	0
Jewish	60	20	45	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	160	80	80	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	830	410	415	10	10	10
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	100	40	60	0	0	0
Dominican	95	70	30	10	0	10
Grenadian	25	15	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	25	15	15	0	0	0
Haitian	530	255	275	0	0	0
Jamaican	20	0	10	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	10	10	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	10	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	35	15	25	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	3,250	1,605	1,645	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	95	45	50	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	100	65	35	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Brazilian	165	80	85	0	0	0
Chilean	115	65	45	0	0	0
Colombian	1,270	650	625	0	0	0
Costa Rican	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Guatemalan	185	75	110	0	0	0
Guyanese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	80	45	35	0	0	0
Maya	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mexican	460	235	225	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	195	90	105	0	0	0
Panamanian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Paraguayan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Peruvian	200	80	120	0	0	0
Salvadorean	240	125	120	0	0	0
Uruguayan	30	20	15	0	0	0
Venezuelan	95	40	60	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	105	40	65	0	0	0
African origins	4,900	2,610	2,290	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	1,770	920	850	0	0	0
Akan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Angolan	30	20	10	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	55	50	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	60	25	30	0	0	0
Cameroonian	220	130	90	0	0	0
Chadian	65	30	35	0	0	0
Congolese	535	245	295	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	10	10	10	0	0	0
Gabonese	20	15	10	0	0	0
Gambian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Guinean	30	10	20	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	75	40	35	0	0	0
Liberian	30	20	10	0	0	0
Malian	90	45	45	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	55	30	20	0	0	0
Peulh	15	15	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	185	85	95	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	90	45	45	0	0	0
Wolof	25	25	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	275	150	125	0	0	0
North African origins	1,920	1,060	860	0	0	0
Algerian	430	225	200	0	0	0
Berber	365	225	145	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	205	105	100	0	0	0
Libyan	35	15	15	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	675	360	315	0	0	0
Sudanese	40	35	10	0	0	0
Tunisian	265	145	120	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	35	15	15	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	765	385	375	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	90	60	30	0	0	0
Burundian	360	175	190	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	105	60	45	0	0	0
Mauritian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	145	60	80	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	10	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	30	15	15	0	0	0
Other African origins	555	305	245	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	40	30	10	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	525	290	235	0	0	0
Asian origins	4,650	2,270	2,380	10	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	3,025	1,490	1,535	0	0	0
Afghan	1,145	570	575	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	555	285	265	10	0	0
Armenian	55	35	20	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	10	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	20	10	10	0	0	0
Iranian	240	120	120	0	0	0
Iraqi	220	85	135	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	15	0	15	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	225	140	85	0	0	0
Palestinian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Pashtun	20	10	15	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Syrian	495	220	270	0	0	0
Tajik	25	10	15	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	110	55	55	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	45	20	20	0	0	0
South Asian origins	395	230	170	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	20	10	15	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	60	35	20	0	0	0
East Indian	180	100	85	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	45	30	15	0	0	0
Pakistani	65	30	35	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	25	20	10	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,255	575	675	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	85	40	45	0	0	0
Chinese	580	235	345	0	0	0
Filipino	70	25	45	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Japanese	85	40	45	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	40	15	25	0	0	0
Laotian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	45	45	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	20	10	15	0	0	0
Thai	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	330	180	150	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	20	10	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Oceania origins	40	15	20	0	0	0
Australian	10	10	10	0	0	0
New Zealander	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	15	10	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	65,215	...	...	220	...	...
Owner	31,185	...	...	180	...	...
Renter	34,030	...	...	40	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	65,215	...	...	220	...	...
Condominium	6,325	...	...	0	...	...
Not condominium	58,890	...	...	220	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	65,215	...	...	220	...	...
No bedrooms	665	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	11,555	...	...	20	...	...
2 bedrooms	22,445	...	...	30	...	...
3 bedrooms	20,180	...	...	85	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	10,370	...	...	85	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	65,215	...	...	215	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	27,980	...	...	30	...	...
5 rooms	11,285	...	...	35	...	...
6 rooms	6,525	...	...	15	...	...
7 rooms	6,310	...	...	65	...	...
8 or more rooms	13,125	...	...	80	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.5	...	...	7.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	65,215	...	...	220	...	...
One person or fewer per room	64,765	...	...	215	...	...
More than 1 person per room	450	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	65,215	...	...	220	...	...
Suitable	63,685	...	...	210	...	...
Not suitable	1,535	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	65,215	...	...	220	...	...
1960 or before	13,320	...	...	90	...	...
1961 to 1980	20,630	...	...	90	...	...
1981 to 1990	9,830	...	...	10	...	...
1991 to 2000	8,125	...	...	15	...	...
2001 to 2005	3,445	...	...	0	...	...
2006 to 2010	4,915	...	...	0	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	4,945	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	65,215	...	...	220	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	62,025	...	...	205	...	...
Major repairs needed	3,190	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	65,215	...	...	220	...	...
1 household maintainer	41,900	...	...	160	...	...
2 household maintainers	22,540	...	...	55	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	780	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	65,215	...	...	220	...	...
15 to 24 years	4,655	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	10,755	...	...	35	...	...
35 to 44 years	10,195	...	...	50	...	...
45 to 54 years	11,030	...	...	45	...	...
55 to 64 years	12,150	...	...	50	...	...
65 to 74 years	9,800	...	...	30	...	...
75 to 84 years	4,890	...	...	10	...	...
85 years and over	1,740	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	65,185	...	...	190	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	49,620	...	...	145	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	15,565	...	...	45	...	...
30% to less than 100%	14,005	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	31,180	...	...	160	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	63.3	...	...	59.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	12.2	...	...	23.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	955	...	...	804	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	994	...	...	749	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	200,671	...	...	150,128	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	235,016	...	...	165,605	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	34,030	...	...	35	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	7.9	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	34.5	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	629	...	...	501	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	683	...	...	505	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	113,450	54,825	58,625	390	215	180
No certificate, diploma or degree	20,480	10,250	10,240	160	100	60
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	23,515	11,205	12,310	95	35	60
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	69,450	33,375	36,075	140	80	55
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	19,505	11,275	8,225	85	45	40
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	14,545	7,395	7,145	80	40	40
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	4,955	3,885	1,075	0	10	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	21,510	9,150	12,365	50	30	15
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,660	1,470	2,185	0	0	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	24,775	11,470	13,305	0	0	0
Bachelor's degree	14,275	6,045	8,235	0	0	0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,865	840	1,030	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	1,085	560	530	0	0	0
Master's degree	5,830	2,860	2,970	0	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	1,715	1,170	550	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	70,930	34,770	36,165	270	155	120
No certificate, diploma or degree	8,475	4,705	3,775	95	50	40
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	11,855	5,920	5,935	55	30	25
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	50,605	24,145	26,460	125	70	50
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	14,830	8,280	6,550	75	35	40
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	11,335	5,540	5,795	75	35	40
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	3,495	2,745	745	0	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	13,760	6,115	7,645	45	30	15
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,280	885	1,400	0	0	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	19,735	8,865	10,875	0	0	0
Bachelor's degree	11,320	4,785	6,540	0	0	0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,375	555	820	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	900	420	480	0	0	0
Master's degree	4,760	2,210	2,555	0	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	1,380	900	480	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	113,450	54,825	58,625	390	215	175
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	44,000	21,455	22,545	255	135	120
Education	6,010	1,580	4,435	0	0	0
13. Education	6,010	1,575	4,435	0	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	2,110	890	1,220	10	0	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	350	280	70	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,760	615	1,145	0	0	0
Humanities	4,685	2,015	2,665	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	470	110	360	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	160	40	115	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	2,320	980	1,340	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	10	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	200	140	55	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	365	205	160	0	0	0
54. History	450	290	160	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	715	245	470	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	6,535	2,175	4,355	0	0	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	150	50	105	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	670	215	450	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,330	110	1,215	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	1,060	440	620	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	185	30	160	0	0	0
42. Psychology	1,710	510	1,195	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	1,425	815	605	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	14,090	5,150	8,935	15	0	20
30.16 Accounting and computer science	20	10	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	1,080	255	825	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	12,990	4,880	8,105	15	0	10
Physical and life sciences and technologies	3,315	1,915	1,400	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	1,270	640	635	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	305	155	150	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	895	525	370	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	695	525	170	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	150	75	80	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	2,310	1,620	695	0	10	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,930	1,405	520	10	10	0
25. Library science	110	40	70	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	240	155	85	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	30	20	15	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	13,690	12,710	980	50	45	0
04. Architecture and related services	235	135	100	0	0	0
14. Engineering	2,460	2,075	385	10	10	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,945	2,700	250	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	3,005	2,935	70	0	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,800	2,725	75	20	20	0
48. Precision production	2,245	2,140	105	15	15	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,185	735	450	15	15	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	555	280	275	10	10	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	630	455	175	0	0	0
Health and related fields	10,825	2,405	8,415	20	0	20
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	605	360	245	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	9,820	1,820	8,000	25	0	20
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	400	230	170	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	4,585	2,150	2,440	20	10	10
12. Personal and culinary services	3,200	905	2,295	15	0	15
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	15	15	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	710	615	95	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	660	610	50	10	10	0
Other	105	20	80	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	105	25	80	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	70,930	34,770	36,165	270	150	120
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	20,325	10,625	9,705	150	80	65
Education	4,105	960	3,140	0	0	0
13. Education	4,105	965	3,140	0	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,465	640	830	15	10	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	270	205	65	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,195	430	765	10	0	0
Humanities	2,645	1,165	1,480	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	330	70	260	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	100	30	70	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	1,100	495	600	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	10	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	120	80	45	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	200	130	65	0	0	0
54. History	320	215	105	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	480	145	335	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	4,910	1,530	3,380	0	0	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	135	45	90	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	520	190	330	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,055	55	995	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	785	300	485	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	145	25	120	0	0	0
42. Psychology	1,205	320	890	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	1,070	595	475	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	10,725	3,695	7,030	15	0	15
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	840	175	660	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	9,880	3,510	6,370	15	0	15
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,860	1,095	765	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	985	480	505	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	110	60	55	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	145	115	25	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	510	370	140	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	105	65	40	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,935	1,380	560	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,685	1,245	440	10	10	0
25. Library science	75	25	50	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	160	100	55	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	25	0	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	10,335	9,490	840	50	45	10
04. Architecture and related services	170	95	75	0	0	0
14. Engineering	2,165	1,815	350	10	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,290	2,080	210	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,020	1,975	45	10	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,090	2,035	60	20	15	0
48. Precision production	1,595	1,500	95	15	15	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,000	605	400	10	10	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	455	220	235	15	15	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	540	380	165	0	0	0
Health and related fields	7,910	1,850	6,060	20	0	10
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	465	275	190	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	7,115	1,405	5,710	15	0	15
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	330	170	160	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,625	1,720	1,905	15	0	15
12. Personal and culinary services	2,475	695	1,775	10	0	15
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	585	490	85	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	560	520	40	10	10	0
Other	80	15	65	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	85	15	70	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	113,450	54,825	58,625	395	215	180
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	44,000	21,450	22,550	250	135	120
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	69,445	33,375	36,075	140	80	60
Location of study inside Canada	65,135	30,995	34,145	140	85	60
Same as province or territory of residence	64,035	30,420	33,610	140	85	55
Different than province or territory of residence	1,105	575	535	0	0	10
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	4,310	2,380	1,935	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	435	295	145	0	0	0
Philippines	25	0	30	0	0	0
India	35	20	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	45	40	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	70	30	40	0	0	0
France	1,215	695	515	0	0	0
Other	2,485	1,295	1,185	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	70,935	34,770	36,165	270	155	115
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	20,325	10,620	9,705	145	75	65
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	50,610	24,145	26,460	125	70	55
Location of study inside Canada	47,095	22,310	24,790	125	70	55
Same as province or territory of residence	46,315	21,925	24,395	125	75	50
Different than province or territory of residence	780	385	395	10	0	0
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	3,510	1,840	1,675	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	285	165	120	0	0	0
Philippines	20	0	25	0	0	0
India	25	15	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	30	30	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	55	20	35	0	0	0
France	925	520	405	0	0	0
Other	2,170	1,085	1,080	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	113,450	54,825	58,625	395	215	175
In the labour force	70,170	35,740	34,430	280	170	105
Employed	65,100	32,905	32,190	245	150	95
Unemployed	5,075	2,835	2,245	35	20	15
Not in the labour force	43,280	19,080	24,195	115	45	70
Participation rate	61.9	65.2	58.7	70.9	79.1	60.0
Employment rate	57.4	60.0	54.9	62.0	69.8	54.3
Unemployment rate	7.2	7.9	6.5	12.5	11.8	14.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	113,455	54,825	58,625	390	215	175
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	40,025	17,420	22,605	110	40	65
Worked	73,420	37,405	36,020	285	175	110
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	32,895	17,635	15,260	120	65	60
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	40,530	19,765	20,765	160	110	50
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.1	41.9	42.2	40.9	38.4	44.9
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	70,170	35,740	34,430	280	170	105
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,915	985	935	0	0	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	68,260	34,760	33,500	275	170	100
Employee	61,560	31,005	30,550	235	145	90
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	6,700	3,750	2,955	40	30	10
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	70,175	35,745	34,430	275	170	105
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,915	980	930	10	0	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	68,255	34,755	33,505	275	170	105
0 Management occupations	5,320	3,255	2,065	55	50	10
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	9,395	2,965	6,425	25	0	25
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	4,555	3,760	795	10	15	0
3 Health occupations	6,920	1,565	5,350	20	10	15
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	10,425	3,435	6,990	10	0	0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,870	905	970	0	0	10
6 Sales and service occupations	17,255	7,890	9,355	45	10	35
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	7,890	7,535	355	55	55	10
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	660	585	75	30	25	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	3,970	2,855	1,115	20	10	10
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	70,170	35,745	34,430	280	170	110
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,915	985	930	0	0	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	68,260	34,755	33,500	275	170	105
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	550	370	180	90	65	20
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	85	80	10	0	10	0
22 Utilities	180	150	35	0	0	0
23 Construction	3,450	3,065	385	15	15	0
31-33 Manufacturing	8,730	6,670	2,065	45	35	15
41 Wholesale trade	1,630	1,150	475	10	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	8,870	4,235	4,640	45	15	25
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,630	1,280	350	10	10	0
51 Information and cultural industries	1,145	770	375	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	1,730	595	1,135	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	830	485	345	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	4,140	2,365	1,780	10	0	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	25	15	15	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,825	1,760	1,065	10	0	10
61 Educational services	7,810	2,895	4,915	0	0	0
62 Health care and social assistance	11,705	2,670	9,040	15	0	15
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,110	635	470	10	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	5,270	2,255	3,015	10	0	10
81 Other services (except public administration)	3,230	1,470	1,760	15	10	10
91 Public administration	3,305	1,840	1,465	0	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	65,100	32,905	32,190	245	150	95
Worked at home	3,790	1,885	1,905	45	35	10
Worked outside Canada	210	145	65	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	4,505	3,345	1,155	25	20	0
Worked at usual place	56,595	27,530	29,065	170	90	85
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	56,595	27,525	29,065	170	90	85
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	46,865	21,710	25,150	35	20	10
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	0	0	0	70	25	45
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	9,630	5,750	3,875	65	40	25
Commute to a different province or territory	100	65	35	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	61,095	30,875	30,220	200	115	85
Car, truck, van - as a driver	50,235	25,900	24,340	180	105	80
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	2,500	1,000	1,495	0	0	0
Public transit	3,660	1,510	2,145	0	0	0
Walked	3,690	1,745	1,940	10	10	0
Bicycle	535	450	80	0	0	0
Other method	485	265	220	10	10	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	61,100	30,880	30,220	195	115	85
Less than 15 minutes	24,325	11,780	12,550	40	20	15
15 to 29 minutes	26,685	13,165	13,525	65	55	15
30 to 44 minutes	6,670	3,760	2,905	55	25	35
45 to 59 minutes	1,730	1,030	700	20	10	10
60 minutes and over	1,690	1,145	545	20	15	10
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	61,100	30,880	30,225	200	115	85
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	2,085	1,455	635	35	25	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	8,870	6,100	2,765	55	35	10
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	21,485	10,250	11,235	50	20	25
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	13,775	5,680	8,095	40	10	30
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	5,000	2,140	2,860	0	0	0
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	9,880	5,250	4,630	20	15	10
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	75,675	38,410	37,265	295	180	115
Single responses	72,930	36,895	36,030	280	175	105
Official languages	72,710	36,800	35,915	280	170	110
English	3,210	1,755	1,455	0	0	0
French	69,500	35,040	34,465	280	175	110
Non-official languages	215	100	120	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	215	100	115	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	25	20	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	30	20	10	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	10	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	145	55	90	0	0	0
Albanian	0	10	10	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	10	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	95	40	60	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	15	15	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	15	15	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	85	20	55	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	10	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	75	25	50	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	25	0	25	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	30	0	25	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	10	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	10	10	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	2,745	1,515	1,235	15	10	0
English and French	2,590	1,445	1,140	20	10	0
English and non-official language	25	10	15	0	0	0
French and non-official language	85	30	50	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	55	30	20	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	75,675	38,410	37,265	295	180	115
None	53,960	27,015	26,945	265	160	110
English	18,970	9,955	9,015	20	15	0
French	2,075	1,130	945	0	0	0
Non-official language	425	190	240	0	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	425	185	240	0	0	0
English and French	15	15	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	205	100	105	0	10	0
French and non-official language	20	10	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	133,730	65,290	68,440	510	270	240
Non-movers	110,580	53,880	56,700	465	250	210
Movers	23,150	11,410	11,735	45	20	25
Non-migrants	16,000	7,990	8,010	15	10	0
Migrants	7,155	3,425	3,730	35	15	20
Internal migrants	5,220	2,450	2,770	30	15	20
Intraprovincial migrants	4,970	2,315	2,650	30	15	20
Interprovincial migrants	250	130	115	0	0	0
External migrants	1,935	975	960	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	127,885	62,305	65,580	485	255	225
Non-movers	69,805	33,675	36,125	345	195	150
Movers	58,080	28,625	29,455	140	60	75
Non-migrants	37,930	18,745	19,180	50	20	30
Migrants	20,155	9,880	10,275	80	40	45
Internal migrants	15,290	7,505	7,785	75	35	40
Intraprovincial migrants	14,560	7,140	7,420	75	40	40
Interprovincial migrants	730	365	365	0	0	0
External migrants	4,865	2,380	2,485	10	0	10

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Sherbrooke [Population centre], Quebec and Saint-Marcel-de-Richelieu, MÉ [Census subdivision], Quebec (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 7, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Sherbrooke [Population centre], Quebec and Saint-Marcel-de-Richelieu, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec

Census Profile, 2016 Census Sherbrooke [Population centre], Quebec and Saint-Marcel-de-Richelieu, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Sherbrooke [Population centre], Quebec and Saint-Marcel-de-Richelieu, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec