Census Profile, 2016 Census
Slave Lake [Population centre], Alberta and Sarnia, City [Census subdivision], Ontario

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Slave Lake Alberta [Population centre]			Sarnia, CY Ontario [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Slave Lake [Population centre], Alberta Map : Slave Lake [Population centre], Alberta Change geography 1			Data quality : Sarnia, City [Census subdivision], Ontario Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	6,155	...	...	71,594	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	6,517 ^r	...	...	72,366	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-5.6	...	...	-1.1	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	2,557	...	...	33,324	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	2,140	...	...	31,937	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	919.9	...	...	434.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	6.69	...	...	164.85	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	6,160	3,080	3,080	71,595	34,655	36,935
0 to 14 years	1,475	720	755	10,635	5,340	5,295
0 to 4 years	545	260	285	3,405	1,705	1,695
5 to 9 years	510	250	260	3,765	1,865	1,900
10 to 14 years	425	210	215	3,470	1,765	1,700
15 to 64 years	4,260	2,160	2,100	45,430	22,380	23,050
15 to 19 years	410	205	205	3,880	1,975	1,910
20 to 24 years	455	230	220	4,520	2,340	2,180
25 to 29 years	510	245	265	4,415	2,250	2,160
30 to 34 years	525	250	275	4,175	2,100	2,075
35 to 39 years	530	270	255	3,780	1,810	1,965
40 to 44 years	415	220	200	3,895	1,920	1,970
45 to 49 years	395	205	195	4,130	2,020	2,110
50 to 54 years	380	195	185	5,180	2,470	2,710
55 to 59 years	355	185	175	5,850	2,810	3,035
60 to 64 years	280	155	125	5,605	2,680	2,920
65 years and over	420	200	220	15,530	6,935	8,595
65 to 69 years	190	95	95	4,820	2,330	2,490
70 to 74 years	95	45	45	3,620	1,710	1,910
75 to 79 years	65	30	30	2,670	1,175	1,495
80 to 84 years	40	15	30	2,175	920	1,250
85 years and over	35	15	20	2,245	795	1,445
85 to 89 years	25	10	15	1,430	565	865
90 to 94 years	10	5	5	640	190	450
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	145	30	110
100 years and over	0	0	0	25	5	15
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	23.9	23.4	24.5	14.9	15.4	14.3
15 to 64 years	69.2	70.1	68.2	63.5	64.6	62.4
65 years and over	6.8	6.5	7.1	21.7	20.0	23.3
85 years and over	0.6	0.5	0.6	3.1	2.3	3.9
Average age of the population	33.2	33.4	32.9	43.9	42.7	45.0
Median age of the population	32.1	32.4	31.7	45.6	44.0	47.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	2,140	...	...	31,935	...	...
Single-detached house	1,165	...	...	21,405	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	3,905	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	570	...	...	6,585	...	...
Semi-detached house	115	...	...	1,330	...	...
Row house	135	...	...	1,750	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	10	...	...	825	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	305	...	...	2,635	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	55	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	405	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	2,140	...	...	31,940	...	...
1 person	410	...	...	10,600	...	...
2 persons	645	...	...	11,845	...	...
3 persons	410	...	...	4,220	...	...
4 persons	395	...	...	3,570	...	...
5 or more persons	275	...	...	1,705	...	...
Number of persons in private households	6,050	...	...	70,375	...	...
Average household size	2.8	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	4,685	2,360	2,325	60,955	29,315	31,645
Married or living common law	2,830	1,425	1,410	34,280	17,135	17,140
Married	2,090	1,050	1,040	28,580	14,290	14,290
Living common law	740	370	375	5,700	2,845	2,850
Not married and not living common law	1,850	935	915	26,675	12,180	14,500
Never married	1,330	735	595	15,510	8,515	6,990
Separated	140	60	80	2,175	935	1,240
Divorced	235	110	125	4,345	1,770	2,570
Widowed	155	30	120	4,655	955	3,695
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	1,700	...	...	20,600	...	...
2 persons	745	...	...	11,880	...	...
3 persons	415	...	...	4,055	...	...
4 persons	365	...	...	3,305	...	...
5 or more persons	185	...	...	1,370	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	1,705	...	...	20,600	...	...
Total couple families	1,370	...	...	16,840	...	...
Married couples	995	...	...	13,995	...	...
Common-law couples	375	...	...	2,850	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	335	...	...	3,765	...	...
Female parent	265	...	...	2,980	...	...
Male parent	65	...	...	785	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	1,365	...	...	16,835	...	...
Couples without children	570	...	...	9,610	...	...
Couples with children	800	...	...	7,230	...	...
1 child	310	...	...	2,975	...	...
2 children	325	...	...	2,980	...	...
3 or more children	165	...	...	1,270	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	335	...	...	3,760	...	...
1 child	175	...	...	2,270	...	...
2 children	100	...	...	1,070	...	...
3 or more children	60	...	...	420	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	885	515	370	14,015	6,700	7,320
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	2,140	...	...	31,935	...	...
One-census-family households	1,570	...	...	20,015	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	515	...	...	9,395	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	1,045	...	...	10,615	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	65	...	...	290	...	...
Non-census-family households	505	...	...	11,630	...	...
One-person households	410	...	...	10,595	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	95	...	...	1,035	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	6,145	3,070	3,075	70,715	34,330	36,385
English only	5,885	2,940	2,950	65,065	31,875	33,190
French only	0	0	5	40	20	20
English and French	225	120	105	5,375	2,340	3,035
Neither English nor French	25	10	15	240	95	145
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	6,145	3,070	3,070	70,715	34,335	36,385
English	6,025	3,005	3,020	68,770	33,460	35,310
French	85	45	40	1,605	725	875
English and French	5	5	0	110	50	55
Neither English nor French	25	10	15	230	90	140
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	90	50	40	1,665	750	910
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.5	1.6	1.3	2.4	2.2	2.5
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	6,140	3,070	3,075	70,715	34,335	36,385
Single responses	6,010	3,005	3,005	69,910	33,950	35,965
Official languages	5,195	2,645	2,550	64,110	31,115	32,995
English	5,095	2,590	2,505	62,380	30,340	32,040
French	105	55	45	1,730	770	960
Non-official languages	815	360	455	5,805	2,830	2,975
Aboriginal languages	160	45	115	15	5	10
Algonquian languages	160	50	110	15	5	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	160	45	110	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	10	5	10	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	15	5	15	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	125	40	90	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	15	5	10
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	5	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	660	310	340	5,785	2,825	2,965
Afro-Asiatic languages	65	35	35	245	130	110
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	5	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	65	35	35	240	125	110
Amharic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Arabic	65	35	30	205	105	95
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	0	5
Maltese	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	10	0	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	70	35	35
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Vietnamese	0	0	0	65	35	35
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	340	155	185	205	70	140
Bikol	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cebuano	10	5	5	10	0	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	5	5	10	5	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	5	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	320	145	175	175	60	115
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	5
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Creole languages	5	0	0	5	5	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	20	10	10	135	85	45
Kannada	5	0	0	5	0	5
Malayalam	5	5	0	55	35	15
Tamil	10	5	5	35	20	15
Telugu	0	5	0	40	25	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	180	95	85	4,445	2,170	2,275
Albanian	0	0	0	10	5	0
Armenian	0	0	0	20	10	5
Balto-Slavic languages	25	10	20	700	310	385
Baltic languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Latvian	0	0	0	10	5	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	15	5	5
Slavic languages	30	10	15	675	300	370
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Croatian	0	0	0	50	30	25
Czech	5	5	0	50	15	35
Macedonian	0	0	0	10	5	0
Polish	5	0	5	285	125	155
Russian	0	0	5	55	20	35
Serbian	5	5	0	25	15	10
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	0	5
Slovak	0	0	0	75	35	45
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	10	5	0
Ukrainian	5	0	5	80	30	45
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	5	0
Welsh	0	0	0	5	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	80	40	35	1,125	515	605
Afrikaans	5	5	5	15	5	10
Danish	0	0	0	25	15	15
Dutch	5	5	5	635	290	345
Frisian	0	0	0	30	15	15
German	60	35	25	385	180	205
Icelandic	0	0	0	5	5	5
Norwegian	5	0	0	0	5	0
Swedish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	20	0	15
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	185	110	80
Indo-Iranian languages	40	25	20	735	405	330
Indo-Aryan languages	35	20	15	655	360	290
Bengali	0	0	0	25	10	15
Gujarati	0	0	0	265	140	125
Hindi	10	5	5	110	60	45
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	5	0	5
Marathi	5	0	5	25	15	5
Nepali	0	0	0	5	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	5	5	115	60	50
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	0	0	0	5
Urdu	10	5	5	105	55	50
Iranian languages	5	0	0	75	45	35
Kurdish	0	0	0	15	5	5
Pashto	5	5	0	10	5	5
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	60	30	25
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages	30	20	15	1,665	810	855
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	875	455	420
Portuguese	5	5	5	365	170	190
Romanian	5	5	5	45	20	30
Spanish	20	10	10	385	170	210
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	20	10	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	5	70	30	45
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	5	45	30	15
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	5	5	5
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Shona	5	0	5	5	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	5	5	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	0	0	25	20	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	5	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	15	15	365	175	190
Chinese languages	30	20	15	340	160	180
Cantonese	10	0	5	135	70	60
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	10	10	175	80	95
Min Dong	0	0	0	5	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	5	15	10	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Burmese	0	0	0	20	10	10
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	5	0	10
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	5	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	10	5	5
Turkish	0	0	0	15	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	0	125	60	65
Estonian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Finnish	0	0	0	30	15	20
Hungarian	0	0	0	90	45	45
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	5	5	0
Multiple responses	135	65	70	805	385	420
English and French	10	0	5	260	105	150
English and non-official language	120	55	65	495	255	245
French and non-official language	0	0	0	20	15	10
English, French and non-official language	5	5	0	30	15	15
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	6,145	3,070	3,070	70,715	34,330	36,385
Single responses	5,925	2,960	2,960	69,600	33,800	35,800
Official languages	5,570	2,795	2,775	67,680	32,885	34,800
English	5,555	2,795	2,765	67,205	32,675	34,525
French	15	5	10	480	205	270
Non-official languages	350	165	185	1,915	915	1,000
Aboriginal languages	30	10	20	0	5	0
Algonquian languages	25	10	20	5	5	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	20	5	15	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	320	155	165	1,915	915	1,000
Afro-Asiatic languages	40	20	20	110	50	60
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	40	20	20	110	50	60
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	45	20	25	90	45	50
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	5	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	10	5	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	40	25	20
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	35	20	20
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	180	80	100	65	35	35
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	5	5	0	5	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	5	0	0	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	5	5	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	175	75	100	60	30	30
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	5	5	80	50	30
Kannada	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	40	30	10
Tamil	5	0	0	25	15	10
Telugu	0	0	0	10	10	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	55	30	25	1,280	595	680
Albanian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Armenian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	5	5	135	60	75
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	5	0	130	60	75
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Czech	0	0	0	15	5	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	55	25	30
Russian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Serbian	5	5	5	15	5	5
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	15	5	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	15	10	5	70	30	40
Afrikaans	5	0	0	10	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	20	5	10
Frisian	0	0	0	5	0	0
German	10	5	5	40	20	25
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	85	40	40
Indo-Iranian languages	15	10	5	395	210	190
Indo-Aryan languages	15	10	5	360	190	170
Bengali	0	0	0	5	0	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	175	90	85
Hindi	10	5	5	50	30	25
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	5	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	15	5	5
Nepali	0	0	0	5	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	60	35	25
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Urdu	5	5	5	50	20	20
Iranian languages	0	0	5	35	20	20
Kurdish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Pashto	5	0	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	25	15	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	15	10	590	245	345
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	235	95	145
Portuguese	5	0	0	155	60	90
Romanian	5	0	0	15	5	10
Spanish	15	5	5	190	85	105
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	15	10	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	5	5	45	20	25
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	5	0	5
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	20	15	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	20	10	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	10	10	215	105	115
Chinese languages	25	10	10	205	100	105
Cantonese	5	0	0	75	35	40
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	5	10	115	60	55
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Burmese	0	0	0	15	5	10
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	5	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	0	20	10	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	5	5	20	5	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	220	105	115	1,115	530	585
English and French	0	0	0	115	45	75
English and non-official language	215	105	110	970	470	495
French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	5	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	25	10	10
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	6,140	3,070	3,075	70,715	34,335	36,385
None	5,505	2,785	2,720	66,260	32,260	34,000
English	215	100	120	1,090	520	570
French	55	25	30	1,215	500	710
Non-official language	360	155	205	2,075	1,015	1,060
Aboriginal	130	50	80	55	20	35
Non-Aboriginal	235	110	130	2,025	990	1,035
English and French	0	0	0	5	0	0
English and non-official language	5	0	0	25	10	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	50	25	25
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	4,575	2,305	2,265	59,750	28,875	30,875
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,370	2,210	2,155	57,580	27,965	29,615
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,905	67,925	33,052	33,833	46,087	26,260
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,370	2,210	2,160	57,630	27,970	29,665
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,767	56,646	30,379	30,745	40,724	24,345
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,060	2,135	1,920	51,115	25,415	25,700
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,639	68,032	32,363	31,365	43,468	22,485
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,385	830	1,550	43,680	19,865	23,820
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	3,784	3,224	3,912	8,017	8,111	7,956
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,830	2,040	1,790	39,900	21,390	18,510
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,872	67,226	32,192	29,532	38,071	23,845
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	4,500	2,260	2,240	59,750	28,890	30,860
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,300	2,165	2,130	57,430	27,940	29,490
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	58,697	75,015	42,120	48,592	62,061	35,829
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,295	2,165	2,130	57,505	27,945	29,560
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	48,441	59,964	36,735	39,829	49,579	30,613
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,020	2,105	1,920	51,000	25,395	25,600
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	58,673	74,843	40,913	47,164	61,572	32,874
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,400	850	1,550	43,500	19,805	23,695
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,792	5,801	7,333	8,862	8,613	9,069
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,745	1,980	1,765	39,900	21,405	18,495
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	57,757	73,492	40,084	45,860	56,595	33,435
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	4,495	2,255	2,240	59,750	28,890	30,860
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	1,815	1,080	730	17,125	9,765	7,365
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	68,334	81,603	48,762	55,234	70,966	43,649
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	75,980	89,370	56,190	71,606	85,426	53,279
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	93.5	96.7	88.1	86.2	90.3	79.5
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	86.2	89.9	79.7	65.3	69.5	58.2
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	6.5	3.3	12.2	13.8	9.7	20.5
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	4,575	2,305	2,270	59,750	28,875	30,875
Without total income	210	95	110	2,170	910	1,260
With total income	4,365	2,210	2,160	57,580	27,970	29,615
Percentage with total income	95.4	95.9	95.2	96.4	96.9	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	525	180	340	8,115	3,275	4,845
$10,000 to $19,999	465	145	315	9,805	3,460	6,345
$20,000 to $29,999	515	170	340	8,260	2,925	5,335
$30,000 to $39,999	430	155	280	6,440	2,730	3,710
$40,000 to $49,999	365	150	215	5,585	2,635	2,950
$50,000 to $59,999	305	145	160	4,180	2,355	1,825
$60,000 to $69,999	315	190	125	3,270	2,000	1,270
$70,000 to $79,999	265	195	75	2,495	1,620	875
$80,000 to $89,999	255	175	80	1,970	1,310	665
$90,000 to $99,999	225	150	75	1,720	1,095	625
$100,000 and over	695	555	140	5,735	4,575	1,165
$100,000 to $149,999	530	425	105	3,620	2,815	805
$150,000 and over	160	125	30	2,120	1,760	360
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	4,575	2,305	2,270	59,750	28,870	30,875
Without after-tax income	205	95	115	2,120	910	1,210
With after-tax income	4,370	2,210	2,160	57,630	27,965	29,660
Percentage with after-tax income	95.5	95.9	95.2	96.5	96.9	96.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	530	185	345	8,540	3,315	5,225
$10,000 to $19,999	490	160	330	10,250	3,630	6,620
$20,000 to $29,999	590	195	390	9,445	3,505	5,940
$30,000 to $39,999	490	185	310	7,515	3,305	4,210
$40,000 to $49,999	450	215	235	6,030	3,195	2,835
$50,000 to $59,999	435	255	180	4,380	2,675	1,705
$60,000 to $69,999	360	250	115	3,115	2,085	1,030
$70,000 to $79,999	305	220	85	2,595	1,735	860
$80,000 and over	715	550	160	5,755	4,520	1,235
$80,000 to $89,999	245	165	80	1,675	1,200	470
$90,000 to $99,999	155	125	30	1,125	865	255
$100,000 and over	315	255	55	2,965	2,455	505
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	4,575	2,305	2,265	59,750	28,875	30,875
Without employment income	745	265	480	19,850	7,485	12,365
With employment income	3,830	2,040	1,790	39,900	21,395	18,505
Percentage with employment income	83.7	88.5	79.0	66.8	74.1	59.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	350	145	210	7,645	4,370	3,285
$5,000 to $9,999	235	80	155	3,215	1,350	1,865
$10,000 to $19,999	350	110	235	4,940	1,930	3,015
$20,000 to $29,999	395	145	250	4,325	1,715	2,615
$30,000 to $39,999	340	120	215	3,810	1,630	2,180
$40,000 to $49,999	310	135	175	3,040	1,470	1,570
$50,000 to $59,999	265	140	130	2,320	1,290	1,025
$60,000 to $69,999	310	190	120	1,825	1,110	715
$70,000 to $79,999	245	175	65	1,475	960	520
$80,000 and over	1,035	795	240	7,295	5,570	1,730
$80,000 to $89,999	215	160	60	1,375	905	475
$90,000 to $99,999	215	150	70	1,355	855	505
$100,000 and over	600	495	110	4,565	3,815	750
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	2,140	...	...	31,940	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	106,411	...	...	66,050	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	89,242	...	...	58,286	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	415	...	...	10,595	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	62,912	...	...	35,042	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	52,800	...	...	31,843	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	1,730	...	...	21,340	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	118,118	...	...	85,974	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	100,198	...	...	75,024	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	2,120	...	...	31,940	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	119,001	...	...	87,384	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	98,208	...	...	71,715	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	390	...	...	10,605	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	75,166	...	...	46,517	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	60,397	...	...	38,931	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	1,725	...	...	21,330	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	128,888	...	...	107,709	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	106,735	...	...	88,020	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	2,140	...	...	31,935	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...	360	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	585	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	30	...	...	1,130	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	45	...	...	1,370	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	60	...	...	1,590	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	35	...	...	1,355	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	50	...	...	1,475	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	60	...	...	1,450	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	55	...	...	1,400	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	45	...	...	1,340	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	105	...	...	2,515	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	95	...	...	2,285	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	130	...	...	2,090	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	125	...	...	1,845	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	140	...	...	1,610	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,145	...	...	9,555	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	290	...	...	3,060	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	265	...	...	2,065	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	330	...	...	2,310	...	...
$200,000 and over	260	...	...	2,125	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	2,140	...	...	31,935	...	...
Under $5,000	20	...	...	380	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	595	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	30	...	...	1,145	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	45	...	...	1,420	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	55	...	...	1,795	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	45	...	...	1,550	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	65	...	...	1,675	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	55	...	...	1,655	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	70	...	...	1,710	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	65	...	...	1,540	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	120	...	...	2,995	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	155	...	...	2,575	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	165	...	...	2,430	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	185	...	...	1,935	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	145	...	...	1,620	...	...
$100,000 and over	910	...	...	6,920	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	350	...	...	2,905	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	230	...	...	1,670	...	...
$150,000 and over	330	...	...	2,340	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	1,670	...	...	20,560	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	112,640	...	...	86,654	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	96,142	...	...	75,538	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.2	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	515	...	...	9,240	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	114,347	...	...	81,939	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	96,896	...	...	71,700	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	805	...	...	7,315	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	133,786	...	...	120,928	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	110,400	...	...	102,152	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	300	...	...	3,570	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	50,304	...	...	45,580	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,720	...	...	43,377	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.9	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	1,640	...	...	20,535	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	125,513	...	...	108,818	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	103,936	...	...	88,738	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	515	...	...	9,240	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	141,212	...	...	101,572	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	113,993	...	...	82,884	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	780	...	...	7,280	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	137,681	...	...	143,866	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	114,112	...	...	115,248	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	290	...	...	3,585	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	62,755	...	...	58,491	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,197	...	...	51,378	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	735	430	300	12,875	6,200	6,680
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	49,792	64,000	38,400	32,073	34,883	29,973
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	43,221	52,608	35,755	29,184	31,430	27,712
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	715	430	295	12,875	6,240	6,640
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	64,649	74,872	49,767	43,196	47,618	39,041
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	52,543	59,486	42,437	36,355	39,161	33,718
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	6,050	3,025	3,025	70,375	34,205	36,165
In the bottom half of the distribution	2,215	1,015	1,200	34,145	15,780	18,365
In the bottom decile	535	225	310	7,515	3,575	3,940
In the second decile	350	150	205	7,070	2,980	4,090
In the third decile	415	200	215	6,645	3,030	3,610
In the fourth decile	500	245	255	6,335	2,990	3,340
In the fifth decile	410	195	220	6,580	3,200	3,380
In the top half of the distribution	3,835	2,010	1,825	36,235	18,430	17,805
In the sixth decile	590	275	315	6,535	3,265	3,275
In the seventh decile	630	330	300	7,345	3,650	3,700
In the eighth decile	755	395	365	7,295	3,735	3,560
In the ninth decile	860	460	395	7,405	3,815	3,585
In the top decile	1,000	550	445	7,650	3,960	3,685
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	6,050	3,025	3,025	70,370	34,210	36,165
0 to 17 years	1,735	845	885	12,865	6,500	6,370
0 to 5 years	650	315	335	4,100	2,055	2,040
18 to 64 years	3,965	2,010	1,955	42,950	21,080	21,875
65 years and over	355	170	185	14,555	6,630	7,925
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	630	255	370	10,955	4,910	6,040
0 to 17 years	295	140	155	2,750	1,360	1,390
0 to 5 years	120	55	65	1,040	515	525
18 to 64 years	310	115	195	6,755	3,110	3,650
65 years and over	30	10	20	1,445	445	1,005
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	10.4	8.4	12.2	15.6	14.4	16.7
0 to 17 years (%)	17.0	16.6	17.5	21.4	20.9	21.8
0 to 5 years (%)	18.5	17.5	19.4	25.4	25.1	25.7
18 to 64 years (%)	7.8	5.7	10.0	15.7	14.8	16.7
65 years and over (%)	8.5	5.9	10.8	9.9	6.7	12.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	320	140	180	6,040	2,945	3,095
0 to 17 years	155	75	80	1,320	635	685
0 to 5 years	65	30	35	510	240	265
18 to 64 years	165	65	95	4,450	2,210	2,245
65 years and over	5	0	5	275	100	170
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.3	4.6	6.0	8.6	8.6	8.6
0 to 17 years (%)	8.9	8.9	9.0	10.3	9.8	10.8
0 to 5 years (%)	10.0	9.5	10.4	12.4	11.7	13.0
18 to 64 years (%)	4.2	3.2	4.9	10.4	10.5	10.3
65 years and over (%)	1.4	0.0	2.7	1.9	1.5	2.1
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	5,980	2,985	2,995	70,370	34,205	36,165
Official languages	5,910	2,955	2,955	70,125	34,085	36,035
English	5,905	2,955	2,955	70,100	34,080	36,020
French	220	105	115	5,470	2,435	3,030
Non-official languages	1,030	495	530	7,420	3,570	3,850
Aboriginal languages	145	50	95	90	25	65
Algonquian languages	140	45	90	90	25	65
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	140	45	90	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	10	0	10	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	25	0	20	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	115	40	75	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	90	25	65
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	90	25	65
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	10	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	880	445	435	7,330	3,540	3,790
Afro-Asiatic languages	115	70	45	465	270	195
Berber languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	10	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	110	65	40	460	260	195
Amharic	0	0	0	10	0	10
Arabic	110	70	45	405	225	180
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	10	0
Maltese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	15	10	10
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	30	10
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	40	25	20
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	35	20	20
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	315	130	190	290	110	180
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	15	10	10	15	10	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	20	15	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	310	130	180	265	95	175
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Creole languages	25	10	10	20	10	15
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	10
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	60	20	35	175	140	35
Kannada	10	10	0	10	10	0
Malayalam	10	0	0	85	65	25
Tamil	50	20	30	40	30	10
Telugu	0	0	0	70	60	15
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	315	190	130	5,585	2,670	2,915
Albanian	0	0	0	25	15	15
Armenian	0	0	0	20	0	15
Balto-Slavic languages	80	45	30	805	350	455
Baltic languages	0	0	0	20	10	15
Latvian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	80	45	35	790	350	440
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Bulgarian	0	0	0	40	20	20
Croatian	0	0	0	35	10	25
Czech	10	0	0	45	25	20
Macedonian	0	0	0	20	15	0
Polish	10	0	0	340	160	180
Russian	10	15	0	135	50	90
Serbian	50	35	20	15	0	15
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	90	25	60
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	15	15	0
Ukrainian	15	0	10	95	40	55
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	30	25	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Welsh	0	0	0	15	10	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	105	65	40	1,360	640	720
Afrikaans	0	10	0	0	0	10
Danish	0	0	0	10	10	10
Dutch	35	15	20	735	340	400
Frisian	0	0	0	45	25	20
German	70	50	20	580	285	295
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Swedish	0	0	0	10	15	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Greek	0	0	0	255	145	105
Indo-Iranian languages	60	35	25	995	550	445
Indo-Aryan languages	60	30	25	895	500	395
Bengali	0	0	0	50	30	20
Gujarati	0	0	0	345	200	145
Hindi	50	30	20	505	290	215
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	10	0	10
Marathi	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	10
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	10	10	165	80	90
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	170	85	85
Iranian languages	0	0	0	110	55	55
Kurdish	0	0	0	25	10	20
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	90	50	40
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	75	40	35	2,220	1,010	1,215
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	0	0	1,050	500	550
Portuguese	10	0	0	365	150	215
Romanian	20	15	10	45	15	30
Spanish	50	25	25	810	365	440
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	85	60	20
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	10	10	70	35	40
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	165	85	80
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	10	10	0
Lingala	0	0	0	15	10	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	115	50	65
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	15	10	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	75	30	45
American Sign Language	0	0	0	20	0	15
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	25	30
Sino-Tibetan languages	55	25	30	405	180	230
Chinese languages	55	25	30	370	165	205
Cantonese	45	15	25	145	75	70
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	20	10	10	210	80	135
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	25	0	20	30	15	20
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	40	20	20
Burmese	0	0	0	40	20	20
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	10	0	15	10	10
Lao	10	10	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	15	0	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	20	10	15
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	10	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	15	0	15
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	115	60	55
Estonian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	10	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	110	50	60
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	5,980	2,990	2,995	70,375	34,210	36,165
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	5,495	2,770	2,730	68,125	33,150	34,980
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,655	820	835	12,710	6,370	6,335
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	3,840	1,945	1,900	55,420	26,775	28,645
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	480	220	260	2,250	1,060	1,190
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	5,980	2,990	2,995	70,375	34,205	36,170
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	5,155	2,595	2,560	61,010	29,805	31,210
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	725	360	370	8,810	4,050	4,765
Before 1981	85	45	45	5,380	2,550	2,830
1981 to 1990	105	55	45	955	360	595
1991 to 2000	75	40	35	880	405	475
2001 to 2010	135	65	70	1,115	515	605
2001 to 2005	40	10	25	525	245	275
2006 to 2010	95	50	40	600	270	330
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	325	155	170	480	220	260
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	100	30	70	550	360	190
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	725	355	365	8,810	4,050	4,765
Under 5 years	80	40	35	1,200	545	655
5 to 14 years	135	65	65	1,670	860	805
15 to 24 years	145	65	80	2,285	980	1,305
25 to 44 years	310	155	155	3,175	1,440	1,740
45 years and over	55	30	30	485	220	260
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	725	360	365	8,810	4,050	4,765
Americas	125	70	60	1,570	595	980
Brazil	0	0	0	10	10	10
Colombia	0	0	0	45	20	30
El Salvador	0	0	0	90	45	50
Guyana	0	0	0	20	10	10
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	10
Jamaica	30	15	15	110	60	50
Mexico	25	20	10	60	30	30
Peru	0	0	0	10	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	65	30	40
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	35	20	15	940	280	655
Other places of birth in Americas	35	15	25	220	110	110
Europe	140	70	75	5,115	2,435	2,675
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	10	0	20	0	15
Croatia	0	0	0	25	10	10
France	0	0	0	45	20	20
Germany	15	0	10	300	125	175
Greece	0	0	0	155	85	70
Hungary	0	0	0	95	50	45
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	10	10	10	100	45	55
Italy	0	0	0	630	325	310
Netherlands	10	10	0	600	310	290
Poland	0	0	10	200	90	110
Portugal	0	0	0	215	85	130
Romania	20	15	10	55	15	40
Russian Federation	0	0	0	25	10	15
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	15	0	15	15	0	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	20	0	20
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	55	20	35	2,300	1,110	1,190
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	325	155	170
Africa	10	10	0	315	165	150
Algeria	0	0	0	10	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	30	15	15
Ethiopia	0	0	0	15	10	10
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	10
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	15	15	0
Somalia	0	0	0	10	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	10	0	20	15	10
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	0	215	100	110
Asia	445	215	225	1,775	825	950
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	15	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	20	0	20	200	60	145
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	10	0	0	40	30	15
India	80	35	45	455	230	225
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	80	45	30
Iraq	0	0	0	155	90	65
Japan	0	0	0	15	10	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	0	10	65	25	40
Lebanon	30	20	10	50	20	25
Pakistan	0	0	0	115	55	60
Philippines	255	115	140	265	105	165
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	10	10	10
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	40	25	20
Taiwan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	65	25	40
Other places of birth in Asia	40	20	15	210	105	105
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	35	25	10
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	325	155	170	480	220	260
Americas	45	30	15	110	60	55
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	10	10	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	25	15	10	0	0	0
Mexico	15	10	0	10	10	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	80	30	50
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	10	20	10	0
Europe	0	0	0	75	15	55
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	10	0	10
Russian Federation	0	0	0	10	10	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	10	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	10	35	10	25
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	10	0	10
Africa	0	0	0	75	45	30
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	10	10	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	10	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	10	10	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	15	15	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	40	20	25
Asia	275	125	150	220	95	125
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	10	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	15	0	15	15	10	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	50	25	30	70	35	35
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	20	15	15
Iraq	0	0	0	20	10	10
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Lebanon	10	10	0	10	0	10
Nepal	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pakistan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Philippines	190	95	105	25	0	20
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	25	10	15
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	10	10	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	5,980	2,985	2,990	70,370	34,205	36,165
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	850	395	455	9,685	4,555	5,135
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	760	415	340	12,305	6,130	6,170
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	4,370	2,175	2,200	48,375	23,520	24,855
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	640	320	320	3,550	1,550	2,000
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	440	215	220	1,465	750	715
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	175	110	65	540	395	140
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	270	110	160	930	355	580
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	185	85	105	1,565	550	1,015
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	15	15	0	495	230	260
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	25	15	10
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	5,980	2,990	2,990	70,375	34,205	36,165
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	1,530	675	860	2,745	1,290	1,455
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	1,525	665	855	2,630	1,230	1,400
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	825	335	490	1,860	855	1,010
Métis	695	335	365	755	375	380
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	15	10	15
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	35	15	25
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	10	10	10	75	45	30
Non-Aboriginal identity	4,450	2,315	2,135	67,630	32,915	34,710
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	5,980	2,990	2,995	70,375	34,210	36,165
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	765	305	465	1,480	655	825
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	5,210	2,685	2,525	68,895	33,550	35,340
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	5,980	2,990	2,990	70,370	34,205	36,165
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	530	225	300	805	345	460
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	510	210	295	800	340	460
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	365	145	220	715	310	405
Métis single ancestry	145	65	80	80	25	55
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	15	15	10	0	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15	10	10	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	1,040	475	565	2,840	1,415	1,430
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	990	450	540	2,790	1,385	1,405
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	595	270	330	1,995	975	1,020
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	390	180	210	780	405	380
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	15	10	15
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	50	20	30	50	35	20
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	50	20	30	55	30	20
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	4,415	2,290	2,120	66,725	32,450	34,275
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	5,980	2,985	2,995	70,375	34,210	36,165
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	830	420	410	4,705	2,435	2,270
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	115	60	55	1,225	670	550
Chinese	35	15	20	565	255	310
Black	55	20	30	990	525	465
Filipino	380	175	205	420	170	250
Latin American	25	15	10	385	205	185
Arab	155	85	65	405	215	190
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	10	10	0	200	105	95
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	110	60	55
Korean	15	10	0	85	45	40
Japanese	25	25	0	80	45	30
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	115	70	40
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	20	10	10	120	65	55
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	5,150	2,570	2,585	65,670	31,775	33,900
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	5,980	2,985	2,990	70,375	34,210	36,170
North American Aboriginal origins	1,570	700	870	3,650	1,755	1,890
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,025	445	580	2,765	1,320	1,445
Inuit	0	0	0	20	10	10
Métis	610	280	325	925	470	455
Other North American origins	1,935	960	975	25,080	12,010	13,070
Acadian	15	10	10	55	15	35
American	85	30	60	1,270	515	755
Canadian	1,845	920	920	24,195	11,650	12,545
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	15	10	10	40	25	20
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	25	10	15
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	15	10	0
European origins	3,630	1,860	1,770	53,825	25,945	27,880
British Isles origins	2,120	1,070	1,050	38,780	18,715	20,065
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	1,155	605	550	23,035	10,650	12,380
Irish	790	395	390	15,680	7,495	8,180
Manx	0	0	0	45	20	20
Scottish	810	400	410	17,105	8,225	8,885
Welsh	100	50	45	1,510	740	770
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	40	10	30	1,820	860	955
French origins	850	385	465	11,030	5,190	5,835
Alsatian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	845	385	465	11,020	5,195	5,825
Western European origins (except French origins)	1,170	645	530	13,780	6,625	7,160
Austrian	60	35	20	275	145	135
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	20	10	10	890	390	505
Dutch	250	130	120	5,755	2,740	3,020
Flemish	0	10	0	35	20	25
Frisian	0	0	0	25	15	15
German	915	485	430	7,700	3,740	3,965
Luxembourger	0	0	0	25	0	20
Swiss	40	40	0	95	45	45
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	390	185	200	1,520	730	790
Danish	25	10	15	370	195	175
Finnish	20	0	15	330	180	150
Icelandic	40	25	20	85	45	40
Norwegian	175	105	75	375	180	190
Swedish	135	55	80	330	130	200
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	15	0	10	75	15	60
Eastern European origins	1,035	545	485	5,595	2,655	2,940
Bulgarian	0	0	0	75	30	50
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	40	20	20	290	160	125
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	10	10	0	140	45	90
Estonian	0	0	0	40	35	0
Hungarian	55	30	25	730	315	420
Latvian	0	0	0	60	30	30
Lithuanian	0	0	0	85	25	65
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Polish	330	150	175	2,060	1,070	990
Romanian	35	20	15	330	135	200
Russian	110	65	40	610	290	320
Slovak	0	0	0	475	205	270
Ukrainian	710	360	345	1,525	725	805
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	40	20	15
Southern European origins	210	100	110	5,965	3,040	2,925
Albanian	0	0	0	25	15	15
Bosnian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	50	40	10	150	80	75
Cypriot	0	0	0	20	10	10
Greek	10	0	10	580	320	260
Italian	85	20	65	3,620	1,855	1,760
Kosovar	0	0	0	10	0	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	50	40	15
Maltese	0	0	0	90	65	25
Montenegrin	35	30	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	875	430	445
Serbian	50	35	20	65	40	20
Sicilian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Slovenian	0	0	0	45	20	25
Spanish	55	25	30	495	220	280
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	10	0	0	95	45	50
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	85	45	40	240	100	140
Basque	0	10	0	0	0	0
Jewish	15	10	0	90	40	50
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	70	35	35	145	55	85
Caribbean origins	50	20	30	685	405	280
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	45	25	20
Bermudan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	20	20	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	10	10	0	20	15	0
Jamaican	45	20	25	375	190	185
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	10	10
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	105	70	35
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	15	10	10
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	65	30	30
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	55	50	10
Latin, Central and South American origins	65	40	25	635	325	310
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	10	10	0	15	0	10
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	15	10	10	30	15	20
Belizean	0	0	0	15	15	10
Bolivian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	50	35	15
Colombian	0	0	0	65	20	50
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	20	10	10
Guyanese	10	0	0	110	65	45
Hispanic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	25	15	15
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	40	25	15	165	80	85
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	105	55	50
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	20	10	10
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	20	0	10
African origins	10	0	10	810	410	400
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	215	115	100
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	20	10	10
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	100	40	60
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Liberian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	70	50	20
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	20	0	10
North African origins	0	0	0	105	45	60
Algerian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Berber	0	0	0	10	10	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	100	40	60
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	105	55	50
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	25	20	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	30	15	10
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	40	15	20
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	10	0	10	405	210	200
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	75	40	35
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	10	330	165	165
Asian origins	805	390	405	3,510	1,785	1,730
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	185	95	85	785	420	365
Afghan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	10	80	35	45
Armenian	0	0	0	25	15	15
Assyrian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	10	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	100	60	40
Iraqi	0	0	0	140	85	60
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	30	20	10	40	35	10
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	35	10	20
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	155	80	70	275	140	135
Palestinian	10	0	0	10	10	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	75	30	40
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	45	10	35
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	10	10	0
South Asian origins	120	65	55	1,250	685	570
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	10	0
Bengali	0	0	0	20	15	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	95	50	45	1,005	560	440
Goan	0	0	0	25	10	20
Gujarati	0	0	0	15	0	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	10
Pakistani	0	0	0	135	75	65
Punjabi	0	0	0	55	25	35
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	10	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	20	15	10	50	15	30
East and Southeast Asian origins	505	230	270	1,495	700	795
Burmese	0	0	0	40	20	20
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	65	25	40	715	360	355
Filipino	380	175	205	450	185	270
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	10	0	10	55	35	20
Japanese	25	25	0	90	50	45
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	0	10	85	45	40
Laotian	20	15	0	10	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	0	10	0	10
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	95	45	50
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Oceania origins	10	0	10	40	15	20
Australian	0	0	10	25	0	20
New Zealander	0	0	0	10	10	10
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	2,120	...	...	31,935	...	...
Owner	1,495	...	...	21,740	...	...
Renter	625	...	...	10,195	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	2,120	...	...	31,940	...	...
Condominium	160	...	...	1,385	...	...
Not condominium	1,960	...	...	30,550	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	2,120	...	...	31,935	...	...
No bedrooms	10	...	...	80	...	...
1 bedroom	80	...	...	3,850	...	...
2 bedrooms	265	...	...	7,595	...	...
3 bedrooms	915	...	...	12,240	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	855	...	...	8,170	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	2,120	...	...	31,940	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	385	...	...	6,550	...	...
5 rooms	470	...	...	4,100	...	...
6 rooms	300	...	...	4,375	...	...
7 rooms	295	...	...	4,650	...	...
8 or more rooms	670	...	...	12,260	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.6	...	...	6.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	2,120	...	...	31,935	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,020	...	...	31,790	...	...
More than 1 person per room	100	...	...	150	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	2,120	...	...	31,940	...	...
Suitable	1,990	...	...	31,200	...	...
Not suitable	125	...	...	735	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	2,120	...	...	31,940	...	...
1960 or before	35	...	...	12,100	...	...
1961 to 1980	590	...	...	11,120	...	...
1981 to 1990	415	...	...	3,775	...	...
1991 to 2000	285	...	...	2,065	...	...
2001 to 2005	130	...	...	975	...	...
2006 to 2010	185	...	...	1,120	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	475	...	...	780	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	2,120	...	...	31,935	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	1,990	...	...	29,600	...	...
Major repairs needed	130	...	...	2,335	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	2,120	...	...	31,935	...	...
1 household maintainer	1,160	...	...	20,875	...	...
2 household maintainers	905	...	...	10,670	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	55	...	...	385	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	2,120	...	...	31,940	...	...
15 to 24 years	100	...	...	1,090	...	...
25 to 34 years	480	...	...	4,235	...	...
35 to 44 years	515	...	...	4,460	...	...
45 to 54 years	435	...	...	5,475	...	...
55 to 64 years	370	...	...	6,805	...	...
65 to 74 years	170	...	...	5,355	...	...
75 to 84 years	50	...	...	3,210	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	1,315	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	2,120	...	...	31,830	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,740	...	...	24,590	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	375	...	...	7,240	...	...
30% to less than 100%	335	...	...	6,530	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,495	...	...	21,680	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	72.9	...	...	53.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	13.0	...	...	10.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,678	...	...	890	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,627	...	...	1,039	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	349,822	...	...	200,387	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	358,590	...	...	243,098	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	625	...	...	10,195	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	21.6	...	...	13.9	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	29.6	...	...	47.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,290	...	...	828	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,276	...	...	878	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	4,500	2,260	2,245	59,750	28,885	30,860
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,045	575	465	9,550	4,395	5,155
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	1,390	700	685	17,805	8,105	9,700
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,065	975	1,090	32,395	16,385	16,005
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	425	325	100	5,780	4,645	1,135
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	145	90	55	2,180	1,485	690
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	275	235	45	3,600	3,155	445
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	850	370	485	16,300	7,085	9,215
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	145	50	100	770	270	500
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	635	240	400	9,540	4,390	5,150
Bachelor's degree	490	185	305	6,755	2,920	3,835
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10	10	0	665	290	370
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	20	15	10	265	180	90
Master's degree	100	30	70	1,605	830	775
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	10	0	10	245	170	80
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	3,310	1,665	1,645	36,845	18,020	18,825
No certificate, diploma or degree	500	320	180	3,175	1,590	1,585
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	1,000	505	490	10,355	4,915	5,440
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,815	840	975	23,315	11,510	11,800
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	330	245	85	3,750	3,055	695
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	125	70	50	1,370	970	400
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	205	175	35	2,380	2,085	295
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	775	355	425	12,295	5,385	6,915
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	130	40	90	475	185	290
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	580	205	375	6,795	2,890	3,905
Bachelor's degree	450	170	285	4,840	1,955	2,875
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10	10	10	470	200	265
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	0	10	215	135	80
Master's degree	95	25	70	1,135	515	620
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	10	0	10	145	75	65
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	4,495	2,255	2,240	59,750	28,890	30,860
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	2,435	1,280	1,155	27,355	12,500	14,860
Education	215	40	175	1,905	510	1,395
13. Education	215	45	175	1,905	510	1,395
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	45	20	25	675	235	435
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	10	155	95	55
50. Visual and performing arts	35	10	20	520	140	380
Humanities	55	15	40	1,350	500	850
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	10	65	0	60
23. English language and literature/letters	20	10	15	345	65	275
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	15	0	15	410	160	255
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	0	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	10	50	25	25
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	150	100	55
54. History	10	10	10	255	135	115
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	65	0	70
Social and behavioural sciences and law	190	65	115	3,025	825	2,205
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	15	10	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	20	10	15	220	80	140
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	65	10	55	920	90	830
22. Legal professions and studies	15	10	0	370	145	230
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	10	35	0	30
42. Psychology	45	10	35	500	75	425
45. Social sciences	40	30	10	965	420	540
Business, management and public administration	445	90	350	5,090	1,595	3,495
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	55	0	55	725	130	600
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	390	90	295	4,355	1,465	2,885
Physical and life sciences and technologies	10	0	10	1,045	600	445
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0	10	310	120	190
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	0	140	70	70
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	10	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	330	225	105
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	260	180	80
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	55	10	50	890	585	300
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	45	10	40	715	495	215
25. Library science	10	0	10	60	10	50
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	105	70	30
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	575	535	35	9,920	9,220	700
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	10	110	75	35
14. Engineering	45	35	15	1,640	1,340	305
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	85	80	0	2,705	2,455	250
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	130	130	0	2,420	2,395	25
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	230	220	10	1,765	1,715	50
48. Precision production	80	75	0	1,280	1,245	30
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	90	65	25	415	235	175
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	15	10	0	285	165	120
03. Natural resources and conservation	80	50	30	130	70	60
Health and related fields	285	70	215	5,625	895	4,735
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	25	25	0	450	195	255
51. Health professions and related programs	235	35	205	5,105	640	4,460
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	15	10	10	75	55	15
Personal, protective and transportation services	110	60	50	2,450	1,190	1,255
12. Personal and culinary services	60	15	40	1,345	290	1,055
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	30	25	0	720	530	190
49. Transportation and materials moving	20	20	0	375	365	10
Other	0	0	0	10	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	3,310	1,665	1,645	36,845	18,020	18,825
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	1,495	825	670	13,530	6,510	7,020
Education	200	30	160	1,130	310	825
13. Education	200	30	165	1,130	310	825
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	35	15	20	500	185	315
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	0	10	105	65	40
50. Visual and performing arts	25	15	15	395	120	275
Humanities	45	10	40	955	355	600
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	50	0	45
23. English language and literature/letters	15	0	10	220	35	185
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	15	0	10	315	130	190
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	10	35	20	20
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	10	0	115	80	40
54. History	0	0	10	175	90	85
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	45	0	45
Social and behavioural sciences and law	170	65	100	2,265	550	1,720
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	15	10	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	25	10	15	190	70	120
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	55	0	45	715	60	660
22. Legal professions and studies	10	10	0	295	100	195
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	40	0	30
42. Psychology	40	0	30	370	50	320
45. Social sciences	40	30	10	645	255	390
Business, management and public administration	405	85	325	3,810	1,115	2,695
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	55	0	50	600	90	510
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	355	90	270	3,205	1,030	2,175
Physical and life sciences and technologies	10	0	10	735	380	360
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0	0	230	80	150
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	10	0	110	60	50
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	10	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	195	110	85
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	190	125	65
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	45	10	40	710	490	220
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	35	10	30	575	415	160
25. Library science	10	0	10	45	10	30
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	80	55	20
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	490	455	40	7,025	6,415	610
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	10	95	60	30
14. Engineering	40	30	10	1,130	865	265
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	75	70	0	1,915	1,690	225
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	95	100	0	1,730	1,710	20
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	205	195	10	1,280	1,240	45
48. Precision production	65	65	0	875	845	25
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	85	60	30	310	170	140
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	10	10	0	210	115	90
03. Natural resources and conservation	75	50	25	100	55	50
Health and related fields	230	50	175	4,060	665	3,395
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	25	20	10	355	135	220
51. Health professions and related programs	195	25	165	3,655	495	3,160
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	10	10	50	40	15
Personal, protective and transportation services	100	55	45	1,805	885	920
12. Personal and culinary services	55	10	45	985	240	745
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	20	20	0	575	410	165
49. Transportation and materials moving	20	20	0	240	235	10
Other	0	0	0	10	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	10	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	4,500	2,255	2,240	59,750	28,890	30,860
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,430	1,280	1,150	27,355	12,500	14,855
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	2,060	975	1,090	32,395	16,390	16,000
Location of study inside Canada	1,715	825	895	28,860	14,565	14,300
Same as province or territory of residence	1,265	605	660	27,195	13,705	13,490
Different than province or territory of residence	455	215	235	1,670	860	810
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	350	155	195	3,530	1,825	1,705
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	30	20	10	1,185	520	670
Philippines	120	30	85	140	40	100
India	55	35	20	370	195	180
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	20	10	15	635	420	215
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	0	10	55	20	25
France	0	0	0	15	10	0
Other	115	55	60	1,135	615	515
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	3,310	1,670	1,645	36,845	18,015	18,825
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,495	825	670	13,525	6,505	7,020
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	1,815	845	970	23,315	11,510	11,800
Location of study inside Canada	1,505	715	795	21,360	10,655	10,705
Same as province or territory of residence	1,100	525	580	20,215	10,090	10,135
Different than province or territory of residence	405	195	215	1,140	570	575
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	305	125	180	1,960	855	1,095
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	25	15	10	790	310	480
Philippines	120	35	85	70	25	45
India	50	25	25	215	95	125
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	15	0	10	165	80	90
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	10	40	15	25
France	0	0	0	0	10	0
Other	90	45	45	660	330	335
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	4,495	2,255	2,240	59,750	28,885	30,860
In the labour force	3,475	1,865	1,610	34,350	17,995	16,360
Employed	3,200	1,710	1,490	31,195	16,195	14,995
Unemployed	275	160	115	3,155	1,800	1,360
Not in the labour force	1,025	390	630	25,400	10,895	14,505
Participation rate	77.3	82.7	71.9	57.5	62.3	53.0
Employment rate	71.2	75.8	66.5	52.2	56.1	48.6
Unemployment rate	7.9	8.6	7.1	9.2	10.0	8.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	4,495	2,255	2,245	59,750	28,890	30,860
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	855	285	565	24,045	10,245	13,795
Worked	3,645	1,970	1,675	35,705	18,640	17,065
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	1,865	1,120	745	17,425	9,920	7,500
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	1,780	855	930	18,280	8,720	9,560
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.3	43.4	41.0	42.2	42.3	42.1
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	3,475	1,870	1,610	34,350	17,995	16,355
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	45	15	35	985	495	490
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	3,430	1,855	1,575	33,365	17,500	15,870
Employee	3,075	1,620	1,455	30,670	15,955	14,715
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	355	230	125	2,700	1,545	1,160
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	3,470	1,865	1,605	34,355	17,995	16,360
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	45	15	35	980	495	490
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	3,425	1,855	1,575	33,370	17,495	15,870
0 Management occupations	340	200	135	2,800	1,645	1,155
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	480	155	325	3,950	1,095	2,855
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	140	110	25	2,575	2,055	520
3 Health occupations	155	35	125	2,545	400	2,145
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	425	95	340	3,375	1,070	2,310
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	45	25	20	560	220	335
6 Sales and service occupations	775	280	500	9,740	3,935	5,810
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	675	630	45	5,585	5,210	380
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	200	175	25	480	385	100
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	200	155	40	1,750	1,490	265
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	3,475	1,865	1,610	34,350	17,995	16,355
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	50	15	35	980	495	490
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	3,425	1,855	1,575	33,370	17,500	15,870
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	95	80	15	255	145	115
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	250	200	50	425	345	75
22 Utilities	50	40	15	310	260	45
23 Construction	235	195	40	2,845	2,560	285
31-33 Manufacturing	355	265	90	3,570	2,780	790
41 Wholesale trade	75	45	30	1,240	975	265
44-45 Retail trade	430	175	255	4,460	1,915	2,540
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	205	165	35	1,265	910	355
51 Information and cultural industries	35	35	0	325	140	185
52 Finance and insurance	35	0	35	815	275	540
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	35	10	20	470	255	215
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	125	90	35	1,890	1,120	765
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	30	10	25
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	105	55	50	2,075	1,240	840
61 Educational services	285	55	230	2,145	665	1,485
62 Health care and social assistance	330	40	290	4,305	650	3,660
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	30	15	15	785	375	410
72 Accommodation and food services	355	140	220	3,170	1,205	1,965
81 Other services (except public administration)	220	165	55	1,730	945	785
91 Public administration	175	85	95	1,270	740	535
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	3,200	1,705	1,490	31,195	16,195	15,000
Worked at home	150	45	105	1,360	590	775
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	285	150	135
No fixed workplace address	490	370	120	3,055	2,255	800
Worked at usual place	2,560	1,295	1,270	26,490	13,210	13,280
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	2,555	1,290	1,270	26,490	13,205	13,280
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	2,130	1,115	1,020	20,200	9,440	10,760
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	385	165	220	5,065	3,005	2,065
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	40	15	25	1,120	700	420
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	100	65	35
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	3,050	1,665	1,385	29,545	15,460	14,085
Car, truck, van - as a driver	2,550	1,460	1,090	24,500	12,975	11,520
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	210	75	135	2,095	965	1,130
Public transit	10	0	0	995	445	550
Walked	240	85	155	1,260	610	650
Bicycle	40	35	0	410	310	100
Other method	10	0	10	280	145	135
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	3,050	1,660	1,390	29,545	15,460	14,085
Less than 15 minutes	2,195	1,040	1,160	16,275	7,480	8,795
15 to 29 minutes	535	360	180	10,060	5,985	4,070
30 to 44 minutes	140	115	25	1,985	1,220	765
45 to 59 minutes	45	35	10	480	280	200
60 minutes and over	125	110	15	745	495	255
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	3,050	1,665	1,385	29,545	15,460	14,085
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	180	155	25	1,745	1,240	505
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	550	425	125	5,395	3,700	1,700
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	930	510	425	7,925	4,520	3,405
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	760	305	450	5,850	2,145	3,705
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	180	90	95	3,210	1,050	2,165
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	455	185	265	5,415	2,805	2,610
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	3,745	2,005	1,745	36,840	19,195	17,645
Single responses	3,730	2,000	1,730	36,715	19,145	17,580
Official languages	3,720	2,000	1,720	36,670	19,125	17,550
English	3,715	2,000	1,720	36,465	19,065	17,405
French	0	0	0	210	60	150
Non-official languages	10	0	10	50	20	25
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	10	0	0	50	20	30
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	10	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	0	10	15	10	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	10
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	15	0	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	10	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	10	0	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	15	10	10	120	55	70
English and French	10	0	0	80	35	45
English and non-official language	10	0	10	40	15	25
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	3,745	2,000	1,745	36,835	19,190	17,645
None	3,685	1,975	1,710	36,055	18,890	17,160
English	10	0	0	115	20	95
French	10	0	10	440	210	235
Non-official language	40	20	20	205	70	135
Aboriginal	10	0	0	15	0	15
Non-Aboriginal	30	15	15	190	70	120
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	25	0	20
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	5,850	2,910	2,935	69,685	33,865	35,820
Non-movers	4,855	2,425	2,435	60,645	29,590	31,060
Movers	995	490	505	9,040	4,280	4,765
Non-migrants	605	325	285	6,220	2,910	3,315
Migrants	390	165	220	2,820	1,370	1,445
Internal migrants	290	120	175	2,450	1,175	1,280
Intraprovincial migrants	255	100	155	2,075	1,005	1,075
Interprovincial migrants	35	15	20	375	170	205
External migrants	95	50	50	365	200	165
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	5,460	2,710	2,750	66,990	32,510	34,475
Non-movers	2,815	1,445	1,375	42,470	20,750	21,725
Movers	2,640	1,265	1,375	24,520	11,760	12,760
Non-migrants	1,370	685	685	16,030	7,540	8,495
Migrants	1,275	580	690	8,485	4,220	4,265
Internal migrants	995	470	525	7,280	3,580	3,705
Intraprovincial migrants	690	300	395	6,265	3,070	3,190
Interprovincial migrants	300	170	130	1,015	510	510
External migrants	280	110	170	1,205	645	560

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Slave Lake [Population centre], Alberta and Sarnia, CY [Census subdivision], Ontario (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 7, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Slave Lake [Population centre], Alberta and Sarnia, City [Census subdivision], Ontario

Census Profile, 2016 Census Slave Lake [Population centre], Alberta and Sarnia, City [Census subdivision], Ontario

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Slave Lake [Population centre], Alberta and Sarnia, City [Census subdivision], Ontario