Census Profile, 2016 Census
Smithers [Population centre], British Columbia and Nelson [Census agglomeration], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Smithers British Columbia [Population centre]			Nelson British Columbia [Census agglomeration]
	Data quality , Smithers [Population centre], British Columbia Map : Smithers [Population centre], British Columbia Change geography 1			Data quality : Nelson [Census agglomeration], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	5,351	...	...	18,307	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	5,400 ^r	...	...	17,987^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-0.9	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	2,370	...	...	9,163	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	2,273	...	...	8,265	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	514.9	...	...	14.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	10.39	...	...	1,224.94	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	5,350	2,605	2,745	18,305	8,930	9,375
0 to 14 years	965	475	490	2,700	1,395	1,305
0 to 4 years	295	135	165	780	385	390
5 to 9 years	335	175	160	965	495	470
10 to 14 years	330	170	170	955	515	440
15 to 64 years	3,535	1,765	1,770	12,035	5,840	6,190
15 to 19 years	365	190	175	995	495	505
20 to 24 years	355	195	155	870	445	420
25 to 29 years	340	175	165	915	450	465
30 to 34 years	350	160	190	1,130	540	590
35 to 39 years	350	165	180	1,245	605	640
40 to 44 years	365	185	185	1,350	690	665
45 to 49 years	345	170	175	1,235	585	650
50 to 54 years	380	185	200	1,305	595	710
55 to 59 years	375	190	185	1,495	705	790
60 to 64 years	310	150	160	1,495	730	760
65 years and over	845	365	480	3,570	1,695	1,880
65 to 69 years	230	110	120	1,355	700	655
70 to 74 years	215	85	130	830	400	430
75 to 79 years	145	65	75	505	230	275
80 to 84 years	115	50	65	400	190	210
85 years and over	140	50	90	485	175	310
85 to 89 years	90	30	55	300	115	185
90 to 94 years	45	15	25	140	45	95
95 to 99 years	10	5	5	40	15	25
100 years and over	5	0	0	0	0	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	18.0	18.2	17.9	14.8	15.6	13.9
15 to 64 years	66.1	67.8	64.5	65.7	65.4	66.0
65 years and over	15.8	14.0	17.5	19.5	19.0	20.1
85 years and over	2.6	1.9	3.3	2.6	2.0	3.3
Average age of the population	39.8	38.8	40.8	43.6	42.8	44.3
Median age of the population	39.3	38.4	40.2	44.8	44.1	45.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	2,270	...	...	8,265	...	...
Single-detached house	1,495	...	...	5,335	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	5	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	655	...	...	2,500	...	...
Semi-detached house	120	...	...	310	...	...
Row house	95	...	...	265	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	30	...	...	775	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	390	...	...	1,035	...	...
Other single-attached house	25	...	...	120	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	120	...	...	430	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	2,270	...	...	8,265	...	...
1 person	760	...	...	2,745	...	...
2 persons	745	...	...	3,040	...	...
3 persons	320	...	...	1,225	...	...
4 persons	285	...	...	935	...	...
5 or more persons	160	...	...	320	...	...
Number of persons in private households	5,240	...	...	17,955	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	4,385	2,130	2,255	15,615	7,535	8,075
Married or living common law	2,455	1,225	1,230	8,650	4,295	4,355
Married	1,980	990	995	6,565	3,265	3,300
Living common law	470	235	240	2,085	1,035	1,055
Not married and not living common law	1,930	905	1,020	6,965	3,240	3,720
Never married	1,185	680	510	4,305	2,315	1,995
Separated	145	60	85	540	220	320
Divorced	305	120	185	1,250	520	725
Widowed	290	55	240	865	190	675
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	1,435	...	...	5,130	...	...
2 persons	740	...	...	2,945	...	...
3 persons	285	...	...	1,120	...	...
4 persons	280	...	...	850	...	...
5 or more persons	135	...	...	210	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	1,435	...	...	5,125	...	...
Total couple families	1,210	...	...	4,245	...	...
Married couples	975	...	...	3,200	...	...
Common-law couples	235	...	...	1,045	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	230	...	...	880	...	...
Female parent	175	...	...	650	...	...
Male parent	50	...	...	235	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	1,205	...	...	4,245	...	...
Couples without children	615	...	...	2,400	...	...
Couples with children	595	...	...	1,840	...	...
1 child	215	...	...	830	...	...
2 children	245	...	...	810	...	...
3 or more children	125	...	...	200	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	230	...	...	885	...	...
1 child	125	...	...	550	...	...
2 children	65	...	...	285	...	...
3 or more children	35	...	...	50	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,075	515	560	4,195	2,025	2,165
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	2,270	...	...	8,265	...	...
One-census-family households	1,410	...	...	5,010	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	600	...	...	2,340	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	800	...	...	2,670	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	15	...	...	60	...	...
Non-census-family households	855	...	...	3,200	...	...
One-person households	760	...	...	2,740	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	90	...	...	455	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	5,265	2,575	2,695	18,145	8,870	9,280
English only	4,890	2,400	2,490	16,150	8,015	8,135
French only	5	0	5	10	0	5
English and French	360	165	190	1,960	840	1,120
Neither English nor French	15	0	10	30	10	20
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	5,265	2,570	2,690	18,145	8,870	9,275
English	5,185	2,530	2,650	17,655	8,640	9,015
French	65	35	25	415	190	225
English and French	5	0	5	50	25	25
Neither English nor French	15	5	10	30	10	20
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	65	35	30	435	200	240
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.2	1.4	1.1	2.4	2.3	2.6
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	5,265	2,575	2,695	18,145	8,865	9,275
Single responses	5,205	2,540	2,660	17,920	8,765	9,160
Official languages	4,670	2,320	2,350	16,505	8,105	8,400
English	4,605	2,285	2,315	16,075	7,910	8,165
French	70	35	30	430	190	235
Non-official languages	535	220	315	1,415	655	760
Aboriginal languages	20	10	15	5	5	5
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	20	5	10	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	10	5	10	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	5	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	5	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	510	215	300	1,410	660	755
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	10	20	15	5	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	25	10	15	10	5	10
Amharic	0	0	5	0	0	0
Arabic	20	10	15	0	5	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	5	5
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	5	0	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	10	20	5	5	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Vietnamese	25	10	20	5	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	55	25	35	45	15	25
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	5	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	5
Ilocano	0	0	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	45	20	25	40	20	20
Waray-Waray	0	5	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Dravidian languages	5	0	0	25	15	10
Kannada	0	0	0	5	5	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	10	5
Tamil	0	0	0	5	0	0
Telugu	5	5	0	5	5	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	340	140	200	1,140	540	595
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	35	15	20	335	160	175
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Latvian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Slavic languages	35	15	20	325	155	170
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	5	0	5	15	10	5
Czech	5	0	0	30	15	15
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	0	5	30	20	20
Russian	0	0	5	190	85	105
Serbian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	10	5	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	0	5	5	0
Ukrainian	5	5	5	30	15	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	5	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	230	95	135	500	240	265
Afrikaans	5	5	5	15	5	5
Danish	5	0	0	10	5	0
Dutch	100	40	55	120	60	60
Frisian	5	0	0	5	0	5
German	105	45	65	335	160	180
Icelandic	0	0	0	5	5	0
Norwegian	5	0	0	5	5	0
Swedish	10	5	0	15	5	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	0	0	10	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	10	5	5	70	35	35
Indo-Aryan languages	15	5	5	60	30	30
Bengali	0	0	0	5	5	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	5	5	0
Hindi	5	5	0	10	5	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	5	5	5
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	0	5	40	20	20
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	5	5	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages	65	25	40	220	105	115
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	30	15	20	115	55	60
Portuguese	15	5	10	45	20	20
Romanian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Spanish	15	5	5	50	20	30
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	5	5	40	20	20
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	0	10	0	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	15	5	5	5	0	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	5
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	15	5	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	5
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	0	0	0	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	5	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	5	15	90	35	55
Chinese languages	20	5	15	90	40	55
Cantonese	5	0	0	50	20	30
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	5	5	30	10	20
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	0	10	5	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	5	5	5	5
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	0	35	15	25
Estonian	0	5	0	5	0	5
Finnish	5	5	5	15	10	10
Hungarian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	60	30	30	225	105	120
English and French	15	10	5	85	45	40
English and non-official language	45	20	20	125	55	70
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	5	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	5
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	5,265	2,575	2,695	18,145	8,865	9,275
Single responses	5,160	2,535	2,625	17,855	8,745	9,110
Official languages	5,015	2,475	2,545	17,570	8,620	8,950
English	4,985	2,455	2,535	17,395	8,545	8,850
French	30	15	10	170	75	100
Non-official languages	140	60	80	290	125	165
Aboriginal languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	5	5	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	5	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	140	60	80	290	120	165
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	15	15	5	5	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	30	10	15	5	5	5
Amharic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	25	15	10	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	5	5
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	5	0	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	5	15	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	5	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	25	15	10	15	5	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	5	10	15	5	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	0	0	5	0	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	5
Telugu	0	5	0	5	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	55	25	35	195	85	110
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	5	40	15	25
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	0	5	40	20	20
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	5	0	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	0	0	10	5	5
Russian	5	0	0	15	5	10
Serbian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	10	5	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	5	0	5	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	20	15	10	80	35	45
Afrikaans	5	5	0	10	5	5
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	5	10	10	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	15	5	10	55	25	30
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	5	0	30	15	15
Indo-Aryan languages	0	5	0	25	15	15
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	25	10	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	25	10	15	55	15	30
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	15	5	5	20	5	10
Portuguese	5	0	5	15	10	10
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	5	0	0	15	5	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	5	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	5
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	5	5	5	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	5	5	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	10	40	15	25
Chinese languages	15	5	10	40	20	25
Cantonese	0	0	0	20	10	15
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	5	0	10	0	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	5	5	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	105	40	70	285	120	170
English and French	10	0	5	55	20	35
English and non-official language	95	35	65	220	95	130
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	5	0
English, French and non-official language	5	0	0	15	0	10
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	5,270	2,575	2,690	18,145	8,865	9,280
None	4,955	2,440	2,520	16,970	8,350	8,625
English	70	40	30	260	105	155
French	60	30	30	305	135	170
Non-official language	180	70	110	585	265	315
Aboriginal	15	5	5	5	5	5
Non-Aboriginal	165	65	100	580	265	315
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	10
French and non-official language	5	0	0	15	10	15
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	4,280	2,085	2,190	15,260	7,400	7,860
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,160	2,040	2,120	14,810	7,195	7,620
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,216	50,926	30,135	32,124	38,357	27,446
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,165	2,040	2,120	14,820	7,205	7,620
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,317	43,211	27,547	29,022	33,617	25,596
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,910	1,945	1,965	13,755	6,745	7,010
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,664	47,488	25,008	28,419	34,377	23,232
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,750	1,130	1,620	11,000	4,925	6,070
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,432	6,566	6,293	6,268	6,791	5,975
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,455	1,765	1,695	11,210	5,555	5,655
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,439	46,880	24,427	25,009	29,976	21,033
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	4,315	2,065	2,250	15,260	7,425	7,835
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,190	2,025	2,165	14,800	7,205	7,600
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,825	55,581	36,712	40,558	46,920	34,526
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,195	2,025	2,170	14,800	7,200	7,595
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,738	45,757	32,192	34,788	39,366	30,448
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,930	1,900	2,035	13,775	6,755	7,020
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,130	54,415	32,586	37,458	44,273	30,906
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,720	1,120	1,605	10,985	4,940	6,045
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,218	8,110	8,294	7,679	7,908	7,491
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,490	1,750	1,745	11,210	5,515	5,695
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,273	51,748	30,800	34,577	40,930	28,429
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	4,315	2,065	2,250	15,260	7,425	7,830
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	1,400	835	565	3,625	2,015	1,605
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	60,771	67,735	43,687	47,284	55,787	41,672
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	64,159	71,799	52,862	54,138	58,900	48,166
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	88.4	92.2	83.0	86.2	88.7	82.9
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	75.4	80.0	68.4	64.4	67.1	60.9
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	11.6	8.0	17.1	13.8	11.2	17.1
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	4,280	2,085	2,185	15,260	7,400	7,860
Without total income	115	50	70	450	205	245
With total income	4,160	2,040	2,120	14,810	7,190	7,620
Percentage with total income	97.2	97.8	97.0	97.1	97.2	96.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	480	205	275	1,865	775	1,090
$10,000 to $19,999	625	230	395	2,765	1,075	1,695
$20,000 to $29,999	580	190	385	2,335	995	1,340
$30,000 to $39,999	530	200	330	1,940	910	1,030
$40,000 to $49,999	420	180	245	1,535	760	770
$50,000 to $59,999	360	195	165	1,170	625	545
$60,000 to $69,999	320	210	110	915	545	370
$70,000 to $79,999	260	185	80	655	395	265
$80,000 to $89,999	185	130	55	475	285	190
$90,000 to $99,999	110	80	30	385	260	130
$100,000 and over	290	230	60	760	555	205
$100,000 to $149,999	235	185	50	550	395	155
$150,000 and over	55	50	10	215	160	55
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	4,275	2,090	2,185	15,260	7,395	7,860
Without after-tax income	110	45	70	440	195	245
With after-tax income	4,160	2,040	2,125	14,820	7,205	7,620
Percentage with after-tax income	97.3	97.6	97.3	97.1	97.4	96.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	495	215	285	1,950	820	1,130
$10,000 to $19,999	685	250	430	2,940	1,175	1,765
$20,000 to $29,999	700	255	440	2,755	1,200	1,555
$30,000 to $39,999	570	215	355	2,165	1,030	1,130
$40,000 to $49,999	510	255	255	1,640	865	775
$50,000 to $59,999	435	295	140	1,175	690	485
$60,000 to $69,999	300	200	105	795	470	330
$70,000 to $79,999	185	135	50	600	380	225
$80,000 and over	290	225	70	800	570	230
$80,000 to $89,999	115	75	35	300	205	90
$90,000 to $99,999	55	40	10	150	110	45
$100,000 and over	120	105	20	355	260	95
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	4,275	2,085	2,190	15,260	7,395	7,865
Without employment income	820	325	495	4,045	1,845	2,205
With employment income	3,460	1,765	1,695	11,210	5,555	5,655
Percentage with employment income	80.9	84.7	77.4	73.5	75.1	71.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	560	260	305	2,085	955	1,130
$5,000 to $9,999	245	95	145	970	400	570
$10,000 to $19,999	445	155	290	1,855	810	1,045
$20,000 to $29,999	385	155	235	1,365	615	755
$30,000 to $39,999	345	140	210	1,200	555	650
$40,000 to $49,999	300	130	170	835	395	440
$50,000 to $59,999	235	130	100	735	380	360
$60,000 to $69,999	255	175	85	595	365	225
$70,000 to $79,999	215	165	50	410	255	160
$80,000 and over	475	375	105	1,150	830	325
$80,000 to $89,999	145	105	40	345	210	130
$90,000 to $99,999	100	75	25	310	220	90
$100,000 and over	230	195	40	505	395	100
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	2,275	...	...	8,265	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	73,984	...	...	59,129	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	64,299	...	...	52,646	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	765	...	...	2,745	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	37,408	...	...	30,308	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,408	...	...	27,349	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	1,510	...	...	5,520	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	93,355	...	...	77,390	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	80,576	...	...	68,699	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	2,285	...	...	8,265	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	84,000	...	...	72,633	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	71,057	...	...	62,299	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	765	...	...	2,740	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	50,011	...	...	39,321	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	42,166	...	...	33,683	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	1,525	...	...	5,530	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	100,998	...	...	89,112	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	85,506	...	...	76,455	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	2,270	...	...	8,265	...	...
Under $5,000	25	...	...	120	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	105	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	55	...	...	340	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	95	...	...	450	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	110	...	...	460	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	85	...	...	405	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	105	...	...	410	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	85	...	...	455	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	70	...	...	400	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	80	...	...	350	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	165	...	...	685	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	180	...	...	645	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	165	...	...	565	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	155	...	...	460	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	160	...	...	380	...	...
$100,000 and over	730	...	...	2,035	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	305	...	...	775	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	175	...	...	535	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	165	...	...	465	...	...
$200,000 and over	85	...	...	270	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	2,275	...	...	8,265	...	...
Under $5,000	25	...	...	125	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...	120	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	60	...	...	355	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	90	...	...	480	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	135	...	...	520	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	105	...	...	490	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	110	...	...	490	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	100	...	...	480	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	105	...	...	465	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	95	...	...	395	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	200	...	...	780	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	205	...	...	690	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	210	...	...	585	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	175	...	...	435	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	145	...	...	420	...	...
$100,000 and over	495	...	...	1,435	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	260	...	...	705	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	130	...	...	375	...	...
$150,000 and over	115	...	...	355	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	1,440	...	...	5,120	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	93,133	...	...	77,261	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	80,421	...	...	68,597	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	590	...	...	2,325	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	86,144	...	...	75,554	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	74,780	...	...	66,577	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	595	...	...	1,850	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	114,995	...	...	103,765	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,048	...	...	89,819	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	220	...	...	860	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,736	...	...	41,408	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,872	...	...	38,976	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.8	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	1,450	...	...	5,145	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	101,229	...	...	88,360	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	85,570	...	...	75,654	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	575	...	...	2,325	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	95,974	...	...	85,307	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	81,188	...	...	73,115	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	605	...	...	1,835	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	126,537	...	...	110,248	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	105,867	...	...	93,098	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	225	...	...	875	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,649	...	...	51,345	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,597	...	...	46,223	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	985	485	500	3,985	1,940	2,050
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	34,464	45,632	30,464	28,077	29,013	26,779
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	31,125	39,136	27,904	25,466	26,313	24,800
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	980	545	440	3,955	1,875	2,075
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	46,248	47,125	45,160	36,801	38,636	35,142
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	39,215	39,564	38,782	31,741	32,658	30,912
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	5,245	2,565	2,680	17,955	8,795	9,165
In the bottom half of the distribution	2,510	1,125	1,385	10,140	4,845	5,295
In the bottom decile	390	190	200	2,400	1,125	1,280
In the second decile	500	175	325	2,230	1,025	1,210
In the third decile	460	215	245	1,915	940	985
In the fourth decile	535	235	300	1,860	925	935
In the fifth decile	620	305	315	1,735	835	900
In the top half of the distribution	2,735	1,435	1,295	7,815	3,950	3,865
In the sixth decile	570	285	280	1,700	830	865
In the seventh decile	630	340	295	1,750	905	845
In the eighth decile	620	325	300	1,605	795	810
In the ninth decile	550	295	250	1,590	800	790
In the top decile	365	195	170	1,175	615	560
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	5,240	2,560	2,680	17,955	8,790	9,160
0 to 17 years	1,185	580	600	3,305	1,690	1,610
0 to 5 years	365	175	190	960	485	480
18 to 64 years	3,285	1,645	1,640	11,345	5,495	5,850
65 years and over	775	335	440	3,310	1,605	1,700
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	635	260	375	3,285	1,515	1,765
0 to 17 years	170	80	90	790	405	390
0 to 5 years	50	20	30	235	105	130
18 to 64 years	345	135	205	2,020	935	1,080
65 years and over	115	40	80	470	175	295
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	12.1	10.2	14.0	18.3	17.2	19.3
0 to 17 years (%)	14.3	13.8	15.0	23.9	24.0	24.2
0 to 5 years (%)	13.7	11.4	15.8	24.5	21.6	27.1
18 to 64 years (%)	10.5	8.2	12.5	17.8	17.0	18.5
65 years and over (%)	14.8	11.9	18.2	14.2	10.9	17.4
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	250	125	125	1,395	685	710
0 to 17 years	60	30	30	265	130	135
0 to 5 years	15	10	10	85	35	50
18 to 64 years	180	95	85	1,060	520	540
65 years and over	10	5	5	70	35	40
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.8	4.9	4.7	7.8	7.8	7.8
0 to 17 years (%)	5.1	5.2	5.0	8.0	7.7	8.4
0 to 5 years (%)	4.1	5.7	5.3	8.9	7.2	10.4
18 to 64 years (%)	5.5	5.8	5.2	9.3	9.5	9.2
65 years and over (%)	1.3	1.5	1.1	2.1	2.2	2.4
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	5,310	2,580	2,735	17,960	8,795	9,165
Official languages	5,295	2,575	2,720	17,940	8,790	9,145
English	5,290	2,575	2,715	17,935	8,785	9,145
French	350	170	185	2,100	905	1,190
Non-official languages	605	290	320	2,395	1,035	1,360
Aboriginal languages	45	25	20	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	35	20	15	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	35	20	15	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	25	20	10	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	565	265	300	2,400	1,035	1,365
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	10	10	50	15	35
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	10	10	50	15	35
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	0	0	10	0	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	0	0	40	15	25
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	10	0	10
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	10	0	0	10	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	0	10	10	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	80	45	30	70	25	45
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	10	0	10	0	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	70	40	25	60	15	40
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	415	180	230	2,035	890	1,140
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	50	30	25	435	175	260
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Slavic languages	50	25	20	430	175	250
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	10	0	10	10	0
Czech	0	10	0	80	55	25
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Polish	20	10	10	50	30	25
Russian	0	0	0	225	65	160
Serbian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	45	15	30
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	20	0	20
Ukrainian	10	10	10	30	20	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	15	0	15
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Germanic languages	235	105	135	640	290	350
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	15	15	10
Dutch	100	40	55	135	65	65
Frisian	10	0	10	0	0	0
German	120	55	65	475	215	260
Icelandic	0	0	0	10	10	10
Norwegian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Swedish	10	10	10	25	0	15
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	10
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	10	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	0	10	40	20	20
Indo-Aryan languages	10	0	10	40	15	25
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	10	0	10	25	15	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	20	10	15
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	10	10	10	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	10	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	120	50	75	1,015	455	560
Catalan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Italian	45	0	40	215	105	110
Portuguese	10	0	0	75	50	25
Romanian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Spanish	70	45	25	755	320	430
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	90	30	60
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	10	0	30	10	20
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	25	10	15
Sino-Tibetan languages	40	15	25	90	45	45
Chinese languages	40	15	25	85	45	40
Cantonese	0	0	0	55	25	30
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	10	30	15	15
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	35	15	15	0	0	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	10
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	20	10	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	10	0	30	10	20
Estonian	10	0	0	10	10	10
Finnish	10	0	10	10	0	10
Hungarian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	5,310	2,580	2,730	17,955	8,790	9,165
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	5,110	2,485	2,630	17,200	8,420	8,780
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,255	605	650	3,240	1,690	1,550
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	3,855	1,880	1,980	13,965	6,735	7,230
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	195	95	105	755	370	385
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	5,315	2,580	2,730	17,955	8,795	9,160
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	4,705	2,345	2,365	15,425	7,590	7,830
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	550	200	350	2,345	1,080	1,260
Before 1981	310	100	210	1,185	565	620
1981 to 1990	50	15	35	245	95	150
1991 to 2000	55	20	40	265	125	140
2001 to 2010	100	55	45	465	225	240
2001 to 2005	45	15	25	170	80	95
2006 to 2010	50	35	15	295	145	150
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	40	10	25	180	75	110
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	55	35	20	190	120	70
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	550	200	350	2,345	1,085	1,260
Under 5 years	110	35	75	335	140	200
5 to 14 years	105	50	60	445	215	235
15 to 24 years	125	40	85	485	220	260
25 to 44 years	160	60	100	940	455	485
45 years and over	50	20	35	135	60	80
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	550	200	350	2,345	1,085	1,265
Americas	115	35	80	705	300	405
Brazil	0	0	0	15	0	10
Colombia	10	0	10	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	10	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	10
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mexico	0	0	0	0	10	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	100	25	75	620	270	345
Other places of birth in Americas	10	10	0	40	15	30
Europe	265	100	165	1,295	620	680
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	15	10	10
France	0	0	0	40	15	25
Germany	60	25	30	150	60	85
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	10	0	0	10	0	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	10	20	10	15
Italy	20	0	20	110	50	50
Netherlands	80	35	40	105	60	50
Poland	15	0	10	25	10	20
Portugal	10	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	10	0	10
Russian Federation	0	10	0	30	0	20
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	10	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	50	10	40	600	300	295
Other places of birth in Europe	20	15	10	180	95	85
Africa	25	0	20	25	10	10
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	10	0	10	10	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	15	0	15	10	10	10
Other places of birth in Africa	10	10	0	10	0	10
Asia	115	45	70	220	95	120
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	35	15	20	30	15	15
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	30	15	20
India	0	10	0	10	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	30	10	20
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	40	10	25	50	15	35
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	15	0	10	60	25	35
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	25	10	10	100	55	45
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	35	10	25	180	75	105
Americas	10	0	0	25	0	20
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	10	0	0	15	0	15
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	10	0	10	45	20	20
France	0	0	0	10	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	0	10	20	10	10
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	10	10	0
Africa	0	0	10	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	15	10	10	90	30	55
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	15	10	0	10	10	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	30	10	25
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	45	15	25
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	10	0	10	10	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	25	15	15
Australia	0	0	0	20	10	15
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	5,310	2,580	2,730	17,960	8,795	9,165
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	640	260	375	2,675	1,275	1,395
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	1,110	540	570	3,790	1,865	1,925
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	3,570	1,780	1,785	11,490	5,650	5,845
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	250	110	140	1,200	535	665
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	85	45	40	640	270	365
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	40	15	20	295	170	120
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	45	30	15	340	95	245
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	140	50	95	470	220	250
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	20	10	10	80	35	40
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	10	0	10	15	10	10
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	5,310	2,580	2,730	17,955	8,790	9,165
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	555	250	310	885	420	465
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	525	225	305	840	400	445
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	430	195	235	370	180	190
Métis	100	30	70	455	205	250
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	25	20	10	30	15	20
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	10	15	10	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	4,755	2,335	2,420	17,075	8,375	8,695
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	5,315	2,580	2,730	17,955	8,790	9,165
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	410	190	220	140	60	80
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	4,905	2,390	2,510	17,820	8,730	9,080
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	5,310	2,580	2,730	17,955	8,790	9,165
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	120	55	60	85	40	45
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	120	55	65	80	40	40
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	115	60	60	50	25	25
Métis single ancestry	0	0	10	30	10	20
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	405	195	215	975	435	540
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	390	190	200	910	405	510
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	310	135	175	535	235	305
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	85	60	25	370	175	205
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	15	0	15	65	35	30
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	0	15	60	35	30
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	4,780	2,330	2,450	16,895	8,315	8,580
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	5,310	2,580	2,730	17,955	8,790	9,165
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	335	165	170	740	330	410
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	25	15	20	110	50	60
Chinese	65	30	40	160	75	90
Black	55	35	20	90	30	55
Filipino	75	45	35	60	15	40
Latin American	15	10	10	85	45	40
Arab	15	0	15	10	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	25	10	10	25	15	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Korean	15	10	10	10	0	0
Japanese	20	10	10	140	55	90
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	10	0	10	45	20	25
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	4,975	2,415	2,565	17,220	8,465	8,755
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	5,315	2,580	2,730	17,955	8,790	9,165
North American Aboriginal origins	530	255	280	1,065	475	580
First Nations (North American Indian)	440	190	250	650	295	360
Inuit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis	105	55	40	470	220	255
Other North American origins	1,695	820	885	4,755	2,350	2,405
Acadian	10	0	10	50	0	45
American	185	65	115	325	125	195
Canadian	1,575	775	800	4,485	2,255	2,225
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	20	15	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	25	20	10
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	4,345	2,105	2,240	15,775	7,735	8,040
British Isles origins	2,850	1,370	1,475	11,065	5,435	5,625
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	10	0	0	10	0	0
English	1,760	770	990	6,825	3,310	3,520
Irish	1,190	585	610	4,195	1,995	2,200
Manx	0	0	0	25	15	10
Scottish	1,290	600	690	5,020	2,460	2,560
Welsh	185	85	95	680	335	340
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	145	75	75	720	390	325
French origins	565	275	290	2,660	1,260	1,395
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	565	275	290	2,660	1,265	1,400
Western European origins (except French origins)	1,880	915	960	4,865	2,395	2,465
Austrian	45	15	25	350	135	215
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	40	25	10	125	55	65
Dutch	905	445	465	1,050	540	510
Flemish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Frisian	30	0	25	10	0	0
German	920	455	460	3,585	1,765	1,815
Luxembourger	0	0	0	15	10	0
Swiss	170	70	100	200	90	110
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	525	205	320	1,885	855	1,030
Danish	80	30	55	380	185	190
Finnish	50	35	15	115	30	90
Icelandic	45	20	30	120	60	55
Norwegian	210	75	135	800	355	445
Swedish	155	60	90	725	320	410
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	30	0	25	40	25	20
Eastern European origins	725	375	345	3,710	1,740	1,970
Bulgarian	10	0	10	10	0	10
Byelorussian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Czech	10	10	0	190	105	85
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	35	0	35
Estonian	15	15	0	15	0	15
Hungarian	85	45	35	295	150	145
Latvian	25	20	10	25	25	10
Lithuanian	25	10	15	70	30	40
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	235	120	115	870	330	540
Romanian	40	30	10	90	45	45
Russian	135	85	55	1,255	575	675
Slovak	0	0	0	70	25	50
Ukrainian	300	130	170	1,210	610	600
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	15	10	10	10	0	0
Southern European origins	350	160	190	1,700	875	830
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Croatian	40	20	20	70	30	45
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	55	25	35
Italian	195	85	110	1,210	655	555
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Maltese	30	15	10	15	10	10
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	25	10	15	95	35	60
Serbian	10	0	0	20	15	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	15	15	0
Slovenian	15	10	10	75	30	40
Spanish	55	25	30	190	95	95
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	40	20	15	30	15	15
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	70	40	25	170	85	85
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	35	20	10	105	45	60
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	30	20	15	55	40	15
Caribbean origins	25	0	15	50	20	30
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	25	10	20	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	10	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	35	15	20
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	10	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	40	15	30	195	105	95
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	25	20	10
Chilean	0	0	0	10	0	10
Colombian	10	0	10	0	10	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	10
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	10
Honduran	10	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	20	10	10	65	45	20
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	15	0	10
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	15	10	15
Salvadorean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	10	0	10	10	10	0
African origins	100	60	35	115	65	55
Central and West African origins	35	30	0	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	35	25	10	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	10	10	0	15	15	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tunisian	10	10	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Southern and East African origins	30	15	15	70	25	45
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	15	10	0	55	20	30
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	30	15	10	35	25	10
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	25	15	15	40	25	10
Asian origins	330	150	180	735	325	415
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	50	10	45	105	50	60
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	15	0	10	50	15	35
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	40	30	10
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	15	0	15	0	0	0
South Asian origins	35	20	15	135	60	75
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	20	15	10	110	50	65
Goan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	10	10	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	10
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	245	120	125	510	220	290
Burmese	0	0	0	15	0	10
Cambodian (Khmer)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	90	30	60	220	100	120
Filipino	85	45	45	65	15	50
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	10	10	0	10	0	0
Japanese	35	30	10	165	75	95
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	10	10	10	10	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	25	0	20
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	10	0	10	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	10
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Oceania origins	60	30	35	185	125	65
Australian	15	10	10	95	60	35
New Zealander	15	10	0	65	45	25
Pacific Islands origins	25	15	15	25	20	0
Fijian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hawaiian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	10	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	2,290	...	...	8,265	...	...
Owner	1,575	...	...	5,820	...	...
Renter	715	...	...	2,445	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	2,285	...	...	8,265	...	...
Condominium	190	...	...	520	...	...
Not condominium	2,100	...	...	7,745	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	2,285	...	...	8,265	...	...
No bedrooms	20	...	...	55	...	...
1 bedroom	275	...	...	1,010	...	...
2 bedrooms	585	...	...	2,400	...	...
3 bedrooms	645	...	...	2,745	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	755	...	...	2,050	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	2,285	...	...	8,265	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	575	...	...	2,155	...	...
5 rooms	335	...	...	1,335	...	...
6 rooms	330	...	...	1,280	...	...
7 rooms	190	...	...	1,035	...	...
8 or more rooms	845	...	...	2,460	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.5	...	...	6.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	2,290	...	...	8,265	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,270	...	...	8,200	...	...
More than 1 person per room	15	...	...	65	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	2,285	...	...	8,265	...	...
Suitable	2,250	...	...	8,070	...	...
Not suitable	35	...	...	195	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	2,290	...	...	8,265	...	...
1960 or before	420	...	...	3,030	...	...
1961 to 1980	870	...	...	2,065	...	...
1981 to 1990	400	...	...	810	...	...
1991 to 2000	355	...	...	1,140	...	...
2001 to 2005	60	...	...	350	...	...
2006 to 2010	110	...	...	500	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	75	...	...	365	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	2,285	...	...	8,265	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	2,130	...	...	7,520	...	...
Major repairs needed	160	...	...	740	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	2,285	...	...	8,265	...	...
1 household maintainer	1,390	...	...	4,875	...	...
2 household maintainers	850	...	...	3,205	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	45	...	...	185	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	2,285	...	...	8,265	...	...
15 to 24 years	120	...	...	205	...	...
25 to 34 years	335	...	...	875	...	...
35 to 44 years	425	...	...	1,535	...	...
45 to 54 years	420	...	...	1,585	...	...
55 to 64 years	415	...	...	1,740	...	...
65 to 74 years	325	...	...	1,485	...	...
75 to 84 years	160	...	...	610	...	...
85 years and over	85	...	...	225	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	2,280	...	...	8,225	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,870	...	...	5,985	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	415	...	...	2,235	...	...
30% to less than 100%	390	...	...	1,965	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,570	...	...	5,795	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	56.4	...	...	51.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	9.2	...	...	19.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	889	...	...	753	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,025	...	...	1,043	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	289,262	...	...	379,094	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	282,295	...	...	414,405	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	715	...	...	2,445	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	7.0	...	...	14.9	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	38.0	...	...	46.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	848	...	...	927	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	896	...	...	960	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	4,320	2,065	2,250	15,260	7,425	7,835
No certificate, diploma or degree	815	350	465	1,715	890	825
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	1,235	590	645	4,130	2,110	2,020
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,265	1,125	1,140	9,415	4,430	4,985
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	525	390	135	1,490	1,105	390
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	240	145	95	605	335	270
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	285	240	40	885	770	115
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	850	290	560	3,535	1,390	2,145
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	140	65	80	455	205	250
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	750	385	370	3,935	1,730	2,205
Bachelor's degree	520	290	235	2,460	1,080	1,380
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	80	30	50	245	110	135
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	145	90	50
Master's degree	145	60	80	950	370	575
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	140	80	60
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	2,780	1,390	1,390	10,145	4,840	5,300
No certificate, diploma or degree	250	135	105	565	320	245
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	770	400	375	2,545	1,370	1,170
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,765	855	910	7,035	3,150	3,880
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	380	290	95	990	680	310
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	160	100	65	435	220	210
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	225	190	30	555	460	100
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	625	205	420	2,760	1,130	1,630
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	110	55	50	340	155	190
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	645	300	345	2,945	1,190	1,755
Bachelor's degree	460	230	230	1,840	765	1,080
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	65	30	40	145	60	85
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	10	110	65	45
Master's degree	120	40	80	750	260	490
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	95	45	50
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	4,320	2,065	2,250	15,260	7,425	7,835
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	2,050	940	1,110	5,845	2,995	2,845
Education	195	45	150	795	255	545
13. Education	195	40	150	795	250	540
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	30	15	20	620	250	370
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	65	50	20
50. Visual and performing arts	20	0	15	550	200	350
Humanities	90	45	45	480	160	325
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	10	10	45	10	40
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	200	75	120
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	20	15	10	90	15	75
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	0	20	10	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	25	15	10	25	15	10
54. History	0	10	0	60	25	40
55. French language and literature/letters	10	0	0	25	0	30
Social and behavioural sciences and law	160	70	90	1,025	345	680
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	10	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	0	15	95	50	45
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	25	0	20	185	15	170
22. Legal professions and studies	20	10	15	90	30	60
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	40	10	30
42. Psychology	20	10	10	200	75	125
45. Social sciences	80	50	30	405	170	235
Business, management and public administration	390	100	285	1,340	425	920
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	0	15	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	30	15	20	185	30	160
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	340	85	255	1,160	395	760
Physical and life sciences and technologies	80	50	30	385	215	165
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	25	15	10	210	110	100
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	10	0	65	35	30
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	40	30	10	105	70	35
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	0	10	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	35	20	15	225	155	70
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	30	20	10	160	115	40
25. Library science	10	0	0	25	0	25
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	40	40	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	510	470	40	1,745	1,605	140
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	80	40	45
14. Engineering	85	70	20	310	275	40
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	75	65	10	340	310	30
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	170	170	0	465	460	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	130	130	0	345	340	0
48. Precision production	45	40	0	205	185	15
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	200	150	50	525	355	175
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	20	20	0	110	75	35
03. Natural resources and conservation	175	130	45	415	275	135
Health and related fields	400	85	320	1,655	355	1,305
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	40	20	20	155	80	75
51. Health professions and related programs	365	60	300	1,490	265	1,225
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	10	10	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	185	80	110	615	310	300
12. Personal and culinary services	120	30	85	440	175	265
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	15	10	0	55	35	20
49. Transportation and materials moving	60	40	15	120	100	20
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	2,780	1,390	1,390	10,145	4,845	5,300
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	1,020	540	480	3,110	1,690	1,420
Education	155	30	125	515	145	370
13. Education	160	35	125	515	140	370
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	25	10	15	500	190	310
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	40	30	15
50. Visual and performing arts	20	10	15	455	160	295
Humanities	75	35	45	330	105	225
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	0	20	0	20
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	15	135	50	85
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	15	10	0	85	15	70
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	0	15	10	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	15	10	0	10	0
54. History	0	10	0	55	25	30
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	10	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	150	60	90	785	245	540
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	10	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	0	10	80	45	35
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	25	0	25	145	15	135
22. Legal professions and studies	20	0	15	85	30	60
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	35	10	25
42. Psychology	20	10	10	125	35	95
45. Social sciences	70	40	25	310	115	195
Business, management and public administration	290	75	215	1,000	340	660
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	35	15	20	140	10	130
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	260	55	200	860	325	535
Physical and life sciences and technologies	60	30	30	250	125	125
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	20	0	15	145	70	75
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	0	35	10	20
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	30	20	10	70	40	30
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	10	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	30	20	15	200	135	65
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	25	20	0	150	115	35
25. Library science	10	0	10	20	0	20
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	25	20	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	375	350	25	1,200	1,070	130
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	0	65	20	50
14. Engineering	65	45	15	240	205	40
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	55	55	10	260	235	25
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	10
46. Construction trades	125	125	0	310	305	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	105	100	0	200	190	0
48. Precision production	25	30	0	125	115	15
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	175	125	50	435	270	165
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	10	0	0	100	65	35
03. Natural resources and conservation	165	120	45	340	205	135
Health and related fields	295	65	230	1,325	275	1,055
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	30	20	15	125	65	60
51. Health professions and related programs	260	45	215	1,190	205	985
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	10	10	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	125	55	70	500	260	240
12. Personal and culinary services	90	25	60	360	155	205
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	0	0
43. Security and protective services	10	0	10	45	30	15
49. Transportation and materials moving	30	20	10	90	80	15
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	4,315	2,065	2,250	15,260	7,425	7,830
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,050	940	1,105	5,840	2,995	2,845
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	2,265	1,125	1,140	9,420	4,435	4,985
Location of study inside Canada	2,025	1,010	1,020	8,000	3,700	4,295
Same as province or territory of residence	1,515	755	760	5,070	2,300	2,770
Different than province or territory of residence	510	250	260	2,930	1,405	1,525
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	235	115	120	1,420	730	690
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	60	20	35	610	305	305
Philippines	50	40	10	20	0	15
India	0	0	0	15	10	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	20	10	15	295	175	125
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	10	0	10
France	0	0	0	15	10	10
Other	105	45	60	460	230	230
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	2,775	1,390	1,390	10,145	4,840	5,300
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,015	540	480	3,110	1,685	1,420
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	1,765	855	910	7,035	3,150	3,880
Location of study inside Canada	1,615	775	835	6,060	2,690	3,370
Same as province or territory of residence	1,190	570	620	3,830	1,675	2,150
Different than province or territory of residence	430	205	215	2,230	1,010	1,225
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	150	80	75	970	460	510
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	45	20	25	365	160	205
Philippines	30	30	10	20	10	10
India	0	0	0	15	10	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	10	0	0	195	105	95
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	10	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other	65	25	45	355	180	180
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	4,315	2,065	2,250	15,260	7,430	7,835
In the labour force	2,995	1,570	1,425	9,905	5,005	4,900
Employed	2,735	1,385	1,345	9,040	4,545	4,500
Unemployed	260	180	80	865	465	395
Not in the labour force	1,325	500	825	5,355	2,420	2,930
Participation rate	69.4	76.0	63.3	64.9	67.4	62.5
Employment rate	63.4	67.1	59.8	59.2	61.2	57.4
Unemployment rate	8.7	11.5	5.6	8.7	9.3	8.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	4,320	2,065	2,250	15,260	7,430	7,835
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	1,130	410	720	4,700	2,070	2,635
Worked	3,185	1,655	1,530	10,555	5,360	5,200
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	1,415	845	570	3,750	2,110	1,635
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	1,770	810	965	6,810	3,245	3,565
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.8	41.7	39.8	39.5	39.5	39.5
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	2,990	1,570	1,425	9,905	5,010	4,900
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	35	30	0	165	75	90
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	2,955	1,535	1,420	9,735	4,935	4,805
Employee	2,635	1,370	1,270	7,715	3,745	3,970
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	325	165	155	2,025	1,190	835
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	2,995	1,565	1,425	9,905	5,005	4,900
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	40	35	10	165	75	90
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	2,955	1,535	1,420	9,740	4,930	4,805
0 Management occupations	280	165	115	1,040	665	375
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	365	85	280	1,135	285	850
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	365	265	95	795	610	185
3 Health occupations	190	35	155	935	195	740
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	325	85	240	1,280	400	885
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	55	20	35	500	215	290
6 Sales and service occupations	750	325	425	2,210	900	1,310
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	415	380	40	1,305	1,260	50
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	115	100	15	340	265	70
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	95	75	15	200	145	55
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	2,990	1,565	1,425	9,905	5,005	4,900
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	35	30	10	170	75	90
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	2,955	1,535	1,420	9,740	4,935	4,810
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	125	85	35	300	215	85
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	130	90	40	75	70	10
22 Utilities	0	10	0	60	60	10
23 Construction	180	150	30	915	840	80
31-33 Manufacturing	150	120	35	470	350	125
41 Wholesale trade	110	85	25	150	115	30
44-45 Retail trade	400	200	200	1,230	575	655
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	220	150	70	240	175	65
51 Information and cultural industries	20	15	10	135	85	50
52 Finance and insurance	40	15	25	220	60	160
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	35	25	15	160	85	70
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	230	120	110	905	515	390
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	10	10	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	60	30	35	375	200	175
61 Educational services	200	50	145	820	225	595
62 Health care and social assistance	310	25	290	1,435	300	1,135
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	55	30	25	315	180	135
72 Accommodation and food services	335	140	200	870	395	470
81 Other services (except public administration)	105	55	50	495	195	300
91 Public administration	235	145	90	555	290	260
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	2,735	1,390	1,345	9,045	4,540	4,500
Worked at home	140	40	100	1,115	515	595
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	30	15	15
No fixed workplace address	275	210	65	1,335	1,055	285
Worked at usual place	2,325	1,135	1,185	6,555	2,955	3,605
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	2,320	1,135	1,185	6,560	2,950	3,605
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,715	790	925	3,510	1,430	2,080
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	480	260	220	2,795	1,355	1,435
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	100	60	40	185	110	65
Commute to a different province or territory	30	25	10	75	55	25
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	2,595	1,345	1,250	7,895	4,010	3,890
Car, truck, van - as a driver	1,735	935	800	5,525	2,845	2,680
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	160	45	110	470	220	245
Public transit	35	25	15	130	45	85
Walked	460	215	245	1,305	610	695
Bicycle	145	100	45	285	170	115
Other method	60	25	35	190	115	65
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	2,595	1,345	1,250	7,900	4,010	3,890
Less than 15 minutes	2,045	995	1,045	3,870	1,710	2,165
15 to 29 minutes	305	160	145	2,305	1,305	1,000
30 to 44 minutes	40	25	20	920	500	425
45 to 59 minutes	80	70	15	380	240	135
60 minutes and over	125	100	30	415	245	170
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	2,595	1,345	1,250	7,900	4,005	3,885
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	135	90	45	355	280	75
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	380	245	135	1,185	675	515
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	685	400	285	2,060	1,105	955
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	720	305	415	2,205	970	1,235
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	265	105	160	1,095	410	685
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	405	195	205	1,005	575	425
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	3,325	1,700	1,625	10,950	5,505	5,440
Single responses	3,320	1,700	1,625	10,915	5,495	5,420
Official languages	3,315	1,690	1,620	10,880	5,480	5,405
English	3,305	1,690	1,610	10,825	5,460	5,360
French	10	0	10	55	15	40
Non-official languages	10	10	0	30	20	10
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	15	0	0	30	15	15
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	10	25	10	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	20	10	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	10	10	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	10	0	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	0	10	10	0
Chinese languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	35	10	25
English and French	0	0	0	20	0	15
English and non-official language	0	0	0	15	10	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	3,325	1,695	1,625	10,945	5,510	5,440
None	3,255	1,650	1,605	10,605	5,345	5,260
English	10	0	10	60	25	35
French	10	0	0	190	90	100
Non-official language	50	40	10	85	40	40
Aboriginal	0	0	0	10	10	0
Non-Aboriginal	50	40	10	75	30	40
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	10	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	5,250	2,565	2,685	17,815	8,730	9,085
Non-movers	4,460	2,190	2,270	15,205	7,525	7,685
Movers	790	375	415	2,605	1,205	1,400
Non-migrants	455	220	235	1,355	655	700
Migrants	335	150	180	1,250	550	700
Internal migrants	335	150	180	1,080	470	615
Intraprovincial migrants	260	125	135	735	340	390
Interprovincial migrants	70	30	40	350	130	220
External migrants	0	0	0	170	80	90
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	5,000	2,435	2,565	17,210	8,445	8,760
Non-movers	2,950	1,440	1,510	10,260	5,065	5,190
Movers	2,045	995	1,050	6,950	3,380	3,570
Non-migrants	1,180	555	620	3,355	1,665	1,685
Migrants	860	435	425	3,600	1,715	1,880
Internal migrants	770	365	405	3,205	1,515	1,690
Intraprovincial migrants	630	305	330	2,065	990	1,070
Interprovincial migrants	135	65	75	1,140	525	615
External migrants	95	70	25	395	205	190

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Smithers [Population centre], British Columbia and Nelson [Census agglomeration], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 2, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Smithers [Population centre], British Columbia and Nelson [Census agglomeration], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Smithers [Population centre], British Columbia and Nelson [Census agglomeration], British Columbia

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Smithers [Population centre], British Columbia and Nelson [Census agglomeration], British Columbia