Census Profile, 2016 Census
Spruce Grove [Population centre], Alberta and Enderby [Population centre], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Spruce Grove Alberta [Population centre]			Enderby British Columbia [Population centre]
	Data quality , Spruce Grove [Population centre], Alberta Map : Spruce Grove [Population centre], Alberta Change geography 1			Data quality : Enderby [Population centre], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	36,135	...	...	2,964	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	27,970 ^r	...	...	2,932	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	29.2	...	...	1.1	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	14,015	...	...	1,443	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	13,416	...	...	1,391	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,242.0	...	...	695.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	29.09	...	...	4.26	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	36,135	17,955	18,185	2,965	1,430	1,535
0 to 14 years	8,065	4,105	3,960	435	235	195
0 to 4 years	2,885	1,455	1,430	160	90	70
5 to 9 years	2,800	1,430	1,370	170	100	65
10 to 14 years	2,375	1,220	1,160	105	45	60
15 to 64 years	24,250	12,090	12,160	1,670	800	870
15 to 19 years	2,100	1,105	995	125	55	70
20 to 24 years	2,375	1,215	1,165	95	50	40
25 to 29 years	2,765	1,350	1,415	155	80	75
30 to 34 years	3,225	1,585	1,645	170	80	85
35 to 39 years	2,915	1,460	1,455	120	60	55
40 to 44 years	2,600	1,345	1,260	135	70	65
45 to 49 years	2,255	1,135	1,120	140	65	75
50 to 54 years	2,250	1,080	1,170	205	90	115
55 to 59 years	2,000	970	1,035	275	115	160
60 to 64 years	1,750	850	900	260	130	135
65 years and over	3,820	1,755	2,060	855	390	470
65 to 69 years	1,505	690	810	240	110	130
70 to 74 years	990	480	515	210	95	120
75 to 79 years	640	310	330	180	85	95
80 to 84 years	415	180	235	115	55	60
85 years and over	270	95	170	115	55	65
85 to 89 years	180	70	110	70	35	35
90 to 94 years	65	20	45	30	15	20
95 to 99 years	20	0	15	10	5	5
100 years and over	5	0	5	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	22.3	22.9	21.8	14.7	16.4	12.7
15 to 64 years	67.1	67.3	66.9	56.3	55.9	56.7
65 years and over	10.6	9.8	11.3	28.8	27.3	30.6
85 years and over	0.7	0.5	0.9	3.9	3.8	4.2
Average age of the population	35.4	34.8	36.0	47.7	46.0	49.3
Median age of the population	34.3	33.8	34.7	53.3	50.4	54.7
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	13,415	...	...	1,390	...	...
Single-detached house	8,470	...	...	860	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	70	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	4,020	...	...	510	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,445	...	...	115	...	...
Row house	725	...	...	150	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	50	...	...	45	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,800	...	...	180	...	...
Other single-attached house	10	...	...	10	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	850	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	13,420	...	...	1,390	...	...
1 person	2,655	...	...	495	...	...
2 persons	4,730	...	...	550	...	...
3 persons	2,350	...	...	150	...	...
4 persons	2,355	...	...	120	...	...
5 or more persons	1,325	...	...	75	...	...
Number of persons in private households	35,830	...	...	2,930	...	...
Average household size	2.7	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	28,070	13,845	14,225	2,525	1,190	1,340
Married or living common law	17,835	8,905	8,925	1,495	745	740
Married	14,450	7,220	7,235	1,205	605	600
Living common law	3,385	1,690	1,695	280	145	140
Not married and not living common law	10,235	4,940	5,295	1,040	440	595
Never married	6,630	3,705	2,930	475	265	210
Separated	785	315	470	105	40	65
Divorced	1,805	725	1,075	220	85	140
Widowed	1,015	195	820	230	50	180
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	10,420	...	...	870	...	...
2 persons	4,950	...	...	565	...	...
3 persons	2,205	...	...	150	...	...
4 persons	2,250	...	...	110	...	...
5 or more persons	1,010	...	...	45	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	10,420	...	...	870	...	...
Total couple families	8,800	...	...	735	...	...
Married couples	7,110	...	...	590	...	...
Common-law couples	1,690	...	...	140	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,620	...	...	135	...	...
Female parent	1,240	...	...	105	...	...
Male parent	380	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	8,800	...	...	735	...	...
Couples without children	4,040	...	...	480	...	...
Couples with children	4,765	...	...	260	...	...
1 child	1,690	...	...	115	...	...
2 children	2,110	...	...	95	...	...
3 or more children	965	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,625	...	...	135	...	...
1 child	915	...	...	85	...	...
2 children	520	...	...	30	...	...
3 or more children	185	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	4,910	2,510	2,400	665	275	385
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	13,415	...	...	1,390	...	...
One-census-family households	9,935	...	...	830	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	3,855	...	...	460	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	6,080	...	...	375	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	245	...	...	20	...	...
Non-census-family households	3,240	...	...	540	...	...
One-person households	2,655	...	...	495	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	585	...	...	45	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	35,905	17,870	18,040	2,935	1,420	1,515
English only	33,730	16,890	16,835	2,835	1,370	1,470
French only	10	0	5	0	0	0
English and French	2,115	955	1,165	95	45	50
Neither English nor French	50	20	30	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	35,905	17,870	18,035	2,935	1,420	1,515
English	35,145	17,475	17,670	2,900	1,405	1,500
French	665	345	315	35	15	15
English and French	55	30	25	5	0	0
Neither English nor French	40	15	25	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	690	360	330	35	20	15
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.9	2.0	1.8	1.2	1.4	1.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	35,905	17,865	18,040	2,935	1,420	1,515
Single responses	35,525	17,685	17,835	2,920	1,410	1,505
Official languages	33,240	16,620	16,615	2,740	1,330	1,415
English	32,500	16,230	16,265	2,705	1,310	1,395
French	735	385	350	40	20	20
Non-official languages	2,285	1,060	1,220	175	85	95
Aboriginal languages	55	20	35	0	5	0
Algonquian languages	45	15	25	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	5	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	40	15	25	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	10	0	10	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Woods Cree	10	5	5	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	15	5	10	0	0	5
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	5	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,230	1,040	1,190	170	80	95
Afro-Asiatic languages	45	25	20	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	45	25	20	0	0	0
Amharic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Arabic	35	25	15	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	10	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	610	265	345	5	0	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	25	10	20	0	0	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	20	10	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	35	10	25	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	0	5	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	510	230	285	0	0	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tamil	10	0	10	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,320	635	680	140	65	75
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	370	165	205	35	15	15
Baltic languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	365	165	205	30	15	15
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	10	5	5	0	5
Czech	15	5	10	5	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	75	30	50	5	0	0
Russian	65	25	40	5	0	0
Serbian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	20	5	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	155	70	85	20	10	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	5	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	490	225	260	90	40	45
Afrikaans	15	10	10	0	0	0
Danish	30	10	15	5	0	0
Dutch	105	55	55	15	10	5
Frisian	5	0	0	0	0	0
German	320	150	175	60	25	35
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	10	0	5	10	0	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	20	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	180	95	85	5	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	160	85	80	5	0	5
Bengali	15	10	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	15	5	5	0	0	0
Hindi	25	15	15	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	5	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	5	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	60	30	35	0	0	0
Sindhi	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Urdu	30	15	15	5	0	5
Iranian languages	20	10	5	5	0	0
Kurdish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	5	0	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	15	5	5	5	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	255	135	115	10	5	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	30	15	15	5	0	0
Portuguese	30	15	15	0	0	0
Romanian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Spanish	175	90	85	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	5	10	0	5	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	20	10	10	5	5	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	45	25	15	5	0	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	5	5	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	5	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	5	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	5	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	5	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	5	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	10	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	5	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	5	10	0	0	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	60	25	40	10	5	5
Chinese languages	60	20	40	5	5	0
Cantonese	35	15	20	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	20	5	15	5	0	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Lao	5	5	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	20	15	10	5	5	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	5	0	0	0	5	0
Hungarian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	380	180	200	15	5	5
English and French	130	55	75	5	5	5
English and non-official language	245	120	120	10	0	10
French and non-official language	5	5	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	35,905	17,865	18,035	2,935	1,420	1,520
Single responses	35,325	17,605	17,725	2,915	1,410	1,500
Official languages	34,540	17,215	17,325	2,870	1,390	1,485
English	34,340	17,100	17,245	2,875	1,390	1,485
French	195	110	85	0	0	0
Non-official languages	790	390	405	40	20	15
Aboriginal languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	785	390	400	35	20	20
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	5	0	0	0
Arabic	15	10	5	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	335	160	170	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	5	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	5	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	320	160	160	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	5	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	5	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	320	160	160	20	10	15
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	70	35	45	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	70	35	40	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	5	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	5	10	0	0	0
Russian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Serbian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	55	30	25	15	5	10
Afrikaans	15	5	5	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	45	25	20	15	10	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	15	10	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	100	45	55	5	5	0
Indo-Aryan languages	90	40	50	0	0	0
Bengali	5	5	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	15	5	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	30	15	20	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	30	10	15	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	5	5	5	0	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	5	5	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	5	5	5	5	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	75	40	35	5	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	5	5	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	60	30	30	0	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	5	5	5	5	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	5	5	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	5	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	15	15	5	0	5
Chinese languages	30	15	20	5	5	0
Cantonese	25	10	15	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	5	0	5	0	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Lao	5	5	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	575	265	310	20	5	15
English and French	75	30	40	0	0	5
English and non-official language	490	230	260	15	10	10
French and non-official language	5	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	0	5	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	35,905	17,865	18,035	2,935	1,420	1,515
None	34,080	17,015	17,065	2,820	1,365	1,455
English	470	250	220	20	10	10
French	470	205	265	20	10	10
Non-official language	860	380	485	70	35	40
Aboriginal	45	20	20	15	5	5
Non-Aboriginal	820	360	460	65	25	35
English and French	5	5	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	5	5	5	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	5	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	27,770	13,730	14,040	2,495	1,175	1,320
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	26,595	13,180	13,425	2,440	1,160	1,280
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,975	67,733	33,841	26,288	36,693	21,261
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	26,605	13,175	13,430	2,445	1,160	1,285
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,847	56,192	30,687	24,562	32,850	20,651
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	24,895	12,785	12,110	2,090	1,035	1,050
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,466	67,194	32,407	22,240	32,939	15,392
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	15,060	5,380	9,685	1,955	850	1,105
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	4,683	5,136	4,518	10,988	11,356	10,544
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	22,130	11,635	10,495	1,520	795	725
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	48,936	68,688	33,539	25,440	38,528	18,880
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	27,795	13,760	14,035	2,480	1,180	1,295
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	26,600	13,165	13,430	2,430	1,160	1,265
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	60,498	78,500	42,853	33,627	41,281	26,591
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	26,610	13,170	13,445	2,435	1,170	1,265
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	49,342	62,472	36,480	29,644	35,485	24,259
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	24,920	12,765	12,155	2,080	1,050	1,025
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	60,114	77,658	41,696	29,463	36,808	21,969
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	15,040	5,425	9,615	1,950	870	1,085
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,400	7,843	7,150	10,463	10,805	10,189
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	22,150	11,590	10,560	1,465	785	680
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	58,836	76,239	39,746	32,105	39,468	23,564
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	27,795	13,760	14,035	2,475	1,175	1,300
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	11,050	6,445	4,605	490	300	190
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	66,223	83,473	51,306	47,609	56,099	37,151
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	75,618	89,223	56,592	52,470	61,017	38,811
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	93.1	96.1	87.4	76.1	82.2	67.2
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	82.3	86.1	75.0	59.5	66.6	49.3
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	6.9	3.9	12.6	23.9	18.0	32.8
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	27,770	13,725	14,040	2,495	1,175	1,320
Without total income	1,170	550	620	50	15	35
With total income	26,600	13,180	13,420	2,445	1,160	1,285
Percentage with total income	95.8	96.0	95.6	98.0	98.7	97.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,055	905	2,155	340	110	225
$10,000 to $19,999	2,920	890	2,040	575	195	380
$20,000 to $29,999	2,785	930	1,860	435	180	255
$30,000 to $39,999	2,545	945	1,605	325	135	190
$40,000 to $49,999	2,495	1,020	1,475	245	135	105
$50,000 to $59,999	2,305	1,040	1,260	150	105	50
$60,000 to $69,999	2,010	1,100	915	135	105	30
$70,000 to $79,999	1,585	975	605	85	65	20
$80,000 to $89,999	1,350	930	420	45	30	10
$90,000 to $99,999	1,205	815	390	40	30	10
$100,000 and over	4,340	3,630	710	80	70	10
$100,000 to $149,999	2,960	2,395	560	70	60	10
$150,000 and over	1,380	1,235	145	10	10	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	27,765	13,725	14,045	2,495	1,180	1,320
Without after-tax income	1,165	550	610	50	15	30
With after-tax income	26,605	13,175	13,430	2,445	1,160	1,285
Percentage with after-tax income	95.8	96.0	95.6	98.0	98.3	97.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,135	910	2,220	350	120	230
$10,000 to $19,999	3,050	935	2,115	600	210	385
$20,000 to $29,999	3,355	1,115	2,235	495	200	295
$30,000 to $39,999	3,165	1,260	1,905	370	175	200
$40,000 to $49,999	3,180	1,415	1,765	235	150	80
$50,000 to $59,999	2,680	1,475	1,205	175	125	50
$60,000 to $69,999	2,080	1,345	730	85	70	20
$70,000 to $79,999	1,690	1,180	510	65	50	20
$80,000 and over	4,270	3,525	745	70	60	15
$80,000 to $89,999	1,300	970	330	25	25	10
$90,000 to $99,999	885	715	165	25	20	5
$100,000 and over	2,085	1,840	250	25	20	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	27,770	13,725	14,040	2,495	1,180	1,320
Without employment income	5,640	2,095	3,545	975	380	595
With employment income	22,130	11,635	10,495	1,520	790	730
Percentage with employment income	79.7	84.8	74.8	60.9	66.9	55.3
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,110	820	1,290	310	145	170
$5,000 to $9,999	1,290	455	835	140	50	85
$10,000 to $19,999	2,175	745	1,425	210	85	130
$20,000 to $29,999	1,915	645	1,270	175	65	115
$30,000 to $39,999	1,875	730	1,145	170	65	105
$40,000 to $49,999	1,890	770	1,120	150	90	55
$50,000 to $59,999	1,895	880	1,015	90	65	25
$60,000 to $69,999	1,575	870	705	90	75	15
$70,000 to $79,999	1,355	875	480	60	50	5
$80,000 and over	6,050	4,845	1,205	125	105	20
$80,000 to $89,999	1,130	805	320	30	20	10
$90,000 to $99,999	1,110	755	355	35	25	5
$100,000 and over	3,810	3,280	530	60	55	5
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	13,415	...	...	1,390	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	105,493	...	...	49,331	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	88,131	...	...	44,672	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	2,655	...	...	495	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	55,072	...	...	23,616	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	46,517	...	...	22,720	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	10,765	...	...	900	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	118,770	...	...	67,072	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	99,039	...	...	59,648	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	13,460	...	...	1,395	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	119,552	...	...	58,740	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	97,535	...	...	51,854	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,660	...	...	505	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	74,448	...	...	30,899	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	59,190	...	...	27,946	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	10,800	...	...	885	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	130,665	...	...	74,643	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	106,982	...	...	65,510	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	13,420	...	...	1,390	...	...
Under $5,000	105	...	...	15	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	50	...	...	20	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	90	...	...	70	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	170	...	...	115	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	335	...	...	100	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	270	...	...	75	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	285	...	...	90	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	340	...	...	90	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	350	...	...	70	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	380	...	...	50	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	785	...	...	115	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	785	...	...	130	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	785	...	...	90	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	770	...	...	70	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	765	...	...	60	...	...
$100,000 and over	7,155	...	...	220	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,960	...	...	115	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,550	...	...	45	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,050	...	...	40	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,595	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	13,415	...	...	1,390	...	...
Under $5,000	110	...	...	20	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	50	...	...	20	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	90	...	...	75	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	170	...	...	115	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	365	...	...	120	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	315	...	...	80	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	355	...	...	110	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	410	...	...	90	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	415	...	...	65	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	510	...	...	70	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	990	...	...	150	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,030	...	...	110	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,020	...	...	100	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,040	...	...	75	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,035	...	...	60	...	...
$100,000 and over	5,485	...	...	130	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,105	...	...	75	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,455	...	...	35	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,925	...	...	30	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	10,370	...	...	865	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	116,096	...	...	65,434	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	97,037	...	...	58,726	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	3,770	...	...	450	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	105,568	...	...	59,008	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	88,527	...	...	52,992	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	4,795	...	...	265	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	139,124	...	...	92,160	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	114,532	...	...	78,848	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,510	...	...	125	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	66,099	...	...	41,088	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	58,752	...	...	38,784	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	10,410	...	...	865	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	128,372	...	...	74,274	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	105,046	...	...	65,213	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	3,845	...	...	460	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	119,128	...	...	65,956	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	97,127	...	...	58,667	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	4,770	...	...	260	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	152,131	...	...	98,007	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	123,677	...	...	84,285	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,540	...	...	110	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	78,441	...	...	46,876	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	67,056	...	...	42,046	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	4,150	2,155	1,990	595	255	340
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	49,082	61,861	40,400	23,744	26,496	21,792
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	42,342	50,827	36,145	22,656	25,024	21,376
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	4,120	2,205	1,915	570	250	320
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	66,252	73,633	57,767	30,698	34,711	27,589
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	53,253	58,406	47,327	27,635	30,396	25,496
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	35,830	17,830	18,005	2,930	1,415	1,515
In the bottom half of the distribution	11,740	5,430	6,310	1,915	885	1,030
In the bottom decile	1,660	740	920	365	165	205
In the second decile	1,765	745	1,025	510	230	280
In the third decile	2,230	1,010	1,215	415	195	220
In the fourth decile	2,720	1,285	1,435	340	160	180
In the fifth decile	3,365	1,650	1,710	280	135	145
In the top half of the distribution	24,090	12,400	11,690	1,015	525	490
In the sixth decile	3,555	1,750	1,810	275	140	130
In the seventh decile	4,275	2,130	2,145	335	165	170
In the eighth decile	4,885	2,485	2,400	155	85	70
In the ninth decile	5,685	2,970	2,715	175	90	85
In the top decile	5,695	3,065	2,625	75	45	30
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	35,835	17,830	18,000	2,930	1,415	1,515
0 to 17 years	9,380	4,805	4,580	505	270	240
0 to 5 years	3,440	1,745	1,695	200	115	90
18 to 64 years	22,845	11,335	11,515	1,595	770	830
65 years and over	3,600	1,695	1,910	830	380	450
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	2,140	925	1,220	625	270	350
0 to 17 years	770	410	365	115	75	40
0 to 5 years	270	155	120	40	30	10
18 to 64 years	1,140	450	690	310	130	185
65 years and over	230	70	160	200	75	125
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	6.0	5.2	6.8	21.3	19.1	23.1
0 to 17 years (%)	8.2	8.5	8.0	22.8	27.8	16.7
0 to 5 years (%)	7.8	8.9	7.1	20.0	26.1	11.1
18 to 64 years (%)	5.0	4.0	6.0	19.4	16.9	22.3
65 years and over (%)	6.4	4.1	8.4	24.1	19.7	27.8
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	1,310	585	725	250	110	140
0 to 17 years	465	240	230	50	30	20
0 to 5 years	145	75	75	20	15	5
18 to 64 years	795	335	465	185	75	110
65 years and over	50	15	35	20	10	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.7	3.3	4.0	8.5	7.8	9.2
0 to 17 years (%)	5.0	5.0	5.0	9.9	11.1	8.3
0 to 5 years (%)	4.2	4.3	4.4	10.0	13.0	5.6
18 to 64 years (%)	3.5	3.0	4.0	11.6	9.7	13.3
65 years and over (%)	1.4	0.9	1.8	2.4	2.6	2.2
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	35,905	17,895	18,005	2,930	1,420	1,510
Official languages	35,840	17,870	17,970	2,930	1,420	1,510
English	35,830	17,870	17,965	2,930	1,420	1,510
French	2,075	930	1,150	65	30	30
Non-official languages	3,090	1,410	1,680	235	100	135
Aboriginal languages	40	15	25	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	25	10	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	25	15	15	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	10	0	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	10	0	10	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,050	1,395	1,655	240	100	135
Afro-Asiatic languages	140	75	65	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	140	80	60	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	140	75	65	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	45	25	15	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	35	20	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	725	295	430	10	0	10
Bikol	15	10	10	0	0	0
Cebuano	25	10	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	710	290	420	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,810	860	950	190	70	120
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	465	215	250	15	0	10
Baltic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	460	210	245	15	0	15
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Czech	20	10	10	10	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	90	50	45	0	0	10
Russian	160	75	80	0	0	0
Serbian	25	0	15	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slovak	15	10	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	190	80	110	10	10	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	630	305	320	115	40	75
Afrikaans	15	10	0	0	0	0
Danish	15	10	0	0	0	10
Dutch	140	65	75	25	20	0
Frisian	0	10	0	0	0	0
German	440	215	225	90	25	65
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Greek	65	40	20	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	205	110	100	10	10	0
Indo-Aryan languages	205	100	100	0	0	0
Bengali	15	0	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	15	10	10	0	0	0
Hindi	85	50	30	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	10	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	100	60	45	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	30	15	15	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	485	215	270	55	20	40
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	30	10	20	10	0	10
Portuguese	35	30	10	0	0	0
Romanian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Spanish	415	170	245	50	20	35
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	55	20	30	10	10	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	45	20	25	15	10	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	50	25	25	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	30	10	15	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	20	10	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	65	20	45	0	0	0
American Sign Language	30	15	15	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	30	10	25	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	90	35	55	30	20	10
Chinese languages	95	40	55	25	20	10
Cantonese	50	20	35	0	10	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	40	15	20	15	10	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	10	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	10	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	15	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	45	15	30	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	10	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	35	10	25	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	35,905	17,895	18,005	2,930	1,420	1,510
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	34,390	17,180	17,205	2,900	1,400	1,495
Canadian citizens aged under 18	9,130	4,690	4,435	520	280	245
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	25,260	12,485	12,775	2,380	1,125	1,255
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	1,510	715	800	30	20	10
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	35,900	17,895	18,005	2,930	1,420	1,510
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	32,935	16,465	16,470	2,695	1,310	1,380
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	2,595	1,200	1,395	235	110	130
Before 1981	750	370	385	150	70	85
1981 to 1990	275	110	160	10	0	0
1991 to 2000	255	125	135	20	10	10
2001 to 2010	525	255	270	60	35	25
2001 to 2005	185	115	70	30	20	15
2006 to 2010	340	145	195	30	20	15
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	785	340	440	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	375	230	145	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	2,590	1,200	1,390	240	105	130
Under 5 years	285	145	140	35	10	25
5 to 14 years	575	285	290	35	10	20
15 to 24 years	465	170	295	50	25	25
25 to 44 years	1,140	555	585	90	45	45
45 years and over	125	45	85	25	0	20
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	2,590	1,200	1,395	235	110	130
Americas	405	175	225	70	35	30
Brazil	10	0	10	0	0	0
Colombia	40	10	35	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	15	10	0	0	0	0
Mexico	75	40	35	0	0	0
Peru	0	10	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	10	10	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	195	65	125	50	25	25
Other places of birth in Americas	60	35	20	15	0	10
Europe	1,170	605	570	115	45	70
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	10	0	0	0	0
Croatia	10	0	0	0	0	0
France	30	15	15	0	0	0
Germany	140	80	70	25	10	15
Greece	35	25	15	0	0	0
Hungary	20	10	15	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Italy	0	10	10	10	0	0
Netherlands	120	65	55	30	20	15
Poland	55	30	25	0	0	0
Portugal	20	10	10	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	60	20	35	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	35	20	15	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	505	245	260	30	15	15
Other places of birth in Europe	100	70	30	20	0	15
Africa	135	60	70	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	25	0	15	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	15	10	10	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	25	15	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	60	35	25	0	0	0
Asia	865	350	510	45	25	25
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	15	10	15	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	45	15	25	10	10	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	20	0	15	0	0	0
India	80	40	40	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Iraq	0	10	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	20	10	10	15	10	10
Lebanon	50	30	15	0	0	0
Pakistan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Philippines	505	180	330	0	0	10
Sri Lanka	10	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	25	15	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	65	30	35	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	20	0	25	10	0	10
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	780	335	445	0	0	0
Americas	110	40	70	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	30	10	25	0	0	0
Cuba	20	15	10	0	0	0
Haiti	0	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	30	10	15	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	20	0	20	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	170	90	75	0	0	0
France	10	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	10	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	85	40	40	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	35	30	10	0	0	0
Africa	15	10	10	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	15	0	10	0	0	0
Asia	490	200	290	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	20	10	20	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	30	20	15	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	400	160	235	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	10	0	10	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	35,900	17,895	18,010	2,930	1,420	1,510
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	3,110	1,510	1,600	240	110	130
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	4,895	2,370	2,525	680	390	290
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	27,895	14,020	13,880	2,005	915	1,085
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	1,890	850	1,040	95	45	50
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	1,090	515	570	55	25	20
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	460	260	205	30	25	10
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	630	260	375	20	0	15
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	610	210	395	25	10	15
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	195	125	70	15	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	35,900	17,895	18,010	2,930	1,420	1,510
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	2,810	1,385	1,420	250	90	165
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	2,770	1,365	1,400	240	85	160
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	1,130	550	580	120	45	75
Métis	1,595	795	800	115	35	85
Inuk (Inuit)	50	25	20	10	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	20	10	15	10	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	25	10	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	33,090	16,510	16,580	2,680	1,335	1,345
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	35,900	17,895	18,005	2,930	1,420	1,510
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	815	380	435	70	35	30
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	35,085	17,515	17,570	2,865	1,385	1,475
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	35,900	17,895	18,005	2,930	1,420	1,510
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	525	280	250	55	30	25
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	495	260	235	55	30	25
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	285	145	135	45	20	25
Métis single ancestry	200	110	90	0	10	0
Inuit single ancestry	15	0	15	0	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	30	15	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	25	15	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	3,045	1,465	1,580	235	95	140
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	2,920	1,420	1,505	230	90	135
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,685	765	920	115	35	85
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,165	595	565	115	60	60
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	70	55	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	125	50	75	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	85	30	55	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	10	10	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	10	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	32,330	16,145	16,185	2,645	1,300	1,345
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	35,900	17,895	18,010	2,930	1,420	1,510
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	2,070	990	1,080	70	35	35
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	275	150	130	0	0	0
Chinese	110	50	65	25	20	0
Black	250	145	100	0	0	0
Filipino	825	340	480	0	0	10
Latin American	200	100	100	25	15	15
Arab	140	80	60	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	110	65	50	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Korean	30	10	25	15	10	10
Japanese	45	25	20	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	50	20	30	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	33,830	16,900	16,925	2,860	1,385	1,475
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	35,900	17,895	18,005	2,930	1,420	1,510
North American Aboriginal origins	3,570	1,745	1,825	290	120	165
First Nations (North American Indian)	2,105	975	1,140	165	55	110
Inuit	130	80	50	0	0	0
Métis	1,495	765	730	120	60	60
Other North American origins	11,585	5,885	5,700	660	315	345
Acadian	110	75	35	0	0	0
American	680	295	385	60	25	30
Canadian	11,080	5,655	5,420	620	295	325
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	27,925	13,720	14,210	2,460	1,185	1,280
British Isles origins	18,115	8,865	9,245	1,650	815	840
Channel Islander	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	10,145	4,950	5,195	970	425	545
Irish	7,345	3,450	3,900	620	310	315
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	7,800	4,000	3,800	810	390	420
Welsh	945	480	465	80	55	25
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	885	410	475	95	50	40
French origins	5,285	2,565	2,725	405	160	250
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	5,285	2,565	2,725	400	155	245
Western European origins (except French origins)	10,630	5,145	5,490	975	485	490
Austrian	595	260	330	95	60	35
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	320	140	170	20	10	15
Dutch	2,320	1,100	1,225	280	140	140
Flemish	30	0	25	0	0	0
Frisian	20	10	15	0	0	0
German	8,410	4,110	4,300	640	335	305
Luxembourger	10	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	260	100	160	50	15	30
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	3,760	1,715	2,045	360	160	200
Danish	655	295	360	15	10	10
Finnish	160	70	85	25	15	15
Icelandic	230	135	100	10	0	10
Norwegian	1,700	745	960	175	80	100
Swedish	1,190	520	665	135	55	75
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	110	65	45	15	0	10
Eastern European origins	7,875	3,880	3,990	555	285	275
Bulgarian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	10	0	0	10	0
Czech	175	100	75	20	10	10
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	70	20	55	0	0	0
Estonian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	400	190	215	70	35	40
Latvian	25	20	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	2,000	1,040	960	200	120	80
Romanian	285	140	145	15	10	10
Russian	940	375	560	90	30	60
Slovak	55	25	25	20	15	0
Ukrainian	5,190	2,570	2,620	225	100	130
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	35	20	15	0	0	0
Southern European origins	1,530	725	805	95	40	50
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	85	45	40	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	105	50	60	0	0	0
Italian	865	405	460	60	30	30
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Maltese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	180	75	100	0	0	0
Serbian	30	10	15	10	0	10
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	45	25	20	0	0	0
Spanish	225	115	115	25	10	15
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	20	0	25	10	0	10
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	110	45	60	25	15	10
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	45	10	30	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	70	35	35	25	20	0
Caribbean origins	180	100	80	0	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	50	25	20	0	0	0
Dominican	15	0	10	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	105	60	45	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	315	150	160	40	20	20
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	45	15	30	0	0	0
Costa Rican	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	20	10	15
Guyanese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Hispanic	30	10	20	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	150	85	65	15	15	10
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	15	15	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	40	10	25	0	0	0
African origins	290	145	145	15	0	10
Central and West African origins	10	0	0	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	50	30	20	0	0	0
Algerian	30	15	10	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	20	10	10	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	80	45	30	10	0	10
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	15	15	10	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	25	15	10	10	0	10
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	25	15	10	0	0	0
Other African origins	155	70	80	10	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	135	60	70	0	0	10
Asian origins	1,770	850	915	50	25	25
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	235	135	100	10	10	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	25	20	15	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	25	10	10	10	10	10
Iraqi	0	10	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	100	60	45	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	10	0	10	0	0	0
Turk	35	25	10	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	10	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	315	160	155	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	30	10	20	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	205	105	100	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	15	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	30	20	15	0	0	0
Punjabi	25	10	15	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	15	15	10	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,215	545	665	45	25	20
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	20	10	20	0	0	0
Chinese	265	135	125	25	15	10
Filipino	820	350	470	10	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	60	35	25	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	35	10	25	15	0	0
Laotian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	40	25	15	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	15	15	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	20	15	10	0	0	0
Oceania origins	85	45	40	10	10	0
Australian	60	30	25	10	10	0
New Zealander	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	20	10	10	0	0	0
Fijian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	13,460	...	...	1,390	...	...
Owner	10,490	...	...	1,045	...	...
Renter	2,970	...	...	345	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	13,460	...	...	1,390	...	...
Condominium	1,635	...	...	245	...	...
Not condominium	11,825	...	...	1,145	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	13,460	...	...	1,390	...	...
No bedrooms	20	...	...	10	...	...
1 bedroom	710	...	...	160	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,620	...	...	470	...	...
3 bedrooms	5,990	...	...	425	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	4,125	...	...	325	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	13,465	...	...	1,390	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	2,540	...	...	375	...	...
5 rooms	2,190	...	...	210	...	...
6 rooms	2,185	...	...	265	...	...
7 rooms	2,060	...	...	165	...	...
8 or more rooms	4,485	...	...	375	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.7	...	...	6.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	13,460	...	...	1,390	...	...
One person or fewer per room	13,345	...	...	1,385	...	...
More than 1 person per room	120	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	13,465	...	...	1,395	...	...
Suitable	13,025	...	...	1,365	...	...
Not suitable	440	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	13,460	...	...	1,390	...	...
1960 or before	105	...	...	285	...	...
1961 to 1980	2,870	...	...	380	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,310	...	...	175	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,610	...	...	325	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,620	...	...	80	...	...
2006 to 2010	2,945	...	...	105	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	2,995	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	13,460	...	...	1,390	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	12,970	...	...	1,300	...	...
Major repairs needed	490	...	...	90	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	13,465	...	...	1,395	...	...
1 household maintainer	7,485	...	...	900	...	...
2 household maintainers	5,675	...	...	475	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	305	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	13,465	...	...	1,395	...	...
15 to 24 years	590	...	...	10	...	...
25 to 34 years	2,785	...	...	135	...	...
35 to 44 years	3,055	...	...	135	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,635	...	...	200	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,155	...	...	325	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,445	...	...	290	...	...
75 to 84 years	665	...	...	195	...	...
85 years and over	120	...	...	95	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	13,430	...	...	1,395	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	10,930	...	...	1,055	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	2,500	...	...	335	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,235	...	...	290	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	10,490	...	...	1,045	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	73.5	...	...	48.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	13.5	...	...	17.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,653	...	...	565	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,572	...	...	851	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	360,234	...	...	275,755	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	373,340	...	...	291,366	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,970	...	...	345	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	6.6	...	...	13.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	37.0	...	...	46.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,401	...	...	701	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,474	...	...	738	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	27,795	13,760	14,035	2,480	1,175	1,295
No certificate, diploma or degree	4,670	2,470	2,200	595	290	305
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	8,905	4,240	4,660	770	335	425
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	14,225	7,050	7,175	1,110	550	565
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,655	3,055	600	380	265	115
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	810	495	315	125	45	75
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,845	2,560	290	260	215	40
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	6,335	2,395	3,940	470	170	305
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	620	205	415	55	10	40
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	3,615	1,395	2,215	205	100	105
Bachelor's degree	2,895	1,090	1,805	145	75	70
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	180	55	120	20	0	15
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	60	30	25	0	0	0
Master's degree	430	190	245	30	20	10
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	50	30	20	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	19,725	9,760	9,965	1,420	675	750
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,025	1,145	875	215	100	115
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	6,060	2,925	3,135	475	205	275
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	11,640	5,690	5,955	730	370	360
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,820	2,390	430	220	165	55
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	575	370	210	85	40	45
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,240	2,025	215	135	125	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,195	1,930	3,265	320	115	210
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	475	155	320	30	10	20
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	3,155	1,210	1,945	160	80	75
Bachelor's degree	2,555	970	1,585	120	65	60
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	145	40	105	10	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	40	15	20	0	0	0
Master's degree	370	155	215	25	15	10
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	45	25	20	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	27,795	13,760	14,035	2,480	1,175	1,300
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	13,570	6,710	6,860	1,360	625	730
Education	1,100	295	810	100	25	75
13. Education	1,105	295	810	95	20	80
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	310	135	175	30	10	20
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	90	65	30	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	225	75	145	20	10	20
Humanities	385	175	210	35	15	15
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	25	10	20	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	75	0	70	10	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	70	30	40	0	10	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	45	15	25	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	105	60	40	20	10	10
54. History	45	45	10	0	10	0
55. French language and literature/letters	10	0	10	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,055	260	795	70	10	65
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	0	25	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	100	40	60	0	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	275	10	265	40	10	30
22. Legal professions and studies	255	30	220	15	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	165	45	120	10	10	10
45. Social sciences	225	125	100	10	0	10
Business, management and public administration	2,700	725	1,975	185	50	135
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	160	25	130	20	10	15
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,540	705	1,835	165	45	120
Physical and life sciences and technologies	220	85	140	10	10	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	105	45	65	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	45	0	40	10	10	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	45	25	15	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	30	10	20	10	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	300	155	145	35	25	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	225	145	80	30	25	10
25. Library science	45	0	50	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	0	15	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	4,465	4,155	310	300	290	10
04. Architecture and related services	35	20	15	0	0	0
14. Engineering	335	270	60	10	0	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	775	695	80	20	15	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,295	1,215	75	150	145	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,340	1,300	40	90	90	0
48. Precision production	690	655	35	35	40	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	275	190	80	45	30	15
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	110	85	30	25	10	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	165	110	60	20	15	0
Health and related fields	2,410	355	2,060	205	30	170
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	190	95	95	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	2,220	255	1,970	205	35	165
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	990	520	465	110	60	45
12. Personal and culinary services	490	80	405	65	15	45
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	270	210	60	15	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	220	225	0	35	35	0
Other	0	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	10	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	19,725	9,760	9,965	1,420	670	750
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	8,080	4,070	4,015	690	305	390
Education	885	235	655	70	25	45
13. Education	885	235	655	65	25	45
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	260	120	145	20	10	15
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	80	50	25	0	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	185	65	120	20	0	15
Humanities	325	150	180	20	10	15
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	25	10	20	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	65	10	55	10	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	60	25	40	10	10	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	35	10	25	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	80	55	25	10	0	10
54. History	45	40	10	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	10	0	10	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	930	225	700	70	0	65
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	25	0	25	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	90	35	55	10	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	245	0	235	30	0	30
22. Legal professions and studies	215	20	195	10	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	10	10	0	0	0
42. Psychology	140	45	95	10	0	10
45. Social sciences	210	115	95	10	0	10
Business, management and public administration	2,225	590	1,630	150	40	105
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	125	20	110	15	0	15
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,090	575	1,515	130	40	90
Physical and life sciences and technologies	185	75	115	10	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	80	30	45	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	35	0	35	0	10	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	35	20	15	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	30	15	20	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	265	140	120	30	30	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	200	135	60	30	25	0
25. Library science	40	0	45	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	0	15	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,575	3,290	285	165	160	0
04. Architecture and related services	35	25	15	0	0	0
14. Engineering	300	235	60	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	625	555	65	10	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,075	1,000	70	80	75	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,025	990	30	55	60	0
48. Precision production	520	490	30	25	20	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	235	165	75	20	25	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	85	60	25	10	10	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	155	100	50	0	10	0
Health and related fields	1,980	280	1,700	105	15	85
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	170	75	90	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	1,810	205	1,610	100	20	85
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	770	420	350	75	55	15
12. Personal and culinary services	360	65	295	30	15	20
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	240	185	55	15	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	160	160	0	30	25	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	10	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	27,795	13,760	14,035	2,475	1,175	1,300
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	13,570	6,710	6,860	1,360	630	730
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	14,225	7,050	7,170	1,110	550	565
Location of study inside Canada	13,065	6,550	6,515	1,020	510	515
Same as province or territory of residence	10,175	5,190	4,985	715	330	385
Different than province or territory of residence	2,890	1,360	1,530	310	180	130
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,160	505	660	90	40	50
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	160	75	90	25	15	10
Philippines	340	130	210	10	0	0
India	45	20	30	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	195	85	115	10	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	10	0	10	10
France	15	10	0	0	0	0
Other	395	190	210	50	20	30
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	19,725	9,760	9,960	1,420	670	750
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	8,085	4,070	4,010	690	305	390
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	11,640	5,690	5,955	730	370	365
Location of study inside Canada	10,670	5,265	5,405	670	335	330
Same as province or territory of residence	8,285	4,145	4,140	490	225	260
Different than province or territory of residence	2,385	1,125	1,265	180	110	65
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	970	420	550	60	30	35
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	120	50	70	0	10	0
Philippines	340	130	205	10	0	0
India	40	15	25	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	125	55	70	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	0	10	10	0	10
France	15	10	0	0	0	0
Other	330	160	165	40	15	25
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	27,795	13,755	14,035	2,475	1,175	1,300
In the labour force	20,455	10,910	9,550	1,250	660	590
Employed	18,790	9,945	8,845	1,125	595	530
Unemployed	1,670	965	700	120	65	60
Not in the labour force	7,340	2,850	4,485	1,230	520	710
Participation rate	73.6	79.3	68.0	50.5	56.2	45.4
Employment rate	67.6	72.3	63.0	45.5	50.6	40.8
Unemployment rate	8.2	8.8	7.3	9.6	9.8	10.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	27,795	13,760	14,035	2,475	1,175	1,300
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	6,340	2,390	3,950	1,180	465	715
Worked	21,455	11,370	10,085	1,295	715	585
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	11,340	6,620	4,720	510	315	190
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	10,115	4,750	5,360	785	395	390
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.2	44.0	42.3	40.3	40.5	40.1
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	20,455	10,905	9,550	1,245	660	585
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	260	90	165	25	10	15
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	20,200	10,815	9,380	1,230	650	575
Employee	18,420	9,765	8,660	1,065	560	505
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	1,775	1,055	725	165	95	70
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	20,455	10,910	9,545	1,250	660	590
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	260	90	165	20	0	15
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	20,200	10,815	9,380	1,230	650	575
0 Management occupations	2,270	1,430	840	85	55	25
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	3,270	730	2,540	160	40	120
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	950	755	195	35	30	0
3 Health occupations	1,155	135	1,015	80	10	70
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,915	635	1,280	125	40	90
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	340	85	250	35	20	20
6 Sales and service occupations	4,270	1,530	2,735	275	90	185
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	4,925	4,565	365	295	275	25
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	520	445	75	40	25	15
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	585	505	80	100	80	20
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	20,455	10,910	9,550	1,250	660	590
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	260	90	165	20	10	15
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	20,200	10,820	9,385	1,230	650	575
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	145	105	35	40	30	15
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	800	655	145	15	15	0
22 Utilities	300	265	35	15	10	0
23 Construction	3,205	2,650	555	140	125	20
31-33 Manufacturing	1,110	815	295	180	130	50
41 Wholesale trade	1,200	850	355	30	30	0
44-45 Retail trade	2,655	1,150	1,500	115	65	50
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,070	810	260	60	40	20
51 Information and cultural industries	230	110	120	15	15	0
52 Finance and insurance	560	110	450	40	10	25
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	340	175	160	40	25	15
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,005	465	545	60	25	30
55 Management of companies and enterprises	35	20	15	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	615	290	320	35	15	20
61 Educational services	1,180	315	870	65	15	50
62 Health care and social assistance	1,920	175	1,745	150	20	135
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	345	160	190	10	10	0
72 Accommodation and food services	1,325	530	800	105	30	75
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,070	555	515	70	25	45
91 Public administration	1,070	605	465	30	15	15
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	18,790	9,945	8,845	1,125	600	530
Worked at home	985	360	625	70	25	45
Worked outside Canada	25	15	10	10	10	0
No fixed workplace address	3,055	2,400	650	200	155	50
Worked at usual place	14,725	7,160	7,565	845	405	440
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	14,725	7,160	7,565	850	405	440
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	4,170	1,550	2,620	245	100	140
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	9,935	5,135	4,790	330	145	185
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	555	425	130	240	130	115
Commute to a different province or territory	70	50	20	35	30	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	17,775	9,560	8,215	1,050	560	490
Car, truck, van - as a driver	15,625	8,485	7,135	870	475	395
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	940	470	475	35	20	15
Public transit	360	230	130	20	0	10
Walked	460	175	285	65	20	40
Bicycle	60	25	40	25	10	15
Other method	330	190	145	35	25	10
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	17,775	9,565	8,215	1,050	565	485
Less than 15 minutes	5,245	2,185	3,060	325	140	185
15 to 29 minutes	5,310	2,880	2,430	365	225	140
30 to 44 minutes	4,175	2,520	1,660	280	135	150
45 to 59 minutes	1,890	1,140	750	15	15	0
60 minutes and over	1,160	840	320	65	45	20
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	17,775	9,560	8,215	1,050	560	485
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,855	1,410	445	105	70	35
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	4,205	2,830	1,380	180	110	70
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	4,865	2,420	2,440	305	195	105
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	2,645	960	1,680	220	70	150
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,415	465	950	80	30	55
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,790	1,470	1,320	160	85	75
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	21,930	11,545	10,380	1,340	725	610
Single responses	21,850	11,515	10,345	1,335	725	610
Official languages	21,835	11,505	10,325	1,320	715	605
English	21,785	11,495	10,290	1,315	710	605
French	45	10	40	10	10	0
Non-official languages	20	10	15	15	0	10
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	20	0	15	15	0	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	0	10	15	10	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	10	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	15	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	75	35	40	0	0	0
English and French	35	20	20	0	0	0
English and non-official language	35	15	20	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	21,925	11,550	10,380	1,335	725	610
None	21,560	11,385	10,175	1,305	710	600
English	45	15	25	20	15	0
French	190	65	125	0	0	0
Non-official language	125	80	45	10	0	10
Aboriginal	10	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	125	80	45	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	35,275	17,560	17,715	2,905	1,415	1,495
Non-movers	29,210	14,645	14,565	2,600	1,260	1,340
Movers	6,065	2,920	3,145	300	155	150
Non-migrants	2,760	1,340	1,425	105	50	55
Migrants	3,305	1,585	1,725	195	105	95
Internal migrants	3,165	1,510	1,660	195	95	90
Intraprovincial migrants	2,705	1,310	1,395	130	65	65
Interprovincial migrants	465	205	260	65	35	30
External migrants	140	70	65	10	10	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	32,995	16,450	16,540	2,755	1,320	1,430
Non-movers	15,915	8,125	7,790	1,725	805	915
Movers	17,075	8,325	8,750	1,030	505	520
Non-migrants	6,580	3,245	3,335	370	185	180
Migrants	10,490	5,080	5,415	660	325	340
Internal migrants	9,625	4,650	4,975	660	320	340
Intraprovincial migrants	7,445	3,590	3,850	480	215	265
Interprovincial migrants	2,185	1,060	1,125	180	105	75
External migrants	870	430	440	0	0	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Spruce Grove [Population centre], Alberta and Enderby [Population centre], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 1, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Spruce Grove [Population centre], Alberta and Enderby [Population centre], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Spruce Grove [Population centre], Alberta and Enderby [Population centre], British Columbia

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Spruce Grove [Population centre], Alberta and Enderby [Population centre], British Columbia