Census Profile, 2016 Census
St. Thomas [Population centre], Ontario and Division No. 8, Census division [Census division], Newfoundland and Labrador

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	St. Thomas Ontario [Population centre]			Division No. 8, CDR Newfoundland and Labrador [Census division]
	Data quality , St. Thomas [Population centre], Ontario Map : St. Thomas [Population centre], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Division No. 8, Census division [Census division], Newfoundland and Labrador Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	41,813	...	...	35,794	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	40,973 ^r	...	...	37,121	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	2.1	...	...	-3.6	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	18,157	...	...	21,913	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	17,623	...	...	15,587	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,610.4	...	...	3.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	25.97	...	...	9,314.57	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	41,810	20,170	21,640	35,795	17,735	18,060
0 to 14 years	7,480	3,905	3,570	4,105	2,125	1,980
0 to 4 years	2,225	1,195	1,030	1,085	570	515
5 to 9 years	2,705	1,395	1,315	1,490	780	715
10 to 14 years	2,545	1,325	1,225	1,530	775	755
15 to 64 years	26,385	12,755	13,630	22,320	11,025	11,300
15 to 19 years	2,385	1,240	1,145	1,770	895	875
20 to 24 years	2,125	1,090	1,035	1,235	680	555
25 to 29 years	2,185	1,025	1,160	1,130	570	555
30 to 34 years	2,445	1,155	1,290	1,335	640	690
35 to 39 years	2,670	1,270	1,405	1,665	780	885
40 to 44 years	2,845	1,385	1,460	2,260	1,080	1,175
45 to 49 years	2,825	1,375	1,455	2,815	1,405	1,410
50 to 54 years	3,100	1,490	1,615	3,100	1,560	1,545
55 to 59 years	3,080	1,455	1,625	3,410	1,670	1,740
60 to 64 years	2,725	1,280	1,445	3,605	1,745	1,855
65 years and over	7,945	3,505	4,440	9,370	4,585	4,785
65 to 69 years	2,650	1,210	1,440	3,400	1,670	1,730
70 to 74 years	1,980	945	1,035	2,525	1,300	1,225
75 to 79 years	1,420	640	780	1,610	795	820
80 to 84 years	945	400	540	1,035	505	530
85 years and over	950	305	645	795	310	485
85 to 89 years	590	200	385	560	225	335
90 to 94 years	285	80	205	190	75	120
95 to 99 years	65	15	50	45	15	25
100 years and over	10	0	10	0	0	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.9	19.4	16.5	11.5	12.0	11.0
15 to 64 years	63.1	63.2	63.0	62.4	62.2	62.6
65 years and over	19.0	17.4	20.5	26.2	25.9	26.5
85 years and over	2.3	1.5	3.0	2.2	1.7	2.7
Average age of the population	41.8	40.4	43.1	48.5	48.0	49.0
Median age of the population	42.7	41.4	44.1	52.6	52.2	53.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	17,625	...	...	15,585	...	...
Single-detached house	11,940	...	...	14,370	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	775	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	4,910	...	...	1,155	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,115	...	...	220	...	...
Row house	580	...	...	370	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	555	...	...	245	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,635	...	...	290	...	...
Other single-attached house	25	...	...	25	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	0	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	17,625	...	...	15,590	...	...
1 person	5,165	...	...	3,370	...	...
2 persons	6,435	...	...	7,660	...	...
3 persons	2,685	...	...	2,465	...	...
4 persons	2,220	...	...	1,530	...	...
5 or more persons	1,125	...	...	565	...	...
Number of persons in private households	41,045	...	...	35,195	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	34,330	16,265	18,070	31,690	15,605	16,080
Married or living common law	19,945	9,930	10,015	22,240	11,105	11,135
Married	16,365	8,160	8,205	19,380	9,675	9,700
Living common law	3,585	1,770	1,815	2,860	1,425	1,435
Not married and not living common law	14,385	6,330	8,050	9,450	4,505	4,945
Never married	8,020	4,250	3,770	5,345	3,135	2,215
Separated	1,355	550	805	450	240	205
Divorced	2,665	1,025	1,640	1,120	610	510
Widowed	2,340	505	1,840	2,535	525	2,010
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	12,150	...	...	12,160	...	...
2 persons	6,515	...	...	7,925	...	...
3 persons	2,630	...	...	2,385	...	...
4 persons	2,100	...	...	1,430	...	...
5 or more persons	900	...	...	415	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	12,145	...	...	12,165	...	...
Total couple families	9,865	...	...	10,995	...	...
Married couples	8,075	...	...	9,565	...	...
Common-law couples	1,790	...	...	1,430	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	2,280	...	...	1,170	...	...
Female parent	1,865	...	...	925	...	...
Male parent	415	...	...	245	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	9,870	...	...	10,990	...	...
Couples without children	5,155	...	...	7,100	...	...
Couples with children	4,710	...	...	3,890	...	...
1 child	1,930	...	...	2,110	...	...
2 children	1,920	...	...	1,370	...	...
3 or more children	860	...	...	405	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	2,280	...	...	1,170	...	...
1 child	1,355	...	...	825	...	...
2 children	695	...	...	270	...	...
3 or more children	225	...	...	75	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	6,900	3,080	3,820	4,270	1,935	2,340
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	17,620	...	...	15,585	...	...
One-census-family households	11,750	...	...	11,830	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	5,005	...	...	6,950	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	6,740	...	...	4,875	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	200	...	...	170	...	...
Non-census-family households	5,675	...	...	3,590	...	...
One-person households	5,165	...	...	3,365	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	515	...	...	225	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	41,160	19,880	21,285	35,565	17,660	17,910
English only	39,005	18,960	20,045	35,185	17,520	17,660
French only	5	5	0	5	0	0
English and French	2,050	875	1,170	370	130	240
Neither English nor French	105	40	65	15	5	5
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	41,160	19,880	21,280	35,570	17,660	17,905
English	40,655	19,650	21,000	35,515	17,630	17,880
French	385	185	200	40	25	15
English and French	20	5	15	0	0	5
Neither English nor French	95	35	60	10	5	5
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	395	190	210	45	25	20
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.0	1.0	1.0	0.1	0.1	0.1
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	41,160	19,880	21,280	35,570	17,660	17,910
Single responses	40,870	19,750	21,120	35,545	17,650	17,895
Official languages	38,225	18,520	19,705	35,450	17,605	17,845
English	37,780	18,315	19,470	35,405	17,585	17,815
French	445	210	235	45	20	25
Non-official languages	2,650	1,230	1,420	90	40	50
Aboriginal languages	5	0	0	5	5	5
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	5	0	5
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,640	1,225	1,420	85	40	50
Afro-Asiatic languages	120	55	65	10	5	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	115	55	65	10	5	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	75	30	40	10	5	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	5	5	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	40	20	25	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	225	110	115	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	145	65	80	0	0	0
Vietnamese	85	45	40	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	65	15	45	10	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	5	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	50	15	35	10	0	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,985	920	1,065	40	15	20
Albanian	55	30	30	0	0	0
Armenian	10	5	5	5	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	525	250	275	0	0	5
Baltic languages	10	10	5	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	10	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	515	245	275	0	0	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	160	80	80	0	0	0
Czech	25	10	15	0	0	0
Macedonian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	215	95	110	0	0	0
Russian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Serbian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	15	5	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	5	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	55	20	35	5	0	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	865	385	480	20	5	15
Afrikaans	5	5	5	5	0	0
Danish	15	10	5	0	0	0
Dutch	360	160	195	0	0	0
Frisian	10	5	5	0	0	0
German	455	195	260	15	5	15
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	25	15	15	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	120	55	65	5	5	0
Indo-Aryan languages	105	50	55	5	5	5
Bengali	0	0	0	5	0	0
Gujarati	35	20	20	0	0	0
Hindi	10	5	5	0	5	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	30	15	15	5	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Urdu	15	10	5	0	0	0
Iranian languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	15	5	15	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	385	190	195	5	5	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	145	70	75	0	5	0
Portuguese	70	40	30	5	0	0
Romanian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Spanish	155	70	85	5	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	35	15	20	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	5	0	10	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	5	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	5	0	0	10	5	5
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	5	0	5	5	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	0	0	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	65	30	35	15	10	5
Chinese languages	60	25	35	15	5	10
Cantonese	25	10	15	5	0	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	25	10	20	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Lao	20	10	10	0	0	0
Thai	10	5	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	75	30	45	0	0	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	70	30	35	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	5	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	295	130	165	25	10	10
English and French	80	30	45	10	5	5
English and non-official language	210	90	115	15	10	10
French and non-official language	5	5	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	41,165	19,880	21,285	35,570	17,660	17,905
Single responses	40,700	19,675	21,030	35,535	17,645	17,890
Official languages	40,030	19,360	20,670	35,510	17,630	17,875
English	39,970	19,330	20,635	35,500	17,625	17,875
French	60	30	35	5	0	5
Non-official languages	670	310	360	30	15	15
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	670	310	360	30	15	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	45	20	20	10	5	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	45	20	25	5	5	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	35	20	20	10	5	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	130	65	65	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	75	35	40	0	0	0
Vietnamese	55	35	25	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	375	160	215	5	0	0
Albanian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	160	70	90	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	155	70	85	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	60	30	35	0	0	0
Czech	10	5	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	75	30	40	0	0	0
Russian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Serbian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	35	10	25	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	10	5	5	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	25	10	15	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	55	25	35	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	45	25	25	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	15	10	5	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	25	10	10	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	5	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	100	45	55	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Portuguese	15	5	10	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	55	25	35	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	5	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	30	15	15	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	5	0	5	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	5	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	10	0	5	5	0
American Sign Language	0	5	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	10	0	10	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	15	10	10	5	5
Chinese languages	20	15	15	10	5	5
Cantonese	15	5	10	5	5	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	5	5	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Lao	5	5	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	465	210	250	35	15	15
English and French	35	10	25	10	5	5
English and non-official language	425	200	225	20	10	10
French and non-official language	5	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	0	5	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	41,160	19,880	21,280	35,570	17,660	17,905
None	39,550	19,180	20,370	35,460	17,615	17,850
English	325	155	170	15	10	5
French	370	155	215	35	15	20
Non-official language	895	385	510	55	20	35
Aboriginal	5	0	5	5	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	890	385	510	55	25	30
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	5	5	5	0	0	0
French and non-official language	15	10	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	33,585	15,950	17,635	31,085	15,375	15,710
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	32,250	15,290	16,960	29,795	14,905	14,890
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,135	40,115	27,938	23,825	33,676	19,183
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	32,265	15,290	16,975	29,810	14,905	14,900
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,182	35,903	25,980	22,543	30,551	18,790
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	28,265	13,770	14,495	22,090	11,825	10,265
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,642	38,307	24,101	20,180	29,373	14,144
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	24,280	10,465	13,820	25,470	12,350	13,120
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,007	7,431	8,285	12,061	14,166	10,384
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	22,985	11,740	11,245	18,460	10,040	8,420
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,659	38,336	28,085	21,046	30,995	14,538
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	33,605	15,955	17,645	31,090	15,355	15,730
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	32,195	15,255	16,940	29,745	14,855	14,890
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,653	45,646	34,257	35,403	46,814	24,017
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	32,205	15,250	16,950	29,755	14,860	14,900
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,270	38,905	30,100	30,251	38,838	21,689
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	28,155	13,705	14,450	22,055	11,810	10,240
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,644	44,291	31,340	34,118	45,075	21,479
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	24,285	10,360	13,930	25,565	12,415	13,155
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,913	8,603	9,143	11,759	13,132	10,464
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	23,040	11,700	11,340	18,460	10,105	8,350
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,813	42,553	32,923	35,724	46,747	22,386
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	33,605	15,960	17,650	31,085	15,355	15,730
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	11,705	6,480	5,225	4,530	2,245	2,290
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	48,801	54,761	43,467	44,642	55,514	33,535
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	54,417	59,248	48,426	56,898	70,452	43,599
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	83.0	87.4	77.7	71.2	76.1	62.1
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	68.3	72.1	63.7	61.9	67.0	52.2
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	17.0	12.6	22.3	28.8	23.9	37.9
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	33,585	15,955	17,635	31,085	15,375	15,710
Without total income	1,335	660	675	1,290	475	820
With total income	32,250	15,290	16,960	29,800	14,905	14,890
Percentage with total income	96.0	95.8	96.2	95.9	96.9	94.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,955	1,605	2,345	4,225	1,295	2,930
$10,000 to $19,999	5,705	2,085	3,625	8,060	3,060	5,000
$20,000 to $29,999	5,105	2,035	3,070	5,520	2,305	3,215
$30,000 to $39,999	4,295	1,900	2,395	3,605	2,000	1,605
$40,000 to $49,999	3,910	1,975	1,935	2,375	1,545	825
$50,000 to $59,999	2,770	1,505	1,265	1,430	1,025	405
$60,000 to $69,999	2,005	1,200	800	1,140	860	275
$70,000 to $79,999	1,330	865	465	785	605	180
$80,000 to $89,999	925	595	330	620	440	180
$90,000 to $99,999	885	515	370	530	390	140
$100,000 and over	1,365	1,005	355	1,500	1,370	135
$100,000 to $149,999	1,110	820	290	1,105	1,005	105
$150,000 and over	255	185	70	395	365	25
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	33,585	15,950	17,635	31,085	15,375	15,710
Without after-tax income	1,320	660	665	1,280	470	810
With after-tax income	32,265	15,290	16,970	29,805	14,905	14,900
Percentage with after-tax income	96.1	95.9	96.2	95.9	96.9	94.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,095	1,630	2,465	4,330	1,310	3,020
$10,000 to $19,999	6,010	2,220	3,785	8,465	3,190	5,270
$20,000 to $29,999	5,930	2,405	3,525	6,280	2,805	3,470
$30,000 to $39,999	5,240	2,485	2,760	3,880	2,325	1,555
$40,000 to $49,999	4,075	2,165	1,915	2,245	1,590	650
$50,000 to $59,999	2,705	1,610	1,095	1,515	1,150	365
$60,000 to $69,999	1,595	1,035	555	970	730	245
$70,000 to $79,999	1,215	730	490	735	540	195
$80,000 and over	1,400	1,005	390	1,390	1,260	130
$80,000 to $89,999	640	450	195	455	395	55
$90,000 to $99,999	315	230	80	325	300	30
$100,000 and over	440	325	115	610	565	45
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	33,590	15,950	17,635	31,090	15,375	15,710
Without employment income	10,600	4,215	6,385	12,625	5,340	7,290
With employment income	22,985	11,740	11,245	18,460	10,035	8,420
Percentage with employment income	68.4	73.6	63.8	59.4	65.3	53.6
Under $5,000 (including loss)	3,655	1,905	1,745	2,975	1,320	1,650
$5,000 to $9,999	1,780	725	1,055	2,025	735	1,295
$10,000 to $19,999	2,810	1,150	1,655	3,955	1,670	2,285
$20,000 to $29,999	2,560	1,125	1,435	2,455	1,180	1,275
$30,000 to $39,999	2,710	1,180	1,535	1,480	900	575
$40,000 to $49,999	2,540	1,245	1,300	1,220	795	420
$50,000 to $59,999	1,890	1,065	820	825	610	210
$60,000 to $69,999	1,475	935	550	770	555	210
$70,000 to $79,999	1,020	680	345	545	430	115
$80,000 and over	2,550	1,735	810	2,220	1,840	380
$80,000 to $89,999	760	490	270	505	340	165
$90,000 to $99,999	760	440	325	450	330	120
$100,000 and over	1,025	805	220	1,265	1,170	95
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	17,625	...	...	15,590	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	61,888	...	...	51,687	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	55,223	...	...	47,341	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	5,160	...	...	3,365	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,912	...	...	20,944	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	28,278	...	...	20,779	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	12,460	...	...	12,220	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	77,719	...	...	62,203	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	68,790	...	...	55,978	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	17,635	...	...	15,585	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	72,392	...	...	67,558	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	62,589	...	...	57,748	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	5,125	...	...	3,370	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	36,507	...	...	29,102	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,931	...	...	26,059	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	12,510	...	...	12,220	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	87,085	...	...	78,151	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	75,141	...	...	66,477	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	17,625	...	...	15,585	...	...
Under $5,000	150	...	...	95	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	270	...	...	215	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	625	...	...	505	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	775	...	...	1,065	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	955	...	...	905	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	760	...	...	1,160	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	870	...	...	1,380	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	860	...	...	810	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	895	...	...	745	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	815	...	...	685	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,575	...	...	1,305	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,460	...	...	1,170	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,270	...	...	960	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,115	...	...	800	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	995	...	...	725	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,235	...	...	3,055	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,820	...	...	1,175	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,060	...	...	765	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	945	...	...	735	...	...
$200,000 and over	405	...	...	380	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	17,625	...	...	15,585	...	...
Under $5,000	165	...	...	95	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	265	...	...	220	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	630	...	...	510	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	825	...	...	1,090	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,045	...	...	975	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	865	...	...	1,215	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	990	...	...	1,470	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,015	...	...	935	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,040	...	...	905	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	995	...	...	830	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,815	...	...	1,595	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,625	...	...	1,270	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,420	...	...	1,055	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,190	...	...	865	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	945	...	...	585	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,785	...	...	1,985	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,485	...	...	1,055	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	710	...	...	490	...	...
$150,000 and over	590	...	...	435	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	12,065	...	...	12,085	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	77,946	...	...	62,006	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	68,943	...	...	55,853	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	4,910	...	...	6,810	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	71,659	...	...	51,567	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	63,829	...	...	47,432	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	4,755	...	...	3,950	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	102,025	...	...	91,691	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	88,220	...	...	79,057	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	2,170	...	...	1,075	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,288	...	...	36,279	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	43,635	...	...	35,470	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	12,080	...	...	12,090	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	87,310	...	...	78,161	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	75,282	...	...	66,435	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	4,925	...	...	6,825	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	81,062	...	...	66,328	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	69,926	...	...	57,312	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	4,770	...	...	3,955	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	109,199	...	...	107,362	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	93,048	...	...	88,633	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,165	...	...	1,080	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,229	...	...	46,818	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,010	...	...	42,978	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	6,245	2,830	3,415	3,800	1,725	2,075
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	29,300	31,538	27,556	20,939	24,704	20,051
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	27,204	28,807	25,939	20,722	23,662	19,972
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	6,240	2,860	3,380	3,775	1,720	2,055
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	35,499	37,542	33,769	28,560	34,053	23,962
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	31,089	32,405	29,974	25,615	29,341	22,497
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	41,040	19,850	21,195	35,190	17,500	17,690
In the bottom half of the distribution	23,085	10,790	12,300	22,755	11,020	11,740
In the bottom decile	4,110	1,900	2,215	3,270	1,525	1,745
In the second decile	4,405	1,885	2,515	7,110	3,245	3,865
In the third decile	4,915	2,295	2,615	4,590	2,255	2,335
In the fourth decile	4,905	2,370	2,540	4,125	2,100	2,025
In the fifth decile	4,755	2,340	2,415	3,655	1,885	1,770
In the top half of the distribution	17,955	9,065	8,895	12,435	6,485	5,945
In the sixth decile	4,650	2,340	2,310	3,405	1,750	1,660
In the seventh decile	4,395	2,195	2,200	2,855	1,495	1,360
In the eighth decile	3,925	2,010	1,915	2,470	1,285	1,185
In the ninth decile	3,180	1,615	1,575	2,255	1,175	1,075
In the top decile	1,800	905	895	1,445	780	660
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	41,045	19,850	21,195	35,190	17,505	17,685
0 to 17 years	8,945	4,655	4,285	5,235	2,715	2,520
0 to 5 years	2,755	1,470	1,280	1,355	720	630
18 to 64 years	24,635	11,840	12,795	21,120	10,390	10,725
65 years and over	7,470	3,355	4,115	8,835	4,395	4,440
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	6,215	2,755	3,460	7,760	3,530	4,230
0 to 17 years	1,720	885	830	1,135	595	540
0 to 5 years	575	305	275	335	180	155
18 to 64 years	3,635	1,590	2,045	3,300	1,450	1,850
65 years and over	865	275	590	3,320	1,485	1,840
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.1	13.9	16.3	22.1	20.2	23.9
0 to 17 years (%)	19.2	19.0	19.4	21.7	21.9	21.4
0 to 5 years (%)	20.9	20.7	21.5	24.7	25.0	24.6
18 to 64 years (%)	14.8	13.4	16.0	15.6	14.0	17.2
65 years and over (%)	11.6	8.2	14.3	37.6	33.8	41.4
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	3,185	1,515	1,665	1,495	730	760
0 to 17 years	795	435	365	255	135	125
0 to 5 years	265	145	120	80	45	35
18 to 64 years	2,275	1,035	1,235	1,135	560	575
65 years and over	110	50	65	105	40	65
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	7.8	7.6	7.9	4.2	4.2	4.3
0 to 17 years (%)	8.9	9.3	8.5	4.9	5.0	5.0
0 to 5 years (%)	9.6	9.9	9.4	5.9	6.3	5.6
18 to 64 years (%)	9.2	8.7	9.7	5.4	5.4	5.4
65 years and over (%)	1.5	1.5	1.6	1.2	0.9	1.5
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	41,130	19,900	21,225	35,190	17,505	17,685
Official languages	41,055	19,865	21,190	35,175	17,495	17,685
English	41,045	19,865	21,175	35,170	17,490	17,685
French	2,060	885	1,170	365	125	240
Non-official languages	3,415	1,595	1,820	170	90	85
Aboriginal languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,410	1,595	1,815	175	90	85
Afro-Asiatic languages	120	45	75	35	20	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	120	40	80	35	20	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	55	15	35	30	25	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	25	10	20	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	40	20	20	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	350	190	165	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	135	65	70	0	0	0
Vietnamese	215	125	90	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	80	25	55	15	0	15
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	10	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	75	20	55	10	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,605	1,195	1,405	50	20	25
Albanian	40	15	30	0	0	0
Armenian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	560	290	270	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	560	290	270	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	200	105	95	0	0	0
Czech	60	35	25	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	210	105	110	0	0	0
Russian	25	0	25	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	15	10	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	75	25	45	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	980	430	545	20	10	10
Afrikaans	10	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	15	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	355	145	200	0	0	0
Frisian	10	0	10	0	0	0
German	585	265	320	20	10	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Greek	50	25	25	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	270	110	160	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	235	105	135	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	95	45	50	0	0	0
Hindi	105	40	60	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	55	25	35	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	70	35	35	0	0	0
Iranian languages	35	10	25	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	35	10	25	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	760	350	410	30	15	15
Catalan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	225	115	110	0	0	0
Portuguese	120	70	50	10	0	0
Romanian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Spanish	415	155	260	25	10	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	45	25	15	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	10	0	45	25	20
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	10	10	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	35	15	20
Swahili	10	10	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	15	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	55	15	40	20	15	10
American Sign Language	25	10	15	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	30	0	25	15	15	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	75	45	30	25	10	10
Chinese languages	55	25	25	25	10	10
Cantonese	20	10	15	0	10	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	30	15	15	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	20	15	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	20	20	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Lao	15	10	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	20	20	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	25	20	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	55	30	20	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	50	25	20	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	41,130	19,900	21,230	35,190	17,500	17,685
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	40,380	19,545	20,835	35,075	17,455	17,620
Canadian citizens aged under 18	8,970	4,675	4,295	5,240	2,720	2,515
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	31,410	14,875	16,535	29,830	14,730	15,105
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	750	350	400	120	50	65
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	41,125	19,900	21,230	35,190	17,500	17,690
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	37,235	18,030	19,205	34,975	17,400	17,580
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	3,795	1,830	1,965	180	90	90
Before 1981	2,180	1,035	1,145	80	35	45
1981 to 1990	650	335	315	20	10	15
1991 to 2000	360	165	190	10	0	0
2001 to 2010	420	215	205	20	15	10
2001 to 2005	260	115	140	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	160	95	65	15	15	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	190	75	110	45	20	25
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	100	40	55	40	15	20
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	3,795	1,825	1,965	180	85	85
Under 5 years	575	310	265	30	15	20
5 to 14 years	965	495	475	20	15	0
15 to 24 years	1,015	410	615	40	15	20
25 to 44 years	1,055	525	535	75	40	40
45 years and over	180	90	85	10	10	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	3,795	1,825	1,970	180	85	90
Americas	745	335	410	30	15	15
Brazil	0	0	10	10	10	0
Colombia	55	20	40	0	0	0
El Salvador	10	10	10	0	0	0
Guyana	15	0	10	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	55	20	30	0	0	0
Mexico	200	95	110	0	0	10
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	15	0	15	10	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	300	135	170	20	10	15
Other places of birth in Americas	90	50	45	0	0	0
Europe	2,290	1,135	1,155	70	30	40
Bosnia and Herzegovina	65	35	25	0	0	0
Croatia	80	40	40	0	0	0
France	25	10	10	0	0	0
Germany	185	85	100	0	10	0
Greece	25	15	10	0	0	0
Hungary	20	10	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	30	0	20	0	0	0
Italy	150	75	75	0	10	0
Netherlands	375	195	180	0	0	0
Poland	145	55	90	0	0	0
Portugal	60	40	20	0	0	0
Romania	35	20	20	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	30	10	25	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	835	415	420	50	20	30
Other places of birth in Europe	220	115	100	10	0	10
Africa	85	40	40	25	20	10
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	20	10	20	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	10	0	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	30	15	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	30	20	10	25	20	10
Asia	650	305	345	55	25	25
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	30	0	25	25	10	15
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	10	0	10	0	0	0
India	120	55	60	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	15	0	15	0	0	0
Iraq	20	10	10	15	10	0
Japan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	35	20	15	0	0	0
Pakistan	35	25	10	0	0	0
Philippines	75	25	50	10	0	10
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	135	80	55	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	165	85	80	0	10	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	20	10	15	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	190	75	115	45	20	25
Americas	65	20	40	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	15	0	15	0	0	0
Cuba	10	0	10	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	10	0	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	20	15	10	0	0	10
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	30	20	10	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	10	10	10	25	15	10
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	10	0	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	10	0	25	10	10
Asia	75	25	50	15	0	15
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	10	0	10	0	0	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	10	0	10
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	15	10	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	15	0	10	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	10	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	25	15	10	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Australia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	41,130	19,900	21,225	35,190	17,500	17,685
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	4,035	1,965	2,070	225	110	115
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	7,010	3,345	3,665	380	165	210
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	30,085	14,590	15,490	34,585	17,225	17,360
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	1,665	810	860	95	55	40
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	470	225	245	70	40	30
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	155	90	65	35	25	10
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	310	130	180	40	20	20
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	725	335	390	15	0	15
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	435	240	200	10	10	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	40	15	25	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	41,130	19,900	21,230	35,195	17,500	17,690
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	1,155	555	595	1,355	655	700
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	1,135	555	580	1,270	610	655
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	875	450	425	770	380	390
Métis	245	95	155	395	180	220
Inuk (Inuit)	15	15	0	95	50	40
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	10	0	0	10	10	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	10	0	10	75	35	40
Non-Aboriginal identity	39,980	19,340	20,640	33,835	16,845	16,990
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	41,130	19,900	21,230	35,190	17,505	17,690
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	440	190	245	545	275	275
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	40,690	19,710	20,980	34,645	17,230	17,415
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	41,130	19,900	21,230	35,190	17,505	17,685
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	150	80	75	740	420	315
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	150	80	75	725	410	315
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	135	70	60	470	270	205
Métis single ancestry	15	0	15	205	110	90
Inuit single ancestry	10	10	0	50	30	20
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	10
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	1,690	800	895	1,600	760	840
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	1,655	775	880	1,525	720	805
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,365	655	715	1,145	555	590
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	280	125	155	230	90	145
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	10	145	75	70
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	40	25	15	70	35	30
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	15	15	40	20	15
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	0	20	10	20
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	15	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	39,285	19,020	20,265	32,860	16,325	16,535
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	41,130	19,900	21,230	35,190	17,505	17,690
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	1,730	840	890	175	75	100
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	270	120	155	0	10	0
Chinese	80	30	50	50	20	30
Black	305	185	120	70	25	45
Filipino	145	55	90	25	10	15
Latin American	185	100	90	0	0	10
Arab	65	20	40	10	10	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	430	230	200	10	10	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	25	10	15	0	0	0
Korean	15	15	10	0	0	0
Japanese	40	10	25	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	55	25	25	10	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	120	45	70	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	39,400	19,060	20,340	35,015	17,430	17,585
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	41,125	19,900	21,230	35,190	17,500	17,690
North American Aboriginal origins	1,845	875	965	2,330	1,180	1,155
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,535	750	785	1,690	860	830
Inuit	25	10	10	240	130	110
Métis	315	135	185	490	235	250
Other North American origins	14,960	7,280	7,680	22,920	11,395	11,525
Acadian	40	25	10	0	0	0
American	525	255	270	55	25	30
Canadian	14,600	7,110	7,495	22,765	11,310	11,455
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	35	0	30	165	85	80
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Québécois	15	0	15	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	32,400	15,575	16,820	15,740	7,745	7,990
British Isles origins	24,060	11,420	12,640	15,260	7,520	7,740
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	16,000	7,505	8,495	13,195	6,505	6,690
Irish	8,520	3,925	4,605	2,970	1,440	1,525
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	10,185	4,835	5,350	1,205	600	605
Welsh	1,030	475	550	160	70	85
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	1,430	680	750	330	155	175
French origins	4,720	2,235	2,490	785	350	430
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	4,715	2,235	2,485	785	355	430
Western European origins (except French origins)	10,010	4,800	5,210	375	180	195
Austrian	240	90	150	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	480	260	215	0	0	0
Dutch	4,070	1,950	2,120	90	30	55
Flemish	35	10	30	10	0	0
Frisian	0	10	10	0	0	0
German	5,975	2,865	3,105	275	145	130
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	170	80	95	10	10	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	740	300	440	165	75	95
Danish	210	105	105	35	10	25
Finnish	65	30	40	15	0	10
Icelandic	30	0	20	0	0	0
Norwegian	220	85	130	50	10	35
Swedish	225	85	135	80	50	30
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	30	10	20	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	3,545	1,685	1,865	140	60	80
Bulgarian	30	20	10	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	125	60	60	10	10	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	105	45	65	0	0	0
Estonian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Hungarian	695	345	355	45	20	30
Latvian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	125	75	50	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	1,255	615	640	40	10	30
Romanian	240	95	145	0	0	0
Russian	385	170	215	35	20	10
Slovak	80	40	40	0	0	0
Ukrainian	850	415	430	20	10	20
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	3,195	1,580	1,615	60	30	25
Albanian	50	20	30	0	0	0
Bosnian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	410	225	180	10	10	10
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	220	115	105	0	0	0
Italian	1,345	655	690	15	15	0
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Maltese	335	170	170	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	475	250	225	35	25	10
Serbian	30	0	20	0	0	0
Sicilian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Slovenian	50	35	20	0	0	0
Spanish	280	115	165	10	0	10
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	130	75	55	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other European origins	170	75	90	30	15	15
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	75	30	45	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	85	45	40	30	15	15
Caribbean origins	260	140	120	0	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bermudan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	135	80	50	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	50	30	25	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	30	10	25	0	0	10
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	585	235	355	10	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	10	0	10	10	0	10
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Chilean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Colombian	110	30	75	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	25	10	10	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	40	25	15	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	330	120	210	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	25	10	10	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	50	0	45	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	10	10	10	0	0	0
African origins	315	145	170	60	25	35
Central and West African origins	20	15	0	10	0	10
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	10	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	20	10	0	10	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	50	20	30	10	0	10
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	30	15	15	10	0	10
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	95	45	50	40	15	20
Afrikaner	10	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	80	35	40	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	35	15	20
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	150	65	85	20	10	10
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	20	10	20	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	130	60	70	20	0	10
Asian origins	1,335	615	725	140	70	70
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	275	115	160	55	30	25
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	15	10	10	25	15	10
Armenian	40	10	35	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	40	15	25	10	0	0
Iraqi	20	10	10	20	10	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	120	60	60	10	0	10
Palestinian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	25	15	10	10	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	295	135	165	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	270	120	145	10	10	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	25	10	15	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	20	10	15	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	770	370	405	80	30	45
Burmese	20	15	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	160	70	90	0	0	0
Chinese	115	55	65	50	20	30
Filipino	160	55	100	20	10	15
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	40	15	25	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	20	10	0	0	0	0
Laotian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Malaysian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	10	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	250	135	115	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	10	0	0	0	10	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Oceania origins	55	20	35	10	0	10
Australian	45	20	25	10	0	10
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	10	0	10	0	0	0
Fijian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	17,630	...	...	15,585	...	...
Owner	12,230	...	...	13,615	...	...
Renter	5,410	...	...	1,970	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	17,635	...	...	15,585	...	...
Condominium	445	...	...	95	...	...
Not condominium	17,190	...	...	15,490	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	17,635	...	...	15,590	...	...
No bedrooms	35	...	...	15	...	...
1 bedroom	1,900	...	...	400	...	...
2 bedrooms	4,315	...	...	4,070	...	...
3 bedrooms	7,715	...	...	7,630	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,675	...	...	3,465	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	17,630	...	...	15,585	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	3,140	...	...	1,860	...	...
5 rooms	2,520	...	...	2,540	...	...
6 rooms	2,815	...	...	2,870	...	...
7 rooms	2,905	...	...	2,710	...	...
8 or more rooms	6,255	...	...	5,610	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.7	...	...	7.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	17,635	...	...	15,585	...	...
One person or fewer per room	17,565	...	...	15,565	...	...
More than 1 person per room	70	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	17,635	...	...	15,585	...	...
Suitable	17,225	...	...	15,390	...	...
Not suitable	415	...	...	195	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	17,635	...	...	15,585	...	...
1960 or before	6,185	...	...	3,260	...	...
1961 to 1980	4,610	...	...	5,780	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,330	...	...	2,880	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,825	...	...	1,870	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,355	...	...	495	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,450	...	...	640	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	875	...	...	655	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	17,630	...	...	15,585	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	16,390	...	...	14,255	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,245	...	...	1,330	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	17,635	...	...	15,590	...	...
1 household maintainer	10,530	...	...	9,925	...	...
2 household maintainers	6,865	...	...	5,570	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	235	...	...	90	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	17,635	...	...	15,585	...	...
15 to 24 years	435	...	...	180	...	...
25 to 34 years	2,265	...	...	1,040	...	...
35 to 44 years	3,090	...	...	1,935	...	...
45 to 54 years	3,350	...	...	2,960	...	...
55 to 64 years	3,530	...	...	3,815	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,920	...	...	3,445	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,515	...	...	1,760	...	...
85 years and over	530	...	...	450	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	17,620	...	...	15,575	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	13,615	...	...	13,715	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	4,005	...	...	1,860	...	...
30% to less than 100%	3,670	...	...	1,750	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	12,210	...	...	13,610	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	66.4	...	...	28.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	13.1	...	...	7.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,068	...	...	424	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,104	...	...	571	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	203,229	...	...	100,157	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	226,634	...	...	137,226	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	5,405	...	...	1,970	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	16.2	...	...	21.3	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	44.5	...	...	39.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	765	...	...	674	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	800	...	...	673	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	33,605	15,955	17,650	31,090	15,355	15,735
No certificate, diploma or degree	7,015	3,605	3,410	11,970	5,990	5,980
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	10,445	5,265	5,180	7,980	3,330	4,650
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	16,145	7,090	9,055	11,135	6,035	5,095
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,525	1,765	765	3,860	2,820	1,045
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,310	765	545	2,150	1,430	725
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,220	995	220	1,705	1,390	315
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	9,525	3,720	5,805	5,085	2,260	2,825
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	370	155	215	510	205	310
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	3,725	1,455	2,270	1,685	755	925
Bachelor's degree	2,820	1,095	1,720	1,175	525	650
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	340	120	220	85	25	60
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	40	25	15	25	20	10
Master's degree	485	185	300	390	190	195
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	45	30	15	10	0	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	21,710	10,245	11,465	19,220	9,420	9,800
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,635	1,435	1,200	5,645	2,990	2,655
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	6,715	3,585	3,135	5,200	2,130	3,075
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,360	5,225	7,135	8,370	4,300	4,070
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,635	1,135	500	2,805	2,050	755
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	850	495	350	1,635	1,115	525
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	790	640	150	1,165	930	235
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	7,525	2,905	4,620	4,045	1,705	2,350
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	280	125	155	285	115	160
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	2,915	1,055	1,860	1,240	435	805
Bachelor's degree	2,225	805	1,420	855	290	565
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	260	80	180	60	25	40
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	25	10	15	15	15	0
Master's degree	375	135	240	295	110	185
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	30	25	10	10	0	10
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	33,605	15,955	17,645	31,085	15,355	15,735
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	17,460	8,870	8,595	19,950	9,320	10,630
Education	940	270	670	1,105	380	725
13. Education	940	275	670	1,105	380	720
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	515	210	305	95	55	35
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	115	90	25	35	25	10
50. Visual and performing arts	400	120	275	60	30	30
Humanities	660	275	385	295	170	130
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	10	0	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	130	40	90	20	15	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	160	50	100	25	10	20
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	70	40	25	35	15	15
39. Theology and religious vocations	90	60	35	200	120	75
54. History	160	75	85	15	10	10
55. French language and literature/letters	35	0	30	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,660	415	1,240	310	65	250
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	0	15	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	80	30	45	20	10	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	520	40	480	125	10	120
22. Legal professions and studies	305	55	250	35	0	25
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	20	0	20	10	0	0
42. Psychology	235	60	170	50	10	40
45. Social sciences	485	235	250	80	35	50
Business, management and public administration	2,840	845	1,995	1,790	220	1,570
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	10	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	310	60	245	85	20	60
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,520	770	1,745	1,710	205	1,505
Physical and life sciences and technologies	295	125	175	120	70	45
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	135	60	75	40	20	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	55	15	45	20	10	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	50	45	10	45	35	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	45	10	40	15	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	425	285	140	190	70	130
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	335	240	90	170	60	110
25. Library science	25	0	25	15	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	60	40	20	10	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,410	3,175	235	3,410	3,230	180
04. Architecture and related services	80	45	35	0	0	0
14. Engineering	190	150	40	105	105	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	925	830	90	540	450	95
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	575	565	0	1,155	1,140	15
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	925	895	25	1,030	995	30
48. Precision production	720	680	40	575	535	40
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	295	200	95	200	145	55
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	200	140	60	80	35	50
03. Natural resources and conservation	90	65	30	120	110	10
Health and related fields	3,665	575	3,095	1,600	215	1,385
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	220	90	135	65	45	15
51. Health professions and related programs	3,435	475	2,960	1,530	155	1,370
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	15	10	0	0	10	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,425	700	715	2,015	1,420	595
12. Personal and culinary services	695	155	545	645	100	550
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	0	0	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	485	325	160	60	50	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	230	220	15	1,305	1,265	40
Other	10	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	10	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	21,710	10,245	11,465	19,220	9,420	9,800
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	9,355	5,020	4,335	10,845	5,115	5,730
Education	625	180	445	665	180	490
13. Education	625	185	445	670	180	490
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	390	135	255	70	40	30
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	75	50	25	20	15	10
50. Visual and performing arts	310	85	225	50	25	25
Humanities	460	185	280	175	70	100
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	10	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	100	35	70	10	10	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	95	35	65	15	0	15
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	40	10	25	10	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	65	40	25	130	65	60
54. History	120	60	60	10	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	30	0	30	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,385	295	1,090	255	40	215
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	0	20	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	60	20	45	10	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	450	25	425	105	0	100
22. Legal professions and studies	285	40	240	35	10	30
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	15	0	15	10	0	10
42. Psychology	165	40	120	40	10	30
45. Social sciences	395	175	220	65	25	40
Business, management and public administration	2,200	590	1,610	1,525	160	1,365
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	10	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	265	50	215	75	15	65
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,930	530	1,390	1,450	145	1,305
Physical and life sciences and technologies	250	105	150	80	40	40
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	115	50	65	25	15	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	50	10	40	15	10	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	40	35	10	25	20	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	40	10	30	15	0	15
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	345	245	105	160	65	100
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	290	220	75	150	55	100
25. Library science	10	0	0	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	35	20	15	10	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,620	2,445	185	2,370	2,235	130
04. Architecture and related services	70	45	30	0	10	0
14. Engineering	150	125	25	70	70	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	755	675	80	410	330	85
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	410	410	0	795	795	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	665	650	20	710	675	30
48. Precision production	565	540	25	385	365	20
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	185	125	55	160	115	40
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	115	75	40	70	30	30
03. Natural resources and conservation	70	50	20	90	85	10
Health and related fields	2,765	390	2,375	1,245	170	1,080
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	180	70	105	50	35	10
51. Health professions and related programs	2,580	315	2,265	1,190	120	1,065
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	10	10	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,125	535	590	1,670	1,190	475
12. Personal and culinary services	540	110	425	525	80	440
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	0	0	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	405	260	140	35	25	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	180	165	15	1,105	1,075	30
Other	10	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	33,605	15,955	17,645	31,085	15,355	15,735
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	17,460	8,870	8,595	19,955	9,320	10,635
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	16,145	7,085	9,055	11,135	6,040	5,095
Location of study inside Canada	15,230	6,635	8,590	10,995	5,940	5,055
Same as province or territory of residence	14,595	6,355	8,240	9,640	5,235	4,405
Different than province or territory of residence	630	275	355	1,355	705	650
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	915	460	460	140	95	45
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	270	140	130	60	50	10
Philippines	45	10	40	10	0	10
India	40	15	20	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	190	125	60	25	20	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	0	10	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other	375	160	210	40	20	25
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	21,715	10,250	11,465	19,215	9,420	9,800
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	9,355	5,020	4,335	10,845	5,115	5,730
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	12,360	5,230	7,130	8,370	4,300	4,070
Location of study inside Canada	11,760	4,970	6,790	8,280	4,250	4,025
Same as province or territory of residence	11,360	4,795	6,565	7,280	3,820	3,460
Different than province or territory of residence	405	175	220	995	430	565
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	595	255	340	90	50	40
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	205	95	105	25	15	10
Philippines	45	0	35	0	0	0
India	15	0	15	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	100	60	40	15	15	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	10	0	10	10	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other	235	85	145	40	20	25
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	33,600	15,955	17,650	31,090	15,355	15,735
In the labour force	20,790	10,525	10,265	15,110	8,390	6,725
Employed	19,485	9,855	9,630	10,560	5,475	5,085
Unemployed	1,305	665	635	4,550	2,910	1,640
Not in the labour force	12,815	5,435	7,380	15,975	6,965	9,010
Participation rate	61.9	66.0	58.2	48.6	54.6	42.7
Employment rate	58.0	61.8	54.6	34.0	35.7	32.3
Unemployment rate	6.3	6.3	6.2	30.1	34.7	24.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	33,605	15,955	17,645	31,085	15,355	15,735
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	12,435	5,330	7,105	13,815	5,840	7,980
Worked	21,170	10,625	10,545	17,275	9,520	7,755
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	11,940	6,635	5,305	4,610	2,295	2,320
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	9,230	3,990	5,240	12,665	7,230	5,435
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.8	44.2	43.4	31.4	30.6	32.4
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	20,790	10,520	10,270	15,110	8,385	6,725
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	445	220	225	305	150	150
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	20,340	10,300	10,040	14,805	8,235	6,570
Employee	18,830	9,425	9,405	13,835	7,590	6,245
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	1,510	870	635	970	645	325
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	20,790	10,520	10,265	15,110	8,390	6,725
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	445	220	225	305	155	150
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	20,340	10,300	10,040	14,805	8,235	6,570
0 Management occupations	1,625	995	630	890	480	415
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,705	710	1,995	1,075	230	845
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	765	630	130	465	390	80
3 Health occupations	1,615	235	1,375	830	115	705
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,280	640	1,645	1,755	300	1,450
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	385	145	245	120	40	75
6 Sales and service occupations	4,965	1,810	3,150	2,830	850	1,980
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	3,500	3,275	220	3,905	3,700	205
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	320	250	65	1,845	1,540	310
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,185	1,605	580	1,090	595	490
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	20,790	10,520	10,265	15,110	8,385	6,725
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	445	220	230	300	155	150
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	20,340	10,300	10,040	14,805	8,235	6,570
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	230	150	80	1,365	1,065	305
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	25	20	0	965	915	45
22 Utilities	150	105	45	45	50	0
23 Construction	1,290	1,140	155	2,190	2,020	170
31-33 Manufacturing	3,595	2,745	850	1,475	860	615
41 Wholesale trade	555	395	160	200	130	65
44-45 Retail trade	2,425	1,060	1,365	1,695	655	1,040
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,115	885	230	800	615	190
51 Information and cultural industries	260	155	105	75	25	55
52 Finance and insurance	625	240	385	145	20	125
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	325	155	170	75	60	15
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	830	380	455	220	125	95
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	10	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,135	645	490	465	295	165
61 Educational services	1,310	375	940	625	210	415
62 Health care and social assistance	2,955	430	2,525	2,085	245	1,840
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	335	140	190	130	80	50
72 Accommodation and food services	1,465	445	1,020	865	180	680
81 Other services (except public administration)	885	420	465	700	295	405
91 Public administration	820	405	410	670	375	295
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	19,485	9,860	9,630	10,560	5,480	5,080
Worked at home	860	445	410	575	270	305
Worked outside Canada	50	30	20	10	10	0
No fixed workplace address	2,035	1,420	620	1,865	1,525	340
Worked at usual place	16,540	7,955	8,585	8,110	3,680	4,435
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	16,545	7,955	8,585	8,110	3,680	4,440
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	7,970	3,295	4,675	4,020	1,475	2,540
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,110	1,050	1,060	1,985	870	1,115
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	6,450	3,610	2,835	1,610	870	740
Commute to a different province or territory	15	10	10	500	465	40
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	18,580	9,375	9,205	9,980	5,205	4,780
Car, truck, van - as a driver	15,555	7,980	7,570	7,920	3,935	3,985
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,455	665	785	715	365	355
Public transit	175	30	140	245	220	30
Walked	1,005	435	565	470	140	330
Bicycle	260	185	70	0	0	0
Other method	145	70	70	625	540	80
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	18,580	9,375	9,205	9,975	5,200	4,780
Less than 15 minutes	8,435	3,655	4,780	4,895	1,965	2,930
15 to 29 minutes	4,790	2,520	2,265	2,220	1,305	910
30 to 44 minutes	3,650	2,025	1,630	1,135	760	370
45 to 59 minutes	1,050	645	400	730	410	320
60 minutes and over	655	525	125	1,005	765	240
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	18,580	9,375	9,205	9,975	5,200	4,780
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,300	890	410	850	705	150
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	4,135	2,665	1,470	1,620	1,250	370
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	4,470	1,965	2,505	2,455	1,335	1,115
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,170	1,065	2,105	2,500	850	1,650
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,605	575	1,035	1,150	225	925
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	3,895	2,220	1,675	1,410	840	570
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	21,925	10,975	10,945	17,725	9,715	8,005
Single responses	21,810	10,945	10,865	17,705	9,715	7,990
Official languages	21,785	10,945	10,845	17,700	9,710	7,990
English	21,725	10,930	10,800	17,685	9,700	7,985
French	60	15	50	10	10	0
Non-official languages	25	0	20	10	10	10
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	20	0	20	10	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	115	30	80	20	0	15
English and French	50	10	45	20	0	20
English and non-official language	55	20	30	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	21,925	10,975	10,950	17,725	9,720	8,010
None	21,565	10,830	10,735	17,660	9,675	7,985
English	55	10	50	0	0	0
French	175	85	95	50	30	25
Non-official language	125	55	70	10	10	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	120	55	65	10	10	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	40,665	19,640	21,020	34,995	17,395	17,605
Non-movers	35,695	17,270	18,425	32,800	16,320	16,480
Movers	4,965	2,375	2,595	2,195	1,075	1,120
Non-migrants	2,940	1,375	1,560	820	400	420
Migrants	2,035	995	1,030	1,370	670	700
Internal migrants	1,945	950	995	1,365	665	695
Intraprovincial migrants	1,810	900	905	860	410	455
Interprovincial migrants	140	50	90	505	265	240
External migrants	85	50	35	10	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	38,880	18,650	20,230	34,140	16,930	17,210
Non-movers	23,525	11,490	12,030	27,330	13,600	13,735
Movers	15,360	7,160	8,200	6,805	3,330	3,475
Non-migrants	8,985	4,095	4,890	2,675	1,285	1,385
Migrants	6,375	3,065	3,310	4,130	2,045	2,090
Internal migrants	6,150	2,960	3,190	4,090	2,020	2,070
Intraprovincial migrants	5,840	2,810	3,025	2,505	1,185	1,325
Interprovincial migrants	310	150	160	1,585	840	740
External migrants	225	110	120	45	25	20

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. St. Thomas [Population centre], Ontario and Division No. 8, CDR [Census division], Newfoundland and Labrador (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 18, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
St. Thomas [Population centre], Ontario and Division No. 8, Census division [Census division], Newfoundland and Labrador

Census Profile, 2016 Census St. Thomas [Population centre], Ontario and Division No. 8, Census division [Census division], Newfoundland and Labrador

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
St. Thomas [Population centre], Ontario and Division No. 8, Census division [Census division], Newfoundland and Labrador