Census Profile, 2016 Census
Saint-Jérôme [Population centre], Quebec and Oakview, Rural municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Saint-Jérôme Quebec [Population centre]			Oakview, RM Manitoba [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Saint-Jérôme [Population centre], Quebec Map : Saint-Jérôme [Population centre], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Oakview, Rural municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	77,146	...	...	1,626	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	69,598 ^r	...	...	1,513^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	10.8	...	...	7.5	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	35,952	...	...	659	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	34,285	...	...	625	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,199.8	...	...	1.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	64.30	...	...	1,147.33	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	77,135	37,365	39,775	1,625	845	780
0 to 14 years	12,210	6,295	5,920	315	170	145
0 to 4 years	4,120	2,105	2,015	95	50	50
5 to 9 years	4,285	2,210	2,080	120	65	55
10 to 14 years	3,800	1,975	1,820	95	55	40
15 to 64 years	49,290	24,360	24,930	1,055	550	510
15 to 19 years	4,010	1,995	2,015	85	40	45
20 to 24 years	4,835	2,455	2,385	100	60	40
25 to 29 years	4,705	2,375	2,335	95	45	50
30 to 34 years	4,610	2,340	2,265	105	50	55
35 to 39 years	4,855	2,465	2,385	80	40	40
40 to 44 years	4,620	2,270	2,345	75	35	35
45 to 49 years	4,720	2,320	2,400	100	50	50
50 to 54 years	5,790	2,825	2,965	130	60	75
55 to 59 years	5,910	2,870	3,040	165	100	70
60 to 64 years	5,235	2,445	2,790	125	60	60
65 years and over	15,635	6,710	8,925	255	135	125
65 to 69 years	4,640	2,105	2,530	100	50	55
70 to 74 years	3,960	1,795	2,165	60	40	20
75 to 79 years	2,925	1,295	1,630	40	15	25
80 to 84 years	2,090	895	1,195	25	15	15
85 years and over	2,020	625	1,400	25	15	15
85 to 89 years	1,295	445	850	15	5	10
90 to 94 years	605	135	475	10	5	5
95 to 99 years	110	45	65	5	5	0
100 years and over	10	0	10	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.8	16.8	14.9	19.4	20.1	18.6
15 to 64 years	63.9	65.2	62.7	64.9	65.1	65.4
65 years and over	20.3	18.0	22.4	15.7	16.0	16.0
85 years and over	2.6	1.7	3.5	1.5	1.8	1.9
Average age of the population	42.8	41.3	44.2	40.6	40.4	40.8
Median age of the population	43.6	41.6	45.5	42.3	41.9	42.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	34,285	...	...	625	...	...
Single-detached house	13,710	...	...	570	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,165	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	19,370	...	...	15	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,365	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	520	...	...	5	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	4,105	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	13,190	...	...	10	...	...
Other single-attached house	190	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	40	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	34,285	...	...	625	...	...
1 person	12,145	...	...	140	...	...
2 persons	12,195	...	...	280	...	...
3 persons	4,645	...	...	70	...	...
4 persons	3,605	...	...	80	...	...
5 or more persons	1,700	...	...	60	...	...
Number of persons in private households	74,085	...	...	1,540	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	64,925	31,075	33,855	1,310	675	635
Married or living common law	34,725	17,400	17,325	905	450	455
Married	18,075	9,105	8,975	785	395	390
Living common law	16,650	8,295	8,355	125	60	65
Not married and not living common law	30,205	13,675	16,525	405	225	180
Never married	18,800	10,050	8,745	270	170	105
Separated	1,030	450	585	30	10	10
Divorced	5,830	2,110	3,720	60	35	30
Widowed	4,540	1,065	3,480	45	15	35
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	21,070	...	...	480	...	...
2 persons	11,920	...	...	280	...	...
3 persons	4,390	...	...	70	...	...
4 persons	3,400	...	...	70	...	...
5 or more persons	1,360	...	...	55	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	21,065	...	...	480	...	...
Total couple families	16,885	...	...	435	...	...
Married couples	8,620	...	...	370	...	...
Common-law couples	8,265	...	...	60	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	4,185	...	...	50	...	...
Female parent	3,160	...	...	35	...	...
Male parent	1,025	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	16,885	...	...	430	...	...
Couples without children	9,275	...	...	250	...	...
Couples with children	7,610	...	...	185	...	...
1 child	3,220	...	...	60	...	...
2 children	3,115	...	...	70	...	...
3 or more children	1,285	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	4,185	...	...	50	...	...
1 child	2,650	...	...	30	...	...
2 children	1,170	...	...	10	...	...
3 or more children	370	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	16,260	7,650	8,605	190	125	60
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	34,285	...	...	625	...	...
One-census-family households	20,585	...	...	470	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	9,080	...	...	250	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	11,510	...	...	220	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	240	...	...	5	...	...
Non-census-family households	13,460	...	...	150	...	...
One-person households	12,145	...	...	140	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	1,315	...	...	15	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	75,695	36,700	38,995	1,625	850	775
English only	215	115	100	1,585	835	750
French only	47,300	21,395	25,910	0	0	0
English and French	27,950	15,070	12,875	35	10	25
Neither English nor French	230	120	105	5	0	5
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	75,695	36,700	38,995	1,630	850	775
English	1,480	785	695	1,615	840	770
French	73,460	35,540	37,920	5	5	0
English and French	530	265	270	5	0	0
Neither English nor French	225	120	105	5	5	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	1,750	915	835	5	5	0
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	2.3	2.5	2.1	0.3	0.6	0.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	75,690	36,700	38,990	1,630	850	775
Single responses	74,885	36,285	38,600	1,625	850	780
Official languages	72,535	35,150	37,390	1,455	765	690
English	1,205	650	555	1,450	765	685
French	71,330	34,500	36,835	5	5	0
Non-official languages	2,345	1,135	1,205	170	85	90
Aboriginal languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,335	1,130	1,205	170	80	90
Afro-Asiatic languages	275	150	130	0	0	0
Berber languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Kabyle	15	10	5	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	250	140	115	0	0	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	250	135	115	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	60	30	35	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	35	15	15	0	0	0
Vietnamese	30	15	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	0	10	5	0	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	10	5	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	5	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	95	45	40	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	85	45	45	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,590	760	825	170	80	85
Albanian	85	45	40	0	0	0
Armenian	10	10	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	150	65	85	10	10	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	150	65	85	15	5	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	15	10	5	5	0	5
Czech	5	0	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	30	20	15	0	0	0
Russian	70	30	40	0	0	0
Serbian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	0	10	5	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	5	5	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	55	25	25	140	70	70
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dutch	5	5	5	35	20	20
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	35	15	15	105	50	55
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	5	0	0	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	40	30	15	5	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	110	55	60	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	105	50	55	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	105	50	55	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,135	535	600	5	5	0
Catalan	0	0	5	0	0	0
Italian	125	75	45	5	0	0
Portuguese	115	65	55	0	0	0
Romanian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Spanish	850	380	475	5	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	5	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	135	65	70	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	5	5	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	15	10	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	30	10	20	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	25	10	15	0	0	0
Wolof	5	5	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	5	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	90	40	50	0	0	0
Chinese languages	90	40	50	5	0	5
Cantonese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	55	20	30	0	0	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	5	10	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	10	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Lao	15	10	5	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	20	5	15	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	20	5	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	810	415	395	5	0	0
English and French	510	255	255	0	0	0
English and non-official language	50	30	20	0	0	0
French and non-official language	205	110	95	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	40	20	20	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	75,690	36,700	38,990	1,630	845	775
Single responses	74,485	36,100	38,390	1,615	840	770
Official languages	73,370	35,575	37,795	1,500	790	710
English	1,005	535	465	1,495	790	705
French	72,365	35,035	37,330	0	5	0
Non-official languages	1,120	530	595	110	50	60
Aboriginal languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,115	525	595	110	55	60
Afro-Asiatic languages	125	60	65	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	5	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	125	60	65	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	120	65	60	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	30	15	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	15	10	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	10	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	5	5	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	805	370	440	110	55	60
Albanian	55	30	25	0	0	0
Armenian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	55	25	30	10	5	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	50	20	30	10	5	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Russian	30	15	20	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	5	100	50	55
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	15	5	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	85	40	45
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	5	5	5	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	90	45	50	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	90	40	45	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	90	40	50	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	595	270	330	5	5	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Portuguese	25	15	10	0	0	0
Romanian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Spanish	530	235	295	0	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	45	20	25	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	0	5	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	5	5	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	20	10	10	0	0	0
Wolof	5	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	55	30	25	5	0	5
Chinese languages	55	30	25	0	0	5
Cantonese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	30	15	15	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Lao	5	0	5	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,205	600	605	15	5	10
English and French	555	285	270	0	0	0
English and non-official language	55	20	35	10	5	5
French and non-official language	500	245	255	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	90	50	45	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	75,690	36,700	38,995	1,625	850	780
None	70,045	33,780	36,265	1,550	805	740
English	3,660	1,955	1,705	40	20	20
French	990	475	515	0	0	5
Non-official language	805	390	415	35	15	15
Aboriginal	5	5	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	805	385	415	35	15	20
English and French	40	15	20	0	0	0
English and non-official language	90	50	40	0	0	0
French and non-official language	60	30	25	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	61,915	29,835	32,075	1,240	655	590
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	60,105	28,975	31,125	1,210	640	570
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,619	36,723	25,750	34,731	39,680	29,248
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	60,120	28,980	31,140	1,210	640	575
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,698	32,253	24,038	30,592	34,645	26,240
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	51,870	25,760	26,110	1,150	625	530
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,815	34,569	22,307	31,539	35,840	25,280
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	47,865	21,620	26,240	850	405	445
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,273	7,443	8,893	5,216	4,064	5,664
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	41,975	21,645	20,335	1,045	580	465
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,556	34,700	25,154	30,400	34,816	25,056
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	62,090	29,885	32,205	1,245	655	595
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	60,330	29,025	31,300	1,225	645	575
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,635	43,832	31,887	38,729	44,636	32,067
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	60,335	29,030	31,300	1,220	645	575
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,587	35,898	27,589	32,045	36,245	27,308
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	51,975	25,740	26,245	1,160	635	525
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,210	42,296	28,261	35,721	41,198	29,134
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	48,130	21,640	26,490	900	435	465
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,149	8,500	9,679	6,532	6,504	6,558
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	42,020	21,710	20,315	1,045	580	460
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,051	41,235	30,511	33,266	37,316	28,168
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	62,090	29,885	32,205	1,250	655	595
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	17,795	9,725	8,070	525	345	175
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	43,913	50,227	39,213	39,440	41,875	38,194
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	50,023	55,937	42,897	43,179	45,709	38,329
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	80.8	85.7	74.6	87.2	90.1	83.0
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	66.7	70.2	62.2	76.8	80.1	71.9
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	19.2	14.3	25.4	12.4	9.6	16.4
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	61,910	29,835	32,080	1,245	650	585
Without total income	1,810	855	950	30	15	15
With total income	60,100	28,975	31,125	1,210	640	570
Percentage with total income	97.1	97.1	97.0	97.2	98.5	97.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	6,970	2,965	4,000	150	70	80
$10,000 to $19,999	12,415	4,690	7,725	210	95	115
$20,000 to $29,999	10,160	4,245	5,915	165	75	90
$30,000 to $39,999	8,295	3,930	4,365	175	90	85
$40,000 to $49,999	6,945	3,430	3,515	170	90	80
$50,000 to $59,999	4,950	2,805	2,145	100	65	35
$60,000 to $69,999	3,175	1,945	1,225	90	55	30
$70,000 to $79,999	2,615	1,610	1,005	55	35	20
$80,000 to $89,999	1,585	1,055	530	30	25	5
$90,000 to $99,999	975	720	255	25	15	10
$100,000 and over	2,030	1,580	450	40	25	15
$100,000 to $149,999	1,515	1,165	350	30	20	10
$150,000 and over	515	415	100	10	10	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	61,910	29,835	32,080	1,240	655	585
Without after-tax income	1,795	855	940	30	15	15
With after-tax income	60,120	28,980	31,140	1,215	640	570
Percentage with after-tax income	97.1	97.1	97.1	98.0	97.7	97.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	7,270	3,030	4,235	155	65	85
$10,000 to $19,999	13,095	5,020	8,075	225	100	125
$20,000 to $29,999	12,215	5,265	6,950	210	95	115
$30,000 to $39,999	10,355	5,115	5,235	235	125	110
$40,000 to $49,999	7,355	4,090	3,265	160	90	70
$50,000 to $59,999	4,350	2,645	1,705	110	75	35
$60,000 to $69,999	2,685	1,720	970	55	35	10
$70,000 to $79,999	1,205	875	330	35	20	15
$80,000 and over	1,595	1,225	370	30	20	15
$80,000 to $89,999	615	465	150	15	10	5
$90,000 to $99,999	305	240	65	5	5	5
$100,000 and over	675	525	155	10	10	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	61,915	29,835	32,075	1,245	655	590
Without employment income	19,935	8,190	11,745	200	75	125
With employment income	41,980	21,645	20,330	1,040	575	465
Percentage with employment income	67.8	72.5	63.4	83.5	87.8	78.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	5,750	3,045	2,705	150	85	70
$5,000 to $9,999	3,260	1,355	1,910	95	40	55
$10,000 to $19,999	6,650	2,785	3,860	145	80	70
$20,000 to $29,999	5,540	2,455	3,085	120	55	65
$30,000 to $39,999	5,450	2,550	2,905	140	75	65
$40,000 to $49,999	4,210	2,170	2,045	120	70	55
$50,000 to $59,999	3,225	1,895	1,335	80	50	30
$60,000 to $69,999	2,310	1,435	875	70	45	20
$70,000 to $79,999	2,075	1,265	805	45	35	10
$80,000 and over	3,505	2,700	805	75	50	20
$80,000 to $89,999	1,235	890	340	25	20	5
$90,000 to $99,999	760	600	160	20	10	5
$100,000 and over	1,515	1,210	305	30	20	10
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	34,285	...	...	625	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	52,861	...	...	67,328	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	46,967	...	...	58,240	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	12,145	...	...	140	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,086	...	...	36,032	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	25,240	...	...	31,808	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	22,140	...	...	485	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	72,880	...	...	79,616	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	62,999	...	...	66,731	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	34,280	...	...	625	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	66,232	...	...	75,729	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	55,591	...	...	62,659	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	12,100	...	...	125	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,423	...	...	33,416	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,366	...	...	28,302	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	22,180	...	...	500	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	83,583	...	...	86,343	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	69,897	...	...	71,278	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	34,285	...	...	625	...	...
Under $5,000	285	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	630	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,475	...	...	15	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,150	...	...	30	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,195	...	...	20	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,735	...	...	15	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,055	...	...	35	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,065	...	...	30	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,860	...	...	30	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,715	...	...	25	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,115	...	...	50	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,510	...	...	60	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,230	...	...	50	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,915	...	...	45	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,720	...	...	35	...	...
$100,000 and over	6,625	...	...	165	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,805	...	...	75	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,695	...	...	40	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,450	...	...	25	...	...
$200,000 and over	685	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	34,285	...	...	625	...	...
Under $5,000	310	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	635	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,475	...	...	15	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,255	...	...	30	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,540	...	...	15	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,015	...	...	30	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,555	...	...	40	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,385	...	...	40	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,105	...	...	35	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,095	...	...	30	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,435	...	...	70	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,870	...	...	70	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,375	...	...	50	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,935	...	...	50	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,380	...	...	40	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,905	...	...	90	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,230	...	...	55	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	920	...	...	20	...	...
$150,000 and over	760	...	...	20	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	21,150	...	...	480	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	73,312	...	...	77,184	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	63,238	...	...	65,792	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	8,900	...	...	245	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	64,550	...	...	72,448	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	56,177	...	...	62,592	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	7,665	...	...	185	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	102,086	...	...	96,256	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	86,027	...	...	81,920	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	4,050	...	...	45	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,264	...	...	40,192	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	44,659	...	...	36,523	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	21,165	...	...	480	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	84,110	...	...	85,465	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	70,192	...	...	70,492	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	8,780	...	...	250	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	74,872	...	...	81,411	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	62,255	...	...	67,880	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	7,790	...	...	180	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	111,361	...	...	101,182	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	91,848	...	...	81,495	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,050	...	...	50	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	54,003	...	...	48,320	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,304	...	...	42,494	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	14,925	7,055	7,865	170	115	55
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	25,623	28,484	23,870	37,760	42,368	27,680
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	24,121	26,048	23,046	31,957	34,688	23,872
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	14,900	6,965	7,940	175	110	65
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	32,915	35,554	30,600	35,768	40,657	27,625
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	28,203	29,767	26,830	30,207	33,178	25,259
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	74,090	36,100	37,985	1,540	815	730
In the bottom half of the distribution	46,515	21,920	24,595	885	450	435
In the bottom decile	7,880	3,715	4,160	135	75	65
In the second decile	9,775	4,210	5,560	200	95	105
In the third decile	9,975	4,655	5,320	210	100	105
In the fourth decile	10,050	4,910	5,140	170	90	80
In the fifth decile	8,830	4,420	4,410	170	85	85
In the top half of the distribution	27,575	14,185	13,390	650	365	290
In the sixth decile	8,270	4,180	4,085	185	100	85
In the seventh decile	7,225	3,705	3,520	170	90	80
In the eighth decile	5,870	3,060	2,815	115	65	50
In the ninth decile	3,980	2,070	1,915	135	75	55
In the top decile	2,230	1,170	1,060	50	25	25
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	74,090	36,105	37,985	1,540	815	725
0 to 17 years	14,485	7,420	7,060	345	180	160
0 to 5 years	4,940	2,520	2,420	120	60	60
18 to 64 years	46,435	22,805	23,630	950	505	445
65 years and over	13,170	5,880	7,290	245	125	120
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	12,485	5,505	6,980	255	130	130
0 to 17 years	2,475	1,250	1,230	80	40	40
0 to 5 years	870	425	445	25	15	15
18 to 64 years	7,145	3,325	3,830	125	65	55
65 years and over	2,860	935	1,925	55	25	30
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	16.9	15.2	18.4	16.6	16.0	17.9
0 to 17 years (%)	17.1	16.8	17.4	23.2	22.2	25.0
0 to 5 years (%)	17.6	16.9	18.4	20.8	25.0	25.0
18 to 64 years (%)	15.4	14.6	16.2	13.2	12.9	12.4
65 years and over (%)	21.7	15.9	26.4	22.4	20.0	25.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	6,300	3,075	3,220	60	35	30
0 to 17 years	1,170	600	570	15	15	5
0 to 5 years	415	210	210	5	5	5
18 to 64 years	4,765	2,345	2,420	40	20	15
65 years and over	365	125	235	10	5	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	8.5	8.5	8.5	3.9	4.3	4.1
0 to 17 years (%)	8.1	8.1	8.1	4.3	8.3	3.1
0 to 5 years (%)	8.4	8.3	8.7	4.2	8.3	8.3
18 to 64 years (%)	10.3	10.3	10.2	4.2	4.0	3.4
65 years and over (%)	2.8	2.1	3.2	4.1	4.0	4.2
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	74,170	36,120	38,050	1,540	815	725
Official languages	73,900	35,985	37,915	1,540	815	725
English	27,930	15,070	12,860	1,540	815	720
French	73,700	35,890	37,810	30	0	25
Non-official languages	4,490	2,130	2,360	105	60	45
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	10	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	4,485	2,130	2,360	110	55	50
Afro-Asiatic languages	440	195	245	0	0	0
Berber languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Kabyle	25	10	10	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	425	190	235	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	420	190	235	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	100	45	55	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	70	40	30	0	0	0
Vietnamese	25	10	25	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	0	10	0	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	0	10	10	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	195	105	90	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	10	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	185	95	85	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,350	1,570	1,785	100	60	40
Albanian	65	40	25	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	175	90	85	25	0	20
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	175	90	85	25	10	20
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	15	10	0	10	0	10
Czech	10	0	0	10	0	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Russian	80	40	40	0	0	0
Serbian	15	15	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slovak	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	10	15	10	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	170	70	105	75	50	25
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	10	0	10
Dutch	15	0	15	35	20	15
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	125	60	75	50	30	15
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	15	10	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Greek	45	20	25	10	0	10
Indo-Iranian languages	145	85	65	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	125	60	60	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	105	55	55	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	10	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	30	20	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	25	20	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,815	1,285	1,530	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	360	200	160	0	0	0
Portuguese	145	90	55	0	0	0
Romanian	65	20	45	0	0	0
Spanish	2,365	1,065	1,295	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	25	15	10	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	215	120	105	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	30	20	10	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	10	10	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	40	25	15	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	60	35	25	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	65	30	35	0	0	0
Wolof	20	0	15	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	45	20	20	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	75	40	40	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	45	20	25	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	25	15	15	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	85	50	40	0	0	0
Chinese languages	85	50	35	0	0	0
Cantonese	20	20	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	40	20	20	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	20	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Lao	25	15	10	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	20	15	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	20	20	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	20	0	15	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	74,165	36,120	38,050	1,540	820	725
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	73,165	35,625	37,540	1,495	790	705
Canadian citizens aged under 18	14,150	7,265	6,885	345	185	160
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	59,010	28,360	30,655	1,145	605	540
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	1,005	490	510	45	30	20
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	74,170	36,120	38,050	1,540	815	720
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	70,865	34,530	36,340	1,420	745	670
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	3,170	1,520	1,650	120	70	50
Before 1981	650	375	275	10	0	10
1981 to 1990	325	155	180	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	505	230	275	45	30	20
2001 to 2010	1,115	485	630	65	40	25
2001 to 2005	425	205	225	20	15	10
2006 to 2010	685	280	405	45	25	20
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	570	280	290	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	135	70	60	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	3,170	1,520	1,650	125	70	50
Under 5 years	540	205	330	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	685	360	320	20	0	15
15 to 24 years	585	260	325	30	30	0
25 to 44 years	1,155	580	570	40	25	20
45 years and over	210	105	105	25	15	15
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	3,170	1,520	1,650	125	75	50
Americas	1,045	460	585	0	0	0
Brazil	0	10	0	0	0	0
Colombia	395	180	220	0	0	0
El Salvador	15	10	10	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	160	70	90	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	50	15	35	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	10	10	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	100	50	45	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	305	120	185	0	0	0
Europe	1,050	530	520	115	75	45
Bosnia and Herzegovina	25	15	10	0	0	0
Croatia	15	10	10	0	0	0
France	490	250	245	0	0	0
Germany	25	15	10	20	20	0
Greece	20	10	10	0	0	0
Hungary	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	90	60	35	0	0	0
Netherlands	10	0	0	30	15	10
Poland	20	10	10	0	0	0
Portugal	55	20	35	0	0	0
Romania	50	15	35	0	0	0
Russian Federation	40	20	15	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	15	10	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	25	20	10	65	40	30
Other places of birth in Europe	165	70	90	0	0	0
Africa	540	290	255	0	0	0
Algeria	80	40	45	0	0	0
Egypt	20	20	10	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	115	55	65	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	10	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	320	175	140	0	0	0
Asia	525	240	285	10	0	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	95	15	80	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	10	10	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	20	20	10	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	70	40	30	0	0	0
Pakistan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Philippines	15	0	15	10	0	10
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	50	20	25	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	30	15	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	210	100	110	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	570	280	290	0	0	0
Americas	225	105	120	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	60	20	45	0	0	0
Cuba	40	15	20	0	0	0
Haiti	50	30	25	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	15	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	35	20	15	0	0	0
Europe	110	55	50	0	0	0
France	50	25	25	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	10	0	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	30	15	15	0	0	0
Africa	140	75	70	0	0	0
Algeria	25	10	15	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	20	10	10	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	10	10	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	15	15	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	10	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	70	40	35	0	0	0
Asia	95	40	50	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	15	15	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	35	15	25	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	10	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	25	0	20	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	74,170	36,120	38,050	1,540	820	725
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	3,440	1,660	1,780	120	75	50
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	2,940	1,505	1,440	190	100	90
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	67,790	32,960	34,830	1,225	650	580
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	2,550	1,155	1,390	115	70	45
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	890	440	445	110	60	45
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	360	215	145	45	40	10
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	525	220	300	55	25	35
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	740	275	465	15	10	0
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	900	440	465	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	74,170	36,115	38,050	1,540	815	720
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	1,185	590	590	90	55	40
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	1,080	550	535	95	55	40
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	485	255	235	45	25	20
Métis	590	295	295	50	30	20
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	55	20	35	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	50	20	30	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	72,985	35,525	37,460	1,450	765	685
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	74,170	36,115	38,050	1,540	820	725
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	275	140	140	35	20	20
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	73,895	35,980	37,910	1,500	800	705
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	74,165	36,115	38,050	1,540	820	725
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	955	435	520	35	20	20
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	950	425	520	35	15	20
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	730	320	415	10	10	10
Métis single ancestry	205	105	100	20	15	10
Inuit single ancestry	10	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	10	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	2,855	1,420	1,435	60	30	30
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	2,785	1,385	1,400	60	25	35
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,425	1,180	1,245	45	30	20
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	330	190	140	15	0	15
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	30	15	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	70	35	40	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	70	35	30	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	70,360	34,265	36,095	1,445	775	675
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	74,165	36,120	38,050	1,540	820	725
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	2,630	1,275	1,360	0	0	10
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	145	65	75	0	0	0
Chinese	165	55	105	0	0	0
Black	850	485	365	0	0	0
Filipino	10	0	10	0	0	10
Latin American	765	320	450	0	0	0
Arab	390	185	205	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	200	90	105	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	45	35	10	0	0	0
Korean	10	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	45	25	20	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	71,535	34,845	36,690	1,535	815	715
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	74,170	36,120	38,050	1,540	820	725
North American Aboriginal origins	3,810	1,850	1,960	95	45	50
First Nations (North American Indian)	3,235	1,535	1,695	60	35	25
Inuit	40	20	25	0	0	0
Métis	610	335	275	40	15	25
Other North American origins	56,225	27,075	29,150	495	230	265
Acadian	290	130	155	0	0	0
American	290	110	180	25	0	25
Canadian	53,565	25,725	27,845	475	235	240
New Brunswicker	10	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ontarian	15	15	10	0	0	0
Québécois	2,665	1,365	1,300	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	25,190	12,555	12,635	1,280	680	600
British Isles origins	5,920	2,875	3,045	925	480	440
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	1,245	595	645	610	325	280
Irish	4,100	1,980	2,120	295	155	145
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	1,285	625	665	420	205	215
Welsh	25	15	15	45	20	20
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	105	50	55	35	20	15
French origins	18,235	9,160	9,075	140	80	60
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	120	50	75	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	18,155	9,125	9,035	140	80	65
Western European origins (except French origins)	1,820	875	945	310	150	155
Austrian	30	10	25	10	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	565	240	320	65	20	45
Dutch	145	80	70	75	35	45
Flemish	0	0	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	1,055	515	535	160	95	70
Luxembourger	10	10	0	0	0	0
Swiss	105	55	55	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	135	60	75	130	65	70
Danish	30	20	15	35	10	20
Finnish	15	10	0	15	10	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	30	15	15
Norwegian	20	10	15	0	10	0
Swedish	45	15	25	45	15	25
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	30	20	15	10	10	0
Eastern European origins	855	425	435	245	130	120
Bulgarian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Byelorussian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	20	10	15	35	20	15
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	95	40	55	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	30	20	20	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	330	185	150	80	40	35
Romanian	70	20	50	0	0	0
Russian	155	95	60	0	0	0
Slovak	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	190	85	105	185	95	95
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	2,855	1,405	1,455	25	0	25
Albanian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	35	15	15	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	20	10	0	20	0	20
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	225	100	120	15	0	15
Italian	1,845	910	940	0	0	0
Kosovar	70	45	30	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	290	140	150	0	0	0
Serbian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Sicilian	25	0	25	0	0	0
Slovenian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	410	180	225	10	0	10
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	170	95	75	0	10	0
Basque	25	10	15	0	0	0
Jewish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	135	75	65	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	560	275	285	0	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	75	40	40	0	0	0
Dominican	50	25	30	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	10	0	0	0
Haitian	325	140	180	0	0	0
Jamaican	40	35	0	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	35	30	10	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	1,065	460	605	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	25	10	20	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	30	10	15	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	25	10	20	0	0	0
Chilean	105	50	55	0	0	0
Colombian	525	240	285	0	0	0
Costa Rican	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	25	10	20	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	10	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	130	65	60	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	25	10	15	0	0	0
Panamanian	30	10	25	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Salvadorean	70	50	25	0	0	0
Uruguayan	20	0	20	0	0	0
Venezuelan	45	25	25	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	20	10	15	0	0	0
African origins	890	465	420	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	295	160	130	0	0	0
Akan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	25	20	10	0	0	0
Cameroonian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Chadian	40	10	30	0	0	0
Congolese	90	55	40	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	20	10	0	0	0	0
Malinké	10	10	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Peulh	10	10	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	40	15	25	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Wolof	10	0	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	370	190	180	0	0	0
Algerian	110	55	55	0	0	0
Berber	10	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	35	30	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	195	95	95	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	30	15	15	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	100	50	50	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	55	25	35	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	15	10	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	15	10	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	10	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	145	70	70	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	25	20	10	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	125	65	60	0	0	0
Asian origins	1,060	515	540	10	0	10
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	435	235	200	10	10	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	105	45	65	0	0	0
Armenian	10	15	0	10	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	35	30	10	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	175	85	85	0	0	0
Palestinian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	55	30	25	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	30	15	10	0	0	0
Turk	45	30	10	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	170	100	75	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	40	30	15	0	0	0
East Indian	45	25	15	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	60	30	35	0	0	0
Pakistani	25	20	10	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	440	175	265	0	0	10
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	85	50	40	0	0	0
Chinese	220	75	145	10	0	0
Filipino	15	0	15	10	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	10	0	0	0	0
Laotian	60	35	25	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	40	15	25	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	90	35	50	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Oceania origins	15	10	15	0	0	0
Australian	10	10	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	34,280	...	...	625	...	...
Owner	19,040	...	...	550	...	...
Renter	15,240	...	...	80	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	34,280	...	...	625	...	...
Condominium	4,200	...	...	0	...	...
Not condominium	30,075	...	...	625	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	34,280	...	...	625	...	...
No bedrooms	155	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	6,300	...	...	40	...	...
2 bedrooms	11,800	...	...	125	...	...
3 bedrooms	10,860	...	...	245	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	5,165	...	...	225	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	34,280	...	...	625	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	14,180	...	...	50	...	...
5 rooms	6,070	...	...	120	...	...
6 rooms	3,575	...	...	110	...	...
7 rooms	3,510	...	...	145	...	...
8 or more rooms	6,940	...	...	200	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.5	...	...	6.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	34,280	...	...	625	...	...
One person or fewer per room	34,150	...	...	625	...	...
More than 1 person per room	125	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	34,280	...	...	625	...	...
Suitable	33,285	...	...	600	...	...
Not suitable	1,000	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	34,280	...	...	625	...	...
1960 or before	5,115	...	...	220	...	...
1961 to 1980	8,420	...	...	240	...	...
1981 to 1990	5,175	...	...	35	...	...
1991 to 2000	5,165	...	...	35	...	...
2001 to 2005	2,985	...	...	15	...	...
2006 to 2010	3,630	...	...	20	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	3,790	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	34,280	...	...	625	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	32,755	...	...	565	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,530	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	34,280	...	...	625	...	...
1 household maintainer	22,060	...	...	395	...	...
2 household maintainers	11,805	...	...	225	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	410	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	34,280	...	...	625	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,505	...	...	20	...	...
25 to 34 years	4,800	...	...	105	...	...
35 to 44 years	5,310	...	...	65	...	...
45 to 54 years	6,505	...	...	120	...	...
55 to 64 years	7,020	...	...	140	...	...
65 to 74 years	5,465	...	...	100	...	...
75 to 84 years	2,920	...	...	65	...	...
85 years and over	760	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	34,245	...	...	465	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	24,810	...	...	395	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	9,435	...	...	65	...	...
30% to less than 100%	8,790	...	...	65	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	19,040	...	...	410	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	71.5	...	...	55.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	15.6	...	...	13.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,117	...	...	674	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,135	...	...	830	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	225,035	...	...	174,598	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	248,206	...	...	181,786	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	15,240	...	...	65	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	6.9	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	42.5	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	717	...	...	498	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	769	...	...	534	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	62,085	29,880	32,210	1,250	650	595
No certificate, diploma or degree	15,430	7,840	7,590	225	115	105
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	14,775	6,840	7,930	395	225	170
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	31,890	15,205	16,680	625	315	320
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	13,070	7,605	5,460	180	115	65
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	9,745	4,955	4,790	80	50	30
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	3,325	2,650	675	100	65	35
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	10,425	4,235	6,190	250	90	160
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,075	785	1,290	65	35	25
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,315	2,575	3,740	140	70	70
Bachelor's degree	4,625	1,840	2,785	105	45	70
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	535	210	325	20	15	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	160	70	90	0	0	0
Master's degree	885	385	500	10	10	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	105	75	40	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	39,955	19,660	20,300	785	410	375
No certificate, diploma or degree	7,265	4,150	3,115	85	40	45
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	8,265	4,015	4,250	275	150	120
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	24,425	11,495	12,935	430	215	215
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	10,095	5,815	4,280	110	70	35
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	7,620	3,855	3,765	45	30	20
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,475	1,960	515	60	45	20
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	7,715	3,165	4,550	190	75	115
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,490	595	895	35	20	10
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	5,125	1,920	3,205	100	55	50
Bachelor's degree	3,800	1,405	2,400	70	30	45
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	445	165	275	20	15	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	130	40	85	0	10	0
Master's degree	685	275	410	0	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	65	35	30	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	62,085	29,885	32,205	1,250	655	595
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	30,205	14,685	15,520	615	340	280
Education	2,490	545	1,945	35	15	20
13. Education	2,490	540	1,945	30	15	20
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	965	455	510	20	15	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	195	150	45	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	770	310	465	20	15	10
Humanities	1,350	520	830	30	15	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	125	15	110	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	25	0	20	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	870	335	530	10	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	40	25	15	15	0	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	85	40	40	10	10	0
54. History	50	40	10	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	150	50	95	10	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,185	430	1,755	45	25	25
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	210	65	145	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	780	25	755	15	0	20
22. Legal professions and studies	380	110	270	10	10	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	65	0	65	10	10	0
42. Psychology	380	75	305	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	375	160	215	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	6,875	2,280	4,590	95	25	65
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	0	15	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	375	60	315	15	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	6,485	2,220	4,265	80	20	55
Physical and life sciences and technologies	655	350	300	0	0	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	210	75	135	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	115	65	50	10	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	120	45	70	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	160	135	30	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	45	30	15	0	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	880	575	305	10	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	740	550	190	0	0	0
25. Library science	110	0	105	10	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	30	15	15	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	7,780	7,145	635	160	150	15
04. Architecture and related services	165	90	75	0	0	10
14. Engineering	580	470	115	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,540	1,330	210	30	25	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,110	2,045	70	30	35	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,005	1,910	95	65	60	10
48. Precision production	1,380	1,300	75	35	30	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	390	220	170	85	55	30
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	240	100	140	75	55	20
03. Natural resources and conservation	150	125	25	10	0	10
Health and related fields	4,560	770	3,795	115	10	105
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	240	150	90	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	4,290	605	3,685	115	0	110
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	35	15	15	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,750	1,905	1,845	35	10	30
12. Personal and culinary services	1,940	400	1,545	20	0	20
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	735	515	215	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,070	980	90	15	10	10
Other	10	10	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	10	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	39,955	19,660	20,300	790	410	375
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	15,530	8,165	7,365	355	190	165
Education	1,765	375	1,395	30	15	15
13. Education	1,765	370	1,390	30	15	15
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	685	330	355	10	15	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	160	120	45	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	520	210	310	15	15	0
Humanities	930	355	570	20	10	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	95	15	80	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	20	10	10	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	605	250	355	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	25	15	10	10	0	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	40	10	30	10	10	0
54. History	35	25	10	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	110	30	75	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,770	315	1,455	30	20	10
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	155	35	120	10	10	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	635	15	615	0	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	300	70	230	10	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	30	0	25	10	10	0
42. Psychology	335	60	275	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	315	130	190	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	5,290	1,665	3,620	60	25	35
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	315	45	270	10	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,965	1,625	3,345	55	20	35
Physical and life sciences and technologies	415	240	175	10	0	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	180	70	110	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	70	45	30	10	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	120	90	25	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	35	30	10	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	765	500	260	0	0	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	650	490	165	0	0	0
25. Library science	85	10	80	10	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	0	10	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	5,935	5,395	545	110	100	15
04. Architecture and related services	145	75	70	10	0	0
14. Engineering	480	375	110	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,205	1,045	165	20	15	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,570	1,510	60	25	25	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,450	1,375	80	45	40	10
48. Precision production	1,085	1,015	70	20	20	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	300	160	140	55	30	30
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	175	60	115	50	30	20
03. Natural resources and conservation	125	105	20	10	0	10
Health and related fields	3,560	590	2,970	65	10	60
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	180	100	80	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	3,355	485	2,870	70	10	60
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	25	10	15	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,010	1,565	1,445	30	0	25
12. Personal and culinary services	1,465	295	1,175	25	0	20
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	615	415	195	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	930	850	75	10	10	0
Other	0	10	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	10	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	62,085	29,885	32,210	1,250	650	595
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	30,205	14,680	15,520	620	340	280
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	31,885	15,205	16,685	630	315	320
Location of study inside Canada	31,160	14,815	16,350	540	260	280
Same as province or territory of residence	30,675	14,555	16,125	480	225	260
Different than province or territory of residence	485	260	225	60	35	25
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	725	385	335	85	50	30
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	60	55	10	20	10	10
Philippines	0	0	10	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	10	0	0	30	15	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	0	0	0	0	0
France	275	170	110	0	0	0
Other	375	160	215	40	25	15
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	39,960	19,660	20,300	790	410	380
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15,530	8,165	7,365	355	190	165
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	24,425	11,490	12,930	430	220	215
Location of study inside Canada	23,875	11,240	12,635	365	180	185
Same as province or territory of residence	23,515	11,050	12,460	325	155	170
Different than province or territory of residence	360	190	170	40	25	15
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	550	250	300	70	35	30
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	25	25	0	20	10	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	10	0	0	15	10	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	0	0	0	0	0
France	200	100	95	0	0	0
Other	310	120	190	30	20	10
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	62,090	29,885	32,205	1,245	655	595
In the labour force	38,430	19,730	18,700	965	540	420
Employed	35,640	18,130	17,515	925	520	410
Unemployed	2,790	1,605	1,185	40	25	15
Not in the labour force	23,660	10,150	13,510	290	115	170
Participation rate	61.9	66.0	58.1	77.5	82.4	70.6
Employment rate	57.4	60.7	54.4	74.3	79.4	68.9
Unemployment rate	7.3	8.1	6.3	4.1	4.6	3.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	62,090	29,880	32,205	1,245	655	590
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	22,750	9,775	12,975	230	85	145
Worked	39,340	20,110	19,235	1,020	565	450
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	18,180	9,935	8,245	550	355	195
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	21,165	10,175	10,985	470	210	255
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.6	42.8	42.4	43.1	43.9	41.9
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	38,430	19,735	18,695	960	540	425
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	990	555	435	0	0	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	37,445	19,175	18,265	960	535	420
Employee	32,965	16,580	16,390	705	355	350
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	4,475	2,600	1,875	255	180	70
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	38,430	19,730	18,700	965	540	420
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	985	550	435	10	10	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	37,445	19,180	18,265	960	535	425
0 Management occupations	3,190	1,990	1,200	185	160	30
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	5,035	1,360	3,680	140	25	110
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,965	1,485	475	15	0	10
3 Health occupations	2,860	415	2,440	85	10	75
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	4,520	1,155	3,365	110	20	95
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	760	380	380	15	10	10
6 Sales and service occupations	9,930	4,180	5,750	120	50	70
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	6,465	6,100	365	200	185	10
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	455	390	65	80	60	20
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,260	1,720	545	15	15	0
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	38,430	19,730	18,700	960	540	420
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	985	555	430	10	10	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	37,445	19,180	18,265	955	535	425
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	225	140	85	235	175	60
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	75	65	10	10	10	0
22 Utilities	395	290	115	0	0	0
23 Construction	3,225	2,805	420	80	75	0
31-33 Manufacturing	4,565	3,400	1,160	55	40	10
41 Wholesale trade	1,345	925	420	30	15	15
44-45 Retail trade	5,550	2,550	3,000	60	40	20
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,870	1,410	460	95	80	20
51 Information and cultural industries	465	265	195	0	0	10
52 Finance and insurance	815	285	530	10	0	10
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	465	300	165	15	0	10
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,765	915	850	30	15	25
55 Management of companies and enterprises	20	10	15	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,785	1,105	680	25	20	10
61 Educational services	2,670	710	1,965	45	15	35
62 Health care and social assistance	5,250	800	4,450	155	10	145
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	735	375	360	10	10	10
72 Accommodation and food services	2,845	1,135	1,710	20	10	15
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,715	780	940	50	30	25
91 Public administration	1,655	930	725	30	15	20
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	35,640	18,125	17,515	925	520	405
Worked at home	2,195	1,035	1,155	245	165	85
Worked outside Canada	60	55	0	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	4,195	3,210	985	135	115	15
Worked at usual place	29,190	13,830	15,365	545	240	305
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	29,195	13,830	15,365	545	240	305
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	12,915	5,230	7,690	80	30	50
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,885	740	1,150	180	95	90
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	14,310	7,815	6,490	285	115	170
Commute to a different province or territory	80	45	35	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	33,385	17,035	16,350	675	355	320
Car, truck, van - as a driver	28,980	15,080	13,900	605	315	285
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,260	490	770	50	20	30
Public transit	1,130	475	660	0	0	0
Walked	1,525	675	855	20	15	10
Bicycle	160	115	45	0	0	0
Other method	325	205	125	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	33,385	17,035	16,355	675	355	320
Less than 15 minutes	10,805	4,685	6,120	140	90	50
15 to 29 minutes	10,165	4,770	5,395	250	120	130
30 to 44 minutes	5,905	3,275	2,630	205	95	110
45 to 59 minutes	3,100	2,040	1,060	50	25	20
60 minutes and over	3,415	2,265	1,155	35	25	10
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	33,385	17,035	16,350	675	355	320
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	3,905	2,955	950	30	20	10
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	6,085	3,770	2,315	115	85	30
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	8,840	3,780	5,060	235	125	115
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	5,270	1,835	3,430	175	90	90
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	3,215	1,165	2,050	25	10	20
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	6,070	3,530	2,540	90	30	60
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	40,685	20,820	19,865	1,050	585	470
Single responses	38,875	19,775	19,100	1,050	580	470
Official languages	38,855	19,760	19,095	1,050	580	470
English	1,200	720	480	1,050	580	470
French	37,655	19,040	18,615	0	0	0
Non-official languages	25	15	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	20	20	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	10	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	0	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	15	10	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,810	1,040	765	0	0	0
English and French	1,745	1,010	735	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	25	15	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	25	15	15	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	40,685	20,820	19,865	1,050	580	470
None	30,755	15,195	15,560	1,025	570	450
English	8,795	4,940	3,850	0	0	0
French	920	555	365	0	0	10
Non-official language	125	75	55	20	10	10
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	130	70	55	20	10	10
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	85	50	35	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	73,355	35,710	37,650	1,525	805	720
Non-movers	62,435	30,570	31,870	1,365	720	645
Movers	10,920	5,140	5,780	160	90	70
Non-migrants	5,505	2,600	2,900	65	45	25
Migrants	5,420	2,540	2,880	95	50	50
Internal migrants	5,270	2,480	2,795	95	50	50
Intraprovincial migrants	5,185	2,430	2,755	75	30	45
Interprovincial migrants	85	50	40	20	20	10
External migrants	145	60	80	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	70,035	34,020	36,005	1,425	755	670
Non-movers	38,280	18,855	19,425	1,095	585	505
Movers	31,755	15,170	16,580	330	170	160
Non-migrants	15,430	7,300	8,130	115	70	45
Migrants	16,325	7,870	8,455	220	105	115
Internal migrants	15,805	7,620	8,185	215	100	115
Intraprovincial migrants	15,460	7,440	8,020	200	100	105
Interprovincial migrants	345	180	165	15	10	10
External migrants	520	245	275	0	0	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Saint-Jérôme [Population centre], Quebec and Oakview, RM [Census subdivision], Manitoba (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 7, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Saint-Jérôme [Population centre], Quebec and Oakview, Rural municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba

Census Profile, 2016 Census Saint-Jérôme [Population centre], Quebec and Oakview, Rural municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Saint-Jérôme [Population centre], Quebec and Oakview, Rural municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba