Census Profile, 2016 Census
Stratford [Population centre], Ontario and Strathroy [Population centre], Ontario

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Stratford Ontario [Population centre]			Strathroy Ontario [Population centre]
	Data quality , Stratford [Population centre], Ontario Map : Stratford [Population centre], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Strathroy [Population centre], Ontario Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	31,053	...	...	14,401	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	30,516 ^r	...	...	14,391^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	1.8	...	...	0.1	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	14,125	...	...	5,922	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	13,671	...	...	5,815	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,388.0	...	...	1,219.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	22.37	...	...	11.81	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	31,055	14,920	16,135	14,405	6,935	7,465
0 to 14 years	4,635	2,420	2,210	2,485	1,240	1,245
0 to 4 years	1,400	690	710	775	380	395
5 to 9 years	1,595	875	720	835	425	410
10 to 14 years	1,640	860	785	880	435	440
15 to 64 years	20,000	9,765	10,235	8,940	4,410	4,530
15 to 19 years	1,785	920	865	925	470	460
20 to 24 years	1,795	910	885	825	425	405
25 to 29 years	1,735	865	870	745	390	355
30 to 34 years	1,795	865	930	870	420	450
35 to 39 years	1,785	865	920	795	395	405
40 to 44 years	1,885	935	950	900	440	460
45 to 49 years	1,935	925	1,015	940	445	495
50 to 54 years	2,380	1,140	1,240	1,030	510	520
55 to 59 years	2,490	1,210	1,280	1,015	495	520
60 to 64 years	2,405	1,115	1,290	890	420	470
65 years and over	6,425	2,735	3,690	2,975	1,290	1,685
65 to 69 years	1,995	900	1,090	845	405	440
70 to 74 years	1,465	675	795	695	305	390
75 to 79 years	1,100	480	615	540	230	305
80 to 84 years	870	355	510	420	165	255
85 years and over	995	320	680	480	175	305
85 to 89 years	615	205	410	295	115	180
90 to 94 years	310	100	205	140	50	90
95 to 99 years	70	10	60	35	5	35
100 years and over	5	0	5	5	0	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.9	16.2	13.7	17.3	17.9	16.7
15 to 64 years	64.4	65.4	63.4	62.1	63.6	60.7
65 years and over	20.7	18.3	22.9	20.7	18.6	22.6
85 years and over	3.2	2.1	4.2	3.3	2.5	4.1
Average age of the population	43.7	42.1	45.2	42.4	41.1	43.6
Median age of the population	45.3	43.2	47.2	43.0	41.6	44.5
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	13,675	...	...	5,815	...	...
Single-detached house	7,385	...	...	3,835	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	595	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	5,695	...	...	1,835	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,495	...	...	575	...	...
Row house	840	...	...	205	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	680	...	...	70	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,645	...	...	975	...	...
Other single-attached house	35	...	...	5	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	0	...	...	145	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	13,670	...	...	5,815	...	...
1 person	4,590	...	...	1,600	...	...
2 persons	4,900	...	...	2,055	...	...
3 persons	1,905	...	...	860	...	...
4 persons	1,535	...	...	865	...	...
5 or more persons	740	...	...	430	...	...
Number of persons in private households	30,215	...	...	14,090	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	26,420	12,500	13,925	11,915	5,695	6,220
Married or living common law	14,710	7,370	7,340	7,015	3,505	3,510
Married	12,010	6,015	6,000	6,020	3,015	3,005
Living common law	2,700	1,355	1,345	995	495	505
Not married and not living common law	11,710	5,130	6,580	4,905	2,190	2,710
Never married	6,820	3,640	3,185	2,825	1,550	1,275
Separated	1,030	440	590	440	170	265
Divorced	1,975	695	1,285	680	275	400
Widowed	1,885	360	1,525	955	190	770
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	8,750	...	...	4,150	...	...
2 persons	4,880	...	...	2,115	...	...
3 persons	1,800	...	...	845	...	...
4 persons	1,495	...	...	840	...	...
5 or more persons	575	...	...	345	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	8,750	...	...	4,150	...	...
Total couple families	7,190	...	...	3,450	...	...
Married couples	5,845	...	...	2,950	...	...
Common-law couples	1,350	...	...	495	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,560	...	...	700	...	...
Female parent	1,225	...	...	545	...	...
Male parent	340	...	...	155	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	7,190	...	...	3,450	...	...
Couples without children	3,960	...	...	1,710	...	...
Couples with children	3,230	...	...	1,745	...	...
1 child	1,325	...	...	640	...	...
2 children	1,355	...	...	775	...	...
3 or more children	550	...	...	325	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,560	...	...	700	...	...
1 child	915	...	...	415	...	...
2 children	480	...	...	210	...	...
3 or more children	170	...	...	80	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	6,025	2,690	3,330	2,105	940	1,170
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	13,670	...	...	5,815	...	...
One-census-family households	8,530	...	...	4,010	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	3,880	...	...	1,650	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	4,655	...	...	2,355	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	105	...	...	70	...	...
Non-census-family households	5,035	...	...	1,735	...	...
One-person households	4,590	...	...	1,600	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	445	...	...	135	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	30,505	14,735	15,770	14,100	6,830	7,270
English only	28,520	13,965	14,555	13,365	6,535	6,830
French only	5	0	0	0	0	5
English and French	1,855	720	1,135	600	245	355
Neither English nor French	130	55	75	135	55	80
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	30,505	14,740	15,770	14,100	6,835	7,265
English	30,160	14,590	15,570	13,845	6,710	7,135
French	195	85	105	115	60	55
English and French	35	20	15	10	5	5
Neither English nor French	115	45	75	125	50	75
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	215	95	115	125	65	60
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.7	0.6	0.7	0.9	1.0	0.8
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	30,505	14,740	15,770	14,100	6,835	7,270
Single responses	30,265	14,630	15,635	13,980	6,785	7,200
Official languages	28,200	13,675	14,525	12,320	6,025	6,300
English	27,995	13,580	14,415	12,190	5,955	6,235
French	205	90	105	135	70	65
Non-official languages	2,070	955	1,110	1,665	760	905
Aboriginal languages	5	5	0	5	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,065	960	1,115	1,660	760	900
Afro-Asiatic languages	70	40	35	5	5	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	70	35	35	10	5	0
Amharic	5	5	5	0	0	0
Arabic	55	30	25	10	5	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	5	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10	5	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	10	10	10	10	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Vietnamese	15	5	10	10	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	75	25	50	25	10	10
Bikol	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	5	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	60	20	40	20	10	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dravidian languages	30	15	15	10	5	5
Kannada	0	0	5	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	5	5	5	0	5
Tamil	10	0	5	0	0	0
Telugu	10	5	5	5	0	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,440	665	775	1,520	690	830
Albanian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	195	85	110	95	50	50
Baltic languages	10	5	5	5	0	5
Latvian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	185	80	110	90	45	45
Belarusan	5	5	5	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	0	0	5	5	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	15	5	10	15	0	10
Czech	5	0	0	5	5	5
Macedonian	5	0	0	5	0	5
Polish	85	35	55	20	5	15
Russian	30	15	15	10	5	0
Serbian	10	5	10	10	10	5
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	0	5	0	0
Slovak	0	0	5	10	5	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	5	5	5	5	0
Ukrainian	15	10	10	10	0	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Celtic languages	5	5	5	0	5	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	5	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Germanic languages	560	255	305	550	230	320
Afrikaans	0	5	0	0	0	0
Danish	10	5	10	5	0	0
Dutch	220	100	125	430	180	250
Frisian	5	5	0	15	5	10
German	300	135	165	85	35	50
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	5	5	5	5	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	5	5	15	5	10
Yiddish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	65	30	35	15	5	10
Indo-Iranian languages	235	120	120	10	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages	215	110	105	10	5	5
Bengali	10	5	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	75	40	35	0	0	0
Hindi	30	10	20	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	5	0	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	80	45	35	0	0	0
Sindhi	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	10	5	5	10	5	5
Iranian languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	5	5	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	370	165	205	845	405	445
Catalan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	145	70	75	20	5	15
Portuguese	45	20	25	795	380	420
Romanian	15	5	10	10	0	5
Spanish	160	75	85	15	10	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	40	15	25	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	45	20	25	10	5	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	20	15	5	0	5	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	5	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	5	0	5	0	0	0
Swahili	5	5	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	5	0	5	5	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	5	0	5	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	125	55	70	10	5	5
Chinese languages	125	55	75	10	0	5
Cantonese	45	20	25	5	0	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	70	35	40	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	125	60	65	0	0	0
Lao	95	45	50	0	0	0
Thai	25	15	15	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	5	0	0	5
Azerbaijani	0	5	5	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	5	0	0	5
Uyghur	0	0	5	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	60	30	30	55	25	30
Estonian	5	5	0	0	0	5
Finnish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	45	20	25	55	25	30
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	240	105	130	120	50	70
English and French	45	15	30	15	5	5
English and non-official language	180	90	90	100	40	60
French and non-official language	10	5	5	0	5	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	5	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	30,505	14,735	15,770	14,100	6,830	7,265
Single responses	30,115	14,550	15,565	13,870	6,740	7,135
Official languages	29,435	14,225	15,210	13,385	6,505	6,875
English	29,395	14,205	15,190	13,360	6,490	6,865
French	45	20	20	25	15	10
Non-official languages	680	320	355	490	230	255
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	680	325	360	495	235	260
Afro-Asiatic languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	35	15	20	5	5	0
Amharic	5	5	0	0	0	0
Arabic	30	15	15	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	5	5	5	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	30	15	20	15	10	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	5	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	30	15	15	15	10	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	5	5	10	0	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	5	5	0	0	5
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	5	0	5	5	5	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	345	155	190	420	190	230
Albanian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	40	20	20	20	10	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	35	20	15	20	10	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Czech	5	5	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	25	10	10	5	0	0
Russian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Serbian	5	0	0	10	5	5
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	5	5	0	5
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	45	20	20	20	10	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	20	10	10	10	5	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	30	10	15	0	0	5
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	30	10	15	0	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages	125	60	65	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	110	55	60	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	45	20	20	0	0	0
Hindi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	5	5	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	45	25	25	0	0	0
Sindhi	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	5	5	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	5	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	110	40	70	375	170	205
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	35	10	20	5	0	5
Portuguese	15	0	10	360	160	200
Romanian	5	0	5	5	0	0
Spanish	60	25	30	10	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	25	15	10	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	20	15	15	10	0	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	5	5	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	10	0	10	15	0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0	5	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	10	5	15	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	80	35	45	5	0	5
Chinese languages	85	35	45	5	0	0
Cantonese	30	15	15	5	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	50	25	25	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	90	45	45	0	0	0
Lao	70	40	35	0	0	0
Thai	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15	10	5	15	5	10
Estonian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	5	5	15	5	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Multiple responses	385	185	200	230	95	130
English and French	20	5	10	10	5	5
English and non-official language	365	180	185	220	95	125
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	0	5	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	30,505	14,735	15,770	14,100	6,830	7,265
None	29,230	14,145	15,085	13,245	6,435	6,805
English	310	160	145	215	110	105
French	230	95	135	85	30	55
Non-official language	690	325	365	545	245	300
Aboriginal	5	5	0	5	0	5
Non-Aboriginal	685	320	365	545	245	300
English and French	0	0	5	0	0	0
English and non-official language	5	0	5	0	0	0
French and non-official language	25	5	20	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	25,625	12,245	13,385	11,605	5,585	6,020
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	25,020	11,955	13,070	11,225	5,390	5,830
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,255	41,603	30,406	33,495	41,035	27,142
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	25,030	11,960	13,070	11,230	5,395	5,835
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,869	36,837	27,861	30,558	36,255	25,166
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	23,160	11,190	11,970	10,215	5,005	5,210
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,162	40,225	26,117	30,208	39,179	22,869
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	17,890	7,725	10,170	8,320	3,640	4,680
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,840	5,952	7,237	7,112	6,155	7,563
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	18,860	9,510	9,350	8,230	4,250	3,980
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,134	40,443	27,618	33,668	40,866	27,192
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	25,640	12,255	13,385	11,595	5,575	6,025
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	25,075	12,010	13,065	11,260	5,380	5,880
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,162	49,198	37,612	39,747	46,374	33,682
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	25,080	12,010	13,065	11,260	5,380	5,880
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,795	41,313	32,643	34,368	39,407	29,755
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	23,140	11,245	11,895	10,270	5,020	5,250
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,443	47,307	33,956	36,572	43,810	29,646
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	17,970	7,805	10,170	8,260	3,685	4,585
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,154	7,576	8,598	8,719	8,037	9,267
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	18,855	9,550	9,300	8,190	4,165	4,025
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,317	45,028	33,454	38,565	45,026	31,877
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	25,640	12,255	13,385	11,600	5,575	6,025
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	9,375	5,235	4,145	4,070	2,345	1,725
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	49,022	53,927	44,754	48,517	54,167	43,798
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	54,904	59,402	49,224	54,352	59,003	48,035
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	86.6	90.1	82.3	84.3	88.6	78.6
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	69.0	73.1	64.0	70.8	75.8	64.1
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	13.4	10.0	17.7	15.8	11.5	21.3
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	25,625	12,240	13,385	11,605	5,585	6,020
Without total income	600	285	320	380	190	190
With total income	25,020	11,955	13,070	11,225	5,395	5,835
Percentage with total income	97.6	97.7	97.6	96.7	96.6	96.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,730	1,170	1,560	1,365	540	830
$10,000 to $19,999	4,205	1,610	2,595	1,945	705	1,235
$20,000 to $29,999	3,790	1,500	2,295	1,790	725	1,065
$30,000 to $39,999	3,270	1,465	1,810	1,495	655	840
$40,000 to $49,999	3,075	1,470	1,605	1,390	700	690
$50,000 to $59,999	2,445	1,350	1,090	1,010	545	465
$60,000 to $69,999	1,550	920	625	705	435	265
$70,000 to $79,999	1,100	690	415	420	295	130
$80,000 to $89,999	740	445	290	320	215	105
$90,000 to $99,999	725	390	335	280	170	115
$100,000 and over	1,390	950	445	505	410	100
$100,000 to $149,999	980	665	315	410	330	80
$150,000 and over	415	280	130	100	80	20
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	25,625	12,240	13,380	11,610	5,580	6,020
Without after-tax income	600	285	310	380	190	190
With after-tax income	25,025	11,960	13,075	11,230	5,390	5,830
Percentage with after-tax income	97.7	97.7	97.7	96.7	96.6	96.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,850	1,195	1,655	1,415	555	860
$10,000 to $19,999	4,410	1,705	2,710	2,035	735	1,305
$20,000 to $29,999	4,500	1,810	2,690	2,075	860	1,220
$30,000 to $39,999	3,955	1,875	2,080	1,835	865	975
$40,000 to $49,999	3,525	1,845	1,675	1,490	805	690
$50,000 to $59,999	2,065	1,225	845	915	560	360
$60,000 to $69,999	1,310	805	505	550	380	170
$70,000 to $79,999	945	535	410	385	235	150
$80,000 and over	1,450	960	490	520	410	110
$80,000 to $89,999	505	310	195	230	185	50
$90,000 to $99,999	300	205	100	105	75	25
$100,000 and over	645	450	200	185	150	35
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	25,625	12,245	13,385	11,605	5,585	6,025
Without employment income	6,765	2,735	4,030	3,380	1,330	2,045
With employment income	18,865	9,510	9,355	8,230	4,250	3,975
Percentage with employment income	73.6	77.7	69.9	70.9	76.1	66.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,620	1,235	1,385	1,165	580	585
$5,000 to $9,999	1,605	640	965	685	270	415
$10,000 to $19,999	2,385	1,005	1,385	1,025	420	600
$20,000 to $29,999	2,120	900	1,220	895	370	530
$30,000 to $39,999	2,130	925	1,205	1,015	440	575
$40,000 to $49,999	2,200	1,130	1,065	955	490	470
$50,000 to $59,999	1,790	1,085	705	760	445	315
$60,000 to $69,999	1,090	700	390	510	345	160
$70,000 to $79,999	775	520	255	305	215	90
$80,000 and over	2,140	1,370	775	910	680	235
$80,000 to $89,999	595	345	250	270	190	85
$90,000 to $99,999	585	315	270	245	145	100
$100,000 and over	965	710	250	395	340	55
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	13,670	...	...	5,815	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	64,467	...	...	66,123	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	56,969	...	...	58,889	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	4,595	...	...	1,600	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,513	...	...	31,152	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,219	...	...	28,941	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	9,080	...	...	4,210	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	84,615	...	...	83,136	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	74,183	...	...	73,283	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	13,670	...	...	5,835	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	79,176	...	...	76,676	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	67,509	...	...	66,298	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	4,595	...	...	1,645	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	41,327	...	...	36,576	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,739	...	...	32,227	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	9,080	...	...	4,190	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	98,323	...	...	92,424	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	83,580	...	...	79,679	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	13,670	...	...	5,815	...	...
Under $5,000	145	...	...	40	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	175	...	...	60	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	415	...	...	120	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	520	...	...	220	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	640	...	...	340	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	605	...	...	200	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	620	...	...	285	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	650	...	...	315	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	650	...	...	260	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	665	...	...	275	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,265	...	...	495	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,105	...	...	460	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	975	...	...	425	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	840	...	...	405	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	765	...	...	350	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,650	...	...	1,555	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,390	...	...	660	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	890	...	...	390	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	820	...	...	340	...	...
$200,000 and over	555	...	...	165	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	13,670	...	...	5,815	...	...
Under $5,000	155	...	...	50	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	180	...	...	65	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	425	...	...	120	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	555	...	...	225	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	745	...	...	375	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	685	...	...	225	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	705	...	...	355	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	785	...	...	325	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	810	...	...	335	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	790	...	...	305	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,375	...	...	570	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,210	...	...	525	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,055	...	...	505	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	905	...	...	440	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	715	...	...	325	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,565	...	...	1,050	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,220	...	...	570	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	620	...	...	250	...	...
$150,000 and over	720	...	...	235	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	8,745	...	...	4,130	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	84,507	...	...	82,944	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	74,019	...	...	73,167	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	3,820	...	...	1,620	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,421	...	...	70,538	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,925	...	...	63,545	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	3,255	...	...	1,765	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	110,793	...	...	107,422	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	95,787	...	...	92,595	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,495	...	...	660	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,360	...	...	53,291	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,440	...	...	49,109	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	8,740	...	...	4,120	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	98,703	...	...	91,906	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	83,785	...	...	79,257	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	3,800	...	...	1,640	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	89,724	...	...	79,906	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	76,592	...	...	69,440	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	3,265	...	...	1,705	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	127,937	...	...	116,955	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	107,013	...	...	99,333	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,500	...	...	665	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	59,856	...	...	61,522	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,825	...	...	55,002	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	5,570	2,500	3,070	1,855	820	1,035
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	33,309	35,776	31,772	30,400	34,784	26,752
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	30,197	31,608	29,111	27,952	31,136	25,440
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	5,535	2,475	3,060	1,900	840	1,060
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	39,685	40,884	38,715	36,438	38,884	34,502
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	34,426	34,816	34,111	31,963	33,229	30,961
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	30,210	14,645	15,570	14,090	6,825	7,265
In the bottom half of the distribution	15,210	7,120	8,090	7,245	3,405	3,845
In the bottom decile	2,465	1,160	1,305	900	435	465
In the second decile	2,675	1,170	1,505	1,450	600	855
In the third decile	3,390	1,530	1,860	1,600	775	825
In the fourth decile	3,315	1,625	1,690	1,635	795	840
In the fifth decile	3,370	1,640	1,730	1,660	795	860
In the top half of the distribution	15,005	7,530	7,480	6,840	3,420	3,425
In the sixth decile	3,525	1,770	1,760	1,865	925	945
In the seventh decile	3,220	1,610	1,610	1,740	855	885
In the eighth decile	3,170	1,580	1,590	1,425	735	695
In the ninth decile	2,870	1,440	1,430	1,180	585	595
In the top decile	2,220	1,125	1,090	630	320	300
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	30,215	14,650	15,565	14,090	6,825	7,270
0 to 17 years	5,670	2,960	2,710	3,035	1,530	1,515
0 to 5 years	1,670	840	830	910	450	465
18 to 64 years	18,775	9,140	9,640	8,335	4,090	4,245
65 years and over	5,765	2,545	3,220	2,720	1,205	1,515
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	3,620	1,610	2,010	1,620	695	920
0 to 17 years	865	455	410	425	230	195
0 to 5 years	290	150	135	125	65	65
18 to 64 years	2,125	945	1,180	840	370	475
65 years and over	635	210	420	350	105	250
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	12.0	11.0	12.9	11.5	10.2	12.7
0 to 17 years (%)	15.3	15.4	15.1	14.0	15.0	12.9
0 to 5 years (%)	17.4	17.9	16.3	13.7	14.4	14.0
18 to 64 years (%)	11.3	10.3	12.2	10.1	9.0	11.2
65 years and over (%)	11.0	8.3	13.0	12.9	8.7	16.5
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	1,945	935	1,010	560	290	270
0 to 17 years	425	220	205	130	70	60
0 to 5 years	150	80	70	35	25	15
18 to 64 years	1,415	680	735	405	210	195
65 years and over	105	35	70	25	10	15
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	6.4	6.4	6.5	4.0	4.2	3.7
0 to 17 years (%)	7.5	7.4	7.6	4.3	4.6	4.0
0 to 5 years (%)	9.0	9.5	8.4	3.8	5.6	3.2
18 to 64 years (%)	7.5	7.4	7.6	4.9	5.1	4.6
65 years and over (%)	1.8	1.4	2.2	0.9	0.8	1.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	30,190	14,635	15,555	14,045	6,815	7,230
Official languages	30,060	14,590	15,470	13,905	6,765	7,140
English	30,060	14,590	15,470	13,910	6,765	7,140
French	1,825	740	1,090	570	235	340
Non-official languages	2,985	1,395	1,595	2,065	920	1,140
Aboriginal languages	0	10	0	10	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	10	0	10	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	10	0	0	0	0	10
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,990	1,395	1,595	2,065	925	1,140
Afro-Asiatic languages	100	50	55	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	100	45	55	10	10	0
Amharic	15	10	0	0	0	0
Arabic	70	35	35	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10	0	10	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	30	15	15	45	25	20
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Vietnamese	30	10	15	35	10	20
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	135	50	85	10	0	15
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	15	10	0	0	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	0	0	10	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	95	35	60	10	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	40	15	20	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tamil	20	10	10	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,175	1,000	1,175	1,885	855	1,030
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	215	50	160	135	85	50
Baltic languages	10	0	0	10	10	0
Latvian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slavic languages	210	50	160	125	80	50
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	20	20	10
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	0	0	0	10	0
Czech	10	0	10	10	10	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Polish	75	20	60	30	15	15
Russian	55	10	45	10	10	10
Serbian	30	10	20	10	10	10
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Slovak	15	0	20	0	10	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	10	10	10	0
Ukrainian	15	0	10	15	10	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	30	15	15	10	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	20	0	15	10	0	0
Welsh	10	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	750	345	410	580	220	360
Afrikaans	15	0	15	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Dutch	270	105	165	430	160	265
Frisian	0	10	0	15	10	15
German	460	220	245	130	50	85
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	10	0	10	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	25	20	0	15	0	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	10	0	10
Greek	130	75	55	40	20	20
Indo-Iranian languages	320	185	135	20	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages	300	170	125	20	0	10
Bengali	20	15	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	85	50	40	0	0	0
Hindi	145	75	75	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	125	75	45	10	0	0
Sindhi	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	30	15	10	15	10	10
Iranian languages	20	15	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	15	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	805	370	435	1,120	525	595
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	220	110	110	30	15	15
Portuguese	110	50	65	1,040	485	550
Romanian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Spanish	470	210	255	75	35	45
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	100	60	45	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	45	15	25	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	10	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	30	20	15	30	15	20
American Sign Language	20	10	10	10	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	25	15	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	130	55	75	25	10	15
Chinese languages	125	55	70	25	10	15
Cantonese	60	25	35	25	10	15
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	70	30	40	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	160	85	75	10	0	0
Lao	130	65	60	0	0	0
Thai	50	25	25	0	0	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	10	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	15	10	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	70	35	40	65	20	45
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	10	0	0	0	10
Hungarian	65	30	35	60	20	45
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	30,190	14,635	15,555	14,045	6,815	7,230
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	29,395	14,280	15,115	13,785	6,705	7,075
Canadian citizens aged under 18	5,465	2,860	2,605	2,965	1,510	1,455
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	23,935	11,425	12,510	10,820	5,195	5,625
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	795	355	440	260	110	150
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	30,190	14,635	15,555	14,045	6,815	7,230
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	26,695	13,040	13,650	12,120	5,950	6,165
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	3,410	1,545	1,860	1,910	860	1,050
Before 1981	2,005	935	1,065	1,465	640	830
1981 to 1990	395	180	210	245	125	125
1991 to 2000	355	145	205	110	40	65
2001 to 2010	370	165	205	70	40	25
2001 to 2005	200	90	115	40	25	15
2006 to 2010	165	75	90	30	15	15
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	285	115	160	20	0	10
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	90	45	40	10	10	10
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	3,410	1,550	1,860	1,910	855	1,055
Under 5 years	495	230	265	225	85	140
5 to 14 years	600	255	345	450	215	235
15 to 24 years	850	385	460	630	280	350
25 to 44 years	1,295	615	680	555	250	300
45 years and over	170	65	105	50	30	25
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	3,410	1,545	1,860	1,910	860	1,055
Americas	560	250	305	150	75	75
Brazil	10	0	10	0	0	0
Colombia	10	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	20	15	0	0	0	0
Guyana	15	10	10	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	45	25	15	15	10	0
Mexico	50	15	30	10	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	15	10	10	10	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	285	125	160	85	45	40
Other places of birth in Americas	110	45	65	30	20	15
Europe	1,945	880	1,065	1,675	745	930
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	0	0	20	10	10
Croatia	10	0	10	10	10	0
France	15	10	10	0	0	0
Germany	220	95	125	60	20	40
Greece	70	35	35	20	10	0
Hungary	15	0	10	60	10	45
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	65	35	30	10	0	0
Italy	90	35	55	15	10	15
Netherlands	235	110	125	450	185	265
Poland	60	15	40	20	10	10
Portugal	35	20	20	755	365	390
Romania	20	10	15	0	0	0
Russian Federation	20	0	15	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	30	15	20	15	10	0
Ukraine	15	0	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	925	455	470	175	85	95
Other places of birth in Europe	125	45	75	70	30	40
Africa	110	60	55	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	20	10	15	0	0	0
Ethiopia	10	10	10	0	0	0
Kenya	10	0	10	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	0	10	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	55	35	20	10	0	0
Asia	760	345	415	80	30	50
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	20	10	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	95	40	55	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	20	10	10	25	10	15
India	225	105	120	10	0	10
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Iraq	10	10	0	0	0	0
Japan	40	10	30	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	20	10	15	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	20	15	0	0	0	0
Philippines	105	40	70	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	10	10	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	25	10	15	15	0	10
Other places of birth in Asia	145	75	65	15	10	10
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	30	10	20	10	10	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	280	115	165	20	10	10
Americas	70	35	40	10	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	10	0	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	30	20	15	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	10	0	0	0
Europe	20	15	10	10	10	0
France	10	0	10	0	0	0
Germany	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	10	0	10
Africa	25	10	15	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	10	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	10	0	0	0
Asia	155	55	100	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	50	20	30	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	15	10	15	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	40	10	30	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	20	0	15	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	30,190	14,635	15,555	14,045	6,820	7,230
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	3,640	1,670	1,975	1,975	890	1,085
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	5,025	2,475	2,550	2,800	1,425	1,375
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	21,520	10,485	11,035	9,270	4,510	4,765
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	1,455	630	825	460	225	235
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	545	255	290	250	130	120
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	285	170	115	85	65	20
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	255	85	175	165	60	100
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	650	235	420	170	80	95
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	240	135	105	30	15	20
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	15	10	10	10	0	10
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	30,190	14,635	15,555	14,045	6,815	7,230
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	525	270	260	395	185	210
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	520	260	255	375	175	195
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	355	195	160	250	135	110
Métis	165	60	105	120	40	80
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	10	0	0	15	10	10
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	29,660	14,365	15,295	13,650	6,630	7,020
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	30,190	14,635	15,555	14,040	6,815	7,225
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	150	75	80	175	90	90
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	30,035	14,560	15,475	13,865	6,725	7,140
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	30,190	14,635	15,555	14,045	6,815	7,230
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	70	25	45	105	45	60
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	65	25	45	105	45	60
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	50	20	30	80	35	45
Métis single ancestry	15	10	15	25	10	15
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	10	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	805	385	425	545	255	290
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	805	385	420	545	250	290
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	675	325	345	415	190	225
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	130	55	80	125	60	70
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	29,305	14,230	15,080	13,390	6,520	6,875
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	30,190	14,630	15,555	14,040	6,815	7,225
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	1,815	895	925	315	150	165
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	425	220	205	25	15	10
Chinese	170	65	100	30	15	20
Black	335	165	175	70	35	35
Filipino	130	50	80	20	0	15
Latin American	165	75	90	30	20	15
Arab	75	35	35	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	265	135	135	105	50	50
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	30	25	10	0	0	0
Korean	40	15	30	0	0	0
Japanese	125	70	50	10	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	40	20	10	10	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	15	10	0	25	10	20
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	28,375	13,740	14,635	13,730	6,665	7,060
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	30,190	14,635	15,555	14,045	6,815	7,230
North American Aboriginal origins	880	410	475	650	300	355
First Nations (North American Indian)	730	350	380	495	230	265
Inuit	0	0	0	10	0	10
Métis	155	60	95	155	70	85
Other North American origins	9,215	4,425	4,790	4,140	2,070	2,070
Acadian	40	10	30	25	20	10
American	355	175	180	175	75	100
Canadian	8,930	4,290	4,640	4,005	2,015	1,995
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	40	20	25	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	10	0	10	15	0	10
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	24,530	11,855	12,675	11,710	5,675	6,035
British Isles origins	18,445	8,885	9,565	7,100	3,340	3,755
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	10,795	5,210	5,585	4,280	2,065	2,220
Irish	7,835	3,665	4,165	2,780	1,285	1,495
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	8,270	3,820	4,455	3,260	1,510	1,755
Welsh	740	400	335	220	110	105
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	960	495	470	450	180	265
French origins	3,045	1,350	1,695	1,285	600	690
Alsatian	20	0	20	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	3,030	1,350	1,680	1,285	600	690
Western European origins (except French origins)	10,465	5,055	5,405	4,500	2,190	2,305
Austrian	165	65	100	60	30	30
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	225	135	90	350	155	190
Dutch	2,350	1,180	1,170	2,530	1,230	1,300
Flemish	30	25	10	0	0	10
Frisian	20	10	10	40	25	15
German	8,130	3,865	4,265	1,795	875	925
Luxembourger	15	0	10	0	0	0
Swiss	390	195	200	50	25	20
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	765	395	370	235	105	130
Danish	200	120	75	45	20	20
Finnish	105	55	50	65	30	35
Icelandic	45	25	25	0	0	0
Norwegian	220	90	125	55	30	25
Swedish	230	120	105	40	10	30
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	20	10	10	40	25	20
Eastern European origins	1,920	865	1,050	895	420	475
Bulgarian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	10	0	10	25	10	15
Czech	65	10	55	25	25	10
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	15	10	10	0	0	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	10	10
Hungarian	260	80	180	265	115	155
Latvian	30	10	15	15	10	10
Lithuanian	10	10	10	35	20	20
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	850	415	435	190	100	100
Romanian	110	50	65	55	35	15
Russian	275	130	145	95	40	60
Slovak	45	20	30	75	35	40
Ukrainian	445	220	225	235	95	135
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	1,945	950	1,000	2,290	1,190	1,100
Albanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	20	0	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	55	15	40	35	20	15
Cypriot	20	15	10	0	0	0
Greek	190	110	80	80	45	35
Italian	1,030	520	510	255	125	130
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	0	10	10	0	0
Maltese	25	10	20	10	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	215	90	125	1,740	910	830
Serbian	45	15	30	45	15	30
Sicilian	45	20	20	0	0	0
Slovenian	50	15	30	20	10	10
Spanish	265	125	140	95	60	40
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	45	15	35	50	20	30
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Other European origins	110	55	50	15	10	10
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	50	30	20	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	55	25	25	15	10	10
Caribbean origins	300	160	145	50	15	35
Antiguan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	40	10	30	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	10	10	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	190	115	75	30	10	25
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	10	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	40	20	15	10	10	10
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	370	170	205	30	20	15
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	45	25	15	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	30	0	30	10	0	10
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ecuadorian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	70	30	35	0	0	0
Guyanese	25	10	20	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mexican	120	60	65	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	10	10	0	10
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	40	25	15	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	205	115	95	20	10	20
Central and West African origins	30	15	15	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	20	15	10	0	0	0
North African origins	35	20	15	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	35	20	10	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	100	45	55	0	0	0
Afrikaner	15	0	10	0	0	0
Amhara	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ethiopian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	0	10	0	0	0
South African	30	25	10	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	15	0	10	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	45	30	15	25	0	20
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	10	10	0	15	10	20
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	40	30	15	0	0	0
Asian origins	1,350	645	705	240	115	125
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	160	80	80	10	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	40	20	15	0	0	0
Iraqi	10	10	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	20	10	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	40	20	25	0	0	0
Palestinian	15	10	15	10	0	10
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	20	10	10	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	10	10	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	10	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	10	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	430	230	200	30	15	15
Bangladeshi	20	15	10	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	360	185	175	15	10	10
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	20	15	10	20	0	10
Punjabi	45	25	15	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	15	0	10	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	15	0	10	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	750	330	420	180	85	95
Burmese	0	0	10	10	10	10
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	20	15	10
Chinese	245	105	140	55	25	30
Filipino	140	50	90	30	15	15
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Japanese	130	70	65	0	0	10
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	45	20	30	0	0	0
Laotian	160	75	85	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	40	20	20	0	0	10
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	45	25	25	45	20	25
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	30	20	10	25	15	10
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	30	20	10	25	15	10
Oceania origins	90	45	45	10	0	10
Australian	70	35	40	0	0	0
New Zealander	20	15	10	10	0	10
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	13,670	...	...	5,840	...	...
Owner	9,085	...	...	4,325	...	...
Renter	4,585	...	...	1,515	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	13,670	...	...	5,835	...	...
Condominium	830	...	...	230	...	...
Not condominium	12,845	...	...	5,605	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	13,670	...	...	5,835	...	...
No bedrooms	25	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	1,780	...	...	530	...	...
2 bedrooms	3,550	...	...	1,340	...	...
3 bedrooms	5,915	...	...	2,460	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,410	...	...	1,510	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	13,670	...	...	5,840	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	3,110	...	...	985	...	...
5 rooms	1,955	...	...	745	...	...
6 rooms	2,380	...	...	860	...	...
7 rooms	2,255	...	...	835	...	...
8 or more rooms	3,980	...	...	2,420	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.4	...	...	7.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	13,670	...	...	5,840	...	...
One person or fewer per room	13,595	...	...	5,820	...	...
More than 1 person per room	80	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	13,670	...	...	5,840	...	...
Suitable	13,320	...	...	5,670	...	...
Not suitable	355	...	...	165	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	13,670	...	...	5,840	...	...
1960 or before	5,470	...	...	1,240	...	...
1961 to 1980	3,905	...	...	1,670	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,240	...	...	800	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,285	...	...	1,010	...	...
2001 to 2005	715	...	...	440	...	...
2006 to 2010	585	...	...	410	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	465	...	...	265	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	13,670	...	...	5,835	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	12,860	...	...	5,545	...	...
Major repairs needed	810	...	...	290	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	13,670	...	...	5,840	...	...
1 household maintainer	8,360	...	...	3,345	...	...
2 household maintainers	5,155	...	...	2,445	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	160	...	...	50	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	13,670	...	...	5,835	...	...
15 to 24 years	425	...	...	120	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,710	...	...	690	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,025	...	...	885	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,520	...	...	1,170	...	...
55 to 64 years	3,030	...	...	1,090	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,205	...	...	975	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,210	...	...	615	...	...
85 years and over	540	...	...	290	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	13,640	...	...	5,835	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	10,545	...	...	4,720	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,100	...	...	1,110	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,795	...	...	1,015	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	9,075	...	...	4,325	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	57.0	...	...	59.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	13.8	...	...	11.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,048	...	...	959	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,161	...	...	1,025	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	278,677	...	...	235,458	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	313,111	...	...	248,625	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,585	...	...	1,510	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	18.4	...	...	14.9	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	40.2	...	...	41.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	873	...	...	815	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	885	...	...	855	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	25,640	12,260	13,385	11,600	5,575	6,025
No certificate, diploma or degree	4,995	2,480	2,515	2,975	1,450	1,520
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	8,125	3,955	4,170	3,525	1,845	1,690
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,520	5,815	6,700	5,100	2,280	2,820
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,735	1,220	515	925	645	280
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	720	405	320	440	260	180
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,020	815	200	485	385	100
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,635	2,305	3,325	2,840	1,075	1,770
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	445	195	250	150	85	70
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	4,705	2,095	2,610	1,185	480	700
Bachelor's degree	3,185	1,390	1,795	955	395	565
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	335	110	225	70	10	55
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	185	115	70	15	10	10
Master's degree	850	390	455	135	60	75
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	150	85	65	10	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	16,300	7,850	8,450	7,075	3,430	3,640
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,905	1,070	835	1,030	595	435
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	5,180	2,645	2,535	2,195	1,170	1,025
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	9,215	4,135	5,080	3,845	1,665	2,185
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,115	790	325	595	420	175
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	435	240	195	280	155	125
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	675	550	130	320	265	55
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,400	1,805	2,595	2,225	870	1,355
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	270	115	155	100	55	45
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	3,430	1,420	2,010	930	325	600
Bachelor's degree	2,395	1,015	1,375	760	285	475
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	255	80	175	60	10	50
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	120	60	55	10	10	0
Master's degree	570	210	360	90	30	65
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	95	50	45	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	25,640	12,255	13,385	11,595	5,575	6,025
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	13,125	6,440	6,685	6,500	3,295	3,205
Education	925	270	655	275	70	205
13. Education	925	270	655	275	70	205
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	885	420	465	105	55	45
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	125	100	25	10	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	760	320	445	90	45	45
Humanities	890	370	520	205	80	125
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	60	25	35	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	265	75	195	70	25	45
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	120	30	90	30	15	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	20	10	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	75	40	30	10	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	125	75	50	35	25	15
54. History	155	100	55	30	10	20
55. French language and literature/letters	70	20	50	20	0	20
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,500	415	1,085	545	125	425
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	25	0	20	10	10	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	155	50	110	25	0	30
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	385	25	365	230	15	215
22. Legal professions and studies	140	40	100	60	10	40
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	40	10	35	20	15	0
42. Psychology	290	90	200	65	25	40
45. Social sciences	465	210	260	135	45	90
Business, management and public administration	1,975	805	1,170	820	270	550
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	0	10	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	220	65	160	80	10	70
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,750	740	1,005	740	260	480
Physical and life sciences and technologies	310	140	170	125	70	50
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	120	45	75	20	10	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	75	30	45	45	25	20
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	75	50	20	25	20	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	45	15	25	30	20	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	340	220	125	135	85	50
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	210	140	70	95	60	35
25. Library science	30	10	25	15	0	15
27. Mathematics and statistics	85	60	25	25	20	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	10	0	0	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,410	2,215	195	1,105	1,065	40
04. Architecture and related services	95	75	20	30	25	0
14. Engineering	330	265	65	70	60	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	475	405	70	270	255	15
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	570	560	0	310	305	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	455	435	25	275	270	10
48. Precision production	490	475	15	150	145	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	275	160	110	190	130	60
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	200	120	85	150	100	50
03. Natural resources and conservation	70	45	25	45	30	15
Health and related fields	2,110	345	1,770	1,135	140	990
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	150	70	80	75	25	50
51. Health professions and related programs	1,880	220	1,655	1,060	110	945
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	75	55	30	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	885	460	425	465	190	275
12. Personal and culinary services	510	135	380	285	50	235
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	10	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	270	225	40	110	70	45
49. Transportation and materials moving	95	95	0	65	65	0
Other	10	0	10	0	10	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	10	10	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	16,300	7,850	8,450	7,075	3,435	3,640
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	7,085	3,720	3,370	3,230	1,765	1,460
Education	610	150	465	175	30	145
13. Education	615	155	460	175	30	145
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	695	305	390	95	50	45
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	85	70	20	15	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	605	235	370	80	35	40
Humanities	615	260	355	155	50	105
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	55	20	35	0	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	170	55	120	45	10	35
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	80	20	55	25	10	15
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	15	0	15	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	60	35	25	10	10	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	80	50	35	30	20	10
54. History	95	60	35	25	10	20
55. French language and literature/letters	55	15	35	15	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,070	265	810	420	90	330
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	10	10	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	130	40	95	20	0	20
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	290	20	270	185	10	175
22. Legal professions and studies	105	15	95	45	10	40
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	35	10	30	10	10	0
42. Psychology	200	50	150	45	20	30
45. Social sciences	310	140	175	110	45	65
Business, management and public administration	1,465	570	895	640	190	450
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	175	40	125	55	0	55
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,295	530	765	580	190	390
Physical and life sciences and technologies	210	85	130	90	55	35
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	90	30	65	0	0	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	50	20	30	30	15	20
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	50	35	15	15	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	0	15	25	20	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	300	185	120	115	70	45
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	195	125	65	90	55	35
25. Library science	25	10	15	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	75	45	30	15	15	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,835	1,645	185	805	770	35
04. Architecture and related services	80	60	20	30	30	0
14. Engineering	235	175	60	45	40	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	400	335	60	205	200	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	440	435	0	215	210	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	350	320	25	200	190	10
48. Precision production	335	320	15	110	100	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	210	130	80	150	100	55
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	150	90	60	105	70	35
03. Natural resources and conservation	65	35	20	45	25	15
Health and related fields	1,565	215	1,345	880	130	755
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	115	40	75	70	25	50
51. Health professions and related programs	1,390	145	1,245	805	100	705
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	60	35	20	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	635	320	315	320	135	185
12. Personal and culinary services	375	90	285	190	40	150
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	210	180	25	85	50	35
49. Transportation and materials moving	50	45	0	45	45	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	25,640	12,255	13,380	11,600	5,575	6,030
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	13,125	6,440	6,685	6,500	3,295	3,205
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	12,520	5,820	6,700	5,100	2,280	2,820
Location of study inside Canada	11,110	5,160	5,955	4,805	2,130	2,680
Same as province or territory of residence	10,510	4,855	5,660	4,600	2,015	2,590
Different than province or territory of residence	605	305	295	205	115	95
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,405	655	745	295	150	140
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	395	170	230	120	70	50
Philippines	65	20	45	0	0	0
India	90	40	55	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	350	210	145	30	15	15
China^{Census data footnote 162}	35	15	20	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other	460	205	250	140	70	75
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	16,300	7,850	8,450	7,075	3,430	3,640
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,085	3,715	3,370	3,230	1,770	1,460
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	9,215	4,135	5,080	3,845	1,665	2,180
Location of study inside Canada	8,370	3,785	4,590	3,685	1,585	2,105
Same as province or territory of residence	7,905	3,550	4,355	3,535	1,510	2,030
Different than province or territory of residence	465	235	230	150	75	70
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	845	350	495	160	80	80
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	260	95	160	80	45	35
Philippines	60	15	45	0	0	10
India	65	25	35	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	165	95	75	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	30	15	20	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other	265	110	160	65	35	35
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	25,640	12,255	13,385	11,600	5,575	6,030
In the labour force	17,005	8,645	8,360	7,400	3,755	3,645
Employed	16,115	8,220	7,890	7,025	3,565	3,450
Unemployed	900	420	475	385	185	195
Not in the labour force	8,630	3,605	5,025	4,200	1,820	2,380
Participation rate	66.3	70.5	62.5	63.8	67.4	60.4
Employment rate	62.9	67.1	58.9	60.6	63.9	57.2
Unemployment rate	5.3	4.9	5.7	5.2	4.9	5.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	25,640	12,255	13,385	11,600	5,575	6,025
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	7,680	3,145	4,530	3,995	1,700	2,300
Worked	17,960	9,110	8,855	7,605	3,880	3,725
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	9,545	5,340	4,205	4,140	2,390	1,745
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	8,420	3,775	4,645	3,470	1,485	1,980
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.3	43.8	42.8	43.9	44.4	43.3
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	17,010	8,650	8,360	7,400	3,755	3,650
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	180	80	100	140	60	80
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	16,830	8,570	8,265	7,265	3,695	3,570
Employee	14,850	7,470	7,385	6,580	3,305	3,280
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	1,980	1,100	880	680	385	295
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	17,010	8,650	8,360	7,400	3,755	3,645
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	180	80	100	140	60	80
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	16,830	8,565	8,265	7,260	3,695	3,570
0 Management occupations	1,440	830	610	685	410	275
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,050	565	1,485	815	175	640
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	870	625	245	250	200	50
3 Health occupations	1,210	190	1,020	610	85	520
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,665	560	1,105	685	185	505
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	775	370	405	120	40	80
6 Sales and service occupations	3,920	1,570	2,355	1,705	650	1,050
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,480	2,275	200	1,345	1,260	85
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	250	175	80	270	165	100
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,165	1,410	760	785	535	250
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	17,010	8,645	8,365	7,400	3,755	3,650
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	180	80	100	135	60	80
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	16,830	8,565	8,265	7,260	3,695	3,570
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	135	80	55	295	170	130
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	10	10	0
22 Utilities	30	20	10	65	50	10
23 Construction	1,070	980	90	550	505	40
31-33 Manufacturing	3,495	2,405	1,090	1,245	915	335
41 Wholesale trade	510	380	135	300	215	85
44-45 Retail trade	1,880	845	1,030	850	410	440
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	555	435	115	355	240	110
51 Information and cultural industries	215	95	115	60	35	30
52 Finance and insurance	790	230	560	235	55	180
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	230	135	100	95	70	20
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	805	445	365	285	120	165
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	10	10	0	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	595	290	300	300	160	140
61 Educational services	1,050	360	690	430	90	345
62 Health care and social assistance	2,040	295	1,740	1,085	125	955
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	805	345	460	95	45	50
72 Accommodation and food services	1,360	555	805	505	205	300
81 Other services (except public administration)	740	355	385	310	130	185
91 Public administration	505	300	210	200	150	50
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	16,110	8,225	7,890	7,020	3,570	3,455
Worked at home	995	435	555	325	155	165
Worked outside Canada	35	35	0	15	10	10
No fixed workplace address	1,390	1,010	385	915	680	235
Worked at usual place	13,690	6,745	6,945	5,760	2,715	3,045
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	13,690	6,745	6,945	5,760	2,720	3,045
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	10,585	4,930	5,655	3,000	1,215	1,790
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,040	615	425	2,140	1,080	1,060
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,040	1,200	840	615	415	200
Commute to a different province or territory	30	10	25	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	15,080	7,750	7,330	6,680	3,395	3,280
Car, truck, van - as a driver	11,480	6,025	5,460	5,640	2,925	2,720
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,305	560	745	485	230	250
Public transit	355	115	235	15	10	10
Walked	1,290	650	640	405	170	235
Bicycle	445	315	130	80	35	40
Other method	205	90	115	50	20	30
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	15,080	7,750	7,330	6,675	3,395	3,280
Less than 15 minutes	9,505	4,670	4,830	3,235	1,405	1,830
15 to 29 minutes	2,875	1,435	1,440	1,060	555	505
30 to 44 minutes	1,165	715	450	1,430	815	610
45 to 59 minutes	935	530	405	640	380	255
60 minutes and over	605	405	200	320	235	85
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	15,080	7,750	7,325	6,680	3,395	3,280
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	935	615	320	510	340	170
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,725	1,795	925	1,495	885	610
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	3,150	1,730	1,420	1,865	965	895
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,330	1,150	2,185	1,025	350	675
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,710	705	1,005	530	190	345
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	3,230	1,755	1,475	1,250	665	595
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	18,335	9,275	9,060	7,815	3,985	3,830
Single responses	18,255	9,250	9,005	7,790	3,975	3,815
Official languages	18,240	9,235	9,000	7,785	3,970	3,815
English	18,195	9,215	8,980	7,770	3,970	3,795
French	45	25	15	20	0	15
Non-official languages	15	10	0	10	10	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	10	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	10	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	10	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	10	10	0	10
Chinese languages	0	10	10	0	0	10
Cantonese	10	0	0	0	0	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	10	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	85	30	55	25	10	20
English and French	35	0	25	10	0	10
English and non-official language	40	25	15	20	0	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	0	15	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	18,335	9,280	9,060	7,815	3,980	3,830
None	18,055	9,170	8,885	7,675	3,940	3,740
English	30	15	15	10	0	0
French	120	15	95	40	10	30
Non-official language	115	60	50	90	30	60
Aboriginal	0	0	0	10	0	10
Non-Aboriginal	115	60	55	85	35	50
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	10	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	15	10	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	29,920	14,505	15,420	13,920	6,745	7,180
Non-movers	25,940	12,550	13,390	12,225	5,950	6,270
Movers	3,980	1,955	2,025	1,700	790	905
Non-migrants	2,320	1,135	1,185	990	425	565
Migrants	1,660	820	840	710	365	345
Internal migrants	1,550	760	790	700	360	335
Intraprovincial migrants	1,445	720	730	665	350	320
Interprovincial migrants	105	40	65	30	15	20
External migrants	115	60	50	10	10	10
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	28,830	13,935	14,895	13,290	6,430	6,855
Non-movers	17,930	8,705	9,225	8,785	4,330	4,450
Movers	10,900	5,225	5,675	4,500	2,100	2,405
Non-migrants	6,370	3,085	3,285	2,605	1,210	1,395
Migrants	4,530	2,145	2,385	1,905	890	1,010
Internal migrants	4,100	1,915	2,175	1,855	875	985
Intraprovincial migrants	3,735	1,750	1,990	1,755	830	925
Interprovincial migrants	360	170	190	105	40	60
External migrants	435	225	210	45	15	30

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Stratford [Population centre], Ontario and Strathroy [Population centre], Ontario (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 2, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Stratford [Population centre], Ontario and Strathroy [Population centre], Ontario

Census Profile, 2016 Census Stratford [Population centre], Ontario and Strathroy [Population centre], Ontario

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Stratford [Population centre], Ontario and Strathroy [Population centre], Ontario