Census Profile, 2016 Census
Swan Hills [Population centre], Alberta and Roussillon, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Swan Hills Alberta [Population centre]			Roussillon, MRC Quebec [Census division]
	Data quality , Swan Hills [Population centre], Alberta Map : Swan Hills [Population centre], Alberta Change geography 1			Data quality : Roussillon, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	1,275	...	...	171,443	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	1,413 ^r	...	...	162,187	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-9.8	...	...	5.7	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	698	...	...	67,868	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	523	...	...	66,264	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	532.7	...	...	404.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	2.39	...	...	423.82	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	1,275	695	580	171,440	84,670	86,770
0 to 14 years	235	125	110	32,540	16,775	15,770
0 to 4 years	80	40	40	9,965	5,125	4,835
5 to 9 years	95	55	35	11,635	6,010	5,620
10 to 14 years	60	30	30	10,940	5,635	5,310
15 to 64 years	925	510	415	114,200	56,565	57,635
15 to 19 years	80	40	35	10,620	5,540	5,080
20 to 24 years	80	40	40	10,540	5,510	5,035
25 to 29 years	85	45	40	8,600	4,270	4,330
30 to 34 years	90	45	40	9,720	4,710	5,015
35 to 39 years	85	45	35	12,220	5,810	6,410
40 to 44 years	110	55	55	12,425	6,075	6,345
45 to 49 years	95	60	35	12,685	6,255	6,425
50 to 54 years	120	75	50	14,120	6,955	7,165
55 to 59 years	90	50	40	13,175	6,530	6,645
60 to 64 years	90	50	40	10,095	4,915	5,185
65 years and over	115	60	60	24,700	11,335	13,365
65 to 69 years	70	35	35	8,555	4,090	4,465
70 to 74 years	35	15	15	6,600	3,165	3,440
75 to 79 years	10	5	5	4,385	1,960	2,425
80 to 84 years	10	5	0	2,820	1,270	1,550
85 years and over	0	0	0	2,335	845	1,490
85 to 89 years	0	5	0	1,590	615	970
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	595	195	400
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	140	30	110
100 years and over	0	0	0	10	0	10
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	18.4	18.0	19.0	19.0	19.8	18.2
15 to 64 years	72.5	73.4	71.6	66.6	66.8	66.4
65 years and over	9.0	8.6	10.3	14.4	13.4	15.4
85 years and over	0.0	0.0	0.0	1.4	1.0	1.7
Average age of the population	37.5	37.8	37.1	39.5	38.7	40.3
Median age of the population	39.1	40.1	38.2	40.6	39.8	41.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	520	...	...	66,265	...	...
Single-detached house	355	...	...	42,640	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	565	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	75	...	...	22,310	...	...
Semi-detached house	10	...	...	3,925	...	...
Row house	20	...	...	1,995	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	1,870	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	40	...	...	14,335	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	185	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	95	...	...	750	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	525	...	...	66,265	...	...
1 person	130	...	...	15,215	...	...
2 persons	195	...	...	22,705	...	...
3 persons	80	...	...	11,575	...	...
4 persons	75	...	...	11,485	...	...
5 or more persons	35	...	...	5,280	...	...
Number of persons in private households	1,270	...	...	169,735	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	1,045	570	470	138,900	67,900	71,005
Married or living common law	685	350	340	84,880	42,390	42,485
Married	520	265	255	51,940	25,955	25,985
Living common law	165	85	85	32,940	16,435	16,500
Not married and not living common law	355	225	135	54,025	25,505	28,520
Never married	245	160	85	37,385	20,110	17,280
Separated	30	20	10	1,845	790	1,050
Divorced	55	40	15	8,490	3,190	5,295
Widowed	35	10	25	6,305	1,410	4,890
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	370	...	...	50,230	...	...
2 persons	200	...	...	23,365	...	...
3 persons	75	...	...	11,345	...	...
4 persons	75	...	...	11,290	...	...
5 or more persons	30	...	...	4,235	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	370	...	...	50,230	...	...
Total couple families	335	...	...	41,975	...	...
Married couples	250	...	...	25,525	...	...
Common-law couples	85	...	...	16,455	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	35	...	...	8,250	...	...
Female parent	20	...	...	6,040	...	...
Male parent	20	...	...	2,210	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	335	...	...	41,980	...	...
Couples without children	165	...	...	18,510	...	...
Couples with children	165	...	...	23,465	...	...
1 child	70	...	...	8,720	...	...
2 children	70	...	...	10,675	...	...
3 or more children	25	...	...	4,070	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	40	...	...	8,250	...	...
1 child	30	...	...	4,845	...	...
2 children	5	...	...	2,620	...	...
3 or more children	5	...	...	780	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	215	140	75	21,485	10,040	11,445
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	525	...	...	66,265	...	...
One-census-family households	355	...	...	48,710	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	160	...	...	17,910	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	195	...	...	30,795	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	10	...	...	750	...	...
Non-census-family households	165	...	...	16,805	...	...
One-person households	135	...	...	15,215	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	25	...	...	1,590	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	1,275	690	585	170,835	84,455	86,380
English only	1,225	660	565	7,775	3,840	3,935
French only	0	0	0	68,060	31,330	36,730
English and French	50	35	20	94,215	48,950	45,265
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	790	335	450
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	1,275	690	585	170,835	84,460	86,380
English	1,250	670	575	23,960	11,970	11,990
French	25	20	5	140,390	69,140	71,255
English and French	0	0	0	5,735	3,030	2,700
Neither English nor French	0	5	0	745	320	430
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	25	20	5	26,825	13,480	13,345
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	2.0	2.9	0.9	15.7	16.0	15.4
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	1,275	695	580	170,835	84,455	86,380
Single responses	1,265	685	580	166,675	82,325	84,355
Official languages	1,205	655	550	150,330	74,180	76,155
English	1,170	630	540	19,115	9,495	9,620
French	30	20	10	131,215	64,685	66,530
Non-official languages	65	30	30	16,345	8,140	8,200
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	30	15	20
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	5	0	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	5
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	5	0	5
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	15	10	5
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	60	35	30	16,315	8,130	8,180
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	2,165	1,155	1,015
Berber languages	0	0	0	385	205	180
Kabyle	0	0	0	190	105	90
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	195	105	90
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	5	0	5
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	5	0	1,775	945	830
Amharic	0	0	0	10	5	10
Arabic	10	5	5	1,740	930	810
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	20	15	10
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	5	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	345	165	180
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	135	65	65
Vietnamese	0	0	0	210	100	105
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	20	10	10	215	80	135
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	5	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	50	30	25
Malay	0	0	0	10	5	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	5
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	10	10	125	35	85
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	5	0	5
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Creole languages	0	0	0	510	240	265
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	15	10	10
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	465	220	245
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	15	15
Dravidian languages	5	5	0	35	20	15
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tamil	5	0	0	15	10	10
Telugu	0	0	0	5	5	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	20	15	10	10,905	5,460	5,450
Albanian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Armenian	0	0	0	45	25	20
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	0	2,345	1,120	1,220
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5	0	10
Slavic languages	0	0	5	2,335	1,120	1,215
Belarusan	0	0	0	10	5	5
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	290	140	150
Croatian	0	0	0	40	25	20
Czech	0	0	0	25	15	15
Macedonian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Polish	0	0	0	450	210	240
Russian	0	0	0	1,275	610	665
Serbian	0	0	0	35	15	15
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Slovak	0	0	0	20	15	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Ukrainian	5	5	5	135	65	65
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	5	5	380	190	190
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	10	0	5
Dutch	5	0	0	60	30	30
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	5	5	0	280	140	135
Icelandic	0	0	0	5	0	5
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Swedish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	5	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Greek	0	0	0	380	205	180
Indo-Iranian languages	10	5	5	860	455	405
Indo-Aryan languages	10	5	5	420	215	205
Bengali	0	0	5	145	70	75
Gujarati	0	0	5	25	15	10
Hindi	0	0	0	20	10	15
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	5	5	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	155	90	65
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Urdu	0	5	0	60	30	30
Iranian languages	0	0	0	425	230	200
Kurdish	0	0	0	15	10	5
Pashto	0	0	0	0	5	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	410	220	195
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	5	6,890	3,460	3,425
Catalan	0	0	0	5	5	5
Italian	0	0	0	1,230	680	550
Portuguese	0	0	0	860	415	450
Romanian	5	0	5	1,335	655	685
Spanish	0	0	0	3,455	1,705	1,745
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	35	5	25
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Korean	0	0	0	40	15	20
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	575	290	290
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Bamanankan	0	0	0	50	20	30
Edo	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	15	5	10
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	30	15	15
Ga	0	0	0	5	0	5
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	5	5	0
Lingala	0	0	0	30	15	15
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	90	45	45
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	65	25	35
Shona	0	0	0	5	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	50	20	25
Wolof	0	0	0	50	25	25
Yoruba	0	0	0	10	5	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	155	75	75
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Sign languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	5	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	5	1,125	535	585
Chinese languages	5	5	0	1,120	530	585
Cantonese	0	5	0	305	140	165
Hakka	0	0	0	10	5	5
Mandarin	5	5	5	710	335	380
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	35	15	15
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	20	5	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	35	25	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	65	30	30
Lao	0	0	0	60	30	30
Thai	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	160	75	85
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	5	0	5
Turkish	0	0	0	105	50	55
Uyghur	0	0	0	45	20	25
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	5
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Uralic languages	0	0	0	110	50	70
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	10	0	5
Hungarian	0	0	0	105	45	60
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Multiple responses	10	5	5	4,160	2,130	2,025
English and French	0	0	0	2,375	1,220	1,155
English and non-official language	10	5	5	405	205	195
French and non-official language	0	0	0	1,070	540	530
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	305	165	140
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	1,275	695	580	170,835	84,455	86,380
Single responses	1,260	685	570	164,525	81,330	83,190
Official languages	1,230	670	560	155,815	76,990	78,825
English	1,230	665	560	21,965	10,895	11,065
French	0	0	0	133,855	66,090	67,760
Non-official languages	30	20	10	8,710	4,340	4,365
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	30	20	15	8,705	4,340	4,365
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	845	425	420
Berber languages	0	0	0	130	70	65
Kabyle	0	0	0	95	45	45
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	15	15
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	5	0	710	355	350
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	5	0	0	700	350	345
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	0	5
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	165	85	80
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	60	25	30
Vietnamese	0	0	0	110	55	55
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	5	5	40	20	20
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	20	15	10
Malay	0	0	0	5	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	5	5	10	5	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	165	75	90
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	5	0	5
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	155	75	85
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	0	0	20	10	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tamil	5	0	0	10	5	5
Telugu	0	0	0	10	5	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	5	5	6,270	3,140	3,135
Albanian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Armenian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,710	840	870
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,710	835	870
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	5	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	220	110	110
Croatian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Czech	0	0	0	15	5	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Polish	0	0	0	235	115	120
Russian	0	0	0	1,095	535	560
Serbian	0	0	0	25	10	10
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Ukrainian	0	0	0	85	40	40
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	50	25	25
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	45	20	20
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	125	65	60
Indo-Iranian languages	10	5	0	540	285	260
Indo-Aryan languages	10	5	5	245	120	125
Bengali	5	0	0	90	45	50
Gujarati	5	0	0	10	10	5
Hindi	0	0	0	5	5	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	95	50	45
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	35	10	20
Iranian languages	0	0	0	285	155	130
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	285	150	130
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	3,830	1,925	1,905
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	215	105	105
Portuguese	0	0	0	380	180	200
Romanian	0	0	0	980	490	485
Spanish	0	0	0	2,260	1,140	1,115
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	0	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	20	10	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	105	50	55
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Bamanankan	0	0	0	10	5	10
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	10	5	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	25	5	15
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	5	5	5
Wolof	0	0	0	20	10	5
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	35	20	15
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	10	10	5
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	20	10	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	0	885	445	445
Chinese languages	5	5	0	890	445	445
Cantonese	5	5	0	210	105	105
Hakka	0	0	0	5	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	630	310	320
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	15	5	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	15	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Lao	0	0	0	15	10	5
Thai	0	0	0	0	5	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	95	45	55
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	5	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	60	30	35
Uyghur	0	0	0	35	15	15
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	35	10	20
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	30	15	20
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	15	5	10	6,310	3,125	3,190
English and French	0	0	0	2,515	1,250	1,260
English and non-official language	10	5	5	775	385	390
French and non-official language	0	0	0	2,300	1,120	1,185
English, French and non-official language	0	0	5	725	370	355
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	1,275	695	585	170,835	84,455	86,380
None	1,220	660	560	142,825	70,455	72,375
English	20	10	10	13,450	6,755	6,695
French	20	15	5	8,265	4,150	4,115
Non-official language	15	5	5	4,495	2,180	2,320
Aboriginal	0	0	0	10	0	10
Non-Aboriginal	15	5	5	4,485	2,180	2,305
English and French	0	0	0	755	420	340
English and non-official language	0	0	0	555	280	280
French and non-official language	0	0	0	450	215	240
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	30	15	20
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	1,035	565	475	137,210	67,300	69,910
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	985	545	440	131,665	64,640	67,020
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,373	65,856	26,688	38,555	44,338	33,143
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	990	545	440	131,700	64,645	67,055
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,168	54,912	24,992	33,631	37,783	29,549
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	905	530	380	120,670	60,660	60,015
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,952	67,328	27,456	35,339	42,120	29,156
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	500	195	310	95,255	41,845	53,410
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	4,560	5,224	4,328	6,552	4,837	7,485
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	840	490	350	101,955	52,255	49,700
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	48,853	70,400	27,968	37,515	43,471	32,181
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	1,030	560	470	137,210	67,300	69,910
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	980	540	440	131,580	64,645	66,935
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	55,365	68,437	39,284	46,820	54,361	39,537
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	980	540	435	131,625	64,645	66,980
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,233	54,763	33,511	37,916	43,000	33,009
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	905	505	400	120,875	60,725	60,145
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	56,696	70,682	39,095	44,415	52,651	36,100
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	525	200	325	94,810	41,525	53,285
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,425	6,396	4,825	8,354	7,631	8,917
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	855	480	375	101,955	52,400	49,555
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	57,305	71,209	39,717	45,138	51,757	38,139
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	1,030	555	465	137,210	67,300	69,910
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	335	205	125	49,480	26,625	22,850
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	76,953	92,409	51,261	52,553	58,384	46,397
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	83,914	99,379	58,443	60,773	67,740	52,655
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	93.2	96.7	86.4	87.2	91.0	82.1
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	86.5	89.8	77.1	74.9	77.5	71.3
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	6.6	3.7	13.8	12.8	9.0	17.9
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	1,040	565	470	137,210	67,300	69,910
Without total income	50	20	30	5,545	2,660	2,885
With total income	985	545	440	131,665	64,640	67,020
Percentage with total income	94.7	96.5	93.6	96.0	96.0	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	135	50	85	14,535	6,155	8,380
$10,000 to $19,999	95	35	60	19,700	7,460	12,240
$20,000 to $29,999	135	40	90	17,595	7,370	10,220
$30,000 to $39,999	90	45	45	16,550	7,760	8,795
$40,000 to $49,999	80	40	40	15,885	7,665	8,220
$50,000 to $59,999	60	35	25	12,625	6,680	5,950
$60,000 to $69,999	75	50	30	9,580	5,375	4,205
$70,000 to $79,999	60	40	15	7,445	4,245	3,200
$80,000 to $89,999	40	30	10	5,210	3,110	2,105
$90,000 to $99,999	45	35	10	3,460	2,290	1,175
$100,000 and over	175	150	30	9,070	6,540	2,530
$100,000 to $149,999	135	110	25	6,415	4,565	1,855
$150,000 and over	45	40	0	2,655	1,970	680
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	1,040	565	470	137,210	67,300	69,910
Without after-tax income	50	20	30	5,505	2,655	2,855
With after-tax income	990	545	440	131,700	64,645	67,055
Percentage with after-tax income	95.2	96.5	93.6	96.0	96.1	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	135	45	85	15,195	6,285	8,910
$10,000 to $19,999	110	35	75	20,880	8,000	12,880
$20,000 to $29,999	145	55	90	21,700	9,430	12,270
$30,000 to $39,999	110	50	60	22,520	11,015	11,500
$40,000 to $49,999	85	55	35	18,210	9,460	8,750
$50,000 to $59,999	105	65	35	12,895	7,340	5,555
$60,000 to $69,999	65	45	20	8,325	4,865	3,460
$70,000 to $79,999	55	40	10	4,730	3,085	1,645
$80,000 and over	175	150	25	7,260	5,170	2,085
$80,000 to $89,999	55	45	15	2,505	1,735	775
$90,000 to $99,999	45	35	5	1,415	1,015	400
$100,000 and over	75	70	5	3,335	2,430	915
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	1,035	565	470	137,210	67,300	69,910
Without employment income	200	75	125	35,250	15,040	20,210
With employment income	835	490	345	101,955	52,260	49,700
Percentage with employment income	80.7	86.7	73.4	74.3	77.7	71.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	80	30	55	11,205	5,670	5,535
$5,000 to $9,999	55	25	30	6,985	2,940	4,050
$10,000 to $19,999	75	30	50	13,095	5,575	7,520
$20,000 to $29,999	85	40	45	11,135	4,780	6,350
$30,000 to $39,999	70	25	45	11,725	5,195	6,525
$40,000 to $49,999	60	30	30	11,010	5,290	5,715
$50,000 to $59,999	55	25	25	9,110	4,965	4,140
$60,000 to $69,999	70	45	20	7,310	4,230	3,080
$70,000 to $79,999	50	40	15	6,115	3,545	2,570
$80,000 and over	235	205	35	14,275	10,065	4,215
$80,000 to $89,999	40	35	5	4,070	2,680	1,390
$90,000 to $99,999	45	40	5	2,860	1,970	895
$100,000 and over	155	130	20	7,345	5,415	1,920
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	525	...	...	66,260	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	98,688	...	...	78,596	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	81,344	...	...	66,339	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	135	...	...	15,220	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	64,192	...	...	37,617	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	53,824	...	...	32,748	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	390	...	...	51,045	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	114,859	...	...	92,854	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	95,744	...	...	77,807	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	505	...	...	66,265	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	107,864	...	...	92,972	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	88,126	...	...	75,315	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	125	...	...	15,220	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	67,423	...	...	45,323	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	53,336	...	...	36,912	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	380	...	...	51,045	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	121,012	...	...	107,180	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	99,436	...	...	86,766	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	525	...	...	66,265	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...	390	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	465	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	1,075	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5	...	...	1,740	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	10	...	...	2,265	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	10	...	...	1,905	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	20	...	...	2,500	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	10	...	...	2,685	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	15	...	...	2,685	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	15	...	...	2,815	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	30	...	...	5,275	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	35	...	...	5,175	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	35	...	...	4,815	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	25	...	...	4,715	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	40	...	...	4,250	...	...
$100,000 and over	255	...	...	23,500	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	70	...	...	8,500	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	65	...	...	5,680	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	80	...	...	5,645	...	...
$200,000 and over	45	...	...	3,675	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	520	...	...	66,265	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	455	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	480	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...	1,100	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5	...	...	1,860	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	15	...	...	2,560	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	15	...	...	2,390	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	15	...	...	3,175	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	20	...	...	3,415	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	10	...	...	3,465	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	20	...	...	3,435	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	50	...	...	6,810	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	40	...	...	6,345	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	40	...	...	5,855	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	40	...	...	5,160	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	40	...	...	4,410	...	...
$100,000 and over	190	...	...	15,355	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	90	...	...	7,465	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	45	...	...	3,920	...	...
$150,000 and over	55	...	...	3,975	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	370	...	...	49,980	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	112,000	...	...	92,940	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	94,805	...	...	77,860	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	160	...	...	17,460	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	102,400	...	...	76,649	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	84,309	...	...	64,552	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	170	...	...	23,595	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	133,632	...	...	118,643	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	107,648	...	...	97,913	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	35	...	...	7,865	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	60,928	...	...	61,880	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	54,272	...	...	54,213	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.4	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	365	...	...	50,025	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	118,461	...	...	107,312	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	97,177	...	...	86,787	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	140	...	...	17,475	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	105,116	...	...	87,378	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	86,900	...	...	71,595	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	170	...	...	23,575	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	138,165	...	...	134,731	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	112,274	...	...	107,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	45	...	...	7,870	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	79,296	...	...	71,467	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	66,511	...	...	59,957	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	195	130	65	18,535	8,805	9,725
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	56,704	66,816	34,432	35,716	39,907	32,028
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	46,464	53,952	30,016	31,342	34,202	28,895
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	185	110	80	18,365	8,580	9,785
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	59,460	66,952	49,024	43,128	47,703	39,114
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	47,804	52,935	40,654	35,332	38,156	32,854
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	1,270	690	580	169,735	84,060	85,675
In the bottom half of the distribution	450	230	220	78,420	37,515	40,910
In the bottom decile	55	25	35	8,100	3,840	4,260
In the second decile	110	50	60	12,220	5,415	6,800
In the third decile	70	35	35	16,940	8,020	8,915
In the fourth decile	85	55	30	20,255	9,840	10,415
In the fifth decile	125	70	60	20,915	10,395	10,515
In the top half of the distribution	820	460	365	91,315	46,545	44,765
In the sixth decile	120	60	55	22,315	11,175	11,140
In the seventh decile	145	70	70	21,290	10,915	10,380
In the eighth decile	165	100	65	20,025	10,225	9,790
In the ninth decile	225	125	100	16,265	8,345	7,920
In the top decile	175	95	75	11,420	5,885	5,535
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	1,270	690	580	169,735	84,065	85,675
0 to 17 years	280	150	130	38,770	20,010	18,760
0 to 5 years	100	45	50	12,205	6,270	5,935
18 to 64 years	870	475	395	107,775	53,205	54,570
65 years and over	115	60	55	23,200	10,850	12,350
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	95	45	55	13,305	5,930	7,375
0 to 17 years	25	10	15	3,150	1,640	1,510
0 to 5 years	15	5	10	985	485	505
18 to 64 years	55	30	25	7,390	3,395	3,995
65 years and over	15	5	10	2,765	890	1,875
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	7.5	6.5	9.5	7.8	7.1	8.6
0 to 17 years (%)	8.9	6.7	11.5	8.1	8.2	8.0
0 to 5 years (%)	15.0	11.1	20.0	8.1	7.7	8.5
18 to 64 years (%)	6.3	6.3	6.3	6.9	6.4	7.3
65 years and over (%)	13.0	8.3	18.2	11.9	8.2	15.2
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	40	15	25	7,990	3,705	4,280
0 to 17 years	10	5	5	1,780	935	845
0 to 5 years	10	5	5	550	270	275
18 to 64 years	25	10	15	5,155	2,440	2,715
65 years and over	5	0	5	1,050	330	720
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.1	2.2	4.3	4.7	4.4	5.0
0 to 17 years (%)	3.6	3.3	3.8	4.6	4.7	4.5
0 to 5 years (%)	10.0	11.1	10.0	4.5	4.3	4.6
18 to 64 years (%)	2.9	2.1	3.8	4.8	4.6	5.0
65 years and over (%)	4.3	0.0	9.1	4.5	3.0	5.8
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	1,280	685	595	169,740	84,065	85,675
Official languages	1,275	680	590	168,950	83,735	85,220
English	1,275	685	590	101,575	52,620	48,955
French	50	40	15	161,215	79,970	81,245
Non-official languages	195	80	115	25,285	12,335	12,950
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	65	45	25
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	10	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	60	45	15
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	60	40	20
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	200	80	110	25,225	12,295	12,930
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	3,455	1,755	1,700
Berber languages	0	0	0	355	210	145
Kabyle	0	0	0	190	110	85
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	160	95	60
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	10	0	10
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	3,270	1,655	1,620
Amharic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Arabic	0	0	0	3,150	1,590	1,555
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	115	60	55
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	365	180	185
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	125	60	65
Vietnamese	0	0	0	245	125	115
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	50	25	25	365	125	240
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	10	0	20	10	15
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	10	0	10	0	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	120	55	65
Malay	0	0	0	20	10	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	50	25	25	215	55	160
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	1,260	610	655
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	45	20	30
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	1,125	540	580
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	105	50	55
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	45	30	20
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	45	25	15
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	45	15	30	17,260	8,400	8,860
Albanian	0	0	0	25	10	10
Armenian	0	0	0	115	65	55
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	3,030	1,495	1,535
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slavic languages	10	0	0	3,030	1,495	1,530
Belarusan	0	0	0	40	20	20
Bosnian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Bulgarian	0	0	0	375	210	170
Croatian	0	0	0	70	40	25
Czech	0	0	0	30	15	15
Macedonian	0	0	0	20	0	15
Polish	0	0	0	580	270	310
Russian	0	0	0	1,975	955	1,020
Serbian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Slovak	0	0	0	25	10	15
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	15	10	0
Ukrainian	10	10	0	280	145	135
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	775	390	390
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	35	15	25
Dutch	10	0	0	95	50	45
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	605	305	300
Icelandic	0	0	0	10	0	10
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	30	15	15
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	35	20	15
Yiddish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	10	0	595	330	270
Indo-Iranian languages	20	10	10	1,125	585	535
Indo-Aryan languages	20	10	15	690	360	330
Bengali	0	0	0	180	85	90
Gujarati	20	10	10	10	0	10
Hindi	10	0	10	195	95	105
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	10	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	285	155	130
Sindhi	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Urdu	0	0	0	125	85	45
Iranian languages	0	0	0	435	230	205
Kurdish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Pashto	0	0	0	20	15	10
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	420	220	205
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	12,285	5,870	6,415
Catalan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	2,400	1,290	1,110
Portuguese	0	0	0	1,120	570	540
Romanian	0	0	0	1,425	695	725
Spanish	0	0	0	7,880	3,590	4,295
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	85	40	50
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	30	15	15
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	990	475	520
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	15	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	25	15	15
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	60	30	25
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	40	15	25
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	15	0	10
Lingala	0	0	0	230	100	130
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	60	35	35
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	75	35	35
Shona	0	0	0	10	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	155	80	80
Wolof	0	0	0	90	45	40
Yoruba	0	0	0	20	0	15
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	370	175	190
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	205	105	100
American Sign Language	0	0	0	40	15	25
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	95	40	55
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	65	45	20
Sino-Tibetan languages	105	40	60	1,470	730	740
Chinese languages	95	45	50	1,470	725	740
Cantonese	0	0	0	385	205	185
Hakka	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mandarin	95	40	50	1,130	540	595
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	65	40	30
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	65	40	25
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	65	30	40	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	70	30	35	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	10	0	70	25	45
Lao	0	0	0	50	20	30
Thai	10	10	0	30	15	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	230	120	110
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	10	10	10
Turkish	0	0	0	175	95	80
Uyghur	0	0	0	45	25	20
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	120	60	55
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	10	10	10
Hungarian	0	0	0	115	55	55
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	20	15
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	1,280	685	600	169,740	84,060	85,675
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	1,200	645	555	165,925	82,270	83,655
Canadian citizens aged under 18	310	160	150	38,125	19,600	18,525
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	885	485	405	127,800	62,675	65,130
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	80	35	40	3,815	1,790	2,020
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	1,280	680	595	169,735	84,065	85,675
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	1,160	625	535	150,535	74,655	75,875
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	95	40	50	18,680	9,140	9,535
Before 1981	25	10	15	4,060	2,075	1,990
1981 to 1990	0	10	0	2,010	1,010	1,000
1991 to 2000	0	0	0	3,360	1,560	1,805
2001 to 2010	30	10	15	7,040	3,500	3,540
2001 to 2005	10	0	10	3,035	1,545	1,500
2006 to 2010	20	10	10	4,000	1,960	2,045
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	35	10	20	2,205	1,000	1,205
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	30	15	10	525	265	260
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	90	40	55	18,680	9,140	9,535
Under 5 years	10	0	10	2,155	1,010	1,140
5 to 14 years	20	10	10	3,295	1,675	1,620
15 to 24 years	10	0	10	3,205	1,500	1,705
25 to 44 years	45	25	20	9,030	4,505	4,525
45 years and over	0	10	0	990	450	545
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	95	40	55	18,675	9,140	9,535
Americas	10	0	0	4,970	2,250	2,720
Brazil	0	0	0	220	115	105
Colombia	0	0	0	465	225	240
El Salvador	0	0	0	265	125	140
Guyana	0	0	0	115	55	55
Haiti	0	0	0	550	210	340
Jamaica	0	0	0	295	110	185
Mexico	0	0	0	340	160	180
Peru	0	0	0	360	155	205
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	205	90	110
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	10	0	490	190	300
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	1,670	805	865
Europe	25	15	10	6,200	3,175	3,025
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	30	15	20
Croatia	0	0	0	25	20	10
France	0	0	0	1,130	615	510
Germany	0	0	0	215	100	110
Greece	10	10	0	150	85	65
Hungary	0	0	0	45	25	15
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	25	15	10
Italy	0	0	0	540	350	190
Netherlands	0	0	10	50	20	30
Poland	0	0	0	345	165	185
Portugal	0	0	0	400	220	185
Romania	0	0	0	865	415	445
Russian Federation	0	0	0	410	195	215
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	15	10	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	370	185	180
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	10	10	360	160	200
Other places of birth in Europe	10	10	0	1,230	590	640
Africa	0	0	0	4,155	2,205	1,950
Algeria	0	0	0	800	425	375
Egypt	0	0	0	325	190	140
Ethiopia	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kenya	0	0	0	30	0	25
Morocco	0	0	0	860	455	405
Nigeria	0	0	0	55	20	35
Somalia	0	0	0	10	0	10
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	15	0	10
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	2,050	1,100	955
Asia	65	20	40	3,330	1,505	1,825
Afghanistan	0	0	0	90	50	40
Bangladesh	0	0	0	90	50	40
China^{Census data footnote 59}	20	0	10	865	310	555
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	90	55	30
India	20	10	15	235	120	110
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	170	75	95
Iraq	0	0	0	30	15	15
Japan	0	0	0	20	0	20
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	55	35	25
Lebanon	0	0	0	260	135	125
Pakistan	0	0	0	75	60	10
Philippines	25	10	20	205	55	145
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	50	20	25
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	45	15	25
Taiwan	0	0	0	70	45	25
Viet Nam	0	0	0	175	85	90
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	825	380	445
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	35	15	25	2,205	1,000	1,205
Americas	0	0	10	570	250	325
Brazil	0	0	0	65	30	35
Colombia	0	0	0	75	35	40
Cuba	0	0	0	15	10	10
Haiti	0	0	0	75	30	50
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	60	25	35
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	10	50	20	30
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	55	25	30
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	180	80	100
Europe	0	0	0	590	270	315
France	0	0	0	150	80	70
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	85	40	45
Romania	0	0	0	30	15	20
Russian Federation	0	0	0	80	35	45
Ukraine	0	0	0	125	65	60
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	15	0	10
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	100	45	55
Africa	0	0	0	660	310	350
Algeria	0	0	0	75	35	40
Cameroon	0	0	0	130	65	60
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	25	15	10
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	45	25	25
Egypt	0	0	0	20	0	15
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	65	35	35
Nigeria	0	0	0	10	0	10
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	85	45	45
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	210	85	120
Asia	30	10	15	385	165	215
Afghanistan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	110	30	80
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	15	0	0	30	15	15
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	15	10	10
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Philippines	15	0	10	50	15	30
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	25	10	10
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	100	50	50
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	1,280	680	600	169,735	84,060	85,675
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	165	70	90	19,610	9,645	9,970
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	105	65	35	17,400	8,950	8,450
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	1,015	545	470	132,725	65,470	67,255
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	70	25	35	14,855	7,180	7,680
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	55	20	40	8,620	4,425	4,195
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	30	10	15	3,800	2,355	1,445
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	35	10	25	4,820	2,070	2,745
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	10	10	10	3,745	1,485	2,260
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	0	2,280	1,150	1,125
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	215	120	105
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	1,280	685	595	169,735	84,060	85,675
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	195	105	95	2,645	1,345	1,300
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	190	105	90	2,480	1,270	1,215
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	65	30	35	1,585	825	765
Métis	125	70	55	880	430	445
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	70	35	40
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	10	0	10	90	45	45
Non-Aboriginal identity	1,085	585	505	167,095	82,715	84,375
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	1,275	685	595	169,735	84,060	85,675
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	55	20	35	1,130	610	520
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	1,220	665	560	168,605	83,455	85,155
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	1,280	680	600	169,735	84,065	85,675
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	10	0	10	1,370	680	690
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	10	10	0	1,345	665	680
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	0	0	0	1,135	540	595
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	195	110	85
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	20	15	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	20	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	15	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	205	105	95	5,435	2,600	2,835
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	165	85	85	5,365	2,545	2,815
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	85	35	50	4,770	2,235	2,535
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	85	45	40	570	295	275
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	25	15	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	40	25	10	75	50	20
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	40	25	10	65	55	15
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	10
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	1,070	575	495	162,930	80,785	82,150
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	1,280	680	595	169,735	84,060	85,675
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	140	50	85	18,285	9,145	9,145
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	25	0	20	1,095	600	495
Chinese	25	0	25	1,940	890	1,050
Black	0	0	0	6,680	3,350	3,335
Filipino	60	35	30	390	170	220
Latin American	0	0	0	2,905	1,425	1,475
Arab	0	0	0	3,060	1,585	1,470
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	710	335	375
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	455	235	220
Korean	0	0	0	95	50	45
Japanese	10	0	10	85	35	55
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	10	0	0	340	195	145
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	530	275	260
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	1,140	630	510	151,450	74,920	76,530
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	1,280	680	595	169,735	84,065	85,675
North American Aboriginal origins	210	110	100	6,800	3,280	3,525
First Nations (North American Indian)	125	65	60	5,990	2,840	3,155
Inuit	0	0	0	50	35	15
Métis	120	70	45	855	465	385
Other North American origins	585	315	265	105,585	51,945	53,640
Acadian	10	10	0	760	380	380
American	75	40	35	900	440	460
Canadian	525	280	240	101,155	49,735	51,415
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	45	30	20
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	10	10	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ontarian	0	0	0	50	20	30
Québécois	0	0	0	4,225	2,115	2,110
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	15	10	0
European origins	860	480	380	72,650	36,065	36,585
British Isles origins	615	355	260	22,350	10,595	11,755
Channel Islander	0	0	0	20	15	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	370	215	150	7,375	3,475	3,900
Irish	250	145	105	13,085	6,215	6,870
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	290	150	135	6,675	3,105	3,565
Welsh	55	40	15	335	140	195
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	0	0	0	1,035	455	585
French origins	195	105	90	42,565	21,145	21,420
Alsatian	0	0	0	20	0	10
Breton	0	0	0	180	95	90
Corsican	0	0	0	20	10	10
French	195	105	90	42,405	21,060	21,340
Western European origins (except French origins)	250	135	115	5,980	2,965	3,020
Austrian	0	0	0	340	210	135
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	10	0	10	1,260	600	660
Dutch	65	20	45	515	255	260
Flemish	0	0	0	35	20	20
Frisian	0	0	0	0	10	0
German	205	125	80	3,575	1,745	1,830
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	535	285	245
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	70	30	45	595	310	280
Danish	10	10	0	150	80	65
Finnish	0	0	0	90	45	40
Icelandic	0	0	0	15	0	0
Norwegian	50	20	30	160	65	95
Swedish	10	0	10	125	75	50
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	95	45	45
Eastern European origins	130	70	60	6,925	3,500	3,425
Bulgarian	0	0	0	415	225	190
Byelorussian	0	0	0	150	70	80
Czech	0	0	0	165	85	80
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	45	20	30
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	485	235	245
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	160	90	75
Moldovan	0	0	0	260	125	130
Polish	25	15	10	1,930	990	940
Romanian	0	0	0	1,585	775	805
Russian	0	0	10	1,395	690	705
Slovak	0	0	0	100	50	45
Ukrainian	100	60	40	1,465	765	700
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	10	10	10
Southern European origins	45	25	20	12,920	6,675	6,245
Albanian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	195	105	95
Cypriot	0	0	0	20	10	15
Greek	10	0	0	1,140	620	520
Italian	15	0	10	8,145	4,120	4,025
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	30	20	10
Maltese	0	0	0	65	30	35
Montenegrin	0	0	0	10	0	10
Portuguese	15	10	10	1,835	950	880
Serbian	0	0	0	65	35	35
Sicilian	10	10	10	15	0	15
Slovenian	0	0	0	60	50	10
Spanish	0	0	0	2,190	1,210	980
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	30	15	10
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other European origins	0	0	0	530	240	290
Basque	0	0	0	65	20	45
Jewish	0	0	0	300	140	165
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	20	15	10
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	130	55	70
Caribbean origins	10	10	0	4,010	1,950	2,065
Antiguan	0	0	0	45	15	30
Bahamian	0	0	0	20	10	15
Barbadian	0	0	0	425	205	220
Bermudan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Carib	0	0	0	10	0	10
Cuban	0	0	0	165	90	70
Dominican	0	0	0	240	95	140
Grenadian	0	0	0	85	35	45
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	10	10	0
Haitian	0	0	0	1,530	690	850
Jamaican	0	0	0	770	400	375
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	30	20	10
Martinican	0	0	0	10	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	20	15	10
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	10	10	10
St. Lucian	0	0	0	75	40	35
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	10	0	365	155	210
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	280	135	145
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	275	150	125
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	120	50	65
Latin, Central and South American origins	0	0	0	4,275	2,130	2,145
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	95	30	65
Arawak	0	0	0	15	0	10
Argentinian	0	0	0	80	35	45
Belizean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	55	35	20
Brazilian	0	0	0	215	105	115
Chilean	0	0	0	430	195	230
Colombian	0	0	0	640	340	300
Costa Rican	0	0	0	15	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	40	20	20
Guatemalan	0	0	0	305	135	165
Guyanese	0	0	0	170	110	65
Hispanic	0	0	0	20	10	15
Honduran	0	0	0	85	35	50
Maya	0	0	0	45	25	20
Mexican	0	0	0	720	350	370
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	80	50	30
Panamanian	0	0	0	75	50	30
Paraguayan	0	0	0	20	10	10
Peruvian	0	0	0	620	290	330
Salvadorean	0	0	0	420	225	190
Uruguayan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Venezuelan	0	0	0	175	85	90
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	200	90	110
African origins	10	0	10	6,845	3,500	3,350
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	1,845	985	860
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	10	10	10
Beninese	0	0	0	80	35	45
Burkinabe	0	0	0	60	35	30
Cameroonian	0	0	0	500	255	245
Chadian	0	0	0	35	20	20
Congolese	0	0	0	455	230	225
Edo	0	0	0	10	15	0
Ewe	0	0	0	55	20	35
Gabonese	0	0	0	15	10	10
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	65	35	35
Guinean	0	0	0	100	70	35
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	130	85	45
Liberian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Malian	0	0	0	40	25	15
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	65	35	30
Peulh	0	0	0	25	10	15
Senegalese	0	0	0	110	55	60
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	155	95	60
Wolof	0	0	0	10	10	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	15	10	10
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	105	55	50
North African origins	0	0	0	3,395	1,755	1,640
Algerian	0	0	0	905	470	440
Berber	0	0	0	365	190	175
Coptic	0	0	0	0	10	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	660	345	320
Libyan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	1,195	615	580
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	380	195	185
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	60	25	30
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	730	360	370
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	30	20	10
Burundian	0	0	0	80	45	35
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	25	15	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	175	85	95
Mauritian	0	0	0	140	55	85
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	170	95	75
Seychellois	0	0	0	25	15	15
Somali	0	0	0	20	10	10
South African	0	0	0	0	10	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	10	10	10
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	50	25	30
Other African origins	0	10	10	985	465	520
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	180	90	95
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	870	415	460
Asian origins	195	80	115	8,030	3,980	4,055
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	0	0	0	3,070	1,590	1,480
Afghan	0	0	0	130	80	55
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	785	385	400
Armenian	0	0	0	265	145	115
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	15	10	0
Iranian	0	0	0	360	190	170
Iraqi	0	0	0	30	10	25
Israeli	0	0	0	110	65	50
Jordanian	0	0	0	60	35	30
Kazakh	0	0	0	20	0	15
Kurd	0	0	0	0	10	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	40	25	15
Lebanese	0	0	0	760	395	370
Palestinian	0	0	0	220	100	110
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	220	115	110
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	40	10	25
Turk	0	0	0	225	125	100
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	35	25	10
Uzbek	0	0	0	30	10	25
Yemeni	0	0	0	20	15	10
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	40	30	0
South Asian origins	35	15	20	1,340	720	615
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	120	65	55
Bengali	0	0	0	25	15	10
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	35	15	20	930	480	450
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	135	95	40
Punjabi	0	0	0	55	20	35
Sinhalese	0	0	0	15	10	10
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	55	35	20
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	25	15	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	160	65	90	3,790	1,785	2,010
Burmese	0	0	0	25	15	15
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	185	90	95
Chinese	35	10	20	2,455	1,155	1,300
Filipino	65	35	30	510	240	270
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Japanese	65	25	35	145	50	100
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	100	55	50
Laotian	0	0	0	110	50	60
Malaysian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	35	15	15
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	50	20	25
Thai	0	0	0	50	30	15
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	450	230	215
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	35	10	25
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	35	10	25
Oceania origins	0	0	0	50	25	20
Australian	0	0	0	40	25	15
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	500	...	...	66,265	...	...
Owner	380	...	...	52,250	...	...
Renter	125	...	...	14,015	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	500	...	...	66,265	...	...
Condominium	20	...	...	7,000	...	...
Not condominium	485	...	...	59,265	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	500	...	...	66,265	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	140	...	...
1 bedroom	15	...	...	4,805	...	...
2 bedrooms	65	...	...	16,985	...	...
3 bedrooms	185	...	...	26,125	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	235	...	...	18,215	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	505	...	...	66,265	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	70	...	...	14,520	...	...
5 rooms	115	...	...	9,590	...	...
6 rooms	75	...	...	8,725	...	...
7 rooms	55	...	...	10,710	...	...
8 or more rooms	195	...	...	22,715	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.8	...	...	6.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	500	...	...	66,265	...	...
One person or fewer per room	495	...	...	65,985	...	...
More than 1 person per room	10	...	...	280	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	505	...	...	66,265	...	...
Suitable	485	...	...	64,890	...	...
Not suitable	15	...	...	1,375	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	505	...	...	66,265	...	...
1960 or before	30	...	...	7,845	...	...
1961 to 1980	285	...	...	19,700	...	...
1981 to 1990	155	...	...	11,645	...	...
1991 to 2000	30	...	...	10,050	...	...
2001 to 2005	0	...	...	5,760	...	...
2006 to 2010	10	...	...	6,395	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	0	...	...	4,870	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	500	...	...	66,265	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	445	...	...	63,100	...	...
Major repairs needed	55	...	...	3,165	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	500	...	...	66,260	...	...
1 household maintainer	350	...	...	36,070	...	...
2 household maintainers	135	...	...	29,400	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	15	...	...	790	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	505	...	...	66,260	...	...
15 to 24 years	10	...	...	1,250	...	...
25 to 34 years	85	...	...	8,010	...	...
35 to 44 years	95	...	...	13,365	...	...
45 to 54 years	145	...	...	15,440	...	...
55 to 64 years	115	...	...	13,425	...	...
65 to 74 years	60	...	...	9,210	...	...
75 to 84 years	0	...	...	4,325	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	1,250	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	505	...	...	66,130	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	475	...	...	55,140	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	25	...	...	10,985	...	...
30% to less than 100%	20	...	...	10,085	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	375	...	...	52,150	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	61.3	...	...	69.5	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	0.0	...	...	12.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,145	...	...	1,200	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,068	...	...	1,213	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	150,263	...	...	269,605	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	168,076	...	...	299,132	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	125	...	...	14,015	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	0.0	...	...	9.2	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	12.0	...	...	33.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,003	...	...	786	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	961	...	...	821	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	1,025	560	470	137,210	67,300	69,910
No certificate, diploma or degree	265	175	90	25,170	13,070	12,105
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	325	190	140	33,830	16,160	17,675
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	430	195	235	78,205	38,075	40,130
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	60	50	10	23,720	14,340	9,380
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	20	10	10	16,725	8,815	7,915
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	35	40	0	6,990	5,525	1,465
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	215	80	130	24,780	10,760	14,025
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	25	10	20	4,880	1,990	2,885
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	140	55	85	24,825	10,980	13,845
Bachelor's degree	110	40	65	17,225	7,345	9,880
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10	0	0	2,470	1,100	1,370
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	495	260	235
Master's degree	25	10	15	4,265	2,010	2,255
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	370	265	105
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	735	400	340	92,855	45,255	47,595
No certificate, diploma or degree	155	100	60	10,535	5,975	4,555
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	250	145	110	20,135	9,585	10,545
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	330	160	175	62,190	29,695	32,495
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	45	40	0	18,550	10,890	7,660
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	10	10	10	13,135	6,655	6,485
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	40	40	0	5,415	4,240	1,175
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	135	55	85	18,315	8,000	10,320
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	15	10	10	3,810	1,505	2,305
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	130	50	80	21,510	9,300	12,210
Bachelor's degree	100	40	65	14,990	6,345	8,650
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	2,070	845	1,220
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	395	180	215
Master's degree	25	10	15	3,735	1,710	2,020
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	320	220	100
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	1,025	560	470	137,210	67,300	69,910
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	595	365	230	59,010	29,225	29,780
Education	45	0	35	5,300	1,060	4,235
13. Education	40	10	30	5,300	1,065	4,235
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	2,545	1,175	1,370
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	435	325	115
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	2,105	850	1,260
Humanities	15	0	20	3,480	1,280	2,200
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	450	75	375
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	170	45	120
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	15	0	15	2,070	855	1,220
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	15	10	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	110	60	50
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	155	70	85
54. History	0	0	0	160	85	75
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	360	90	270
Social and behavioural sciences and law	25	15	15	7,065	2,060	5,005
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	45	20	30
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	925	280	645
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	1,560	120	1,445
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	10	1,395	425	975
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	10	0	95	40	60
42. Psychology	10	0	0	905	195	710
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	2,140	990	1,150
Business, management and public administration	75	15	60	19,505	6,915	12,590
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	10	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	10	660	105	550
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	75	15	55	18,840	6,805	12,035
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	2,380	1,390	985
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	685	300	385
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	500	315	180
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	315	135	180
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	725	520	205
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	10	160	120	40
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	15	0	10	3,435	2,515	920
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	15	10	10	3,010	2,305	705
25. Library science	0	0	0	125	20	115
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	255	160	95
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	40	30	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	110	100	10	17,680	16,230	1,450
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	485	270	220
14. Engineering	30	25	10	3,115	2,505	615
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	20	20	0	3,125	2,860	255
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	15	20	0	4,260	4,125	140
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	30	30	0	4,125	4,010	120
48. Precision production	15	10	0	2,570	2,465	110
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	25	10	15	920	455	470
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	20	10	10	725	325	400
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	0	0	200	130	70
Health and related fields	80	15	70	9,340	1,540	7,800
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	550	265	285
51. Health professions and related programs	80	20	65	8,705	1,230	7,475
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	80	45	35
Personal, protective and transportation services	30	15	15	6,540	3,440	3,100
12. Personal and culinary services	10	0	10	3,310	755	2,555
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	40	35	10
43. Security and protective services	15	0	10	1,780	1,375	400
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	10	0	1,395	1,260	135
Other	0	0	0	15	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	15	10	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	740	400	340	92,855	45,260	47,600
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	410	245	165	30,665	15,560	15,105
Education	40	10	35	3,830	700	3,130
13. Education	35	10	35	3,830	700	3,130
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	1,940	890	1,055
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	330	240	90
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	1,615	650	960
Humanities	0	0	0	2,215	840	1,375
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	355	60	290
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	145	30	110
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	1,165	545	620
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	0	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	70	40	30
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	80	40	40
54. History	0	0	0	110	55	55
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	280	65	215
Social and behavioural sciences and law	25	15	10	5,795	1,675	4,120
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	40	20	25
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	720	225	495
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	10	1,265	75	1,190
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	0	1,205	345	860
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	0	40	20	25
42. Psychology	0	10	0	765	180	590
45. Social sciences	0	10	0	1,760	820	935
Business, management and public administration	65	15	50	16,380	5,595	10,785
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	10	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	560	75	490
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	65	15	45	15,810	5,515	10,300
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	10	1,505	870	630
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	565	245	320
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	270	165	100
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	35	15	25
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	515	370	150
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	0	115	80	35
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	10	0	10	3,095	2,245	845
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	10	0	0	2,780	2,105	675
25. Library science	0	0	0	95	15	85
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	195	110	90
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	30	20	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	95	90	10	13,815	12,510	1,305
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	420	240	180
14. Engineering	30	25	0	2,760	2,190	570
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	10	15	0	2,545	2,320	230
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	20	15	0	3,055	2,930	125
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	35	30	0	3,030	2,925	100
48. Precision production	10	10	0	2,000	1,900	95
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	25	10	15	770	365	400
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	15	10	15	605	260	350
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	10	0	160	105	55
Health and related fields	50	0	45	7,500	1,170	6,330
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	465	215	255
51. Health professions and related programs	50	10	45	6,975	925	6,050
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	60	30	30
Personal, protective and transportation services	15	15	0	5,330	2,825	2,505
12. Personal and culinary services	0	0	0	2,650	605	2,045
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	25	15	10
43. Security and protective services	0	10	0	1,450	1,120	330
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	0	0	1,195	1,075	120
Other	0	0	0	10	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	10	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	1,025	555	470	137,210	67,300	69,910
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	595	365	235	59,010	29,225	29,780
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	430	195	235	78,205	38,075	40,130
Location of study inside Canada	330	135	195	71,900	34,770	37,125
Same as province or territory of residence	225	95	130	70,090	33,730	36,365
Different than province or territory of residence	105	40	70	1,810	1,045	770
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	100	60	45	6,305	3,305	3,000
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	30	20	10	410	200	205
Philippines	45	25	25	105	25	80
India	15	0	10	50	30	20
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	190	120	70
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	10	0	270	135	135
France	0	0	0	840	505	335
Other	10	10	0	4,445	2,280	2,165
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	740	400	340	92,855	45,260	47,600
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	410	245	165	30,665	15,560	15,105
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	330	155	175	62,190	29,695	32,495
Location of study inside Canada	255	110	145	56,855	26,990	29,865
Same as province or territory of residence	185	80	105	55,435	26,195	29,245
Different than province or territory of residence	75	35	40	1,420	800	620
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	75	45	30	5,335	2,705	2,630
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	15	15	0	335	165	170
Philippines	40	20	20	85	15	70
India	10	10	10	45	30	20
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	120	80	40
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	0	0	235	115	120
France	0	0	0	705	405	300
Other	0	0	0	3,815	1,895	1,910
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	1,025	560	470	137,210	67,300	69,910
In the labour force	770	445	325	94,885	48,630	46,255
Employed	680	415	260	89,375	45,480	43,890
Unemployed	90	30	60	5,515	3,145	2,365
Not in the labour force	255	110	150	42,325	18,675	23,650
Participation rate	75.1	79.5	69.1	69.2	72.3	66.2
Employment rate	66.3	74.1	55.3	65.1	67.6	62.8
Unemployment rate	11.7	6.7	18.5	5.8	6.5	5.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	1,025	555	470	137,210	67,300	69,910
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	205	75	130	39,725	17,130	22,595
Worked	820	485	340	97,485	50,170	47,315
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	350	215	130	50,320	27,235	23,085
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	475	265	210	47,170	22,940	24,230
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.9	40.9	40.9	43.8	44.0	43.7
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	770	450	325	94,885	48,625	46,255
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	1,870	925	945
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	765	445	320	93,015	47,705	45,305
Employee	715	400	315	83,715	42,080	41,635
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	55	50	10	9,295	5,625	3,675
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	770	445	320	94,885	48,630	46,255
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	10	0	0	1,870	925	950
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	765	450	320	93,010	47,700	45,310
0 Management occupations	85	55	30	10,280	6,370	3,910
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	90	0	85	17,215	4,725	12,495
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	15	10	0	6,385	5,030	1,360
3 Health occupations	20	0	20	6,015	885	5,130
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	45	10	35	10,440	2,675	7,760
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	0	0	0	2,345	1,085	1,260
6 Sales and service occupations	145	35	110	21,450	9,915	11,535
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	175	175	0	14,220	13,455	765
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	75	70	10	775	630	145
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	100	85	15	3,880	2,935	950
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	770	445	320	94,885	48,625	46,255
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	10	1,870	925	950
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	765	450	315	93,015	47,705	45,310
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	10	10	0	615	405	215
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	205	170	30	180	145	30
22 Utilities	10	0	0	885	620	270
23 Construction	70	55	15	6,095	5,255	840
31-33 Manufacturing	10	10	0	9,980	7,235	2,740
41 Wholesale trade	20	0	10	4,475	3,030	1,445
44-45 Retail trade	70	25	50	11,965	5,730	6,235
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	65	50	15	6,000	4,355	1,650
51 Information and cultural industries	20	0	20	2,755	1,530	1,220
52 Finance and insurance	10	0	0	4,990	1,765	3,225
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	1,470	860	615
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	10	0	0	6,380	3,340	3,035
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	85	35	45
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	100	55	40	3,780	2,420	1,360
61 Educational services	35	10	30	6,470	1,555	4,920
62 Health care and social assistance	45	0	40	11,200	1,630	9,565
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	10	10	0	1,850	1,015	840
72 Accommodation and food services	45	10	40	4,775	2,190	2,580
81 Other services (except public administration)	25	0	15	3,895	1,755	2,145
91 Public administration	20	15	10	5,175	2,850	2,320
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	680	415	260	89,375	45,480	43,895
Worked at home	30	10	15	5,140	2,390	2,750
Worked outside Canada	15	0	10	200	155	40
No fixed workplace address	95	85	10	8,030	6,130	1,900
Worked at usual place	540	310	225	76,005	36,805	39,195
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	540	310	230	76,005	36,810	39,200
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	455	245	210	12,165	5,010	7,150
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	30	20	10	13,650	5,980	7,670
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	50	35	15	50,060	25,745	24,315
Commute to a different province or territory	10	10	0	130	70	60
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	630	395	235	84,035	42,940	41,100
Car, truck, van - as a driver	540	355	190	68,355	36,640	31,720
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	35	20	15	3,010	1,050	1,960
Public transit	0	0	0	9,730	3,820	5,915
Walked	40	10	35	1,915	830	1,085
Bicycle	0	0	0	425	315	110
Other method	10	0	0	595	280	310
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	630	395	235	84,035	42,935	41,095
Less than 15 minutes	400	225	170	18,990	8,385	10,605
15 to 29 minutes	125	80	45	23,570	12,010	11,555
30 to 44 minutes	40	30	0	21,105	12,025	9,075
45 to 59 minutes	20	10	0	10,985	5,885	5,100
60 minutes and over	55	45	0	9,385	4,635	4,750
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	630	395	235	84,035	42,935	41,100
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	100	70	30	8,220	6,195	2,030
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	175	155	20	18,190	10,390	7,800
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	160	110	50	24,790	10,900	13,890
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	110	35	75	13,140	5,245	7,895
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	35	0	35	7,160	2,910	4,250
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	50	30	20	12,530	7,300	5,230
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	855	500	355	99,735	51,155	48,580
Single responses	855	500	360	89,710	45,870	43,845
Official languages	835	485	345	89,495	45,765	43,730
English	835	485	345	11,785	6,100	5,685
French	0	0	0	77,705	39,665	38,045
Non-official languages	20	10	10	220	100	120
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	20	10	10	220	105	120
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	15	15	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	20	15	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	15	15	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	15	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	90	40	50
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	45	20	25
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	40	20	25
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	45	20	25
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	10
Romanian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Spanish	0	0	0	25	15	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	10	10	85	45	45
Chinese languages	20	10	10	90	45	40
Cantonese	0	0	0	25	10	20
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	10	0	55	30	25
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	10,025	5,290	4,735
English and French	0	0	0	9,560	5,070	4,490
English and non-official language	0	0	0	105	60	45
French and non-official language	0	0	0	125	70	55
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	240	90	150
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	855	495	355	99,735	51,160	48,580
None	830	485	345	57,435	29,285	28,150
English	0	0	0	33,615	17,370	16,245
French	0	0	0	7,665	3,970	3,700
Non-official language	0	0	0	635	370	260
Aboriginal	0	0	0	15	10	10
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	620	365	255
English and French	0	0	0	10	0	10
English and non-official language	20	10	10	285	110	175
French and non-official language	0	0	0	100	50	50
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	1,265	670	590	168,020	83,165	84,855
Non-movers	1,115	615	500	153,085	76,030	77,050
Movers	150	55	90	14,940	7,130	7,810
Non-migrants	85	30	55	5,615	2,670	2,945
Migrants	65	25	35	9,325	4,465	4,860
Internal migrants	55	25	35	8,845	4,230	4,615
Intraprovincial migrants	40	20	20	8,690	4,155	4,545
Interprovincial migrants	20	10	15	150	80	75
External migrants	10	0	10	480	235	245
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	1,190	635	550	159,865	79,125	80,735
Non-movers	705	400	300	109,775	54,805	54,970
Movers	480	230	250	50,085	24,320	25,760
Non-migrants	95	35	60	19,305	9,320	9,985
Migrants	390	200	185	30,780	15,000	15,780
Internal migrants	250	135	115	28,790	14,060	14,730
Intraprovincial migrants	150	70	75	28,220	13,775	14,440
Interprovincial migrants	105	60	45	570	280	290
External migrants	140	65	70	1,990	940	1,050

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Swan Hills [Population centre], Alberta and Roussillon, MRC [Census division], Quebec (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 8, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Swan Hills [Population centre], Alberta and Roussillon, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec

Census Profile, 2016 Census Swan Hills [Population centre], Alberta and Roussillon, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Swan Hills [Population centre], Alberta and Roussillon, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec