Census Profile, 2016 Census
Thunder Bay [Population centre], Ontario and Point Lance, Town [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Thunder Bay Ontario [Population centre]			Point Lance, T Newfoundland and Labrador [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Thunder Bay [Population centre], Ontario Map : Thunder Bay [Population centre], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Point Lance, Town [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	93,952	...	...	102	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	95,251 ^r	...	...	120	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-1.4	...	...	-15.0	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	45,168	...	...	48	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	42,088	...	...	42	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,315.8	...	...	3.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	71.40	...	...	29.14	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	93,950	45,620	48,335	105	55	50
0 to 14 years	13,265	6,800	6,465	10	0	5
0 to 4 years	4,360	2,295	2,060	0	0	0
5 to 9 years	4,505	2,280	2,220	0	5	0
10 to 14 years	4,400	2,220	2,180	5	0	5
15 to 64 years	61,200	30,370	30,825	75	40	30
15 to 19 years	4,930	2,540	2,390	10	5	0
20 to 24 years	6,660	3,380	3,280	5	0	0
25 to 29 years	6,500	3,295	3,205	0	0	0
30 to 34 years	5,700	2,895	2,805	0	5	0
35 to 39 years	5,205	2,565	2,640	5	0	5
40 to 44 years	5,215	2,545	2,670	5	0	0
45 to 49 years	5,775	2,795	2,975	15	10	5
50 to 54 years	6,995	3,430	3,565	15	10	10
55 to 59 years	7,510	3,660	3,850	10	5	0
60 to 64 years	6,710	3,265	3,445	10	10	5
65 years and over	19,485	8,440	11,045	15	5	10
65 to 69 years	5,910	2,810	3,100	5	5	5
70 to 74 years	4,150	1,895	2,260	0	0	0
75 to 79 years	3,405	1,495	1,905	0	5	5
80 to 84 years	2,730	1,145	1,590	0	0	5
85 years and over	3,295	1,100	2,195	5	0	5
85 to 89 years	1,970	740	1,230	0	0	0
90 to 94 years	1,020	305	715	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	265	50	215	0	0	0
100 years and over	35	0	35	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.1	14.9	13.4	9.5	0.0	10.0
15 to 64 years	65.1	66.6	63.8	71.4	72.7	60.0
65 years and over	20.7	18.5	22.9	14.3	9.1	20.0
85 years and over	3.5	2.4	4.5	4.8	0.0	10.0
Average age of the population	43.6	42.1	44.9	47.0	45.6	48.5
Median age of the population	44.5	42.6	46.2	50.5	50.5	50.5
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	42,085	...	...	40	...	...
Single-detached house	26,325	...	...	40	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	2,555	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	13,040	...	...	0	...	...
Semi-detached house	2,000	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	1,320	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	2,340	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	7,280	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	105	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	170	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	42,090	...	...	45	...	...
1 person	14,930	...	...	10	...	...
2 persons	14,675	...	...	15	...	...
3 persons	5,935	...	...	5	...	...
4 persons	4,405	...	...	10	...	...
5 or more persons	2,135	...	...	0	...	...
Number of persons in private households	91,315	...	...	105	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	80,690	38,815	41,870	95	50	45
Married or living common law	41,020	20,490	20,525	50	25	25
Married	32,240	16,130	16,110	55	25	25
Living common law	8,780	4,365	4,415	0	0	0
Not married and not living common law	39,670	18,325	21,345	40	20	20
Never married	24,365	13,410	10,955	25	15	10
Separated	3,080	1,290	1,790	5	0	0
Divorced	5,630	2,355	3,270	0	0	0
Widowed	6,595	1,270	5,325	10	5	10
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	25,720	...	...	30	...	...
2 persons	14,645	...	...	15	...	...
3 persons	5,480	...	...	10	...	...
4 persons	4,015	...	...	10	...	...
5 or more persons	1,585	...	...	0	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	25,725	...	...	30	...	...
Total couple families	20,040	...	...	25	...	...
Married couples	15,655	...	...	25	...	...
Common-law couples	4,385	...	...	0	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	5,680	...	...	5	...	...
Female parent	4,445	...	...	5	...	...
Male parent	1,235	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	20,040	...	...	25	...	...
Couples without children	11,080	...	...	10	...	...
Couples with children	8,960	...	...	15	...	...
1 child	3,970	...	...	10	...	...
2 children	3,585	...	...	10	...	...
3 or more children	1,410	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	5,680	...	...	5	...	...
1 child	3,565	...	...	5	...	...
2 children	1,505	...	...	0	...	...
3 or more children	610	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	21,105	10,105	10,995	15	10	10
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	42,090	...	...	45	...	...
One-census-family households	24,830	...	...	30	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	10,755	...	...	10	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	14,075	...	...	20	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	440	...	...	0	...	...
Non-census-family households	16,815	...	...	10	...	...
One-person households	14,930	...	...	10	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	1,880	...	...	5	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	92,255	44,870	47,380	100	50	50
English only	84,630	41,560	43,065	95	50	45
French only	70	40	30	0	0	0
English and French	7,135	3,125	4,015	5	0	5
Neither English nor French	420	145	275	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	92,255	44,875	47,385	100	50	50
English	89,890	43,810	46,080	105	50	50
French	1,875	895	980	0	0	0
English and French	90	40	50	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	400	135	270	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	1,915	910	1,010	0	0	0
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	2.1	2.0	2.1	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	92,260	44,875	47,385	100	50	50
Single responses	90,935	44,255	46,680	105	50	50
Official languages	80,230	39,365	40,865	100	55	50
English	78,170	38,405	39,765	100	50	50
French	2,060	965	1,100	0	0	0
Non-official languages	10,705	4,890	5,815	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	1,175	470	705	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	1,165	465	700	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	90	30	60	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	5	5	5	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Plains Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	25	10	20	0	0	0
Woods Cree	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	45	20	30	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	1,075	430	645	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	665	275	390	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	405	155	250	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	9,530	4,420	5,110	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	280	170	115	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	5	5	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	5	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	270	165	105	0	0	0
Amharic	10	5	5	0	0	0
Arabic	255	150	100	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	5	5	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	0	5	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	105	40	65	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	100	40	60	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	220	80	145	0	0	0
Bikol	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	5	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	0	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	15	5	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	185	60	120	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	160	85	75	0	0	0
Kannada	5	0	5	0	0	0
Malayalam	115	55	60	0	0	0
Tamil	30	20	5	0	0	0
Telugu	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	6,245	2,900	3,345	0	0	0
Albanian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Armenian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,835	760	1,070	0	0	0
Baltic languages	15	5	15	0	0	0
Latvian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	0	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,810	755	1,060	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Croatian	220	110	110	0	0	0
Czech	35	15	15	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Polish	705	285	425	0	0	0
Russian	85	35	50	0	0	0
Serbian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	5	0	0	0	0
Slovak	120	45	70	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	70	35	35	0	0	0
Ukrainian	520	195	325	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	15	5	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	0	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	750	330	420	0	0	0
Afrikaans	15	10	5	0	0	0
Danish	40	20	20	0	0	0
Dutch	155	60	95	0	0	0
Frisian	5	0	5	0	0	0
German	490	220	265	0	0	0
Icelandic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Swedish	40	15	25	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	115	60	60	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	515	295	220	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	410	240	175	0	0	0
Bengali	55	35	25	0	0	0
Gujarati	80	50	25	0	0	0
Hindi	95	55	35	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	5	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Nepali	25	15	10	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	60	30	25	0	0	0
Sindhi	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	90	50	45	0	0	0
Iranian languages	100	55	45	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	5	5	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	95	50	40	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	3,020	1,460	1,565	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	2,360	1,140	1,220	0	0	0
Portuguese	325	160	170	0	0	0
Romanian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Spanish	295	145	150	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Japanese	30	5	20	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	70	40	35	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	50	35	20	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	5	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	5	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	5	5	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	5	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	10	5	0	0	0
Dinka	5	5	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sign languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
American Sign Language	25	10	20	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	0	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	745	375	370	0	0	0
Chinese languages	505	250	255	0	0	0
Cantonese	160	65	90	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	295	155	140	0	0	0
Min Dong	5	5	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	35	20	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	240	125	115	0	0	0
Burmese	30	10	10	0	0	0
Karenic languages	205	100	100	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	20	10	15	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	1,530	650	875	0	0	0
Estonian	20	15	5	0	0	0
Finnish	1,395	580	815	0	0	0
Hungarian	105	55	50	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,325	620	705	0	0	0
English and French	265	130	140	0	0	0
English and non-official language	1,010	470	540	0	0	0
French and non-official language	20	10	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	20	5	10	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	92,255	44,870	47,380	105	55	50
Single responses	90,345	44,015	46,330	100	55	50
Official languages	87,025	42,470	44,560	100	50	50
English	86,435	42,190	44,240	105	50	50
French	595	280	315	0	0	0
Non-official languages	3,315	1,545	1,770	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	310	140	170	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	310	140	170	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	25	5	15	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	10	0	5	0	0	0
Woods Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	285	135	155	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	185	90	95	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	105	40	55	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,005	1,405	1,600	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	135	80	55	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	140	80	55	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	135	80	50	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	60	25	35	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	60	25	35	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	60	25	40	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	65	25	35	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	70	35	35	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	55	20	30	0	0	0
Tamil	10	5	5	0	0	0
Telugu	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,710	770	945	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	385	150	235	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	385	145	235	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	55	20	35	0	0	0
Czech	5	5	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	195	80	115	0	0	0
Russian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Serbian	10	5	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	10	5	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	25	10	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	55	15	40	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Afrikaans	5	5	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	30	10	15	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	35	15	20	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	290	155	140	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	230	120	110	0	0	0
Bengali	35	20	15	0	0	0
Gujarati	35	20	10	0	0	0
Hindi	45	30	20	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	20	10	10	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	30	10	15	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	65	30	35	0	0	0
Iranian languages	55	30	30	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	55	30	30	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	970	440	530	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	735	325	410	0	0	0
Portuguese	110	45	60	0	0	0
Romanian	10	5	0	0	0	0
Spanish	115	60	55	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	45	20	20	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	5	5	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dinka	5	5	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sign languages	45	30	15	0	0	0
American Sign Language	30	15	15	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	20	10	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	455	240	215	0	0	0
Chinese languages	290	150	135	0	0	0
Cantonese	80	35	40	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	185	100	85	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	20	10	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	165	85	80	0	0	0
Burmese	15	5	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages	150	75	75	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	5	10	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	380	165	215	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	365	160	205	0	0	0
Hungarian	15	10	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,915	865	1,055	0	0	0
English and French	160	80	80	0	0	0
English and non-official language	1,735	775	960	0	0	0
French and non-official language	5	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	92,260	44,875	47,380	100	50	50
None	85,115	41,635	43,485	105	50	50
English	1,815	870	940	0	0	0
French	1,405	615	785	0	0	0
Non-official language	3,825	1,715	2,110	0	0	0
Aboriginal	760	305	460	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	3,070	1,410	1,655	0	0	0
English and French	5	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	25	10	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	60	20	40	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	78,060	37,705	40,355	95	45	45
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	75,765	36,545	39,215	x	x	x
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,455	40,414	29,824	x	x	x
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	75,780	36,545	39,230	x	x	x
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,315	36,208	27,521	x	x	x
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	66,875	32,815	34,060	x	x	x
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,916	38,294	26,378	x	x	x
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	57,520	26,355	31,155	x	x	x
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,741	7,440	7,931	x	x	x
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	53,005	26,795	26,210	x	x	x
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,792	37,381	29,114	x	x	x
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	78,220	37,765	40,455	80	40	45
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	75,845	36,530	39,315	x	x	x
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,434	48,657	36,652	x	x	x
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	75,850	36,530	39,325	x	x	x
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,277	40,943	31,943	x	x	x
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	66,940	32,770	34,165	x	x	x
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,453	47,395	33,794	x	x	x
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	57,645	26,385	31,260	x	x	x
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,856	8,496	9,161	x	x	x
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	53,070	26,720	26,345	x	x	x
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,293	45,669	34,841	x	x	x
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	78,220	37,765	40,450	x	x	x
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	23,365	12,405	10,960	x	x	x
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	52,425	57,626	47,559	x	x	x
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	59,361	65,387	52,540	x	x	x
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	x	x	x
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	84.2	87.3	80.3	x	x	x
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	66.4	68.8	63.5	x	x	x
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	15.8	12.7	19.7	x	x	x
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	78,065	37,705	40,355	x	x	x
Without total income	2,295	1,155	1,140	x	x	x
With total income	75,765	36,545	39,215	x	x	x
Percentage with total income	97.1	96.9	97.2	x	x	x
Under $10,000 (including loss)	8,870	4,000	4,875	x	x	x
$10,000 to $19,999	13,165	5,105	8,055	x	x	x
$20,000 to $29,999	11,395	4,610	6,785	x	x	x
$30,000 to $39,999	9,785	4,395	5,390	x	x	x
$40,000 to $49,999	8,600	4,090	4,510	x	x	x
$50,000 to $59,999	6,870	3,630	3,240	x	x	x
$60,000 to $69,999	4,860	2,890	1,970	x	x	x
$70,000 to $79,999	3,480	2,110	1,370	x	x	x
$80,000 to $89,999	2,485	1,520	965	x	x	x
$90,000 to $99,999	2,045	1,225	820	x	x	x
$100,000 and over	4,210	2,970	1,235	x	x	x
$100,000 to $149,999	3,175	2,230	945	x	x	x
$150,000 and over	1,030	740	295	x	x	x
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	78,060	37,705	40,355	x	x	x
Without after-tax income	2,285	1,155	1,125	x	x	x
With after-tax income	75,780	36,550	39,230	x	x	x
Percentage with after-tax income	97.1	96.9	97.2	x	x	x
Under $10,000 (including loss)	9,190	4,045	5,140	x	x	x
$10,000 to $19,999	13,825	5,405	8,420	x	x	x
$20,000 to $29,999	13,215	5,455	7,760	x	x	x
$30,000 to $39,999	11,715	5,410	6,305	x	x	x
$40,000 to $49,999	9,845	5,025	4,820	x	x	x
$50,000 to $59,999	6,445	3,770	2,675	x	x	x
$60,000 to $69,999	4,245	2,630	1,620	x	x	x
$70,000 to $79,999	2,935	1,790	1,150	x	x	x
$80,000 and over	4,360	3,015	1,345	x	x	x
$80,000 to $89,999	1,815	1,165	650	x	x	x
$90,000 to $99,999	830	595	235	x	x	x
$100,000 and over	1,715	1,255	460	x	x	x
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	78,060	37,710	40,355	x	x	x
Without employment income	25,055	10,910	14,145	x	x	x
With employment income	53,005	26,795	26,210	x	x	x
Percentage with employment income	67.9	71.1	64.9	x	x	x
Under $5,000 (including loss)	7,860	3,935	3,925	x	x	x
$5,000 to $9,999	4,090	1,810	2,280	x	x	x
$10,000 to $19,999	7,020	3,100	3,925	x	x	x
$20,000 to $29,999	5,960	2,725	3,240	x	x	x
$30,000 to $39,999	5,560	2,435	3,125	x	x	x
$40,000 to $49,999	5,470	2,420	3,050	x	x	x
$50,000 to $59,999	4,600	2,430	2,170	x	x	x
$60,000 to $69,999	3,275	1,965	1,305	x	x	x
$70,000 to $79,999	2,460	1,500	965	x	x	x
$80,000 and over	6,705	4,470	2,235	x	x	x
$80,000 to $89,999	1,960	1,185	775	x	x	x
$90,000 to $99,999	1,710	1,010	695	x	x	x
$100,000 and over	3,040	2,275	760	x	x	x
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	42,090	...	...	40	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	61,887	...	...	109,824	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	54,959	...	...	92,160	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	14,935	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,164	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,033	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	27,155	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	83,315	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	73,252	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	42,135	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	76,383	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	65,308	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	14,840	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	41,614	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,754	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	27,295	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	95,290	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	81,378	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	42,085	...	...	x	...	...
Under $5,000	470	...	...	x	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	715	...	...	x	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,720	...	...	x	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,930	...	...	x	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,215	...	...	x	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,825	...	...	x	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,960	...	...	x	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,120	...	...	x	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,975	...	...	x	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,930	...	...	x	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,595	...	...	x	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,155	...	...	x	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,825	...	...	x	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,520	...	...	x	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,135	...	...	x	...	...
$100,000 and over	10,995	...	...	x	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,285	...	...	x	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,585	...	...	x	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,635	...	...	x	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,480	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	42,085	...	...	x	...	...
Under $5,000	490	...	...	x	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	720	...	...	x	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,760	...	...	x	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,010	...	...	x	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,480	...	...	x	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,090	...	...	x	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,360	...	...	x	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,435	...	...	x	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,375	...	...	x	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,285	...	...	x	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,945	...	...	x	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,570	...	...	x	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,090	...	...	x	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,610	...	...	x	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,190	...	...	x	...	...
$100,000 and over	7,670	...	...	x	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,650	...	...	x	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,980	...	...	x	...	...
$150,000 and over	2,030	...	...	x	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	25,765	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	83,865	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	73,584	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	10,515	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,902	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	69,508	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	9,060	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	113,883	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,269	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	5,400	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	50,931	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,560	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	25,925	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	96,157	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	81,974	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	10,580	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	90,597	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	76,850	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	9,110	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	124,802	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	105,432	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	5,395	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	60,687	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,962	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	19,060	9,140	9,920	x	x	x
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	30,917	32,412	29,767	x	x	x
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	28,453	29,478	27,716	x	x	x
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	18,820	8,955	9,865	x	x	x
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	38,566	41,112	36,253	x	x	x
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	33,305	34,897	31,860	x	x	x
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	91,315	44,505	46,815	x	x	x
In the bottom half of the distribution	46,815	22,025	24,790	x	x	x
In the bottom decile	10,910	5,370	5,545	x	x	x
In the second decile	9,125	3,945	5,180	x	x	x
In the third decile	8,565	3,930	4,630	x	x	x
In the fourth decile	8,970	4,215	4,750	x	x	x
In the fifth decile	9,250	4,565	4,690	x	x	x
In the top half of the distribution	44,500	22,480	22,020	x	x	x
In the sixth decile	9,645	4,740	4,910	x	x	x
In the seventh decile	9,345	4,695	4,650	x	x	x
In the eighth decile	9,675	4,910	4,770	x	x	x
In the ninth decile	9,285	4,775	4,515	x	x	x
In the top decile	6,550	3,370	3,180	x	x	x
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	91,320	44,505	46,815	x	x	x
0 to 17 years	16,130	8,280	7,850	x	x	x
0 to 5 years	5,315	2,765	2,550	x	x	x
18 to 64 years	57,510	28,345	29,170	x	x	x
65 years and over	17,675	7,875	9,795	x	x	x
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	14,965	6,915	8,055	x	x	x
0 to 17 years	3,980	2,080	1,910	x	x	x
0 to 5 years	1,565	825	735	x	x	x
18 to 64 years	8,985	4,215	4,770	x	x	x
65 years and over	2,000	625	1,375	x	x	x
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	16.4	15.5	17.2	x	x	x
0 to 17 years (%)	24.7	25.1	24.3	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	29.4	29.8	28.8	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	15.6	14.9	16.4	x	x	x
65 years and over (%)	11.3	7.9	14.0	x	x	x
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	8,925	4,495	4,430	x	x	x
0 to 17 years	2,130	1,140	995	x	x	x
0 to 5 years	900	480	420	x	x	x
18 to 64 years	6,410	3,220	3,185	x	x	x
65 years and over	380	135	245	x	x	x
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	9.8	10.1	9.5	x	x	x
0 to 17 years (%)	13.2	13.8	12.7	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	16.9	17.4	16.5	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	11.1	11.4	10.9	x	x	x
65 years and over (%)	2.1	1.7	2.5	x	x	x
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	91,495	44,495	47,000	95	50	50
Official languages	91,085	44,340	46,745	95	45	50
English	91,030	44,300	46,730	100	45	45
French	7,050	3,045	4,005	0	0	0
Non-official languages	13,385	6,245	7,140	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	1,655	735	920	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	1,655	735	920	0	0	0
Blackfoot	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	125	40	85	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	10	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	110	30	80	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	1,555	700	855	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	910	415	490	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	655	290	360	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	11,755	5,525	6,230	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	430	245	185	0	0	0
Berber languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	415	235	180	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	390	215	170	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	15	10	10	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	15	10	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	15	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	100	30	75	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	100	25	75	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	245	95	155	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	0	15	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	25	15	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	220	75	150	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	70	50	15	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	65	50	15	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	130	55	75	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	85	40	50	0	0	0
Tamil	45	15	25	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	7,860	3,750	4,110	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,995	880	1,120	0	0	0
Baltic languages	15	0	15	0	0	0
Latvian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,975	875	1,105	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	270	145	120	0	0	0
Czech	60	25	30	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	870	390	480	0	0	0
Russian	125	45	75	0	0	0
Serbian	70	25	45	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	20	20	0	0	0	0
Slovak	140	65	75	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	85	30	55	0	0	0
Ukrainian	510	185	325	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	10	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	910	395	515	0	0	0
Afrikaans	30	20	10	0	0	0
Danish	40	10	30	0	0	0
Dutch	125	55	75	0	0	0
Frisian	10	0	0	0	0	0
German	665	295	370	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Swedish	40	10	30	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	150	90	60	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	755	445	315	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	610	355	250	0	0	0
Bengali	145	95	50	0	0	0
Gujarati	65	40	25	0	0	0
Hindi	230	140	95	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	10	0	10	0	0	0
Nepali	40	25	15	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	95	45	45	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	170	95	80	0	0	0
Iranian languages	160	90	65	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	15	15	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	145	75	65	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	4,140	1,975	2,165	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	3,070	1,500	1,570	0	0	0
Portuguese	370	145	225	0	0	0
Romanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	750	350	395	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	20	0	10	0	0	0
Japanese	40	25	15	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	115	50	70	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	155	100	55	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	35	20	10	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	10	10	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	15	15	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	10	10	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	25	15	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	60	35	30	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	155	70	80	0	0	0
American Sign Language	85	25	65	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	65	45	20	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	845	400	440	0	0	0
Chinese languages	540	260	280	0	0	0
Cantonese	205	85	120	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	325	170	155	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	15	0	15	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	40	15	25	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	305	140	165	0	0	0
Burmese	75	45	30	0	0	0
Karenic languages	270	125	145	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	25	10	20	0	0	0
Lao	0	10	0	0	0	0
Thai	20	0	20	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	1,775	735	1,040	0	0	0
Estonian	45	10	35	0	0	0
Finnish	1,570	640	930	0	0	0
Hungarian	155	90	65	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	91,495	44,495	47,000	95	50	50
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	89,290	43,360	45,930	95	45	45
Canadian citizens aged under 18	16,110	8,225	7,885	10	10	0
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	73,175	35,135	38,040	80	40	45
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	2,205	1,130	1,070	0	0	0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	91,495	44,495	47,000	95	45	45
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	82,135	39,885	42,245	95	45	50
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	8,535	4,155	4,380	0	0	0
Before 1981	5,510	2,530	2,980	0	0	0
1981 to 1990	665	365	300	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	710	370	340	0	0	0
2001 to 2010	1,045	560	485	0	0	0
2001 to 2005	460	270	185	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	590	290	295	0	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	605	325	280	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	825	455	370	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	8,535	4,150	4,385	0	0	0
Under 5 years	1,320	645	680	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	1,770	865	905	0	0	0
15 to 24 years	2,310	1,120	1,190	0	0	0
25 to 44 years	2,860	1,420	1,440	0	0	0
45 years and over	275	105	165	0	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	8,535	4,150	4,385	0	0	0
Americas	925	450	475	0	0	0
Brazil	10	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	50	25	25	0	0	0
El Salvador	25	15	10	0	0	0
Guyana	15	0	10	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	25	15	0	0	0	0
Mexico	40	10	25	0	0	0
Peru	20	15	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	30	0	25	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	595	280	310	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	120	75	50	0	0	0
Europe	5,700	2,685	3,015	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	0	10	0	0	0
Croatia	170	95	75	0	0	0
France	55	15	45	0	0	0
Germany	445	215	235	0	0	0
Greece	80	40	40	0	0	0
Hungary	95	65	35	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	60	30	35	0	0	0
Italy	1,760	890	865	0	0	0
Netherlands	140	50	90	0	0	0
Poland	515	240	275	0	0	0
Portugal	205	100	105	0	0	0
Romania	25	15	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	40	15	25	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	50	20	30	0	0	0
Ukraine	80	25	50	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	910	430	475	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	1,075	435	635	0	0	0
Africa	245	160	80	0	0	0
Algeria	10	10	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	25	15	10	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	25	25	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	15	20	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	160	85	70	0	0	0
Asia	1,600	805	795	0	0	0
Afghanistan	15	10	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	100	60	40	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	235	125	115	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	50	25	25	0	0	0
India	135	95	45	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	95	50	40	0	0	0
Iraq	15	10	10	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lebanon	30	15	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	110	50	60	0	0	0
Philippines	225	85	145	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	20	0	15	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	25	10	15	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	80	35	45	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	445	230	210	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	75	55	15	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	605	325	285	0	0	0
Americas	100	45	55	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	10	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	60	30	25	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	25	0	20	0	0	0
Europe	60	20	35	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	25	10	20	0	0	0
Africa	45	30	15	0	0	0
Algeria	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	10	0	10	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	25	15	10	0	0	0
Asia	395	215	175	0	0	0
Afghanistan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	15	10	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	40	25	15	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	10	0	0	0
India	60	55	10	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	30	10	15	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	40	25	15	0	0	0
Pakistan	30	10	15	0	0	0
Philippines	40	15	25	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	20	10	15	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	10	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	80	45	30	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	15	15	0	0	0	0
Australia	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	91,495	44,495	47,000	95	45	50
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	9,640	4,775	4,865	0	0	0
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	17,180	8,245	8,935	0	0	0
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	64,670	31,475	33,200	95	45	45
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	3,155	1,670	1,480	0	0	0
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	1,250	700	550	0	0	0
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	540	395	145	0	0	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	710	300	405	0	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	1,085	525	555	0	0	0
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	800	450	355	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	20	0	20	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	91,500	44,495	47,000	95	45	50
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	12,550	5,940	6,610	0	0	0
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	12,320	5,800	6,520	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	9,715	4,570	5,145	0	0	0
Métis	2,580	1,220	1,360	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	100	75	25	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	125	65	65	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	78,950	38,555	40,395	95	45	50
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	91,495	44,495	47,000	95	45	50
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	8,970	4,200	4,765	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	82,525	40,295	42,235	95	45	50
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	91,500	44,490	47,000	95	45	50
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	5,145	2,395	2,750	0	0	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	5,130	2,385	2,750	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	4,850	2,255	2,605	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	275	135	140	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	15	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15	10	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	7,745	3,730	4,010	10	10	0
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	7,490	3,620	3,870	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	5,400	2,620	2,780	10	10	10
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,050	975	1,070	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	45	20	20	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	255	115	140	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	225	100	125	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	30	10	20	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	78,600	38,365	40,240	90	40	45
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	91,495	44,495	47,000	100	50	50
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	4,265	2,240	2,030	0	0	0
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	825	470	355	0	0	0
Chinese	665	310	355	0	0	0
Black	600	350	255	0	0	0
Filipino	335	150	190	0	0	0
Latin American	325	185	140	0	0	0
Arab	335	185	150	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	495	225	265	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	135	75	60	0	0	0
Korean	125	70	55	0	0	0
Japanese	200	115	80	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	40	20	20	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	190	85	100	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	87,225	42,255	44,975	95	50	50
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	91,495	44,495	47,005	95	50	45
North American Aboriginal origins	12,895	6,130	6,765	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian)	10,520	4,990	5,530	10	0	10
Inuit	80	35	45	0	0	0
Métis	2,560	1,225	1,340	0	0	0
Other North American origins	22,140	11,000	11,135	20	15	10
Acadian	115	40	70	0	0	0
American	985	465	515	0	0	0
Canadian	21,415	10,690	10,725	20	15	10
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	80	40	40	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Québécois	10	10	10	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	73,900	35,705	38,190	85	35	45
British Isles origins	42,370	20,235	22,135	80	40	45
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	10	10	0	0	0	0
English	24,515	11,730	12,785	0	0	0
Irish	16,895	7,880	9,015	80	40	40
Manx	20	15	0	0	0	0
Scottish	19,020	9,070	9,950	0	0	0
Welsh	1,705	785	920	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	1,605	790	815	0	0	0
French origins	14,970	7,215	7,750	25	0	20
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	10	0	10	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	14,955	7,215	7,740	30	10	20
Western European origins (except French origins)	12,945	6,225	6,715	0	0	0
Austrian	710	345	365	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	325	175	150	0	0	0
Dutch	2,790	1,285	1,500	0	0	0
Flemish	45	25	20	0	0	0
Frisian	15	0	15	0	0	0
German	9,545	4,625	4,920	0	0	0
Luxembourger	10	10	0	0	0	0
Swiss	315	135	180	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	16,210	7,605	8,610	0	0	0
Danish	1,025	510	515	0	0	0
Finnish	10,020	4,710	5,305	0	0	0
Icelandic	595	270	325	0	0	0
Norwegian	2,500	1,155	1,340	0	0	0
Swedish	4,040	1,815	2,225	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	260	150	105	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	19,700	9,370	10,330	0	0	0
Bulgarian	50	20	30	0	0	0
Byelorussian	20	10	20	0	0	0
Czech	260	160	100	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	240	100	140	0	0	0
Estonian	200	75	130	0	0	0
Hungarian	755	365	390	0	0	0
Latvian	180	85	90	0	0	0
Lithuanian	160	70	85	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	6,285	3,135	3,150	0	0	0
Romanian	405	120	290	0	0	0
Russian	1,095	540	555	0	0	0
Slovak	1,860	815	1,050	0	0	0
Ukrainian	12,005	5,650	6,355	0	0	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	30	20	10	0	0	0
Southern European origins	15,275	7,575	7,700	0	0	0
Albanian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	920	435	485	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	625	305	320	0	0	0
Italian	12,475	6,205	6,270	0	0	0
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	35	20	15	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	795	390	400	0	0	0
Serbian	120	60	60	0	0	0
Sicilian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Slovenian	260	125	135	0	0	0
Spanish	380	180	195	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	215	105	110	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	290	130	165	0	0	0
Basque	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jewish	140	55	85	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	20	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	125	55	70	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	350	195	155	0	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	40	25	20	0	0	0
Bermudan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	45	25	25	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Jamaican	175	105	70	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	30	10	30	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	25	15	10	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	560	265	290	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	40	10	25	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	65	20	45	0	0	0
Chilean	60	30	35	0	0	0
Colombian	60	30	30	0	0	0
Costa Rican	20	10	10	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Guatemalan	20	10	15	0	0	0
Guyanese	20	20	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Honduran	10	0	10	0	0	0
Maya	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mexican	115	55	60	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Salvadorean	50	30	20	0	0	0
Uruguayan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	50	40	15	0	0	0
African origins	720	435	290	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	220	135	85	0	0	0
Akan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Chadian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	50	35	20	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	80	40	40	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	40	30	10	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	10	10	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	30	25	10	0	0	0
North African origins	105	65	40	0	0	0
Algerian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Libyan	25	10	15	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	45	25	20	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	145	90	50	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	10	10	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	10	0	0	0	0
South African	70	55	15	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	10	0	10	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other African origins	270	155	115	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	25	20	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	245	130	110	0	0	0
Asian origins	3,620	1,830	1,785	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	740	385	355	0	0	0
Afghan	35	25	10	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	190	100	85	0	0	0
Armenian	30	25	10	0	0	0
Assyrian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	155	80	75	0	0	0
Iraqi	15	10	10	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	160	60	100	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	85	40	40	0	0	0
Syrian	35	25	15	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	10	0	10	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	10	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	30	10	15	0	0	0
South Asian origins	790	450	340	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	90	55	35	0	0	0
Bengali	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	485	270	220	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	40	30	10	0	0	0
Pakistani	80	50	30	0	0	0
Punjabi	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	30	10	20	0	0	0
Tamil	15	10	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	65	30	35	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	2,115	1,000	1,120	0	0	0
Burmese	50	30	20	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	15	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese	830	405	425	0	0	0
Filipino	365	160	200	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	40	25	20	0	0	0
Japanese	305	155	145	0	0	0
Karen	280	125	150	0	0	0
Korean	125	70	60	0	0	0
Laotian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	60	30	25	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Thai	15	0	15	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	130	40	90	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	35	25	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	35	25	10	0	0	0
Oceania origins	115	65	50	0	0	0
Australian	45	30	20	0	0	0
New Zealander	60	30	30	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	15	10	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	10	0	10	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	42,135	...	...	45	...	...
Owner	27,985	...	...	40	...	...
Renter	14,150	...	...	0	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	42,135	...	...	45	...	...
Condominium	1,785	...	...	0	...	...
Not condominium	40,350	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	42,135	...	...	45	...	...
No bedrooms	125	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	5,745	...	...	0	...	...
2 bedrooms	11,260	...	...	0	...	...
3 bedrooms	15,615	...	...	30	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	9,380	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	42,135	...	...	45	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	10,985	...	...	0	...	...
5 rooms	7,265	...	...	0	...	...
6 rooms	7,190	...	...	15	...	...
7 rooms	5,630	...	...	10	...	...
8 or more rooms	11,070	...	...	10	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.1	...	...	7.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	42,135	...	...	45	...	...
One person or fewer per room	41,825	...	...	40	...	...
More than 1 person per room	315	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	42,135	...	...	45	...	...
Suitable	40,900	...	...	45	...	...
Not suitable	1,235	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	42,135	...	...	45	...	...
1960 or before	18,600	...	...	0	...	...
1961 to 1980	15,045	...	...	10	...	...
1981 to 1990	4,100	...	...	15	...	...
1991 to 2000	2,500	...	...	10	...	...
2001 to 2005	720	...	...	0	...	...
2006 to 2010	635	...	...	0	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	530	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	42,135	...	...	45	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	39,035	...	...	40	...	...
Major repairs needed	3,100	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	42,135	...	...	45	...	...
1 household maintainer	26,990	...	...	25	...	...
2 household maintainers	14,380	...	...	15	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	765	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	42,135	...	...	40	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,535	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	5,865	...	...	0	...	...
35 to 44 years	5,825	...	...	0	...	...
45 to 54 years	7,695	...	...	10	...	...
55 to 64 years	8,815	...	...	15	...	...
65 to 74 years	6,470	...	...	0	...	...
75 to 84 years	4,100	...	...	0	...	...
85 years and over	1,835	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	42,120	...	...	x	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	33,090	...	...	x	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	9,030	...	...	x	...	...
30% to less than 100%	8,030	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	27,985	...	...	45	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	53.4	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	10.5	...	...	x	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	860	...	...	521	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,006	...	...	631	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	219,491	...	...	150,169	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	233,225	...	...	172,840	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	14,155	...	...	0	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	24.9	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	43.1	...	...	x	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	826	...	...	0	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	842	...	...	0	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	78,220	37,765	40,455	85	40	45
No certificate, diploma or degree	16,330	8,065	8,265	20	10	0
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	21,000	10,045	10,955	25	15	10
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	40,890	19,655	21,235	40	20	25
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	5,890	4,640	1,245	0	0	0
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,615	1,805	815	0	10	0
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	3,270	2,835	430	0	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	18,625	7,760	10,865	20	10	10
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,445	655	790	10	0	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	14,930	6,600	8,335	15	10	10
Bachelor's degree	10,730	4,495	6,230	10	10	10
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	995	420	580	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	375	200	175	0	0	0
Master's degree	2,340	1,135	1,205	0	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	495	345	155	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	48,925	23,915	25,010	60	35	30
No certificate, diploma or degree	6,195	3,360	2,830	10	10	0
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	12,650	6,320	6,335	15	10	10
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	30,080	14,235	15,850	35	15	25
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,685	2,990	695	0	10	0
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,605	1,165	440	10	0	0
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,080	1,825	255	0	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	14,095	5,920	8,175	15	10	10
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	890	395	490	10	0	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	11,410	4,925	6,480	10	0	10
Bachelor's degree	8,130	3,365	4,765	15	0	10
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	715	300	415	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	270	140	135	0	0	0
Master's degree	1,900	850	1,045	0	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	390	270	125	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	78,220	37,765	40,455	80	40	45
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	37,325	18,110	19,215	40	20	20
Education	3,225	850	2,370	0	0	0
13. Education	3,225	855	2,375	0	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,030	590	440	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	270	205	65	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	760	390	370	0	0	0
Humanities	1,820	810	1,010	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	55	25	35	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	595	210	385	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	530	180	350	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	70	40	30	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	180	105	75	0	0	0
54. History	300	230	70	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	85	20	60	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	4,370	1,320	3,055	0	0	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	95	10	85	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	150	85	70	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,090	145	940	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	460	180	280	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	175	20	155	0	0	0
42. Psychology	1,000	260	740	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	1,395	615	780	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	7,600	2,580	5,025	0	0	0
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	0	20	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	1,560	335	1,225	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	6,030	2,245	3,785	0	0	0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,360	750	610	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	620	300	325	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	195	95	100	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	25	20	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	480	340	140	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	40	10	40	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	935	550	390	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	705	480	220	0	0	0
25. Library science	155	15	135	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	80	50	30	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	8,960	8,445	515	10	0	0
04. Architecture and related services	220	160	65	0	0	0
14. Engineering	1,135	1,010	130	0	10	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,060	1,850	205	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,865	1,850	15	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,330	2,290	45	0	0	0
48. Precision production	1,350	1,285	60	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	920	680	235	0	0	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	155	100	55	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	760	585	175	0	0	0
Health and related fields	7,825	1,415	6,410	15	0	15
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	650	325	325	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	7,050	1,010	6,045	15	0	15
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	125	85	45	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,835	1,660	1,180	15	15	10
12. Personal and culinary services	1,320	400	925	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	720	535	190	10	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	785	715	70	0	10	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	48,925	23,915	25,010	65	30	30
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	18,845	9,680	9,165	25	15	10
Education	2,200	535	1,665	10	0	0
13. Education	2,200	535	1,665	0	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	775	455	325	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	210	140	65	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	570	310	255	0	0	0
Humanities	1,325	590	735	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	40	15	25	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	410	135	275	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	405	140	260	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	50	30	15	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	160	95	65	0	0	0
54. History	215	160	55	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	60	10	45	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,370	970	2,400	0	0	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	95	10	85	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	110	60	50	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	855	130	725	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	385	135	255	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	150	25	130	0	0	0
42. Psychology	740	185	555	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	1,030	430	595	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	5,895	1,985	3,910	0	0	0
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	0	20	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	1,285	265	1,025	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,590	1,720	2,875	0	0	0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,000	550	450	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	495	250	250	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	115	50	70	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	10	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	355	240	115	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	0	20	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	765	460	305	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	595	410	185	0	0	0
25. Library science	110	10	100	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	60	40	25	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	6,275	5,855	425	0	0	0
04. Architecture and related services	195	135	65	0	0	0
14. Engineering	815	720	95	0	10	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,530	1,355	170	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,210	1,200	10	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,625	1,590	40	0	0	0
48. Precision production	895	855	40	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	710	510	195	0	0	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	110	65	40	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	600	450	155	0	0	0
Health and related fields	5,670	1,075	4,595	15	0	15
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	465	220	240	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	5,125	810	4,315	15	0	10
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	85	50	35	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,095	1,245	845	15	10	10
12. Personal and culinary services	910	275	635	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	550	390	155	10	0	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	625	570	55	10	10	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	78,215	37,765	40,455	85	40	45
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	37,325	18,110	19,215	45	20	20
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	40,890	19,650	21,240	40	20	20
Location of study inside Canada	38,425	18,305	20,120	40	20	20
Same as province or territory of residence	36,045	17,160	18,880	40	20	20
Different than province or territory of residence	2,385	1,140	1,245	0	0	0
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	2,460	1,350	1,120	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	740	420	325	0	0	0
Philippines	125	35	90	0	0	0
India	160	80	80	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	300	170	135	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	85	55	30	0	0	0
France	25	10	10	0	0	0
Other	1,030	580	450	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	48,925	23,915	25,010	60	30	35
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	18,840	9,685	9,165	25	15	0
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	30,080	14,230	15,850	40	15	20
Location of study inside Canada	28,610	13,455	15,155	40	15	20
Same as province or territory of residence	26,870	12,640	14,230	35	15	25
Different than province or territory of residence	1,735	810	925	0	0	0
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,470	780	695	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	405	215	190	0	0	0
Philippines	105	25	80	0	0	0
India	75	50	30	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	125	70	50	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	80	50	25	0	0	0
France	20	10	10	0	0	0
Other	670	360	305	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	78,220	37,765	40,450	80	40	45
In the labour force	46,685	23,585	23,105	45	25	15
Employed	42,980	21,320	21,660	30	15	15
Unemployed	3,705	2,265	1,440	10	10	10
Not in the labour force	31,530	14,180	17,350	40	15	30
Participation rate	59.7	62.5	57.1	56.2	62.5	33.3
Employment rate	54.9	56.5	53.5	37.5	37.5	33.3
Unemployment rate	7.9	9.6	6.2	22.2	40.0	66.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	78,220	37,765	40,450	80	40	45
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	29,420	13,250	16,170	15	0	15
Worked	48,800	24,515	24,280	70	40	30
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	23,665	12,605	11,060	10	10	10
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	25,130	11,910	13,225	60	30	30
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.4	42.1	42.7	27.7	27.1	28.6
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	46,690	23,585	23,105	45	25	15
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	840	510	325	0	0	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	45,850	23,070	22,780	40	30	15
Employee	42,760	21,195	21,565	35	20	15
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	3,090	1,875	1,215	15	0	0
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	46,685	23,585	23,105	45	25	15
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	835	510	325	0	0	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	45,850	23,070	22,780	45	25	20
0 Management occupations	3,460	1,970	1,495	0	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	6,610	1,790	4,820	0	0	0
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	2,755	2,270	485	0	0	0
3 Health occupations	4,525	905	3,615	0	0	10
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	6,625	2,150	4,470	10	10	0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,065	465	600	0	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	12,010	5,225	6,785	0	0	10
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	6,815	6,485	335	0	0	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	850	780	70	25	25	10
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,130	1,030	95	0	0	0
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	46,690	23,580	23,105	45	30	20
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	840	510	325	0	0	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	45,850	23,070	22,780	45	25	20
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	545	445	100	25	15	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	570	510	60	0	0	0
22 Utilities	390	310	75	0	0	0
23 Construction	3,025	2,725	310	0	0	0
31-33 Manufacturing	2,465	2,100	370	0	0	0
41 Wholesale trade	1,235	935	300	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	5,800	2,720	3,075	0	0	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,325	1,840	485	0	0	0
51 Information and cultural industries	970	590	380	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	1,025	355	665	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	610	350	260	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,525	1,400	1,120	0	0	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	10	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,510	905	610	10	0	10
61 Educational services	3,930	1,355	2,575	0	0	0
62 Health care and social assistance	8,470	1,675	6,800	10	0	10
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	900	435	465	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	3,930	1,545	2,385	0	0	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,040	945	1,090	0	0	0
91 Public administration	3,575	1,925	1,645	0	10	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	42,980	21,315	21,665	30	15	15
Worked at home	1,425	635	790	0	0	0
Worked outside Canada	85	55	30	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	4,535	3,270	1,265	20	15	10
Worked at usual place	36,940	17,365	19,575	10	10	10
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	36,935	17,365	19,570	15	0	10
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	35,025	16,150	18,875	0	0	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,165	725	440	0	0	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	590	380	210	10	0	0
Commute to a different province or territory	155	105	50	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	41,475	20,630	20,840	30	20	15
Car, truck, van - as a driver	33,475	16,820	16,650	10	0	0
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	2,680	1,120	1,560	10	0	10
Public transit	2,050	885	1,170	0	0	0
Walked	2,155	1,045	1,110	0	0	0
Bicycle	605	445	160	0	0	0
Other method	510	320	190	15	10	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	41,470	20,630	20,840	30	15	10
Less than 15 minutes	21,225	9,880	11,350	10	0	10
15 to 29 minutes	16,305	8,470	7,835	10	0	0
30 to 44 minutes	2,405	1,300	1,110	0	0	0
45 to 59 minutes	490	225	265	0	10	0
60 minutes and over	1,050	765	285	10	10	10
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	41,470	20,630	20,840	30	20	15
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,525	1,100	430	10	0	10
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	5,130	2,920	2,210	10	10	0
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	10,805	6,170	4,635	0	0	0
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	12,225	4,740	7,490	10	10	0
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	4,780	1,965	2,815	0	0	0
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	7,005	3,740	3,265	10	10	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	50,295	25,235	25,060	70	40	35
Single responses	50,015	25,130	24,890	70	35	30
Official languages	49,925	25,075	24,850	70	40	30
English	49,635	24,990	24,645	70	40	30
French	285	85	205	0	0	0
Non-official languages	100	50	45	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	45	25	15	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	40	25	15	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	40	25	15	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	30	15	15	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	60	25	30	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	30	15	10	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	25	15	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	0	10	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	275	110	170	0	0	0
English and French	110	40	65	0	0	0
English and non-official language	160	60	95	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	50,290	25,235	25,055	70	40	30
None	48,690	24,500	24,190	65	40	25
English	265	100	160	0	0	0
French	780	375	405	10	0	10
Non-official language	530	250	280	0	0	0
Aboriginal	180	70	105	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	350	175	175	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	30	10	20	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	90,710	44,135	46,575	95	50	45
Non-movers	79,125	38,545	40,580	100	45	50
Movers	11,580	5,585	5,990	0	0	0
Non-migrants	8,325	4,000	4,325	0	0	0
Migrants	3,260	1,590	1,670	0	0	0
Internal migrants	2,885	1,415	1,465	0	0	0
Intraprovincial migrants	2,265	1,055	1,210	0	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	620	360	255	0	0	0
External migrants	370	170	200	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	87,245	42,370	44,880	90	40	50
Non-movers	57,775	28,040	29,730	90	45	50
Movers	29,480	14,330	15,150	0	0	0
Non-migrants	20,880	10,065	10,820	0	0	0
Migrants	8,590	4,260	4,330	0	0	0
Internal migrants	7,250	3,565	3,690	0	0	0
Intraprovincial migrants	5,700	2,715	2,980	0	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	1,555	850	710	0	0	0
External migrants	1,340	700	645	0	0	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

x

area and data suppression

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Thunder Bay [Population centre], Ontario and Point Lance, T [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 8, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Thunder Bay [Population centre], Ontario and Point Lance, Town [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador

Census Profile, 2016 Census Thunder Bay [Population centre], Ontario and Point Lance, Town [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Thunder Bay [Population centre], Ontario and Point Lance, Town [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador