Census Profile, 2016 Census
Trois-Rivières [Population centre], Quebec and Rivers [Population centre], Manitoba

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Trois-Rivières Quebec [Population centre]			Rivers Manitoba [Population centre]
	Data quality , Trois-Rivières [Population centre], Quebec Map : Trois-Rivières [Population centre], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Rivers [Population centre], Manitoba Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	114,203	...	...	1,257	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	112,626 ^r	...	...	1,149^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	1.4	...	...	9.4	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	59,235	...	...	540	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	54,919	...	...	513	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,581.2	...	...	1,454.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	72.23	...	...	0.86	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	114,205	54,550	59,655	1,255	620	635
0 to 14 years	14,980	7,785	7,200	300	155	140
0 to 4 years	4,915	2,545	2,375	120	65	50
5 to 9 years	5,205	2,710	2,490	100	55	45
10 to 14 years	4,870	2,525	2,340	80	40	40
15 to 64 years	71,785	35,240	36,545	745	375	370
15 to 19 years	5,585	2,790	2,790	70	40	30
20 to 24 years	7,960	3,895	4,065	70	30	35
25 to 29 years	6,880	3,510	3,370	100	55	45
30 to 34 years	6,315	3,220	3,095	95	40	55
35 to 39 years	6,355	3,225	3,135	70	35	35
40 to 44 years	5,615	2,765	2,845	75	35	40
45 to 49 years	6,160	2,985	3,175	65	30	35
50 to 54 years	8,450	4,045	4,410	75	35	40
55 to 59 years	9,535	4,555	4,980	70	40	30
60 to 64 years	8,930	4,250	4,685	55	30	25
65 years and over	27,435	11,525	15,905	220	90	125
65 to 69 years	8,060	3,780	4,280	50	20	30
70 to 74 years	6,705	3,045	3,660	55	25	35
75 to 79 years	4,850	2,030	2,825	30	15	15
80 to 84 years	3,795	1,485	2,310	30	15	15
85 years and over	4,025	1,195	2,825	55	20	30
85 to 89 years	2,615	885	1,725	35	15	15
90 to 94 years	1,115	260	860	20	5	10
95 to 99 years	250	45	205	5	0	5
100 years and over	40	5	35	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	13.1	14.3	12.1	23.9	25.0	22.0
15 to 64 years	62.9	64.6	61.3	59.4	60.5	58.3
65 years and over	24.0	21.1	26.7	17.5	14.5	19.7
85 years and over	3.5	2.2	4.7	4.4	3.2	4.7
Average age of the population	45.4	43.6	47.0	38.1	36.5	39.7
Median age of the population	47.9	45.1	50.2	35.0	33.8	37.3
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	54,920	...	...	515	...	...
Single-detached house	20,360	...	...	400	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,065	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	33,430	...	...	100	...	...
Semi-detached house	3,880	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	1,640	...	...	65	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	4,775	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	22,870	...	...	15	...	...
Other single-attached house	260	...	...	20	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	55	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	54,920	...	...	510	...	...
1 person	22,520	...	...	165	...	...
2 persons	19,835	...	...	160	...	...
3 persons	6,140	...	...	70	...	...
4 persons	4,530	...	...	70	...	...
5 or more persons	1,890	...	...	50	...	...
Number of persons in private households	108,975	...	...	1,220	...	...
Average household size	2.0	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	99,220	46,765	52,450	960	465	495
Married or living common law	50,735	25,360	25,380	590	300	295
Married	27,740	13,890	13,850	485	245	240
Living common law	22,995	11,470	11,530	110	55	55
Not married and not living common law	48,480	21,410	27,070	365	165	200
Never married	30,965	15,970	15,000	205	115	90
Separated	1,435	645	795	25	5	15
Divorced	8,815	3,320	5,490	55	25	30
Widowed	7,265	1,475	5,795	90	20	65
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	30,385	...	...	335	...	...
2 persons	18,785	...	...	160	...	...
3 persons	5,665	...	...	70	...	...
4 persons	4,335	...	...	65	...	...
5 or more persons	1,605	...	...	45	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	30,385	...	...	335	...	...
Total couple families	24,620	...	...	290	...	...
Married couples	13,190	...	...	240	...	...
Common-law couples	11,430	...	...	55	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	5,760	...	...	45	...	...
Female parent	4,410	...	...	35	...	...
Male parent	1,360	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	24,620	...	...	290	...	...
Couples without children	15,045	...	...	130	...	...
Couples with children	9,580	...	...	160	...	...
1 child	4,090	...	...	50	...	...
2 children	3,980	...	...	60	...	...
3 or more children	1,510	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	5,765	...	...	40	...	...
1 child	3,740	...	...	25	...	...
2 children	1,580	...	...	15	...	...
3 or more children	450	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	28,550	13,335	15,215	210	95	115
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	54,920	...	...	510	...	...
One-census-family households	30,025	...	...	330	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	14,905	...	...	130	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	15,120	...	...	195	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	180	...	...	5	...	...
Non-census-family households	24,710	...	...	180	...	...
One-person households	22,525	...	...	165	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	2,190	...	...	15	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	112,555	53,890	58,665	1,225	605	615
English only	180	95	80	1,165	580	585
French only	77,050	34,175	42,880	0	0	0
English and French	35,090	19,515	15,575	50	25	30
Neither English nor French	235	100	135	5	0	5
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	112,555	53,890	58,665	1,220	605	615
English	1,415	705	715	1,200	600	600
French	110,335	52,770	57,565	15	5	10
English and French	580	320	260	5	0	5
Neither English nor French	230	95	135	5	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	1,710	865	845	15	5	10
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.5	1.6	1.4	1.2	0.8	1.6
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	112,555	53,890	58,665	1,225	605	615
Single responses	111,675	53,425	58,255	1,215	600	610
Official languages	108,570	51,865	56,705	1,145	565	580
English	1,295	625	665	1,130	560	575
French	107,280	51,240	56,040	15	5	10
Non-official languages	3,105	1,555	1,550	70	35	35
Aboriginal languages	150	70	80	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	145	70	80	0	0	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	145	65	80	0	0	0
Atikamekw	140	60	80	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	5	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,955	1,490	1,465	70	35	30
Afro-Asiatic languages	685	390	295	0	0	0
Berber languages	55	25	25	0	0	0
Kabyle	25	15	15	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	20	15	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	5	0	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	635	360	270	0	5	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	630	360	270	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	5	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	90	40	45	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	25	10	15	0	0	0
Vietnamese	65	30	35	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	35	20	20	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	15	5	10	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	5	0	5	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	85	40	50	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	10	5	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	75	30	45	0	5	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tamil	5	5	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,430	680	755	55	35	25
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	115	50	65	5	0	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	115	50	65	10	5	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Croatian	10	5	0	0	0	0
Czech	10	0	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	5	10	0	0	0
Russian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Serbian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	0	10	5	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	65	25	35	40	25	15
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	20	0	10	5	0	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	35	15	15	30	20	15
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	5	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Swedish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	5	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	65	45	20	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	45	30	15	5	5	0
Indo-Aryan languages	15	5	5	5	5	0
Bengali	5	5	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	5	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	5	0	0
Iranian languages	30	20	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	25	15	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,145	530	615	10	5	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	35	25	10	0	0	0
Portuguese	90	40	45	0	0	0
Romanian	50	10	35	0	0	0
Spanish	970	450	525	10	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	5	10	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	365	200	165	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	10	5	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	10	5	5	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	25	15	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	50	25	25	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	125	65	65	0	0	0
Wolof	30	20	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	95	50	45	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	15	5	0	0	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	10	10	5	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	5	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	155	65	90	10	0	5
Chinese languages	155	70	85	10	5	5
Cantonese	30	15	20	0	0	0
Hakka	5	0	5	0	0	0
Mandarin	105	45	60	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	0	5	0	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Lao	15	10	5	0	0	0
Thai	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	5	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	0	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	5	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	15	5	10	0	0	0
Multiple responses	880	465	410	10	5	0
English and French	520	275	240	5	0	5
English and non-official language	15	15	5	5	0	0
French and non-official language	325	170	150	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	20	10	10	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	112,560	53,890	58,665	1,220	605	615
Single responses	111,330	53,255	58,075	1,200	595	605
Official languages	109,755	52,495	57,260	1,170	585	590
English	845	415	435	1,175	585	585
French	108,905	52,085	56,825	5	0	0
Non-official languages	1,570	755	815	20	15	15
Aboriginal languages	95	50	50	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	95	45	45	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	95	45	50	0	0	0
Atikamekw	90	45	45	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,480	710	770	25	10	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	240	120	120	0	0	0
Berber languages	10	10	5	0	0	0
Kabyle	10	5	5	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	5	0	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	220	110	110	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	225	115	110	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	50	20	30	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	40	15	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	20	15	5	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	15	5	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	5	5	5	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	0	5	5	0	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	5	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	880	415	465	15	5	5
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	60	30	30	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	60	25	30	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Croatian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	5	0	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	0	0	0	0
Russian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Serbian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	0	5	5	5	5
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	5	0	0	5	5	5
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	5	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	35	20	15	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	20	10	10	5	0	5
Indo-Aryan languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	5	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	5	0	0
Iranian languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	15	10	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	755	350	405	5	5	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	5	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	55	25	30	0	0	0
Romanian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Spanish	680	310	365	5	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	105	45	60	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	0	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	35	15	20	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	50	20	30	0	0	0
Wolof	10	5	5	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	10	10	5	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	10	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	120	60	65	10	0	0
Chinese languages	125	55	60	10	0	5
Cantonese	20	10	10	0	5	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	95	45	50	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	0	5	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,225	635	585	30	10	15
English and French	450	235	210	0	0	0
English and non-official language	35	20	20	20	10	10
French and non-official language	670	345	325	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	70	40	30	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	112,555	53,890	58,665	1,220	610	615
None	105,830	50,310	55,525	1,190	595	590
English	4,110	2,280	1,835	0	0	0
French	1,260	600	660	15	5	5
Non-official language	1,150	605	550	15	10	10
Aboriginal	50	20	30	5	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,100	585	520	15	10	15
English and French	55	25	25	0	0	0
English and non-official language	120	65	55	0	0	0
French and non-official language	25	10	15	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	5	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	94,005	45,030	48,980	925	450	475
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	91,430	43,880	47,545	890	435	460
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,529	34,903	24,810	31,936	40,992	25,323
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	91,465	43,885	47,580	890	430	455
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,869	31,110	23,235	28,416	35,392	23,760
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	78,880	39,020	39,855	815	400	410
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,741	32,136	21,776	29,088	38,784	19,648
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	74,355	33,970	40,375	665	280	385
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,428	7,873	8,831	7,056	6,736	7,120
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	60,015	30,790	29,225	675	350	325
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,684	31,358	24,325	32,224	39,744	22,912
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	93,950	44,980	48,975	870	420	450
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	91,235	43,795	47,440	830	390	440
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,109	44,574	32,141	38,482	46,291	31,541
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	91,270	43,805	47,465	830	390	440
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,022	36,695	27,710	32,561	37,955	27,766
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	78,820	39,035	39,785	760	355	400
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,652	42,667	28,769	35,769	45,804	26,953
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	74,265	34,020	40,245	610	255	355
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,982	8,434	9,445	8,055	7,421	8,511
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	60,000	30,815	29,185	650	330	320
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,627	40,312	30,681	37,091	45,775	28,163
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	93,955	44,975	48,980	870	415	450
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	25,115	13,575	11,535	325	175	155
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	43,994	49,068	39,824	43,727	60,578	38,538
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	51,404	56,969	44,854	51,174	59,550	41,855
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	80.8	85.2	75.2	83.4	88.1	75.3
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	61.7	64.0	58.7	73.5	80.2	64.3
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	19.2	14.8	24.8	16.9	11.8	25.0
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	94,005	45,030	48,975	925	450	475
Without total income	2,580	1,150	1,430	35	20	15
With total income	91,425	43,880	47,545	890	430	460
Percentage with total income	97.3	97.4	97.1	96.2	95.6	96.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	10,910	4,650	6,260	115	50	65
$10,000 to $19,999	20,225	7,570	12,660	150	45	110
$20,000 to $29,999	15,180	6,590	8,585	155	55	105
$30,000 to $39,999	12,480	6,135	6,345	120	60	60
$40,000 to $49,999	10,365	5,215	5,155	125	65	60
$50,000 to $59,999	6,940	3,850	3,085	65	45	20
$60,000 to $69,999	4,480	2,625	1,855	50	35	15
$70,000 to $79,999	3,440	2,030	1,415	30	20	10
$80,000 to $89,999	2,115	1,260	855	30	20	5
$90,000 to $99,999	1,405	990	415	20	15	5
$100,000 and over	3,890	2,965	920	20	20	0
$100,000 to $149,999	2,795	2,115	690	15	15	0
$150,000 and over	1,090	855	235	5	5	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	94,010	45,030	48,980	925	450	475
Without after-tax income	2,540	1,145	1,395	35	20	15
With after-tax income	91,465	43,885	47,580	895	435	460
Percentage with after-tax income	97.3	97.5	97.1	96.8	96.7	96.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	11,525	4,735	6,790	120	55	65
$10,000 to $19,999	21,055	7,990	13,070	165	50	115
$20,000 to $29,999	18,350	8,320	10,035	185	65	120
$30,000 to $39,999	15,485	7,755	7,725	160	85	75
$40,000 to $49,999	10,185	5,545	4,650	110	65	45
$50,000 to $59,999	5,925	3,475	2,450	70	45	20
$60,000 to $69,999	3,640	2,155	1,485	40	30	10
$70,000 to $79,999	1,995	1,415	580	25	15	10
$80,000 and over	3,305	2,500	800	20	15	0
$80,000 to $89,999	1,160	860	300	10	10	0
$90,000 to $99,999	690	525	165	5	5	0
$100,000 and over	1,450	1,120	335	5	5	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	94,010	45,030	48,980	925	450	475
Without employment income	33,995	14,240	19,755	250	100	150
With employment income	60,010	30,790	29,220	675	350	325
Percentage with employment income	63.8	68.4	59.7	73.0	77.8	68.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	8,570	4,530	4,040	90	40	50
$5,000 to $9,999	5,120	2,195	2,925	50	25	30
$10,000 to $19,999	9,860	4,290	5,570	95	25	70
$20,000 to $29,999	8,270	3,825	4,450	85	25	60
$30,000 to $39,999	7,610	3,720	3,895	105	60	40
$40,000 to $49,999	5,710	2,905	2,805	75	45	35
$50,000 to $59,999	4,160	2,330	1,835	45	30	15
$60,000 to $69,999	2,880	1,640	1,240	50	30	15
$70,000 to $79,999	2,650	1,520	1,130	25	20	0
$80,000 and over	5,185	3,845	1,345	60	45	10
$80,000 to $89,999	1,360	880	480	25	20	5
$90,000 to $99,999	1,060	770	290	15	10	0
$100,000 and over	2,760	2,195	565	20	20	0
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	54,920	...	...	510	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	47,842	...	...	55,168	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	42,782	...	...	49,536	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	22,520	...	...	165	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	25,883	...	...	26,752	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	24,358	...	...	25,408	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	32,395	...	...	345	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	69,087	...	...	72,768	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	60,341	...	...	63,808	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	54,975	...	...	495	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	63,245	...	...	64,363	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	53,159	...	...	54,460	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	22,565	...	...	185	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,481	...	...	33,162	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	28,802	...	...	29,136	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	32,415	...	...	310	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	83,964	...	...	82,908	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	70,115	...	...	69,511	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	54,920	...	...	515	...	...
Under $5,000	645	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	1,345	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	3,020	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	4,155	...	...	25	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	3,635	...	...	35	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,965	...	...	25	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	3,625	...	...	35	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	3,230	...	...	20	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	3,160	...	...	30	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,860	...	...	25	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,930	...	...	45	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,800	...	...	45	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,225	...	...	35	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,600	...	...	30	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,150	...	...	30	...	...
$100,000 and over	9,575	...	...	100	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,815	...	...	50	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,290	...	...	30	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,155	...	...	20	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,310	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	54,920	...	...	510	...	...
Under $5,000	680	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	1,360	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	3,050	...	...	15	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	4,380	...	...	30	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	4,075	...	...	40	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	3,615	...	...	30	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	4,240	...	...	35	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	4,030	...	...	40	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	3,585	...	...	30	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	3,170	...	...	25	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	5,250	...	...	60	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	4,010	...	...	50	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,275	...	...	35	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,420	...	...	35	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,890	...	...	25	...	...
$100,000 and over	5,890	...	...	55	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,990	...	...	45	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,425	...	...	5	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,475	...	...	5	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	30,695	...	...	340	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	70,439	...	...	72,768	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	61,276	...	...	63,808	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	14,735	...	...	125	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	64,479	...	...	68,096	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	56,183	...	...	59,904	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	9,620	...	...	160	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	105,460	...	...	89,088	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	89,310	...	...	75,008	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.8	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	5,665	...	...	45	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,404	...	...	34,432	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	43,140	...	...	33,664	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	30,670	...	...	315	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	85,276	...	...	81,618	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	71,046	...	...	68,375	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	14,715	...	...	120	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	77,430	...	...	78,814	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	64,819	...	...	66,146	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	9,610	...	...	130	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	118,521	...	...	101,744	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,377	...	...	83,834	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	5,685	...	...	60	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,520	...	...	44,120	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,498	...	...	39,670	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	26,805	12,560	14,245	185	80	105
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	24,177	26,252	22,970	26,624	30,656	23,872
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	23,086	24,380	22,238	25,408	27,936	22,592
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	26,915	12,555	14,360	195	70	125
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	32,020	34,174	30,137	32,588	31,562	33,166
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	27,632	28,919	26,507	28,662	27,221	29,473
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	108,970	52,800	56,170	1,220	605	615
In the bottom half of the distribution	69,545	32,745	36,800	825	405	425
In the bottom decile	13,885	6,660	7,225	135	65	70
In the second decile	15,090	6,440	8,650	210	100	115
In the third decile	14,615	6,970	7,640	175	85	90
In the fourth decile	13,635	6,640	6,995	145	70	70
In the fifth decile	12,320	6,035	6,290	160	80	80
In the top half of the distribution	39,425	20,060	19,365	395	205	190
In the sixth decile	10,855	5,440	5,415	135	65	65
In the seventh decile	9,625	4,870	4,750	95	50	45
In the eighth decile	8,090	4,085	4,000	85	45	40
In the ninth decile	6,150	3,195	2,950	60	35	25
In the top decile	4,720	2,470	2,255	15	10	10
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	108,975	52,805	56,170	1,225	610	615
0 to 17 years	18,005	9,340	8,665	340	180	160
0 to 5 years	5,955	3,090	2,860	140	75	65
18 to 64 years	68,000	33,195	34,795	690	340	345
65 years and over	22,970	10,265	12,705	195	85	110
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	21,510	9,655	11,855	245	120	130
0 to 17 years	3,575	1,895	1,680	85	45	35
0 to 5 years	1,220	665	555	30	20	15
18 to 64 years	12,955	6,100	6,855	115	55	60
65 years and over	4,980	1,660	3,320	50	15	35
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	19.7	18.3	21.1	20.0	19.7	21.1
0 to 17 years (%)	19.9	20.3	19.4	25.0	25.0	21.9
0 to 5 years (%)	20.5	21.5	19.4	21.4	26.7	23.1
18 to 64 years (%)	19.1	18.4	19.7	16.7	16.2	17.4
65 years and over (%)	21.7	16.2	26.1	25.6	17.6	31.8
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	11,605	5,740	5,865	80	45	35
0 to 17 years	1,875	1,010	860	20	15	5
0 to 5 years	650	380	270	10	5	0
18 to 64 years	9,080	4,470	4,610	50	25	25
65 years and over	645	250	395	5	5	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	10.6	10.9	10.4	6.5	7.4	5.7
0 to 17 years (%)	10.4	10.8	9.9	5.9	8.3	3.1
0 to 5 years (%)	10.9	12.3	9.4	7.1	6.7	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	13.4	13.5	13.2	7.2	7.4	7.2
65 years and over (%)	2.8	2.4	3.1	2.6	5.9	4.5
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	109,010	52,815	56,200	1,155	595	565
Official languages	108,815	52,740	56,075	1,155	590	565
English	34,780	19,410	15,375	1,155	595	565
French	108,690	52,650	56,040	25	15	10
Non-official languages	6,800	3,230	3,570	115	60	55
Aboriginal languages	215	95	125	30	10	15
Algonquian languages	215	95	125	0	0	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	215	95	120	0	0	0
Atikamekw	215	90	125	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	10	0	10
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Dakota	0	0	0	25	10	10
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	6,585	3,140	3,445	85	50	40
Afro-Asiatic languages	935	550	385	0	0	0
Berber languages	90	60	30	0	0	0
Kabyle	55	30	20	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	40	30	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	890	520	370	10	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	885	515	370	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	10	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	10	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	100	55	45	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	30	15	20	0	0	0
Vietnamese	70	40	25	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	30	20	10	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	10	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	15	10	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	10	0	10	0	0	0
Malay	0	10	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	20	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	160	90	70	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	10	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	135	75	55	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	15	10	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	4,490	1,995	2,495	80	40	35
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	210	100	115	10	10	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	210	95	115	0	10	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Czech	20	0	15	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	125	65	60	0	0	0
Serbian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	40	10	25	0	10	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	280	145	130	30	10	15
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	15	0	10	0	0	0
Dutch	30	10	20	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	225	125	100	30	15	15
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	10	10	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	90	60	35	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	80	35	45	25	15	10
Indo-Aryan languages	25	0	20	25	15	10
Bengali	10	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	0	10	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	20	15	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	25	15	10
Iranian languages	45	25	25	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	45	20	25	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	3,940	1,705	2,235	10	10	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	300	150	145	0	0	0
Portuguese	185	95	95	0	0	0
Romanian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Spanish	3,585	1,525	2,065	10	10	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Japanese	70	45	25	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	10	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	500	290	210	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	20	10	15	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	35	30	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	15	10	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	80	45	35	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	40	25	15	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	120	50	65	0	0	0
Wolof	55	50	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	190	105	90	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Sign languages	145	45	100	10	0	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	110	35	70	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	35	10	30	0	0	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	240	110	125	0	0	0
Chinese languages	245	115	130	0	0	0
Cantonese	30	20	15	0	0	0
Hakka	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mandarin	200	90	110	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lao	0	10	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	25	15	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	109,010	52,815	56,195	1,155	590	565
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	106,585	51,470	55,115	1,150	580	565
Canadian citizens aged under 18	17,635	9,100	8,535	325	200	125
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	88,955	42,370	46,580	820	380	435
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	2,425	1,345	1,080	10	10	0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	109,015	52,820	56,195	1,160	590	565
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	104,140	50,295	53,845	1,110	555	550
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	4,185	2,105	2,080	45	35	10
Before 1981	535	285	255	0	0	0
1981 to 1990	240	130	115	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	485	235	250	0	0	0
2001 to 2010	1,665	780	885	20	20	0
2001 to 2005	610	240	370	10	10	0
2006 to 2010	1,055	535	515	10	10	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	1,265	680	580	25	15	10
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	685	420	265	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	4,185	2,105	2,080	45	35	15
Under 5 years	620	250	365	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	765	375	390	20	15	0
15 to 24 years	690	345	350	0	0	0
25 to 44 years	1,895	1,020	880	25	15	10
45 years and over	215	120	95	0	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	4,190	2,105	2,080	45	35	15
Americas	1,265	570	690	0	0	0
Brazil	60	30	30	0	0	0
Colombia	555	225	330	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	110	30	80	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	70	40	30	0	0	0
Peru	15	10	10	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	10	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	160	85	80	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	270	150	125	0	0	0
Europe	1,090	555	530	15	15	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	40	20	20	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	10	0	0	0
France	570	290	280	0	0	0
Germany	45	20	25	10	10	0
Greece	50	40	10	0	0	0
Hungary	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	35	30	10	0	0	0
Netherlands	10	0	0	0	0	10
Poland	0	0	10	0	0	0
Portugal	20	0	15	0	0	0
Romania	25	15	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	10	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	45	10	35	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	20	10	10	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	215	105	110	0	0	0
Africa	1,235	725	510	0	0	0
Algeria	155	100	55	0	0	0
Egypt	15	10	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	260	140	120	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	805	475	330	0	0	0
Asia	595	255	345	25	15	15
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	210	60	150	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	15	10	10	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Iraq	55	35	20	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	55	20	35	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	25	15	10
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	55	20	40	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	60	40	25	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	105	70	35	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	1,265	685	580	25	15	10
Americas	275	125	155	0	0	0
Brazil	20	10	15	0	0	0
Colombia	130	55	80	0	0	0
Cuba	50	25	25	0	0	0
Haiti	15	0	10	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	40	25	20	0	0	0
Europe	220	120	100	0	0	0
France	145	90	60	0	0	0
Germany	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	35	10	20	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	25	15	15	0	0	0
Africa	560	340	220	0	0	0
Algeria	45	30	15	0	0	0
Cameroon	95	60	35	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	40	15	30	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	55	40	15	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	130	70	60	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	25	15	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	165	110	55	0	0	0
Asia	205	95	110	25	15	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	45	25	20	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	55	35	20	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	25	10	15	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	30	15	10
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	50	15	35	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	25	15	10	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	109,010	52,815	56,200	1,160	590	565
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	5,115	2,650	2,465	45	35	15
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	3,340	1,620	1,720	115	70	50
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	100,560	48,545	52,010	995	490	500
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	3,710	1,855	1,860	45	35	10
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	1,645	915	730	40	30	10
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	775	520	255	15	15	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	875	390	480	25	15	10
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	995	410	585	0	0	0
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	1,035	510	520	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	35	15	15	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	109,010	52,820	56,200	1,155	590	565
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	1,455	660	795	180	100	80
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	1,380	625	760	170	90	80
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	835	360	475	90	50	35
Métis	530	255	280	85	40	40
Inuk (Inuit)	15	10	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	70	40	30	0	0	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	107,560	52,155	55,400	975	490	485
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	109,015	52,815	56,195	1,160	590	565
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	625	265	355	65	35	30
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	108,385	52,545	55,840	1,095	555	535
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	109,010	52,815	56,195	1,160	595	565
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	990	435	555	70	45	30
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	980	440	545	70	45	25
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	905	410	495	40	20	20
Métis single ancestry	80	30	50	35	25	10
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	10	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	3,075	1,445	1,625	120	65	55
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	2,995	1,415	1,580	115	60	55
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,695	1,270	1,425	45	30	15
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	280	140	140	65	25	40
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	0	20	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	75	35	45	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	60	30	30	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	10	10	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	104,950	50,930	54,020	965	485	480
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	109,010	52,815	56,195	1,160	590	565
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	4,235	2,185	2,040	40	25	15
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	125	60	70	25	15	10
Chinese	300	100	200	0	0	0
Black	1,690	925	770	0	0	0
Filipino	30	25	10	0	0	0
Latin American	1,050	510	545	0	0	0
Arab	710	410	305	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	170	95	75	10	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	30	15	15	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	10	0	0	0
Japanese	25	20	10	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	50	15	30	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	35	20	15	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	104,780	50,625	54,155	1,120	570	550
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	109,015	52,815	56,195	1,155	590	565
North American Aboriginal origins	4,060	1,885	2,175	195	110	85
First Nations (North American Indian)	3,680	1,710	1,970	95	60	40
Inuit	30	10	25	0	0	0
Métis	430	200	230	110	60	45
Other North American origins	84,160	40,390	43,770	365	190	175
Acadian	690	310	375	0	0	0
American	465	220	240	15	0	10
Canadian	81,465	39,065	42,395	365	185	175
New Brunswicker	10	10	10	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	2,660	1,305	1,360	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	35,075	17,320	17,755	865	430	440
British Isles origins	7,055	3,375	3,685	585	290	300
Channel Islander	15	15	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	1,680	885	800	375	175	200
Irish	4,400	2,105	2,290	260	115	140
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	1,645	785	865	290	160	135
Welsh	30	20	15	10	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	110	45	65	35	15	20
French origins	28,305	13,930	14,370	115	60	55
Alsatian	20	0	10	0	0	0
Breton	225	100	125	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	28,140	13,845	14,295	120	60	60
Western European origins (except French origins)	2,185	1,060	1,125	270	150	125
Austrian	75	50	30	0	0	10
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	425	195	230	25	15	10
Dutch	165	115	50	85	55	35
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	1,350	645	700	195	105	90
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	220	100	125	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	215	120	95	80	45	35
Danish	20	15	0	10	0	10
Finnish	20	0	20	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	10	0	10
Norwegian	105	55	50	50	35	15
Swedish	45	30	10	20	15	10
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	45	30	15	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	590	275	315	265	145	125
Bulgarian	50	10	40	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	50	25	30	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	30	20	20	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Lithuanian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	225	125	105	90	40	50
Romanian	40	25	15	0	0	10
Russian	85	45	40	15	15	0
Slovak	0	0	0	15	10	0
Ukrainian	140	55	90	185	95	90
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Southern European origins	1,950	1,000	950	25	10	15
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	45	20	20	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Cypriot	10	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	225	115	115	0	0	0
Italian	1,055	540	515	10	0	0
Kosovar	15	0	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	10	0	10	0	0	0
Portuguese	195	110	90	20	15	10
Serbian	35	25	10	0	0	0
Sicilian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	455	225	230	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other European origins	95	55	35	0	0	0
Basque	15	10	10	0	0	0
Jewish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	20	15	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	45	20	20	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	485	195	295	0	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	70	35	35	0	0	0
Dominican	65	20	40	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	275	100	175	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	10	0	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	10	0	10	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	30	10	15	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	50	25	30	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	1,265	635	630	20	10	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	55	35	25	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	80	45	35	20	15	0
Chilean	50	30	20	0	0	0
Colombian	730	315	410	0	0	0
Costa Rican	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	65	30	35	0	0	0
Guatemalan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	45	30	10	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	20	15	10	0	0	0
Mexican	140	90	45	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Salvadorean	15	10	10	0	10	0
Uruguayan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Venezuelan	15	15	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	35	30	10	0	0	0
African origins	2,285	1,335	950	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	975	560	415	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	40	20	20	0	0	0
Burkinabe	20	10	15	0	0	0
Cameroonian	195	110	85	0	0	0
Chadian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Congolese	270	160	110	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	60	20	40	0	0	0
Gambian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	70	35	40	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	95	60	35	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	45	25	15	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	85	60	30	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	45	40	10	0	0	0
Wolof	10	10	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	140	65	70	0	0	0
North African origins	835	510	330	0	0	0
Algerian	205	115	90	0	0	0
Berber	125	80	45	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	25	25	10	0	0	0
Libyan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	345	185	155	0	0	0
Sudanese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tunisian	160	105	55	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	10	15	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	175	110	65	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Burundian	50	25	20	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	20	10	15	0	0	0
Mauritian	35	25	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	50	30	20	0	0	0
Other African origins	325	180	145	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	30	20	10	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	320	180	140	0	0	0
Asian origins	1,270	630	645	25	15	10
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	585	340	250	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	190	100	90	0	0	0
Armenian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	65	35	30	0	0	0
Iraqi	65	40	25	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	150	85	65	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	85	40	45	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turk	55	40	15	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	95	20	75	25	15	10
Bangladeshi	0	0	10	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	80	20	65	25	15	10
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	25	15	10
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	605	270	330	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	55	25	30	0	0	0
Chinese	350	120	230	0	0	0
Filipino	15	20	0	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Japanese	25	20	10	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Laotian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	110	65	40	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	54,975	...	...	500	...	...
Owner	28,190	...	...	345	...	...
Renter	26,785	...	...	155	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	54,980	...	...	495	...	...
Condominium	4,995	...	...	15	...	...
Not condominium	49,985	...	...	480	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	54,975	...	...	495	...	...
No bedrooms	250	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	9,555	...	...	50	...	...
2 bedrooms	17,805	...	...	200	...	...
3 bedrooms	17,715	...	...	135	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	9,660	...	...	110	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	54,975	...	...	495	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	21,250	...	...	150	...	...
5 rooms	10,685	...	...	70	...	...
6 rooms	5,615	...	...	95	...	...
7 rooms	5,585	...	...	85	...	...
8 or more rooms	11,845	...	...	100	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.6	...	...	6.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	54,975	...	...	495	...	...
One person or fewer per room	54,890	...	...	495	...	...
More than 1 person per room	90	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	54,975	...	...	495	...	...
Suitable	54,140	...	...	480	...	...
Not suitable	835	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	54,980	...	...	500	...	...
1960 or before	14,085	...	...	240	...	...
1961 to 1980	18,020	...	...	130	...	...
1981 to 1990	8,450	...	...	30	...	...
1991 to 2000	6,135	...	...	25	...	...
2001 to 2005	2,410	...	...	15	...	...
2006 to 2010	3,240	...	...	35	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	2,630	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	54,975	...	...	495	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	51,805	...	...	470	...	...
Major repairs needed	3,175	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	54,980	...	...	500	...	...
1 household maintainer	38,055	...	...	345	...	...
2 household maintainers	16,495	...	...	155	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	425	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	54,980	...	...	500	...	...
15 to 24 years	3,115	...	...	40	...	...
25 to 34 years	7,580	...	...	50	...	...
35 to 44 years	7,310	...	...	85	...	...
45 to 54 years	9,180	...	...	100	...	...
55 to 64 years	11,770	...	...	90	...	...
65 to 74 years	9,705	...	...	55	...	...
75 to 84 years	4,830	...	...	30	...	...
85 years and over	1,480	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	54,900	...	...	500	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	43,460	...	...	405	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	11,440	...	...	90	...	...
30% to less than 100%	10,480	...	...	85	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	28,185	...	...	345	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	57.7	...	...	64.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	9.7	...	...	11.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	825	...	...	730	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	900	...	...	781	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	170,360	...	...	149,569	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	186,597	...	...	156,786	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	26,785	...	...	150	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	8.8	...	...	23.3	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	32.6	...	...	32.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	578	...	...	567	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	614	...	...	628	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	93,950	44,980	48,980	865	415	450
No certificate, diploma or degree	17,410	8,025	9,385	250	150	105
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	20,600	9,185	11,415	265	105	165
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	55,945	27,770	28,175	350	165	180
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	17,045	10,465	6,585	65	45	20
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	12,330	6,775	5,555	25	0	15
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	4,720	3,685	1,025	40	35	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	18,325	7,910	10,415	150	80	70
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,555	1,430	2,130	30	10	25
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	17,010	7,970	9,050	95	30	65
Bachelor's degree	11,510	5,180	6,335	75	20	55
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,150	555	595	0	0	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	650	390	255	0	0	0
Master's degree	3,045	1,430	1,615	20	10	10
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	660	410	250	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	57,655	28,250	29,410	540	260	280
No certificate, diploma or degree	6,945	3,545	3,395	120	65	50
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	10,395	5,080	5,315	185	65	120
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	40,320	19,620	20,700	240	130	105
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	12,545	7,495	5,055	50	35	10
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	9,215	4,885	4,330	10	0	10
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	3,335	2,610	725	35	30	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	12,450	5,370	7,075	105	55	50
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,205	940	1,260	25	10	15
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	13,115	5,810	7,305	55	25	30
Bachelor's degree	8,795	3,860	4,935	40	15	25
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	860	350	515	10	0	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	530	285	240	0	0	0
Master's degree	2,420	1,020	1,400	10	10	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	510	295	215	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	93,955	44,975	48,980	865	420	450
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	38,010	17,210	20,800	525	250	270
Education	4,940	1,310	3,630	35	0	35
13. Education	4,940	1,310	3,630	35	0	35
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,615	710	900	10	10	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	280	205	80	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,330	515	820	0	0	0
Humanities	2,815	1,265	1,555	30	15	20
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	345	100	250	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	55	30	25	10	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	1,390	630	760	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	160	110	50	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	190	110	80	10	10	10
54. History	185	135	50	15	10	15
55. French language and literature/letters	485	160	325	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	4,565	1,405	3,160	30	10	25
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	95	30	70	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	580	265	315	10	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	960	40	925	15	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	470	205	260	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	215	45	165	0	0	0
42. Psychology	1,530	405	1,125	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	715	420	295	10	10	0
Business, management and public administration	12,665	4,280	8,385	40	10	35
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	0	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	750	180	575	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	11,905	4,095	7,810	40	10	25
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,985	1,180	805	10	0	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	705	320	385	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	120	100	20	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	535	285	250	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	535	420	115	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	100	60	40	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,630	1,105	530	10	10	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,250	940	310	10	0	0
25. Library science	210	40	170	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	130	80	50	10	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	45	35	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	12,575	11,725	850	80	75	10
04. Architecture and related services	275	180	95	0	0	0
14. Engineering	1,590	1,370	220	10	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,680	2,450	235	10	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,630	2,560	65	40	40	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,925	2,820	110	20	25	0
48. Precision production	2,470	2,340	125	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,180	780	395	20	20	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	540	285	255	20	20	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	635	495	140	0	0	10
Health and related fields	7,815	1,800	6,020	70	25	45
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	665	365	295	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	6,935	1,300	5,635	65	20	40
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	215	135	80	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	4,145	2,200	1,945	10	10	10
12. Personal and culinary services	2,415	655	1,755	10	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	710	630	85	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,015	910	105	0	0	0
Other	0	10	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	57,655	28,250	29,410	540	255	280
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	17,335	8,630	8,710	300	130	170
Education	2,955	760	2,195	15	0	15
13. Education	2,955	760	2,195	10	0	15
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,180	555	630	10	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	200	150	55	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	980	405	575	0	0	0
Humanities	1,610	680	930	15	10	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	245	50	190	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	45	15	25	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	715	345	370	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	95	70	25	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	80	55	25	0	10	0
54. History	115	85	40	15	10	0
55. French language and literature/letters	310	55	255	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,550	1,110	2,435	30	10	20
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	75	30	50	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	495	220	270	10	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	695	25	675	15	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	365	160	205	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	155	35	120	0	0	0
42. Psychology	1,200	320	880	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	555	315	240	10	10	0
Business, management and public administration	9,585	3,020	6,565	30	0	30
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	520	105	410	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	9,065	2,915	6,150	25	10	20
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,160	675	490	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	540	235	310	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	65	55	10	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	95	55	40	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	400	300	95	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	60	30	30	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,370	920	450	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,115	825	285	0	0	0
25. Library science	160	25	140	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	60	35	20	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	30	30	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	8,930	8,215	710	60	60	0
04. Architecture and related services	215	130	85	0	0	0
14. Engineering	1,285	1,080	200	10	10	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,975	1,780	195	0	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,840	1,795	45	30	35	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,000	1,920	85	20	20	0
48. Precision production	1,615	1,515	100	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	960	600	360	20	15	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	455	230	225	15	20	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	510	375	135	0	0	10
Health and related fields	5,770	1,375	4,395	50	15	30
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	495	255	235	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	5,115	1,035	4,080	50	15	35
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	160	85	80	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,245	1,705	1,535	10	10	10
12. Personal and culinary services	1,830	455	1,375	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	550	475	75	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	855	770	85	0	0	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	93,955	44,980	48,980	870	420	450
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	38,005	17,205	20,800	525	250	270
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	55,945	27,770	28,175	345	165	180
Location of study inside Canada	54,305	26,810	27,490	330	155	175
Same as province or territory of residence	53,570	26,385	27,185	300	135	165
Different than province or territory of residence	730	430	305	30	20	15
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,645	955	685	15	15	10
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	165	115	50	0	0	10
Philippines	20	20	0	0	0	0
India	10	0	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	45	40	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	60	25	35	0	0	0
France	420	235	190	0	0	0
Other	920	525	395	15	15	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	57,660	28,250	29,405	540	260	280
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	17,340	8,630	8,710	305	130	170
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	40,320	19,620	20,700	240	130	110
Location of study inside Canada	38,995	18,870	20,125	225	115	110
Same as province or territory of residence	38,455	18,570	19,885	205	105	105
Different than province or territory of residence	535	295	240	25	15	10
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,320	750	575	10	10	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	95	65	30	0	0	0
Philippines	20	20	0	0	0	0
India	10	0	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	40	25	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	60	25	30	0	0	0
France	320	175	140	0	0	0
Other	785	435	350	10	10	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	93,955	44,975	48,975	870	415	450
In the labour force	54,250	27,640	26,610	580	290	295
Employed	49,975	25,015	24,955	525	265	255
Unemployed	4,280	2,625	1,655	55	15	40
Not in the labour force	39,705	17,335	22,370	290	130	160
Participation rate	57.7	61.5	54.3	66.7	69.9	65.6
Employment rate	53.2	55.6	51.0	60.3	63.9	56.7
Unemployment rate	7.9	9.5	6.2	9.5	5.2	13.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	93,950	44,975	48,975	870	420	450
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	37,585	16,275	21,310	260	120	145
Worked	56,370	28,705	27,670	605	300	305
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	25,545	13,820	11,725	330	175	160
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	30,825	14,885	15,940	275	125	150
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.4	42.2	42.6	42.3	43.8	40.9
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	54,250	27,640	26,610	580	285	295
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,655	835	820	20	10	10
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	52,595	26,805	25,790	565	280	280
Employee	47,470	23,960	23,510	525	260	265
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	5,125	2,845	2,280	35	20	20
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	54,250	27,640	26,610	580	290	290
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,655	840	820	20	10	10
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	52,595	26,805	25,790	565	280	280
0 Management occupations	4,165	2,625	1,540	30	20	10
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	8,120	2,570	5,550	70	20	50
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	2,885	2,290	595	35	20	10
3 Health occupations	4,730	1,010	3,720	55	20	35
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	6,820	2,210	4,615	60	0	60
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,315	605	710	0	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	14,315	6,145	8,175	160	60	100
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	7,095	6,715	385	100	90	10
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	390	335	50	20	20	10
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,750	2,305	455	35	30	0
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	54,255	27,640	26,610	580	290	290
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,655	840	820	20	10	10
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	52,595	26,805	25,790	560	280	280
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	340	220	120	25	20	10
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	115	105	10	0	0	0
22 Utilities	720	575	145	15	10	0
23 Construction	2,630	2,350	275	50	40	10
31-33 Manufacturing	6,005	4,770	1,230	45	45	0
41 Wholesale trade	1,360	1,050	310	35	15	20
44-45 Retail trade	7,345	3,355	3,985	75	50	30
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,015	1,660	360	25	15	10
51 Information and cultural industries	1,205	645	560	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	1,665	665	1,000	10	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	600	380	225	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,660	1,530	1,130	10	10	10
55 Management of companies and enterprises	30	10	20	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,160	1,290	870	25	0	25
61 Educational services	4,550	1,600	2,945	20	10	20
62 Health care and social assistance	8,390	1,740	6,650	110	20	90
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	945	505	440	10	15	0
72 Accommodation and food services	4,320	1,840	2,480	30	10	20
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,480	1,030	1,450	45	10	30
91 Public administration	3,075	1,500	1,575	30	20	10
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	49,970	25,015	24,955	525	270	255
Worked at home	2,540	1,150	1,390	20	15	10
Worked outside Canada	130	80	45	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	3,905	2,875	1,030	80	55	30
Worked at usual place	43,400	20,915	22,490	425	205	220
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	43,400	20,915	22,490	420	200	220
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	34,170	15,480	18,690	190	65	125
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	450	240	210	185	105	85
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	8,720	5,145	3,575	45	30	15
Commute to a different province or territory	55	45	10	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	47,305	23,785	23,515	505	255	250
Car, truck, van - as a driver	40,920	20,815	20,105	390	220	175
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,705	680	1,025	15	15	0
Public transit	1,375	525	850	0	0	0
Walked	2,460	1,210	1,255	95	20	70
Bicycle	465	365	105	0	0	0
Other method	375	195	180	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	47,305	23,785	23,520	505	255	250
Less than 15 minutes	22,475	10,380	12,095	180	60	120
15 to 29 minutes	16,800	8,505	8,290	80	35	50
30 to 44 minutes	5,020	2,875	2,145	175	105	65
45 to 59 minutes	1,110	665	445	50	40	10
60 minutes and over	1,910	1,360	545	10	10	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	47,305	23,785	23,520	505	255	250
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,635	1,210	425	30	25	10
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	6,825	4,635	2,185	125	75	50
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	16,990	8,310	8,675	170	100	70
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	10,385	4,080	6,310	100	40	65
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	4,075	1,575	2,505	20	10	15
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	7,400	3,985	3,415	55	20	40
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	57,855	29,465	28,390	620	310	305
Single responses	56,835	28,900	27,935	615	305	310
Official languages	56,770	28,865	27,905	615	310	310
English	795	485	315	615	305	310
French	55,970	28,380	27,590	0	0	0
Non-official languages	70	35	30	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	10	15	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	15	15	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	55	25	30	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	10	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	10	10	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,020	565	455	0	0	0
English and French	960	535	425	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	10	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	35	25	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	20	0	15	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	57,855	29,470	28,390	615	305	310
None	49,930	24,655	25,270	615	305	310
English	7,155	4,390	2,770	0	0	0
French	560	330	235	10	0	0
Non-official language	140	60	80	0	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	135	60	75	0	0	0
English and French	10	0	10	0	0	0
English and non-official language	60	30	25	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	108,120	52,365	55,750	1,140	580	555
Non-movers	92,815	44,910	47,900	965	505	455
Movers	15,305	7,460	7,845	170	75	95
Non-migrants	10,865	5,290	5,570	50	25	30
Migrants	4,440	2,165	2,275	120	55	65
Internal migrants	4,045	1,940	2,105	120	55	65
Intraprovincial migrants	3,945	1,880	2,065	115	55	60
Interprovincial migrants	100	60	35	10	0	0
External migrants	395	225	175	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	104,285	50,285	53,995	1,050	530	520
Non-movers	63,655	30,635	33,020	595	295	300
Movers	40,625	19,650	20,975	455	235	225
Non-migrants	27,360	13,370	13,990	200	115	95
Migrants	13,270	6,280	6,990	255	125	135
Internal migrants	11,560	5,420	6,145	255	125	130
Intraprovincial migrants	11,315	5,295	6,020	240	115	125
Interprovincial migrants	245	120	125	15	10	10
External migrants	1,710	865	845	0	0	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Trois-Rivières [Population centre], Quebec and Rivers [Population centre], Manitoba (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 4, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Trois-Rivières [Population centre], Quebec and Rivers [Population centre], Manitoba

Census Profile, 2016 Census Trois-Rivières [Population centre], Quebec and Rivers [Population centre], Manitoba

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Trois-Rivières [Population centre], Quebec and Rivers [Population centre], Manitoba