Census Profile, 2016 Census
Division No. 5, Census division [Census division], Newfoundland and Labrador and Miramichi, City [Census subdivision], New Brunswick

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Division No. 5, CDR Newfoundland and Labrador [Census division]			Miramichi, C New Brunswick [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Division No. 5, Census division [Census division], Newfoundland and Labrador Map : Division No. 5, Census division [Census division], Newfoundland and Labrador Change geography 1			Data quality : Miramichi, City [Census subdivision], New Brunswick Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	42,014	...	...	17,537	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	41,004	...	...	17,811	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	2.5	...	...	-1.5	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	20,924	...	...	8,248	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	17,890	...	...	7,704	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	4.1	...	...	97.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	10,366.48	...	...	179.47	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	42,015	20,375	21,640	17,540	8,245	9,290
0 to 14 years	5,740	2,965	2,780	2,465	1,240	1,220
0 to 4 years	1,720	915	805	780	380	405
5 to 9 years	1,950	1,040	915	855	435	415
10 to 14 years	2,070	1,005	1,060	835	430	405
15 to 64 years	27,145	13,110	14,035	10,895	5,120	5,775
15 to 19 years	2,210	1,125	1,080	925	455	470
20 to 24 years	2,260	1,120	1,145	905	460	445
25 to 29 years	2,055	995	1,060	790	375	410
30 to 34 years	2,100	1,020	1,080	865	390	475
35 to 39 years	2,355	1,085	1,265	895	425	470
40 to 44 years	2,580	1,205	1,370	1,085	530	550
45 to 49 years	2,970	1,410	1,560	1,170	530	635
50 to 54 years	3,465	1,665	1,800	1,320	605	710
55 to 59 years	3,565	1,720	1,845	1,420	655	765
60 to 64 years	3,585	1,755	1,825	1,535	690	845
65 years and over	9,130	4,300	4,825	4,175	1,880	2,295
65 to 69 years	3,225	1,575	1,645	1,440	695	745
70 to 74 years	2,295	1,130	1,170	970	485	485
75 to 79 years	1,535	750	790	755	325	430
80 to 84 years	1,090	485	605	520	220	305
85 years and over	975	360	610	490	160	330
85 to 89 years	645	250	395	315	110	205
90 to 94 years	250	100	155	125	40	90
95 to 99 years	70	15	60	45	10	35
100 years and over	10	0	5	5	0	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	13.7	14.6	12.8	14.1	15.0	13.1
15 to 64 years	64.6	64.3	64.9	62.1	62.1	62.2
65 years and over	21.7	21.1	22.3	23.8	22.8	24.7
85 years and over	2.3	1.8	2.8	2.8	1.9	3.6
Average age of the population	45.0	44.2	45.6	45.6	44.5	46.7
Median age of the population	48.0	47.5	48.4	48.7	47.3	49.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	17,890	...	...	7,700	...	...
Single-detached house	13,735	...	...	5,375	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	5	...	...	5	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	3,970	...	...	1,780	...	...
Semi-detached house	615	...	...	325	...	...
Row house	510	...	...	45	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,580	...	...	180	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,195	...	...	1,210	...	...
Other single-attached house	70	...	...	25	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	185	...	...	545	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	17,890	...	...	7,705	...	...
1 person	4,550	...	...	2,315	...	...
2 persons	7,330	...	...	3,015	...	...
3 persons	3,035	...	...	1,165	...	...
4 persons	2,175	...	...	875	...	...
5 or more persons	805	...	...	340	...	...
Number of persons in private households	41,300	...	...	17,140	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	36,275	17,410	18,860	15,075	7,000	8,070
Married or living common law	22,680	11,340	11,345	8,665	4,320	4,340
Married	19,030	9,515	9,510	7,370	3,680	3,690
Living common law	3,650	1,820	1,830	1,295	645	650
Not married and not living common law	13,590	6,075	7,515	6,405	2,675	3,730
Never married	8,220	4,310	3,910	3,615	1,880	1,740
Separated	690	290	405	510	180	330
Divorced	2,135	885	1,250	940	350	590
Widowed	2,545	595	1,955	1,340	270	1,070
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	13,175	...	...	5,255	...	...
2 persons	7,750	...	...	3,100	...	...
3 persons	2,940	...	...	1,115	...	...
4 persons	1,975	...	...	790	...	...
5 or more persons	505	...	...	250	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	13,175	...	...	5,260	...	...
Total couple families	11,150	...	...	4,260	...	...
Married couples	9,325	...	...	3,615	...	...
Common-law couples	1,825	...	...	645	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	2,025	...	...	1,000	...	...
Female parent	1,620	...	...	825	...	...
Male parent	410	...	...	170	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	11,145	...	...	4,260	...	...
Couples without children	6,420	...	...	2,455	...	...
Couples with children	4,725	...	...	1,805	...	...
1 child	2,400	...	...	840	...	...
2 children	1,850	...	...	725	...	...
3 or more children	480	...	...	240	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	2,025	...	...	995	...	...
1 child	1,335	...	...	645	...	...
2 children	545	...	...	275	...	...
3 or more children	150	...	...	80	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	6,435	2,895	3,545	3,130	1,275	1,855
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	17,890	...	...	7,700	...	...
One-census-family households	12,520	...	...	5,075	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	6,140	...	...	2,390	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	6,380	...	...	2,680	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	325	...	...	90	...	...
Non-census-family households	5,045	...	...	2,540	...	...
One-person households	4,545	...	...	2,310	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	500	...	...	225	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	41,630	20,225	21,405	17,250	8,130	9,125
English only	40,120	19,645	20,480	13,855	6,715	7,135
French only	5	0	5	55	25	35
English and French	1,490	580	910	3,325	1,380	1,945
Neither English nor French	15	5	10	20	10	10
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	41,625	20,225	21,400	17,250	8,130	9,125
English	41,485	20,160	21,325	15,745	7,445	8,295
French	115	50	60	1,440	650	790
English and French	15	10	5	50	25	30
Neither English nor French	10	5	5	20	5	10
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	125	55	65	1,465	665	800
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.3	0.3	0.3	8.5	8.2	8.8
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	41,625	20,225	21,400	17,250	8,130	9,125
Single responses	41,540	20,190	21,350	17,065	8,040	9,025
Official languages	41,155	19,985	21,170	16,740	7,880	8,860
English	41,035	19,925	21,110	15,250	7,215	8,035
French	120	55	65	1,485	665	820
Non-official languages	385	210	175	330	160	170
Aboriginal languages	5	0	5	15	5	5
Algonquian languages	5	5	0	10	10	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Malecite	0	0	0	5	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	10	10	5
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	0	0	0	5	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	380	205	175	315	150	160
Afro-Asiatic languages	45	25	20	30	20	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	45	30	20	25	20	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	45	25	20	25	15	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	5	5	0	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	5	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	60	25	35	35	15	15
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	15	5	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	45	20	25	30	10	20
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	5	0	10	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tamil	5	0	5	5	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	195	115	85	165	80	90
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	30	15	20	25	10	15
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	30	15	15	25	10	15
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Czech	5	0	0	5	5	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	0	5	15	5	5
Russian	5	5	5	5	0	0
Serbian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	5	0	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	5	0	5	5	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	5	0	5	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	70	40	25	60	30	30
Afrikaans	15	5	10	5	0	0
Danish	5	0	0	5	0	0
Dutch	10	5	0	15	5	10
Frisian	0	0	0	5	5	0
German	40	25	15	30	15	15
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	0	0	0	5	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	5	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	65	40	25	45	25	20
Indo-Aryan languages	60	40	20	45	20	20
Bengali	5	5	0	10	10	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	5	5	0
Hindi	5	5	0	5	0	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	5	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	25	15	10	0	0	0
Sindhi	5	5	0	5	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Urdu	15	10	10	10	5	5
Iranian languages	5	5	0	5	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	30	20	10	30	15	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Portuguese	5	5	0	5	0	5
Romanian	5	5	5	0	5	0
Spanish	15	15	5	30	10	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	15	5	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	0	5	0	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	5	10	0	0	5
American Sign Language	5	0	5	0	0	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	45	25	20	25	15	15
Chinese languages	45	25	20	25	15	15
Cantonese	25	15	10	10	10	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	5	10	10	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	0	5	5	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	0	10	10	5	5
Estonian	10	0	5	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	0	5	10	5	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	90	35	50	190	90	100
English and French	35	10	25	160	70	90
English and non-official language	50	25	25	25	15	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	41,625	20,230	21,400	17,255	8,130	9,125
Single responses	41,480	20,155	21,330	17,060	8,040	9,015
Official languages	41,295	20,060	21,240	16,930	7,975	8,955
English	41,255	20,040	21,220	16,305	7,695	8,610
French	40	15	25	630	285	345
Non-official languages	185	95	90	125	65	65
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	185	95	90	125	60	65
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	10	10	25	10	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	20	10	10	20	15	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	15	10	10	25	10	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	5	0	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	30	15	15	15	5	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	5	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	10	10	15	5	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	5	5	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	5	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	85	40	45	60	25	35
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	5	10	5	5	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	15	10	10	5	0	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	5	0	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Serbian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	5	10	15	5	5
Afrikaans	10	5	5	5	5	5
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	5	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	50	25	20	30	10	15
Indo-Aryan languages	45	30	20	25	10	15
Bengali	0	0	0	10	5	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	10	5	0	5	5	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	5	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	25	15	10	0	0	0
Sindhi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Urdu	10	5	5	5	0	5
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	5	5	15	5	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Spanish	5	0	5	5	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	5	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	5	10	5	0	0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	15	10	20	10	5
Chinese languages	20	15	10	15	10	5
Cantonese	15	10	5	15	10	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	5	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	5	5	5	0	5
Estonian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	150	75	70	195	90	110
English and French	25	10	15	120	50	75
English and non-official language	120	65	60	60	35	25
French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	5	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	41,625	20,225	21,405	17,255	8,130	9,125
None	41,225	20,045	21,175	16,030	7,595	8,435
English	85	45	40	365	155	210
French	175	65	115	730	310	420
Non-official language	140	75	70	120	60	60
Aboriginal	10	0	5	15	10	5
Non-Aboriginal	130	70	60	105	55	55
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	35,565	17,140	18,420	14,680	6,835	7,845
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	34,360	16,620	17,735	14,155	6,595	7,565
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,911	38,767	25,027	30,771	37,863	25,821
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	34,370	16,620	17,745	14,160	6,595	7,570
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,124	34,486	23,274	28,145	33,672	24,051
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	28,290	14,415	13,880	12,165	5,870	6,295
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,029	35,562	23,747	27,463	33,112	23,104
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	26,610	11,950	14,660	10,935	4,715	6,220
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,658	11,708	8,348	9,298	11,150	8,099
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	23,395	11,915	11,485	9,420	4,650	4,765
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,576	37,297	24,241	28,061	32,043	24,901
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	35,565	17,140	18,420	14,680	6,835	7,845
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	34,350	16,595	17,755	14,100	6,575	7,530
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,805	49,682	32,506	38,343	45,225	32,332
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	34,360	16,595	17,760	14,105	6,580	7,535
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,267	40,823	28,140	32,539	37,628	28,096
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	28,295	14,385	13,910	12,155	5,825	6,330
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,067	48,261	31,591	35,852	42,479	29,755
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	26,490	11,925	14,565	10,845	4,640	6,205
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	10,117	10,926	9,455	9,684	10,771	8,872
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	23,395	11,920	11,475	9,415	4,595	4,820
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,669	49,216	31,792	36,381	41,150	31,830
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	35,565	17,145	18,420	14,680	6,835	7,845
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	9,855	4,985	4,870	4,260	2,065	2,195
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	50,500	58,848	43,124	48,602	53,270	43,819
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	58,984	68,545	49,187	52,359	57,585	47,439
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	80.8	84.0	76.3	80.5	83.2	77.2
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	67.5	70.6	63.3	63.3	64.7	61.6
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	19.2	16.0	23.7	19.5	16.7	22.8
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	35,565	17,145	18,420	14,680	6,835	7,845
Without total income	1,205	525	685	520	240	280
With total income	34,355	16,625	17,735	14,160	6,590	7,565
Percentage with total income	96.6	97.0	96.3	96.5	96.4	96.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,345	1,580	2,765	1,905	745	1,160
$10,000 to $19,999	6,570	2,465	4,105	2,575	860	1,710
$20,000 to $29,999	5,845	2,335	3,510	2,445	965	1,480
$30,000 to $39,999	4,510	2,185	2,325	1,885	925	955
$40,000 to $49,999	3,655	1,960	1,695	1,460	810	655
$50,000 to $59,999	2,425	1,495	930	1,215	655	565
$60,000 to $69,999	1,775	1,100	675	820	490	335
$70,000 to $79,999	1,265	755	510	620	345	270
$80,000 to $89,999	1,185	655	530	490	265	220
$90,000 to $99,999	850	515	335	225	135	85
$100,000 and over	1,945	1,580	360	520	400	125
$100,000 to $149,999	1,355	1,105	255	365	265	100
$150,000 and over	585	475	110	155	130	25
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	35,565	17,145	18,420	14,680	6,835	7,845
Without after-tax income	1,195	525	675	520	245	275
With after-tax income	34,370	16,625	17,745	14,160	6,590	7,565
Percentage with after-tax income	96.6	97.0	96.3	96.5	96.4	96.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,505	1,605	2,905	1,960	750	1,210
$10,000 to $19,999	6,920	2,610	4,305	2,775	955	1,820
$20,000 to $29,999	6,825	2,835	3,985	2,805	1,160	1,645
$30,000 to $39,999	5,400	2,810	2,585	2,200	1,165	1,035
$40,000 to $49,999	3,680	2,125	1,555	1,735	935	805
$50,000 to $59,999	2,325	1,455	870	1,115	655	460
$60,000 to $69,999	1,740	1,015	725	790	425	360
$70,000 to $79,999	1,175	715	460	330	200	135
$80,000 and over	1,800	1,450	355	460	355	105
$80,000 to $89,999	575	440	140	155	115	45
$90,000 to $99,999	380	315	65	90	65	20
$100,000 and over	845	700	150	215	175	35
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	35,560	17,145	18,420	14,680	6,830	7,845
Without employment income	12,170	5,235	6,935	5,260	2,180	3,080
With employment income	23,395	11,910	11,485	9,420	4,650	4,770
Percentage with employment income	65.8	69.5	62.4	64.2	68.1	60.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	3,365	1,490	1,870	1,235	595	640
$5,000 to $9,999	2,045	805	1,240	885	385	505
$10,000 to $19,999	3,470	1,565	1,900	1,460	635	830
$20,000 to $29,999	2,930	1,220	1,710	1,380	615	770
$30,000 to $39,999	2,395	1,170	1,225	990	485	500
$40,000 to $49,999	2,155	1,085	1,075	805	390	415
$50,000 to $59,999	1,480	900	585	730	370	360
$60,000 to $69,999	1,260	780	480	535	310	230
$70,000 to $79,999	965	565	400	485	260	230
$80,000 and over	3,325	2,335	995	910	610	305
$80,000 to $89,999	1,040	560	485	375	200	170
$90,000 to $99,999	730	450	275	165	100	65
$100,000 and over	1,560	1,325	235	375	310	65
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	17,890	...	...	7,705	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	62,565	...	...	57,417	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	55,417	...	...	51,115	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	4,550	...	...	2,315	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	25,674	...	...	28,452	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	24,378	...	...	26,231	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	13,345	...	...	5,390	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	78,065	...	...	73,560	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	68,299	...	...	65,033	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	17,890	...	...	7,705	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	78,345	...	...	70,191	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	65,807	...	...	59,585	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	4,550	...	...	2,315	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	37,627	...	...	36,590	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,262	...	...	31,396	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	13,340	...	...	5,390	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	92,232	...	...	84,622	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	77,249	...	...	71,693	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	17,890	...	...	7,705	...	...
Under $5,000	115	...	...	70	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	295	...	...	195	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	530	...	...	165	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	820	...	...	465	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,095	...	...	435	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	795	...	...	420	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,180	...	...	400	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	870	...	...	405	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	725	...	...	370	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	795	...	...	355	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,390	...	...	775	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,285	...	...	565	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,135	...	...	560	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,030	...	...	435	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	910	...	...	345	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,925	...	...	1,740	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,735	...	...	695	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,235	...	...	430	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,230	...	...	420	...	...
$200,000 and over	725	...	...	190	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	17,890	...	...	7,705	...	...
Under $5,000	125	...	...	80	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	295	...	...	200	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	530	...	...	165	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	860	...	...	490	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,180	...	...	495	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	900	...	...	450	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,280	...	...	475	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,010	...	...	445	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	920	...	...	470	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	930	...	...	490	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,665	...	...	810	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,480	...	...	670	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,320	...	...	545	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,075	...	...	425	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	915	...	...	375	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,400	...	...	1,125	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,670	...	...	605	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	880	...	...	285	...	...
$150,000 and over	855	...	...	235	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	12,975	...	...	5,240	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	77,773	...	...	73,617	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	68,022	...	...	65,084	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	5,955	...	...	2,325	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	65,968	...	...	67,663	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	58,435	...	...	59,955	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	4,830	...	...	1,830	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	112,393	...	...	104,887	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	94,729	...	...	89,088	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.7	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,830	...	...	935	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	42,253	...	...	43,878	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	40,458	...	...	41,301	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	12,925	...	...	5,225	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	92,325	...	...	84,285	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	77,261	...	...	71,358	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	5,915	...	...	2,335	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	80,660	...	...	76,067	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	67,550	...	...	64,518	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	4,875	...	...	1,865	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	122,001	...	...	110,765	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	100,590	...	...	92,285	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,785	...	...	905	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	50,301	...	...	49,526	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,362	...	...	44,693	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	5,670	2,590	3,085	2,760	1,130	1,635
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	25,440	29,312	23,582	27,392	31,296	25,760
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	24,168	26,681	22,848	25,381	28,301	24,270
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	5,700	2,575	3,125	2,795	1,130	1,665
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	36,474	42,258	31,698	35,871	38,999	33,751
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	31,294	35,291	27,995	30,810	33,003	29,323
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	41,300	20,105	21,200	17,140	8,075	9,060
In the bottom half of the distribution	22,045	10,285	11,760	9,885	4,475	5,410
In the bottom decile	3,615	1,645	1,975	1,840	800	1,045
In the second decile	5,490	2,335	3,145	2,150	885	1,260
In the third decile	4,345	2,065	2,285	2,015	915	1,100
In the fourth decile	4,295	2,115	2,185	1,975	955	1,020
In the fifth decile	4,300	2,125	2,175	1,895	910	980
In the top half of the distribution	19,260	9,820	9,435	7,260	3,600	3,655
In the sixth decile	4,380	2,220	2,165	1,865	910	950
In the seventh decile	4,330	2,145	2,180	1,795	890	905
In the eighth decile	4,115	2,115	2,005	1,560	770	790
In the ninth decile	3,805	1,955	1,855	1,295	650	640
In the top decile	2,620	1,390	1,230	740	380	360
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	41,305	20,105	21,195	17,140	8,075	9,065
0 to 17 years	7,010	3,605	3,405	2,980	1,495	1,485
0 to 5 years	2,115	1,105	1,010	950	465	485
18 to 64 years	25,755	12,395	13,355	10,230	4,785	5,445
65 years and over	8,540	4,100	4,440	3,925	1,795	2,130
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	6,430	2,755	3,675	2,910	1,205	1,700
0 to 17 years	1,365	685	690	695	360	335
0 to 5 years	470	235	235	290	140	150
18 to 64 years	3,245	1,340	1,900	1,565	635	935
65 years and over	1,820	735	1,085	640	210	435
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.6	13.7	17.3	17.0	14.9	18.8
0 to 17 years (%)	19.5	19.0	20.3	23.3	24.1	22.6
0 to 5 years (%)	22.2	21.3	23.3	30.5	30.1	30.9
18 to 64 years (%)	12.6	10.8	14.2	15.3	13.3	17.2
65 years and over (%)	21.3	17.9	24.4	16.3	11.7	20.4
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	2,150	1,010	1,140	1,150	510	640
0 to 17 years	475	250	225	285	145	135
0 to 5 years	135	70	65	105	55	60
18 to 64 years	1,575	725	850	805	335	465
65 years and over	100	35	65	65	25	35
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.2	5.0	5.4	6.7	6.3	7.1
0 to 17 years (%)	6.8	6.9	6.6	9.6	9.7	9.1
0 to 5 years (%)	6.4	6.3	6.4	11.1	11.8	12.4
18 to 64 years (%)	6.1	5.8	6.4	7.9	7.0	8.5
65 years and over (%)	1.2	0.9	1.5	1.7	1.4	1.6
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	41,300	20,105	21,200	17,135	8,075	9,065
Official languages	41,300	20,105	21,195	17,135	8,075	9,060
English	41,300	20,105	21,195	17,070	8,040	9,020
French	1,485	515	970	3,395	1,435	1,960
Non-official languages	735	400	335	400	195	210
Aboriginal languages	30	15	15	40	20	15
Algonquian languages	10	0	0	35	20	15
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	35	20	20
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	35	15	15
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	25	15	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	710	390	320	365	175	195
Afro-Asiatic languages	40	25	15	20	15	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	40	30	15	15	10	10
Amharic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Arabic	35	20	15	15	10	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	105	50	50	40	20	25
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	95	55	45	40	20	25
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	25	20	10	10	0	10
Kannada	0	0	0	10	10	10
Malayalam	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tamil	10	10	10	0	0	0
Telugu	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	450	260	190	240	105	135
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	60	20	40	45	20	25
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	60	20	40	40	20	25
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	25	15	20
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	10	0	10
Russian	45	15	25	10	10	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	10	0	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	15	10	10	0	10	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	155	100	55	90	35	55
Afrikaans	20	10	10	20	10	10
Danish	10	10	0	10	0	0
Dutch	10	0	0	10	0	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	100	60	40	55	20	30
Icelandic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	10	10	10	0	0
Swedish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	115	75	35	25	0	20
Indo-Aryan languages	115	75	35	25	0	15
Bengali	0	0	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hindi	20	15	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	10	0	10	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	65	40	25	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Urdu	55	40	15	10	0	10
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	145	85	60	70	40	35
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	40	25	10	0	0	0
Portuguese	30	20	10	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	80	45	35	70	40	35
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	10	10	0	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	20	10	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	10	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	10	10	0
Wolof	0	0	0	10	0	10
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	10	10	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	10	15	0	10	0
American Sign Language	15	0	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	10	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	35	25	15	40	30	10
Chinese languages	40	25	10	40	30	15
Cantonese	25	15	10	15	10	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	25	15	0	20	20	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Estonian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	41,300	20,105	21,200	17,135	8,075	9,060
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	40,905	19,870	21,030	17,000	8,020	8,980
Canadian citizens aged under 18	6,915	3,565	3,345	3,000	1,510	1,490
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	33,990	16,305	17,685	14,005	6,510	7,490
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	400	240	165	140	50	80
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	41,305	20,105	21,195	17,140	8,075	9,065
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	40,455	19,620	20,835	16,700	7,870	8,830
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	685	385	300	405	185	225
Before 1981	275	170	105	200	95	110
1981 to 1990	50	20	30	25	10	15
1991 to 2000	40	25	10	35	25	15
2001 to 2010	165	90	75	95	45	45
2001 to 2005	45	20	30	40	15	20
2006 to 2010	120	70	50	50	25	25
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	155	80	80	50	10	40
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	165	100	65	25	15	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	685	385	300	405	185	225
Under 5 years	85	35	45	75	30	45
5 to 14 years	125	75	55	85	35	50
15 to 24 years	140	80	60	45	20	25
25 to 44 years	240	130	105	145	70	75
45 years and over	95	65	35	55	25	35
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	680	385	300	410	185	225
Americas	90	50	40	60	30	30
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	10	0	10
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	10	0	0
Jamaica	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	80	45	35	45	25	20
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	10
Europe	345	215	130	190	70	115
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	25	0	20
Germany	40	30	10	20	10	10
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	10	0	15	10	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	20	15	0	10	15	0
Italy	0	10	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	10	0	0	15	0	15
Poland	0	0	0	10	0	0
Portugal	10	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	20	10	10	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	10	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	190	120	75	75	25	50
Other places of birth in Europe	35	20	10	20	0	10
Africa	40	15	25	45	30	15
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	15	0	10	20	15	10
Other places of birth in Africa	20	10	10	20	15	10
Asia	200	105	95	110	50	60
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	0	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	30	15	20	10	10	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	10	0	0	0	0	0
India	35	25	15	10	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	45	25	15	0	0	0
Philippines	65	25	40	45	20	30
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	15	0	10
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	10	20	20	10
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	155	75	80	50	15	45
Americas	15	0	10	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	30	25	0	15	0	15
France	0	0	0	20	0	20
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	20	15	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	10	0	0	0	0
Africa	15	10	10	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	100	50	50	35	10	25
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	15	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	10	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	20	15	10	0	0	0
Philippines	45	15	25	30	10	20
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	10	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	41,300	20,105	21,200	17,140	8,075	9,065
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	920	520	405	525	240	290
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	945	410	535	775	375	395
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	39,435	19,175	20,265	15,840	7,460	8,375
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	435	230	205	210	95	120
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	310	160	150	120	50	65
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	130	105	30	45	40	10
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	180	55	125	70	10	65
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	125	70	50	80	40	45
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	41,305	20,105	21,195	17,140	8,075	9,065
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	9,590	4,740	4,855	555	290	260
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	8,545	4,190	4,355	525	285	245
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	7,920	3,900	4,020	325	170	155
Métis	500	235	270	195	110	80
Inuk (Inuit)	130	60	70	10	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	100	70	35	25	0	20
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	945	480	460	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	31,710	15,365	16,340	16,590	7,785	8,800
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	41,305	20,105	21,200	17,140	8,075	9,060
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	5,775	2,785	2,985	215	115	100
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	35,530	17,320	18,210	16,920	7,955	8,960
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	41,305	20,105	21,200	17,140	8,075	9,060
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	3,125	1,500	1,625	95	40	60
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	3,095	1,480	1,615	100	35	60
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	2,865	1,375	1,490	80	35	45
Métis single ancestry	120	60	60	10	0	10
Inuit single ancestry	105	40	65	0	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	30	25	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	25	15	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	8,345	4,070	4,275	970	470	500
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	8,100	3,965	4,140	935	460	475
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	7,620	3,735	3,885	705	370	340
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	340	165	170	225	90	140
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	145	65	80	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	240	100	140	30	10	25
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	160	60	95	30	10	20
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	70	35	30	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	10	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	29,835	14,535	15,295	16,075	7,565	8,505
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	41,305	20,105	21,200	17,140	8,075	9,065
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	450	235	215	300	160	135
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	140	90	50	45	25	25
Chinese	50	25	25	70	40	30
Black	95	40	55	95	50	40
Filipino	115	55	60	40	15	25
Latin American	10	0	10	15	0	10
Arab	40	25	20	10	10	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	10	10	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	10	0	10
Japanese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	15	15	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	40,850	19,870	20,985	16,835	7,915	8,925
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	41,300	20,105	21,200	17,140	8,075	9,065
North American Aboriginal origins	11,470	5,570	5,900	1,065	505	560
First Nations (North American Indian)	10,740	5,230	5,505	820	415	405
Inuit	370	165	200	10	0	0
Métis	640	295	345	270	100	170
Other North American origins	22,555	10,930	11,635	7,935	3,730	4,200
Acadian	25	0	20	510	220	295
American	125	50	70	65	45	25
Canadian	22,285	10,800	11,485	7,570	3,565	4,000
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	225	120	105	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	15	10	0	10	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	21,475	10,475	11,000	12,970	6,155	6,820
British Isles origins	20,055	9,785	10,270	11,055	5,315	5,740
Channel Islander	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	10	0	0	0	0	0
English	16,035	7,820	8,215	4,630	2,245	2,385
Irish	6,350	3,065	3,285	6,375	3,025	3,355
Manx	15	10	0	0	0	0
Scottish	2,940	1,380	1,555	5,295	2,450	2,840
Welsh	250	130	115	295	175	120
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	305	140	165	210	115	95
French origins	3,145	1,485	1,655	4,930	2,290	2,635
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Breton	0	0	0	10	10	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	3,145	1,485	1,655	4,925	2,290	2,640
Western European origins (except French origins)	1,050	545	500	1,100	515	585
Austrian	30	15	10	15	10	10
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Dutch	165	85	80	335	125	210
Flemish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	855	455	400	750	370	380
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	15	10	0	25	15	10
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	365	190	175	310	185	130
Danish	50	35	20	85	50	40
Finnish	0	0	0	30	15	15
Icelandic	35	20	15	0	10	0
Norwegian	180	95	85	155	95	60
Swedish	80	30	45	25	15	10
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	35	15	20	15	10	10
Eastern European origins	320	125	190	265	105	160
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	10	10	0	30	10	20
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Estonian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	25	10	15	45	15	30
Latvian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lithuanian	15	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	150	65	90	50	35	20
Romanian	10	0	0	10	0	0
Russian	60	20	35	45	20	30
Slovak	10	0	10	20	10	10
Ukrainian	95	35	60	85	20	60
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	10	10	10	0
Southern European origins	350	180	170	270	100	165
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	25	20	10	15	0	10
Italian	135	65	75	150	70	80
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	110	70	40	45	15	30
Serbian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	50	15	40	55	15	40
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	10	0	10	0	0	10
Other European origins	55	30	25	30	15	15
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	45	25	15	20	10	10
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	10	10	10	0	0
Caribbean origins	55	40	10	65	35	35
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	20	0	10
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Jamaican	15	0	10	25	10	10
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	10	10	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	10	10	0	35	15	20
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	10	0	10
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	10	10	0
African origins	85	35	60	90	50	40
Central and West African origins	30	0	30	15	10	10
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	25	0	20	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	10	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	25	10	10	10	10	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	65	20	45	60	30	30
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	65	25	45	55	30	30
Asian origins	575	320	255	300	155	150
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	250	145	110	115	45	65
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	10	0	0	10	10	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	15	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	170	75	95	100	30	65
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	50	40	10	0	0	10
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	10	10	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	155	90	65	45	25	20
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	95	50	50	30	20	10
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	60	45	15	0	0	10
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	10	10	10
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	165	85	85	140	85	55
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	65	30	30	85	60	25
Filipino	115	55	55	40	15	25
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	10	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	10	0	0	25	10	15
Australian	0	0	0	20	10	15
New Zealander	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	17,890	...	...	7,705	...	...
Owner	13,220	...	...	5,580	...	...
Renter	4,665	...	...	2,125	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	17,890	...	...	7,705	...	...
Condominium	275	...	...	105	...	...
Not condominium	17,620	...	...	7,600	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	17,890	...	...	7,705	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	1,155	...	...	570	...	...
2 bedrooms	4,155	...	...	1,890	...	...
3 bedrooms	7,875	...	...	3,235	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	4,695	...	...	2,010	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	17,890	...	...	7,705	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	2,910	...	...	1,445	...	...
5 rooms	2,740	...	...	1,260	...	...
6 rooms	3,015	...	...	1,340	...	...
7 rooms	2,625	...	...	1,155	...	...
8 or more rooms	6,600	...	...	2,500	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.9	...	...	6.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	17,890	...	...	7,705	...	...
One person or fewer per room	17,840	...	...	7,680	...	...
More than 1 person per room	45	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	17,890	...	...	7,700	...	...
Suitable	17,550	...	...	7,580	...	...
Not suitable	340	...	...	130	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	17,890	...	...	7,705	...	...
1960 or before	4,065	...	...	2,390	...	...
1961 to 1980	6,285	...	...	2,565	...	...
1981 to 1990	2,425	...	...	1,135	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,985	...	...	815	...	...
2001 to 2005	805	...	...	265	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,225	...	...	255	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	1,105	...	...	285	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	17,890	...	...	7,705	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	16,730	...	...	7,030	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,160	...	...	675	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	17,890	...	...	7,705	...	...
1 household maintainer	10,265	...	...	4,935	...	...
2 household maintainers	7,365	...	...	2,680	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	255	...	...	90	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	17,890	...	...	7,705	...	...
15 to 24 years	575	...	...	240	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,820	...	...	735	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,510	...	...	1,075	...	...
45 to 54 years	3,630	...	...	1,300	...	...
55 to 64 years	3,980	...	...	1,700	...	...
65 to 74 years	3,165	...	...	1,465	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,705	...	...	880	...	...
85 years and over	510	...	...	310	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	17,870	...	...	7,685	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	14,610	...	...	6,295	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,260	...	...	1,390	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,950	...	...	1,240	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	13,210	...	...	5,565	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	50.5	...	...	50.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	11.1	...	...	10.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	741	...	...	695	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	971	...	...	850	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	200,483	...	...	139,292	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	231,453	...	...	151,676	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,665	...	...	2,130	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	25.2	...	...	20.2	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	38.5	...	...	37.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	767	...	...	684	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	805	...	...	698	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	35,565	17,145	18,420	14,680	6,830	7,845
No certificate, diploma or degree	8,055	3,950	4,100	2,695	1,275	1,420
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	9,020	4,095	4,925	4,565	2,090	2,475
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	18,490	9,095	9,395	7,425	3,465	3,955
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,360	3,095	1,270	1,430	1,040	390
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,260	1,285	975	775	460	310
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,100	1,805	295	655	580	75
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	8,505	3,615	4,885	3,410	1,380	2,035
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	845	330	515	245	95	160
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	4,780	2,055	2,725	2,325	960	1,365
Bachelor's degree	3,280	1,285	1,990	1,640	590	1,045
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	230	130	100	195	85	120
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	175	105	65	70	55	15
Master's degree	945	420	525	395	215	180
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	155	105	50	25	15	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	22,560	10,845	11,715	8,900	4,150	4,750
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,250	1,645	1,610	790	440	350
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	4,865	2,280	2,585	2,725	1,320	1,405
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	14,445	6,915	7,525	5,380	2,390	2,995
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,105	2,175	930	840	580	265
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,705	975	730	475	250	225
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,400	1,200	195	370	325	40
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	6,965	2,945	4,020	2,595	1,045	1,545
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	530	215	315	165	60	105
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	3,840	1,580	2,260	1,780	705	1,075
Bachelor's degree	2,580	970	1,605	1,270	455	820
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	185	95	85	150	60	95
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	145	90	60	45	30	10
Master's degree	820	345	475	290	145	140
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	110	75	35	15	10	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	35,565	17,140	18,420	14,680	6,835	7,845
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	17,075	8,050	9,025	7,260	3,365	3,890
Education	1,505	485	1,015	845	305	540
13. Education	1,505	490	1,015	845	305	540
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	315	150	165	115	75	40
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	65	55	10	35	30	10
50. Visual and performing arts	250	95	150	85	50	30
Humanities	480	205	275	300	130	175
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	10	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	115	25	95	80	25	60
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	120	35	85	80	30	50
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	55	40	20	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	100	60	40	65	30	35
54. History	50	40	10	40	30	15
55. French language and literature/letters	30	10	25	20	0	15
Social and behavioural sciences and law	990	270	715	555	165	395
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	40	10	25	30	20	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	320	15	305	150	15	140
22. Legal professions and studies	140	60	80	55	20	40
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	25	10	15	10	0	10
42. Psychology	195	55	135	125	30	100
45. Social sciences	260	120	140	185	90	95
Business, management and public administration	3,825	875	2,945	1,415	370	1,050
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	10	15	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	175	20	160	245	35	210
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,630	855	2,775	1,175	335	840
Physical and life sciences and technologies	340	170	170	150	90	55
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	165	75	90	75	35	40
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	110	65	45	30	15	20
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	50	25	20	25	20	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	0	10	20	20	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	545	280	270	150	75	75
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	440	220	220	110	60	55
25. Library science	30	0	20	15	0	15
27. Mathematics and statistics	75	50	25	20	10	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	4,735	4,465	275	1,580	1,495	90
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	10	10	0
14. Engineering	295	245	45	90	80	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	900	780	125	280	240	40
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,640	1,600	50	435	425	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,435	1,415	15	495	485	10
48. Precision production	455	420	40	275	260	15
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	610	400	210	105	80	25
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	85	40	50	30	20	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	525	360	165	70	60	10
Health and related fields	3,115	510	2,605	1,415	245	1,170
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	110	55	55	55	25	35
51. Health professions and related programs	2,960	435	2,525	1,340	205	1,135
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	45	20	25	20	20	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,035	1,280	750	780	445	345
12. Personal and culinary services	830	185	645	400	110	285
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	0	0	25	20	0
43. Security and protective services	235	200	35	230	185	45
49. Transportation and materials moving	960	890	70	130	125	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	22,560	10,840	11,715	8,900	4,150	4,755
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	8,115	3,930	4,190	3,515	1,760	1,755
Education	990	315	675	590	210	380
13. Education	990	315	670	590	210	380
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	235	120	110	80	50	30
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	60	45	10	25	20	10
50. Visual and performing arts	175	75	105	50	35	15
Humanities	345	130	215	225	95	130
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	0	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	80	10	70	60	20	40
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	95	25	65	60	25	35
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	35	20	10	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	70	40	30	40	20	20
54. History	40	30	10	35	25	10
55. French language and literature/letters	15	10	10	15	10	15
Social and behavioural sciences and law	845	225	625	450	125	325
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	30	10	25	25	20	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	275	15	260	130	15	110
22. Legal professions and studies	135	55	85	40	10	35
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	15	10	10	10	0	0
42. Psychology	155	35	120	95	20	75
45. Social sciences	235	105	130	150	70	80
Business, management and public administration	3,065	650	2,415	1,145	310	845
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	150	10	140	185	15	170
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,905	630	2,270	960	290	665
Physical and life sciences and technologies	280	125	150	105	65	45
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	145	60	85	60	30	30
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	95	50	40	15	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	35	20	15	15	15	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	20	20	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	490	250	240	95	50	40
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	400	200	195	80	50	40
25. Library science	30	10	25	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	55	35	20	10	10	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	10	0	10	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,485	3,295	185	990	915	70
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	10	10	0	0
14. Engineering	235	190	45	50	35	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	705	615	90	225	190	35
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,220	1,195	20	255	250	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	995	990	10	270	260	10
48. Precision production	320	300	20	185	175	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	520	325	195	75	60	15
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	70	25	45	15	10	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	450	305	145	60	50	10
Health and related fields	2,475	395	2,085	1,050	190	860
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	75	45	35	45	15	25
51. Health professions and related programs	2,365	340	2,025	995	160	835
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	35	15	20	15	10	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,720	1,080	635	570	315	255
12. Personal and culinary services	675	145	535	280	60	225
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	205	170	35	190	160	30
49. Transportation and materials moving	830	765	70	95	90	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	35,565	17,145	18,420	14,680	6,835	7,845
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	17,070	8,050	9,020	7,255	3,365	3,895
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	18,495	9,095	9,395	7,425	3,470	3,950
Location of study inside Canada	18,030	8,845	9,185	7,115	3,300	3,820
Same as province or territory of residence	15,095	7,320	7,780	5,600	2,520	3,075
Different than province or territory of residence	2,935	1,525	1,405	1,515	780	740
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	460	250	210	300	170	130
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	95	45	45	165	95	65
Philippines	75	45	30	15	10	10
India	20	10	10	0	10	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	115	75	40	15	20	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	10	0	0
France	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other	155	80	80	90	40	50
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	22,560	10,840	11,715	8,895	4,145	4,750
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	8,120	3,925	4,190	3,515	1,760	1,760
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	14,440	6,915	7,525	5,380	2,385	2,995
Location of study inside Canada	14,065	6,705	7,360	5,205	2,300	2,905
Same as province or territory of residence	11,625	5,490	6,130	4,080	1,725	2,355
Different than province or territory of residence	2,445	1,210	1,235	1,125	575	555
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	375	210	165	175	90	90
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	75	45	35	100	55	45
Philippines	60	40	20	15	0	10
India	20	10	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	95	60	35	10	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other	130	60	75	45	20	30
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	35,565	17,140	18,420	14,680	6,835	7,845
In the labour force	20,200	10,265	9,935	8,490	4,135	4,355
Employed	16,870	8,230	8,640	7,330	3,405	3,925
Unemployed	3,330	2,035	1,300	1,160	730	430
Not in the labour force	15,365	6,880	8,485	6,190	2,700	3,490
Participation rate	56.8	59.9	53.9	57.8	60.5	55.5
Employment rate	47.4	48.0	46.9	49.9	49.8	50.0
Unemployment rate	16.5	19.8	13.1	13.7	17.7	9.9
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	35,565	17,145	18,420	14,680	6,835	7,845
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	13,765	6,030	7,730	5,860	2,550	3,310
Worked	21,800	11,115	10,690	8,820	4,285	4,540
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	10,005	5,080	4,925	4,290	2,095	2,200
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	11,795	6,035	5,765	4,525	2,195	2,335
Average weeks worked in reference year	38.9	38.2	39.7	40.4	39.3	41.4
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	20,200	10,265	9,935	8,490	4,135	4,355
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	500	265	235	205	135	70
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	19,700	10,000	9,700	8,285	4,000	4,285
Employee	18,640	9,400	9,235	7,665	3,655	4,015
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	1,065	600	470	620	345	270
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	20,200	10,265	9,935	8,490	4,135	4,350
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	500	265	235	205	135	70
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	19,705	10,000	9,700	8,285	4,000	4,280
0 Management occupations	1,595	975	615	690	380	320
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,400	605	1,795	1,415	395	1,020
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,010	800	205	295	240	50
3 Health occupations	2,055	375	1,685	775	145	635
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,590	755	1,840	1,185	435	745
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	285	110	175	110	60	50
6 Sales and service occupations	4,780	1,830	2,950	2,270	910	1,360
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	3,700	3,585	120	1,095	1,045	45
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	615	495	120	165	160	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	670	475	190	285	235	50
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	20,200	10,265	9,935	8,490	4,135	4,355
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	500	265	230	205	130	75
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	19,705	10,000	9,700	8,285	4,005	4,285
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	640	490	155	105	90	15
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	415	380	35	115	105	10
22 Utilities	140	135	10	45	45	0
23 Construction	2,020	1,830	190	555	505	55
31-33 Manufacturing	1,145	860	290	470	395	80
41 Wholesale trade	505	380	120	175	135	45
44-45 Retail trade	3,055	1,350	1,705	1,360	585	780
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	890	670	220	225	165	60
51 Information and cultural industries	265	165	100	105	60	45
52 Finance and insurance	420	140	285	110	35	70
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	170	100	70	65	30	35
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	560	280	280	295	170	125
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	0	10	10	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	455	255	200	520	265	260
61 Educational services	1,480	530	945	705	240	465
62 Health care and social assistance	3,640	645	2,995	1,245	205	1,040
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	190	95	100	80	50	30
72 Accommodation and food services	1,465	540	930	575	205	375
81 Other services (except public administration)	860	400	450	380	180	205
91 Public administration	1,385	765	620	1,135	540	600
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	16,870	8,235	8,640	7,325	3,405	3,925
Worked at home	660	300	360	270	85	185
Worked outside Canada	30	20	15	25	15	10
No fixed workplace address	1,800	1,365	435	625	465	160
Worked at usual place	14,380	6,545	7,835	6,405	2,840	3,570
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	14,380	6,545	7,830	6,405	2,835	3,565
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	8,350	3,570	4,780	5,670	2,395	3,280
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	4,910	2,140	2,770	415	230	185
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	775	540	240	190	110	80
Commute to a different province or territory	340	300	40	120	100	20
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	16,175	7,910	8,260	7,030	3,305	3,730
Car, truck, van - as a driver	13,165	6,405	6,760	5,925	2,825	3,100
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,310	475	835	565	210	350
Public transit	300	200	100	115	60	50
Walked	935	445	485	310	130	175
Bicycle	35	35	0	0	0	0
Other method	430	350	85	130	80	45
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	16,175	7,915	8,260	7,030	3,300	3,730
Less than 15 minutes	9,000	4,095	4,905	4,055	1,800	2,255
15 to 29 minutes	4,260	2,050	2,205	2,320	1,045	1,275
30 to 44 minutes	1,595	895	705	325	215	110
45 to 59 minutes	545	250	295	140	85	50
60 minutes and over	780	625	155	195	155	40
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	16,180	7,915	8,265	7,030	3,305	3,730
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	740	555	185	415	295	120
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,755	1,280	475	1,065	595	470
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	5,575	2,775	2,800	2,335	1,065	1,265
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	4,420	1,695	2,720	1,525	560	960
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,455	485	970	645	235	405
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,235	1,125	1,110	1,055	550	510
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	22,460	11,410	11,055	9,110	4,420	4,695
Single responses	22,440	11,405	11,035	8,915	4,335	4,580
Official languages	22,435	11,400	11,035	8,920	4,335	4,575
English	22,405	11,390	11,010	8,680	4,255	4,425
French	35	10	20	235	85	155
Non-official languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	10	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	20	0	15	195	80	115
English and French	15	0	15	190	80	105
English and non-official language	0	10	0	0	0	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	22,460	11,410	11,050	9,105	4,415	4,695
None	22,275	11,325	10,950	7,925	3,925	4,000
English	25	0	20	150	55	95
French	135	65	75	1,025	425	595
Non-official language	25	15	15	10	10	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	25	10	15	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	10	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	40,980	19,965	21,015	16,975	7,985	8,990
Non-movers	36,205	17,645	18,560	15,195	7,175	8,015
Movers	4,775	2,320	2,455	1,780	805	970
Non-migrants	2,485	1,175	1,305	1,035	485	550
Migrants	2,295	1,145	1,150	745	320	420
Internal migrants	2,265	1,135	1,130	690	305	385
Intraprovincial migrants	1,650	845	805	470	190	285
Interprovincial migrants	615	285	320	220	115	100
External migrants	30	10	20	55	20	40
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	39,570	19,215	20,355	16,260	7,635	8,625
Non-movers	27,025	13,100	13,925	11,505	5,495	6,020
Movers	12,540	6,115	6,430	4,750	2,140	2,605
Non-migrants	6,235	3,020	3,215	2,745	1,270	1,475
Migrants	6,305	3,090	3,215	2,005	870	1,135
Internal migrants	6,060	2,955	3,095	1,940	845	1,095
Intraprovincial migrants	3,665	1,785	1,880	1,150	475	675
Interprovincial migrants	2,395	1,175	1,215	795	370	420
External migrants	250	130	115	65	25	40

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Division No. 5, CDR [Census division], Newfoundland and Labrador and Miramichi, C [Census subdivision], New Brunswick (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 8, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Division No. 5, Census division [Census division], Newfoundland and Labrador and Miramichi, City [Census subdivision], New Brunswick

Census Profile, 2016 Census Division No. 5, Census division [Census division], Newfoundland and Labrador and Miramichi, City [Census subdivision], New Brunswick

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Division No. 5, Census division [Census division], Newfoundland and Labrador and Miramichi, City [Census subdivision], New Brunswick