Census Profile, 2016 Census
Central Regional Health Authority [Health region, December 2017], Newfoundland and Labrador and Lake Country, District municipality [Census subdivision], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Central Regional Health Authority Newfoundland and Labrador [Health region, December 2017]			Lake Country, DM British Columbia [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Central Regional Health Authority [Health region, December 2017], Newfoundland and Labrador Map : Central Regional Health Authority [Health region, December 2017], Newfoundland and Labrador Change geography 1			Data quality : Lake Country, District municipality [Census subdivision], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	92,690	...	...	12,922	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	93,642	...	...	11,708	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-1.0	...	...	10.4	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	52,574	...	...	5,897	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	39,790	...	...	5,094	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	2.2	...	...	105.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	42,251.91	...	...	122.19	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	92,690	45,445	47,240	12,920	6,455	6,470
0 to 14 years	11,895	6,135	5,760	2,020	1,005	1,015
0 to 4 years	3,275	1,660	1,610	600	310	290
5 to 9 years	4,190	2,165	2,030	730	350	380
10 to 14 years	4,435	2,315	2,115	690	345	345
15 to 64 years	58,695	28,785	29,900	8,755	4,355	4,400
15 to 19 years	4,790	2,445	2,345	720	365	355
20 to 24 years	3,665	1,900	1,765	665	355	305
25 to 29 years	3,505	1,755	1,755	670	340	330
30 to 34 years	3,965	1,860	2,110	835	415	415
35 to 39 years	4,735	2,210	2,525	815	410	410
40 to 44 years	5,915	2,820	3,090	785	410	375
45 to 49 years	7,160	3,505	3,650	880	425	455
50 to 54 years	7,810	3,880	3,930	1,140	535	605
55 to 59 years	8,510	4,185	4,325	1,190	600	590
60 to 64 years	8,640	4,230	4,405	1,050	490	555
65 years and over	22,095	10,525	11,575	2,145	1,090	1,055
65 to 69 years	8,050	3,955	4,100	795	415	380
70 to 74 years	5,725	2,830	2,890	565	290	280
75 to 79 years	3,820	1,830	1,990	350	180	175
80 to 84 years	2,520	1,160	1,360	215	120	100
85 years and over	1,985	750	1,230	215	85	130
85 to 89 years	1,360	550	810	130	60	75
90 to 94 years	500	170	335	65	25	40
95 to 99 years	105	25	80	15	5	10
100 years and over	15	0	10	5	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	12.8	13.5	12.2	15.6	15.6	15.7
15 to 64 years	63.3	63.3	63.3	67.8	67.5	68.0
65 years and over	23.8	23.2	24.5	16.6	16.9	16.3
85 years and over	2.1	1.7	2.6	1.7	1.3	2.0
Average age of the population	46.7	46.1	47.3	42.4	42.1	42.6
Median age of the population	50.5	50.1	50.8	44.7	44.1	45.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	39,790	...	...	5,090	...	...
Single-detached house	33,420	...	...	3,510	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	20	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	6,175	...	...	1,450	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,330	...	...	125	...	...
Row house	1,500	...	...	165	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,675	...	...	680	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,605	...	...	465	...	...
Other single-attached house	70	...	...	15	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	170	...	...	135	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	39,790	...	...	5,095	...	...
1 person	9,000	...	...	1,080	...	...
2 persons	18,335	...	...	2,135	...	...
3 persons	6,480	...	...	735	...	...
4 persons	4,330	...	...	740	...	...
5 or more persons	1,650	...	...	400	...	...
Number of persons in private households	91,165	...	...	12,725	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	80,790	39,310	41,480	10,900	5,445	5,455
Married or living common law	54,785	27,380	27,410	7,105	3,555	3,555
Married	46,860	23,425	23,435	5,915	2,960	2,955
Living common law	7,930	3,960	3,975	1,190	595	595
Not married and not living common law	26,005	11,930	14,070	3,790	1,890	1,900
Never married	15,070	8,370	6,700	2,365	1,385	985
Separated	1,340	635	700	280	120	160
Divorced	3,350	1,625	1,725	665	270	400
Widowed	6,240	1,300	4,945	475	120	360
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	30,635	...	...	3,965	...	...
2 persons	19,185	...	...	2,300	...	...
3 persons	6,305	...	...	715	...	...
4 persons	4,015	...	...	695	...	...
5 or more persons	1,130	...	...	255	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	30,635	...	...	3,965	...	...
Total couple families	27,065	...	...	3,510	...	...
Married couples	23,100	...	...	2,915	...	...
Common-law couples	3,960	...	...	595	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	3,570	...	...	455	...	...
Female parent	2,830	...	...	330	...	...
Male parent	745	...	...	120	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	27,065	...	...	3,515	...	...
Couples without children	16,800	...	...	1,990	...	...
Couples with children	10,265	...	...	1,520	...	...
1 child	5,380	...	...	600	...	...
2 children	3,815	...	...	670	...	...
3 or more children	1,070	...	...	250	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	3,565	...	...	455	...	...
1 child	2,380	...	...	310	...	...
2 children	925	...	...	115	...	...
3 or more children	260	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	11,935	5,245	6,685	1,825	900	925
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	39,790	...	...	5,095	...	...
One-census-family households	29,510	...	...	3,695	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	16,295	...	...	1,850	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	13,215	...	...	1,850	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	560	...	...	135	...	...
Non-census-family households	9,720	...	...	1,265	...	...
One-person households	8,995	...	...	1,085	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	725	...	...	180	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	92,020	45,240	46,785	12,770	6,360	6,410
English only	89,770	44,315	45,450	11,920	6,000	5,915
French only	5	0	0	5	0	0
English and French	2,195	890	1,305	810	345	465
Neither English nor French	60	30	25	35	10	20
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	92,025	45,240	46,780	12,765	6,355	6,410
English	91,795	45,115	46,680	12,535	6,250	6,290
French	165	90	75	175	90	80
English and French	20	10	5	30	10	20
Neither English nor French	45	25	20	35	10	20
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	175	95	80	185	95	90
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.2	0.2	0.2	1.4	1.5	1.4
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	92,020	45,240	46,785	12,765	6,355	6,410
Single responses	91,885	45,185	46,705	12,665	6,315	6,350
Official languages	91,335	44,920	46,420	11,505	5,770	5,740
English	91,155	44,830	46,325	11,315	5,675	5,640
French	175	90	90	195	95	100
Non-official languages	550	260	290	1,165	545	615
Aboriginal languages	15	5	10	5	5	0
Algonquian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	0	5	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	5	5	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	540	260	280	1,160	550	610
Afro-Asiatic languages	75	45	35	10	5	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	80	40	35	5	5	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	75	40	35	5	5	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	5	0	5	0	5
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	70	20	50	30	5	25
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	5	5	0	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	0	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	5	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	55	15	40	20	5	15
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	5	0
Creole languages	5	0	0	5	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dravidian languages	25	10	10	5	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	15	5	5	0	0	0
Tamil	5	5	0	5	0	0
Telugu	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	205	105	100	1,000	495	505
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Armenian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	25	10	20	245	115	130
Baltic languages	0	5	0	5	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	25	10	20	245	115	130
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	5
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Croatian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Czech	0	0	0	10	5	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	5	35	15	20
Russian	5	5	0	110	55	55
Serbian	5	0	10	5	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	10	5	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	15	5	5
Ukrainian	5	0	0	40	25	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	65	35	30	460	235	230
Afrikaans	10	5	5	25	10	10
Danish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Dutch	5	5	0	70	40	35
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	40	15	20	350	170	175
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	5	0	5	0	0
Swedish	5	5	5	5	5	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	5	0	10	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	70	40	30	145	70	75
Indo-Aryan languages	55	35	20	130	70	65
Bengali	10	10	5	10	5	0
Gujarati	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	5	5	0	10	5	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	20	15	5	110	55	55
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Urdu	15	10	5	0	5	0
Iranian languages	15	5	10	10	0	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	0	5	10	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	35	20	20	140	70	70
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	5	45	25	20
Portuguese	10	5	5	30	15	15
Romanian	0	0	5	10	5	5
Spanish	20	10	10	55	20	30
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	15	5	15
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	10	5	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	20	15	10	5	5	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	0	5	5	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	10	5	5	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	5	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	15	10	10	5	10
American Sign Language	5	0	5	10	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	10	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	90	35	50	25	10	20
Chinese languages	85	35	50	30	10	15
Cantonese	45	20	25	10	5	10
Hakka	0	0	0	5	0	5
Mandarin	10	0	5	10	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	25	10	15	5	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	10	5	5	0	5
Lao	5	0	5	0	0	0
Thai	15	5	5	5	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	35	10	20
Estonian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Finnish	0	0	5	10	0	5
Hungarian	0	0	0	25	5	15
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	135	55	75	100	45	60
English and French	60	25	40	20	5	15
English and non-official language	70	30	40	75	30	40
French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	92,020	45,240	46,780	12,765	6,360	6,410
Single responses	91,855	45,170	46,685	12,605	6,285	6,320
Official languages	91,625	45,050	46,575	12,290	6,135	6,155
English	91,580	45,025	46,555	12,245	6,115	6,130
French	45	30	20	45	20	20
Non-official languages	230	115	110	315	150	160
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	230	115	115	315	150	165
Afro-Asiatic languages	45	25	20	5	0	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	40	25	15	5	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	40	25	20	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	5	5
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	5	5	5	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	5	5	5	0	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tamil	5	0	5	0	0	5
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	55	25	30	270	130	135
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	5	75	35	40
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Slavic languages	5	0	5	70	35	35
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	5	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Russian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Serbian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	10	0	5
Ukrainian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	5	5	90	35	45
Afrikaans	0	5	0	10	5	5
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	15	5	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	5	0	0	65	30	35
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	35	15	20	95	50	45
Indo-Aryan languages	30	15	15	95	50	50
Bengali	5	0	0	5	5	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	10	5	85	40	45
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	5	5	5	0	5	0
Iranian languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	5	5	15	10	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Portuguese	5	0	0	0	0	5
Romanian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Spanish	10	5	5	5	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	10	5	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	5	0	5	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	35	20	10	10	0	0
American Sign Language	5	5	0	5	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	25	15	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	60	25	35	10	5	10
Chinese languages	60	30	35	15	5	5
Cantonese	40	20	15	5	0	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	0	5	0	0	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	20	5	15	5	5	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	170	75	95	160	70	90
English and French	30	15	15	10	10	0
English and non-official language	135	55	80	145	60	90
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	0	5	5	5	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	92,020	45,240	46,785	12,765	6,360	6,410
None	91,400	44,975	46,425	12,070	6,055	6,015
English	120	60	55	160	75	80
French	265	95	165	105	45	60
Non-official language	235	105	130	420	175	245
Aboriginal	10	5	5	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	220	105	115	420	175	245
English and French	5	0	5	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	5	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	79,280	38,770	40,515	10,705	5,335	5,365
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	76,145	37,510	38,635	10,395	5,210	5,185
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,572	36,236	20,754	36,839	47,488	29,626
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	76,180	37,515	38,665	10,405	5,220	5,185
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	24,755	32,631	20,026	32,896	41,100	27,095
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	59,275	31,025	28,255	9,690	4,925	4,765
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	23,739	32,550	17,043	34,280	45,253	26,765
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	62,435	29,275	33,160	6,875	3,015	3,860
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	11,186	13,250	9,555	5,717	6,416	5,435
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	49,375	26,140	23,235	8,135	4,205	3,925
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	24,020	33,806	17,575	32,553	44,646	25,510
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	79,270	38,750	40,520	10,700	5,335	5,365
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	76,230	37,530	38,700	10,410	5,220	5,195
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,795	48,390	27,521	49,526	61,064	37,933
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	76,260	37,530	38,730	10,425	5,230	5,195
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,041	39,949	24,379	40,683	48,776	32,537
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	59,280	31,150	28,130	9,740	4,925	4,810
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,841	46,611	26,023	47,630	59,588	35,385
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	62,865	29,480	33,385	6,785	3,010	3,775
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	11,090	12,352	9,976	7,645	8,353	7,082
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	49,385	26,265	23,125	8,135	4,200	3,935
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,904	47,533	26,967	45,413	57,075	32,961
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	79,275	38,750	40,520	10,700	5,335	5,370
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	15,970	7,985	7,985	3,480	2,035	1,445
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	49,344	58,930	39,501	51,893	64,211	42,785
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	59,773	71,337	48,206	64,154	75,540	48,120
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	76.0	80.2	68.9	89.9	92.2	86.3
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	64.6	68.6	57.8	69.6	73.5	63.5
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	24.0	19.8	31.0	10.1	7.7	13.8
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	79,280	38,765	40,515	10,700	5,335	5,365
Without total income	3,135	1,260	1,875	305	125	180
With total income	76,150	37,510	38,640	10,395	5,210	5,185
Percentage with total income	96.1	96.8	95.4	97.1	97.7	96.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	10,590	3,435	7,155	1,345	555	790
$10,000 to $19,999	17,760	6,580	11,180	1,655	640	1,015
$20,000 to $29,999	13,635	5,470	8,170	1,350	540	810
$30,000 to $39,999	9,595	5,070	4,525	1,190	520	670
$40,000 to $49,999	6,790	4,085	2,705	1,075	475	600
$50,000 to $59,999	4,295	2,955	1,345	870	470	395
$60,000 to $69,999	3,235	2,255	975	715	450	265
$70,000 to $79,999	2,310	1,535	775	550	360	190
$80,000 to $89,999	1,960	1,235	725	395	250	145
$90,000 to $99,999	1,590	1,085	505	285	185	105
$100,000 and over	4,385	3,800	580	965	765	200
$100,000 to $149,999	3,110	2,670	445	630	495	135
$150,000 and over	1,275	1,135	140	335	270	65
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	79,280	38,770	40,515	10,705	5,335	5,365
Without after-tax income	3,100	1,255	1,840	300	115	180
With after-tax income	76,180	37,510	38,670	10,405	5,215	5,190
Percentage with after-tax income	96.1	96.8	95.4	97.2	97.8	96.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	10,925	3,475	7,450	1,420	600	825
$10,000 to $19,999	18,715	6,875	11,840	1,750	685	1,065
$20,000 to $29,999	15,630	6,700	8,930	1,605	650	955
$30,000 to $39,999	10,690	6,045	4,640	1,390	615	780
$40,000 to $49,999	6,660	4,455	2,205	1,250	640	610
$50,000 to $59,999	4,290	2,970	1,315	900	570	330
$60,000 to $69,999	3,005	1,975	1,030	645	410	235
$70,000 to $79,999	2,260	1,545	715	485	315	170
$80,000 and over	4,020	3,475	545	955	735	220
$80,000 to $89,999	1,275	1,050	225	280	195	80
$90,000 to $99,999	865	755	110	190	150	35
$100,000 and over	1,880	1,670	215	485	390	95
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	79,280	38,770	40,515	10,700	5,335	5,365
Without employment income	29,905	12,630	17,275	2,570	1,125	1,440
With employment income	49,380	26,140	23,235	8,130	4,210	3,925
Percentage with employment income	62.3	67.4	57.3	76.0	78.9	73.2
Under $5,000 (including loss)	7,915	3,605	4,315	1,320	630	690
$5,000 to $9,999	4,940	1,835	3,105	590	235	355
$10,000 to $19,999	8,985	3,775	5,210	1,045	425	620
$20,000 to $29,999	6,525	2,915	3,610	895	340	555
$30,000 to $39,999	4,235	2,370	1,870	750	325	425
$40,000 to $49,999	3,550	2,080	1,475	735	310	425
$50,000 to $59,999	2,645	1,815	830	630	375	255
$60,000 to $69,999	2,275	1,510	765	500	325	180
$70,000 to $79,999	1,680	1,130	545	420	280	145
$80,000 and over	6,625	5,110	1,515	1,245	970	275
$80,000 to $89,999	1,700	1,010	695	315	215	100
$90,000 to $99,999	1,340	930	415	225	160	70
$100,000 and over	3,580	3,175	405	710	600	110
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	39,790	...	...	5,095	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	56,448	...	...	83,243	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	51,022	...	...	72,294	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	8,995	...	...	1,085	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	23,244	...	...	36,122	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	22,634	...	...	32,224	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	30,795	...	...	4,010	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	68,348	...	...	97,205	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	60,857	...	...	83,846	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	39,785	...	...	5,095	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	72,417	...	...	101,243	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	61,416	...	...	83,235	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	8,990	...	...	1,080	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,759	...	...	51,872	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,469	...	...	42,561	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	30,790	...	...	4,015	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	83,706	...	...	114,537	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	70,745	...	...	94,188	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	39,790	...	...	5,095	...	...
Under $5,000	220	...	...	70	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	535	...	...	55	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,280	...	...	95	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,300	...	...	170	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,280	...	...	150	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,465	...	...	155	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	3,015	...	...	160	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,030	...	...	205	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,820	...	...	190	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,725	...	...	175	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,330	...	...	345	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,965	...	...	320	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,520	...	...	380	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,195	...	...	295	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,910	...	...	325	...	...
$100,000 and over	9,200	...	...	2,010	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,335	...	...	650	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,300	...	...	455	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,265	...	...	540	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,295	...	...	370	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	39,790	...	...	5,090	...	...
Under $5,000	235	...	...	80	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	545	...	...	55	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,290	...	...	100	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,375	...	...	170	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,490	...	...	180	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,630	...	...	180	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	3,255	...	...	230	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,325	...	...	220	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,185	...	...	215	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,115	...	...	210	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,940	...	...	395	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,370	...	...	435	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,855	...	...	395	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,245	...	...	410	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,755	...	...	325	...	...
$100,000 and over	6,180	...	...	1,495	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,145	...	...	625	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,560	...	...	375	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,480	...	...	485	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	30,350	...	...	3,880	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	68,103	...	...	96,421	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	60,647	...	...	83,038	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	15,910	...	...	1,820	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	57,197	...	...	87,501	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	51,950	...	...	75,287	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	10,435	...	...	1,530	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	99,306	...	...	118,235	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	85,082	...	...	100,192	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.7	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	3,260	...	...	420	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	39,128	...	...	54,016	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	38,091	...	...	46,976	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	30,360	...	...	3,880	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	83,609	...	...	113,998	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	70,614	...	...	93,598	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	15,905	...	...	1,790	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	71,341	...	...	106,706	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	60,900	...	...	86,201	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	10,450	...	...	1,525	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	112,996	...	...	138,857	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	93,382	...	...	114,695	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,275	...	...	420	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,845	...	...	55,549	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	44,265	...	...	47,953	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	10,390	4,630	5,755	1,610	820	795
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	23,207	27,797	21,456	32,720	35,776	29,248
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	22,499	25,627	21,244	29,163	31,893	26,496
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	10,350	4,640	5,715	1,550	805	745
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	33,133	38,308	28,927	47,177	50,734	43,326
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	28,962	32,471	26,109	39,095	41,558	36,429
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	91,170	44,895	46,265	12,725	6,345	6,385
In the bottom half of the distribution	54,595	26,050	28,545	5,450	2,595	2,855
In the bottom decile	8,575	3,960	4,615	1,020	490	535
In the second decile	15,145	6,805	8,340	960	430	530
In the third decile	10,970	5,300	5,670	1,135	550	580
In the fourth decile	10,350	5,185	5,170	1,075	515	560
In the fifth decile	9,550	4,800	4,750	1,255	605	655
In the top half of the distribution	36,575	18,850	17,720	7,270	3,745	3,525
In the sixth decile	8,995	4,595	4,405	1,380	695	685
In the seventh decile	8,190	4,200	3,990	1,425	740	680
In the eighth decile	7,585	3,915	3,675	1,540	785	750
In the ninth decile	7,015	3,605	3,405	1,465	755	710
In the top decile	4,790	2,540	2,245	1,465	770	695
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	90,210	44,390	45,820	12,725	6,340	6,385
0 to 17 years	14,635	7,550	7,085	2,450	1,220	1,230
0 to 5 years	3,985	2,025	1,955	750	370	375
18 to 64 years	54,855	26,775	28,080	8,245	4,070	4,175
65 years and over	20,725	10,070	10,655	2,025	1,045	980
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	17,475	7,860	9,610	1,360	635	725
0 to 17 years	3,140	1,635	1,510	280	130	145
0 to 5 years	975	500	480	75	30	40
18 to 64 years	8,140	3,585	4,560	805	380	425
65 years and over	6,195	2,645	3,545	280	125	150
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	19.4	17.7	21.0	10.7	10.0	11.4
0 to 17 years (%)	21.5	21.7	21.3	11.4	10.7	11.8
0 to 5 years (%)	24.5	24.7	24.6	10.0	8.1	10.7
18 to 64 years (%)	14.8	13.4	16.2	9.8	9.3	10.2
65 years and over (%)	29.9	26.3	33.3	13.8	12.0	15.3
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	4,350	2,095	2,255	630	310	320
0 to 17 years	875	435	440	130	60	65
0 to 5 years	275	135	140	25	15	15
18 to 64 years	3,250	1,575	1,675	465	225	235
65 years and over	225	80	145	30	20	15
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.8	4.7	4.9	5.0	4.9	5.0
0 to 17 years (%)	6.0	5.8	6.2	5.3	4.9	5.3
0 to 5 years (%)	6.9	6.7	7.2	3.3	4.1	4.0
18 to 64 years (%)	5.9	5.9	6.0	5.6	5.5	5.6
65 years and over (%)	1.1	0.8	1.4	1.5	1.9	1.5
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	91,160	44,900	46,265	12,720	6,340	6,380
Official languages	91,085	44,855	46,235	12,705	6,330	6,370
English	91,075	44,845	46,225	12,695	6,325	6,375
French	2,170	835	1,335	825	340	480
Non-official languages	870	435	435	1,535	665	875
Aboriginal languages	45	10	40	10	0	10
Algonquian languages	20	0	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	15	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	30	0	25	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	25	0	25	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Non-Aboriginal languages	820	420	400	1,530	665	865
Afro-Asiatic languages	75	45	30	30	15	20
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	70	40	25	30	10	20
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	70	40	30	10	0	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	25	10	15
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	0	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	15	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	65	10	55	65	15	50
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	0	10	10	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	60	10	50	50	10	35
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	40	15	25	10	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	30	15	20	0	0	0
Tamil	25	10	15	0	0	10
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	310	180	130	1,315	620	695
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Balto-Slavic languages	35	20	15	230	100	130
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	40	20	15	230	100	130
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	10	0	0	10	0
Czech	0	0	0	20	15	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	20	10	15	65	25	45
Russian	20	10	10	85	35	45
Serbian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	15	10	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	25	20	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	90	55	35	545	260	285
Afrikaans	15	10	0	10	0	10
Danish	0	0	0	20	10	10
Dutch	0	0	0	60	25	35
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	60	40	25	440	215	230
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	15	10	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Yiddish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	20	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages	80	55	30	110	55	55
Indo-Aryan languages	70	50	20	100	50	45
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	25	15	15	15	10	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	35	25	10	95	45	45
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	15	10	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	0	10	15	0	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	105	50	55	455	210	245
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	10	0	115	50	65
Portuguese	10	10	0	75	35	40
Romanian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Spanish	90	40	50	280	125	155
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Japanese	10	10	10	40	10	30
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	10	15	0	15
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	70	40	30	0	10	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	10	0	10	10	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	45	20	25	0	0	0
Swahili	0	10	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	15	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	115	60	60	10	0	10
American Sign Language	40	15	25	10	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	80	40	35	0	0	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	125	55	65	50	15	35
Chinese languages	125	60	65	50	15	35
Cantonese	70	25	40	20	0	20
Hakka	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mandarin	10	0	10	20	10	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	55	25	30	10	10	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	35	25	15	0	0	0
Lao	10	0	10	0	0	0
Thai	30	20	10	10	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	10
Hungarian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	91,165	44,895	46,265	12,720	6,345	6,385
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	90,670	44,635	46,035	12,280	6,135	6,140
Canadian citizens aged under 18	14,885	7,680	7,205	2,375	1,165	1,210
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	75,790	36,955	38,830	9,905	4,975	4,930
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	490	260	225	440	205	240
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	91,160	44,895	46,265	12,725	6,340	6,380
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	90,170	44,410	45,760	11,155	5,605	5,555
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	855	405	450	1,455	690	760
Before 1981	340	135	200	700	370	330
1981 to 1990	75	30	40	210	95	115
1991 to 2000	80	50	35	155	50	110
2001 to 2010	205	100	100	265	120	150
2001 to 2005	60	30	35	155	80	75
2006 to 2010	140	75	65	110	40	70
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	155	80	75	120	55	60
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	135	85	55	115	45	65
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	855	405	450	1,455	695	765
Under 5 years	130	65	75	240	85	160
5 to 14 years	75	45	30	265	140	125
15 to 24 years	245	100	145	345	180	160
25 to 44 years	320	145	175	515	245	270
45 years and over	80	50	25	90	35	55
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	860	405	450	1,455	695	765
Americas	155	70	85	265	115	145
Brazil	10	10	0	25	10	15
Colombia	0	0	0	10	0	10
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	10	10	0	0	0
Mexico	0	10	10	15	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	115	50	65	165	70	95
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	0	45	25	25
Europe	330	160	170	905	460	445
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	10	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	20	15	10	175	85	90
Greece	0	0	0	15	10	10
Hungary	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	10	0	10	10	0	0
Italy	10	0	0	35	15	15
Netherlands	10	10	0	50	25	25
Poland	10	0	15	45	20	25
Portugal	0	0	0	20	10	10
Romania	10	0	0	30	10	15
Russian Federation	0	10	0	30	0	20
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	10	10	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	245	120	125	350	185	165
Other places of birth in Europe	20	0	10	130	75	60
Africa	65	45	25	45	15	25
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	10	10	0	10	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	15	10	10	20	0	15
Other places of birth in Africa	30	20	10	20	10	10
Asia	300	130	170	185	50	130
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	100	40	60	20	10	15
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	60	30	30	35	15	20
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Iraq	20	15	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	15	0	10
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	10	10	10	10
Lebanon	10	10	0	10	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	50	10	40	40	0	40
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Asia	40	20	20	25	0	25
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	10	0	0	65	50	15
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	160	80	75	120	60	65
Americas	45	25	15	30	25	10
Brazil	0	0	0	10	10	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	15	10	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	15	10	10	0	0	0
Mexico	0	10	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	25	20	10	10	10	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	15	10	10	40	15	25
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	10	10	35	10	20
Other places of birth in Europe	10	10	0	0	0	0
Africa	30	20	10	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	10	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	20	15	10	0	0	0
Asia	70	30	40	40	10	30
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	20	10	15	15	10	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	20	10	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	10	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Philippines	10	0	10	20	0	15
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	10	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	0	10	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	10	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	91,160	44,895	46,265	12,725	6,340	6,380
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	1,080	520	560	1,630	785	850
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	1,465	675	790	2,450	1,210	1,240
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	88,615	43,710	44,915	8,635	4,345	4,295
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	535	280	255	775	325	450
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	315	190	120	400	170	225
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	145	100	45	155	90	70
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	165	95	75	245	85	155
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	200	75	125	300	115	180
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	25	15	10	75	30	40
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	91,160	44,895	46,265	12,720	6,340	6,380
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	5,270	2,570	2,700	740	340	400
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	4,930	2,395	2,530	725	335	390
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	3,805	1,860	1,945	290	165	120
Métis	755	350	400	430	165	265
Inuk (Inuit)	375	180	190	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	95	50	40	10	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	250	120	130	10	0	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	85,890	42,325	43,560	11,980	6,000	5,980
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	91,160	44,895	46,260	12,725	6,340	6,385
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	3,145	1,585	1,560	145	80	60
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	88,015	43,315	44,700	12,585	6,255	6,325
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	91,160	44,895	46,265	12,720	6,340	6,385
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	2,670	1,365	1,300	115	60	55
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	2,615	1,340	1,280	115	65	50
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	2,160	1,100	1,065	65	40	25
Métis single ancestry	285	155	130	50	25	25
Inuit single ancestry	170	85	85	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	50	25	20	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	20	10	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	20	20	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	4,795	2,280	2,515	795	330	465
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	4,595	2,175	2,415	780	315	465
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,670	1,770	1,900	415	175	240
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	520	210	310	360	135	220
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	400	200	200	10	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	200	100	100	15	15	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	75	45	30	15	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	70	20	50	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	45	30	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	83,700	41,250	42,450	11,810	5,945	5,865
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	91,160	44,900	46,260	12,725	6,340	6,380
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	780	350	425	595	230	365
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	140	80	65	165	60	105
Chinese	210	90	120	90	25	65
Black	175	80	95	30	20	15
Filipino	80	25	60	70	25	45
Latin American	25	10	15	65	20	50
Arab	55	35	25	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	55	25	30	50	15	30
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	10	0	10	10	0	0
Korean	10	0	0	10	10	10
Japanese	10	0	10	45	20	30
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	10	10	0	15	15	10
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	10	0	0	50	40	10
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	90,385	44,545	45,835	12,130	6,110	6,015
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	91,160	44,900	46,265	12,725	6,340	6,385
North American Aboriginal origins	7,460	3,645	3,815	910	390	515
First Nations (North American Indian)	6,015	2,950	3,070	490	225	265
Inuit	735	370	360	10	10	10
Métis	970	465	505	425	170	250
Other North American origins	56,755	27,975	28,775	3,715	1,910	1,800
Acadian	20	15	0	15	10	0
American	225	100	125	205	135	80
Canadian	56,145	27,675	28,465	3,580	1,835	1,745
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	595	310	285	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Québécois	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	43,060	21,075	21,980	10,515	5,235	5,280
British Isles origins	41,665	20,350	21,310	6,930	3,365	3,565
Channel Islander	15	10	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	34,630	16,965	17,660	4,260	2,115	2,145
Irish	10,100	4,840	5,260	2,160	985	1,175
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	4,660	2,275	2,385	2,880	1,335	1,550
Welsh	510	235	275	320	190	130
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	920	455	465	365	185	180
French origins	2,330	1,060	1,270	1,675	800	875
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	2,325	1,060	1,270	1,675	800	875
Western European origins (except French origins)	1,155	550	600	3,905	1,885	2,020
Austrian	15	0	15	215	125	95
Bavarian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Belgian	10	0	0	115	40	70
Dutch	240	100	140	805	430	380
Flemish	0	10	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	10	10	0
German	880	445	435	2,955	1,365	1,590
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	15	10	0	155	85	70
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	470	175	295	1,455	715	740
Danish	100	30	65	120	55	65
Finnish	10	0	10	85	50	40
Icelandic	0	0	0	100	45	55
Norwegian	120	30	85	670	355	315
Swedish	240	100	145	570	245	325
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	20	15	10	85	35	45
Eastern European origins	420	210	215	2,590	1,300	1,290
Bulgarian	10	10	0	10	0	10
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	10	0	10	95	50	45
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	45	25	25
Estonian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Hungarian	60	25	35	320	130	190
Latvian	0	10	0	10	0	10
Lithuanian	10	10	0	0	0	10
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	130	55	80	575	260	310
Romanian	10	0	10	85	45	40
Russian	80	55	25	620	325	295
Slovak	0	0	0	45	25	20
Ukrainian	180	95	90	1,155	600	555
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	30	10	20
Southern European origins	315	160	155	930	455	470
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	15	10	0	75	30	45
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	30	10	15	55	35	15
Italian	135	85	55	520	260	260
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	60	35	30	110	60	50
Serbian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Spanish	85	35	50	155	65	85
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	50	20	35
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	65	30	40	90	30	55
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	10	0	10	60	20	35
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	50	25	25	25	10	20
Caribbean origins	60	30	40	50	35	15
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	15	15	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	50	20	30	20	10	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	0	10	15	10	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	80	35	45	145	60	85
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Chilean	0	0	0	30	10	20
Colombian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	10	10	0	10	10	10
Hispanic	10	10	10	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	10	10	0
Maya	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	30	15	20	75	30	45
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	15	10	10	10	10	10
African origins	180	85	95	80	40	35
Central and West African origins	30	20	10	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	15	10	10	10	10	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	35	20	20	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	65	40	25	45	25	20
Afrikaner	0	0	0	10	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	10	10	0	20	10	15
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	45	20	25	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	65	15	55	35	15	20
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	70	10	55	35	15	20
Asian origins	715	325	390	565	225	335
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	170	80	90	80	45	35
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	30	20	10	0	0	0
Armenian	0	10	0	10	10	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	10	0	10	15	0	10
Iraqi	30	25	10	10	0	10
Israeli	0	0	0	15	10	10
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	10	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	75	20	55	20	10	10
Palestinian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	15	15	10
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	10	0	0
South Asian origins	130	75	55	155	65	85
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	105	55	50	155	70	85
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	25	20	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	15	10	10	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	415	165	250	345	125	220
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	275	125	150	125	35	95
Filipino	75	15	65	85	35	55
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	15	0	15
Japanese	10	0	10	85	40	45
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	30	15	15
Laotian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	10
Thai	35	20	15	20	10	10
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	20	10	20
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	30	15	10	145	65	85
Australian	30	20	10	60	25	35
New Zealander	0	0	0	45	30	15
Pacific Islands origins	10	0	0	45	10	35
Fijian	0	0	0	20	0	20
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	10	0	10
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	20	0	15
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	39,785	...	...	5,095	...	...
Owner	32,135	...	...	3,985	...	...
Renter	7,615	...	...	1,110	...	...
Band housing	30	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	39,785	...	...	5,095	...	...
Condominium	460	...	...	490	...	...
Not condominium	39,325	...	...	4,610	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	39,785	...	...	5,090	...	...
No bedrooms	25	...	...	10	...	...
1 bedroom	1,465	...	...	360	...	...
2 bedrooms	9,605	...	...	1,065	...	...
3 bedrooms	18,825	...	...	1,635	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	9,865	...	...	2,020	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	39,785	...	...	5,095	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	5,330	...	...	920	...	...
5 rooms	6,390	...	...	655	...	...
6 rooms	7,365	...	...	600	...	...
7 rooms	6,540	...	...	765	...	...
8 or more rooms	14,165	...	...	2,155	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.9	...	...	7.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	39,785	...	...	5,090	...	...
One person or fewer per room	39,705	...	...	5,065	...	...
More than 1 person per room	85	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	39,785	...	...	5,095	...	...
Suitable	39,225	...	...	4,965	...	...
Not suitable	560	...	...	130	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	39,785	...	...	5,095	...	...
1960 or before	9,650	...	...	360	...	...
1961 to 1980	13,675	...	...	1,475	...	...
1981 to 1990	6,210	...	...	685	...	...
1991 to 2000	4,290	...	...	795	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,550	...	...	355	...	...
2006 to 2010	2,250	...	...	895	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	2,155	...	...	535	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	39,785	...	...	5,090	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	36,625	...	...	4,875	...	...
Major repairs needed	3,165	...	...	220	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	39,785	...	...	5,095	...	...
1 household maintainer	24,255	...	...	2,630	...	...
2 household maintainers	15,150	...	...	2,285	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	380	...	...	180	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	39,785	...	...	5,095	...	...
15 to 24 years	675	...	...	125	...	...
25 to 34 years	3,310	...	...	620	...	...
35 to 44 years	5,390	...	...	815	...	...
45 to 54 years	7,730	...	...	1,045	...	...
55 to 64 years	9,425	...	...	1,280	...	...
65 to 74 years	8,120	...	...	775	...	...
75 to 84 years	4,030	...	...	340	...	...
85 years and over	1,105	...	...	85	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	39,395	...	...	4,910	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	33,790	...	...	3,715	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	5,610	...	...	1,200	...	...
30% to less than 100%	5,250	...	...	1,070	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	31,915	...	...	3,815	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	39.3	...	...	67.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	8.2	...	...	20.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	505	...	...	1,474	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	723	...	...	1,492	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	139,391	...	...	501,229	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	162,012	...	...	596,138	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	7,515	...	...	1,105	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	23.6	...	...	11.3	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	39.9	...	...	38.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	711	...	...	1,088	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	737	...	...	1,082	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	79,270	38,755	40,520	10,705	5,330	5,370
No certificate, diploma or degree	25,415	12,470	12,940	1,500	805	695
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	20,390	8,925	11,460	3,300	1,625	1,675
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	33,470	17,355	16,120	5,895	2,900	3,000
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	9,770	7,250	2,520	1,360	1,065	295
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	5,030	3,230	1,800	500	305	190
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	4,740	4,015	720	860	760	105
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	15,980	6,815	9,170	2,570	950	1,615
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,450	550	900	255	115	140
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,275	2,740	3,530	1,715	770	940
Bachelor's degree	4,280	1,835	2,450	1,080	475	605
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	325	160	170	175	80	90
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	180	130	45	35	30	10
Master's degree	1,415	580	840	350	145	205
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	65	35	30	75	40	25
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	50,000	24,245	25,755	7,315	3,620	3,695
No certificate, diploma or degree	11,825	6,110	5,710	625	375	245
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	12,675	5,410	7,270	2,100	1,060	1,040
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	25,495	12,720	12,770	4,590	2,180	2,410
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	7,030	5,230	1,805	955	770	185
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	3,745	2,440	1,305	320	210	110
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	3,285	2,790	500	640	555	75
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	12,810	5,315	7,500	2,130	785	1,340
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	830	335	490	195	70	125
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	4,825	1,845	2,975	1,305	550	760
Bachelor's degree	3,260	1,245	2,015	835	340	495
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	240	115	125	140	65	80
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	125	80	45	15	10	0
Master's degree	1,155	380	775	260	105	160
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	50	30	25	55	30	30
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	79,275	38,755	40,520	10,700	5,335	5,370
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	45,805	21,395	24,400	4,805	2,435	2,375
Education	3,320	1,090	2,230	415	105	315
13. Education	3,320	1,095	2,230	415	105	315
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	295	140	155	230	75	155
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	85	65	20	40	25	15
50. Visual and performing arts	210	75	135	195	45	150
Humanities	865	425	435	215	90	125
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	50	10	40	15	0	15
23. English language and literature/letters	105	55	55	35	0	30
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	150	60	90	60	25	40
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	90	40	50	35	30	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	405	245	165	40	30	10
54. History	40	25	15	25	0	20
55. French language and literature/letters	20	0	15	0	10	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,245	330	920	390	130	255
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	50	30	30	30	25	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	470	40	435	75	10	65
22. Legal professions and studies	155	40	115	115	25	90
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	20	0	20	0	0	0
42. Psychology	195	70	125	50	10	40
45. Social sciences	345	155	190	115	70	50
Business, management and public administration	6,295	1,065	5,230	1,130	400	730
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	385	50	330	50	15	40
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	5,910	1,015	4,895	1,080	390	685
Physical and life sciences and technologies	460	255	205	210	130	85
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	170	75	95	80	35	45
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	115	70	45	50	35	15
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	120	105	15	70	55	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	50	10	45	10	10	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	740	360	385	135	75	65
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	660	320	345	105	55	45
25. Library science	30	0	25	10	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	50	35	15	25	10	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	9,625	9,165	460	1,610	1,475	135
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	25	15	10
14. Engineering	385	360	25	155	115	40
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,660	1,440	215	255	200	50
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	3,145	3,085	60	455	440	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,960	2,870	85	510	490	20
48. Precision production	1,470	1,395	75	215	215	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	610	470	145	160	105	55
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	175	95	75	105	70	35
03. Natural resources and conservation	435	375	65	55	35	20
Health and related fields	5,255	805	4,450	995	145	850
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	195	140	55	70	30	40
51. Health professions and related programs	5,005	625	4,380	920	110	810
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	60	40	15	10	10	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	4,755	3,240	1,515	400	175	230
12. Personal and culinary services	1,705	330	1,370	265	65	200
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	55	40	15	0	10	0
43. Security and protective services	205	145	55	60	40	20
49. Transportation and materials moving	2,790	2,715	75	75	60	15
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	50,000	24,245	25,755	7,310	3,620	3,695
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	24,500	11,520	12,980	2,725	1,440	1,285
Education	2,045	550	1,500	285	60	225
13. Education	2,045	550	1,495	285	60	225
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	220	90	130	175	45	130
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	40	25	20	30	20	0
50. Visual and performing arts	175	65	115	150	25	125
Humanities	550	250	300	160	65	100
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	25	0	30	15	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	80	35	50	25	0	25
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	85	35	50	60	25	35
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	40	15	25	30	20	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	255	140	115	25	15	10
54. History	35	20	15	15	0	10
55. French language and literature/letters	15	0	15	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,040	255	785	335	115	225
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	30	0	25	30	25	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	395	40	355	65	10	55
22. Legal professions and studies	130	30	100	95	0	85
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	15	0	15	0	0	0
42. Psychology	155	50	105	45	10	35
45. Social sciences	310	135	175	105	65	45
Business, management and public administration	5,130	810	4,315	920	310	615
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	325	40	285	50	10	45
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,800	765	4,030	870	300	570
Physical and life sciences and technologies	360	200	165	160	95	65
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	125	50	75	60	30	30
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	100	65	35	50	30	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	90	80	15	40	25	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	40	0	35	15	10	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	665	335	330	120	65	55
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	605	295	305	95	55	40
25. Library science	20	0	20	10	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	40	30	10	20	15	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	6,860	6,500	355	1,255	1,130	120
04. Architecture and related services	0	10	0	20	10	0
14. Engineering	260	240	20	100	65	35
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,255	1,060	195	205	160	45
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,235	2,205	35	335	330	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,125	2,050	75	410	400	15
48. Precision production	980	940	35	180	175	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	505	395	110	120	70	45
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	140	80	60	80	45	35
03. Natural resources and conservation	365	315	50	40	25	15
Health and related fields	4,200	620	3,580	790	110	680
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	135	95	40	55	20	30
51. Health professions and related programs	4,020	490	3,530	735	90	645
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	40	25	15	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,925	2,725	1,195	270	105	155
12. Personal and culinary services	1,350	275	1,075	175	40	130
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	55	45	10	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	170	120	50	50	30	20
49. Transportation and materials moving	2,350	2,290	55	45	35	10
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	79,270	38,750	40,520	10,700	5,335	5,370
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	45,805	21,395	24,400	4,800	2,430	2,370
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	33,470	17,355	16,115	5,900	2,900	2,995
Location of study inside Canada	32,915	17,060	15,855	5,205	2,560	2,640
Same as province or territory of residence	28,500	14,795	13,705	3,445	1,640	1,805
Different than province or territory of residence	4,420	2,270	2,150	1,760	920	840
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	555	295	265	695	340	355
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	195	115	80	195	100	95
Philippines	30	10	20	20	0	15
India	50	30	25	15	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	100	60	45	155	80	70
China^{Census data footnote 162}	15	10	10	10	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other	160	70	85	305	150	155
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	50,000	24,245	25,750	7,310	3,615	3,690
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	24,500	11,520	12,980	2,720	1,440	1,285
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	25,495	12,725	12,770	4,590	2,180	2,410
Location of study inside Canada	25,115	12,540	12,575	4,115	1,970	2,145
Same as province or territory of residence	21,610	10,915	10,690	2,770	1,270	1,505
Different than province or territory of residence	3,505	1,625	1,885	1,345	700	645
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	380	180	200	475	215	260
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	100	50	45	160	75	80
Philippines	15	10	15	20	0	20
India	45	25	20	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	65	35	30	75	40	35
China^{Census data footnote 162}	15	10	10	0	0	10
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other	135	55	85	210	95	120
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	79,275	38,750	40,520	10,705	5,335	5,370
In the labour force	41,070	21,880	19,195	7,235	3,840	3,395
Employed	31,565	15,810	15,755	6,690	3,525	3,165
Unemployed	9,510	6,070	3,440	545	310	230
Not in the labour force	38,200	16,870	21,330	3,465	1,495	1,970
Participation rate	51.8	56.5	47.4	67.6	72.0	63.2
Employment rate	39.8	40.8	38.9	62.5	66.1	58.9
Unemployment rate	23.2	27.7	17.9	7.5	8.1	6.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	79,270	38,750	40,520	10,700	5,330	5,370
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	33,560	14,465	19,095	2,915	1,240	1,675
Worked	45,710	24,285	21,420	7,785	4,095	3,695
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	16,160	8,075	8,080	3,595	2,100	1,500
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	29,550	16,210	13,345	4,190	1,995	2,195
Average weeks worked in reference year	34.7	33.7	35.9	40.8	41.5	39.9
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	41,075	21,880	19,190	7,240	3,835	3,400
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	885	455	425	80	45	40
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	40,190	21,425	18,770	7,155	3,795	3,360
Employee	37,770	19,915	17,860	5,900	3,020	2,880
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	2,420	1,510	910	1,260	775	485
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	41,070	21,880	19,195	7,240	3,840	3,400
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	885	455	425	80	45	35
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	40,190	21,425	18,770	7,155	3,795	3,365
0 Management occupations	2,835	1,550	1,285	945	625	320
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	3,775	945	2,825	1,005	260	740
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,800	1,500	300	360	280	75
3 Health occupations	2,900	480	2,425	480	60	415
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	5,385	1,170	4,215	590	180	415
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	460	180	275	180	65	110
6 Sales and service occupations	8,465	2,960	5,500	1,585	570	1,015
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	9,125	8,680	445	1,450	1,340	105
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	3,165	2,645	520	295	215	85
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,280	1,320	965	270	200	75
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	41,070	21,880	19,195	7,235	3,835	3,395
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	880	455	430	80	45	35
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	40,190	21,425	18,765	7,155	3,795	3,360
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	2,480	1,940	540	275	170	110
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	1,600	1,515	85	190	170	20
22 Utilities	405	375	30	85	60	20
23 Construction	4,835	4,460	375	805	675	130
31-33 Manufacturing	3,270	2,045	1,225	590	405	185
41 Wholesale trade	645	445	195	275	200	70
44-45 Retail trade	5,535	2,280	3,255	765	380	380
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,230	1,715	515	450	350	100
51 Information and cultural industries	310	145	160	85	60	20
52 Finance and insurance	630	160	470	195	60	135
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	255	170	90	165	65	95
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	770	450	325	465	205	260
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,045	650	400	370	205	165
61 Educational services	2,330	745	1,585	420	115	300
62 Health care and social assistance	6,540	985	5,555	695	115	580
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	465	255	205	160	65	95
72 Accommodation and food services	2,500	760	1,740	635	200	430
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,760	805	955	325	155	175
91 Public administration	2,590	1,520	1,070	225	135	90
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	31,565	15,810	15,750	6,695	3,525	3,165
Worked at home	1,515	680	835	835	415	420
Worked outside Canada	40	40	0	10	15	0
No fixed workplace address	4,430	3,535	900	1,225	935	290
Worked at usual place	25,580	11,555	14,025	4,620	2,160	2,455
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	25,580	11,555	14,020	4,620	2,160	2,460
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	16,100	6,400	9,700	1,050	380	665
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	5,250	2,295	2,955	2,785	1,360	1,425
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	3,355	2,085	1,265	665	320	345
Commute to a different province or territory	880	780	105	125	100	25
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	30,010	15,085	14,920	5,845	3,100	2,745
Car, truck, van - as a driver	24,385	11,760	12,630	5,075	2,735	2,340
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	2,090	1,020	1,065	265	90	175
Public transit	530	485	40	115	50	60
Walked	1,585	625	960	145	55	95
Bicycle	35	35	0	25	20	0
Other method	1,380	1,155	230	220	145	80
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	30,010	15,090	14,920	5,845	3,095	2,745
Less than 15 minutes	18,250	7,680	10,570	1,540	755	790
15 to 29 minutes	5,495	3,175	2,315	2,395	1,295	1,095
30 to 44 minutes	2,715	1,685	1,035	1,390	715	670
45 to 59 minutes	1,270	785	490	290	160	125
60 minutes and over	2,275	1,760	510	230	170	60
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	30,010	15,090	14,920	5,840	3,095	2,745
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,890	1,620	270	400	295	100
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	4,080	3,050	1,025	1,240	830	405
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	8,535	4,540	3,990	1,725	875	850
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	7,715	2,695	5,020	1,095	445	650
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	3,360	845	2,520	620	205	415
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	4,430	2,335	2,095	765	445	325
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	46,860	24,855	22,005	7,995	4,180	3,810
Single responses	46,780	24,835	21,945	7,975	4,185	3,795
Official languages	46,760	24,820	21,940	7,965	4,180	3,785
English	46,705	24,805	21,900	7,960	4,175	3,785
French	55	20	35	10	10	0
Non-official languages	20	15	10	0	0	10
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	20	10	10	10	0	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages	20	10	10	10	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	80	20	60	20	0	20
English and French	65	10	50	20	0	15
English and non-official language	15	0	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	46,860	24,855	22,005	7,995	4,185	3,815
None	46,525	24,705	21,820	7,875	4,120	3,755
English	45	10	35	10	10	0
French	215	95	120	55	30	30
Non-official language	75	45	25	45	20	30
Aboriginal	0	0	0	10	0	10
Non-Aboriginal	75	50	30	45	25	20
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	10	0	0	10	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	90,575	44,600	45,975	12,595	6,280	6,315
Non-movers	83,030	41,125	41,905	10,660	5,335	5,325
Movers	7,540	3,475	4,065	1,935	950	990
Non-migrants	3,500	1,550	1,950	650	350	300
Migrants	4,040	1,930	2,115	1,285	600	685
Internal migrants	3,995	1,910	2,085	1,245	585	660
Intraprovincial migrants	2,575	1,195	1,385	870	400	475
Interprovincial migrants	1,420	715	700	375	185	185
External migrants	45	20	30	40	15	25
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	88,000	43,260	44,740	12,120	6,040	6,080
Non-movers	66,040	32,675	33,365	6,795	3,380	3,415
Movers	21,960	10,585	11,380	5,325	2,660	2,665
Non-migrants	10,020	4,755	5,260	1,870	925	940
Migrants	11,945	5,825	6,120	3,455	1,735	1,720
Internal migrants	11,715	5,710	6,005	3,275	1,660	1,615
Intraprovincial migrants	7,290	3,515	3,780	2,250	1,125	1,125
Interprovincial migrants	4,425	2,195	2,230	1,035	540	490
External migrants	225	120	110	180	75	105

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Central Regional Health Authority [Health region, December 2017], Newfoundland and Labrador and Lake Country, DM [Census subdivision], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 1, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Central Regional Health Authority [Health region, December 2017], Newfoundland and Labrador and Lake Country, District municipality [Census subdivision], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Central Regional Health Authority [Health region, December 2017], Newfoundland and Labrador and Lake Country, District municipality [Census subdivision], British Columbia

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Central Regional Health Authority [Health region, December 2017], Newfoundland and Labrador and Lake Country, District municipality [Census subdivision], British Columbia