Census Profile, 2016 Census
Windsor [Population centre], Nova Scotia and Zone 1 - Western [Health region, December 2017], Nova Scotia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Windsor Nova Scotia [Population centre]			Zone 1 - Western Nova Scotia [Health region, December 2017]
	Data quality , Windsor [Population centre], Nova Scotia Map : Windsor [Population centre], Nova Scotia Change geography 1			Data quality : Zone 1 - Western [Health region, December 2017], Nova Scotia Map : Zone 1 - Western [Health region, December 2017], Nova Scotia Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	5,248	...	...	194,376	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	5,013 ^r	...	...	197,425	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	4.7	...	...	-1.5	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	2,367	...	...	103,868	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	2,214	...	...	86,750	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	500.0	...	...	11.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	10.50	...	...	17,733.65	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	5,250	2,440	2,805	194,375	94,430	99,945
0 to 14 years	815	440	370	25,855	13,235	12,620
0 to 4 years	255	145	110	7,900	4,035	3,865
5 to 9 years	275	165	110	8,835	4,535	4,300
10 to 14 years	280	135	145	9,115	4,665	4,455
15 to 64 years	3,130	1,480	1,650	121,420	59,475	61,940
15 to 19 years	350	185	165	10,525	5,465	5,060
20 to 24 years	215	100	115	9,130	4,620	4,510
25 to 29 years	220	120	100	8,560	4,245	4,315
30 to 34 years	250	110	140	8,910	4,300	4,605
35 to 39 years	270	120	145	9,565	4,515	5,050
40 to 44 years	335	140	190	11,230	5,425	5,800
45 to 49 years	315	150	165	12,965	6,320	6,645
50 to 54 years	420	205	215	16,600	8,110	8,485
55 to 59 years	355	150	205	17,640	8,580	9,055
60 to 64 years	400	190	205	16,300	7,890	8,415
65 years and over	1,300	520	785	47,105	21,720	25,385
65 to 69 years	370	160	210	15,865	7,760	8,105
70 to 74 years	290	140	155	11,545	5,590	5,955
75 to 79 years	225	90	135	8,230	3,875	4,350
80 to 84 years	180	70	115	5,710	2,540	3,165
85 years and over	230	70	165	5,760	1,955	3,810
85 to 89 years	130	40	90	3,475	1,310	2,160
90 to 94 years	70	20	45	1,685	510	1,170
95 to 99 years	25	10	15	510	120	390
100 years and over	10	0	10	100	10	80
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.5	18.0	13.2	13.3	14.0	12.6
15 to 64 years	59.6	60.7	58.8	62.5	63.0	62.0
65 years and over	24.8	21.3	28.0	24.2	23.0	25.4
85 years and over	4.4	2.9	5.9	3.0	2.1	3.8
Average age of the population	45.4	42.7	47.7	46.3	45.4	47.2
Median age of the population	47.7	45.0	50.1	50.2	49.3	50.9
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	2,215	...	...	86,750	...	...
Single-detached house	1,310	...	...	69,895	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	5	...	...	100	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	795	...	...	13,730	...	...
Semi-detached house	115	...	...	3,155	...	...
Row house	45	...	...	1,365	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	40	...	...	1,570	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	575	...	...	7,475	...	...
Other single-attached house	15	...	...	165	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	105	...	...	3,025	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	2,215	...	...	86,750	...	...
1 person	765	...	...	25,110	...	...
2 persons	780	...	...	37,125	...	...
3 persons	320	...	...	12,075	...	...
4 persons	250	...	...	8,610	...	...
5 or more persons	100	...	...	3,830	...	...
Number of persons in private households	4,815	...	...	190,775	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	4,435	2,000	2,435	168,525	81,195	87,330
Married or living common law	2,380	1,185	1,190	103,725	51,830	51,890
Married	1,920	960	965	84,375	42,175	42,200
Living common law	455	225	230	19,350	9,655	9,695
Not married and not living common law	2,055	810	1,240	64,800	29,365	35,435
Never married	1,065	550	520	35,985	19,760	16,230
Separated	170	55	115	5,025	2,265	2,760
Divorced	340	105	235	10,860	4,715	6,145
Widowed	480	105	375	12,925	2,630	10,300
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	1,430	...	...	60,065	...	...
2 persons	820	...	...	37,825	...	...
3 persons	305	...	...	11,490	...	...
4 persons	230	...	...	7,820	...	...
5 or more persons	75	...	...	2,930	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	1,430	...	...	60,070	...	...
Total couple families	1,150	...	...	51,180	...	...
Married couples	920	...	...	41,505	...	...
Common-law couples	230	...	...	9,670	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	280	...	...	8,890	...	...
Female parent	240	...	...	6,970	...	...
Male parent	35	...	...	1,915	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	1,155	...	...	51,180	...	...
Couples without children	650	...	...	32,115	...	...
Couples with children	505	...	...	19,065	...	...
1 child	225	...	...	9,115	...	...
2 children	205	...	...	7,200	...	...
3 or more children	75	...	...	2,745	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	280	...	...	8,885	...	...
1 child	170	...	...	5,715	...	...
2 children	80	...	...	2,370	...	...
3 or more children	30	...	...	800	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	935	380	560	33,755	15,440	18,315
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	2,210	...	...	86,750	...	...
One-census-family households	1,380	...	...	58,215	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	630	...	...	31,365	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	750	...	...	26,850	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	25	...	...	920	...	...
Non-census-family households	805	...	...	27,620	...	...
One-person households	760	...	...	25,105	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	45	...	...	2,510	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	4,935	2,330	2,605	191,605	93,425	98,175
English only	4,625	2,190	2,435	166,900	82,130	84,770
French only	0	0	0	245	110	130
English and French	310	140	170	24,275	11,095	13,185
Neither English nor French	0	5	0	190	100	90
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	4,940	2,330	2,610	191,600	93,425	98,180
English	4,880	2,300	2,580	179,330	87,420	91,910
French	55	30	20	11,840	5,795	6,045
English and French	0	0	0	275	130	140
Neither English nor French	5	5	0	165	85	80
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	55	30	20	11,975	5,855	6,115
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.1	1.3	0.8	6.3	6.3	6.2
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	4,935	2,330	2,610	191,605	93,425	98,175
Single responses	4,920	2,320	2,600	190,320	92,815	97,505
Official languages	4,835	2,280	2,555	186,570	91,020	95,550
English	4,770	2,240	2,530	174,490	85,135	89,355
French	65	40	30	12,080	5,890	6,195
Non-official languages	85	40	50	3,750	1,795	1,950
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	70	30	40
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	30	15	20
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	30	10	15
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	30	10	15
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	5
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	30	15	20
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	25	10	15
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	85	40	45	3,685	1,765	1,915
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	270	155	115
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	5
Semitic languages	5	0	5	260	145	115
Amharic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Arabic	5	5	0	245	140	110
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	5	5
Maltese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	40	15	20
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	40	20	20
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	5	5	160	45	115
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	15	5	15
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	5	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	5	5	130	40	90
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	0	20	15	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	15	15	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	60	35	25
Kannada	0	0	0	5	5	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	35	20	15
Tamil	0	0	0	10	10	5
Telugu	0	0	0	5	5	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	35	15	20	2,420	1,195	1,230
Albanian	0	0	0	15	5	15
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	5	0	300	135	165
Baltic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Latvian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Slavic languages	5	5	0	285	120	160
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Croatian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Czech	0	0	0	35	15	20
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Polish	0	0	0	85	30	50
Russian	0	0	0	65	25	40
Serbian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	5	5	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	45	25	25
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	15	5	5
Welsh	0	0	0	5	0	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	5	5	1,600	785	815
Afrikaans	0	0	0	20	10	15
Danish	0	0	0	35	20	10
Dutch	0	0	0	460	225	235
Frisian	0	0	0	15	5	10
German	5	0	0	1,010	495	515
Icelandic	0	0	0	10	0	5
Norwegian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Swedish	0	0	0	25	10	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	5	0	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Greek	0	0	0	20	15	5
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	145	85	60
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	110	65	45
Bengali	0	0	0	15	5	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	5	5	5
Hindi	0	0	0	25	15	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	35	15	15
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Urdu	0	0	0	15	15	5
Iranian languages	0	0	0	35	20	15
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	5	0	5
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	25	15	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	10	10	320	160	160
Catalan	0	0	0	5	5	0
Italian	0	5	0	55	30	20
Portuguese	5	0	5	60	20	35
Romanian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Spanish	15	5	5	190	90	100
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	60	20	45
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	5	10	75	35	35
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	5	5	5
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Shona	0	0	0	5	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Dinka	0	0	0	10	0	10
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	25	10	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	10	10	355	175	185
Chinese languages	15	10	5	345	170	175
Cantonese	0	0	0	85	40	50
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	5	5	190	90	90
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	5	65	30	35
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	10	5	0
Burmese	0	0	0	5	5	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	5
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
Lao	0	0	0	5	0	0
Thai	5	0	0	30	10	20
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	30	15	15
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	95	35	60
Estonian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Finnish	0	0	0	30	10	25
Hungarian	0	0	0	50	20	30
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Multiple responses	15	10	5	1,280	610	675
English and French	10	5	0	875	415	460
English and non-official language	10	5	5	360	170	195
French and non-official language	0	0	0	20	15	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	25	10	15
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	4,940	2,330	2,610	191,605	93,425	98,175
Single responses	4,915	2,320	2,595	190,280	92,790	97,490
Official languages	4,875	2,295	2,580	188,965	92,135	96,835
English	4,860	2,290	2,565	181,220	88,430	92,790
French	10	0	10	7,745	3,705	4,045
Non-official languages	50	30	20	1,315	650	655
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	5
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	5	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	45	25	20	1,305	650	655
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	5	5	170	90	80
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	5
Semitic languages	5	5	0	155	85	75
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	5	0	5	150	85	70
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	35	15	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	35	15	20
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	5	0	45	15	20
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	5	0	45	20	25
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	5	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	5	5	5
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	15	10	5	690	345	345
Albanian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	55	25	35
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	50	25	30
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	5	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	20	5	15
Russian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	450	215	235
Afrikaans	0	0	0	5	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dutch	0	0	0	35	20	20
Frisian	0	0	0	5	0	5
German	5	5	0	390	185	205
Icelandic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Swedish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Greek	0	0	0	5	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	70	40	25
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	45	25	20
Bengali	0	0	0	10	0	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Urdu	0	0	0	10	5	5
Iranian languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	5	5	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	5	5	120	65	50
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Portuguese	5	0	0	20	10	10
Romanian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Spanish	10	5	5	85	50	35
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	20	5	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	5	5	30	15	15
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	5	0	5
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Dinka	0	0	0	10	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	0	55	30	30
American Sign Language	5	0	0	25	10	15
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	5	0	30	25	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	10	5	195	105	85
Chinese languages	10	5	5	195	110	90
Cantonese	0	0	0	45	20	25
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	0	5	120	65	50
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	0	30	15	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	15	5	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	10	5	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	20	5	15	1,325	640	685
English and French	5	5	0	555	260	295
English and non-official language	15	10	10	725	355	370
French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	45	20	20
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	4,940	2,330	2,610	191,600	93,425	98,175
None	4,835	2,280	2,560	181,780	88,815	92,965
English	15	5	10	4,045	1,940	2,105
French	45	30	15	4,180	1,940	2,240
Non-official language	35	15	20	1,495	670	820
Aboriginal	0	0	0	65	30	40
Non-Aboriginal	35	15	20	1,430	645	790
English and French	0	0	0	15	5	5
English and non-official language	0	0	0	10	15	0
French and non-official language	5	5	0	80	45	35
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	4,020	1,835	2,185	164,955	79,865	85,090
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,835	1,740	2,095	158,810	77,115	81,690
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,172	37,709	24,160	28,105	35,241	23,086
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,840	1,745	2,095	158,900	77,125	81,775
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,256	33,205	22,693	25,717	31,311	21,708
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,215	1,535	1,680	135,415	68,090	67,325
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,599	35,669	22,272	25,715	32,451	20,206
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,985	1,215	1,775	123,915	56,570	67,345
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,576	8,672	8,416	8,619	9,723	7,948
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,485	1,230	1,250	105,220	54,460	50,765
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,992	35,740	24,333	25,704	31,425	21,335
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	4,160	1,950	2,210	164,955	79,880	85,075
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,935	1,820	2,120	158,725	77,125	81,600
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,675	44,386	31,908	36,861	44,559	29,585
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,935	1,820	2,120	158,830	77,130	81,700
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,673	36,552	27,481	31,017	36,703	25,649
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,300	1,575	1,725	135,460	68,240	67,225
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,918	44,177	30,289	34,777	42,222	27,220
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,005	1,250	1,755	124,085	56,600	67,485
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,798	8,896	8,728	9,186	9,816	8,657
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,540	1,265	1,270	105,220	54,525	50,690
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,721	42,675	30,781	34,161	40,574	27,263
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	4,160	1,950	2,210	164,955	79,880	85,075
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	1,245	690	545	45,265	24,815	20,450
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	45,111	52,850	41,601	41,913	46,988	37,401
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	51,923	57,603	44,744	49,262	54,859	42,471
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	80.9	85.7	75.1	80.4	83.7	75.8
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	62.8	66.8	57.9	61.5	64.4	57.4
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	19.0	14.2	24.8	19.6	16.3	24.2
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	4,020	1,835	2,185	164,955	79,865	85,090
Without total income	185	90	90	6,145	2,745	3,395
With total income	3,835	1,745	2,095	158,810	77,120	81,695
Percentage with total income	95.4	95.1	95.9	96.3	96.6	96.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	555	215	335	22,715	8,715	14,000
$10,000 to $19,999	770	250	530	33,510	12,425	21,085
$20,000 to $29,999	580	220	360	27,635	11,790	15,845
$30,000 to $39,999	520	235	285	21,745	10,620	11,125
$40,000 to $49,999	405	195	210	16,285	8,960	7,325
$50,000 to $59,999	290	170	115	11,050	6,890	4,165
$60,000 to $69,999	210	130	75	7,835	5,340	2,490
$70,000 to $79,999	160	85	75	5,775	3,830	1,945
$80,000 to $89,999	155	95	65	4,045	2,435	1,610
$90,000 to $99,999	65	40	25	2,350	1,575	780
$100,000 and over	130	105	25	5,865	4,540	1,330
$100,000 to $149,999	100	80	20	4,220	3,245	980
$150,000 and over	30	20	5	1,640	1,290	345
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	4,020	1,835	2,185	164,955	79,865	85,090
Without after-tax income	185	90	90	6,055	2,740	3,310
With after-tax income	3,835	1,745	2,095	158,900	77,120	81,780
Percentage with after-tax income	95.4	95.1	95.9	96.3	96.6	96.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	570	220	350	23,810	8,935	14,875
$10,000 to $19,999	805	260	545	35,565	13,300	22,265
$20,000 to $29,999	725	295	430	32,630	14,495	18,130
$30,000 to $39,999	625	285	340	25,430	13,235	12,190
$40,000 to $49,999	425	255	175	16,385	10,020	6,370
$50,000 to $59,999	280	170	110	10,325	6,935	3,395
$60,000 to $69,999	205	115	90	6,460	4,060	2,405
$70,000 to $79,999	100	65	35	3,205	2,220	985
$80,000 and over	105	85	20	5,085	3,930	1,165
$80,000 to $89,999	40	25	10	1,800	1,370	430
$90,000 to $99,999	25	20	5	1,040	800	235
$100,000 and over	40	40	5	2,245	1,750	495
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	4,025	1,840	2,185	164,955	79,865	85,090
Without employment income	1,540	605	930	59,735	25,410	34,330
With employment income	2,480	1,235	1,250	105,215	54,455	50,765
Percentage with employment income	61.6	67.1	57.2	63.8	68.2	59.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	380	180	200	16,520	7,955	8,565
$5,000 to $9,999	190	80	115	9,985	4,185	5,795
$10,000 to $19,999	380	135	240	17,155	7,350	9,805
$20,000 to $29,999	315	140	175	14,980	6,815	8,165
$30,000 to $39,999	280	140	145	12,695	6,250	6,445
$40,000 to $49,999	235	100	130	9,445	5,310	4,130
$50,000 to $59,999	175	115	60	6,990	4,545	2,445
$60,000 to $69,999	135	85	55	5,160	3,575	1,580
$70,000 to $79,999	130	75	55	4,010	2,550	1,465
$80,000 and over	260	180	75	8,285	5,920	2,360
$80,000 to $89,999	120	75	50	2,945	1,725	1,220
$90,000 to $99,999	40	35	10	1,615	1,145	470
$100,000 and over	95	75	20	3,725	3,050	670
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	2,215	...	...	86,750	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	51,354	...	...	53,900	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	45,995	...	...	48,168	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	765	...	...	25,105	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	22,976	...	...	26,401	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	22,400	...	...	24,639	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	1,450	...	...	61,645	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	71,424	...	...	67,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	61,389	...	...	59,363	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	2,235	...	...	86,750	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	66,421	...	...	67,443	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	55,840	...	...	56,788	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	730	...	...	25,115	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,293	...	...	36,531	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	28,624	...	...	30,824	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	1,505	...	...	61,630	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	82,430	...	...	80,041	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	68,992	...	...	67,370	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	2,215	...	...	86,750	...	...
Under $5,000	40	...	...	1,100	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	50	...	...	1,595	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	110	...	...	2,630	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	170	...	...	5,360	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	140	...	...	5,095	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	95	...	...	4,925	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	125	...	...	5,770	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	125	...	...	4,895	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	115	...	...	4,635	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	110	...	...	4,300	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	170	...	...	7,800	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	165	...	...	6,950	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	135	...	...	6,090	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	115	...	...	5,170	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	100	...	...	4,130	...	...
$100,000 and over	445	...	...	16,315	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	190	...	...	7,100	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	105	...	...	4,000	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	105	...	...	3,330	...	...
$200,000 and over	45	...	...	1,880	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	2,215	...	...	86,750	...	...
Under $5,000	35	...	...	1,190	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	50	...	...	1,620	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	115	...	...	2,675	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	175	...	...	5,670	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	160	...	...	5,725	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	120	...	...	5,705	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	155	...	...	6,545	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	150	...	...	5,700	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	120	...	...	5,390	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	125	...	...	4,995	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	205	...	...	9,500	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	185	...	...	7,920	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	140	...	...	6,270	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	125	...	...	4,740	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	85	...	...	3,560	...	...
$100,000 and over	265	...	...	9,550	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	145	...	...	5,185	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	75	...	...	2,320	...	...
$150,000 and over	50	...	...	2,045	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	1,420	...	...	59,705	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	72,021	...	...	67,361	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	61,440	...	...	59,260	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	610	...	...	30,735	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,224	...	...	62,210	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	59,520	...	...	55,165	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	510	...	...	19,365	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	95,744	...	...	91,634	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	80,512	...	...	78,235	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.8	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	265	...	...	8,315	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	40,064	...	...	40,550	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	38,080	...	...	38,403	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	1,470	...	...	59,730	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	82,576	...	...	79,996	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	69,093	...	...	67,263	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	665	...	...	30,760	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	83,931	...	...	74,209	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	69,139	...	...	62,414	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	505	...	...	19,360	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,012	...	...	102,988	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	81,397	...	...	85,268	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	275	...	...	8,345	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,220	...	...	47,807	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,747	...	...	42,766	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	865	350	515	30,875	14,315	16,565
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	22,720	25,472	21,824	25,461	28,871	23,672
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	22,160	23,744	21,312	23,981	26,014	22,825
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	815	370	440	30,755	14,300	16,450
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	32,732	30,302	34,780	34,863	38,365	31,819
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	28,112	25,879	29,994	29,539	31,511	27,824
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	4,815	2,265	2,550	190,775	93,080	97,690
In the bottom half of the distribution	3,060	1,385	1,675	123,785	58,830	64,950
In the bottom decile	680	300	380	22,040	10,190	11,850
In the second decile	755	315	440	30,795	13,900	16,895
In the third decile	550	250	300	25,100	12,085	13,020
In the fourth decile	575	275	295	23,725	11,615	12,110
In the fifth decile	505	245	260	22,125	11,045	11,075
In the top half of the distribution	1,750	880	875	66,990	34,250	32,740
In the sixth decile	495	245	245	19,700	9,960	9,735
In the seventh decile	430	210	215	16,870	8,640	8,235
In the eighth decile	345	165	170	13,260	6,795	6,460
In the ninth decile	315	165	150	10,140	5,210	4,930
In the top decile	170	85	85	7,025	3,645	3,385
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	4,815	2,265	2,550	190,080	92,730	97,350
0 to 17 years	970	530	440	31,965	16,410	15,555
0 to 5 years	295	165	130	9,515	4,855	4,660
18 to 64 years	2,800	1,300	1,500	113,645	55,375	58,270
65 years and over	1,050	440	610	44,470	20,940	23,530
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,110	460	650	38,365	17,325	21,040
0 to 17 years	275	145	125	8,185	4,185	3,995
0 to 5 years	100	55	45	2,835	1,460	1,375
18 to 64 years	595	245	345	20,075	9,080	10,990
65 years and over	245	65	175	10,110	4,055	6,050
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	23.1	20.3	25.5	20.2	18.7	21.6
0 to 17 years (%)	28.4	27.4	28.4	25.6	25.5	25.7
0 to 5 years (%)	33.9	33.3	34.6	29.8	30.1	29.5
18 to 64 years (%)	21.3	18.8	23.0	17.7	16.4	18.9
65 years and over (%)	23.3	14.8	28.7	22.7	19.4	25.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	465	210	260	11,870	5,665	6,200
0 to 17 years	115	55	65	2,590	1,330	1,260
0 to 5 years	45	15	25	900	470	430
18 to 64 years	335	150	185	8,570	4,035	4,535
65 years and over	15	5	15	710	305	400
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	9.7	9.3	10.2	6.2	6.1	6.4
0 to 17 years (%)	11.9	10.4	14.8	8.1	8.1	8.1
0 to 5 years (%)	15.3	9.1	19.2	9.5	9.7	9.2
18 to 64 years (%)	12.0	11.5	12.3	7.5	7.3	7.8
65 years and over (%)	1.4	1.1	2.5	1.6	1.5	1.7
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	4,860	2,320	2,535	190,780	93,115	97,655
Official languages	4,860	2,320	2,535	190,630	93,025	97,605
English	4,860	2,325	2,535	190,365	92,895	97,470
French	310	155	155	24,535	11,075	13,455
Non-official languages	90	60	35	6,045	2,795	3,250
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	95	55	35
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	75	50	30
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	80	50	30
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	80	50	30
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	10	10	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	10	0	10
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	90	60	30	5,955	2,735	3,215
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	10	0	355	180	170
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	0
Semitic languages	0	10	0	340	170	170
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	0	0	300	150	150
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	40	25	20
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	10
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	80	30	45
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	75	30	45
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	10	235	60	170
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	10	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	30	10	25
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	10	195	55	135
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Creole languages	0	0	0	60	45	20
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	10	10	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	0	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	35	10
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	55	35	15
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	55	35	15
Tamil	0	0	0	15	10	10
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	50	40	15	4,165	1,945	2,220
Albanian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	400	190	215
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	400	185	215
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Bulgarian	0	0	0	30	20	20
Croatian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Czech	0	0	0	25	0	20
Macedonian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Polish	0	0	0	110	45	60
Russian	0	0	0	125	65	65
Serbian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	15	10	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	65	25	45
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	55	35	20
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	30	10	15
Welsh	0	0	0	15	10	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Germanic languages	25	15	10	2,190	1,045	1,145
Afrikaans	0	0	0	35	15	15
Danish	0	0	0	60	30	30
Dutch	15	10	10	535	220	315
Frisian	0	0	0	20	0	15
German	10	10	10	1,500	760	740
Icelandic	0	0	0	30	15	15
Norwegian	0	0	0	20	0	10
Swedish	0	0	0	40	20	20
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	10	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	10	25
Greek	0	0	0	45	20	25
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	235	130	110
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	180	90	85
Bengali	0	0	0	10	10	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	25	10	20
Hindi	0	0	0	70	40	35
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	10	10	10
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	65	40	30
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Urdu	0	0	0	45	35	15
Iranian languages	0	0	0	65	40	25
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	25	15	10
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	40	30	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	20	0	1,365	595	775
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	15	15	0	205	85	120
Portuguese	0	0	0	105	50	55
Romanian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Spanish	10	15	0	1,090	445	640
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	15	10
Japanese	0	0	0	90	35	55
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	0	135	75	60
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	45	15	30
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	10	0	10
Swahili	0	0	0	20	0	10
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	10	0	310	105	205
American Sign Language	0	0	0	115	35	80
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	15	15	0	200	65	135
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	0	400	195	200
Chinese languages	10	0	0	395	195	195
Cantonese	0	10	0	110	45	65
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	265	145	125
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	25	10	15
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	40	25	20
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Lao	0	0	0	10	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	30	15	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	40	25	15
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	40	20	20
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	100	40	65
Estonian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Finnish	0	0	0	35	0	25
Hungarian	0	0	0	65	25	40
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	4,860	2,325	2,540	190,775	93,115	97,660
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	4,815	2,295	2,520	187,160	91,415	95,750
Canadian citizens aged under 18	920	505	415	31,815	16,400	15,415
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	3,895	1,790	2,105	155,345	75,010	80,335
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	45	25	15	3,615	1,705	1,905
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	4,860	2,325	2,535	190,780	93,115	97,660
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	4,725	2,240	2,485	181,315	88,645	92,675
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	135	80	50	8,840	4,105	4,735
Before 1981	85	50	35	4,340	2,060	2,280
1981 to 1990	10	0	10	890	375	510
1991 to 2000	20	10	0	875	375	500
2001 to 2010	15	15	0	1,750	800	950
2001 to 2005	15	10	0	680	285	395
2006 to 2010	0	10	0	1,075	515	555
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	0	10	0	985	490	495
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	0	620	370	250
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	130	85	50	8,840	4,105	4,735
Under 5 years	25	20	10	1,160	530	630
5 to 14 years	30	15	10	1,610	735	880
15 to 24 years	15	10	10	1,635	670	970
25 to 44 years	60	35	25	3,255	1,530	1,725
45 years and over	0	0	0	1,170	635	535
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	135	85	50	8,835	4,105	4,735
Americas	30	20	15	2,540	1,055	1,485
Brazil	0	0	0	25	0	25
Colombia	0	0	0	55	20	35
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	10	10	0
Haiti	0	0	0	10	0	10
Jamaica	0	0	0	55	30	20
Mexico	0	0	0	55	25	35
Peru	0	0	0	20	10	20
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	35	20	15
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	25	10	10	2,110	880	1,230
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	0	175	70	105
Europe	95	70	30	4,930	2,445	2,485
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	10	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	15	10	0
France	10	0	10	140	75	65
Germany	0	0	0	790	380	410
Greece	0	0	0	25	15	0
Hungary	0	0	0	15	10	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	10	0	90	65	30
Italy	10	10	0	60	30	35
Netherlands	10	10	0	455	205	255
Poland	0	0	0	75	35	40
Portugal	0	0	0	15	10	0
Romania	0	0	0	20	10	15
Russian Federation	0	0	0	45	15	30
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	25	10	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	30	15	20
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	50	30	20	2,800	1,395	1,405
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	315	180	140
Africa	0	0	0	175	90	85
Algeria	0	0	0	10	0	10
Egypt	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	10	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	10	0	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	15	10	10
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	60	25	35
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	70	35	35
Asia	10	0	0	1,040	425	615
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	10	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	215	65	150
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	15	10	10
India	0	0	0	115	70	40
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	30	20	10
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	30	0	30
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	10	70	25	40
Lebanon	0	0	0	80	45	35
Pakistan	0	0	0	25	15	10
Philippines	0	0	0	150	30	120
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	15	10	10
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	60	35	25
Taiwan	0	0	0	25	10	15
Viet Nam	0	0	0	55	15	45
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	155	80	75
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	150	85	65
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	0	10	0	980	490	495
Americas	0	0	0	150	85	65
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	10
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	15	15	10
Mexico	0	0	0	15	10	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	100	65	40
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	10	0	0
Europe	0	10	0	430	225	205
France	0	10	0	15	10	10
Germany	0	0	0	50	30	20
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	25	20	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	10	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	285	150	130
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	45	15	30
Africa	0	0	0	35	30	10
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	10	10	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	20	10	10
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	335	130	210
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	60	25	35
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	30	10	15
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	15	10	10
Japan	0	0	0	15	0	10
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	25	10	20
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	10	10	10
Philippines	0	0	0	65	15	50
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	15	0	10
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	60	35	25
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	20	10	15
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	20	10	15
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	10	10	10
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	30	30	0
Australia	0	0	0	15	15	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	15	10	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	4,860	2,320	2,540	190,775	93,120	97,660
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	150	90	65	10,250	4,920	5,330
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	210	110	95	12,310	6,110	6,205
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	4,505	2,125	2,380	168,220	82,090	86,130
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	45	30	15	4,580	2,090	2,485
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	0	0	0	2,520	1,250	1,275
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	0	0	0	1,130	715	420
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	0	0	0	1,390	535	855
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	35	30	10	1,835	725	1,105
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	10	0	0	205	105	105
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	15	10	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	4,860	2,325	2,535	190,775	93,120	97,660
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	165	70	95	14,185	7,185	7,000
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	165	70	95	13,770	7,005	6,765
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	105	55	50	4,290	2,195	2,095
Métis	60	10	45	9,350	4,735	4,615
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	135	75	65
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	255	125	135
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	150	55	95
Non-Aboriginal identity	4,695	2,255	2,445	176,590	85,930	90,660
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	4,860	2,325	2,535	190,775	93,120	97,655
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	45	25	25	2,770	1,420	1,345
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	4,815	2,300	2,515	188,005	91,695	96,315
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	4,860	2,325	2,535	190,775	93,115	97,655
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	20	10	0	2,815	1,430	1,385
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	20	10	0	2,685	1,370	1,320
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	15	10	0	1,485	755	730
Métis single ancestry	0	0	10	1,150	590	560
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	60	25	30
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	120	60	60
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	100	55	50
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	15	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	10
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	310	140	170	17,165	8,440	8,725
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	300	125	170	16,450	8,120	8,320
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	250	115	130	7,775	3,780	3,995
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	50	10	40	8,510	4,265	4,245
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	160	75	80
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	10	10	0	720	315	400
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	15	0	625	275	350
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	25	0	20
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	50	30	15
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	20	10	15
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	4,525	2,170	2,355	170,800	83,250	87,550
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	4,855	2,325	2,540	190,775	93,115	97,655
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	140	75	65	4,685	2,265	2,420
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	375	200	175
Chinese	10	0	0	610	280	330
Black	110	60	50	2,275	1,110	1,165
Filipino	20	10	10	240	75	165
Latin American	0	0	0	235	100	135
Arab	0	0	0	270	155	115
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	195	95	100
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	50	30	20
Korean	10	10	0	115	75	45
Japanese	0	0	0	90	40	55
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	70	30	35
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	160	75	85
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	4,720	2,245	2,475	186,090	90,855	95,240
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	4,860	2,325	2,535	190,775	93,120	97,660
North American Aboriginal origins	335	150	180	19,975	9,870	10,105
First Nations (North American Indian)	275	140	135	10,030	4,870	5,165
Inuit	0	0	0	330	155	180
Métis	65	20	45	10,475	5,230	5,250
Other North American origins	2,445	1,125	1,315	100,350	48,875	51,475
Acadian	75	45	30	7,285	3,505	3,790
American	40	25	15	1,785	905	880
Canadian	2,325	1,055	1,270	94,050	45,825	48,225
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	10	10	0
Newfoundlander	0	10	0	210	120	90
Nova Scotian	25	10	15	210	105	105
Ontarian	0	0	0	55	40	10
Québécois	0	0	0	80	50	30
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	10	0	10
European origins	3,105	1,520	1,590	124,285	60,335	63,955
British Isles origins	2,770	1,345	1,430	92,940	44,485	48,450
Channel Islander	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	40	10	35
English	1,580	760	815	55,715	26,410	29,300
Irish	1,085	525	560	31,465	14,525	16,945
Manx	0	0	0	55	20	30
Scottish	1,230	555	675	38,590	18,060	20,530
Welsh	115	95	15	3,245	1,585	1,665
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	130	70	60	3,385	1,670	1,715
French origins	430	195	230	30,590	14,495	16,095
Alsatian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	10
Corsican	0	0	0	10	10	0
French	420	190	230	30,575	14,480	16,095
Western European origins (except French origins)	790	385	400	38,835	18,540	20,290
Austrian	10	0	0	405	155	255
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Belgian	10	0	10	335	170	160
Dutch	155	85	70	9,875	4,480	5,395
Flemish	0	0	0	65	15	45
Frisian	0	0	0	10	10	10
German	670	330	335	31,695	15,230	16,475
Luxembourger	0	0	0	15	10	0
Swiss	0	0	0	745	345	400
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	30	10	15
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	55	20	35	2,615	1,255	1,360
Danish	25	10	15	585	275	310
Finnish	0	10	0	220	110	115
Icelandic	0	0	0	180	80	100
Norwegian	10	10	10	980	490	495
Swedish	0	0	0	560	265	295
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	10	0	0	230	110	120
Eastern European origins	110	40	70	3,815	1,705	2,110
Bulgarian	0	0	0	50	20	25
Byelorussian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Czech	10	0	10	125	55	65
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	60	20	35
Estonian	0	0	0	65	45	20
Hungarian	15	10	0	415	175	235
Latvian	0	0	0	35	20	15
Lithuanian	0	0	0	115	50	70
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	25	10	20	1,455	635	820
Romanian	0	0	0	180	70	105
Russian	40	20	25	670	305	370
Slovak	0	0	0	50	10	40
Ukrainian	50	15	40	1,095	490	605
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	45	20	25
Southern European origins	85	45	40	3,345	1,605	1,745
Albanian	0	0	0	10	0	15
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	65	20	40
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	335	175	160
Italian	55	35	25	1,735	830	905
Kosovar	0	0	0	15	0	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	35	15	25
Maltese	0	0	0	55	40	15
Montenegrin	0	0	0	10	0	0
Portuguese	10	0	0	445	225	220
Serbian	0	0	0	40	15	20
Sicilian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Slovenian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Spanish	20	10	15	580	235	345
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	10	0	0	75	50	25
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Other European origins	35	25	10	1,060	515	540
Basque	0	0	0	25	10	20
Jewish	15	10	10	360	185	170
Roma (Gypsy)	10	0	0	50	40	10
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	20	10	0	625	275	350
Caribbean origins	15	10	10	650	345	305
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Barbadian	10	0	0	80	45	35
Bermudan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	35	0	25
Dominican	0	0	0	10	10	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Jamaican	10	0	0	350	195	155
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	55	20	40
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	10	0	10
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	90	55	30
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Latin, Central and South American origins	0	0	0	465	225	245
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	30	0	25
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Chilean	0	0	0	10	10	0
Colombian	0	0	0	100	40	60
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	20	15	10
Guyanese	0	0	0	40	20	20
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	15	10	10
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	170	100	75
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Salvadorean	0	0	0	10	10	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	15	0	20
African origins	80	40	40	1,840	915	920
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	35	20	15
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	25	20	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	0	0	0	130	70	65
Algerian	0	0	0	20	0	10
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	10	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	55	40	15
Libyan	0	0	0	25	10	15
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	10
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	20	10	15
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	130	65	65
Afrikaner	0	0	0	10	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	75	45	25
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	15	0	10
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Other African origins	80	40	40	1,555	760	790
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	330	160	175
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	80	40	40	1,230	605	630
Asian origins	85	40	45	2,915	1,430	1,485
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	55	30	25	1,030	545	490
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	30	25	10
Armenian	0	10	10	15	10	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	55	30	25
Iraqi	0	0	0	10	10	0
Israeli	0	0	0	15	10	10
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	20	10	15	645	340	310
Palestinian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	25	10	15
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Syrian	20	15	0	165	85	85
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	10	0
Turk	0	0	0	65	25	40
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	10	10	0
South Asian origins	0	0	0	500	265	235
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	0	0	405	210	195
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	40	25	20
Punjabi	0	0	0	25	20	10
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	35	25	10
East and Southeast Asian origins	35	15	20	1,405	640	770
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	0	0	0	725	340	385
Filipino	15	10	10	335	110	220
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	45	20	25
Japanese	0	0	0	105	50	55
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	0	10	105	60	50
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	25	10	15
Thai	0	0	0	35	15	15
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	105	55	50
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	15	0	15
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	20	10	15
Oceania origins	0	0	0	195	120	75
Australian	0	0	0	110	70	35
New Zealander	0	0	0	55	35	20
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	30	20	15
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	10	10	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	20	10	15
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	2,235	...	...	86,750	...	...
Owner	1,305	...	...	66,295	...	...
Renter	930	...	...	20,205	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	250	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	2,235	...	...	86,750	...	...
Condominium	45	...	...	1,140	...	...
Not condominium	2,185	...	...	85,610	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	2,235	...	...	86,750	...	...
No bedrooms	10	...	...	105	...	...
1 bedroom	430	...	...	7,400	...	...
2 bedrooms	385	...	...	23,600	...	...
3 bedrooms	895	...	...	36,065	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	520	...	...	19,580	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	2,235	...	...	86,750	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	605	...	...	14,465	...	...
5 rooms	285	...	...	14,205	...	...
6 rooms	405	...	...	15,820	...	...
7 rooms	280	...	...	13,360	...	...
8 or more rooms	660	...	...	28,905	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.3	...	...	6.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	2,235	...	...	86,750	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,225	...	...	86,540	...	...
More than 1 person per room	10	...	...	210	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	2,235	...	...	86,750	...	...
Suitable	2,190	...	...	84,985	...	...
Not suitable	40	...	...	1,765	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	2,235	...	...	86,750	...	...
1960 or before	835	...	...	30,400	...	...
1961 to 1980	535	...	...	23,630	...	...
1981 to 1990	335	...	...	12,695	...	...
1991 to 2000	175	...	...	9,540	...	...
2001 to 2005	50	...	...	3,550	...	...
2006 to 2010	165	...	...	3,915	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	145	...	...	3,025	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	2,230	...	...	86,750	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	2,040	...	...	77,475	...	...
Major repairs needed	195	...	...	9,275	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	2,235	...	...	86,750	...	...
1 household maintainer	1,420	...	...	54,165	...	...
2 household maintainers	805	...	...	31,690	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	10	...	...	895	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	2,230	...	...	86,750	...	...
15 to 24 years	45	...	...	2,325	...	...
25 to 34 years	255	...	...	8,160	...	...
35 to 44 years	345	...	...	11,325	...	...
45 to 54 years	430	...	...	16,325	...	...
55 to 64 years	470	...	...	19,315	...	...
65 to 74 years	395	...	...	16,570	...	...
75 to 84 years	225	...	...	9,430	...	...
85 years and over	65	...	...	3,300	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	2,225	...	...	85,600	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,550	...	...	69,605	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	670	...	...	15,995	...	...
30% to less than 100%	600	...	...	14,275	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,305	...	...	65,535	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	61.3	...	...	48.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	16.1	...	...	11.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,039	...	...	638	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,064	...	...	793	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	200,055	...	...	160,463	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	214,355	...	...	196,741	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	925	...	...	20,160	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	18.8	...	...	14.2	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	51.1	...	...	40.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	703	...	...	711	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	775	...	...	754	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	4,160	1,950	2,215	164,955	79,880	85,075
No certificate, diploma or degree	970	480	490	41,790	22,575	19,210
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	1,170	550	620	40,120	19,180	20,950
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,025	915	1,105	83,045	38,125	44,920
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	370	270	100	18,045	12,205	5,840
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	240	150	85	10,485	5,945	4,545
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	125	115	15	7,560	6,265	1,295
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	885	300	585	37,950	14,500	23,450
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	75	30	45	3,655	1,320	2,340
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	700	325	375	23,390	10,100	13,295
Bachelor's degree	445	185	260	15,490	6,410	9,075
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	55	35	20	1,470	630	845
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	780	460	320
Master's degree	180	90	90	4,725	2,005	2,720
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	15	10	0	920	590	330
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	2,580	1,220	1,365	100,860	48,615	52,245
No certificate, diploma or degree	320	175	145	17,730	10,715	7,005
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	750	365	380	24,085	11,800	12,290
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,510	680	835	59,050	26,095	32,950
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	290	200	85	11,940	8,055	3,890
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	185	105	80	7,010	3,980	3,035
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	105	95	10	4,930	4,075	850
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	635	225	410	28,380	10,845	17,540
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	40	20	20	2,015	635	1,380
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	550	235	315	16,710	6,560	10,150
Bachelor's degree	370	145	220	11,270	4,390	6,880
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	20	15	10	910	310	605
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	10	0	565	275	295
Master's degree	145	60	85	3,465	1,310	2,145
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	10	0	0	495	275	215
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	4,160	1,945	2,215	164,955	79,880	85,075
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	2,140	1,030	1,110	81,910	41,755	40,160
Education	200	80	120	6,650	1,845	4,805
13. Education	200	75	125	6,650	1,845	4,805
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	30	20	10	1,855	865	985
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	325	245	80
50. Visual and performing arts	20	10	10	1,530	620	905
Humanities	90	45	35	3,330	1,450	1,880
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	240	65	175
23. English language and literature/letters	20	15	10	810	215	595
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	15	0	15	665	230	435
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	10	0	280	170	115
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	15	0	625	420	205
54. History	0	0	0	570	305	270
55. French language and literature/letters	10	0	10	125	35	90
Social and behavioural sciences and law	160	50	110	5,850	1,745	4,110
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	40	10	30
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	10	0	420	160	260
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	50	0	45	1,695	130	1,565
22. Legal professions and studies	20	10	10	745	280	470
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	80	20	65
42. Psychology	45	10	35	1,115	320	795
45. Social sciences	40	20	20	1,755	830	920
Business, management and public administration	440	155	285	18,295	4,105	14,185
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	40	10	30
44. Public administration and social service professions	20	10	15	1,235	250	985
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	420	145	280	17,020	3,850	13,165
Physical and life sciences and technologies	65	30	35	2,205	1,265	940
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	25	10	20	1,095	550	545
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	10	0	405	245	155
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	20	10	10
40. Physical sciences	30	20	10	590	445	145
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10	105	15	90
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	70	40	25	2,335	1,210	1,135
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	45	40	10	1,870	1,035	830
25. Library science	10	0	0	250	40	205
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	10	10	195	115	75
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	25	10	15
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	355	340	10	19,120	18,215	910
04. Architecture and related services	10	10	0	170	90	75
14. Engineering	20	15	10	1,445	1,285	160
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	70	70	0	3,220	2,870	345
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	110	110	0	5,320	5,225	95
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	120	115	0	6,710	6,505	205
48. Precision production	25	25	0	2,260	2,230	30
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	50	30	20	1,945	1,225	725
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	30	25	10	1,210	675	530
03. Natural resources and conservation	20	10	10	740	550	190
Health and related fields	415	40	380	13,775	1,990	11,785
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	10	0	10	680	335	345
51. Health professions and related programs	400	35	365	12,905	1,525	11,380
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	190	130	60
Personal, protective and transportation services	160	85	75	7,675	4,215	3,460
12. Personal and culinary services	100	35	65	4,100	990	3,110
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	45	50	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	165	155	10
43. Security and protective services	10	0	0	905	705	200
49. Transportation and materials moving	45	45	0	2,465	2,315	145
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	2,580	1,215	1,365	100,860	48,615	52,245
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	1,065	535	530	41,815	22,515	19,300
Education	125	35	95	4,200	1,040	3,160
13. Education	125	30	90	4,200	1,035	3,160
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	25	15	10	1,230	555	675
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	10	225	160	70
50. Visual and performing arts	10	10	10	1,010	400	605
Humanities	55	30	25	2,130	890	1,240
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	165	50	110
23. English language and literature/letters	15	15	0	515	120	400
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	0	425	110	315
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	10	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	0	175	110	60
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	10	0	395	260	130
54. History	0	0	0	380	205	175
55. French language and literature/letters	10	10	0	75	30	50
Social and behavioural sciences and law	120	40	75	4,465	1,135	3,335
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	10	35	10	30
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	325	120	205
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	35	10	30	1,365	95	1,275
22. Legal professions and studies	10	10	0	590	165	430
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	60	20	40
42. Psychology	40	0	35	830	200	625
45. Social sciences	25	20	0	1,260	525	730
Business, management and public administration	315	110	210	12,810	2,685	10,125
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	35	10	30
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	10	10	985	160	825
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	310	100	210	11,795	2,520	9,275
Physical and life sciences and technologies	50	20	30	1,465	790	675
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	30	0	20	760	355	405
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	275	155	120
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	10
40. Physical sciences	20	10	10	390	280	115
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	40	0	35
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	60	40	25	1,920	970	945
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	40	30	10	1,640	895	740
25. Library science	10	0	10	145	15	135
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	10	10	105	50	60
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	30	10	15
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	270	265	10	13,645	12,805	840
04. Architecture and related services	0	10	0	115	50	65
14. Engineering	15	0	10	895	755	145
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	60	60	0	2,280	1,965	320
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	85	85	0	3,950	3,860	90
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	85	85	0	4,820	4,630	190
48. Precision production	20	20	0	1,580	1,545	30
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	40	25	20	1,525	885	640
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	35	20	10	935	470	465
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	0	10	590	420	170
Health and related fields	320	30	280	10,090	1,390	8,695
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	10	0	15	505	245	260
51. Health professions and related programs	300	30	270	9,465	1,070	8,390
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	10	0	120	75	50
Personal, protective and transportation services	130	75	60	5,575	2,955	2,620
12. Personal and culinary services	85	35	55	3,080	725	2,355
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	20	15	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	70	65	0
43. Security and protective services	10	10	0	620	465	160
49. Transportation and materials moving	40	35	0	1,780	1,675	100
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	4,160	1,945	2,215	164,955	79,880	85,075
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,140	1,030	1,110	81,915	41,755	40,155
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	2,020	920	1,110	83,045	38,125	44,915
Location of study inside Canada	1,955	875	1,080	78,165	35,590	42,575
Same as province or territory of residence	1,605	690	920	62,070	27,305	34,765
Different than province or territory of residence	355	185	165	16,090	8,290	7,805
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	60	40	20	4,880	2,535	2,345
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	20	10	10	1,910	975	935
Philippines	0	0	0	110	30	80
India	0	0	0	105	60	45
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	25	15	10	1,290	740	550
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	50	25	30
France	0	0	0	65	40	30
Other	20	15	0	1,350	670	680
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	2,580	1,220	1,360	100,860	48,615	52,245
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,070	540	525	41,810	22,515	19,300
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	1,515	675	835	59,050	26,100	32,945
Location of study inside Canada	1,470	650	820	56,145	24,725	31,420
Same as province or territory of residence	1,195	495	695	45,395	19,390	26,000
Different than province or territory of residence	275	155	120	10,750	5,330	5,425
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	45	30	15	2,905	1,375	1,530
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	15	10	10	975	475	500
Philippines	0	0	0	105	30	80
India	0	0	0	75	40	35
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	10	0	0	760	390	370
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	35	15	25
France	0	0	0	30	20	10
Other	20	15	10	920	405	510
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	4,160	1,945	2,210	164,955	79,880	85,075
In the labour force	2,325	1,115	1,210	94,220	48,775	45,445
Employed	2,115	1,000	1,110	84,385	43,260	41,125
Unemployed	210	110	100	9,835	5,520	4,320
Not in the labour force	1,830	830	1,000	70,730	31,105	39,630
Participation rate	55.9	57.3	54.8	57.1	61.1	53.4
Employment rate	50.8	51.4	50.2	51.2	54.2	48.3
Unemployment rate	9.0	9.9	8.3	10.4	11.3	9.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	4,160	1,945	2,215	164,955	79,880	85,075
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	1,740	765	975	63,960	27,590	36,370
Worked	2,420	1,185	1,240	101,000	52,290	48,710
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	1,300	705	590	46,805	25,770	21,035
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	1,120	475	645	54,190	26,520	27,675
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.5	42.1	42.8	40.8	40.6	41.0
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	2,325	1,115	1,210	94,220	48,775	45,445
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	50	20	30	1,780	825	955
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	2,280	1,095	1,180	92,445	47,955	44,485
Employee	2,075	980	1,090	81,200	40,880	40,320
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	205	115	90	11,240	7,075	4,165
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	2,330	1,115	1,215	94,220	48,780	45,445
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	50	15	30	1,780	820	955
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	2,275	1,095	1,175	92,445	47,955	44,490
0 Management occupations	210	130	80	8,485	5,065	3,420
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	320	65	255	11,060	2,505	8,560
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	75	60	20	3,620	2,820	805
3 Health occupations	235	15	215	7,175	1,035	6,140
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	335	135	200	10,290	3,525	6,770
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	45	25	20	1,955	785	1,170
6 Sales and service occupations	575	240	335	21,065	7,250	13,815
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	360	330	35	14,090	13,320	765
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	60	50	10	7,770	6,770	1,000
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	60	45	15	6,940	4,885	2,055
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	2,330	1,115	1,210	94,225	48,780	45,445
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	45	15	30	1,780	825	955
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	2,275	1,100	1,180	92,445	47,955	44,485
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	35	20	15	8,525	6,950	1,575
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	15	10	0	440	425	15
22 Utilities	10	0	0	295	225	70
23 Construction	145	120	30	6,515	6,000	520
31-33 Manufacturing	155	115	40	10,680	7,765	2,915
41 Wholesale trade	40	30	10	2,360	1,720	635
44-45 Retail trade	310	150	165	12,505	5,320	7,185
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	120	90	35	2,845	2,125	725
51 Information and cultural industries	35	15	15	1,095	595	505
52 Finance and insurance	90	20	70	1,955	570	1,380
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	35	25	15	920	480	445
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	135	75	60	3,330	1,620	1,710
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	30	10	25
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	120	85	40	3,685	2,005	1,675
61 Educational services	235	95	140	6,315	2,020	4,295
62 Health care and social assistance	390	50	340	12,890	1,795	11,095
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	45	25	25	1,525	685	840
72 Accommodation and food services	165	50	110	5,955	1,780	4,175
81 Other services (except public administration)	80	45	35	4,060	1,870	2,190
91 Public administration	125	85	40	6,515	4,015	2,505
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	2,115	1,005	1,110	84,385	43,260	41,125
Worked at home	140	60	80	6,470	3,130	3,340
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	270	210	60
No fixed workplace address	235	165	65	11,970	9,495	2,475
Worked at usual place	1,745	780	960	65,675	30,425	35,255
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	1,740	780	960	65,675	30,425	35,255
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	565	230	330	27,600	13,035	14,560
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	400	145	255	27,545	11,570	15,975
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	765	400	365	9,890	5,365	4,530
Commute to a different province or territory	20	0	10	645	455	185
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	1,975	950	1,030	77,650	39,920	37,730
Car, truck, van - as a driver	1,655	795	865	66,840	34,200	32,635
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	145	65	80	5,370	2,780	2,595
Public transit	10	10	0	645	355	290
Walked	130	55	75	3,540	1,690	1,850
Bicycle	10	0	0	275	210	60
Other method	20	15	10	985	685	300
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	1,975	945	1,030	77,645	39,920	37,730
Less than 15 minutes	880	330	550	33,955	16,620	17,335
15 to 29 minutes	255	110	135	26,325	12,800	13,530
30 to 44 minutes	365	190	170	9,530	5,350	4,180
45 to 59 minutes	315	215	105	3,235	1,860	1,380
60 minutes and over	165	100	60	4,600	3,290	1,310
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	1,975	950	1,025	77,650	39,920	37,725
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	155	95	60	5,090	3,675	1,420
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	380	200	175	14,340	8,565	5,770
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	590	295	300	24,430	13,060	11,370
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	425	165	260	15,450	5,530	9,915
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	140	45	95	6,250	2,110	4,145
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	280	145	135	12,080	6,975	5,105
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	2,475	1,205	1,270	103,800	53,670	50,125
Single responses	2,470	1,200	1,270	102,960	53,285	49,670
Official languages	2,470	1,200	1,270	102,865	53,230	49,635
English	2,465	1,195	1,270	99,665	51,560	48,105
French	0	10	0	3,205	1,670	1,530
Non-official languages	0	0	0	90	60	30
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	95	60	35
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	20	20	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	20	20	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	15	15	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	10	10
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	20	20	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	15	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	10	15	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	10	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	10	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	10	10	0	840	385	460
English and French	10	0	0	765	350	415
English and non-official language	0	10	0	75	30	50
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	2,475	1,210	1,270	103,800	53,670	50,130
None	2,435	1,185	1,250	97,435	50,600	46,840
English	10	10	0	2,275	1,220	1,055
French	20	0	15	3,770	1,730	2,035
Non-official language	10	0	10	295	115	180
Aboriginal	0	0	0	10	0	10
Non-Aboriginal	10	10	0	285	115	170
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	10	0	25	0	20
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	4,830	2,310	2,520	189,265	92,345	96,930
Non-movers	4,165	2,015	2,150	169,260	82,825	86,435
Movers	660	295	370	20,010	9,515	10,495
Non-migrants	305	155	145	9,235	4,415	4,820
Migrants	360	135	220	10,770	5,100	5,675
Internal migrants	355	135	215	10,185	4,775	5,400
Intraprovincial migrants	330	125	205	6,830	3,060	3,770
Interprovincial migrants	25	15	15	3,350	1,720	1,635
External migrants	0	0	0	590	320	270
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	4,660	2,215	2,445	182,895	89,085	93,810
Non-movers	2,710	1,320	1,395	130,175	64,020	66,155
Movers	1,950	900	1,050	52,725	25,065	27,655
Non-migrants	905	430	470	24,165	11,435	12,725
Migrants	1,045	470	580	28,560	13,630	14,930
Internal migrants	1,020	460	565	26,650	12,640	14,010
Intraprovincial migrants	905	405	495	17,390	8,085	9,300
Interprovincial migrants	125	55	70	9,265	4,550	4,715
External migrants	25	10	15	1,910	990	915

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Windsor [Population centre], Nova Scotia and Zone 1 - Western [Health region, December 2017], Nova Scotia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 3, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Windsor [Population centre], Nova Scotia and Zone 1 - Western [Health region, December 2017], Nova Scotia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Windsor [Population centre], Nova Scotia and Zone 1 - Western [Health region, December 2017], Nova Scotia

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Windsor [Population centre], Nova Scotia and Zone 1 - Western [Health region, December 2017], Nova Scotia