Census Profile, 2016 Census
Windsor [Population centre], Quebec and Tsawwassen [Population centre], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Windsor Quebec [Population centre]			Tsawwassen British Columbia [Population centre]
	Data quality , Windsor [Population centre], Quebec Map : Windsor [Population centre], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Tsawwassen [Population centre], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	5,064	...	...	21,588	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	4,970 ^r	...	...	21,439^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	1.9	...	...	0.7	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	2,260	...	...	9,082	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	2,194	...	...	8,735	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,049.2	...	...	1,672.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	4.83	...	...	12.91	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	5,070	2,485	2,580	21,585	10,340	11,245
0 to 14 years	910	495	415	3,055	1,545	1,505
0 to 4 years	310	175	135	770	395	380
5 to 9 years	320	170	145	1,075	550	525
10 to 14 years	280	150	130	1,205	600	605
15 to 64 years	3,140	1,570	1,570	12,840	6,205	6,635
15 to 19 years	255	135	115	1,320	685	635
20 to 24 years	310	165	145	1,040	540	500
25 to 29 years	275	130	140	670	320	345
30 to 34 years	330	175	155	745	345	400
35 to 39 years	290	145	145	845	405	440
40 to 44 years	275	120	150	1,165	515	650
45 to 49 years	265	130	140	1,650	780	870
50 to 54 years	380	200	185	1,820	880	935
55 to 59 years	430	220	215	1,875	925	950
60 to 64 years	330	155	175	1,720	820	900
65 years and over	1,015	420	600	5,690	2,590	3,100
65 to 69 years	255	120	135	1,700	790	905
70 to 74 years	205	90	110	1,405	685	720
75 to 79 years	155	60	95	1,035	480	555
80 to 84 years	165	70	95	680	290	385
85 years and over	230	75	160	870	335	535
85 to 89 years	150	50	105	535	225	315
90 to 94 years	60	15	50	255	95	160
95 to 99 years	20	5	10	60	15	50
100 years and over	0	0	0	10	5	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.9	19.9	16.1	14.2	14.9	13.4
15 to 64 years	61.9	63.2	60.9	59.5	60.0	59.0
65 years and over	20.0	16.9	23.3	26.4	25.0	27.6
85 years and over	4.5	3.0	6.2	4.0	3.2	4.8
Average age of the population	42.6	40.2	44.8	47.0	46.0	48.0
Median age of the population	42.8	39.6	45.8	51.0	50.3	51.5
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	2,195	...	...	8,735	...	...
Single-detached house	1,135	...	...	5,580	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	170	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	1,055	...	...	2,980	...	...
Semi-detached house	70	...	...	225	...	...
Row house	15	...	...	175	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	350	...	...	520	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	600	...	...	2,060	...	...
Other single-attached house	25	...	...	5	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	0	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	2,195	...	...	8,735	...	...
1 person	765	...	...	2,200	...	...
2 persons	775	...	...	3,360	...	...
3 persons	275	...	...	1,295	...	...
4 persons	265	...	...	1,320	...	...
5 or more persons	110	...	...	565	...	...
Number of persons in private households	4,810	...	...	21,095	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	4,160	1,990	2,165	18,530	8,790	9,730
Married or living common law	2,320	1,155	1,160	11,870	5,920	5,950
Married	1,235	610	625	10,610	5,290	5,320
Living common law	1,080	540	540	1,265	630	635
Not married and not living common law	1,840	835	1,005	6,660	2,870	3,785
Never married	1,125	605	515	3,755	1,995	1,760
Separated	50	20	30	415	180	230
Divorced	295	115	180	1,190	415	775
Widowed	365	90	275	1,305	285	1,020
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	1,375	...	...	6,530	...	...
2 persons	750	...	...	3,525	...	...
3 persons	265	...	...	1,280	...	...
4 persons	260	...	...	1,345	...	...
5 or more persons	105	...	...	385	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	1,375	...	...	6,530	...	...
Total couple families	1,115	...	...	5,815	...	...
Married couples	580	...	...	5,180	...	...
Common-law couples	540	...	...	630	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	260	...	...	720	...	...
Female parent	195	...	...	550	...	...
Male parent	70	...	...	170	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	1,120	...	...	5,810	...	...
Couples without children	610	...	...	3,065	...	...
Couples with children	505	...	...	2,750	...	...
1 child	185	...	...	1,060	...	...
2 children	225	...	...	1,310	...	...
3 or more children	100	...	...	380	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	260	...	...	720	...	...
1 child	135	...	...	455	...	...
2 children	85	...	...	220	...	...
3 or more children	40	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	930	440	485	2,845	1,145	1,700
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	2,190	...	...	8,735	...	...
One-census-family households	1,365	...	...	6,260	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	615	...	...	2,935	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	750	...	...	3,325	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	5	...	...	135	...	...
Non-census-family households	825	...	...	2,340	...	...
One-person households	765	...	...	2,200	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	60	...	...	145	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	5,030	2,475	2,555	21,335	10,270	11,065
English only	10	5	5	18,965	9,255	9,710
French only	3,615	1,675	1,940	5	5	0
English and French	1,405	790	615	2,205	950	1,260
Neither English nor French	5	0	0	160	65	95
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	5,030	2,475	2,560	21,335	10,275	11,065
English	145	70	75	20,850	10,070	10,780
French	4,875	2,395	2,480	275	110	160
English and French	5	5	5	55	25	25
Neither English nor French	0	5	0	155	65	95
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	145	75	75	300	125	180
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	2.9	3.0	2.9	1.4	1.2	1.6
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	5,030	2,475	2,555	21,335	10,270	11,065
Single responses	5,005	2,460	2,545	21,080	10,155	10,930
Official languages	4,985	2,450	2,535	18,090	8,810	9,280
English	145	70	75	17,805	8,700	9,105
French	4,845	2,380	2,455	285	110	175
Non-official languages	15	10	10	2,990	1,340	1,655
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	20	10	10	2,995	1,345	1,650
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	20	20	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	25	20	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	10	5	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	5	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	15	5	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	160	50	110
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	0	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	0	5
Ilocano	0	0	0	5	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	0	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	5
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	125	40	85
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	5	5	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	15	5	10	1,685	790	895
Albanian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Armenian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	345	155	190
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Latvian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	335	150	185
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	5	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	30	20	15
Czech	0	0	0	45	15	25
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	80	35	45
Russian	0	0	0	85	45	40
Serbian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	5	0
Slovak	0	0	0	25	15	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ukrainian	0	0	0	45	20	30
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	5	5	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	5	815	385	425
Afrikaans	0	0	0	25	15	10
Danish	0	0	0	45	20	25
Dutch	0	0	0	175	75	100
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	510	250	255
Icelandic	0	0	0	5	5	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	20	5	10
Swedish	0	0	0	35	15	15
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	45	25	20
Indo-Iranian languages	5	0	0	150	75	70
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	130	65	65
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	15	10	5
Hindi	0	0	0	20	10	15
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	5	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	90	45	40
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	5	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	20	5	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	5	5	285	130	150
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	70	35	30
Portuguese	0	0	0	45	20	25
Romanian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Spanish	10	5	5	140	60	80
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	80	25	55
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	125	45	80
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	5	5	5	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	5	5	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	5	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	5	0	810	355	455
Chinese languages	5	5	0	810	360	450
Cantonese	0	0	0	195	80	115
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	560	250	305
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	25	10	15
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Lao	0	0	0	5	0	5
Thai	5	0	0	5	0	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	70	35	30
Estonian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Finnish	0	0	0	20	10	10
Hungarian	0	0	0	40	25	15
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Multiple responses	25	10	15	255	120	130
English and French	25	15	10	60	35	30
English and non-official language	0	0	0	175	75	100
French and non-official language	0	0	5	10	5	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	5
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	5,030	2,475	2,555	21,335	10,270	11,065
Single responses	5,005	2,460	2,550	20,830	10,045	10,780
Official languages	5,000	2,455	2,550	19,730	9,545	10,190
English	95	45	45	19,670	9,520	10,150
French	4,905	2,405	2,495	60	20	40
Non-official languages	5	5	0	1,095	500	595
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	5	5	0	1,095	505	590
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	5	5	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	5	5	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	55	25	30
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	5	0	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	45	20	25
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5	5	0	360	170	195
Albanian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	100	50	55
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	95	45	55
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	10	5	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	20	5	10
Russian	0	0	0	55	30	30
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	10	5	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	105	55	55
Afrikaans	0	0	0	5	5	5
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	20	10	15
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	65	30	35
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	15	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	60	25	30
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	50	25	25
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	5	0	5
Hindi	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	40	20	20
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	5	5	0	70	35	40
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	10	5	10
Portuguese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	20	5	10
Spanish	5	5	0	45	20	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	25	10	15
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	100	35	60
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	0	530	250	280
Chinese languages	0	0	0	530	250	280
Cantonese	0	0	0	90	45	50
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	0	0	425	200	220
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	25	15	10	505	225	280
English and French	20	10	10	40	15	25
English and non-official language	0	0	0	450	205	250
French and non-official language	10	5	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	10	10
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	5,030	2,475	2,555	21,335	10,270	11,065
None	4,730	2,310	2,415	19,580	9,520	10,055
English	230	125	110	490	230	260
French	55	30	25	295	120	175
Non-official language	10	5	5	950	380	565
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	10	5	5	950	380	565
English and French	0	0	0	5	5	5
English and non-official language	5	0	0	10	5	5
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	10	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	3,900	1,905	2,000	18,040	8,665	9,380
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,785	1,845	1,940	17,410	8,330	9,080
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,648	37,786	26,027	43,661	56,704	34,688
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,790	1,845	1,940	17,435	8,345	9,090
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,384	32,563	23,963	38,327	48,559	31,037
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,305	1,675	1,630	16,560	8,015	8,545
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,552	34,987	22,389	39,205	52,775	29,388
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,935	1,325	1,605	11,460	4,640	6,815
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,611	7,512	9,531	7,833	10,128	6,619
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,755	1,445	1,310	12,770	6,500	6,270
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,800	35,084	25,392	36,962	50,082	28,821
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	3,920	1,915	2,005	18,080	8,670	9,415
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,785	1,860	1,925	17,430	8,290	9,140
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,569	43,981	29,414	64,242	84,179	46,159
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,785	1,860	1,930	17,460	8,300	9,155
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,256	36,535	26,161	50,789	64,422	38,427
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,290	1,680	1,605	16,595	7,935	8,660
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,558	41,551	25,197	61,651	82,373	42,659
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,970	1,370	1,600	11,340	4,565	6,775
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,451	8,682	10,111	8,515	9,657	7,746
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,785	1,470	1,320	12,790	6,390	6,400
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,889	41,853	27,131	57,481	73,904	41,075
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	3,925	1,920	2,005	18,080	8,665	9,415
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	1,185	670	515	5,290	3,010	2,280
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	42,656	46,797	36,804	68,098	76,740	57,831
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	47,850	54,365	39,422	90,483	109,694	65,096
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	79.9	85.4	72.3	91.3	93.7	87.4
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	68.4	72.1	63.6	66.1	70.1	59.7
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	20.2	14.5	27.7	8.7	6.3	12.6
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	3,900	1,900	2,000	18,040	8,665	9,375
Without total income	115	55	60	630	335	295
With total income	3,785	1,850	1,940	17,410	8,330	9,080
Percentage with total income	97.1	97.4	97.0	96.5	96.1	96.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	395	155	240	2,225	830	1,395
$10,000 to $19,999	730	255	475	2,245	785	1,455
$20,000 to $29,999	680	295	385	1,900	705	1,195
$30,000 to $39,999	590	295	295	1,745	685	1,060
$40,000 to $49,999	490	255	235	1,565	650	915
$50,000 to $59,999	295	175	125	1,520	735	785
$60,000 to $69,999	225	130	90	1,185	625	565
$70,000 to $79,999	135	90	45	945	515	430
$80,000 to $89,999	115	85	30	785	455	335
$90,000 to $99,999	50	40	10	590	360	235
$100,000 and over	80	70	15	2,690	1,980	710
$100,000 to $149,999	70	55	15	1,580	1,090	490
$150,000 and over	10	10	5	1,115	895	225
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	3,900	1,905	2,000	18,040	8,665	9,375
Without after-tax income	115	55	60	605	320	290
With after-tax income	3,785	1,845	1,940	17,435	8,345	9,090
Percentage with after-tax income	97.1	96.9	97.0	96.6	96.3	97.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	410	160	255	2,410	890	1,525
$10,000 to $19,999	765	270	490	2,370	855	1,515
$20,000 to $29,999	845	390	455	2,225	835	1,390
$30,000 to $39,999	730	365	365	2,030	815	1,215
$40,000 to $49,999	465	275	190	1,955	900	1,060
$50,000 to $59,999	280	170	115	1,585	845	740
$60,000 to $69,999	170	125	45	1,185	655	525
$70,000 to $79,999	60	50	15	900	545	355
$80,000 and over	60	50	15	2,765	2,000	765
$80,000 to $89,999	25	20	5	645	420	230
$90,000 to $99,999	10	5	5	490	325	165
$100,000 and over	25	20	5	1,630	1,255	375
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	3,905	1,900	2,000	18,040	8,665	9,375
Without employment income	1,150	455	690	5,270	2,165	3,110
With employment income	2,750	1,445	1,310	12,770	6,500	6,265
Percentage with employment income	70.4	76.1	65.5	70.8	75.0	66.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	340	180	160	2,485	1,175	1,310
$5,000 to $9,999	190	90	100	935	375	560
$10,000 to $19,999	435	180	260	1,310	550	760
$20,000 to $29,999	410	175	240	995	425	570
$30,000 to $39,999	415	210	210	930	375	555
$40,000 to $49,999	305	165	145	880	335	540
$50,000 to $59,999	200	125	75	890	415	475
$60,000 to $69,999	140	85	55	765	375	390
$70,000 to $79,999	110	75	35	625	335	290
$80,000 and over	190	160	30	2,950	2,130	820
$80,000 to $89,999	95	75	20	585	345	240
$90,000 to $99,999	40	30	5	425	280	150
$100,000 and over	60	50	5	1,940	1,505	435
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	2,195	...	...	8,735	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	53,216	...	...	92,966	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	47,872	...	...	80,061	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	765	...	...	2,200	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	25,216	...	...	44,693	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	23,851	...	...	39,226	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	1,430	...	...	6,535	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	70,940	...	...	115,822	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	61,850	...	...	98,327	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	2,200	...	...	8,755	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	63,016	...	...	127,956	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	53,860	...	...	101,337	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	755	...	...	2,175	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,291	...	...	57,830	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,427	...	...	47,156	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	1,445	...	...	6,575	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	79,620	...	...	151,161	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	67,695	...	...	119,266	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	2,190	...	...	8,735	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...	140	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	35	...	...	75	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	100	...	...	110	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	145	...	...	210	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	155	...	...	220	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	105	...	...	220	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	125	...	...	285	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	120	...	...	290	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	110	...	...	260	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	120	...	...	270	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	200	...	...	570	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	205	...	...	585	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	145	...	...	500	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	135	...	...	505	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	105	...	...	440	...	...
$100,000 and over	380	...	...	4,075	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	185	...	...	960	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	100	...	...	760	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	75	...	...	1,070	...	...
$200,000 and over	25	...	...	1,285	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	2,195	...	...	8,735	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...	160	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	35	...	...	80	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	100	...	...	115	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	150	...	...	215	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	180	...	...	260	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	120	...	...	300	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	145	...	...	330	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	160	...	...	340	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	125	...	...	320	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	135	...	...	330	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	245	...	...	705	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	200	...	...	640	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	165	...	...	580	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	100	...	...	545	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	90	...	...	490	...	...
$100,000 and over	220	...	...	3,340	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	145	...	...	1,050	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	55	...	...	795	...	...
$150,000 and over	25	...	...	1,495	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	1,390	...	...	6,445	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	70,752	...	...	115,568	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	61,811	...	...	98,039	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	605	...	...	2,905	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	64,469	...	...	99,243	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	56,277	...	...	85,073	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	505	...	...	2,760	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	97,109	...	...	151,834	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	82,125	...	...	125,412	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	255	...	...	680	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,171	...	...	62,464	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	44,416	...	...	55,347	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	1,400	...	...	6,455	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	80,202	...	...	151,760	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	68,093	...	...	119,671	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	595	...	...	2,895	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	69,631	...	...	145,323	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	59,187	...	...	113,146	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	530	...	...	2,770	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	105,372	...	...	179,621	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	88,131	...	...	141,922	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	240	...	...	680	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,688	...	...	70,357	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,181	...	...	59,110	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	865	410	455	2,590	1,060	1,535
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	25,024	31,744	21,451	42,240	48,597	39,077
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	23,624	28,032	21,235	37,303	42,091	34,688
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	860	410	450	2,575	1,045	1,530
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	30,636	33,695	27,806	54,404	61,277	49,694
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	26,926	28,967	25,038	44,383	49,105	41,148
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	4,810	2,395	2,415	21,095	10,210	10,885
In the bottom half of the distribution	3,205	1,580	1,625	6,530	2,910	3,620
In the bottom decile	405	185	220	1,380	610	765
In the second decile	695	310	385	1,005	425	580
In the third decile	715	360	355	1,195	525	670
In the fourth decile	785	410	380	1,300	590	715
In the fifth decile	605	315	285	1,650	760	890
In the top half of the distribution	1,610	815	785	14,565	7,305	7,265
In the sixth decile	525	255	270	1,890	880	1,005
In the seventh decile	430	220	205	2,145	1,075	1,070
In the eighth decile	340	175	160	2,655	1,320	1,335
In the ninth decile	230	125	110	3,175	1,620	1,555
In the top decile	80	40	40	4,700	2,405	2,295
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	4,815	2,395	2,415	20,690	10,015	10,680
0 to 17 years	1,065	580	490	3,815	1,940	1,870
0 to 5 years	385	215	170	945	480	465
18 to 64 years	2,975	1,485	1,490	11,820	5,685	6,130
65 years and over	775	335	440	5,060	2,385	2,675
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	770	320	450	1,795	785	1,010
0 to 17 years	160	95	70	430	215	210
0 to 5 years	60	35	20	85	40	45
18 to 64 years	410	180	230	1,010	440	565
65 years and over	205	45	155	360	125	235
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	16.0	13.4	18.6	8.7	7.8	9.5
0 to 17 years (%)	15.0	16.4	14.3	11.3	11.1	11.2
0 to 5 years (%)	15.6	16.3	11.8	9.0	8.3	9.7
18 to 64 years (%)	13.8	12.1	15.4	8.5	7.7	9.2
65 years and over (%)	26.5	13.4	35.2	7.1	5.2	8.8
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	250	120	130	965	430	535
0 to 17 years	40	30	15	260	125	130
0 to 5 years	15	10	5	45	20	25
18 to 64 years	200	95	105	620	270	345
65 years and over	15	0	10	85	35	50
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.2	5.0	5.4	4.7	4.3	5.0
0 to 17 years (%)	3.8	5.2	3.1	6.8	6.4	7.0
0 to 5 years (%)	3.9	4.7	2.9	4.8	4.2	5.4
18 to 64 years (%)	6.7	6.4	7.0	5.2	4.7	5.6
65 years and over (%)	1.9	0.0	2.3	1.7	1.5	1.9
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	4,870	2,415	2,455	21,150	10,250	10,905
Official languages	4,870	2,415	2,455	21,000	10,195	10,810
English	1,400	810	595	21,000	10,190	10,810
French	4,865	2,415	2,455	2,195	960	1,235
Non-official languages	70	50	25	3,490	1,565	1,935
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	10	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	70	50	25	3,490	1,560	1,925
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	30	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	175	70	105
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	20	10	10
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	10	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	165	60	100
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	10	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	10	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	65	45	20	2,160	960	1,200
Albanian	0	0	0	35	20	15
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	350	165	190
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	345	160	185
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	40	30	10
Czech	0	0	0	45	20	25
Macedonian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	95	40	60
Russian	0	0	0	85	45	40
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	10	0	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Ukrainian	0	0	0	55	20	35
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	10	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	10
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	955	440	515
Afrikaans	0	0	0	45	15	30
Danish	0	0	0	35	15	25
Dutch	0	0	0	170	60	105
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	650	325	325
Icelandic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	15	15	0
Swedish	0	0	0	60	20	40
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	10
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	55	20	35
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	240	95	140
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	240	95	145
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	30	20	10
Hindi	0	0	0	95	35	60
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	10	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	10
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	135	50	85
Sindhi	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	35	15	20
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	65	45	20	615	265	355
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	100	55	45
Portuguese	0	10	0	50	15	40
Romanian	0	0	0	50	25	25
Spanish	60	40	20	440	185	260
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	110	50	60
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	135	50	90
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	15	15	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	15	15	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
American Sign Language	0	0	0	20	10	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	0	785	365	420
Chinese languages	0	10	0	785	370	415
Cantonese	0	0	0	240	90	155
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	595	295	300
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	60	25	35
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	10	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	125	65	60
Estonian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Finnish	0	0	0	60	25	30
Hungarian	0	0	0	45	30	15
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	4,870	2,420	2,455	21,150	10,245	10,905
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	4,860	2,415	2,440	20,180	9,745	10,435
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,100	570	525	3,720	1,925	1,795
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	3,760	1,840	1,920	16,465	7,815	8,650
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	10	0	10	970	505	465
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	4,870	2,415	2,450	21,150	10,245	10,905
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	4,825	2,410	2,415	16,695	8,130	8,565
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	45	0	40	4,275	2,045	2,230
Before 1981	10	0	15	2,240	1,080	1,165
1981 to 1990	10	0	10	425	205	220
1991 to 2000	0	0	0	650	295	355
2001 to 2010	15	0	10	720	345	370
2001 to 2005	10	0	10	465	225	240
2006 to 2010	10	0	0	255	125	135
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	10	0	10	230	120	115
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	0	185	75	115
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	45	0	40	4,270	2,045	2,230
Under 5 years	10	10	0	445	245	195
5 to 14 years	10	0	0	775	380	400
15 to 24 years	15	0	15	945	420	520
25 to 44 years	10	0	10	1,895	900	995
45 years and over	0	0	0	215	100	110
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	45	0	40	4,270	2,045	2,230
Americas	10	0	0	425	200	225
Brazil	0	0	0	15	0	15
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	10	0	10
Haiti	0	0	0	10	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	20	0	10
Mexico	0	0	0	25	15	15
Peru	0	0	0	10	0	10
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	10	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	250	145	110
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	80	25	55
Europe	20	0	15	2,485	1,215	1,275
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	15	10	10
France	0	0	10	30	20	15
Germany	0	0	0	270	120	155
Greece	0	0	0	20	20	0
Hungary	0	0	0	30	30	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	85	40	50
Italy	0	0	0	25	15	10
Netherlands	10	0	10	150	80	75
Poland	0	0	0	90	50	45
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	10
Romania	0	0	0	60	30	25
Russian Federation	0	0	0	30	15	10
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	50	20	35
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	1,290	595	690
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	10	310	170	135
Africa	10	0	10	165	85	75
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	10	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	110	60	45
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	0	45	20	25
Asia	10	10	10	1,090	490	600
Afghanistan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	10	0	10	355	170	185
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	90	35	50
India	0	0	0	100	45	50
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	30	0	20
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	85	45	45
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	10	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Philippines	0	0	0	185	80	105
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	115	55	65
Viet Nam	0	0	0	20	10	15
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	80	30	50
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	115	55	55
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	10	0	10	230	120	120
Americas	0	0	0	10	10	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	10	0	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	60	30	30
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	10	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	50	20	25
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	10	0
Africa	10	0	0	0	10	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	10	0	10	155	75	85
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	10	0	10	90	40	55
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	35	25	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	15	10	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	4,870	2,415	2,450	21,155	10,245	10,905
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	55	15	40	4,690	2,245	2,445
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	90	50	40	5,490	2,650	2,835
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	4,730	2,360	2,370	10,970	5,350	5,620
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	30	0	30	2,065	990	1,080
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	10	0	0	1,405	695	710
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	10	0	10	570	380	190
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	0	0	0	835	315	520
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	30	10	20	585	245	340
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	0	75	50	30
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	4,870	2,415	2,450	21,150	10,250	10,905
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	30	15	10	505	245	260
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	30	15	15	480	235	245
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	15	0	10	250	125	125
Métis	20	15	10	230	115	120
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	20	10	15
Non-Aboriginal identity	4,840	2,400	2,440	20,650	10,005	10,650
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	4,870	2,415	2,450	21,155	10,245	10,905
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	0	0	0	155	90	65
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	4,870	2,415	2,455	20,995	10,155	10,840
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	4,870	2,415	2,450	21,150	10,245	10,900
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	45	20	30	45	30	15
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	45	15	30	45	30	15
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	45	15	30	40	30	20
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	180	100	85	605	295	310
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	185	95	85	580	280	305
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	170	95	75	380	185	190
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	10	205	95	110
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	20	15	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	20	15	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	4,640	2,305	2,335	20,505	9,925	10,585
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	4,870	2,420	2,455	21,150	10,245	10,905
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	25	10	15	2,445	1,105	1,345
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	395	195	200
Chinese	15	10	0	1,040	500	540
Black	10	0	10	155	65	85
Filipino	0	0	0	245	95	150
Latin American	0	0	0	75	10	70
Arab	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	60	35	25
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	175	65	115
Japanese	0	0	0	185	85	105
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	50	15	30
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	55	25	25
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	4,845	2,405	2,440	18,705	9,145	9,560
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	4,870	2,420	2,455	21,150	10,250	10,905
North American Aboriginal origins	225	115	115	645	325	320
First Nations (North American Indian)	215	115	105	445	230	210
Inuit	0	0	10	0	0	0
Métis	10	0	0	225	105	115
Other North American origins	4,045	2,025	2,020	5,040	2,360	2,680
Acadian	30	20	10	30	15	10
American	35	0	30	445	185	255
Canadian	3,925	1,970	1,955	4,765	2,215	2,550
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	15	0	10
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	125	55	65	10	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	10	10	0
European origins	1,680	830	850	17,490	8,520	8,975
British Isles origins	425	215	210	13,130	6,375	6,750
Channel Islander	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cornish	0	0	0	15	0	10
English	130	70	55	8,350	4,065	4,285
Irish	290	145	145	4,890	2,310	2,580
Manx	0	0	0	10	0	10
Scottish	90	30	60	5,870	2,875	2,995
Welsh	0	0	0	830	435	395
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	0	0	10	900	375	530
French origins	1,330	660	675	1,955	885	1,065
Alsatian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	1,330	655	670	1,940	885	1,055
Western European origins (except French origins)	135	60	75	4,605	2,275	2,340
Austrian	0	0	0	285	160	125
Bavarian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Belgian	35	15	25	115	50	60
Dutch	10	0	0	1,100	515	585
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	15	15	0
German	50	0	45	3,315	1,640	1,680
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	45	45	0	170	70	105
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	10	10	0	2,315	1,040	1,275
Danish	0	0	0	495	230	270
Finnish	0	0	10	255	140	115
Icelandic	0	0	0	260	90	165
Norwegian	0	0	0	900	405	495
Swedish	10	0	0	585	245	345
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	75	35	45
Eastern European origins	15	0	0	3,110	1,550	1,560
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	135	70	70
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	50	25	25
Estonian	0	0	0	90	55	35
Hungarian	0	0	0	300	145	155
Latvian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	90	50	40
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	0	10	915	450	465
Romanian	0	0	0	180	95	90
Russian	0	0	0	550	255	290
Slovak	0	0	0	35	10	20
Ukrainian	10	0	10	1,240	630	605
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	15	0	0
Southern European origins	50	15	40	1,645	770	875
Albanian	0	0	0	30	20	15
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	185	95	90
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	10	0	145	75	70
Italian	25	0	25	770	380	390
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	10	0	15
Maltese	0	0	0	50	25	30
Montenegrin	0	0	0	15	0	10
Portuguese	15	10	10	135	50	85
Serbian	0	0	0	45	20	20
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	55	30	25
Spanish	0	0	0	245	100	145
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	25	10	20
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other European origins	20	0	15	130	65	65
Basque	20	0	10	10	10	10
Jewish	0	0	0	50	25	25
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	10	0	0	70	35	35
Caribbean origins	0	0	0	160	80	75
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	30	15	10
Bermudan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	10	0	10
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	60	30	30
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	15	10	10
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	25	15	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	10	0	0	150	70	80
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Chilean	0	0	0	40	15	25
Colombian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	10	0	0	45	30	15
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	15	0	10
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	35	10	20
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	10	10	0	160	75	85
Central and West African origins	10	0	10	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	10	10	10	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	0	0	0	10	0	10
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	110	55	55
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	80	45	40
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	0	0	0	40	20	25
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	45	15	25
Asian origins	20	10	10	2,375	1,120	1,250
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	10	10	10	120	60	60
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	30	15	20
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	25	15	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	30	20	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	10	10	0	20	0	20
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	15	10	10
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	10	0	0
South Asian origins	0	0	0	440	205	240
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	0	0	410	190	220
Goan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	40	15	20
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	15	15	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	15	10	10	1,825	860	965
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	15	10	10	1,070	515	555
Filipino	0	0	0	250	105	145
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	40	30	10
Japanese	0	0	0	210	100	110
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	190	75	120
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	70	35	30
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	35	25	15
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	0	0	0	230	85	140
Australian	0	0	0	135	65	70
New Zealander	0	0	0	40	10	35
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	45	10	35
Fijian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	2,195	...	...	8,750	...	...
Owner	1,335	...	...	7,115	...	...
Renter	865	...	...	1,635	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	2,195	...	...	8,750	...	...
Condominium	125	...	...	1,765	...	...
Not condominium	2,075	...	...	6,990	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	2,195	...	...	8,755	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	15	...	...
1 bedroom	280	...	...	900	...	...
2 bedrooms	675	...	...	2,125	...	...
3 bedrooms	830	...	...	2,610	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	420	...	...	3,110	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	2,200	...	...	8,750	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	685	...	...	1,825	...	...
5 rooms	495	...	...	1,050	...	...
6 rooms	220	...	...	945	...	...
7 rooms	255	...	...	1,085	...	...
8 or more rooms	550	...	...	3,845	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.0	...	...	7.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	2,195	...	...	8,755	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,195	...	...	8,725	...	...
More than 1 person per room	10	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	2,200	...	...	8,750	...	...
Suitable	2,160	...	...	8,600	...	...
Not suitable	35	...	...	150	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	2,195	...	...	8,750	...	...
1960 or before	1,045	...	...	625	...	...
1961 to 1980	610	...	...	4,280	...	...
1981 to 1990	210	...	...	1,540	...	...
1991 to 2000	155	...	...	1,420	...	...
2001 to 2005	55	...	...	215	...	...
2006 to 2010	50	...	...	280	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	70	...	...	390	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	2,200	...	...	8,750	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	2,040	...	...	8,360	...	...
Major repairs needed	155	...	...	390	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	2,195	...	...	8,750	...	...
1 household maintainer	1,425	...	...	4,625	...	...
2 household maintainers	765	...	...	3,965	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	0	...	...	160	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	2,200	...	...	8,750	...	...
15 to 24 years	95	...	...	55	...	...
25 to 34 years	365	...	...	395	...	...
35 to 44 years	345	...	...	980	...	...
45 to 54 years	370	...	...	1,980	...	...
55 to 64 years	495	...	...	2,005	...	...
65 to 74 years	310	...	...	1,800	...	...
75 to 84 years	175	...	...	1,020	...	...
85 years and over	45	...	...	515	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	2,195	...	...	8,540	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,860	...	...	6,665	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	335	...	...	1,875	...	...
30% to less than 100%	320	...	...	1,570	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,335	...	...	6,920	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	69.7	...	...	51.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	10.9	...	...	16.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	893	...	...	1,060	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	926	...	...	1,554	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	170,882	...	...	1,124,944	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	174,900	...	...	1,143,282	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	865	...	...	1,630	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	12.1	...	...	5.8	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	22.5	...	...	43.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	539	...	...	1,133	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	551	...	...	1,419	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	3,925	1,915	2,005	18,080	8,665	9,415
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,100	540	565	1,730	875	850
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	830	385	445	5,470	2,535	2,940
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,990	995	1,000	10,885	5,255	5,630
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,000	595	405	1,495	1,080	415
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	760	410	350	675	395	280
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	235	180	50	825	685	135
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	565	240	325	3,655	1,490	2,160
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	95	35	65	660	255	410
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	335	130	210	5,070	2,425	2,645
Bachelor's degree	225	85	145	3,215	1,480	1,735
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	35	0	35	480	210	270
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	10	0	100	60	45
Master's degree	65	35	30	1,120	580	540
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	10	0	150	100	50
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	2,585	1,280	1,305	10,440	4,915	5,525
No certificate, diploma or degree	525	265	260	340	165	175
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	450	210	240	2,805	1,335	1,465
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,610	800	805	7,295	3,420	3,880
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	860	500	365	860	665	195
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	665	345	320	385	250	135
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	200	155	45	470	415	60
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	410	175	235	2,395	985	1,415
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	45	20	25	445	175	265
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	285	105	180	3,600	1,595	2,005
Bachelor's degree	185	75	110	2,345	1,020	1,325
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	35	0	35	310	125	185
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	45	15	35
Master's degree	55	25	35	815	380	430
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	10	0	80	50	30
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	3,925	1,920	2,010	18,080	8,670	9,420
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	1,930	920	1,010	7,195	3,410	3,785
Education	145	40	100	1,000	210	790
13. Education	140	40	100	1,000	210	790
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	30	10	25	515	220	295
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	0	15	105	70	35
50. Visual and performing arts	20	10	10	410	155	260
Humanities	85	50	35	605	255	355
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	25	0	15
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	205	65	135
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	45	35	10	175	110	70
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	10	25	10	20
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	10	10	30	20	15
54. History	10	0	0	100	50	55
55. French language and literature/letters	25	10	15	35	10	30
Social and behavioural sciences and law	175	40	135	1,290	400	890
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	0	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	0	10	170	25	145
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	60	0	60	150	0	150
22. Legal professions and studies	20	10	10	230	75	155
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	20	0	15	10	0	0
42. Psychology	25	0	20	240	50	190
45. Social sciences	30	20	10	485	240	240
Business, management and public administration	380	75	300	2,440	1,125	1,315
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	20	10	15	85	15	75
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	360	75	280	2,340	1,105	1,235
Physical and life sciences and technologies	30	15	15	435	235	200
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	135	70	70
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	10	0	120	50	70
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	15	10	10	10	0	15
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	145	115	30
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	0	20	10	15
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	55	40	10	280	170	110
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	50	35	10	200	140	65
25. Library science	10	10	0	20	0	15
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	60	30	30
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	585	550	35	2,065	1,910	150
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	10	80	65	15
14. Engineering	20	20	0	565	490	75
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	90	80	15	435	395	40
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	150	150	0	405	395	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	190	185	10	380	365	15
48. Precision production	120	120	0	210	205	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	75	65	15	150	90	60
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	20	10	10	75	45	35
03. Natural resources and conservation	50	50	0	70	45	20
Health and related fields	270	35	235	1,530	320	1,215
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	10	10	0	160	60	100
51. Health professions and related programs	260	35	230	1,360	240	1,110
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	15	15	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	175	75	95	580	320	255
12. Personal and culinary services	90	15	70	290	60	225
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	20	20	0	80	60	15
49. Transportation and materials moving	70	50	20	195	190	10
Other	10	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	10	10	0	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	2,585	1,280	1,305	10,440	4,920	5,525
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	975	475	495	3,145	1,500	1,645
Education	100	30	75	620	110	510
13. Education	105	30	75	620	110	510
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	25	0	20	385	150	235
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	0	10	60	40	20
50. Visual and performing arts	15	10	10	320	110	215
Humanities	60	40	25	430	175	260
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	140	40	100
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	35	25	0	125	75	50
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	0	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	20	0	15
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	0	0	30	15	15
54. History	10	0	0	85	45	40
55. French language and literature/letters	20	0	15	20	0	15
Social and behavioural sciences and law	135	25	110	975	280	690
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	0	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	10	0	140	25	115
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	55	0	60	105	0	105
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	10	195	45	140
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	15	0	20	10	0	0
42. Psychology	15	0	10	180	45	140
45. Social sciences	35	20	10	345	170	175
Business, management and public administration	300	60	240	1,715	805	910
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	15	10	10	50	10	40
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	285	55	230	1,665	795	865
Physical and life sciences and technologies	20	10	0	270	130	140
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	80	30	50
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	0	70	30	45
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	10
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	95	65	30
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10	15	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	55	40	10	215	135	85
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	50	35	15	180	125	55
25. Library science	0	10	0	15	0	15
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	20	10	15
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	500	465	30	1,305	1,180	125
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	10	55	50	15
14. Engineering	20	15	0	340	280	60
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	80	65	15	265	230	30
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	130	125	10	270	260	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	165	165	0	250	245	10
48. Precision production	90	90	0	130	125	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	50	40	10	105	55	50
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	10	0	10	60	30	35
03. Natural resources and conservation	40	35	0	45	20	25
Health and related fields	220	30	185	920	220	695
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	10	10	0	135	65	70
51. Health professions and related programs	210	25	185	780	155	625
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	0	10	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	150	65	85	355	190	170
12. Personal and culinary services	75	10	65	185	45	145
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	10	10	0	65	50	15
49. Transportation and materials moving	65	45	20	100	95	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	10
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	3,925	1,915	2,005	18,085	8,665	9,415
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,930	925	1,005	7,200	3,410	3,785
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	1,990	995	1,000	10,885	5,255	5,625
Location of study inside Canada	1,975	985	990	8,725	4,125	4,605
Same as province or territory of residence	1,955	975	985	6,525	3,040	3,485
Different than province or territory of residence	20	15	10	2,205	1,085	1,115
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	15	0	10	2,155	1,130	1,025
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	400	260	145
Philippines	0	0	0	95	30	65
India	0	0	0	45	15	25
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	525	275	245
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	205	100	105
France	10	0	0	35	10	25
Other	10	10	10	860	440	420
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	2,585	1,280	1,305	10,440	4,915	5,525
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	975	475	495	3,145	1,500	1,645
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	1,605	805	805	7,295	3,420	3,880
Location of study inside Canada	1,600	800	800	6,075	2,790	3,285
Same as province or territory of residence	1,590	790	800	4,770	2,165	2,605
Different than province or territory of residence	15	10	10	1,310	630	680
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	10	10	0	1,220	625	595
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	235	155	85
Philippines	0	0	0	70	25	45
India	0	0	0	25	10	20
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	185	105	80
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	190	90	100
France	10	0	0	30	15	20
Other	10	0	0	480	235	250
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	3,925	1,915	2,005	18,085	8,665	9,415
In the labour force	2,405	1,280	1,125	10,825	5,580	5,250
Employed	2,315	1,225	1,090	10,310	5,295	5,015
Unemployed	95	50	35	515	285	230
Not in the labour force	1,520	640	880	7,255	3,085	4,170
Participation rate	61.3	66.8	56.1	59.9	64.4	55.8
Employment rate	59.0	64.0	54.4	57.0	61.1	53.3
Unemployment rate	4.0	3.9	3.1	4.8	5.1	4.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	3,925	1,915	2,005	18,080	8,665	9,415
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	1,310	525	790	6,515	2,740	3,775
Worked	2,610	1,395	1,220	11,570	5,925	5,645
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	1,200	680	515	5,505	3,155	2,350
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	1,415	715	700	6,065	2,770	3,295
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.9	41.9	42.0	42.1	42.5	41.8
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	2,405	1,280	1,125	10,825	5,580	5,250
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	15	0	15	120	80	45
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	2,390	1,275	1,110	10,705	5,500	5,205
Employee	2,205	1,170	1,035	8,850	4,340	4,510
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	185	105	80	1,860	1,165	695
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	2,405	1,280	1,125	10,825	5,580	5,245
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	15	0	15	120	75	45
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	2,390	1,280	1,110	10,705	5,500	5,205
0 Management occupations	110	70	40	1,725	1,120	600
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	330	85	245	1,885	555	1,330
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	130	95	35	820	670	150
3 Health occupations	210	30	180	530	115	415
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	250	55	190	1,350	445	910
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	55	15	45	530	235	295
6 Sales and service occupations	390	150	245	2,370	990	1,375
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	505	460	45	1,210	1,135	80
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	20	20	0	165	135	30
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	385	290	95	120	95	30
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	2,405	1,280	1,120	10,825	5,580	5,250
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	15	0	10	120	75	45
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	2,390	1,280	1,115	10,705	5,500	5,205
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	40	40	0	95	65	35
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	10	10	0	45	35	10
22 Utilities	0	0	0	35	30	10
23 Construction	210	190	15	775	660	110
31-33 Manufacturing	660	475	185	470	330	145
41 Wholesale trade	45	25	15	520	345	170
44-45 Retail trade	225	95	135	1,215	585	640
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	105	70	40	870	605	265
51 Information and cultural industries	35	15	20	265	185	85
52 Finance and insurance	50	15	35	495	220	275
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	25	20	0	335	160	175
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	145	55	90	1,215	665	550
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	30	20	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	60	35	25	450	265	190
61 Educational services	140	45	95	960	280	675
62 Health care and social assistance	340	50	290	925	190	740
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	30	10	20	380	170	205
72 Accommodation and food services	110	35	75	595	200	395
81 Other services (except public administration)	90	45	45	510	210	305
91 Public administration	70	45	15	515	285	230
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	2,315	1,225	1,090	10,315	5,290	5,015
Worked at home	130	50	80	1,260	630	630
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	105	75	25
No fixed workplace address	205	155	45	1,205	860	340
Worked at usual place	1,980	1,020	960	7,745	3,730	4,015
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	1,975	1,015	955	7,745	3,730	4,015
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	795	470	325	3,390	1,340	2,050
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	275	105	170	4,265	2,330	1,935
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	905	440	465	40	35	10
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	50	30	15
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	2,180	1,180	1,005	8,950	4,590	4,355
Car, truck, van - as a driver	1,860	1,025	835	6,950	3,805	3,145
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	80	40	40	410	170	235
Public transit	10	10	10	805	315	490
Walked	195	80	115	520	150	370
Bicycle	25	20	10	90	45	50
Other method	10	0	0	165	95	75
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	2,180	1,175	1,010	8,945	4,590	4,360
Less than 15 minutes	830	450	375	2,245	870	1,375
15 to 29 minutes	860	425	430	2,010	1,070	935
30 to 44 minutes	360	200	155	2,215	1,300	915
45 to 59 minutes	70	50	20	1,310	730	585
60 minutes and over	70	50	20	1,170	615	550
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	2,180	1,180	1,010	8,950	4,590	4,360
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	130	100	35	755	485	265
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	475	320	155	1,730	1,110	615
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	770	410	360	2,230	1,155	1,075
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	315	110	200	1,795	760	1,035
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	105	15	85	1,195	525	675
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	395	215	175	1,245	550	695
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	2,670	1,425	1,250	11,900	6,070	5,825
Single responses	2,610	1,395	1,215	11,830	6,040	5,795
Official languages	2,605	1,390	1,215	11,710	5,960	5,750
English	45	25	25	11,675	5,950	5,720
French	2,560	1,370	1,190	30	0	25
Non-official languages	0	0	0	125	75	45
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	125	80	45
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	10	0	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	85	70	20
Chinese languages	0	0	0	90	70	20
Cantonese	0	0	0	15	10	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	75	60	20
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	65	30	30	65	35	35
English and French	60	30	35	10	0	10
English and non-official language	0	0	0	60	30	25
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	2,675	1,425	1,250	11,895	6,070	5,825
None	2,250	1,205	1,045	11,540	5,950	5,590
English	380	200	180	90	40	50
French	30	10	25	120	40	80
Non-official language	10	10	0	140	40	105
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	10	0	0	140	35	105
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	10	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	4,775	2,355	2,425	21,005	10,160	10,855
Non-movers	4,190	2,055	2,130	18,495	8,960	9,535
Movers	590	295	295	2,515	1,200	1,315
Non-migrants	280	135	140	1,350	620	730
Migrants	315	160	150	1,165	575	585
Internal migrants	310	160	155	1,045	530	515
Intraprovincial migrants	310	160	155	915	465	450
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	135	70	65
External migrants	10	0	0	110	45	70
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	4,535	2,210	2,320	20,405	9,895	10,510
Non-movers	2,805	1,380	1,425	13,480	6,590	6,890
Movers	1,725	830	895	6,925	3,305	3,625
Non-migrants	795	395	400	3,905	1,785	2,120
Migrants	930	430	500	3,025	1,520	1,505
Internal migrants	930	435	495	2,565	1,300	1,260
Intraprovincial migrants	915	430	490	2,280	1,155	1,125
Interprovincial migrants	10	0	10	285	140	140
External migrants	0	0	10	460	220	240

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Windsor [Population centre], Quebec and Tsawwassen [Population centre], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 22, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Windsor [Population centre], Quebec and Tsawwassen [Population centre], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Windsor [Population centre], Quebec and Tsawwassen [Population centre], British Columbia

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Windsor [Population centre], Quebec and Tsawwassen [Population centre], British Columbia