Census Profile, 2016 Census
Châteauguay [Population centre], Quebec and Russell [Population centre], Manitoba

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Châteauguay Quebec [Population centre]			Russell Manitoba [Population centre]
	Data quality , Châteauguay [Population centre], Quebec Map : Châteauguay [Population centre], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Russell [Population centre], Manitoba Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	71,164	...	...	1,395	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	66,445 ^r	...	...	1,371^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	7.1	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	29,154	...	...	691	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	28,226	...	...	619	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,438.2	...	...	923.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	49.48	...	...	1.51	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	71,160	34,770	36,390	1,395	645	745
0 to 14 years	12,705	6,565	6,145	235	105	130
0 to 4 years	4,175	2,115	2,060	90	40	50
5 to 9 years	4,425	2,320	2,110	70	30	40
10 to 14 years	4,105	2,135	1,970	75	30	45
15 to 64 years	45,935	22,640	23,295	775	390	390
15 to 19 years	4,260	2,200	2,060	70	35	35
20 to 24 years	4,380	2,300	2,080	75	30	40
25 to 29 years	3,745	1,805	1,940	80	45	40
30 to 34 years	4,140	2,090	2,050	80	45	40
35 to 39 years	4,675	2,195	2,475	85	35	45
40 to 44 years	4,365	2,095	2,275	80	40	35
45 to 49 years	4,670	2,275	2,395	75	40	40
50 to 54 years	5,560	2,755	2,805	95	50	40
55 to 59 years	5,650	2,760	2,890	80	40	40
60 to 64 years	4,485	2,165	2,320	70	30	40
65 years and over	12,520	5,570	6,950	385	160	225
65 to 69 years	3,900	1,855	2,045	90	40	50
70 to 74 years	3,165	1,470	1,695	70	25	45
75 to 79 years	2,355	1,020	1,335	65	30	35
80 to 84 years	1,680	725	955	50	25	25
85 years and over	1,425	500	920	110	40	70
85 to 89 years	955	375	580	60	20	40
90 to 94 years	370	110	260	40	15	25
95 to 99 years	90	15	75	10	0	10
100 years and over	5	0	10	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.9	18.9	16.9	16.8	16.3	17.4
15 to 64 years	64.6	65.1	64.0	55.6	60.5	52.3
65 years and over	17.6	16.0	19.1	27.6	24.8	30.2
85 years and over	2.0	1.4	2.5	7.9	6.2	9.4
Average age of the population	41.1	40.0	42.2	45.3	44.1	46.3
Median age of the population	41.9	40.6	43.2	45.2	43.9	46.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	28,225	...	...	620	...	...
Single-detached house	18,435	...	...	480	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	70	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	9,595	...	...	120	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,580	...	...	15	...	...
Row house	415	...	...	10	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,470	...	...	50	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	6,070	...	...	50	...	...
Other single-attached house	60	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	125	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	28,225	...	...	615	...	...
1 person	7,225	...	...	230	...	...
2 persons	9,860	...	...	210	...	...
3 persons	4,635	...	...	70	...	...
4 persons	4,220	...	...	75	...	...
5 or more persons	2,285	...	...	35	...	...
Number of persons in private households	70,210	...	...	1,350	...	...
Average household size	2.5	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	58,455	28,205	30,245	1,165	545	615
Married or living common law	34,415	17,180	17,235	705	360	350
Married	22,110	11,035	11,075	615	310	305
Living common law	12,305	6,145	6,165	95	50	45
Not married and not living common law	24,035	11,030	13,010	455	190	265
Never married	15,835	8,465	7,375	240	135	110
Separated	860	360	495	20	10	15
Divorced	3,920	1,465	2,450	55	20	35
Widowed	3,420	730	2,690	135	30	110
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	20,620	...	...	370	...	...
2 persons	10,185	...	...	220	...	...
3 persons	4,550	...	...	60	...	...
4 persons	4,095	...	...	65	...	...
5 or more persons	1,785	...	...	35	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	20,620	...	...	370	...	...
Total couple families	16,960	...	...	335	...	...
Married couples	10,815	...	...	285	...	...
Common-law couples	6,145	...	...	45	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	3,660	...	...	40	...	...
Female parent	2,810	...	...	30	...	...
Male parent	850	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	16,955	...	...	335	...	...
Couples without children	8,045	...	...	195	...	...
Couples with children	8,915	...	...	135	...	...
1 child	3,440	...	...	45	...	...
2 children	3,790	...	...	60	...	...
3 or more children	1,680	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	3,660	...	...	40	...	...
1 child	2,140	...	...	20	...	...
2 children	1,115	...	...	15	...	...
3 or more children	405	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	10,265	4,660	5,610	305	140	170
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	28,225	...	...	620	...	...
One-census-family households	19,885	...	...	365	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	7,790	...	...	195	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	12,095	...	...	175	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	365	...	...	0	...	...
Non-census-family households	7,980	...	...	250	...	...
One-person households	7,225	...	...	225	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	755	...	...	20	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	70,655	34,590	36,070	1,350	635	710
English only	6,035	2,915	3,120	1,310	615	700
French only	25,265	11,475	13,785	0	0	0
English and French	38,995	20,055	18,940	40	25	15
Neither English nor French	360	140	220	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	70,655	34,585	36,065	1,350	635	715
English	16,140	7,910	8,230	1,335	630	710
French	51,695	25,235	26,460	10	10	5
English and French	2,470	1,310	1,160	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	345	135	210	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	17,375	8,565	8,810	15	10	5
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	24.6	24.8	24.4	1.1	1.6	0.7
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	70,655	34,585	36,070	1,350	635	715
Single responses	68,680	33,605	35,075	1,315	620	695
Official languages	61,435	30,040	31,395	1,145	535	610
English	13,575	6,605	6,970	1,130	530	605
French	47,860	23,435	24,425	15	5	10
Non-official languages	7,245	3,565	3,685	165	85	85
Aboriginal languages	30	10	15	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Atikamekw	5	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	5	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	15	15	10	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	20	15	5	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	7,220	3,555	3,665	165	80	85
Afro-Asiatic languages	880	465	415	5	5	0
Berber languages	175	90	85	0	0	0
Kabyle	80	40	45	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	95	50	45	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	700	370	330	0	0	0
Amharic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Arabic	675	355	315	0	5	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	15	5	5	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	135	65	70	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	65	35	35	0	0	0
Vietnamese	65	30	35	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	110	35	75	70	35	35
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	5	5	10	0	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	20	10	10	0	0	0
Malay	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	65	20	50	60	35	25
Waray-Waray	5	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	260	125	135	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	235	110	120	5	5	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	25	10	15	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	20	10	5	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tamil	15	10	10	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	4,890	2,410	2,485	80	35	50
Albanian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Armenian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,385	660	725	45	20	25
Baltic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,380	660	720	45	15	25
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	110	60	55	0	0	0
Croatian	35	20	20	0	0	0
Czech	15	10	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Polish	255	115	140	5	0	5
Russian	820	395	425	0	0	0
Serbian	20	5	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	5	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	95	45	45	45	15	30
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	240	115	125	35	15	15
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	10	5	5	5	0	0
Dutch	40	15	20	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	180	85	95	30	10	15
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	145	80	65	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	410	215	195	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	260	135	125	0	0	0
Bengali	130	65	65	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	5	5	0	0	0
Hindi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	65	35	25	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Urdu	40	20	20	0	0	0
Iranian languages	150	80	70	0	0	0
Kurdish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	140	75	65	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,700	1,330	1,365	5	0	0
Catalan	0	5	0	0	0	0
Italian	545	300	240	0	0	0
Portuguese	230	105	125	0	0	0
Romanian	530	265	270	0	0	0
Spanish	1,390	660	730	5	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	5	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	395	190	205	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	15	10	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	25	10	15	0	0	0
Edo	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ewe	5	5	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	20	15	10	0	0	0
Ga	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	10	5	5	0	0	0
Lingala	25	15	15	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	70	30	35	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	60	25	35	0	0	0
Shona	5	5	0	0	0	0
Swahili	35	15	20	0	0	0
Wolof	15	10	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	5	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	100	45	50	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	5	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	300	150	150	0	0	5
Chinese languages	300	150	150	0	0	0
Cantonese	80	40	40	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	195	95	100	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	20	10	10	5	0	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Lao	10	5	10	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	105	45	60	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	55	25	30	0	0	0
Uyghur	50	20	25	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	80	35	40	0	5	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	0	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	70	35	35	5	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,975	985	990	40	10	20
English and French	1,110	545	565	5	0	0
English and non-official language	220	110	105	35	10	20
French and non-official language	505	255	250	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	140	75	65	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	70,655	34,590	36,065	1,350	635	715
Single responses	67,705	33,160	34,545	1,310	610	700
Official languages	63,835	31,280	32,555	1,270	590	680
English	15,305	7,505	7,805	1,270	590	680
French	48,525	23,775	24,750	0	0	0
Non-official languages	3,870	1,880	1,995	40	25	15
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,875	1,880	1,995	40	20	15
Afro-Asiatic languages	350	165	185	0	0	0
Berber languages	70	30	35	0	0	0
Kabyle	50	25	25	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	280	130	155	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	275	130	150	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	5	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	75	40	35	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	45	25	20	0	0	0
Vietnamese	30	15	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	5	5	25	10	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	5	0	25	10	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	95	45	55	5	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	95	40	50	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	5	0	0	0	0
Tamil	10	5	0	0	0	0
Telugu	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,890	1,405	1,485	10	5	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,035	510	530	15	5	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,035	510	525	10	5	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	85	50	40	0	0	0
Croatian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Czech	5	5	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	135	65	70	0	0	0
Russian	715	350	360	0	0	0
Serbian	10	5	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	60	30	30	10	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	5	5	5	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	25	10	15	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	45	20	25	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	245	120	125	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	155	75	80	0	0	0
Bengali	85	40	45	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	5	5	0	0	0
Hindi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	25	15	15	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Urdu	25	10	20	0	0	0
Iranian languages	85	45	45	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	85	45	40	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,530	740	795	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	115	60	60	0	0	0
Portuguese	105	45	55	0	0	0
Romanian	395	200	195	0	0	0
Spanish	915	430	485	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	5	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	75	40	40	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	5	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	0	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	15	10	15	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	0	5	0	0	0
Wolof	20	10	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	5	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	10	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	240	120	115	0	0	0
Chinese languages	235	125	110	0	0	0
Cantonese	55	30	25	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	165	80	80	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	10	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	5	5	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	75	35	40	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	35	15	20	0	0	0
Uyghur	35	20	15	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	30	15	20	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	5	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	2,945	1,430	1,520	45	25	15
English and French	1,165	560	605	5	0	0
English and non-official language	425	200	225	40	25	15
French and non-official language	1,035	490	545	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	320	175	145	0	0	5
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	70,655	34,585	36,065	1,350	640	715
None	58,780	28,735	30,045	1,250	590	665
English	4,985	2,445	2,545	25	10	10
French	4,085	2,020	2,065	0	0	0
Non-official language	2,050	1,010	1,045	70	30	40
Aboriginal	15	0	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	2,040	1,010	1,035	70	35	40
English and French	335	180	155	0	0	0
English and non-official language	190	85	105	0	0	0
French and non-official language	205	100	110	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	5	10	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	57,510	27,900	29,605	1,115	530	580
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	55,110	26,720	28,395	1,080	520	560
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,922	39,335	28,921	32,992	42,688	25,237
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	55,130	26,720	28,405	1,080	515	565
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,245	34,308	26,490	29,712	37,184	23,667
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	48,845	24,330	24,510	995	490	510
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,549	36,798	24,886	30,336	42,112	20,843
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	42,315	18,965	23,350	795	330	465
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,777	6,075	8,686	9,488	8,672	9,664
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	39,775	20,440	19,335	775	400	370
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,171	38,181	28,915	35,200	47,232	25,152
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	57,420	27,895	29,525	1,145	545	600
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	55,000	26,735	28,265	1,110	535	580
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,969	45,691	34,558	43,811	52,656	35,619
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	55,015	26,730	28,285	1,110	535	575
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,395	37,427	29,583	36,577	42,914	30,707
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	48,955	24,450	24,500	1,050	515	530
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,306	43,785	30,841	39,170	48,201	30,354
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	41,990	18,825	23,165	840	340	505
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,859	8,012	9,548	8,975	9,287	8,767
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	39,730	20,635	19,100	760	410	345
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,279	42,884	33,304	40,453	49,008	30,322
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	57,425	27,895	29,525	1,145	540	600
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	18,445	9,970	8,475	325	200	125
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	47,493	53,421	41,917	57,258	68,795	44,597
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	53,242	58,878	46,608	61,998	71,420	46,725
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	83.0	87.6	77.3	85.9	89.9	79.1
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	69.3	72.5	65.4	66.2	72.4	55.0
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	17.0	12.5	22.7	13.9	9.2	20.4
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	57,505	27,900	29,605	1,120	530	585
Without total income	2,395	1,180	1,215	35	15	20
With total income	55,115	26,720	28,390	1,080	520	560
Percentage with total income	95.8	95.8	95.9	96.4	98.1	95.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	6,710	2,925	3,780	100	45	60
$10,000 to $19,999	9,495	3,545	5,950	200	70	135
$20,000 to $29,999	8,420	3,510	4,910	195	70	125
$30,000 to $39,999	7,605	3,650	3,955	140	60	80
$40,000 to $49,999	6,975	3,475	3,500	90	45	45
$50,000 to $59,999	4,965	2,685	2,280	75	45	30
$60,000 to $69,999	3,530	2,060	1,470	60	30	25
$70,000 to $79,999	2,585	1,570	1,015	45	30	15
$80,000 to $89,999	1,675	1,020	655	40	25	10
$90,000 to $99,999	1,020	690	335	30	30	5
$100,000 and over	2,130	1,590	545	85	65	20
$100,000 to $149,999	1,615	1,205	410	70	50	15
$150,000 and over	515	380	130	20	20	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	57,505	27,900	29,605	1,115	535	585
Without after-tax income	2,375	1,180	1,200	35	15	20
With after-tax income	55,130	26,725	28,405	1,085	520	565
Percentage with after-tax income	95.9	95.8	95.9	97.3	97.2	96.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	7,020	2,980	4,045	105	45	60
$10,000 to $19,999	9,995	3,795	6,200	220	70	145
$20,000 to $29,999	10,295	4,465	5,830	220	85	135
$30,000 to $39,999	10,015	5,045	4,975	160	75	85
$40,000 to $49,999	7,345	3,865	3,485	105	60	45
$50,000 to $59,999	4,720	2,820	1,900	85	50	35
$60,000 to $69,999	2,740	1,650	1,090	70	50	20
$70,000 to $79,999	1,320	880	445	40	30	15
$80,000 and over	1,670	1,220	450	70	55	10
$80,000 to $89,999	650	470	185	30	20	5
$90,000 to $99,999	355	270	85	15	15	0
$100,000 and over	665	485	185	25	20	5
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	57,505	27,900	29,605	1,115	535	580
Without employment income	17,735	7,460	10,275	345	130	210
With employment income	39,775	20,445	19,335	775	400	375
Percentage with employment income	69.2	73.3	65.3	69.5	74.8	64.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	5,075	2,660	2,410	110	50	60
$5,000 to $9,999	2,905	1,230	1,670	50	20	30
$10,000 to $19,999	5,550	2,395	3,160	85	25	55
$20,000 to $29,999	4,870	2,140	2,735	95	40	55
$30,000 to $39,999	5,095	2,295	2,800	100	40	55
$40,000 to $49,999	4,545	2,270	2,275	75	35	40
$50,000 to $59,999	3,345	1,885	1,465	55	35	15
$60,000 to $69,999	2,570	1,590	985	35	30	10
$70,000 to $79,999	2,145	1,325	825	50	30	15
$80,000 and over	3,670	2,655	1,010	120	100	25
$80,000 to $89,999	1,260	845	420	20	15	5
$90,000 to $99,999	790	570	220	35	30	5
$100,000 and over	1,615	1,245	370	65	55	10
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	28,225	...	...	620	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	67,077	...	...	63,168	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	58,175	...	...	53,376	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	7,225	...	...	230	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,442	...	...	29,376	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	28,544	...	...	28,064	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	21,000	...	...	390	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	82,025	...	...	86,016	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	69,962	...	...	73,216	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	28,215	...	...	650	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	77,909	...	...	74,652	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	65,114	...	...	62,326	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	7,205	...	...	245	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	37,958	...	...	45,930	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,117	...	...	39,201	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	21,015	...	...	405	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	91,606	...	...	92,177	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	76,427	...	...	76,436	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	28,225	...	...	615	...	...
Under $5,000	220	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	305	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	705	...	...	20	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,030	...	...	35	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,265	...	...	45	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,050	...	...	35	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,300	...	...	35	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,360	...	...	30	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,360	...	...	30	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,400	...	...	20	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,410	...	...	30	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,370	...	...	55	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,100	...	...	35	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,010	...	...	40	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,775	...	...	35	...	...
$100,000 and over	7,575	...	...	165	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,230	...	...	50	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,920	...	...	40	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,650	...	...	40	...	...
$200,000 and over	775	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	28,225	...	...	615	...	...
Under $5,000	245	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	310	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	720	...	...	20	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,090	...	...	35	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,415	...	...	45	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,315	...	...	45	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,605	...	...	35	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,660	...	...	40	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,620	...	...	25	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,600	...	...	20	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,090	...	...	60	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,820	...	...	55	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,475	...	...	45	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,070	...	...	35	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,675	...	...	25	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,530	...	...	110	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,485	...	...	50	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,150	...	...	30	...	...
$150,000 and over	895	...	...	30	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	20,505	...	...	370	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	81,998	...	...	87,680	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	69,900	...	...	73,933	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	7,575	...	...	190	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,924	...	...	71,936	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	59,363	...	...	63,744	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	8,980	...	...	140	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	104,898	...	...	122,624	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	88,526	...	...	97,536	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	3,445	...	...	35	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	54,256	...	...	38,912	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,949	...	...	37,120	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	20,570	...	...	390	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	91,440	...	...	94,334	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,246	...	...	78,079	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	7,585	...	...	200	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,546	...	...	79,301	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	65,845	...	...	67,593	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	8,985	...	...	145	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	114,582	...	...	123,599	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	94,292	...	...	98,733	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,445	...	...	35	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	59,777	...	...	0	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,265	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	8,785	4,065	4,725	285	130	155
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	29,958	33,792	27,532	28,288	34,496	24,384
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	27,321	29,678	25,762	26,496	29,376	23,712
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	8,635	3,955	4,680	280	125	160
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	36,719	39,074	34,726	41,966	38,716	44,507
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	31,109	32,470	29,958	35,970	32,535	38,657
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	70,205	34,460	35,750	1,350	635	715
In the bottom half of the distribution	39,545	18,870	20,675	705	315	390
In the bottom decile	5,070	2,370	2,705	115	50	65
In the second decile	6,470	2,850	3,620	175	70	110
In the third decile	8,850	4,190	4,655	125	60	65
In the fourth decile	9,940	4,860	5,075	145	70	75
In the fifth decile	9,220	4,595	4,625	140	65	75
In the top half of the distribution	30,660	15,590	15,075	645	325	320
In the sixth decile	8,920	4,470	4,455	150	65	85
In the seventh decile	8,070	4,145	3,925	130	70	65
In the eighth decile	6,585	3,365	3,225	160	80	80
In the ninth decile	4,575	2,350	2,230	120	65	50
In the top decile	2,505	1,265	1,240	80	40	45
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	70,205	34,460	35,750	1,350	640	715
0 to 17 years	15,230	7,870	7,360	275	125	150
0 to 5 years	5,090	2,595	2,495	105	50	55
18 to 64 years	43,290	21,265	22,025	735	370	365
65 years and over	11,685	5,325	6,360	340	145	195
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	7,870	3,490	4,380	215	80	135
0 to 17 years	1,915	965	945	35	15	20
0 to 5 years	640	300	335	15	5	10
18 to 64 years	4,405	2,025	2,380	95	40	50
65 years and over	1,550	495	1,055	85	25	55
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	11.2	10.1	12.3	15.9	12.5	18.9
0 to 17 years (%)	12.6	12.3	12.8	12.7	12.0	13.3
0 to 5 years (%)	12.6	11.6	13.4	14.3	10.0	18.2
18 to 64 years (%)	10.2	9.5	10.8	12.9	10.8	13.7
65 years and over (%)	13.3	9.3	16.6	25.0	17.2	28.2
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	4,020	1,920	2,095	85	40	45
0 to 17 years	985	510	480	20	5	15
0 to 5 years	330	165	170	5	0	5
18 to 64 years	2,795	1,315	1,475	55	30	30
65 years and over	240	90	145	5	0	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.7	5.6	5.9	6.3	6.3	6.3
0 to 17 years (%)	6.5	6.5	6.5	7.3	4.0	10.0
0 to 5 years (%)	6.5	6.4	6.8	4.8	0.0	9.1
18 to 64 years (%)	6.5	6.2	6.7	7.5	8.1	8.2
65 years and over (%)	2.1	1.7	2.3	1.5	0.0	2.6
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	70,105	34,435	35,675	1,385	640	745
Official languages	69,760	34,275	35,475	1,390	645	745
English	44,775	22,900	21,870	1,390	640	745
French	63,775	31,415	32,360	70	40	30
Non-official languages	10,795	5,250	5,545	190	100	100
Aboriginal languages	65	40	25	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	10	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	60	45	20	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	60	40	20	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	10,730	5,205	5,525	190	100	95
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,405	690	715	10	0	0
Berber languages	150	80	75	0	0	0
Kabyle	115	55	55	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	35	20	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,305	640	665	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	10	0	0	0
Arabic	1,210	590	620	10	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	90	50	40	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	115	40	70	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	65	30	35	0	0	0
Vietnamese	45	15	35	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	165	40	130	85	40	50
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	35	10	30	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	120	25	95	85	40	45
Waray-Waray	0	0	10	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	650	315	330	20	10	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	580	280	300	20	15	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	85	45	40	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	45	30	15	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	45	25	15	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	7,260	3,590	3,670	75	35	45
Albanian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Armenian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,650	825	825	55	25	25
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,645	830	820	55	25	30
Belarusan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	95	60	35	0	0	0
Croatian	65	40	20	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Polish	280	130	155	0	0	0
Russian	1,165	570	595	0	0	0
Serbian	35	10	25	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	10	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	145	80	65	50	20	30
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	10	0	10	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	365	195	170	25	10	15
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	15	0	10	0	0	0
Dutch	40	25	15	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	305	165	135	20	10	15
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Swedish	0	0	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	20	15	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	215	135	80	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	650	340	310	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	460	260	205	0	0	0
Bengali	155	75	75	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	120	60	60	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	10	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	135	85	50	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Urdu	120	80	40	0	0	0
Iranian languages	205	85	110	0	0	0
Kurdish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pashto	10	10	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	190	75	110	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	4,685	2,265	2,425	0	0	0
Catalan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Italian	1,040	575	465	10	0	0
Portuguese	330	145	185	0	0	0
Romanian	595	295	300	0	0	0
Spanish	2,940	1,365	1,575	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	20	10	15	10	10	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	670	290	380	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Bamanankan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Edo	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lingala	165	70	90	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	55	25	25	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	70	30	40	0	0	0
Shona	0	10	0	0	0	0
Swahili	110	55	55	0	0	0
Wolof	55	25	35	0	0	0
Yoruba	20	10	15	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	225	85	135	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sign languages	120	60	65	0	0	0
American Sign Language	45	15	25	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	40	15	30	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	40	30	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	400	210	190	0	0	0
Chinese languages	395	210	185	0	0	0
Cantonese	110	55	55	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	290	150	140	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	35	20	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	10	0	10	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	110	45	65	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	10	0	10	0	0	0
Turkish	60	25	35	0	0	0
Uyghur	40	20	20	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages	90	45	40	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	75	40	35	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	70,110	34,430	35,675	1,385	645	745
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	68,235	33,550	34,680	1,260	575	690
Canadian citizens aged under 18	14,915	7,710	7,210	260	100	160
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	53,315	25,845	27,475	995	475	520
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	1,875	880	1,000	130	70	60
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	70,110	34,430	35,675	1,390	640	745
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	61,075	30,045	31,030	1,240	575	665
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	8,780	4,260	4,520	115	55	65
Before 1981	2,025	995	1,030	20	10	20
1981 to 1990	920	455	470	10	0	10
1991 to 2000	1,570	735	835	10	0	10
2001 to 2010	3,250	1,625	1,625	15	0	10
2001 to 2005	1,360	735	625	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	1,890	885	995	10	0	10
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	1,015	445	565	75	45	30
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	255	125	130	35	15	15
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	8,785	4,260	4,520	120	55	60
Under 5 years	895	460	440	10	0	10
5 to 14 years	1,500	760	740	20	0	15
15 to 24 years	1,600	665	935	30	20	10
25 to 44 years	4,235	2,135	2,100	45	20	25
45 years and over	550	240	310	15	10	10
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	8,785	4,260	4,525	115	55	65
Americas	2,680	1,200	1,485	15	10	10
Brazil	70	40	40	0	0	0
Colombia	190	90	95	0	0	0
El Salvador	145	75	75	0	0	0
Guyana	65	40	30	0	0	0
Haiti	310	125	185	0	0	0
Jamaica	255	90	165	0	0	0
Mexico	175	85	90	0	0	0
Peru	120	45	75	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	190	90	100	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	235	90	150	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	920	430	490	0	0	0
Europe	2,835	1,475	1,360	20	0	20
Bosnia and Herzegovina	15	10	0	0	0	0
Croatia	20	10	10	0	0	0
France	410	240	170	0	0	0
Germany	135	70	65	10	0	0
Greece	60	40	25	0	0	0
Hungary	40	30	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	15	15	10	0	0	0
Italy	230	145	90	0	0	0
Netherlands	40	15	20	0	0	0
Poland	180	75	105	0	0	0
Portugal	100	40	55	0	0	0
Romania	350	180	175	0	0	0
Russian Federation	290	140	145	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	15	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	230	125	105	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	210	80	125	15	0	10
Other places of birth in Europe	505	260	245	10	0	0
Africa	2,025	1,015	1,010	20	15	0
Algeria	325	170	155	0	0	0
Egypt	70	45	25	0	0	0
Ethiopia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kenya	15	0	15	0	0	0
Morocco	425	215	215	0	0	0
Nigeria	50	25	30	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	10	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	1,115	550	565	20	15	10
Asia	1,235	570	660	65	30	35
Afghanistan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	75	45	35	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	225	90	135	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	15	15	10	0	0	0
India	90	40	50	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	110	45	60	0	0	0
Iraq	10	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	85	45	40	0	0	0
Pakistan	50	40	15	0	0	0
Philippines	120	30	90	60	30	30
Sri Lanka	45	20	20	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	25	0	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	360	175	185	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	1,010	450	565	75	50	30
Americas	270	120	150	0	0	0
Brazil	0	10	10	0	0	0
Colombia	35	15	20	0	0	0
Cuba	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haiti	55	20	35	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	45	25	20	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	25	10	15	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	80	30	50	0	0	0
Europe	255	120	135	0	0	0
France	55	25	30	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	25	15	10	0	0	0
Romania	20	10	15	0	0	0
Russian Federation	55	25	30	0	0	0
Ukraine	55	25	25	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	30	15	15	0	0	0
Africa	340	140	200	20	15	10
Algeria	15	10	10	0	0	0
Cameroon	100	45	55	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	20	15	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	15	10	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	15	0	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	15	0	10	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	35	15	20	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	135	45	90	20	15	0
Asia	150	70	80	55	35	25
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	10	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	30	10	25	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	10	10	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	0	10	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	30	10	20	55	30	25
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	10	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	60	35	25	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	70,110	34,430	35,680	1,385	645	745
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	9,140	4,460	4,685	155	75	75
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	8,295	4,240	4,055	165	65	100
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	52,670	25,730	26,940	1,070	500	565
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	6,840	3,295	3,545	95	50	45
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	3,630	1,865	1,765	90	45	40
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	1,615	955	660	35	15	15
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	2,015	910	1,105	55	25	30
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	1,840	760	1,080	10	0	0
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	1,245	605	640	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	130	65	60	0	0	10
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	70,110	34,430	35,675	1,390	640	745
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	1,465	740	725	200	70	130
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	1,415	720	695	195	65	125
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	975	515	460	20	0	20
Métis	420	190	235	170	65	95
Inuk (Inuit)	15	15	10	10	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	40	20	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	68,640	33,690	34,950	1,185	575	615
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	70,110	34,430	35,675	1,390	645	745
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	770	405	360	25	0	25
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	69,340	34,020	35,320	1,365	645	720
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	70,105	34,430	35,675	1,390	645	745
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	695	325	370	85	25	60
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	690	325	370	80	25	55
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	575	255	320	10	0	10
Métis single ancestry	110	65	40	60	25	40
Inuit single ancestry	0	10	10	10	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	2,715	1,405	1,305	135	65	70
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	2,685	1,385	1,300	135	65	65
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,380	1,230	1,150	35	15	20
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	285	140	140	95	45	45
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	15	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	30	20	10	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	20	10	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	66,700	32,700	34,005	1,170	550	615
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	70,105	34,435	35,680	1,385	640	745
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	9,310	4,625	4,685	125	65	60
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	775	460	315	0	0	0
Chinese	530	270	260	0	0	0
Black	4,435	2,185	2,240	25	10	10
Filipino	195	75	120	90	35	50
Latin American	1,335	650	685	0	0	0
Arab	1,250	640	615	10	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	170	60	105	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	195	75	125	0	0	0
Korean	0	10	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	10	0	10	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	140	70	70	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	275	135	145	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	60,795	29,805	30,995	1,265	580	685
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	70,110	34,430	35,675	1,390	640	745
North American Aboriginal origins	3,405	1,730	1,675	220	90	130
First Nations (North American Indian)	2,985	1,505	1,485	45	15	30
Inuit	35	20	10	10	0	15
Métis	420	230	185	165	70	90
Other North American origins	40,975	19,815	21,165	280	125	155
Acadian	430	185	245	0	0	0
American	500	235	265	10	0	0
Canadian	38,855	18,780	20,080	270	120	150
New Brunswicker	10	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	25	10	20	0	0	0
Québécois	1,965	1,010	950	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	31,100	15,500	15,590	1,115	530	585
British Isles origins	12,355	5,990	6,370	610	315	290
Channel Islander	0	0	10	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	4,575	2,255	2,320	420	240	180
Irish	7,105	3,475	3,630	235	125	110
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	3,905	1,815	2,085	220	115	100
Welsh	250	125	130	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	655	275	380	10	0	10
French origins	15,555	7,835	7,720	185	75	110
Alsatian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Breton	115	50	65	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	15,465	7,805	7,660	190	75	110
Western European origins (except French origins)	2,715	1,355	1,360	410	180	235
Austrian	190	125	70	45	10	40
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	395	180	215	10	0	10
Dutch	310	160	155	75	30	40
Flemish	15	10	10	0	0	0
Frisian	10	10	0	0	0	0
German	1,715	840	875	325	145	180
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	235	125	110	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	330	160	165	55	20	30
Danish	60	40	20	10	0	10
Finnish	60	30	30	15	10	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	20	10	10
Norwegian	85	30	60	10	0	10
Swedish	70	35	35	15	10	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	65	30	40	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	3,400	1,780	1,620	510	230	280
Bulgarian	140	85	55	0	0	0
Byelorussian	95	45	50	0	0	0
Czech	50	30	20	25	10	15
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	35	15	20	20	15	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	235	130	105	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Moldovan	105	55	45	0	0	0
Polish	940	505	440	105	35	70
Romanian	675	325	355	10	10	0
Russian	905	475	435	25	10	20
Slovak	40	20	15	0	10	0
Ukrainian	780	450	330	390	180	210
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	5,390	2,715	2,665	15	15	10
Albanian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	110	45	65	0	0	0
Cypriot	25	15	10	0	0	0
Greek	480	270	210	0	0	0
Italian	3,280	1,640	1,645	10	10	0
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	15	10	10	0	0	0
Portuguese	635	275	360	0	0	0
Serbian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Sicilian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Spanish	1,065	585	485	15	10	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	320	140	180	10	10	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	245	105	140	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	65	30	35	0	10	0
Caribbean origins	2,760	1,335	1,425	0	0	10
Antiguan	45	15	30	0	0	0
Bahamian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	375	170	205	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cuban	80	50	25	0	0	0
Dominican	115	45	75	0	0	0
Grenadian	85	40	45	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	755	335	420	0	0	0
Jamaican	675	345	330	10	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	20	0	10	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	10	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	45	20	20	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	305	125	185	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	280	135	140	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	235	125	105	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	105	45	65	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	1,845	945	900	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	25	10	20	0	0	0
Arawak	15	10	10	0	0	0
Argentinian	30	10	15	0	0	0
Belizean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bolivian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	55	25	25	0	0	0
Chilean	95	55	40	0	0	0
Colombian	230	125	110	0	0	0
Costa Rican	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	195	90	110	0	0	0
Guyanese	80	60	25	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	70	30	35	0	0	0
Maya	45	20	20	0	0	0
Mexican	345	175	170	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	75	50	25	0	0	0
Panamanian	35	30	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	275	135	140	0	0	0
Salvadorean	215	100	120	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Venezuelan	45	15	30	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	115	50	65	0	0	0
African origins	3,325	1,715	1,610	15	10	0
Central and West African origins	995	535	460	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	15	0	10	0	0	0
Beninese	25	10	15	0	0	0
Burkinabe	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cameroonian	290	160	125	0	0	0
Chadian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Congolese	275	130	140	0	0	0
Edo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	30	20	10	0	0	0
Guinean	95	60	30	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	55	35	20	0	0	0
Liberian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	70	35	30	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	80	35	45	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	15	15	10	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	10	10	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	65	35	30	0	0	0
North African origins	1,310	705	605	0	0	0
Algerian	385	210	170	0	0	0
Berber	140	65	80	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	120	75	50	0	0	0
Libyan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	560	290	270	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	145	75	70	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	450	235	210	15	10	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Burundian	60	35	30	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	25	15	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	70	30	35	15	10	10
Mauritian	40	20	20	10	10	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	155	90	65	0	0	0
Seychellois	25	10	15	0	0	0
Somali	10	10	10	0	0	0
South African	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	40	15	25	10	0	10
Other African origins	635	280	360	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	140	65	75	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	555	240	320	0	0	0
Asian origins	3,230	1,635	1,595	120	65	55
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,250	650	600	10	10	0
Afghan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	355	170	180	0	0	0
Armenian	55	30	30	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	205	95	110	0	0	0
Iraqi	10	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	85	60	25	0	0	0
Jordanian	20	10	10	10	0	10
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	40	25	20	0	0	0
Lebanese	255	125	125	0	0	0
Palestinian	30	20	10	10	0	10
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	65	35	30	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	20	0	15	0	0	0
Turk	110	65	50	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	35	20	10	0	0	0
Uzbek	15	0	15	0	0	0
Yemeni	10	0	10	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	10	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	920	530	390	10	10	0
Bangladeshi	105	55	50	0	0	0
Bengali	25	10	10	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	590	330	265	15	15	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	125	90	35	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	60	35	25	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	25	15	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,200	555	650	95	45	50
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	80	30	45	0	0	0
Chinese	765	395	370	0	0	0
Filipino	285	115	170	85	40	45
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	40	10	30	10	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	25	10	15	0	0	0
Laotian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	100	30	70	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Oceania origins	15	10	10	0	0	0
Australian	20	0	10	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	28,215	...	...	650	...	...
Owner	21,185	...	...	490	...	...
Renter	7,030	...	...	165	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	28,215	...	...	655	...	...
Condominium	1,910	...	...	25	...	...
Not condominium	26,305	...	...	625	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	28,215	...	...	650	...	...
No bedrooms	55	...	...	10	...	...
1 bedroom	2,700	...	...	30	...	...
2 bedrooms	7,285	...	...	185	...	...
3 bedrooms	10,875	...	...	250	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	7,305	...	...	180	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	28,215	...	...	655	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	6,635	...	...	105	...	...
5 rooms	4,385	...	...	130	...	...
6 rooms	4,085	...	...	115	...	...
7 rooms	4,520	...	...	100	...	...
8 or more rooms	8,590	...	...	200	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.4	...	...	6.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	28,215	...	...	650	...	...
One person or fewer per room	28,060	...	...	650	...	...
More than 1 person per room	160	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	28,215	...	...	650	...	...
Suitable	27,535	...	...	635	...	...
Not suitable	685	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	28,215	...	...	650	...	...
1960 or before	5,775	...	...	210	...	...
1961 to 1980	10,000	...	...	240	...	...
1981 to 1990	3,820	...	...	85	...	...
1991 to 2000	2,480	...	...	55	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,530	...	...	15	...	...
2006 to 2010	2,630	...	...	20	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	1,980	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	28,215	...	...	650	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	26,595	...	...	630	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,620	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	28,215	...	...	650	...	...
1 household maintainer	16,505	...	...	400	...	...
2 household maintainers	11,320	...	...	240	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	385	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	28,215	...	...	650	...	...
15 to 24 years	655	...	...	20	...	...
25 to 34 years	3,515	...	...	70	...	...
35 to 44 years	4,680	...	...	115	...	...
45 to 54 years	5,910	...	...	115	...	...
55 to 64 years	5,920	...	...	65	...	...
65 to 74 years	4,235	...	...	105	...	...
75 to 84 years	2,455	...	...	60	...	...
85 years and over	835	...	...	100	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	28,180	...	...	650	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	22,405	...	...	545	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	5,775	...	...	110	...	...
30% to less than 100%	5,225	...	...	85	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	21,170	...	...	490	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	67.4	...	...	44.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	14.7	...	...	7.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,149	...	...	515	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,157	...	...	729	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	240,252	...	...	174,677	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	261,270	...	...	185,807	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	7,030	...	...	165	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	13.3	...	...	27.3	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	38.0	...	...	42.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	729	...	...	742	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	771	...	...	830	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	57,425	27,895	29,530	1,140	545	600
No certificate, diploma or degree	11,685	5,890	5,795	295	150	145
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	15,720	7,475	8,245	325	160	165
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	30,020	14,530	15,490	525	235	295
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	10,980	6,545	4,435	145	90	50
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	7,655	4,000	3,660	95	55	40
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	3,325	2,545	775	50	35	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	9,775	4,035	5,740	180	50	130
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,690	725	965	45	20	20
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	7,570	3,220	4,355	155	65	90
Bachelor's degree	5,325	2,155	3,175	125	60	65
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	860	420	440	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	150	75	75	15	0	15
Master's degree	1,120	495	625	20	0	10
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	115	80	40	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	37,005	18,030	18,970	620	305	320
No certificate, diploma or degree	4,580	2,520	2,060	80	50	30
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	9,385	4,625	4,760	180	90	90
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	23,035	10,890	12,150	365	165	205
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	8,440	4,895	3,550	95	70	30
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	5,890	2,950	2,940	65	45	20
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,555	1,945	610	30	20	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	7,055	2,860	4,195	145	45	100
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,235	530	710	20	0	10
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,305	2,610	3,695	105	45	55
Bachelor's degree	4,470	1,810	2,665	85	40	35
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	695	310	385	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	125	60	60	10	0	10
Master's degree	935	385	545	20	10	10
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	85	45	40	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	57,420	27,895	29,530	1,145	545	600
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	27,400	13,365	14,035	620	310	305
Education	2,045	400	1,645	55	15	40
13. Education	2,040	400	1,640	55	15	40
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,095	545	550	15	10	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	200	170	35	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	895	380	515	15	10	10
Humanities	1,305	525	780	0	0	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	155	30	125	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	80	30	50	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	720	305	415	10	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	40	25	10	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	95	55	35	0	0	0
54. History	60	35	25	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	155	45	115	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,760	800	1,955	45	20	25
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	25	10	15	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	235	85	150	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	755	50	705	30	0	25
22. Legal professions and studies	435	145	290	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	40	25	20	10	10	0
42. Psychology	340	80	255	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	935	410	530	10	10	0
Business, management and public administration	6,485	2,035	4,455	85	20	65
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	10	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	270	45	225	10	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	6,210	1,990	4,220	80	20	55
Physical and life sciences and technologies	875	555	320	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	225	125	100	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	185	120	60	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	110	50	55	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	275	195	80	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	80	60	20	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,125	835	295	10	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	980	760	220	0	0	10
25. Library science	40	0	30	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	95	60	40	10	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	7,340	6,760	580	125	125	0
04. Architecture and related services	165	80	90	0	0	0
14. Engineering	835	665	175	10	10	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,340	1,205	135	35	35	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,955	1,875	85	45	40	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,800	1,750	45	35	30	0
48. Precision production	1,240	1,195	45	0	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	365	190	180	20	15	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	315	165	150	25	20	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	50	25	25	0	0	0
Health and related fields	4,105	620	3,485	120	15	100
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	205	100	105	10	10	0
51. Health professions and related programs	3,895	510	3,380	100	10	95
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	0	0	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,515	1,260	1,255	45	10	35
12. Personal and culinary services	1,390	305	1,090	45	10	35
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	15	15	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	535	410	125	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	575	535	45	10	0	0
Other	0	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	10	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	37,005	18,035	18,970	620	300	320
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	13,965	7,140	6,820	255	135	115
Education	1,305	215	1,090	30	10	25
13. Education	1,305	215	1,095	30	10	25
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	830	410	420	15	10	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	145	120	25	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	685	285	395	15	10	10
Humanities	830	345	485	10	0	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	120	25	95	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	65	25	45	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	415	200	215	0	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	15	10	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	45	35	15	0	0	0
54. History	40	20	20	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	120	35	80	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,235	635	1,595	25	10	20
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	10	10	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	180	65	115	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	610	30	580	15	0	20
22. Legal professions and studies	370	130	245	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	25	15	0	10	0	0
42. Psychology	270	65	200	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	765	325	440	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	5,245	1,570	3,670	60	10	45
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	230	35	195	0	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	5,010	1,530	3,475	50	10	45
Physical and life sciences and technologies	540	350	195	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	175	80	90	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	105	80	25	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	10	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	195	140	55	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	60	45	20	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	960	705	260	0	10	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	870	665	205	0	0	10
25. Library science	20	0	20	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	55	25	35	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	5,575	5,040	535	95	90	10
04. Architecture and related services	150	65	85	0	0	0
14. Engineering	735	570	165	10	10	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,065	950	115	25	25	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,395	1,325	70	25	25	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,310	1,255	50	30	30	0
48. Precision production	915	870	40	0	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	280	150	130	15	15	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	250	130	120	20	10	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	30	20	10	0	0	0
Health and related fields	3,265	475	2,790	75	10	60
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	160	75	85	10	10	0
51. Health professions and related programs	3,100	395	2,705	60	10	60
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	10	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,975	995	975	40	10	35
12. Personal and culinary services	1,080	245	835	45	10	30
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	390	285	105	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	495	460	35	0	0	0
Other	0	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	57,425	27,895	29,525	1,145	540	600
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	27,405	13,365	14,035	620	310	305
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	30,020	14,530	15,490	525	230	290
Location of study inside Canada	27,175	13,020	14,160	440	195	240
Same as province or territory of residence	26,540	12,635	13,910	325	145	180
Different than province or territory of residence	630	385	250	115	55	60
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	2,845	1,510	1,335	85	30	50
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	125	80	45	10	10	10
Philippines	55	20	40	50	20	25
India	20	20	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	75	40	30	10	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	100	50	45	0	0	0
France	320	195	125	0	0	0
Other	2,145	1,105	1,040	20	10	10
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	37,005	18,035	18,970	620	300	320
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	13,965	7,145	6,820	255	140	120
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	23,035	10,890	12,150	365	165	200
Location of study inside Canada	20,680	9,670	11,005	295	135	155
Same as province or territory of residence	20,230	9,400	10,825	220	95	120
Different than province or territory of residence	440	265	175	75	40	35
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	2,360	1,220	1,145	75	30	45
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	105	70	40	10	0	10
Philippines	50	15	35	45	20	25
India	20	20	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	45	30	20	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	80	35	45	0	0	0
France	265	150	110	0	0	0
Other	1,790	900	890	20	10	10
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	57,420	27,895	29,525	1,145	545	600
In the labour force	36,750	18,860	17,895	670	370	300
Employed	33,930	17,290	16,635	645	355	290
Unemployed	2,825	1,570	1,255	30	20	10
Not in the labour force	20,670	9,035	11,630	475	175	300
Participation rate	64.0	67.6	60.6	58.5	67.9	50.0
Employment rate	59.1	62.0	56.3	56.3	65.1	48.3
Unemployment rate	7.7	8.3	7.0	4.5	5.4	3.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	57,420	27,895	29,525	1,145	545	600
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	19,950	8,610	11,340	430	155	275
Worked	37,475	19,290	18,190	715	385	330
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	18,760	10,210	8,550	330	200	125
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	18,715	9,075	9,640	390	185	205
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.4	43.7	43.1	41.7	42.5	40.7
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	36,750	18,855	17,895	670	370	300
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,040	515	525	0	0	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	35,715	18,345	17,370	670	360	300
Employee	32,350	16,285	16,065	595	315	270
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	3,360	2,055	1,305	70	45	25
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	36,750	18,855	17,895	670	370	300
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,040	515	525	10	0	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	35,710	18,340	17,370	665	365	300
0 Management occupations	3,280	2,065	1,220	65	40	20
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	6,325	1,710	4,615	75	30	50
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,835	1,480	360	20	25	0
3 Health occupations	2,660	425	2,240	30	0	35
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	3,805	850	2,955	70	10	60
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	830	425	405	10	0	10
6 Sales and service occupations	8,745	3,945	4,800	185	65	115
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	6,185	5,865	315	140	130	10
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	350	285	65	45	45	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,695	1,290	410	25	30	0
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	36,750	18,855	17,895	670	370	300
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,040	515	525	10	10	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	35,710	18,345	17,370	665	365	300
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	225	125	95	35	35	10
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	80	70	10	45	45	0
22 Utilities	375	295	80	0	0	0
23 Construction	2,585	2,260	325	65	65	10
31-33 Manufacturing	3,675	2,765	910	65	55	10
41 Wholesale trade	1,675	1,110	560	10	10	10
44-45 Retail trade	4,655	2,220	2,435	90	35	55
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,630	1,935	700	20	25	0
51 Information and cultural industries	850	485	365	10	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	1,610	515	1,095	30	0	20
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	600	335	260	10	10	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,850	950	900	15	0	15
55 Management of companies and enterprises	15	0	15	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,640	1,085	555	20	0	15
61 Educational services	2,390	605	1,790	65	10	55
62 Health care and social assistance	5,065	785	4,280	60	10	50
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	680	340	335	10	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	2,055	815	1,240	75	25	50
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,540	775	765	30	20	10
91 Public administration	1,525	865	660	20	10	10
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	33,930	17,290	16,635	640	350	290
Worked at home	1,705	765	940	25	10	15
Worked outside Canada	100	75	20	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	3,155	2,480	675	105	85	20
Worked at usual place	28,965	13,965	15,005	510	255	255
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	28,970	13,965	15,000	515	255	255
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	7,125	2,895	4,225	365	165	205
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	4,005	1,690	2,315	55	30	25
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	17,805	9,355	8,450	45	20	25
Commute to a different province or territory	40	20	15	45	40	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	32,120	16,445	15,675	615	340	275
Car, truck, van - as a driver	25,965	14,095	11,870	495	300	195
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,275	455	815	25	10	15
Public transit	3,525	1,255	2,270	0	0	0
Walked	940	380	560	80	15	60
Bicycle	180	135	45	15	10	10
Other method	230	120	110	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	32,125	16,445	15,675	620	345	280
Less than 15 minutes	7,790	3,285	4,500	365	150	215
15 to 29 minutes	7,940	4,130	3,815	125	95	30
30 to 44 minutes	7,845	4,445	3,400	65	50	20
45 to 59 minutes	4,400	2,480	1,920	30	30	0
60 minutes and over	4,150	2,110	2,040	30	25	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	32,120	16,445	15,680	615	340	275
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	3,765	2,770	995	35	30	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	6,910	3,880	3,030	100	95	0
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	8,440	3,655	4,780	160	95	65
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	4,595	1,715	2,885	190	60	130
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	2,840	1,155	1,685	50	20	30
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	5,580	3,280	2,300	85	45	40
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	38,495	19,730	18,760	740	395	345
Single responses	33,925	17,445	16,485	735	390	345
Official languages	33,850	17,415	16,440	740	390	345
English	6,505	3,210	3,295	740	390	345
French	27,345	14,200	13,145	0	0	0
Non-official languages	75	35	45	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	75	30	45	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	45	10	30	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	20	0	20	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Romanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	15	10	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	10	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
Cantonese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	10	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	4,570	2,290	2,280	10	0	0
English and French	4,385	2,195	2,195	10	0	0
English and non-official language	50	40	15	0	0	0
French and non-official language	55	25	30	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	75	30	45	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	38,495	19,735	18,765	740	395	345
None	21,225	10,930	10,295	730	395	335
English	13,035	6,700	6,335	0	0	0
French	3,750	1,860	1,895	10	0	10
Non-official language	300	175	125	0	0	0
Aboriginal	20	10	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	285	165	120	0	0	0
English and French	10	0	10	0	0	0
English and non-official language	115	40	75	0	0	0
French and non-official language	55	20	40	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	69,315	34,045	35,270	1,380	645	740
Non-movers	63,150	31,065	32,080	1,305	610	695
Movers	6,170	2,980	3,190	75	35	45
Non-migrants	2,650	1,265	1,385	15	10	10
Migrants	3,520	1,715	1,805	60	25	35
Internal migrants	3,290	1,590	1,695	25	15	10
Intraprovincial migrants	3,220	1,555	1,670	20	15	10
Interprovincial migrants	60	35	25	0	0	0
External migrants	235	120	105	35	10	25
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	65,905	32,340	33,570	1,305	610	690
Non-movers	44,845	22,100	22,750	900	405	495
Movers	21,060	10,235	10,820	405	210	195
Non-migrants	9,265	4,480	4,785	135	65	70
Migrants	11,790	5,760	6,035	270	140	125
Internal migrants	10,880	5,330	5,545	180	90	95
Intraprovincial migrants	10,575	5,180	5,400	120	60	65
Interprovincial migrants	300	155	150	60	30	35
External migrants	905	425	480	90	55	35

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Châteauguay [Population centre], Quebec and Russell [Population centre], Manitoba (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 17, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Châteauguay [Population centre], Quebec and Russell [Population centre], Manitoba

Census Profile, 2016 Census Châteauguay [Population centre], Quebec and Russell [Population centre], Manitoba

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Châteauguay [Population centre], Quebec and Russell [Population centre], Manitoba