Census Profile, 2016 Census
Falmouth, Class IV area [Designated place], Nova Scotia and Niagara Falls [Federal electoral district], Ontario

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Falmouth, CFA Nova Scotia [Designated place]			Niagara Falls Ontario [Federal electoral district]
	Data quality , Falmouth, Class IV area [Designated place], Nova Scotia Map : Falmouth, Class IV area [Designated place], Nova Scotia Change geography 1			Data quality : Niagara Falls [Federal electoral district], Ontario Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	1,368	...	...	136,292	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	1,213	...	...	128,357	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	12.8	...	...	6.2	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	563	...	...	60,574	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	544	...	...	56,046	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	262.3	...	...	267.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	5.21	...	...	508.81	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	1,365	660	710	136,295	66,065	70,230
0 to 14 years	245	125	115	19,595	10,055	9,535
0 to 4 years	75	40	30	5,920	3,025	2,895
5 to 9 years	90	50	40	6,645	3,405	3,240
10 to 14 years	80	35	45	7,025	3,625	3,400
15 to 64 years	870	415	455	86,150	42,130	44,020
15 to 19 years	90	50	35	7,625	3,905	3,715
20 to 24 years	55	20	30	7,705	3,975	3,735
25 to 29 years	40	20	15	6,995	3,570	3,420
30 to 34 years	80	30	50	6,915	3,365	3,550
35 to 39 years	95	45	45	7,155	3,430	3,730
40 to 44 years	105	50	60	7,975	3,810	4,160
45 to 49 years	95	50	50	9,070	4,400	4,665
50 to 54 years	120	60	60	10,815	5,280	5,535
55 to 59 years	95	45	55	11,140	5,275	5,860
60 to 64 years	95	40	50	10,765	5,115	5,645
65 years and over	255	115	140	30,555	13,880	16,670
65 to 69 years	75	25	50	9,950	4,735	5,215
70 to 74 years	75	40	30	7,250	3,520	3,730
75 to 79 years	55	25	30	5,140	2,400	2,740
80 to 84 years	25	15	20	3,905	1,695	2,210
85 years and over	20	10	15	4,305	1,535	2,770
85 to 89 years	15	5	10	2,665	1,045	1,615
90 to 94 years	5	0	5	1,290	410	880
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	310	80	235
100 years and over	0	0	0	35	0	30
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.9	18.9	16.2	14.4	15.2	13.6
15 to 64 years	63.7	62.9	64.1	63.2	63.8	62.7
65 years and over	18.7	17.4	19.7	22.4	21.0	23.7
85 years and over	1.5	1.5	2.1	3.2	2.3	3.9
Average age of the population	42.2	41.4	43.0	44.7	43.6	45.8
Median age of the population	43.8	43.2	44.2	47.3	46.0	48.5
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	545	...	...	56,045	...	...
Single-detached house	515	...	...	40,445	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	1,730	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	25	...	...	13,785	...	...
Semi-detached house	15	...	...	2,615	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	3,365	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	5	...	...	1,805	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	10	...	...	5,890	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	115	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	0	...	...	80	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	545	...	...	56,050	...	...
1 person	115	...	...	15,325	...	...
2 persons	200	...	...	21,210	...	...
3 persons	100	...	...	8,525	...	...
4 persons	90	...	...	7,040	...	...
5 or more persons	35	...	...	3,950	...	...
Number of persons in private households	1,365	...	...	133,135	...	...
Average household size	2.5	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	1,120	530	595	116,705	56,005	60,690
Married or living common law	775	390	390	66,630	33,340	33,295
Married	670	335	335	56,655	28,345	28,305
Living common law	105	55	55	9,980	4,990	4,990
Not married and not living common law	350	145	205	50,065	22,670	27,400
Never married	200	95	110	28,945	15,780	13,160
Separated	25	10	20	4,180	1,770	2,405
Divorced	50	15	35	8,220	3,320	4,895
Widowed	65	25	45	8,740	1,800	6,935
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	430	...	...	39,950	...	...
2 persons	220	...	...	22,275	...	...
3 persons	100	...	...	8,240	...	...
4 persons	85	...	...	6,655	...	...
5 or more persons	30	...	...	2,775	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	435	...	...	39,955	...	...
Total couple families	385	...	...	32,510	...	...
Married couples	335	...	...	27,525	...	...
Common-law couples	55	...	...	4,990	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	40	...	...	7,440	...	...
Female parent	30	...	...	5,910	...	...
Male parent	10	...	...	1,530	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	385	...	...	32,510	...	...
Couples without children	195	...	...	17,610	...	...
Couples with children	195	...	...	14,900	...	...
1 child	90	...	...	6,215	...	...
2 children	75	...	...	6,095	...	...
3 or more children	30	...	...	2,585	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	45	...	...	7,440	...	...
1 child	25	...	...	4,665	...	...
2 children	10	...	...	2,030	...	...
3 or more children	10	...	...	745	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	150	55	95	22,410	10,135	12,270
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	545	...	...	56,045	...	...
One-census-family households	410	...	...	37,940	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	185	...	...	16,795	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	230	...	...	21,150	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	10	...	...	990	...	...
Non-census-family households	125	...	...	17,115	...	...
One-person households	115	...	...	15,325	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	5	...	...	1,790	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	1,370	655	710	134,265	65,405	68,865
English only	1,285	620	665	123,985	60,985	63,000
French only	0	0	0	80	40	40
English and French	80	35	45	8,980	3,895	5,090
Neither English nor French	5	0	0	1,220	485	730
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	1,370	655	710	134,265	65,400	68,860
English	1,355	650	705	130,290	63,670	66,620
French	10	10	5	2,400	1,085	1,320
English and French	0	0	0	385	175	210
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	1,190	475	715
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	10	5	5	2,595	1,170	1,420
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.7	0.8	0.7	1.9	1.8	2.1
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	1,370	655	710	134,265	65,405	68,860
Single responses	1,360	655	710	132,045	64,360	67,690
Official languages	1,355	650	700	110,490	54,135	56,355
English	1,335	645	695	107,980	53,005	54,980
French	10	5	5	2,510	1,130	1,380
Non-official languages	15	0	10	21,555	10,230	11,330
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	30	15	20
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	10	5	5
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	15	5	10
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	21,525	10,215	11,310
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	775	410	370
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	115	50	65
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	115	55	65
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	660	355	305
Amharic	0	0	0	15	10	10
Arabic	0	0	0	550	295	255
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	15	10	10
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	20	10	10
Maltese	0	0	0	35	20	15
Tigrigna	0	0	0	10	10	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	440	200	245
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	30	10	20
Vietnamese	0	0	0	410	190	220
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	0	0	1,095	400	695
Bikol	0	0	0	10	5	0
Cebuano	5	5	0	50	15	35
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	15	5	10
Ilocano	0	0	0	25	5	15
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	25	10	15
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	965	360	605
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	5	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	105	50	50
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	15	10	5
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	80	40	40
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	205	115	90
Kannada	0	0	0	5	5	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	155	80	70
Tamil	0	0	0	40	25	15
Telugu	0	0	0	10	10	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5	0	5	15,485	7,470	8,015
Albanian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Armenian	0	0	0	30	10	15
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	3,860	1,785	2,080
Baltic languages	0	0	0	80	35	45
Latvian	0	0	0	35	15	15
Lithuanian	0	0	0	40	15	25
Slavic languages	0	5	0	3,785	1,750	2,040
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	5	5
Bosnian	0	0	0	45	25	20
Bulgarian	0	0	0	230	105	130
Croatian	0	0	0	235	110	125
Czech	0	0	0	80	40	45
Macedonian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Polish	0	0	0	940	410	530
Russian	0	0	0	465	195	275
Serbian	0	0	0	1,090	550	540
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	80	35	45
Slovak	0	0	0	110	55	55
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	65	25	40
Ukrainian	0	0	0	390	180	205
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	5	10
Celtic languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	10	5	5
Welsh	0	0	0	5	0	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Germanic languages	5	0	0	2,955	1,420	1,530
Afrikaans	0	0	0	45	20	20
Danish	0	0	0	50	25	25
Dutch	0	0	0	580	290	290
Frisian	0	0	0	20	5	10
German	0	0	5	2,215	1,055	1,155
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	5
Norwegian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Swedish	0	0	0	15	5	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	280	150	130
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	1,865	970	895
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	1,585	830	755
Bengali	0	0	0	40	20	20
Gujarati	0	0	0	345	185	160
Hindi	0	0	0	245	145	100
Kashmiri	0	0	0	5	0	5
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	5
Marathi	0	0	0	20	15	10
Nepali	0	0	0	35	20	10
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	375	180	195
Sindhi	0	0	0	15	5	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	35	20	15
Urdu	0	0	0	460	230	230
Iranian languages	0	0	0	245	125	125
Kurdish	0	0	0	55	25	30
Pashto	0	0	0	15	10	10
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	170	90	85
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	15	15
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	6,455	3,115	3,340
Catalan	0	0	0	5	5	0
Italian	0	0	0	4,550	2,200	2,350
Portuguese	0	0	0	265	130	135
Romanian	0	0	0	185	85	100
Spanish	0	0	0	1,450	685	760
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Japanese	0	0	0	210	70	140
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Georgian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Korean	5	0	5	455	220	240
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	140	65	75
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	20	10	5
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	5	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	10	0	5
Lingala	0	0	0	5	0	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	25	5	20
Swahili	0	0	0	25	15	15
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	15	5	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	15	15
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	40	20	15
American Sign Language	0	0	0	20	10	15
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	15	10	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	1,695	795	905
Chinese languages	0	0	0	1,675	785	895
Cantonese	0	0	0	710	335	375
Hakka	0	0	0	10	5	5
Mandarin	0	0	0	775	355	420
Min Dong	0	0	0	5	0	5
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	40	20	20
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	115	55	65
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	20	10	15
Burmese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	15	10	5
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	70	30	45
Lao	0	0	0	40	20	20
Thai	0	0	0	30	10	25
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	225	125	100
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	10	5	5
Turkish	0	0	0	200	110	85
Uyghur	0	0	0	10	5	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	560	245	315
Estonian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Finnish	0	0	0	35	20	20
Hungarian	0	0	0	495	215	275
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Multiple responses	5	0	5	2,215	1,040	1,175
English and French	0	5	0	465	200	265
English and non-official language	0	0	0	1,640	790	850
French and non-official language	0	0	0	60	25	35
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	55	25	25
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	1,370	655	710	134,265	65,405	68,860
Single responses	1,365	660	705	129,910	63,365	66,545
Official languages	1,360	655	705	121,130	59,245	61,885
English	1,355	650	700	120,535	58,975	61,565
French	5	5	0	590	275	320
Non-official languages	0	5	0	8,780	4,115	4,665
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	5	0	5	8,775	4,115	4,660
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	425	200	225
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	100	45	55
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	100	45	55
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	325	160	170
Amharic	0	0	0	5	5	0
Arabic	0	0	0	300	145	155
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	5	5	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	5
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	5	5	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	265	125	140
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	0	5
Vietnamese	0	0	0	255	120	140
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	455	190	265
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	15	10	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	0	5
Ilocano	0	0	0	5	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	5	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	420	175	245
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	5
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	55	25	30
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	10	10	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	40	15	30
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	95	50	45
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	80	45	40
Tamil	0	0	0	15	10	5
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	5,490	2,565	2,925
Albanian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Armenian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,645	775	875
Baltic languages	0	0	0	20	5	15
Latvian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Lithuanian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,630	765	860
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Bulgarian	0	0	0	130	60	70
Croatian	0	0	0	85	40	50
Czech	0	0	0	10	10	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Polish	0	0	0	350	160	195
Russian	0	0	0	240	115	125
Serbian	0	0	0	620	305	310
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Slovak	0	0	0	25	10	15
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ukrainian	0	0	0	100	40	55
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Germanic languages	0	0	0	540	265	270
Afrikaans	0	0	0	20	10	10
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	30	15	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	475	235	240
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Greek	0	0	0	80	45	40
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	990	490	500
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	870	435	440
Bengali	0	0	0	20	15	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	210	115	100
Hindi	0	0	0	140	80	60
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	25	15	10
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	220	100	120
Sindhi	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	15	10	5
Urdu	0	0	0	235	110	125
Iranian languages	0	0	0	115	50	60
Kurdish	0	0	0	25	10	10
Pashto	0	0	0	15	10	10
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	80	35	40
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	2,210	980	1,235
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	1,260	515	745
Portuguese	0	0	0	85	35	40
Romanian	0	0	0	85	40	40
Spanish	0	0	0	785	385	400
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	115	60	60
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	350	175	175
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	40	15	20
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	10	0	5
Swahili	0	0	0	15	10	5
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	5	0	55	25	25
American Sign Language	0	0	0	15	10	15
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	30	15	15
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	5	0	1,170	565	605
Chinese languages	5	0	0	1,150	555	595
Cantonese	0	0	0	470	225	245
Hakka	0	0	0	0	5	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	585	290	300
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	10	5	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	20	5	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	65	30	35
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	15	10	5
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Lao	0	0	0	10	10	5
Thai	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	115	65	50
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	5	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	105	60	45
Uyghur	0	0	0	5	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	135	55	80
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Finnish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Hungarian	0	0	0	125	50	75
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Multiple responses	5	0	5	4,355	2,040	2,315
English and French	0	0	0	230	95	130
English and non-official language	5	0	5	4,025	1,905	2,125
French and non-official language	0	0	0	20	15	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	75	30	50
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	1,370	655	715	134,265	65,405	68,860
None	1,355	650	705	121,465	59,445	62,020
English	0	5	0	4,130	1,995	2,135
French	5	5	0	1,625	675	950
Non-official language	10	5	5	6,865	3,205	3,655
Aboriginal	0	0	0	50	25	30
Non-Aboriginal	5	5	0	6,815	3,185	3,625
English and French	0	0	0	15	10	10
English and non-official language	0	0	0	50	25	30
French and non-official language	0	0	0	110	45	65
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	5
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	1,125	530	595	113,595	54,735	58,860
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,070	505	570	110,150	53,140	57,010
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,822	45,760	29,344	30,458	36,762	25,882
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,075	505	570	110,195	53,145	57,050
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,776	39,253	26,507	28,029	33,256	24,239
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	960	475	490	97,790	48,220	49,570
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,067	44,416	26,368	27,099	33,676	21,918
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	745	300	440	84,590	38,320	46,270
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,323	9,056	6,912	7,422	7,041	7,586
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	770	390	385	77,435	39,895	37,540
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,347	44,032	27,488	26,852	31,325	23,588
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	1,210	555	655	113,595	54,760	58,840
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,140	530	615	110,210	53,205	57,005
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,060	51,388	35,906	40,711	47,973	33,933
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,140	530	615	110,260	53,215	57,045
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,321	41,703	29,841	34,740	40,218	29,628
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,010	490	520	97,770	48,045	49,720
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,977	49,459	34,943	38,431	46,370	30,758
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	780	315	460	84,805	38,545	46,260
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,632	9,126	8,296	8,603	8,420	8,755
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	795	390	400	77,435	39,765	37,665
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,195	50,589	35,957	37,160	42,909	31,091
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	1,210	560	655	113,595	54,760	58,840
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	390	220	165	33,995	19,010	14,980
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	55,975	57,834	49,959	47,022	52,787	41,074
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	60,741	65,927	53,930	56,278	62,875	47,906
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	86.5	89.9	82.1	83.8	87.5	78.9
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	68.9	74.0	65.0	64.0	66.9	60.1
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	13.7	10.3	18.3	16.2	12.5	21.1
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	1,125	530	595	113,600	54,735	58,860
Without total income	50	25	25	3,450	1,600	1,850
With total income	1,070	505	565	110,150	53,140	57,010
Percentage with total income	95.1	95.3	95.0	97.0	97.1	96.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	125	50	80	15,065	6,455	8,605
$10,000 to $19,999	185	45	140	21,235	8,230	13,005
$20,000 to $29,999	130	65	65	18,090	7,340	10,750
$30,000 to $39,999	150	60	85	14,470	6,735	7,735
$40,000 to $49,999	110	60	55	11,540	5,815	5,725
$50,000 to $59,999	95	55	35	8,430	4,700	3,730
$60,000 to $69,999	70	45	20	5,720	3,525	2,195
$70,000 to $79,999	60	25	35	3,970	2,490	1,470
$80,000 to $89,999	60	40	25	2,985	1,905	1,080
$90,000 to $99,999	25	20	10	2,585	1,555	1,030
$100,000 and over	60	50	10	6,060	4,375	1,685
$100,000 to $149,999	45	40	5	4,275	3,015	1,265
$150,000 and over	15	10	5	1,785	1,360	420
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	1,125	530	595	113,600	54,735	58,860
Without after-tax income	55	25	30	3,400	1,590	1,815
With after-tax income	1,070	505	565	110,190	53,145	57,045
Percentage with after-tax income	95.1	95.3	95.0	97.0	97.1	96.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	140	50	90	15,685	6,590	9,100
$10,000 to $19,999	185	50	140	22,255	8,655	13,600
$20,000 to $29,999	175	85	90	20,735	8,585	12,150
$30,000 to $39,999	170	75	95	16,550	8,120	8,435
$40,000 to $49,999	135	80	55	12,385	6,620	5,765
$50,000 to $59,999	100	60	40	7,640	4,635	3,000
$60,000 to $69,999	75	40	35	5,050	3,215	1,835
$70,000 to $79,999	40	30	15	3,640	2,310	1,330
$80,000 and over	50	40	10	6,260	4,420	1,840
$80,000 to $89,999	10	10	5	2,270	1,470	800
$90,000 to $99,999	15	15	5	1,255	900	345
$100,000 and over	20	20	0	2,740	2,045	695
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	1,125	530	595	113,595	54,740	58,860
Without employment income	350	145	210	36,165	14,840	21,325
With employment income	770	385	385	77,435	39,895	37,535
Percentage with employment income	68.4	72.6	64.7	68.2	72.9	63.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	105	45	60	12,770	6,870	5,900
$5,000 to $9,999	55	25	30	7,230	3,210	4,025
$10,000 to $19,999	100	35	60	11,775	5,055	6,720
$20,000 to $29,999	95	45	50	9,885	4,260	5,625
$30,000 to $39,999	75	30	45	8,370	3,855	4,515
$40,000 to $49,999	70	30	40	7,070	3,505	3,565
$50,000 to $59,999	60	40	20	5,335	3,075	2,255
$60,000 to $69,999	55	35	20	3,645	2,320	1,325
$70,000 to $79,999	50	20	25	2,645	1,705	940
$80,000 and over	110	85	35	8,695	6,035	2,660
$80,000 to $89,999	50	30	20	2,180	1,425	755
$90,000 to $99,999	15	15	5	2,180	1,280	895
$100,000 and over	45	40	5	4,335	3,330	1,005
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	545	...	...	56,045	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	75,264	...	...	63,301	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	63,616	...	...	56,905	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	115	...	...	15,325	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	28,416	...	...	31,955	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	26,368	...	...	29,272	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	430	...	...	40,720	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	89,600	...	...	77,956	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	74,411	...	...	69,473	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	565	...	...	56,045	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	87,355	...	...	80,056	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	71,656	...	...	68,342	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	105	...	...	15,285	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	47,329	...	...	40,735	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	36,476	...	...	34,978	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	455	...	...	40,760	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	96,763	...	...	94,801	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	79,926	...	...	80,854	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	545	...	...	56,045	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	625	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	745	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...	1,580	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	20	...	...	2,275	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	20	...	...	2,720	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	20	...	...	2,505	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	25	...	...	2,665	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	20	...	...	2,830	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	25	...	...	2,775	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	20	...	...	2,810	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	55	...	...	4,920	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	35	...	...	4,455	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	30	...	...	3,960	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	30	...	...	3,570	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	35	...	...	2,945	...	...
$100,000 and over	185	...	...	14,655	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	70	...	...	5,470	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	45	...	...	3,455	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	50	...	...	3,455	...	...
$200,000 and over	20	...	...	2,275	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	545	...	...	56,045	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	670	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	775	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...	1,610	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	30	...	...	2,415	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	25	...	...	3,005	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	20	...	...	2,840	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	30	...	...	3,035	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	25	...	...	3,245	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	25	...	...	3,330	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	25	...	...	3,080	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	60	...	...	5,670	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	45	...	...	5,095	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	40	...	...	4,395	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	40	...	...	3,525	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	35	...	...	2,885	...	...
$100,000 and over	120	...	...	10,470	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	65	...	...	4,805	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	30	...	...	2,605	...	...
$150,000 and over	25	...	...	3,055	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	420	...	...	39,470	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	90,240	...	...	77,992	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	74,880	...	...	69,502	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	180	...	...	16,385	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,592	...	...	72,279	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	65,152	...	...	64,316	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	195	...	...	15,080	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	111,488	...	...	101,161	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	90,709	...	...	88,677	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	40	...	...	6,925	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	42,624	...	...	49,684	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	40,320	...	...	46,740	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	455	...	...	39,470	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	96,763	...	...	94,971	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	79,926	...	...	80,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	195	...	...	16,315	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	96,557	...	...	90,080	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	79,249	...	...	75,589	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	205	...	...	15,120	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	105,677	...	...	116,265	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	87,215	...	...	98,994	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	50	...	...	6,910	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	62,411	...	...	59,744	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,910	...	...	53,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	135	45	90	19,500	8,985	10,515
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	28,480	34,048	26,688	29,127	31,650	27,523
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	26,528	29,632	24,288	26,999	28,849	25,904
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	110	30	80	19,530	9,010	10,520
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	47,329	42,857	49,077	37,811	41,291	34,831
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	36,476	35,276	36,945	32,633	34,998	30,607
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	1,370	655	710	133,135	64,765	68,370
In the bottom half of the distribution	680	320	365	73,095	34,460	38,635
In the bottom decile	100	45	55	13,020	6,150	6,875
In the second decile	150	65	85	15,460	6,850	8,610
In the third decile	140	65	75	15,450	7,260	8,190
In the fourth decile	155	75	80	14,685	7,075	7,605
In the fifth decile	140	70	70	14,480	7,125	7,350
In the top half of the distribution	685	340	345	60,040	30,305	29,735
In the sixth decile	160	80	80	13,840	6,870	6,965
In the seventh decile	150	70	80	13,340	6,700	6,640
In the eighth decile	160	75	85	12,295	6,230	6,060
In the ninth decile	135	75	60	11,660	5,940	5,720
In the top decile	75	35	40	8,915	4,565	4,350
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	1,370	655	710	133,135	64,760	68,370
0 to 17 years	305	160	145	24,030	12,395	11,635
0 to 5 years	90	50	40	7,115	3,635	3,480
18 to 64 years	810	380	430	80,685	39,160	41,525
65 years and over	260	120	140	28,415	13,205	15,210
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	190	85	105	20,375	9,250	11,135
0 to 17 years	55	30	25	5,135	2,675	2,465
0 to 5 years	15	15	0	1,685	885	800
18 to 64 years	90	40	55	12,030	5,410	6,620
65 years and over	45	15	30	3,210	1,160	2,045
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	13.9	13.0	14.8	15.3	14.3	16.3
0 to 17 years (%)	18.0	18.8	17.2	21.4	21.6	21.2
0 to 5 years (%)	16.7	30.0	0.0	23.7	24.3	23.0
18 to 64 years (%)	11.1	10.5	12.8	14.9	13.8	15.9
65 years and over (%)	17.3	12.5	21.4	11.3	8.8	13.4
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	55	25	30	9,290	4,500	4,795
0 to 17 years	15	15	5	2,010	1,070	940
0 to 5 years	5	5	0	645	340	305
18 to 64 years	35	15	20	6,645	3,160	3,485
65 years and over	5	0	5	640	265	370
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.0	3.8	4.2	7.0	6.9	7.0
0 to 17 years (%)	4.9	9.4	3.4	8.4	8.6	8.1
0 to 5 years (%)	5.6	10.0	0.0	9.1	9.4	8.8
18 to 64 years (%)	4.3	3.9	4.7	8.2	8.1	8.4
65 years and over (%)	1.9	0.0	3.6	2.3	2.0	2.4
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	1,405	660	750	133,135	64,760	68,370
Official languages	1,405	660	750	131,980	64,330	67,650
English	1,405	660	745	131,925	64,295	67,625
French	75	25	45	9,055	3,975	5,085
Non-official languages	25	10	15	26,805	12,655	14,145
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	90	35	55
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	10	0	10
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	30	15	15
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	50	15	35
Cayuga	0	0	0	20	0	20
Mohawk	0	0	0	30	0	20
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	25	15	15	26,720	12,620	14,095
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	1,060	545	510
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	140	80	60
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	140	80	65
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	945	485	460
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	810	425	390
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	70	30	35
Maltese	0	0	0	55	40	20
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	0	20
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	550	240	315
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	50	15	40
Vietnamese	0	0	0	500	225	275
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	0	1,440	550	895
Bikol	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	90	30	60
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	50	10	45
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	25	0	20
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	10	1,390	525	865
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	10	0	10
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	120	55	60
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	10	10	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	90	40	50
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	255	155	100
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	205	130	80
Tamil	0	0	0	65	50	20
Telugu	0	0	0	10	10	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	10	0	19,695	9,395	10,305
Albanian	0	0	0	55	25	25
Armenian	0	0	0	55	20	35
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	4,295	2,025	2,270
Baltic languages	0	0	0	75	30	45
Latvian	0	0	0	45	25	15
Lithuanian	0	0	0	35	10	25
Slavic languages	0	0	0	4,235	2,000	2,235
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	160	80	85
Bulgarian	0	0	0	195	110	80
Croatian	0	0	0	445	210	235
Czech	0	0	0	145	65	80
Macedonian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Polish	0	0	0	1,220	580	645
Russian	0	0	0	620	260	360
Serbian	0	0	0	1,350	665	685
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	60	35	30
Slovak	0	0	0	85	40	45
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	45	25	25
Ukrainian	0	0	0	480	210	270
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	20
Celtic languages	0	0	0	60	20	40
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	30	0	20
Welsh	0	0	0	10	10	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	15
Germanic languages	0	0	0	3,650	1,740	1,910
Afrikaans	0	0	0	80	35	45
Danish	0	0	0	85	35	50
Dutch	0	0	0	710	345	360
Frisian	0	0	0	25	15	20
German	0	0	0	2,745	1,310	1,430
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Swedish	0	0	0	40	25	20
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	20	0	15
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	20	15
Greek	0	0	0	450	215	235
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	2,435	1,195	1,235
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	2,020	990	1,030
Bengali	0	0	0	85	50	40
Gujarati	0	0	0	455	245	215
Hindi	0	0	0	880	480	400
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	10
Konkani	0	0	0	10	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	35	15	20
Nepali	0	0	0	75	45	25
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	15	0	15
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	510	240	275
Sindhi	0	0	0	45	15	35
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	35	10	30
Urdu	0	0	0	580	255	325
Iranian languages	0	0	0	405	200	205
Kurdish	0	0	0	145	85	65
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	265	120	145
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	30	25
Italic (Romance) languages	10	10	0	9,060	4,325	4,735
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	6,005	2,850	3,155
Portuguese	0	10	0	460	230	230
Romanian	0	0	0	315	170	145
Spanish	10	10	0	2,610	1,215	1,390
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	15	0
Japanese	0	0	0	240	110	130
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Georgian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	475	215	265
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	250	125	125
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	25	10	10
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	10
Igbo	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	10	10	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	35	15	15
Swahili	0	0	0	115	60	60
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	30	25	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	15	40
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	225	95	130
American Sign Language	0	0	0	85	30	55
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	135	65	75
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	1,955	930	1,020
Chinese languages	0	0	0	1,940	930	1,005
Cantonese	0	0	0	835	385	450
Hakka	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	1,150	550	600
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	100	45	50
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	25	15	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	145	70	70
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	15	0	15
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	10
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	10	0	15
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	75	30	45
Lao	0	0	0	30	20	15
Thai	0	0	0	40	15	25
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	245	135	110
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	10	0	10
Turkish	0	0	0	195	100	90
Uyghur	0	0	0	50	30	20
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	645	280	360
Estonian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Finnish	0	0	0	65	25	45
Hungarian	0	0	0	555	250	305
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	1,410	660	745	133,130	64,765	68,370
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	1,395	650	745	126,410	61,910	64,500
Canadian citizens aged under 18	260	130	130	23,390	12,060	11,335
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	1,130	520	610	103,015	49,850	53,165
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	10	10	10	6,730	2,860	3,870
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	1,405	660	745	133,135	64,765	68,370
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	1,380	645	735	104,950	51,640	53,310
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	25	10	10	27,000	12,530	14,465
Before 1981	10	0	10	13,375	6,275	7,100
1981 to 1990	0	0	0	2,875	1,365	1,515
1991 to 2000	0	0	0	4,085	1,855	2,230
2001 to 2010	10	10	0	4,545	2,045	2,500
2001 to 2005	0	10	10	2,290	1,040	1,250
2006 to 2010	10	0	0	2,255	1,005	1,255
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	0	0	0	2,115	995	1,125
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	0	1,190	595	595
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	20	10	15	27,000	12,530	14,470
Under 5 years	0	10	0	3,285	1,670	1,625
5 to 14 years	0	0	0	5,375	2,680	2,695
15 to 24 years	0	0	0	6,755	2,995	3,760
25 to 44 years	15	0	10	9,790	4,330	5,460
45 years and over	0	0	0	1,790	855	935
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	20	10	10	27,000	12,530	14,465
Americas	10	0	0	5,565	2,320	3,245
Brazil	0	0	0	95	25	70
Colombia	0	0	0	370	160	210
El Salvador	0	0	0	190	80	110
Guyana	0	0	0	125	70	55
Haiti	0	0	0	50	10	40
Jamaica	0	0	0	225	120	105
Mexico	0	0	0	440	235	205
Peru	0	0	0	35	10	30
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	220	85	135
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	2,960	1,120	1,835
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	855	405	450
Europe	10	10	10	14,175	6,870	7,300
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	275	130	145
Croatia	0	0	0	615	325	290
France	0	0	0	115	50	70
Germany	0	0	0	960	425	530
Greece	0	0	0	145	95	50
Hungary	0	0	0	305	135	165
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	130	55	75
Italy	0	0	0	3,350	1,605	1,740
Netherlands	0	0	0	575	265	310
Poland	0	0	0	765	375	400
Portugal	0	0	0	205	120	90
Romania	0	0	0	330	185	140
Russian Federation	0	0	0	210	90	120
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	385	170	215
Ukraine	0	0	0	315	125	185
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	10	0	4,410	2,190	2,220
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	1,085	535	560
Africa	0	0	0	820	450	370
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	110	60	50
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	10
Kenya	0	0	0	85	35	50
Morocco	0	0	0	20	15	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	40	25	10
Somalia	0	0	0	90	60	30
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	130	65	65
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	340	195	145
Asia	10	0	0	6,300	2,810	3,495
Afghanistan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Bangladesh	0	0	0	60	45	15
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	1,155	510	645
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	130	70	60
India	0	0	0	950	460	490
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	210	100	105
Iraq	0	0	0	180	90	95
Japan	0	0	0	145	55	90
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	310	150	160
Lebanon	0	0	0	115	60	50
Pakistan	0	0	0	380	165	210
Philippines	0	0	0	1,410	565	850
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	80	35	45
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Taiwan	0	0	0	50	20	30
Viet Nam	0	0	0	405	165	240
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	705	315	385
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	135	80	55
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	0	0	0	2,115	990	1,125
Americas	0	0	0	515	245	275
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	10
Colombia	0	0	0	55	25	30
Cuba	0	0	0	45	25	20
Haiti	0	0	0	25	0	20
Jamaica	0	0	0	30	20	15
Mexico	0	0	0	120	75	45
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	150	75	80
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	70	25	40
Europe	0	0	0	350	160	190
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	25	10	15
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	50	30	20
Russian Federation	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	10	10	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	85	45	40
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	155	65	85
Africa	0	0	0	130	85	50
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	10	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	20	15	10
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	10
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	10	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	35	25	15
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	15	10	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	45	25	20
Asia	0	0	0	1,105	495	610
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	205	90	115
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	195	100	90
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	70	40	30
Iraq	0	0	0	35	10	25
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	25	10	20
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	55	35	20
Lebanon	0	0	0	10	10	0
Nepal	0	0	0	40	30	15
Pakistan	0	0	0	90	40	50
Philippines	0	0	0	335	130	205
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	10	0	10
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	10	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	10	0	10
Viet Nam	0	0	0	15	0	10
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	15	0	10
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	10	15	0
Australia	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	1,405	660	745	133,135	64,760	68,370
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	35	15	20	29,045	13,580	15,470
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	80	40	40	31,680	15,565	16,120
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	1,290	600	695	72,405	35,625	36,785
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	10	10	0	13,975	6,405	7,570
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	0	0	0	5,740	2,820	2,920
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	0	0	0	2,390	1,535	860
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	0	0	0	3,345	1,285	2,065
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	10	10	0	5,025	1,920	3,110
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	0	2,935	1,530	1,400
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	275	140	140
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	1,410	660	750	133,135	64,765	68,370
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	50	25	25	3,735	1,780	1,955
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	50	25	30	3,525	1,700	1,825
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	20	15	0	2,430	1,165	1,265
Métis	35	0	25	1,085	535	555
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	105	30	70
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	110	45	60
Non-Aboriginal identity	1,355	630	720	129,400	62,985	66,415
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	1,405	660	745	133,135	64,760	68,370
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	0	0	0	1,450	685	760
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	1,400	660	740	131,685	64,080	67,610
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	1,405	660	745	133,130	64,760	68,370
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	10	0	0	790	405	385
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	0	0	10	780	395	390
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	0	0	0	625	320	300
Métis single ancestry	10	0	0	160	75	90
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	100	45	55	4,840	2,305	2,535
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	105	50	55	4,705	2,260	2,445
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	85	45	40	3,675	1,730	1,945
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	0	15	1,015	520	495
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	20	10	10
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	135	40	90
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	125	45	85
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	1,300	615	685	127,505	62,060	65,445
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	1,405	660	750	133,130	64,765	68,370
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	70	30	40	13,970	6,700	7,270
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	2,850	1,490	1,360
Chinese	0	0	0	2,190	1,035	1,155
Black	40	20	25	2,225	1,090	1,135
Filipino	15	0	10	1,990	835	1,160
Latin American	0	0	0	1,360	640	725
Arab	0	0	0	700	370	330
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	810	335	475
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	410	175	235
Korean	10	0	0	505	245	260
Japanese	0	0	0	275	135	140
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	185	95	90
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	475	265	210
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	1,335	630	710	119,160	58,060	61,100
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	1,405	660	750	133,135	64,765	68,370
North American Aboriginal origins	105	45	60	5,625	2,705	2,925
First Nations (North American Indian)	80	45	35	4,430	2,100	2,330
Inuit	0	0	0	20	15	10
Métis	25	0	20	1,310	640	675
Other North American origins	680	320	360	37,695	18,280	19,415
Acadian	15	20	0	110	60	45
American	20	15	10	2,595	1,195	1,400
Canadian	640	285	355	35,765	17,445	18,320
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	10
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	115	60	55
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	20	0	10
Ontarian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	35	0	35
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	990	485	505	103,345	49,975	53,365
British Isles origins	865	420	445	62,660	30,005	32,655
Channel Islander	0	0	0	35	20	10
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	540	260	285	36,855	17,580	19,275
Irish	305	145	160	23,865	11,090	12,775
Manx	0	0	0	35	0	30
Scottish	380	160	215	25,375	12,035	13,340
Welsh	25	25	0	2,790	1,435	1,360
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	45	25	20	3,395	1,570	1,825
French origins	115	55	60	15,645	7,500	8,145
Alsatian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	10	10	10
French	110	55	60	15,640	7,500	8,140
Western European origins (except French origins)	220	110	110	25,870	12,410	13,460
Austrian	0	0	0	885	405	475
Bavarian	0	0	0	20	0	15
Belgian	0	0	0	515	240	275
Dutch	65	35	30	6,710	3,180	3,525
Flemish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Frisian	0	0	0	25	15	10
German	185	90	95	19,410	9,340	10,070
Luxembourger	0	0	0	10	0	10
Swiss	0	0	0	395	195	200
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	15	10	10	2,320	1,055	1,260
Danish	0	0	0	480	230	250
Finnish	10	0	0	540	265	275
Icelandic	0	0	0	90	30	60
Norwegian	0	0	0	540	225	320
Swedish	10	10	10	695	310	390
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	90	45	40
Eastern European origins	20	10	10	18,230	8,685	9,540
Bulgarian	0	0	0	285	160	120
Byelorussian	0	0	0	45	15	25
Czech	10	0	10	440	205	240
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	205	80	120
Estonian	0	0	0	125	75	55
Hungarian	0	0	0	3,450	1,650	1,795
Latvian	0	0	0	230	120	105
Lithuanian	0	0	0	320	140	175
Moldovan	0	0	0	35	25	15
Polish	10	0	0	6,500	3,035	3,465
Romanian	0	0	0	990	545	450
Russian	0	0	0	2,035	1,020	1,020
Slovak	0	0	0	645	305	345
Ukrainian	10	10	0	5,740	2,665	3,070
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	25	15	10
Southern European origins	20	10	10	27,185	13,540	13,640
Albanian	0	0	0	70	30	45
Bosnian	0	0	0	260	130	135
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	875	420	455
Cypriot	0	0	0	40	15	30
Greek	0	0	0	985	520	465
Italian	10	0	0	20,995	10,460	10,535
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	185	115	65
Maltese	0	0	0	330	160	165
Montenegrin	0	0	0	40	20	20
Portuguese	0	10	0	790	435	350
Serbian	0	0	0	1,645	825	820
Sicilian	0	0	0	80	45	30
Slovenian	0	0	0	210	120	90
Spanish	0	0	0	1,470	615	860
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	10	0	0	415	225	190
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other European origins	25	10	10	430	260	170
Basque	0	0	0	15	10	0
Jewish	15	10	10	220	135	90
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	15	10	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	20	20	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	10	0	10	160	85	75
Caribbean origins	10	10	10	1,695	775	925
Antiguan	0	0	0	20	0	15
Bahamian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Barbadian	0	0	0	145	75	70
Bermudan	0	0	0	10	0	15
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	180	65	110
Dominican	0	0	0	25	15	10
Grenadian	0	0	0	20	0	10
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	135	40	95
Jamaican	10	10	0	765	375	395
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	55	40	20
St. Lucian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	225	95	130
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	35	15	20
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	95	45	55
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	55	30	25
Latin, Central and South American origins	0	0	0	1,955	1,010	955
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	90	35	55
Arawak	0	0	0	15	10	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	75	50	30
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	120	65	60
Chilean	0	0	0	45	15	25
Colombian	0	0	0	460	205	260
Costa Rican	0	0	0	45	35	10
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Guatemalan	0	0	0	70	25	45
Guyanese	0	0	0	145	70	70
Hispanic	0	0	0	30	20	10
Honduran	0	0	0	30	20	10
Maya	0	0	0	15	15	0
Mexican	0	0	0	495	290	205
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	35	20	15
Panamanian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Paraguayan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Peruvian	0	0	0	50	35	15
Salvadorean	0	0	0	205	90	115
Uruguayan	0	0	0	25	20	10
Venezuelan	0	0	0	65	35	35
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	40	20	20
African origins	20	10	10	1,520	805	720
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	95	60	30
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	15	10	10
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	35	25	10
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	0	0	0	295	170	125
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	20	10	10
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	145	80	60
Libyan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	30	15	15
Sudanese	0	0	0	105	60	40
Tunisian	0	0	0	10	10	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	495	255	235
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	55	25	25
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	155	75	75
South African	0	0	0	175	85	95
Tanzanian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	50	20	25
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	30	25	10
Other African origins	20	10	10	655	330	325
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	105	55	45
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	20	10	10	560	285	275
Asian origins	50	30	25	10,980	5,245	5,735
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	25	20	10	1,870	920	955
Afghan	0	0	0	20	15	10
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	130	85	45
Armenian	10	10	0	215	110	105
Assyrian	0	0	0	15	10	15
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	25	15	10
Georgian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	290	125	165
Iraqi	0	0	0	135	65	70
Israeli	0	0	0	45	20	25
Jordanian	0	0	0	35	20	15
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	10	0
Kurd	0	0	0	130	75	55
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	40	15	25
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	405	185	220
Palestinian	0	0	0	85	40	45
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Syrian	15	15	10	40	15	20
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	10	0	10
Turk	0	0	0	240	135	110
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	55	30	25
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	10	0	10
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	25	10	15
South Asian origins	0	0	0	2,930	1,525	1,405
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	30	20	0
Bengali	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	0	0	2,295	1,215	1,085
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	15	0	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	65	45	25
Pakistani	0	0	0	455	210	245
Punjabi	0	0	0	40	15	25
Sinhalese	0	0	0	15	10	10
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	80	40	40
Tamil	0	0	0	10	10	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	85	35	50
East and Southeast Asian origins	30	10	20	6,245	2,840	3,410
Burmese	0	0	0	30	25	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	105	20	85
Chinese	0	0	0	2,665	1,260	1,410
Filipino	15	10	10	2,105	900	1,205
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	45	10	35
Japanese	0	0	0	350	170	175
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	0	515	250	265
Laotian	0	0	0	40	20	25
Malaysian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	20	0	15
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	30	15	15
Thai	0	0	0	40	10	35
Tibetan	0	0	0	15	0	20
Vietnamese	0	0	0	680	320	360
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	45	20	25
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	45	20	25
Oceania origins	10	0	0	150	50	100
Australian	0	0	10	125	40	90
New Zealander	0	0	0	15	0	10
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	25	15	0
Fijian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Hawaiian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	560	...	...	56,045	...	...
Owner	480	...	...	42,230	...	...
Renter	80	...	...	13,815	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	560	...	...	56,050	...	...
Condominium	0	...	...	3,245	...	...
Not condominium	565	...	...	52,800	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	565	...	...	56,045	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	80	...	...
1 bedroom	25	...	...	4,745	...	...
2 bedrooms	60	...	...	12,755	...	...
3 bedrooms	300	...	...	25,395	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	180	...	...	13,065	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	560	...	...	56,045	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	35	...	...	9,600	...	...
5 rooms	85	...	...	8,255	...	...
6 rooms	110	...	...	10,290	...	...
7 rooms	100	...	...	9,290	...	...
8 or more rooms	235	...	...	18,615	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.3	...	...	6.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	560	...	...	56,045	...	...
One person or fewer per room	555	...	...	55,660	...	...
More than 1 person per room	10	...	...	385	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	560	...	...	56,050	...	...
Suitable	560	...	...	54,260	...	...
Not suitable	0	...	...	1,785	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	560	...	...	56,050	...	...
1960 or before	115	...	...	19,600	...	...
1961 to 1980	130	...	...	15,805	...	...
1981 to 1990	105	...	...	5,865	...	...
1991 to 2000	85	...	...	5,470	...	...
2001 to 2005	20	...	...	3,000	...	...
2006 to 2010	65	...	...	2,895	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	35	...	...	3,415	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	565	...	...	56,045	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	505	...	...	52,195	...	...
Major repairs needed	55	...	...	3,850	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	560	...	...	56,045	...	...
1 household maintainer	255	...	...	33,335	...	...
2 household maintainers	305	...	...	21,515	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	0	...	...	1,200	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	560	...	...	56,045	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	980	...	...
25 to 34 years	45	...	...	5,465	...	...
35 to 44 years	90	...	...	7,835	...	...
45 to 54 years	130	...	...	11,060	...	...
55 to 64 years	145	...	...	12,335	...	...
65 to 74 years	95	...	...	10,285	...	...
75 to 84 years	50	...	...	5,700	...	...
85 years and over	10	...	...	2,385	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	560	...	...	55,655	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	455	...	...	41,705	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	110	...	...	13,950	...	...
30% to less than 100%	105	...	...	12,520	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	480	...	...	41,935	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	57.3	...	...	56.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	15.6	...	...	17.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,025	...	...	1,005	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,081	...	...	1,146	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	219,564	...	...	268,905	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	259,854	...	...	324,819	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	85	...	...	13,795	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	0.0	...	...	17.2	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	41.2	...	...	47.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,049	...	...	880	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	965	...	...	921	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	1,210	560	655	113,595	54,760	58,835
No certificate, diploma or degree	220	95	120	20,885	10,080	10,805
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	345	170	180	36,430	17,200	19,235
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	640	295	350	56,275	27,480	28,800
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	100	85	15	9,295	6,640	2,655
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	60	45	10	4,420	2,690	1,725
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	40	40	0	4,880	3,950	935
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	270	85	190	26,170	11,175	15,000
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	15	10	10	2,340	1,150	1,190
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	255	115	145	18,475	8,520	9,955
Bachelor's degree	170	65	105	12,555	5,535	7,020
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10	10	0	1,360	630	735
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	0	10	480	280	190
Master's degree	65	30	35	3,695	1,820	1,875
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	390	255	130
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	780	375	405	70,030	33,830	36,200
No certificate, diploma or degree	55	25	35	7,690	4,040	3,645
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	235	120	115	21,565	10,610	10,960
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	485	235	255	40,785	19,185	21,595
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	80	65	10	5,910	4,090	1,820
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	45	35	10	2,900	1,720	1,180
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	35	30	0	3,010	2,375	640
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	185	60	125	19,620	8,340	11,280
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	15	10	10	1,525	740	785
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	205	95	115	13,720	6,015	7,710
Bachelor's degree	140	60	85	9,430	4,030	5,400
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10	10	0	1,000	465	540
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	10	0	350	185	170
Master's degree	55	30	30	2,705	1,225	1,485
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	235	115	115
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	1,210	560	655	113,600	54,760	58,835
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	565	265	300	57,320	27,280	30,040
Education	55	35	25	3,775	930	2,845
13. Education	55	30	25	3,780	930	2,845
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	10	10	1,995	825	1,170
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	360	265	100
50. Visual and performing arts	10	10	0	1,635	560	1,075
Humanities	20	10	15	2,775	1,210	1,565
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	260	75	185
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	0	620	185	435
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	0	875	360	515
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	0	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	10	0	115	80	35
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	10	290	185	105
54. History	0	0	0	445	280	165
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	160	50	110
Social and behavioural sciences and law	55	20	40	6,100	2,025	4,075
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	65	15	45
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	535	225	310
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	15	0	15	1,520	140	1,390
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	0	800	265	535
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	75	20	60
42. Psychology	15	0	10	1,025	290	740
45. Social sciences	15	10	10	2,075	1,080	995
Business, management and public administration	160	50	105	11,165	4,320	6,840
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	15	0	15
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	920	175	740
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	160	50	110	10,230	4,140	6,085
Physical and life sciences and technologies	25	10	15	1,730	935	800
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0	10	665	285	380
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	390	185	205
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	20	0	20
40. Physical sciences	10	10	0	550	415	135
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	105	35	65
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	10	10	10	1,725	1,010	720
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	10	0	0	1,240	765	475
25. Library science	0	0	0	175	20	160
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	10	280	200	85
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	25	20	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	135	130	0	11,860	11,120	745
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	280	175	105
14. Engineering	10	10	0	1,530	1,355	175
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	20	20	0	2,715	2,460	255
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	40	35	0	2,505	2,470	35
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	50	50	0	2,975	2,880	95
48. Precision production	10	10	0	1,865	1,785	80
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	20	15	10	1,240	785	460
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	20	10	10	945	580	370
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	295	205	90
Health and related fields	125	10	115	8,925	1,660	7,265
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	10	0	10	885	445	445
51. Health professions and related programs	110	0	105	7,930	1,160	6,770
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	0	0	110	60	50
Personal, protective and transportation services	15	10	10	4,970	2,655	2,310
12. Personal and culinary services	10	0	0	2,640	930	1,715
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	20	25	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	20	20	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	1,535	1,015	520
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	10	0	750	670	80
Other	0	0	0	10	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	10	0	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	775	380	405	70,035	33,830	36,200
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	290	140	150	29,250	14,650	14,605
Education	40	20	20	2,410	595	1,815
13. Education	40	20	20	2,405	595	1,815
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	15	10	10	1,495	615	880
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	300	210	95
50. Visual and performing arts	15	0	0	1,195	405	785
Humanities	15	10	10	1,870	785	1,080
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	180	40	135
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	0	385	105	285
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	10	655	270	390
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	0	65	45	20
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	175	115	60
54. History	0	0	0	285	180	105
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	120	30	90
Social and behavioural sciences and law	40	15	25	4,775	1,465	3,310
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	40	10	25
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	420	190	230
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	10	0	0	1,235	110	1,130
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	680	200	480
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	60	20	45
42. Psychology	10	10	10	745	185	560
45. Social sciences	15	10	10	1,595	760	840
Business, management and public administration	120	40	80	8,420	3,175	5,245
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	0	15
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	715	135	580
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	120	40	75	7,695	3,040	4,655
Physical and life sciences and technologies	20	10	15	1,220	585	635
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0	10	480	190	295
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	275	120	160
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	20	10	20
40. Physical sciences	10	10	10	360	245	110
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	80	30	55
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	15	0	10	1,330	780	550
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	10	0	0	970	620	350
25. Library science	0	0	10	145	10	135
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	195	135	65
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	15	15	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	100	105	0	7,850	7,275	580
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	185	110	75
14. Engineering	15	10	0	1,045	900	140
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	20	15	0	1,940	1,730	205
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	30	30	0	1,555	1,525	30
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	40	40	0	1,945	1,880	75
48. Precision production	10	0	0	1,185	1,125	50
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	15	10	0	1,005	645	355
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	20	10	10	775	480	295
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	230	165	65
Health and related fields	95	10	85	6,660	1,275	5,385
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	10	0	10	675	360	315
51. Health professions and related programs	80	0	75	5,910	880	5,035
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	10	0	80	40	40
Personal, protective and transportation services	10	10	10	3,740	1,990	1,745
12. Personal and culinary services	0	0	10	1,955	725	1,230
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	20	20	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	10	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	1,180	730	450
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	10	0	575	510	60
Other	0	0	0	10	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	10	0	10
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	1,210	560	650	113,595	54,760	58,840
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	570	270	300	57,320	27,280	30,035
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	640	295	350	56,280	27,480	28,800
Location of study inside Canada	625	285	345	46,570	22,750	23,815
Same as province or territory of residence	510	210	300	44,115	21,585	22,530
Different than province or territory of residence	120	75	45	2,450	1,165	1,285
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	15	10	0	9,710	4,730	4,980
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	10	10	0	3,180	1,435	1,745
Philippines	0	0	0	765	260	505
India	0	0	0	575	285	285
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	10	0	0	1,410	880	535
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	310	125	185
France	0	0	0	50	35	15
Other	0	0	10	3,425	1,710	1,715
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	775	375	405	70,035	33,830	36,200
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	290	145	150	29,250	14,650	14,605
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	485	235	255	40,785	19,185	21,600
Location of study inside Canada	470	220	250	34,235	16,260	17,975
Same as province or territory of residence	365	160	210	32,695	15,535	17,160
Different than province or territory of residence	100	60	40	1,540	730	810
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	15	10	10	6,545	2,920	3,625
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	10	10	0	2,220	925	1,295
Philippines	0	0	0	600	200	395
India	0	0	0	470	230	240
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	525	315	210
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	285	110	175
France	0	0	0	30	20	10
Other	10	0	0	2,425	1,125	1,300
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	1,210	560	650	113,600	54,760	58,835
In the labour force	750	370	380	68,170	34,855	33,320
Employed	680	330	350	63,215	32,085	31,130
Unemployed	65	40	30	4,955	2,770	2,190
Not in the labour force	465	185	275	45,425	19,905	25,515
Participation rate	62.0	66.1	58.5	60.0	63.7	56.6
Employment rate	56.2	58.9	53.8	55.6	58.6	52.9
Unemployment rate	8.7	10.8	7.9	7.3	7.9	6.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	1,210	560	655	113,595	54,760	58,835
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	440	175	270	42,290	18,595	23,700
Worked	770	390	380	71,305	36,165	35,140
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	405	235	175	34,980	19,605	15,375
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	360	150	210	36,325	16,565	19,765
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.9	42.9	43.0	42.4	42.8	42.0
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	750	375	375	68,175	34,850	33,320
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	20	0	15	1,370	725	650
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	730	365	365	66,800	34,130	32,675
Employee	655	310	340	59,240	29,400	29,840
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	80	55	25	7,560	4,725	2,835
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	745	370	375	68,175	34,855	33,320
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	15	0	15	1,375	720	645
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	730	365	365	66,805	34,125	32,675
0 Management occupations	100	60	40	7,015	4,145	2,875
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	95	25	70	8,530	2,460	6,075
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	35	30	10	2,875	2,375	495
3 Health occupations	70	10	70	4,260	735	3,515
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	85	50	35	6,065	1,945	4,125
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	15	10	0	1,630	715	915
6 Sales and service occupations	170	60	115	22,950	9,755	13,195
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	125	105	20	9,435	8,890	550
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	20	15	0	1,410	1,065	345
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	15	10	10	2,625	2,040	585
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	745	370	380	68,175	34,855	33,320
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	15	0	10	1,375	725	650
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	730	365	370	66,800	34,130	32,675
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	15	10	10	1,150	740	410
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	10	10	0	115	95	15
22 Utilities	10	10	0	475	375	95
23 Construction	60	50	10	4,430	4,030	405
31-33 Manufacturing	45	30	10	5,500	4,125	1,375
41 Wholesale trade	15	10	15	2,005	1,405	600
44-45 Retail trade	90	25	65	7,870	3,335	4,535
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	55	35	20	3,060	2,030	1,025
51 Information and cultural industries	15	0	10	725	385	345
52 Finance and insurance	30	10	20	1,590	645	945
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	10	0	0	940	525	410
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	40	25	10	3,055	1,580	1,475
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	30	15	15
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	30	30	0	3,250	1,895	1,360
61 Educational services	60	30	30	4,060	1,240	2,820
62 Health care and social assistance	125	30	95	6,495	1,045	5,450
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	15	0	10	4,815	2,615	2,200
72 Accommodation and food services	35	15	15	11,130	4,800	6,330
81 Other services (except public administration)	25	20	10	2,725	1,305	1,415
91 Public administration	60	35	25	3,390	1,935	1,455
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	685	330	350	63,220	32,085	31,130
Worked at home	50	25	25	4,070	2,025	2,045
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	830	435	395
No fixed workplace address	80	60	15	6,915	5,100	1,820
Worked at usual place	550	245	305	51,395	24,525	26,875
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	550	245	305	51,400	24,525	26,875
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	105	50	50	30,065	13,415	16,650
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	165	45	120	17,660	8,685	8,970
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	280	145	130	3,555	2,365	1,185
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	10	120	60	60
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	630	305	325	58,315	29,625	28,695
Car, truck, van - as a driver	580	285	295	48,745	25,125	23,620
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	35	10	25	4,445	2,010	2,435
Public transit	0	0	0	1,255	470	785
Walked	15	0	10	2,675	1,250	1,425
Bicycle	0	0	0	545	405	140
Other method	0	10	0	655	365	285
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	635	305	330	58,315	29,625	28,690
Less than 15 minutes	265	100	165	24,100	11,120	12,980
15 to 29 minutes	65	35	35	22,385	11,250	11,135
30 to 44 minutes	105	45	55	6,750	3,780	2,970
45 to 59 minutes	130	95	35	2,035	1,280	760
60 minutes and over	70	30	40	3,045	2,200	850
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	630	305	325	58,320	29,625	28,695
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	55	40	10	3,865	2,750	1,115
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	105	55	45	9,120	5,740	3,380
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	230	105	120	12,605	6,740	5,865
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	120	40	75	12,710	4,870	7,840
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	45	15	30	7,595	3,090	4,510
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	90	50	40	12,410	6,435	5,980
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	785	395	395	73,585	37,350	36,240
Single responses	780	385	395	73,055	37,115	35,935
Official languages	785	385	390	72,640	36,880	35,755
English	780	390	390	72,320	36,800	35,520
French	0	0	0	315	80	230
Non-official languages	0	0	0	415	230	180
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	415	230	180
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	10	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	25	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	180	110	65
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	25	15	15
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	10
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	60	50	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	60	50	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	15	15	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	10	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	80	40	35
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	50	20	30
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	20	10	20
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	25	20	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	130	65	65
Chinese languages	0	0	0	130	65	65
Cantonese	0	0	0	25	25	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	90	40	50
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	0	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	10	0	540	230	300
English and French	0	0	0	195	95	100
English and non-official language	0	0	0	335	140	190
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	785	390	390	73,590	37,350	36,240
None	770	380	390	71,055	36,230	34,825
English	0	0	0	405	165	240
French	10	0	0	905	385	525
Non-official language	0	0	0	1,145	545	595
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	10
Non-Aboriginal	10	0	0	1,135	545	590
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	80	25	60
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	1,395	650	745	132,000	64,170	67,830
Non-movers	1,205	560	650	115,165	55,915	59,250
Movers	190	95	95	16,830	8,260	8,575
Non-migrants	55	30	25	8,660	4,185	4,480
Migrants	135	65	70	8,170	4,075	4,095
Internal migrants	135	60	70	7,435	3,680	3,755
Intraprovincial migrants	120	50	65	6,830	3,375	3,455
Interprovincial migrants	15	10	0	610	305	300
External migrants	0	0	0	735	395	340
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	1,360	640	725	127,105	61,745	65,365
Non-movers	955	450	505	82,110	40,075	42,035
Movers	405	190	215	45,000	21,670	23,330
Non-migrants	155	65	85	22,880	10,860	12,020
Migrants	255	125	130	22,120	10,810	11,310
Internal migrants	250	115	130	19,365	9,485	9,880
Intraprovincial migrants	230	110	125	17,845	8,710	9,135
Interprovincial migrants	15	10	10	1,520	780	745
External migrants	0	0	0	2,760	1,325	1,430

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Falmouth, CFA [Designated place], Nova Scotia and Niagara Falls [Federal electoral district], Ontario (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 27, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Falmouth, Class IV area [Designated place], Nova Scotia and Niagara Falls [Federal electoral district], Ontario

Census Profile, 2016 Census Falmouth, Class IV area [Designated place], Nova Scotia and Niagara Falls [Federal electoral district], Ontario

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Falmouth, Class IV area [Designated place], Nova Scotia and Niagara Falls [Federal electoral district], Ontario