Census Profile, 2016 Census
Cumberland--Colchester [Federal electoral district], Nova Scotia and Zorra, Township [Census subdivision], Ontario

Feedback

Charts (using rates) Download Hierarchies

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Cumberland--Colchester Nova Scotia [Federal electoral district]			Zorra, TP Ontario [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Cumberland--Colchester [Federal electoral district], Nova Scotia Map : Cumberland--Colchester [Federal electoral district], Nova Scotia Change geography 1			Data quality : Zorra, Township [Census subdivision], Ontario Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	80,590	...	...	8,138	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	82,321	...	...	8,058	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-2.1	...	...	1.0	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	43,823	...	...	3,161	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	35,843	...	...	3,070	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	10.2	...	...	15.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	7,905.99	...	...	528.94	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	80,590	38,910	41,675	8,140	4,120	4,020
0 to 14 years	11,620	5,840	5,780	1,490	755	735
0 to 4 years	3,480	1,725	1,760	480	245	240
5 to 9 years	4,060	2,065	1,995	535	265	270
10 to 14 years	4,075	2,060	2,020	475	245	225
15 to 64 years	50,425	24,550	25,870	5,290	2,685	2,605
15 to 19 years	4,545	2,360	2,185	510	250	255
20 to 24 years	4,060	2,030	2,035	495	255	245
25 to 29 years	3,730	1,795	1,935	415	205	210
30 to 34 years	3,885	1,830	2,055	420	205	215
35 to 39 years	4,065	1,905	2,160	520	260	260
40 to 44 years	4,845	2,315	2,530	475	240	235
45 to 49 years	5,310	2,600	2,705	540	275	260
50 to 54 years	6,595	3,220	3,375	685	345	340
55 to 59 years	6,820	3,270	3,545	665	345	320
60 to 64 years	6,575	3,220	3,350	565	295	270
65 years and over	18,550	8,520	10,025	1,360	685	675
65 to 69 years	6,125	3,000	3,125	510	250	255
70 to 74 years	4,535	2,220	2,315	350	185	165
75 to 79 years	3,285	1,520	1,765	245	120	130
80 to 84 years	2,235	980	1,255	135	65	70
85 years and over	2,360	795	1,560	115	60	60
85 to 89 years	1,435	540	895	80	40	35
90 to 94 years	690	205	480	35	15	20
95 to 99 years	215	45	165	5	0	0
100 years and over	25	0	20	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.4	15.0	13.9	18.3	18.3	18.3
15 to 64 years	62.6	63.1	62.1	65.0	65.2	64.8
65 years and over	23.0	21.9	24.1	16.7	16.6	16.8
85 years and over	2.9	2.0	3.7	1.4	1.5	1.5
Average age of the population	45.2	44.4	46.0	40.7	40.9	40.5
Median age of the population	48.4	47.6	49.0	42.5	42.8	42.1
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	35,840	...	...	3,070	...	...
Single-detached house	25,710	...	...	2,845	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	5	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	7,900	...	...	140	...	...
Semi-detached house	965	...	...	10	...	...
Row house	620	...	...	10	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,500	...	...	15	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	4,655	...	...	90	...	...
Other single-attached house	165	...	...	10	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	2,230	...	...	85	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	35,845	...	...	3,070	...	...
1 person	10,970	...	...	580	...	...
2 persons	14,520	...	...	1,235	...	...
3 persons	4,970	...	...	460	...	...
4 persons	3,580	...	...	470	...	...
5 or more persons	1,795	...	...	330	...	...
Number of persons in private households	78,950	...	...	8,115	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	68,970	33,070	35,900	6,650	3,370	3,280
Married or living common law	40,685	20,335	20,355	4,515	2,265	2,255
Married	32,850	16,425	16,425	3,910	1,965	1,950
Living common law	7,840	3,910	3,925	605	305	300
Not married and not living common law	28,280	12,735	15,545	2,130	1,100	1,030
Never married	15,925	8,510	7,410	1,480	810	670
Separated	2,370	1,040	1,330	125	75	50
Divorced	4,575	1,980	2,595	235	135	100
Widowed	5,415	1,210	4,210	295	85	210
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	24,170	...	...	2,475	...	...
2 persons	14,750	...	...	1,265	...	...
3 persons	4,705	...	...	460	...	...
4 persons	3,335	...	...	460	...	...
5 or more persons	1,385	...	...	280	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	24,170	...	...	2,475	...	...
Total couple families	20,045	...	...	2,245	...	...
Married couples	16,125	...	...	1,945	...	...
Common-law couples	3,915	...	...	305	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	4,125	...	...	230	...	...
Female parent	3,230	...	...	155	...	...
Male parent	900	...	...	70	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	20,045	...	...	2,245	...	...
Couples without children	12,135	...	...	1,130	...	...
Couples with children	7,910	...	...	1,115	...	...
1 child	3,610	...	...	395	...	...
2 children	3,010	...	...	440	...	...
3 or more children	1,285	...	...	280	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	4,125	...	...	230	...	...
1 child	2,615	...	...	135	...	...
2 children	1,090	...	...	70	...	...
3 or more children	425	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	14,660	6,695	7,970	785	430	355
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	35,845	...	...	3,070	...	...
One-census-family households	23,365	...	...	2,400	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	11,840	...	...	1,100	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	11,525	...	...	1,300	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	400	...	...	40	...	...
Non-census-family households	12,080	...	...	635	...	...
One-person households	10,975	...	...	580	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	1,105	...	...	55	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	79,305	38,340	40,960	8,135	4,120	4,020
English only	74,770	36,475	38,295	7,820	3,990	3,825
French only	5	0	5	5	0	0
English and French	4,440	1,810	2,625	295	115	180
Neither English nor French	90	50	40	25	10	15
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	79,305	38,340	40,965	8,140	4,120	4,020
English	78,420	37,915	40,505	8,055	4,080	3,970
French	755	365	395	55	25	35
English and French	50	15	30	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	80	45	30	25	10	10
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	780	375	405	55	25	35
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.0	1.0	1.0	0.7	0.6	0.9
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	79,305	38,340	40,965	8,140	4,120	4,020
Single responses	79,000	38,210	40,795	8,100	4,105	4,000
Official languages	77,435	37,465	39,975	7,600	3,860	3,740
English	76,585	37,055	39,525	7,540	3,835	3,705
French	855	405	445	65	25	40
Non-official languages	1,570	745	825	500	240	255
Aboriginal languages	120	45	75	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	110	40	70	5	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	110	40	70	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	115	40	70	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,445	700	750	500	240	255
Afro-Asiatic languages	100	60	45	5	5	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	100	60	40	10	0	5
Amharic	5	5	0	0	0	0
Arabic	100	55	40	5	5	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	5	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	5	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	105	40	60	10	5	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	5	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	0	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	85	35	55	5	0	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Creole languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tamil	10	0	5	0	0	0
Telugu	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	900	435	465	465	225	240
Albanian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Armenian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	120	55	60	20	10	10
Baltic languages	5	0	0	0	0	5
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	115	50	60	20	5	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Czech	10	5	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Polish	40	20	20	10	5	10
Russian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	20	10	10	5	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	5	10	5	0	5
Scottish Gaelic	10	0	5	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	5	0	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	500	260	240	395	190	205
Afrikaans	5	0	5	0	0	0
Danish	10	5	5	5	5	0
Dutch	210	120	90	220	110	110
Frisian	5	5	0	5	5	5
German	250	120	130	160	75	85
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Swedish	15	0	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Greek	5	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	120	55	65	5	0	5
Indo-Aryan languages	90	40	45	5	0	0
Bengali	5	5	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	20	5	10	0	0	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	30	10	15	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Urdu	20	10	10	0	0	0
Iranian languages	30	15	15	5	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	10	5	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	25	15	10	0	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	135	55	85	30	20	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	15	10	5	15	10	10
Portuguese	15	5	10	5	5	5
Romanian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Spanish	100	40	60	10	10	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	5	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	25	15	10	10	5	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	25	10	10	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	5	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	10	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	5	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	5	0	5	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	185	85	105	0	0	0
Chinese languages	180	80	100	0	0	5
Cantonese	45	20	25	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	95	40	55	0	0	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	0	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	30	20	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	5	0	0
Thai	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	5	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	25	15	10	5	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	15	5	10	0	5	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	300	135	170	40	15	20
English and French	135	60	75	10	0	10
English and non-official language	150	65	85	25	10	15
French and non-official language	5	5	5	0	5	0
English, French and non-official language	10	5	0	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	79,305	38,340	40,965	8,135	4,120	4,015
Single responses	78,885	38,155	40,730	8,075	4,090	3,990
Official languages	78,340	37,880	40,460	7,915	4,010	3,910
English	78,180	37,810	40,370	7,905	4,000	3,900
French	160	70	90	15	5	10
Non-official languages	545	270	275	155	75	80
Aboriginal languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	15	5	5	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	535	270	270	155	75	80
Afro-Asiatic languages	50	30	20	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	50	30	20	0	0	0
Amharic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Arabic	45	30	15	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	50	25	30	5	5	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	50	20	30	5	5	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	5	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	255	130	125	140	65	70
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	25	15	15	5	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	25	10	10	5	5	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	5	5	0	0
Russian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	5	5	5	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	5	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	110	55	50	125	60	65
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	10	5	5	20	10	15
Frisian	0	0	0	5	5	0
German	95	50	45	95	45	45
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Greek	0	0	0	5	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	65	30	35	5	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	40	20	25	0	0	0
Bengali	5	5	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	15	5	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	5	5	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	10	0	5	0	0	0
Iranian languages	20	10	10	0	5	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	5	5	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	15	10	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	55	25	30	5	0	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	0	5	0	5
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	5	5
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	55	20	30	5	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	10	5	10	5	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	5	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	30	10	15	0	5	0
American Sign Language	10	5	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	10	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	105	50	60	0	0	0
Chinese languages	110	50	60	0	0	0
Cantonese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	70	35	35	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	20	5	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	5	5	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	420	190	230	60	35	30
English and French	90	40	50	5	5	5
English and non-official language	330	150	180	50	25	25
French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language	5	0	0	5	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	79,305	38,340	40,960	8,140	4,120	4,020
None	77,505	37,560	39,950	7,865	3,990	3,870
English	305	140	165	50	25	25
French	770	305	465	65	30	35
Non-official language	685	315	370	150	70	85
Aboriginal	95	35	60	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	585	280	310	150	70	80
English and French	5	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	5	5	5	0	5
French and non-official language	30	15	15	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	67,360	32,375	34,990	6,625	3,350	3,275
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	64,780	31,145	33,630	6,440	3,270	3,165
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,911	35,493	24,269	40,094	48,759	32,947
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	64,810	31,150	33,655	6,440	3,270	3,170
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,418	31,410	22,767	35,845	42,331	29,728
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	55,080	27,305	27,775	6,150	3,160	2,985
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,796	33,199	21,880	36,493	45,312	27,824
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	50,125	22,335	27,790	4,235	1,940	2,295
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,377	8,865	7,984	5,376	3,832	6,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	43,655	22,175	21,485	5,235	2,780	2,455
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,638	33,579	23,500	34,619	43,236	27,584
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	67,355	32,355	35,005	6,625	3,355	3,275
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	64,770	31,170	33,600	6,435	3,280	3,150
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,363	44,146	31,071	47,002	54,021	39,685
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	64,795	31,165	33,630	6,435	3,285	3,150
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,266	36,015	26,865	39,142	44,478	33,578
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	55,065	27,250	27,810	6,180	3,175	3,005
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,680	42,800	28,702	43,901	51,462	35,908
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	50,190	22,305	27,890	4,130	1,875	2,260
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,071	9,393	8,813	7,551	7,508	7,587
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	43,655	22,105	21,550	5,235	2,800	2,435
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,781	42,121	29,278	42,469	47,574	36,601
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	67,360	32,355	35,005	6,625	3,355	3,270
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	21,165	11,345	9,825	2,850	1,775	1,075
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	43,141	48,311	39,149	53,935	60,614	46,925
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	51,915	58,788	43,977	58,887	62,595	52,790
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	81.0	84.4	76.5	89.5	92.0	85.9
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	64.2	67.2	60.3	72.5	75.2	68.6
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	19.0	15.5	23.5	10.5	8.0	14.1
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	67,360	32,370	34,985	6,625	3,355	3,270
Without total income	2,580	1,225	1,360	190	90	105
With total income	64,780	31,150	33,630	6,435	3,265	3,170
Percentage with total income	96.2	96.2	96.1	97.1	97.3	96.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	8,980	3,675	5,310	755	300	455
$10,000 to $19,999	13,365	5,010	8,355	910	375	545
$20,000 to $29,999	11,020	4,585	6,435	805	335	470
$30,000 to $39,999	9,035	4,260	4,770	725	330	400
$40,000 to $49,999	7,260	3,975	3,285	755	340	415
$50,000 to $59,999	4,695	2,895	1,800	635	375	260
$60,000 to $69,999	3,080	2,020	1,060	525	330	195
$70,000 to $79,999	2,385	1,465	925	355	235	125
$80,000 to $89,999	1,730	970	760	235	165	75
$90,000 to $99,999	990	640	350	270	160	110
$100,000 and over	2,230	1,660	570	455	325	130
$100,000 to $149,999	1,655	1,205	445	365	260	105
$150,000 and over	580	450	130	90	70	25
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	67,360	32,375	34,990	6,630	3,355	3,270
Without after-tax income	2,555	1,220	1,330	190	85	105
With after-tax income	64,810	31,150	33,660	6,440	3,270	3,170
Percentage with after-tax income	96.2	96.2	96.2	97.1	97.5	96.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	9,360	3,755	5,605	790	315	475
$10,000 to $19,999	14,155	5,375	8,780	970	395	575
$20,000 to $29,999	13,170	5,685	7,490	920	385	540
$30,000 to $39,999	10,965	5,565	5,405	935	420	515
$40,000 to $49,999	7,040	4,225	2,815	910	500	410
$50,000 to $59,999	4,125	2,650	1,470	685	445	245
$60,000 to $69,999	2,715	1,580	1,135	415	275	140
$70,000 to $79,999	1,345	870	470	370	240	130
$80,000 and over	1,925	1,435	495	440	300	135
$80,000 to $89,999	700	490	210	180	125	60
$90,000 to $99,999	395	300	100	100	70	30
$100,000 and over	830	650	185	155	110	45
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	67,360	32,370	34,990	6,625	3,355	3,270
Without employment income	23,700	10,200	13,500	1,390	570	815
With employment income	43,655	22,170	21,490	5,240	2,780	2,455
Percentage with employment income	64.8	68.5	61.4	79.1	82.9	75.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	6,675	3,210	3,470	745	370	370
$5,000 to $9,999	3,945	1,635	2,310	475	215	270
$10,000 to $19,999	6,445	2,770	3,680	700	325	370
$20,000 to $29,999	6,005	2,565	3,440	475	210	265
$30,000 to $39,999	5,535	2,635	2,900	470	195	275
$40,000 to $49,999	4,510	2,515	1,995	500	230	275
$50,000 to $59,999	3,045	1,950	1,100	455	270	185
$60,000 to $69,999	2,065	1,365	700	380	255	125
$70,000 to $79,999	1,805	1,095	705	255	175	80
$80,000 and over	3,620	2,435	1,185	780	540	240
$80,000 to $89,999	1,385	735	650	210	140	65
$90,000 to $99,999	720	500	220	245	155	90
$100,000 and over	1,520	1,200	315	330	240	85
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	35,840	...	...	3,070	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	53,166	...	...	86,579	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	47,392	...	...	74,935	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	10,975	...	...	580	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	26,209	...	...	42,176	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	24,397	...	...	37,547	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	24,870	...	...	2,495	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	68,085	...	...	98,859	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	59,923	...	...	84,864	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	35,845	...	...	3,070	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	67,514	...	...	98,529	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	56,525	...	...	82,051	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	10,960	...	...	575	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,604	...	...	48,592	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	28,745	...	...	40,900	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	24,885	...	...	2,495	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	82,455	...	...	110,028	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	68,765	...	...	91,527	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	35,845	...	...	3,070	...	...
Under $5,000	505	...	...	20	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	750	...	...	20	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,275	...	...	40	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,250	...	...	65	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,130	...	...	65	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,935	...	...	70	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,275	...	...	80	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,025	...	...	90	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,950	...	...	115	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,790	...	...	95	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,150	...	...	240	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,910	...	...	240	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,465	...	...	240	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,020	...	...	225	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,640	...	...	210	...	...
$100,000 and over	6,780	...	...	1,250	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,935	...	...	445	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,685	...	...	305	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,430	...	...	330	...	...
$200,000 and over	735	...	...	170	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	35,840	...	...	3,070	...	...
Under $5,000	525	...	...	30	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	765	...	...	25	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,295	...	...	35	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,370	...	...	60	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,405	...	...	80	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,310	...	...	85	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,595	...	...	100	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,425	...	...	130	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,220	...	...	115	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,080	...	...	140	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,780	...	...	290	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,180	...	...	300	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,515	...	...	290	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,915	...	...	270	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,440	...	...	205	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,030	...	...	920	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,200	...	...	435	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	995	...	...	235	...	...
$150,000 and over	835	...	...	255	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	24,030	...	...	2,455	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	67,911	...	...	98,731	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	59,781	...	...	84,864	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	11,585	...	...	1,085	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	63,592	...	...	86,336	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	56,148	...	...	75,008	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	8,035	...	...	1,125	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	93,143	...	...	118,784	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	79,441	...	...	100,403	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.8	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	3,860	...	...	210	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	42,321	...	...	67,840	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	39,616	...	...	59,840	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	24,040	...	...	2,465	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	82,511	...	...	109,531	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	68,725	...	...	91,139	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	11,595	...	...	1,105	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	77,098	...	...	92,422	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	63,869	...	...	77,519	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	8,030	...	...	1,115	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	106,944	...	...	131,722	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	87,982	...	...	108,880	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,855	...	...	210	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,050	...	...	83,955	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	43,016	...	...	69,609	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	13,365	6,145	7,220	705	395	315
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	25,567	28,659	23,706	40,789	45,696	36,480
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	24,000	26,153	22,950	35,925	39,381	32,960
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	13,305	6,090	7,215	700	385	310
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	32,802	34,655	31,238	47,006	52,208	40,492
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	28,106	28,998	27,353	39,403	42,664	35,320
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	78,945	38,195	40,755	8,115	4,105	4,010
In the bottom half of the distribution	50,900	24,010	26,890	3,285	1,615	1,665
In the bottom decile	9,535	4,415	5,125	430	220	210
In the second decile	12,335	5,390	6,945	565	260	305
In the third decile	10,520	5,000	5,525	680	325	350
In the fourth decile	9,840	4,865	4,975	810	395	410
In the fifth decile	8,665	4,345	4,325	805	410	395
In the top half of the distribution	28,050	14,190	13,865	4,830	2,490	2,340
In the sixth decile	8,175	4,135	4,045	925	470	460
In the seventh decile	6,940	3,490	3,455	1,050	540	510
In the eighth decile	5,990	3,015	2,970	1,015	525	495
In the ninth decile	4,250	2,155	2,100	1,130	605	525
In the top decile	2,695	1,395	1,300	710	355	350
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	78,135	37,805	40,330	8,115	4,105	4,010
0 to 17 years	14,085	7,105	6,985	1,785	895	895
0 to 5 years	4,160	2,070	2,095	585	295	290
18 to 64 years	46,625	22,525	24,100	4,975	2,530	2,440
65 years and over	17,425	8,180	9,245	1,355	680	675
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	15,905	7,100	8,805	655	320	335
0 to 17 years	3,730	1,850	1,880	190	90	100
0 to 5 years	1,345	640	700	65	35	35
18 to 64 years	8,355	3,785	4,570	370	190	185
65 years and over	3,815	1,465	2,350	95	45	55
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	20.4	18.8	21.8	8.1	7.8	8.4
0 to 17 years (%)	26.5	26.0	26.9	10.6	10.1	11.2
0 to 5 years (%)	32.3	30.9	33.4	11.1	11.9	12.1
18 to 64 years (%)	17.9	16.8	19.0	7.4	7.5	7.6
65 years and over (%)	21.9	17.9	25.4	7.0	6.6	8.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	5,450	2,620	2,830	210	115	90
0 to 17 years	1,255	620	640	40	20	15
0 to 5 years	455	200	250	15	10	5
18 to 64 years	3,950	1,900	2,055	150	80	70
65 years and over	245	100	140	20	15	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	7.0	6.9	7.0	2.6	2.8	2.2
0 to 17 years (%)	8.9	8.7	9.2	2.2	2.2	1.7
0 to 5 years (%)	10.9	9.7	11.9	2.6	3.4	1.7
18 to 64 years (%)	8.5	8.4	8.5	3.0	3.2	2.9
65 years and over (%)	1.4	1.2	1.5	1.5	2.2	0.7
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	78,950	38,195	40,750	8,115	4,105	4,010
Official languages	78,850	38,135	40,715	8,080	4,090	3,990
English	78,830	38,130	40,700	8,080	4,085	3,990
French	4,395	1,795	2,600	310	105	205
Non-official languages	2,535	1,185	1,350	695	310	385
Aboriginal languages	195	75	115	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	190	75	120	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	10	0	10	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	190	75	115	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	185	70	115	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	10	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,340	1,115	1,230	690	310	385
Afro-Asiatic languages	165	90	80	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	170	90	80	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	165	85	80	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	150	45	110	35	25	15
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	15	0	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	0	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	150	45	105	35	20	15
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	20	10	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	20	15	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	20	10	15	0	0	0
Telugu	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,470	695	775	625	270	355
Albanian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	150	70	80	25	0	20
Baltic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Latvian	15	10	10	10	0	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	140	65	75	20	10	15
Belarusan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Czech	10	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	45	25	20	0	0	0
Russian	60	15	45	10	0	10
Serbian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	10	0	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	35	25	15	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	40	15	25	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	35	15	20	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	660	335	330	505	210	300
Afrikaans	15	10	10	0	0	0
Danish	15	0	10	15	0	10
Dutch	260	130	135	235	110	130
Frisian	20	15	0	25	10	15
German	400	195	205	240	90	150
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	15	15	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	15
Greek	10	0	0	10	0	10
Indo-Iranian languages	230	100	130	25	10	15
Indo-Aryan languages	200	90	110	0	0	0
Bengali	25	10	15	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	75	35	40	0	0	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	80	35	45	0	0	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15	10	0	0	0	0
Urdu	45	15	25	0	0	0
Iranian languages	30	10	20	20	10	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	25	10	20	20	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	425	190	235	70	45	25
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	30	20	10	15	15	0
Portuguese	30	15	15	10	10	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	380	160	215	50	25	25
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	65	35	30	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	40	20	25	15	15	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	60	35	25	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	25	10	10	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	0	10	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	20	20	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	140	65	75	0	10	0
American Sign Language	45	10	30	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	95	50	45	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	170	85	85	0	0	0
Chinese languages	175	85	85	0	0	0
Cantonese	75	40	40	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	90	40	55	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	40	20	20	10	10	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	30	10	25	10	0	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	78,950	38,200	40,750	8,115	4,105	4,010
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	77,570	37,515	40,055	7,970	4,040	3,925
Canadian citizens aged under 18	14,215	7,150	7,065	1,765	880	890
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	63,355	30,360	32,995	6,200	3,160	3,035
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	1,380	685	695	145	65	80
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	78,950	38,200	40,755	8,110	4,105	4,010
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	75,815	36,665	39,150	7,570	3,810	3,755
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	2,815	1,340	1,475	510	265	245
Before 1981	1,350	705	645	340	175	165
1981 to 1990	285	145	145	35	20	15
1991 to 2000	245	85	160	85	45	35
2001 to 2010	480	200	280	20	15	10
2001 to 2005	220	95	130	15	10	0
2006 to 2010	260	110	155	0	10	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	460	210	250	40	15	20
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	320	195	125	30	20	10
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	2,820	1,345	1,475	515	270	245
Under 5 years	420	210	210	95	40	60
5 to 14 years	540	260	275	140	80	60
15 to 24 years	530	230	300	135	75	65
25 to 44 years	1,070	525	545	130	70	60
45 years and over	265	120	150	10	10	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	2,820	1,340	1,475	515	270	245
Americas	700	335	370	95	50	45
Brazil	10	10	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	10	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	15	0	10	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	10	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	45	25	20	0	0	0
Mexico	25	10	10	15	15	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	535	245	290	50	20	30
Other places of birth in Americas	75	35	40	20	0	15
Europe	1,455	705	750	370	200	180
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	15	10	10	0	0	0
France	15	10	10	0	0	0
Germany	145	75	70	25	10	15
Greece	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hungary	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	35	10	20	0	0	10
Italy	20	15	0	0	10	0
Netherlands	235	135	100	195	100	95
Poland	25	10	20	10	0	0
Portugal	0	10	10	0	0	0
Romania	10	0	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	15	0	10	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	10	10	10	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	805	365	435	110	70	40
Other places of birth in Europe	115	65	50	25	10	15
Africa	80	55	25	0	0	0
Algeria	10	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	10	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	20	15	10	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	20	20	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	40	25	15	0	0	0
Asia	550	225	320	35	15	15
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	10	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	75	25	55	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	90	50	45	10	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	25	10	15	10	10	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	20	0	10	20	15	10
Lebanon	40	20	20	0	0	0
Pakistan	35	15	20	0	0	0
Philippines	145	50	95	10	0	10
Sri Lanka	10	10	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	25	15	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	45	20	25	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	30	15	15	10	10	10
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	460	210	250	40	15	20
Americas	95	45	50	25	10	10
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	35	15	15	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	10	10	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	50	25	25	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	10	10	10	0	15
Europe	145	70	80	10	10	0
France	10	10	0	0	0	0
Germany	15	15	0	10	10	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	110	40	65	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	10	0	0	0	10
Africa	15	10	10	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	10	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	10	0	0	0	0
Asia	190	75	110	0	0	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	45	20	25	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	105	35	70	10	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	10	10	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Australia	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	78,950	38,200	40,755	8,115	4,100	4,010
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	3,405	1,640	1,770	565	295	270
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	5,000	2,340	2,655	1,165	595	570
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	70,550	34,220	36,325	6,385	3,210	3,170
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	1,495	650	845	175	95	80
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	840	385	450	80	45	35
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	360	230	125	25	25	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	480	155	325	60	25	35
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	575	230	345	60	35	25
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	70	30	35	25	20	15
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	15	0	10	10	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	78,945	38,195	40,750	8,110	4,100	4,010
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	3,480	1,620	1,860	55	10	45
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	3,370	1,575	1,795	55	10	45
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	2,280	1,040	1,245	20	0	20
Métis	1,040	510	535	40	10	30
Inuk (Inuit)	50	30	20	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	35	15	15	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	75	30	45	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	75,465	36,575	38,890	8,060	4,095	3,965
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	78,950	38,195	40,750	8,110	4,100	4,010
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	1,750	780	965	10	0	10
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	77,200	37,415	39,780	8,100	4,105	4,000
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	78,950	38,195	40,750	8,110	4,100	4,010
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	1,005	505	500	0	0	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	1,000	505	500	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	930	475	455	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	60	20	45	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	10	10	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	10	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	4,165	1,845	2,315	130	55	80
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	4,090	1,825	2,265	130	55	75
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,905	1,280	1,630	90	45	45
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,110	515	600	45	10	30
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	80	35	40	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	70	20	50	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	65	15	50	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	73,780	35,845	37,935	7,980	4,050	3,930
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	78,950	38,195	40,755	8,115	4,105	4,010
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	2,475	1,185	1,290	160	90	70
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	320	145	175	20	10	10
Chinese	195	70	125	0	0	0
Black	1,290	675	615	45	20	25
Filipino	190	85	105	35	20	15
Latin American	115	55	60	10	10	0
Arab	145	75	75	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	60	25	30	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	35	20	20	20	10	15
Korean	50	20	30	25	15	10
Japanese	35	0	35	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	30	10	20	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	76,470	37,010	39,465	7,955	4,015	3,940
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	78,950	38,200	40,750	8,115	4,105	4,010
North American Aboriginal origins	5,170	2,350	2,820	135	55	85
First Nations (North American Indian)	3,905	1,775	2,130	95	45	50
Inuit	90	50	45	0	0	0
Métis	1,240	550	690	40	0	30
Other North American origins	38,780	18,700	20,080	2,870	1,470	1,400
Acadian	1,345	645	700	0	0	0
American	520	260	260	105	45	55
Canadian	37,340	17,980	19,365	2,840	1,460	1,380
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	65	40	25	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	100	55	45	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	53,170	25,470	27,700	6,655	3,355	3,300
British Isles origins	46,530	22,230	24,295	5,000	2,510	2,490
Channel Islander	10	10	10	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	25,035	11,850	13,190	3,370	1,625	1,745
Irish	16,440	7,580	8,860	1,815	875	935
Manx	10	0	0	10	10	10
Scottish	26,245	12,590	13,655	2,675	1,370	1,305
Welsh	1,155	505	650	115	60	60
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	1,445	600	845	205	95	110
French origins	10,705	5,065	5,640	550	235	315
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	10,705	5,065	5,640	550	240	315
Western European origins (except French origins)	8,625	3,910	4,710	2,875	1,480	1,390
Austrian	165	80	85	20	10	10
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	240	100	140	100	55	45
Dutch	2,485	1,100	1,385	1,425	725	700
Flemish	10	0	10	20	15	0
Frisian	0	0	10	0	0	0
German	6,150	2,815	3,340	1,490	770	720
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	260	105	155	100	50	45
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,335	550	780	170	85	85
Danish	405	170	235	70	45	25
Finnish	90	25	60	0	0	0
Icelandic	40	10	25	0	0	0
Norwegian	355	175	180	30	10	25
Swedish	355	125	230	55	20	30
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	145	70	70	20	10	10
Eastern European origins	1,680	815	865	395	175	225
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	20	0	25	0	0	0
Czech	80	55	30	0	10	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	40	25	25	35	15	20
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	130	40	95	55	35	20
Latvian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Lithuanian	50	20	35	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	610	325	285	155	55	105
Romanian	65	30	35	50	30	20
Russian	220	105	120	35	15	20
Slovak	50	25	25	15	10	0
Ukrainian	535	265	270	80	35	50
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	25	15	10	0	0	0
Southern European origins	1,345	640	705	200	130	70
Albanian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	45	20	20	10	0	10
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	90	35	50	25	15	10
Italian	700	335	365	130	100	35
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Maltese	20	20	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	200	95	105	30	10	15
Serbian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Spanish	240	120	125	45	30	20
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	10	0	10	10	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	120	65	50	15	0	15
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	35	25	10	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	80	40	40	15	0	10
Caribbean origins	215	105	115	15	0	0
Antiguan	20	0	15	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Bermudan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	140	70	70	10	10	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	10	0	0	10	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	25	15	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	215	115	95	85	40	45
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Chilean	40	25	15	0	0	0
Colombian	45	25	15	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	15	10	0	15	10	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	10	10	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	65	40	25	45	15	30
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Salvadorean	10	10	0	10	10	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	10	0	10	0	0	0
African origins	950	455	500	20	0	15
Central and West African origins	50	25	25	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	10	10	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	65	10	50	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	25	0	25	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Sudanese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	25	10	20	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	55	30	30	0	0	10
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	15	0	15	0	0	0
South African	15	10	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	30	15	15	0	0	0
Other African origins	785	390	395	15	0	10
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	165	75	90	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	625	315	310	15	10	10
Asian origins	1,465	675	790	100	55	45
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	490	245	240	20	10	10
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	15	0	15	0	0	0
Armenian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	65	20	45	20	10	15
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	320	180	135	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	50	20	30	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	20	10	10	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	355	175	170	20	15	10
Bangladeshi	20	0	15	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	15	10	10	0	0	0
East Indian	260	135	130	20	10	10
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	20	15	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	30	10	20	0	0	0
Sinhalese	25	10	15	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	565	230	335	55	35	25
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	270	105	165	0	0	0
Filipino	160	70	85	35	25	15
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	50	10	35	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	55	25	40	25	15	15
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	20	0	15	0	0	0
Thai	15	10	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	10	10	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	55	20	35	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	55	20	35	0	0	0
Oceania origins	65	20	40	0	0	0
Australian	35	15	20	0	0	0
New Zealander	30	0	20	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	10	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	35,845	...	...	3,070	...	...
Owner	25,815	...	...	2,510	...	...
Renter	9,770	...	...	560	...	...
Band housing	260	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	35,840	...	...	3,070	...	...
Condominium	465	...	...	20	...	...
Not condominium	35,375	...	...	3,050	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	35,840	...	...	3,070	...	...
No bedrooms	30	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	3,835	...	...	115	...	...
2 bedrooms	10,305	...	...	365	...	...
3 bedrooms	13,980	...	...	1,490	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	7,695	...	...	1,090	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	35,840	...	...	3,070	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	7,720	...	...	170	...	...
5 rooms	6,310	...	...	265	...	...
6 rooms	6,155	...	...	490	...	...
7 rooms	5,155	...	...	525	...	...
8 or more rooms	10,510	...	...	1,630	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.4	...	...	7.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	35,840	...	...	3,070	...	...
One person or fewer per room	35,720	...	...	3,050	...	...
More than 1 person per room	120	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	35,840	...	...	3,070	...	...
Suitable	35,045	...	...	3,010	...	...
Not suitable	795	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	35,840	...	...	3,070	...	...
1960 or before	12,010	...	...	1,355	...	...
1961 to 1980	9,630	...	...	920	...	...
1981 to 1990	5,000	...	...	210	...	...
1991 to 2000	4,085	...	...	160	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,655	...	...	145	...	...
2006 to 2010	2,080	...	...	180	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	1,385	...	...	105	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	35,845	...	...	3,070	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	32,115	...	...	2,885	...	...
Major repairs needed	3,725	...	...	185	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	35,840	...	...	3,070	...	...
1 household maintainer	22,220	...	...	1,555	...	...
2 household maintainers	13,290	...	...	1,485	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	330	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	35,845	...	...	3,070	...	...
15 to 24 years	960	...	...	35	...	...
25 to 34 years	3,715	...	...	380	...	...
35 to 44 years	4,905	...	...	510	...	...
45 to 54 years	6,715	...	...	630	...	...
55 to 64 years	7,820	...	...	720	...	...
65 to 74 years	6,605	...	...	495	...	...
75 to 84 years	3,725	...	...	220	...	...
85 years and over	1,395	...	...	95	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	34,950	...	...	2,705	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	27,860	...	...	2,335	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	7,090	...	...	370	...	...
30% to less than 100%	6,390	...	...	325	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	25,260	...	...	2,200	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	50.9	...	...	59.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	11.4	...	...	10.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	678	...	...	1,211	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	803	...	...	1,279	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	149,763	...	...	300,976	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	166,895	...	...	381,447	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	9,740	...	...	510	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	14.9	...	...	7.8	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	43.4	...	...	25.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	725	...	...	857	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	744	...	...	893	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	67,360	32,355	35,005	6,625	3,350	3,275
No certificate, diploma or degree	15,280	8,245	7,030	1,245	660	585
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	18,815	9,345	9,470	1,865	965	900
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	33,265	14,760	18,505	3,515	1,730	1,785
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	6,900	4,925	1,980	565	465	105
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	3,910	2,375	1,535	205	140	60
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,990	2,550	445	360	320	40
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	15,605	5,410	10,195	1,775	775	995
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,340	485	855	155	100	60
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	9,420	3,945	5,480	1,025	395	625
Bachelor's degree	6,340	2,580	3,755	765	295	475
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	565	190	370	65	25	35
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	300	160	145	55	25	30
Master's degree	2,025	880	1,145	120	50	70
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	190	125	65	20	10	15
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	41,390	19,880	21,505	4,320	2,220	2,100
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,955	3,650	2,315	450	285	165
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	11,640	5,895	5,745	1,180	635	550
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	23,790	10,340	13,455	2,685	1,300	1,380
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,575	3,280	1,300	445	380	60
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,580	1,560	1,015	160	120	35
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,000	1,720	280	280	255	25
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	11,335	4,050	7,295	1,390	595	795
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	825	305	520	100	65	35
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	7,050	2,705	4,340	750	265	485
Bachelor's degree	4,820	1,880	2,940	565	200	365
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	395	115	280	50	20	30
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	235	95	140	35	10	25
Master's degree	1,480	550	930	90	30	65
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	115	65	55	10	0	10
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	67,360	32,355	35,000	6,625	3,350	3,275
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	34,095	17,595	16,500	3,110	1,620	1,485
Education	3,035	805	2,230	255	60	190
13. Education	3,030	805	2,225	250	65	190
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	530	240	295	105	60	45
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	105	75	25	25	25	0
50. Visual and performing arts	430	160	270	85	35	45
Humanities	1,120	455	670	145	55	85
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	70	10	60	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	225	65	160	45	15	30
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	260	105	155	45	20	30
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	10	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	75	35	35	10	10	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	225	130	100	10	0	0
54. History	210	105	105	30	20	10
55. French language and literature/letters	55	10	50	10	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,790	670	2,115	295	65	230
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	25	0	25	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	125	65	60	10	10	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	895	55	840	80	0	80
22. Legal professions and studies	555	110	450	40	10	30
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	55	0	60	10	0	10
42. Psychology	490	90	400	50	10	40
45. Social sciences	640	350	290	105	40	65
Business, management and public administration	6,980	1,605	5,375	450	130	315
30.16 Accounting and computer science	20	0	20	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	675	150	525	65	10	60
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	6,285	1,455	4,830	385	130	260
Physical and life sciences and technologies	840	420	415	75	20	55
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	325	140	185	30	0	30
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	210	115	90	20	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	20	0	20	10	0	0
40. Physical sciences	210	160	55	0	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	70	10	65	15	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	890	485	400	105	50	55
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	735	425	310	50	20	25
25. Library science	70	0	60	15	10	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	85	60	25	40	20	15
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	7,070	6,765	300	835	805	30
04. Architecture and related services	55	35	20	15	15	0
14. Engineering	540	460	80	40	40	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,125	1,000	120	205	180	20
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,930	1,915	10	210	205	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,420	2,375	40	260	265	0
48. Precision production	1,000	980	25	100	100	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,490	955	535	400	300	100
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	935	480	455	340	265	75
03. Natural resources and conservation	550	475	80	55	35	20
Health and related fields	5,630	740	4,890	655	60	590
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	300	150	150	65	25	40
51. Health professions and related programs	5,260	540	4,715	585	40	545
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	70	50	20	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,890	1,610	1,280	210	125	85
12. Personal and culinary services	1,455	350	1,105	70	15	60
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	80	75	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	540	405	140	80	60	30
49. Transportation and materials moving	810	775	40	55	55	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	41,390	19,885	21,510	4,320	2,220	2,100
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	17,600	9,540	8,055	1,635	920	720
Education	1,945	465	1,485	145	35	105
13. Education	1,950	465	1,480	145	35	110
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	395	170	225	90	50	40
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	70	55	20	15	15	0
50. Visual and performing arts	325	120	205	75	35	35
Humanities	790	310	475	70	25	50
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	45	10	35	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	155	40	115	25	10	15
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	210	85	125	20	10	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	10	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	45	20	25	10	0	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	115	65	45	0	0	0
54. History	170	85	85	10	10	0
55. French language and literature/letters	45	10	45	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,295	515	1,780	230	45	185
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	115	65	55	15	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	740	45	695	65	0	65
22. Legal professions and studies	465	60	410	30	10	25
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	40	0	40	0	0	10
42. Psychology	400	65	330	30	10	25
45. Social sciences	525	280	240	80	25	55
Business, management and public administration	4,825	1,145	3,675	360	90	270
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	0	15	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	565	115	455	55	10	55
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,240	1,030	3,210	305	85	215
Physical and life sciences and technologies	585	290	305	70	10	60
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	245	110	135	35	0	30
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	150	80	70	15	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	15	0	20	10	0	10
40. Physical sciences	145	95	45	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	40	0	35	10	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	725	425	295	70	30	40
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	625	385	240	35	15	20
25. Library science	45	10	40	15	10	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	55	40	15	25	10	15
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	4,945	4,690	255	690	670	20
04. Architecture and related services	35	15	20	10	10	0
14. Engineering	365	300	65	30	30	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	755	655	105	150	140	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,430	1,420	0	195	190	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,745	1,705	40	220	220	0
48. Precision production	620	600	20	80	80	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,095	670	430	325	240	85
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	685	320	365	290	225	70
03. Natural resources and conservation	415	345	70	30	15	15
Health and related fields	4,085	535	3,545	485	30	460
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	215	105	110	45	15	35
51. Health professions and related programs	3,815	395	3,420	435	20	420
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	55	40	15	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,105	1,125	980	150	85	65
12. Personal and culinary services	1,105	270	840	55	10	50
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	25	25	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	395	285	115	65	45	20
49. Transportation and materials moving	575	550	25	30	30	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	67,360	32,355	35,005	6,625	3,355	3,275
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	34,095	17,595	16,500	3,110	1,625	1,490
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	33,265	14,760	18,505	3,520	1,730	1,785
Location of study inside Canada	31,705	13,995	17,710	3,335	1,630	1,705
Same as province or territory of residence	24,295	10,245	14,045	3,235	1,590	1,650
Different than province or territory of residence	7,415	3,750	3,665	100	45	55
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,555	765	795	180	100	80
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	615	330	285	45	30	15
Philippines	65	15	50	35	20	15
India	65	35	35	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	325	170	155	30	25	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	10	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other	475	200	275	75	30	50
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	41,390	19,885	21,510	4,315	2,225	2,100
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	17,600	9,540	8,055	1,640	920	720
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	23,790	10,345	13,450	2,680	1,300	1,380
Location of study inside Canada	22,765	9,905	12,860	2,555	1,235	1,320
Same as province or territory of residence	17,580	7,325	10,255	2,480	1,205	1,280
Different than province or territory of residence	5,185	2,575	2,605	75	30	40
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,025	440	590	125	70	60
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	350	150	200	35	15	15
Philippines	55	20	40	30	20	15
India	45	20	20	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	210	105	105	10	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	10	10	0	0	0
France	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other	360	135	225	50	20	30
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	67,355	32,355	35,005	6,625	3,350	3,275
In the labour force	38,930	19,930	19,000	4,805	2,595	2,210
Employed	35,005	17,490	17,520	4,655	2,530	2,125
Unemployed	3,925	2,440	1,480	155	70	85
Not in the labour force	28,430	12,425	16,000	1,815	755	1,065
Participation rate	57.8	61.6	54.3	72.5	77.5	67.5
Employment rate	52.0	54.1	50.0	70.3	75.5	64.9
Unemployment rate	10.1	12.2	7.8	3.2	2.7	3.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	67,360	32,355	35,000	6,630	3,350	3,270
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	25,915	11,250	14,665	1,630	705	925
Worked	41,445	21,110	20,335	4,995	2,645	2,350
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	21,695	11,690	10,000	2,905	1,820	1,090
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	19,755	9,415	10,340	2,090	825	1,260
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.9	41.9	41.8	45.2	46.5	43.7
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	38,930	19,930	18,995	4,810	2,600	2,210
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	655	345	310	25	15	10
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	38,275	19,585	18,690	4,790	2,585	2,205
Employee	34,215	17,060	17,160	3,940	1,990	1,945
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	4,055	2,525	1,530	850	595	255
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	38,935	19,935	19,000	4,810	2,595	2,210
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	655	340	310	20	15	10
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	38,275	19,585	18,690	4,785	2,585	2,205
0 Management occupations	3,565	2,115	1,445	855	600	255
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	5,015	1,310	3,710	615	135	475
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,565	1,225	340	190	110	80
3 Health occupations	3,015	395	2,620	285	25	260
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	4,545	1,415	3,125	405	90	315
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	715	280	435	65	20	45
6 Sales and service occupations	8,845	3,335	5,510	745	270	475
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	6,785	6,410	375	995	920	70
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,770	1,485	290	300	195	100
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,455	1,615	840	340	220	115
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	38,935	19,935	19,000	4,810	2,600	2,215
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	655	340	310	25	15	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	38,275	19,585	18,685	4,790	2,585	2,205
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	2,175	1,635	540	770	530	235
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	460	425	35	15	20	0
22 Utilities	105	70	30	30	20	10
23 Construction	2,795	2,475	320	420	365	50
31-33 Manufacturing	4,340	2,995	1,345	720	480	240
41 Wholesale trade	1,495	1,075	425	180	130	50
44-45 Retail trade	5,195	2,295	2,900	360	185	175
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,705	1,360	350	330	250	80
51 Information and cultural industries	410	245	165	50	30	25
52 Finance and insurance	690	265	430	160	40	115
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	355	200	155	40	15	20
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,275	570	705	200	60	140
55 Management of companies and enterprises	35	15	15	0	0	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,405	870	540	140	55	90
61 Educational services	2,710	880	1,830	270	65	205
62 Health care and social assistance	5,325	765	4,565	495	30	465
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	715	320	395	60	35	25
72 Accommodation and food services	2,545	800	1,740	205	75	130
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,635	840	800	215	115	105
91 Public administration	2,895	1,480	1,415	135	85	45
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	35,010	17,490	17,515	4,650	2,530	2,125
Worked at home	2,635	1,365	1,265	760	450	310
Worked outside Canada	85	55	30	10	10	0
No fixed workplace address	4,265	3,150	1,110	535	375	160
Worked at usual place	28,030	12,915	15,115	3,345	1,695	1,650
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	28,025	12,915	15,110	3,345	1,690	1,650
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	11,425	5,265	6,160	485	325	160
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	12,330	5,195	7,130	1,030	550	475
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	3,350	1,905	1,445	1,830	810	1,015
Commute to a different province or territory	925	545	380	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	32,285	16,065	16,220	3,880	2,070	1,810
Car, truck, van - as a driver	27,655	13,930	13,725	3,525	1,875	1,650
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	2,330	1,030	1,295	170	75	95
Public transit	160	90	70	30	15	15
Walked	1,640	715	925	105	70	35
Bicycle	100	75	25	10	10	10
Other method	400	225	175	45	30	10
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	32,285	16,065	16,220	3,880	2,065	1,815
Less than 15 minutes	14,950	6,745	8,200	940	570	370
15 to 29 minutes	9,680	4,650	5,030	1,660	825	830
30 to 44 minutes	3,660	2,050	1,605	780	415	365
45 to 59 minutes	1,705	995	715	305	135	170
60 minutes and over	2,295	1,620	670	190	120	75
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	32,285	16,065	16,220	3,880	2,065	1,815
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	2,510	1,765	745	360	265	100
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	6,355	3,525	2,835	785	530	260
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	9,820	5,045	4,770	1,120	570	545
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	6,320	2,240	4,075	705	250	455
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	2,450	820	1,630	270	85	180
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	4,830	2,665	2,165	635	365	275
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	42,575	21,630	20,950	5,095	2,710	2,385
Single responses	42,460	21,575	20,880	5,080	2,700	2,380
Official languages	42,410	21,540	20,870	5,050	2,685	2,360
English	42,250	21,520	20,725	5,020	2,680	2,335
French	165	20	140	35	10	30
Non-official languages	45	35	10	30	15	15
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	45	35	10	30	15	20
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	15	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	15	10	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	35	20	10	30	15	15
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	25	25	10	30	15	20
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	10	10	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	25	20	10	20	10	15
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	115	55	65	15	0	10
English and French	70	30	40	0	0	0
English and non-official language	45	20	25	15	10	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	42,575	21,630	20,950	5,095	2,710	2,385
None	41,870	21,335	20,535	4,965	2,640	2,320
English	115	30	85	40	15	25
French	465	225	245	30	10	20
Non-official language	105	35	70	65	45	15
Aboriginal	40	20	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	65	15	50	60	45	15
English and French	0	0	10	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	10	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	78,370	37,900	40,470	8,005	4,065	3,940
Non-movers	69,440	33,620	35,825	7,390	3,775	3,615
Movers	8,935	4,285	4,645	620	290	325
Non-migrants	4,980	2,425	2,560	185	95	90
Migrants	3,950	1,860	2,090	430	195	240
Internal migrants	3,700	1,715	1,985	420	185	230
Intraprovincial migrants	2,635	1,210	1,425	405	180	225
Interprovincial migrants	1,070	505	565	15	10	10
External migrants	250	145	100	15	10	10
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	75,510	36,545	38,965	7,630	3,885	3,745
Non-movers	51,410	25,225	26,185	5,760	2,965	2,795
Movers	24,100	11,320	12,780	1,875	920	950
Non-migrants	13,095	6,255	6,840	625	300	325
Migrants	11,010	5,070	5,940	1,245	625	625
Internal migrants	10,270	4,675	5,595	1,175	585	590
Intraprovincial migrants	6,985	3,135	3,850	1,160	585	575
Interprovincial migrants	3,280	1,540	1,740	15	0	15
External migrants	740	395	350	75	40	35

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 37 referrer

Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 38 referrer

Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

Return to footnote 39 referrer

Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 40 referrer

Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

Return to footnote 41 referrer

Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 42 referrer

Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Return to footnote 43 referrer

Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 44 referrer

Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 45 referrer

Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Return to footnote 46 referrer

Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Return to footnote 47 referrer

Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 48 referrer

Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Return to footnote 49 referrer

Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 50 referrer

Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 51 referrer

Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Return to footnote 52 referrer

Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 53 referrer

Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 54 referrer

Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Return to footnote 55 referrer

Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Return to footnote 56 referrer

Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Return to footnote 57 referrer

Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Return to footnote 58 referrer

Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Return to footnote 59 referrer

Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Return to footnote 60 referrer

Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Return to footnote 61 referrer

Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Return to footnote 62 referrer

Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Return to footnote 63 referrer

Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Return to footnote 64 referrer

Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Return to footnote 65 referrer

Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Return to footnote 66 referrer

Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Return to footnote 67 referrer

Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 68 referrer

Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Return to footnote 69 referrer

Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Return to footnote 70 referrer

Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Return to footnote 71 referrer

Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 72 referrer

Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Return to footnote 73 referrer

Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Return to footnote 74 referrer

Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Return to footnote 75 referrer

Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Return to footnote 76 referrer

Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Return to footnote 77 referrer

Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Return to footnote 78 referrer

Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 79 referrer

Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Return to footnote 80 referrer

Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Return to footnote 81 referrer

Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 82 referrer

Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Return to footnote 83 referrer

Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Return to footnote 84 referrer

Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 85 referrer

Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Return to footnote 86 referrer

Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 87 referrer

Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 88 referrer

Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 89 referrer

Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 90 referrer

Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 91 referrer

Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 92 referrer

Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 93 referrer

Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Return to footnote 94 referrer

Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 95 referrer

Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Return to footnote 96 referrer

Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Return to footnote 97 referrer

Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Return to footnote 98 referrer

Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Return to footnote 99 referrer

Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Return to footnote 100 referrer

Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Return to footnote 101 referrer

Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Return to footnote 102 referrer

Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 103 referrer

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Return to footnote 104 referrer

Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Return to footnote 105 referrer

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Return to footnote 106 referrer

Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Return to footnote 107 referrer

Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 108 referrer

Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Return to footnote 109 referrer

Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 110 referrer

Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Return to footnote 111 referrer

Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 112 referrer

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Return to footnote 113 referrer

Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 114 referrer

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Return to footnote 115 referrer

Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Return to footnote 116 referrer

Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Return to footnote 117 referrer

Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Return to footnote 118 referrer

Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 119 referrer

Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Return to footnote 120 referrer

Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 121 referrer

Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Return to footnote 122 referrer

Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 123 referrer

Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Return to footnote 124 referrer

Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Return to footnote 125 referrer

Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Return to footnote 126 referrer

Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Return to footnote 127 referrer

Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 128 referrer

Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Return to footnote 129 referrer

Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

Return to footnote 130 referrer

Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

Return to footnote 131 referrer

Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

Return to footnote 132 referrer

Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

Return to footnote 133 referrer

Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

Return to footnote 134 referrer

Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

Return to footnote 135 referrer

Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

Return to footnote 136 referrer

Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 137 referrer

Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

Return to footnote 138 referrer

Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

Return to footnote 139 referrer

Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

Return to footnote 140 referrer

Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

Return to footnote 141 referrer

Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

Return to footnote 142 referrer

Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

Return to footnote 143 referrer

Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

Return to footnote 144 referrer

Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

Return to footnote 145 referrer

Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Return to footnote 146 referrer

Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Return to footnote 147 referrer

Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Return to footnote 148 referrer

Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Return to footnote 149 referrer

Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Return to footnote 150 referrer

Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Return to footnote 151 referrer

Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Return to footnote 152 referrer

Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Return to footnote 153 referrer

Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Return to footnote 154 referrer

Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Return to footnote 155 referrer

Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Return to footnote 156 referrer

Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Return to footnote 157 referrer

Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Return to footnote 158 referrer

Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Return to footnote 159 referrer

Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Return to footnote 160 referrer

Footnote 161

Return to footnote 161 referrer

Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Return to footnote 162 referrer

Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Return to footnote 163 referrer

Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Return to footnote 164 referrer

Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Return to footnote 165 referrer

Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Return to footnote 166 referrer

Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Return to footnote 167 referrer

Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

Return to footnote 168 referrer

Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

Return to footnote 169 referrer

Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

Return to footnote 170 referrer

Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

Return to footnote 171 referrer

Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Return to footnote 172 referrer

Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

Return to footnote 173 referrer

Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Return to footnote 174 referrer

Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Return to footnote 175 referrer

Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Return to footnote 176 referrer

Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Return to footnote 177 referrer

Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

Return to footnote 178 referrer

Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 179 referrer

Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Return to footnote 180 referrer

Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Return to footnote 181 referrer

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Cumberland--Colchester [Federal electoral district], Nova Scotia and Zorra, TP [Census subdivision], Ontario (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 3, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

Language selection

Search and menus

Search

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Cumberland--Colchester [Federal electoral district], Nova Scotia and Zorra, Township [Census subdivision], Ontario

Census Profile, 2016 Census Cumberland--Colchester [Federal electoral district], Nova Scotia and Zorra, Township [Census subdivision], Ontario

Source

How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Cumberland--Colchester [Federal electoral district], Nova Scotia and Zorra, Township [Census subdivision], Ontario