Census Profile, 2016 Census
South Shore--St. Margarets [Federal electoral district], Nova Scotia and Skwahla 2, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	South Shore--St. Margarets Nova Scotia [Federal electoral district]			Skwahla 2, IRI British Columbia [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , South Shore--St. Margarets [Federal electoral district], Nova Scotia Map : South Shore--St. Margarets [Federal electoral district], Nova Scotia Change geography 1			Data quality : Skwahla 2, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	91,830	...	...	0	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	92,561	...	...	0	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-0.8	...	...	...	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	49,931	...	...	0	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	40,529	...	...	0	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	10.8	...	...	0.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	8,474.95	...	...	0.10	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	91,830	45,070	46,760	x	x	x
0 to 14 years	12,225	6,320	5,900	x	x	x
0 to 4 years	3,695	1,900	1,790	x	x	x
5 to 9 years	4,175	2,170	2,000	x	x	x
10 to 14 years	4,360	2,250	2,110	x	x	x
15 to 64 years	57,730	28,440	29,295	x	x	x
15 to 19 years	4,715	2,470	2,250	x	x	x
20 to 24 years	3,840	2,005	1,835	x	x	x
25 to 29 years	3,715	1,860	1,855	x	x	x
30 to 34 years	4,090	1,940	2,155	x	x	x
35 to 39 years	4,595	2,210	2,385	x	x	x
40 to 44 years	5,675	2,740	2,935	x	x	x
45 to 49 years	6,500	3,200	3,305	x	x	x
50 to 54 years	8,045	3,950	4,090	x	x	x
55 to 59 years	8,545	4,210	4,335	x	x	x
60 to 64 years	8,005	3,855	4,155	x	x	x
65 years and over	21,875	10,310	11,560	x	x	x
65 to 69 years	7,715	3,795	3,920	x	x	x
70 to 74 years	5,475	2,750	2,725	x	x	x
75 to 79 years	3,680	1,765	1,910	x	x	x
80 to 84 years	2,545	1,125	1,425	x	x	x
85 years and over	2,455	875	1,590	x	x	x
85 to 89 years	1,485	590	895	x	x	x
90 to 94 years	720	235	490	x	x	x
95 to 99 years	205	45	165	x	x	x
100 years and over	40	5	35	x	x	x
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	x	x	x
0 to 14 years	13.3	14.0	12.6	x	x	x
15 to 64 years	62.9	63.1	62.6	x	x	x
65 years and over	23.8	22.9	24.7	x	x	x
85 years and over	2.7	1.9	3.4	x	x	x
Average age of the population	46.5	45.6	47.3	x	x	x
Median age of the population	50.4	49.7	51.0	x	x	x
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	40,530	...	...	x	...	...
Single-detached house	34,850	...	...	x	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	70	...	...	x	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	3,835	...	...	x	...	...
Semi-detached house	645	...	...	x	...	...
Row house	330	...	...	x	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	455	...	...	x	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,315	...	...	x	...	...
Other single-attached house	85	...	...	x	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	1,775	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	40,530	...	...	x	...	...
1 person	10,910	...	...	x	...	...
2 persons	17,600	...	...	x	...	...
3 persons	5,915	...	...	x	...	...
4 persons	4,415	...	...	x	...	...
5 or more persons	1,695	...	...	x	...	...
Number of persons in private households	90,610	...	...	x	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	x	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	79,605	38,745	40,855	x	x	x
Married or living common law	51,200	25,605	25,595	x	x	x
Married	42,145	21,080	21,070	x	x	x
Living common law	9,055	4,525	4,525	x	x	x
Not married and not living common law	28,405	13,145	15,260	x	x	x
Never married	15,685	8,815	6,875	x	x	x
Separated	2,200	1,005	1,190	x	x	x
Divorced	4,650	2,085	2,565	x	x	x
Widowed	5,870	1,240	4,625	x	x	x
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	29,145	...	...	x	...	...
2 persons	18,100	...	...	x	...	...
3 persons	5,745	...	...	x	...	...
4 persons	4,065	...	...	x	...	...
5 or more persons	1,240	...	...	x	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	x	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	29,145	...	...	x	...	...
Total couple families	25,335	...	...	x	...	...
Married couples	20,805	...	...	x	...	...
Common-law couples	4,525	...	...	x	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	3,815	...	...	x	...	...
Female parent	2,935	...	...	x	...	...
Male parent	875	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	25,330	...	...	x	...	...
Couples without children	15,640	...	...	x	...	...
Couples with children	9,690	...	...	x	...	...
1 child	4,695	...	...	x	...	...
2 children	3,830	...	...	x	...	...
3 or more children	1,165	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	3,815	...	...	x	...	...
1 child	2,460	...	...	x	...	...
2 children	1,050	...	...	x	...	...
3 or more children	310	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	14,400	6,610	7,790	x	x	x
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	40,525	...	...	x	...	...
One-census-family households	28,170	...	...	x	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	15,215	...	...	x	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	12,955	...	...	x	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	480	...	...	x	...	...
Non-census-family households	11,875	...	...	x	...	...
One-person households	10,910	...	...	x	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	965	...	...	x	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	90,875	44,745	46,130	x	x	x
English only	84,325	41,950	42,375	x	x	x
French only	20	10	10	x	x	x
English and French	6,450	2,740	3,710	x	x	x
Neither English nor French	80	40	40	x	x	x
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	90,875	44,745	46,130	x	x	x
English	89,600	44,125	45,475	x	x	x
French	1,100	535	565	x	x	x
English and French	105	50	55	x	x	x
Neither English nor French	70	40	35	x	x	x
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	1,155	555	595	x	x	x
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.3	1.2	1.3	x	x	x
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	90,875	44,745	46,130	x	x	x
Single responses	90,475	44,570	45,905	x	x	x
Official languages	88,745	43,700	45,040	x	x	x
English	87,575	43,140	44,430	x	x	x
French	1,170	560	615	x	x	x
Non-official languages	1,730	870	860	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages	20	10	10	x	x	x
Algonquian languages	10	5	5	x	x	x
Blackfoot	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Atikamekw	0	0	0	x	x	x
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Moose Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Naskapi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Plains Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Woods Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Eastern Algonquian languages	15	10	5	x	x	x
Malecite	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mi'kmaq	15	5	5	x	x	x
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ojibway	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Beaver	0	0	0	x	x	x
Carrier	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chilcotin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dene	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gwich'in	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sekani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	x	x	x
South Slavey	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haida	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuit languages	5	5	5	x	x	x
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuktitut	5	5	0	x	x	x
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cayuga	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mohawk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oneida	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kutenai	0	0	0	x	x	x
Michif	0	0	0	x	x	x
Salish languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Comox	0	0	0	x	x	x
Halkomelem	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lillooet	0	0	0	x	x	x
Okanagan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Squamish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Straits	0	0	0	x	x	x
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Siouan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dakota	0	0	0	x	x	x
Stoney	0	0	0	x	x	x
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tlingit	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nisga'a	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wakashan languages	5	0	0	x	x	x
Haisla	0	0	0	x	x	x
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,710	855	855	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages	135	75	55	x	x	x
Berber languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kabyle	0	0	0	x	x	x
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bilen	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oromo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Somali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Semitic languages	130	75	55	x	x	x
Amharic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Arabic	125	75	50	x	x	x
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Harari	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hebrew	10	5	5	x	x	x
Maltese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tigrigna	0	0	5	x	x	x
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	x	x	x
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Vietnamese	10	5	5	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austronesian languages	40	10	30	x	x	x
Bikol	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cebuano	5	0	10	x	x	x
Fijian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ilocano	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malagasy	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malay	0	0	5	x	x	x
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pangasinan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	30	10	20	x	x	x
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole languages	0	0	5	x	x	x
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dravidian languages	20	15	10	x	x	x
Kannada	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malayalam	15	10	5	x	x	x
Tamil	0	0	0	x	x	x
Telugu	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Indo-European languages	1,240	640	605	x	x	x
Albanian	5	5	5	x	x	x
Armenian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Balto-Slavic languages	215	90	120	x	x	x
Baltic languages	15	5	10	x	x	x
Latvian	10	5	5	x	x	x
Lithuanian	0	0	5	x	x	x
Slavic languages	205	90	115	x	x	x
Belarusan	5	5	0	x	x	x
Bosnian	5	0	0	x	x	x
Bulgarian	5	0	0	x	x	x
Croatian	5	5	0	x	x	x
Czech	25	15	10	x	x	x
Macedonian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Polish	50	15	30	x	x	x
Russian	80	35	45	x	x	x
Serbian	0	0	5	x	x	x
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slovak	5	0	5	x	x	x
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	5	0	x	x	x
Ukrainian	20	5	15	x	x	x
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Celtic languages	5	0	5	x	x	x
Scottish Gaelic	5	5	0	x	x	x
Welsh	0	0	0	x	x	x
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Germanic languages	745	400	340	x	x	x
Afrikaans	30	10	15	x	x	x
Danish	20	15	5	x	x	x
Dutch	135	65	65	x	x	x
Frisian	0	0	0	x	x	x
German	525	280	245	x	x	x
Icelandic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Norwegian	20	10	5	x	x	x
Swedish	10	5	5	x	x	x
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	5	0	x	x	x
Yiddish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Greek	15	15	0	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages	65	40	25	x	x	x
Indo-Aryan languages	45	30	15	x	x	x
Bengali	5	5	0	x	x	x
Gujarati	0	0	5	x	x	x
Hindi	10	10	5	x	x	x
Kashmiri	0	0	0	x	x	x
Konkani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Marathi	5	0	0	x	x	x
Nepali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	5	10	x	x	x
Sindhi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	5	5	x	x	x
Urdu	5	5	0	x	x	x
Iranian languages	15	10	10	x	x	x
Kurdish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pashto	0	0	0	x	x	x
Persian (Farsi)	15	5	10	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages	195	90	100	x	x	x
Catalan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Italian	45	30	15	x	x	x
Portuguese	35	20	25	x	x	x
Romanian	10	5	5	x	x	x
Spanish	95	35	55	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Japanese	30	15	15	x	x	x
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Georgian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Korean	20	10	15	x	x	x
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mongolian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	5	x	x	x
Akan (Twi)	0	0	5	x	x	x
Bamanankan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Edo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ewe	0	0	0	x	x	x
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ga	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ganda	0	0	0	x	x	x
Igbo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lingala	0	0	0	x	x	x
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Shona	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swahili	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wolof	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yoruba	5	0	5	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	5	5	x	x	x
Dinka	10	0	10	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sign languages	15	5	5	x	x	x
American Sign Language	5	5	0	x	x	x
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	0	5	x	x	x
Sino-Tibetan languages	105	50	60	x	x	x
Chinese languages	110	50	60	x	x	x
Cantonese	35	15	15	x	x	x
Hakka	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mandarin	50	20	30	x	x	x
Min Dong	0	0	0	x	x	x
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	15	5	5	x	x	x
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	10	5	x	x	x
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Burmese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Karenic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibetan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages	15	0	10	x	x	x
Lao	0	0	0	x	x	x
Thai	15	0	5	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkic languages	15	10	5	x	x	x
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkish	15	5	5	x	x	x
Uyghur	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uzbek	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uralic languages	45	15	30	x	x	x
Estonian	10	0	10	x	x	x
Finnish	5	0	5	x	x	x
Hungarian	25	10	15	x	x	x
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Multiple responses	400	175	225	x	x	x
English and French	195	85	115	x	x	x
English and non-official language	185	80	100	x	x	x
French and non-official language	5	0	0	x	x	x
English, French and non-official language	20	10	10	x	x	x
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	90,875	44,745	46,130	x	x	x
Single responses	90,390	44,510	45,880	x	x	x
Official languages	89,815	44,220	45,590	x	x	x
English	89,545	44,090	45,455	x	x	x
French	265	125	140	x	x	x
Non-official languages	575	290	285	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Blackfoot	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Atikamekw	0	0	0	x	x	x
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Moose Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Naskapi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Plains Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Woods Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malecite	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ojibway	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Beaver	0	0	0	x	x	x
Carrier	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chilcotin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dene	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gwich'in	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sekani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	x	x	x
South Slavey	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haida	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuit languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuktitut	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cayuga	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mohawk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oneida	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kutenai	0	0	0	x	x	x
Michif	0	0	0	x	x	x
Salish languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Comox	0	0	0	x	x	x
Halkomelem	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lillooet	0	0	0	x	x	x
Okanagan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Squamish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Straits	0	0	0	x	x	x
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Siouan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dakota	0	0	0	x	x	x
Stoney	0	0	0	x	x	x
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tlingit	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nisga'a	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haisla	0	0	0	x	x	x
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal languages	575	290	285	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages	90	45	40	x	x	x
Berber languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kabyle	0	0	0	x	x	x
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bilen	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oromo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Somali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Semitic languages	90	45	40	x	x	x
Amharic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Arabic	80	45	35	x	x	x
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Harari	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hebrew	5	5	5	x	x	x
Maltese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tigrigna	0	0	0	x	x	x
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	5	x	x	x
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Vietnamese	5	5	5	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austronesian languages	10	5	5	x	x	x
Bikol	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cebuano	0	0	0	x	x	x
Fijian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ilocano	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malagasy	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malay	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pangasinan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	5	x	x	x
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dravidian languages	5	0	5	x	x	x
Kannada	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malayalam	0	0	5	x	x	x
Tamil	0	0	0	x	x	x
Telugu	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Indo-European languages	355	180	175	x	x	x
Albanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Armenian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Balto-Slavic languages	60	30	35	x	x	x
Baltic languages	5	0	0	x	x	x
Latvian	5	0	0	x	x	x
Lithuanian	5	0	0	x	x	x
Slavic languages	55	25	30	x	x	x
Belarusan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bosnian	5	0	5	x	x	x
Bulgarian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Croatian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Czech	5	5	0	x	x	x
Macedonian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Polish	15	5	5	x	x	x
Russian	40	15	25	x	x	x
Serbian	5	0	0	x	x	x
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slovak	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ukrainian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Celtic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Welsh	0	0	0	x	x	x
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Germanic languages	215	110	110	x	x	x
Afrikaans	15	10	10	x	x	x
Danish	5	0	5	x	x	x
Dutch	15	10	5	x	x	x
Frisian	0	0	0	x	x	x
German	180	95	85	x	x	x
Icelandic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Norwegian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swedish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yiddish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Greek	0	0	0	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages	25	20	15	x	x	x
Indo-Aryan languages	20	15	5	x	x	x
Bengali	5	5	0	x	x	x
Gujarati	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hindi	5	5	0	x	x	x
Kashmiri	0	0	0	x	x	x
Konkani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Marathi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nepali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	0	0	x	x	x
Sindhi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	0	x	x	x
Urdu	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iranian languages	10	5	5	x	x	x
Kurdish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pashto	0	0	0	x	x	x
Persian (Farsi)	10	5	5	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages	45	20	25	x	x	x
Catalan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Italian	0	0	5	x	x	x
Portuguese	15	5	10	x	x	x
Romanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Spanish	30	10	15	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Japanese	10	5	5	x	x	x
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Georgian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Korean	5	0	5	x	x	x
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mongolian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bamanankan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Edo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ewe	0	0	0	x	x	x
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ga	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ganda	0	0	0	x	x	x
Igbo	0	5	0	x	x	x
Lingala	0	0	0	x	x	x
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Shona	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swahili	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wolof	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yoruba	0	0	0	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	0	5	x	x	x
Dinka	10	5	5	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sign languages	20	15	10	x	x	x
American Sign Language	10	5	0	x	x	x
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	5	5	x	x	x
Sino-Tibetan languages	45	25	25	x	x	x
Chinese languages	45	30	20	x	x	x
Cantonese	10	10	5	x	x	x
Hakka	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mandarin	20	10	5	x	x	x
Min Dong	0	0	0	x	x	x
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	5	5	x	x	x
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	0	x	x	x
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Burmese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Karenic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibetan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages	0	5	0	x	x	x
Lao	0	0	0	x	x	x
Thai	5	0	0	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkish	0	0	5	x	x	x
Uyghur	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uzbek	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uralic languages	10	5	5	x	x	x
Estonian	0	0	5	x	x	x
Finnish	0	0	5	x	x	x
Hungarian	5	5	5	x	x	x
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Multiple responses	485	235	255	x	x	x
English and French	140	60	80	x	x	x
English and non-official language	305	150	155	x	x	x
French and non-official language	5	0	5	x	x	x
English, French and non-official language	30	15	10	x	x	x
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	90,875	44,745	46,135	x	x	x
None	88,715	43,795	44,925	x	x	x
English	430	205	220	x	x	x
French	970	390	575	x	x	x
Non-official language	720	330	395	x	x	x
Aboriginal	20	15	10	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal	700	315	380	x	x	x
English and French	5	5	0	x	x	x
English and non-official language	5	5	5	x	x	x
French and non-official language	35	20	20	x	x	x
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	78,390	38,295	40,095	x	x	x
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	75,535	37,040	38,495	x	x	x
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,392	38,655	24,131	x	x	x
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	75,570	37,045	38,530	x	x	x
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,522	33,958	22,536	x	x	x
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	65,380	33,115	32,270	x	x	x
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,106	35,644	21,725	x	x	x
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	57,125	26,145	30,985	x	x	x
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,559	10,050	7,605	x	x	x
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	50,555	26,320	24,240	x	x	x
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,313	35,260	23,044	x	x	x
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	78,355	38,285	40,065	x	x	x
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	75,445	36,995	38,455	x	x	x
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,405	51,297	31,889	x	x	x
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	75,495	36,990	38,500	x	x	x
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,061	41,186	27,215	x	x	x
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	65,175	33,080	32,095	x	x	x
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,801	49,297	30,016	x	x	x
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	57,135	26,135	30,995	x	x	x
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,273	10,215	8,479	x	x	x
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	50,530	26,410	24,125	x	x	x
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,694	46,496	30,152	x	x	x
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	78,355	38,290	40,070	x	x	x
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	22,250	12,210	10,045	x	x	x
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	46,706	52,909	41,086	x	x	x
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	56,103	63,383	47,256	x	x	x
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	x	x	x
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	82.7	85.6	78.5	x	x	x
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	63.2	65.7	59.6	x	x	x
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	17.3	14.4	21.5	x	x	x
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	78,395	38,295	40,100	x	x	x
Without total income	2,865	1,255	1,605	x	x	x
With total income	75,530	37,040	38,490	x	x	x
Percentage with total income	96.3	96.7	96.0	x	x	x
Under $10,000 (including loss)	10,510	3,920	6,590	x	x	x
$10,000 to $19,999	14,535	5,285	9,250	x	x	x
$20,000 to $29,999	12,285	5,170	7,115	x	x	x
$30,000 to $39,999	9,840	4,785	5,055	x	x	x
$40,000 to $49,999	7,800	4,300	3,500	x	x	x
$50,000 to $59,999	5,710	3,505	2,205	x	x	x
$60,000 to $69,999	4,010	2,650	1,355	x	x	x
$70,000 to $79,999	3,180	2,045	1,140	x	x	x
$80,000 to $89,999	2,375	1,455	920	x	x	x
$90,000 to $99,999	1,420	970	450	x	x	x
$100,000 and over	3,875	2,960	910	x	x	x
$100,000 to $149,999	2,690	2,010	680	x	x	x
$150,000 and over	1,175	950	230	x	x	x
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	78,390	38,295	40,095	x	x	x
Without after-tax income	2,825	1,255	1,570	x	x	x
With after-tax income	75,570	37,040	38,525	x	x	x
Percentage with after-tax income	96.4	96.7	96.1	x	x	x
Under $10,000 (including loss)	11,070	4,020	7,045	x	x	x
$10,000 to $19,999	15,430	5,645	9,785	x	x	x
$20,000 to $29,999	14,530	6,375	8,155	x	x	x
$30,000 to $39,999	11,810	6,150	5,660	x	x	x
$40,000 to $49,999	8,325	5,050	3,270	x	x	x
$50,000 to $59,999	5,435	3,605	1,835	x	x	x
$60,000 to $69,999	3,685	2,290	1,390	x	x	x
$70,000 to $79,999	1,985	1,360	625	x	x	x
$80,000 and over	3,295	2,540	760	x	x	x
$80,000 to $89,999	1,075	820	255	x	x	x
$90,000 to $99,999	650	475	175	x	x	x
$100,000 and over	1,575	1,245	330	x	x	x
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	78,390	38,295	40,095	x	x	x
Without employment income	27,835	11,975	15,860	x	x	x
With employment income	50,560	26,320	24,235	x	x	x
Percentage with employment income	64.5	68.7	60.4	x	x	x
Under $5,000 (including loss)	7,860	3,875	3,990	x	x	x
$5,000 to $9,999	4,370	1,800	2,575	x	x	x
$10,000 to $19,999	7,515	3,160	4,360	x	x	x
$20,000 to $29,999	6,545	2,930	3,615	x	x	x
$30,000 to $39,999	5,620	2,655	2,955	x	x	x
$40,000 to $49,999	4,560	2,485	2,075	x	x	x
$50,000 to $59,999	3,630	2,245	1,385	x	x	x
$60,000 to $69,999	2,685	1,790	895	x	x	x
$70,000 to $79,999	2,270	1,405	865	x	x	x
$80,000 and over	5,495	3,970	1,520	x	x	x
$80,000 to $89,999	1,815	1,095	715	x	x	x
$90,000 to $99,999	1,070	760	305	x	x	x
$100,000 and over	2,610	2,115	495	x	x	x
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	40,525	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	59,803	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	52,603	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	10,910	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,385	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	25,410	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	29,620	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	73,957	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	64,083	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	40,535	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	77,066	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	63,436	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	10,950	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,347	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,341	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	29,585	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	90,658	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	74,576	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	40,530	...	...	x	...	...
Under $5,000	505	...	...	x	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	660	...	...	x	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	995	...	...	x	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,170	...	...	x	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,215	...	...	x	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,060	...	...	x	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,370	...	...	x	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,095	...	...	x	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,970	...	...	x	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,870	...	...	x	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,405	...	...	x	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,145	...	...	x	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,860	...	...	x	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,465	...	...	x	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,055	...	...	x	...	...
$100,000 and over	9,680	...	...	x	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,785	...	...	x	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,340	...	...	x	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,200	...	...	x	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,345	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	40,530	...	...	x	...	...
Under $5,000	560	...	...	x	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	670	...	...	x	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,020	...	...	x	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,295	...	...	x	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,485	...	...	x	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,380	...	...	x	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,725	...	...	x	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,470	...	...	x	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,290	...	...	x	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,250	...	...	x	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,240	...	...	x	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,710	...	...	x	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,055	...	...	x	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,450	...	...	x	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,910	...	...	x	...	...
$100,000 and over	6,025	...	...	x	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,100	...	...	x	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,475	...	...	x	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,440	...	...	x	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	28,900	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	73,827	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	63,954	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	14,930	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	66,831	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	58,284	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	9,855	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	100,061	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	84,148	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.8	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	3,530	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	44,239	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	41,288	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	28,885	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	90,533	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	74,402	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	14,950	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	81,734	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	67,302	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	9,810	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	117,883	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	95,286	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,570	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,703	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,408	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	13,100	6,125	6,970	x	x	x
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	26,771	30,610	24,523	x	x	x
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	24,862	27,456	23,410	x	x	x
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	13,115	6,135	6,975	x	x	x
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	38,795	43,390	34,752	x	x	x
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	32,195	34,562	30,112	x	x	x
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	90,610	44,610	45,995	x	x	x
In the bottom half of the distribution	53,300	25,505	27,800	x	x	x
In the bottom decile	8,640	4,060	4,575	x	x	x
In the second decile	12,650	5,705	6,945	x	x	x
In the third decile	10,745	5,185	5,565	x	x	x
In the fourth decile	10,680	5,275	5,410	x	x	x
In the fifth decile	10,585	5,275	5,310	x	x	x
In the top half of the distribution	37,305	19,110	18,195	x	x	x
In the sixth decile	9,525	4,860	4,665	x	x	x
In the seventh decile	8,860	4,525	4,335	x	x	x
In the eighth decile	7,765	3,990	3,775	x	x	x
In the ninth decile	6,470	3,300	3,170	x	x	x
In the top decile	4,690	2,440	2,250	x	x	x
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	90,440	44,530	45,915	x	x	x
0 to 17 years	15,055	7,770	7,280	x	x	x
0 to 5 years	4,520	2,340	2,180	x	x	x
18 to 64 years	54,440	26,725	27,720	x	x	x
65 years and over	20,940	10,035	10,910	x	x	x
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	15,445	7,050	8,395	x	x	x
0 to 17 years	3,020	1,560	1,460	x	x	x
0 to 5 years	1,115	560	555	x	x	x
18 to 64 years	8,045	3,720	4,330	x	x	x
65 years and over	4,375	1,775	2,610	x	x	x
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	17.1	15.8	18.3	x	x	x
0 to 17 years (%)	20.1	20.1	20.1	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	24.7	23.9	25.5	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	14.8	13.9	15.6	x	x	x
65 years and over (%)	20.9	17.7	23.9	x	x	x
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	4,695	2,310	2,385	x	x	x
0 to 17 years	985	550	440	x	x	x
0 to 5 years	320	180	140	x	x	x
18 to 64 years	3,395	1,625	1,770	x	x	x
65 years and over	310	135	175	x	x	x
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.2	5.2	5.2	x	x	x
0 to 17 years (%)	6.5	7.1	6.0	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	7.1	7.7	6.4	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	6.2	6.1	6.4	x	x	x
65 years and over (%)	1.5	1.3	1.6	x	x	x
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	90,585	44,605	45,985	x	x	x
Official languages	90,515	44,550	45,970	x	x	x
English	90,500	44,545	45,955	x	x	x
French	6,460	2,715	3,750	x	x	x
Non-official languages	2,880	1,390	1,490	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages	20	10	15	x	x	x
Algonquian languages	20	10	10	x	x	x
Blackfoot	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Atikamekw	0	0	0	x	x	x
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Moose Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Naskapi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Plains Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Woods Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Eastern Algonquian languages	20	10	15	x	x	x
Malecite	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mi'kmaq	25	10	15	x	x	x
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ojibway	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Beaver	0	0	0	x	x	x
Carrier	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chilcotin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dene	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gwich'in	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sekani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	x	x	x
South Slavey	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haida	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuit languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuktitut	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cayuga	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mohawk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oneida	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kutenai	0	0	0	x	x	x
Michif	0	0	0	x	x	x
Salish languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Comox	0	0	0	x	x	x
Halkomelem	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lillooet	0	0	0	x	x	x
Okanagan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Squamish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Straits	0	0	0	x	x	x
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Siouan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dakota	0	0	0	x	x	x
Stoney	0	0	0	x	x	x
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tlingit	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nisga'a	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haisla	0	0	0	x	x	x
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,865	1,385	1,480	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages	215	115	105	x	x	x
Berber languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kabyle	0	0	0	x	x	x
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bilen	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oromo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Somali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Semitic languages	220	120	105	x	x	x
Amharic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Arabic	190	100	85	x	x	x
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Harari	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hebrew	30	20	15	x	x	x
Maltese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tigrigna	0	0	0	x	x	x
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages	45	20	25	x	x	x
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Vietnamese	45	20	25	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austronesian languages	55	20	35	x	x	x
Bikol	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cebuano	0	0	0	x	x	x
Fijian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ilocano	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malagasy	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malay	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pangasinan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	45	15	25	x	x	x
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole languages	10	0	10	x	x	x
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	x	x	x
Dravidian languages	40	30	10	x	x	x
Kannada	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malayalam	40	30	10	x	x	x
Tamil	10	10	0	x	x	x
Telugu	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Indo-European languages	2,145	1,045	1,100	x	x	x
Albanian	30	10	15	x	x	x
Armenian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Balto-Slavic languages	280	135	145	x	x	x
Baltic languages	10	0	0	x	x	x
Latvian	10	0	0	x	x	x
Lithuanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavic languages	275	130	145	x	x	x
Belarusan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bosnian	10	0	0	x	x	x
Bulgarian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Croatian	10	10	10	x	x	x
Czech	20	10	10	x	x	x
Macedonian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Polish	65	35	30	x	x	x
Russian	110	55	55	x	x	x
Serbian	20	10	10	x	x	x
Serbo-Croatian	10	0	0	x	x	x
Slovak	10	0	10	x	x	x
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ukrainian	45	10	35	x	x	x
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Celtic languages	30	15	10	x	x	x
Scottish Gaelic	15	0	10	x	x	x
Welsh	0	10	0	x	x	x
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	x	x	x
Germanic languages	1,125	565	555	x	x	x
Afrikaans	85	50	35	x	x	x
Danish	40	25	10	x	x	x
Dutch	195	70	125	x	x	x
Frisian	10	10	0	x	x	x
German	790	415	375	x	x	x
Icelandic	10	0	10	x	x	x
Norwegian	10	0	0	x	x	x
Swedish	25	10	10	x	x	x
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yiddish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Greek	30	10	20	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages	115	65	45	x	x	x
Indo-Aryan languages	85	50	35	x	x	x
Bengali	15	10	10	x	x	x
Gujarati	15	0	10	x	x	x
Hindi	30	15	15	x	x	x
Kashmiri	0	0	0	x	x	x
Konkani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Marathi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nepali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	10	10	x	x	x
Sindhi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15	10	0	x	x	x
Urdu	10	10	0	x	x	x
Iranian languages	25	15	10	x	x	x
Kurdish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pashto	0	10	0	x	x	x
Persian (Farsi)	25	10	10	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages	660	300	360	x	x	x
Catalan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Italian	100	50	50	x	x	x
Portuguese	60	30	25	x	x	x
Romanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Spanish	525	225	300	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	x	x	x
Japanese	20	10	10	x	x	x
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Georgian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Korean	40	20	20	x	x	x
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mongolian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages	10	0	10	x	x	x
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bamanankan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Edo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ewe	0	0	0	x	x	x
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ga	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ganda	0	0	0	x	x	x
Igbo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lingala	0	0	0	x	x	x
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Shona	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swahili	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wolof	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yoruba	0	0	0	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dinka	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sign languages	135	45	95	x	x	x
American Sign Language	45	10	35	x	x	x
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sign languages, n.i.e.	95	40	55	x	x	x
Sino-Tibetan languages	155	90	65	x	x	x
Chinese languages	150	90	60	x	x	x
Cantonese	50	25	25	x	x	x
Hakka	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mandarin	115	65	45	x	x	x
Min Dong	0	0	0	x	x	x
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	10	0	x	x	x
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	10	x	x	x
Burmese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Karenic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibetan	10	0	10	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages	10	10	0	x	x	x
Lao	10	0	0	x	x	x
Thai	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkic languages	20	0	0	x	x	x
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkish	20	10	10	x	x	x
Uyghur	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uzbek	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uralic languages	50	25	25	x	x	x
Estonian	15	10	10	x	x	x
Finnish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hungarian	35	15	15	x	x	x
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	90,590	44,600	45,985	x	x	x
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	88,805	43,715	45,090	x	x	x
Canadian citizens aged under 18	14,845	7,665	7,180	x	x	x
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	73,960	36,050	37,910	x	x	x
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	1,780	885	895	x	x	x
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	90,585	44,605	45,985	x	x	x
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	85,715	42,190	43,525	x	x	x
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	4,670	2,285	2,385	x	x	x
Before 1981	2,265	1,130	1,130	x	x	x
1981 to 1990	440	230	210	x	x	x
1991 to 2000	500	235	265	x	x	x
2001 to 2010	910	410	500	x	x	x
2001 to 2005	340	130	215	x	x	x
2006 to 2010	565	280	285	x	x	x
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	560	280	280	x	x	x
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	205	125	80	x	x	x
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	4,670	2,285	2,385	x	x	x
Under 5 years	715	325	390	x	x	x
5 to 14 years	805	375	420	x	x	x
15 to 24 years	835	405	430	x	x	x
25 to 44 years	1,770	895	880	x	x	x
45 years and over	545	285	265	x	x	x
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	4,670	2,285	2,390	x	x	x
Americas	1,275	580	695	x	x	x
Brazil	20	10	20	x	x	x
Colombia	20	0	10	x	x	x
El Salvador	0	0	0	x	x	x
Guyana	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haiti	0	0	10	x	x	x
Jamaica	20	0	15	x	x	x
Mexico	30	10	20	x	x	x
Peru	10	0	10	x	x	x
Trinidad and Tobago	15	0	10	x	x	x
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	1,090	520	565	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Americas	75	35	40	x	x	x
Europe	2,650	1,355	1,295	x	x	x
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	10	0	x	x	x
Croatia	0	0	0	x	x	x
France	65	45	20	x	x	x
Germany	365	190	175	x	x	x
Greece	15	0	0	x	x	x
Hungary	10	0	10	x	x	x
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	50	35	15	x	x	x
Italy	40	25	20	x	x	x
Netherlands	175	65	110	x	x	x
Poland	60	35	25	x	x	x
Portugal	10	0	10	x	x	x
Romania	0	10	0	x	x	x
Russian Federation	35	10	25	x	x	x
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	15	10	10	x	x	x
Ukraine	30	15	10	x	x	x
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	1,555	795	765	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Europe	210	120	95	x	x	x
Africa	120	65	55	x	x	x
Algeria	0	0	10	x	x	x
Egypt	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ethiopia	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kenya	0	0	0	x	x	x
Morocco	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nigeria	0	0	0	x	x	x
Somalia	0	0	0	x	x	x
South Africa, Republic of	100	55	40	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Africa	20	10	10	x	x	x
Asia	555	255	305	x	x	x
Afghanistan	10	10	0	x	x	x
Bangladesh	10	10	10	x	x	x
China^{Census data footnote 59}	110	20	90	x	x	x
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	20	10	10	x	x	x
India	60	35	20	x	x	x
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	10	10	x	x	x
Iraq	0	0	0	x	x	x
Japan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	25	10	15	x	x	x
Lebanon	65	45	20	x	x	x
Pakistan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Philippines	30	0	30	x	x	x
Sri Lanka	10	0	0	x	x	x
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	55	35	15	x	x	x
Taiwan	30	15	15	x	x	x
Viet Nam	20	0	15	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Asia	95	50	45	x	x	x
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	75	35	40	x	x	x
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	560	280	280	x	x	x
Americas	100	50	55	x	x	x
Brazil	10	0	10	x	x	x
Colombia	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cuba	10	0	10	x	x	x
Haiti	0	0	0	x	x	x
Jamaica	10	0	0	x	x	x
Mexico	10	0	10	x	x	x
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	70	40	30	x	x	x
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	10	x	x	x
Europe	275	130	145	x	x	x
France	10	0	10	x	x	x
Germany	35	20	15	x	x	x
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	10	15	0	x	x	x
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Romania	0	0	0	x	x	x
Russian Federation	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ukraine	10	0	10	x	x	x
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	175	80	90	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Europe	40	10	30	x	x	x
Africa	25	20	10	x	x	x
Algeria	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cameroon	0	0	0	x	x	x
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	x	x	x
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	x	x	x
Egypt	0	0	0	x	x	x
Eritrea	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ethiopia	0	0	0	x	x	x
Morocco	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nigeria	0	0	0	x	x	x
Somalia	0	0	0	x	x	x
South Africa, Republic of	30	20	10	x	x	x
Tunisia	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	x	x	x
Asia	150	75	75	x	x	x
Afghanistan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bangladesh	0	0	0	x	x	x
China^{Census data footnote 59}	15	0	10	x	x	x
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	x	x	x
India	15	10	10	x	x	x
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iraq	0	0	0	x	x	x
Israel	20	10	10	x	x	x
Japan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	10	0	x	x	x
Lebanon	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nepal	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pakistan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Philippines	10	10	10	x	x	x
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	x	x	x
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	50	35	20	x	x	x
Taiwan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkey	0	0	0	x	x	x
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	x	x	x
Viet Nam	10	0	10	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	10	x	x	x
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	10	10	0	x	x	x
Australia	10	10	0	x	x	x
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	90,590	44,605	45,985	x	x	x
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	5,240	2,630	2,610	x	x	x
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	5,625	2,820	2,805	x	x	x
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	79,725	39,150	40,570	x	x	x
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	2,445	1,170	1,275	x	x	x
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	1,440	720	725	x	x	x
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	640	405	235	x	x	x
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	800	315	485	x	x	x
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	875	380	495	x	x	x
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	115	65	45	x	x	x
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	15	10	10	x	x	x
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	90,585	44,600	45,980	x	x	x
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	4,545	2,265	2,280	x	x	x
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	4,410	2,195	2,215	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	2,045	1,025	1,020	x	x	x
Métis	2,320	1,150	1,170	x	x	x
Inuk (Inuit)	40	15	25	x	x	x
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	90	50	40	x	x	x
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	45	20	25	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal identity	86,040	42,335	43,700	x	x	x
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	90,590	44,600	45,985	x	x	x
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	1,195	610	580	x	x	x
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	89,390	43,990	45,405	x	x	x
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	90,590	44,605	45,985	x	x	x
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	1,050	515	530	x	x	x
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	1,020	505	520	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	675	345	335	x	x	x
Métis single ancestry	335	155	180	x	x	x
Inuit single ancestry	10	0	10	x	x	x
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	25	15	15	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	25	15	10	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	x	x	x
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	x	x	x
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	6,270	3,095	3,180	x	x	x
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	6,160	3,040	3,120	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,825	1,840	1,990	x	x	x
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,270	1,170	1,100	x	x	x
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	65	30	35	x	x	x
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	110	50	60	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	100	40	55	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	x	x	x
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	15	0	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	83,270	40,990	42,275	x	x	x
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	90,590	44,605	45,985	x	x	x
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	1,550	745	805	x	x	x
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	195	120	75	x	x	x
Chinese	290	135	150	x	x	x
Black	565	260	305	x	x	x
Filipino	60	15	45	x	x	x
Latin American	90	30	60	x	x	x
Arab	145	90	60	x	x	x
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	65	30	30	x	x	x
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	50	25	20	x	x	x
Korean	40	20	20	x	x	x
Japanese	15	10	0	x	x	x
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	10	0	10	x	x	x
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	35	0	30	x	x	x
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	89,035	43,860	45,175	x	x	x
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	90,590	44,600	45,985	x	x	x
North American Aboriginal origins	7,320	3,610	3,710	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian)	4,630	2,240	2,390	x	x	x
Inuit	90	45	45	x	x	x
Métis	2,745	1,390	1,350	x	x	x
Other North American origins	45,240	22,225	23,015	x	x	x
Acadian	1,315	635	680	x	x	x
American	955	470	485	x	x	x
Canadian	43,645	21,445	22,200	x	x	x
New Brunswicker	0	10	0	x	x	x
Newfoundlander	125	65	60	x	x	x
Nova Scotian	70	50	15	x	x	x
Ontarian	10	10	10	x	x	x
Québécois	45	25	20	x	x	x
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	x	x	x
European origins	60,620	29,735	30,885	x	x	x
British Isles origins	44,370	21,435	22,935	x	x	x
Channel Islander	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cornish	10	0	0	x	x	x
English	25,525	12,145	13,385	x	x	x
Irish	14,950	7,085	7,870	x	x	x
Manx	35	20	15	x	x	x
Scottish	19,095	9,160	9,935	x	x	x
Welsh	1,640	815	825	x	x	x
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	1,810	890	920	x	x	x
French origins	11,735	5,570	6,170	x	x	x
Alsatian	10	0	0	x	x	x
Breton	10	0	0	x	x	x
Corsican	0	0	0	x	x	x
French	11,725	5,560	6,170	x	x	x
Western European origins (except French origins)	23,930	11,665	12,265	x	x	x
Austrian	190	65	120	x	x	x
Bavarian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Belgian	130	55	75	x	x	x
Dutch	4,660	2,100	2,555	x	x	x
Flemish	50	10	40	x	x	x
Frisian	0	0	0	x	x	x
German	21,160	10,410	10,745	x	x	x
Luxembourger	15	15	0	x	x	x
Swiss	480	215	270	x	x	x
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,475	795	675	x	x	x
Danish	315	155	160	x	x	x
Finnish	60	40	15	x	x	x
Icelandic	140	55	80	x	x	x
Norwegian	630	390	245	x	x	x
Swedish	270	130	140	x	x	x
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	125	60	65	x	x	x
Eastern European origins	2,105	960	1,145	x	x	x
Bulgarian	20	0	15	x	x	x
Byelorussian	10	0	10	x	x	x
Czech	95	35	55	x	x	x
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	10	0	0	x	x	x
Estonian	55	30	30	x	x	x
Hungarian	185	75	110	x	x	x
Latvian	30	20	10	x	x	x
Lithuanian	75	35	35	x	x	x
Moldovan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Polish	800	380	425	x	x	x
Romanian	75	40	35	x	x	x
Russian	345	145	200	x	x	x
Slovak	20	10	10	x	x	x
Ukrainian	655	290	360	x	x	x
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	25	0	20	x	x	x
Southern European origins	1,980	950	1,030	x	x	x
Albanian	30	15	25	x	x	x
Bosnian	10	0	10	x	x	x
Catalan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Croatian	45	0	35	x	x	x
Cypriot	0	0	0	x	x	x
Greek	275	140	140	x	x	x
Italian	890	420	470	x	x	x
Kosovar	15	0	15	x	x	x
Macedonian	0	0	10	x	x	x
Maltese	20	15	10	x	x	x
Montenegrin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Portuguese	325	180	145	x	x	x
Serbian	15	10	10	x	x	x
Sicilian	10	0	0	x	x	x
Slovenian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Spanish	380	160	220	x	x	x
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	35	20	15	x	x	x
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other European origins	650	345	305	x	x	x
Basque	25	0	15	x	x	x
Jewish	200	110	80	x	x	x
Roma (Gypsy)	15	10	0	x	x	x
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	10	0	0	x	x	x
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	405	210	200	x	x	x
Caribbean origins	335	150	180	x	x	x
Antiguan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bahamian	10	10	10	x	x	x
Barbadian	10	0	0	x	x	x
Bermudan	15	10	10	x	x	x
Carib	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cuban	25	10	15	x	x	x
Dominican	10	10	10	x	x	x
Grenadian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haitian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Jamaican	160	70	85	x	x	x
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Martinican	0	0	0	x	x	x
Montserratan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Puerto Rican	15	10	0	x	x	x
St. Lucian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	15	10	0	x	x	x
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	x	x	x
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	60	35	30	x	x	x
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	10	0	10	x	x	x
Latin, Central and South American origins	190	90	100	x	x	x
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	10	0	10	x	x	x
Arawak	0	0	0	x	x	x
Argentinian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Belizean	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bolivian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Brazilian	15	10	10	x	x	x
Chilean	0	0	0	x	x	x
Colombian	30	10	20	x	x	x
Costa Rican	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ecuadorian	10	10	0	x	x	x
Guatemalan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Guyanese	0	0	10	x	x	x
Hispanic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Honduran	0	10	0	x	x	x
Maya	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mexican	70	50	20	x	x	x
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Panamanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Paraguayan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Peruvian	30	15	15	x	x	x
Salvadorean	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uruguayan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Venezuelan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	10	0	15	x	x	x
African origins	550	300	250	x	x	x
Central and West African origins	25	10	15	x	x	x
Akan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Angolan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ashanti	0	0	0	x	x	x
Beninese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Burkinabe	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cameroonian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chadian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Congolese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Edo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ewe	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gabonese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gambian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ghanaian	10	0	10	x	x	x
Guinean	10	0	0	x	x	x
Ibo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ivorian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Liberian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malinké	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nigerian	10	10	0	x	x	x
Peulh	0	0	0	x	x	x
Senegalese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	x	x	x
Togolese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wolof	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yoruba	0	0	0	x	x	x
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	x	x	x
North African origins	30	15	15	x	x	x
Algerian	15	10	10	x	x	x
Berber	0	0	0	x	x	x
Coptic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dinka	0	0	0	x	x	x
Egyptian	0	10	0	x	x	x
Libyan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Maure	0	0	0	x	x	x
Moroccan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sudanese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tunisian	0	0	0	x	x	x
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	10	0	10	x	x	x
Southern and East African origins	110	75	35	x	x	x
Afrikaner	0	0	0	x	x	x
Amhara	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Burundian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Djiboutian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Eritrean	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ethiopian	10	0	0	x	x	x
Harari	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kenyan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malagasy	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mauritian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oromo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Rwandan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Seychellois	0	0	0	x	x	x
Somali	0	0	0	x	x	x
South African	85	65	15	x	x	x
Tanzanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tigrian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ugandan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Zambian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Zimbabwean	10	0	15	x	x	x
Zulu	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	10	0	x	x	x
Other African origins	380	195	185	x	x	x
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	45	30	20	x	x	x
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	335	165	165	x	x	x
Asian origins	1,475	755	720	x	x	x
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	650	345	300	x	x	x
Afghan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Armenian	20	10	10	x	x	x
Assyrian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Georgian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hazara	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iranian	20	10	10	x	x	x
Iraqi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Israeli	10	10	10	x	x	x
Jordanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kazakh	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kurd	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lebanese	385	205	180	x	x	x
Palestinian	20	10	15	x	x	x
Pashtun	0	0	0	x	x	x
Saudi Arabian	10	0	0	x	x	x
Syrian	140	70	75	x	x	x
Tajik	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tatar	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turk	10	10	0	x	x	x
Turkmen	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uighur	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uzbek	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yemeni	0	0	0	x	x	x
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	45	30	15	x	x	x
South Asian origins	255	160	100	x	x	x
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bengali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bhutanese	0	0	0	x	x	x
East Indian	210	130	80	x	x	x
Goan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gujarati	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kashmiri	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nepali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pakistani	20	15	10	x	x	x
Punjabi	10	0	0	x	x	x
Sinhalese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sri Lankan	15	10	0	x	x	x
Tamil	0	0	0	x	x	x
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	10	10	0	x	x	x
East and Southeast Asian origins	565	255	310	x	x	x
Burmese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chinese	315	150	160	x	x	x
Filipino	115	40	75	x	x	x
Hmong	0	0	0	x	x	x
Indonesian	10	10	0	x	x	x
Japanese	20	15	10	x	x	x
Karen	0	0	0	x	x	x
Korean	40	20	20	x	x	x
Laotian	0	0	10	x	x	x
Malaysian	0	10	0	x	x	x
Mongolian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Singaporean	0	0	0	x	x	x
Taiwanese	15	10	15	x	x	x
Thai	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibetan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Vietnamese	40	15	25	x	x	x
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other Asian origins	10	0	10	x	x	x
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	10	x	x	x
Oceania origins	115	60	55	x	x	x
Australian	60	25	30	x	x	x
New Zealander	60	35	30	x	x	x
Pacific Islands origins	0	10	0	x	x	x
Fijian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hawaiian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Maori	10	10	0	x	x	x
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Samoan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	40,535	...	...	x	...	...
Owner	33,550	...	...	x	...	...
Renter	6,925	...	...	x	...	...
Band housing	60	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	40,535	...	...	x	...	...
Condominium	415	...	...	x	...	...
Not condominium	40,120	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	40,535	...	...	x	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	x	...	...
1 bedroom	2,835	...	...	x	...	...
2 bedrooms	10,690	...	...	x	...	...
3 bedrooms	18,370	...	...	x	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	8,630	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	40,535	...	...	x	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	5,800	...	...	x	...	...
5 rooms	6,645	...	...	x	...	...
6 rooms	7,780	...	...	x	...	...
7 rooms	6,790	...	...	x	...	...
8 or more rooms	13,515	...	...	x	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.8	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	40,535	...	...	x	...	...
One person or fewer per room	40,470	...	...	x	...	...
More than 1 person per room	65	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	40,535	...	...	x	...	...
Suitable	39,785	...	...	x	...	...
Not suitable	745	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	40,535	...	...	x	...	...
1960 or before	13,410	...	...	x	...	...
1961 to 1980	11,145	...	...	x	...	...
1981 to 1990	5,630	...	...	x	...	...
1991 to 2000	4,735	...	...	x	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,970	...	...	x	...	...
2006 to 2010	2,170	...	...	x	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	1,475	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	40,535	...	...	x	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	36,515	...	...	x	...	...
Major repairs needed	4,020	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	40,540	...	...	x	...	...
1 household maintainer	24,055	...	...	x	...	...
2 household maintainers	16,040	...	...	x	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	440	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	40,535	...	...	x	...	...
15 to 24 years	745	...	...	x	...	...
25 to 34 years	3,530	...	...	x	...	...
35 to 44 years	5,400	...	...	x	...	...
45 to 54 years	7,955	...	...	x	...	...
55 to 64 years	9,225	...	...	x	...	...
65 to 74 years	7,890	...	...	x	...	...
75 to 84 years	4,295	...	...	x	...	...
85 years and over	1,495	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	40,210	...	...	x	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	33,465	...	...	x	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	6,745	...	...	x	...	...
30% to less than 100%	5,960	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	33,330	...	...	x	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	49.1	...	...	x	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	11.8	...	...	x	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	668	...	...	x	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	858	...	...	x	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	194,257	...	...	x	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	236,729	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	6,925	...	...	x	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	12.7	...	...	x	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	40.7	...	...	x	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	737	...	...	x	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	784	...	...	x	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	78,350	38,285	40,065	x	x	x
No certificate, diploma or degree	19,170	10,365	8,805	x	x	x
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	18,705	8,915	9,790	x	x	x
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	40,485	19,010	21,475	x	x	x
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	9,050	6,245	2,805	x	x	x
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	4,900	2,745	2,160	x	x	x
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	4,150	3,500	650	x	x	x
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	17,195	6,910	10,285	x	x	x
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,730	580	1,155	x	x	x
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	12,510	5,270	7,235	x	x	x
Bachelor's degree	8,220	3,325	4,895	x	x	x
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	790	345	445	x	x	x
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	340	190	150	x	x	x
Master's degree	2,715	1,165	1,550	x	x	x
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	440	245	190	x	x	x
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	48,995	23,755	25,240	x	x	x
No certificate, diploma or degree	8,040	4,900	3,145	x	x	x
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	11,685	5,575	6,110	x	x	x
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	29,265	13,275	15,990	x	x	x
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	5,930	4,095	1,840	x	x	x
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	3,310	1,860	1,445	x	x	x
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,625	2,235	395	x	x	x
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	13,235	5,330	7,900	x	x	x
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	975	290	680	x	x	x
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	9,130	3,560	5,565	x	x	x
Bachelor's degree	6,125	2,395	3,740	x	x	x
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	525	205	320	x	x	x
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	210	75	130	x	x	x
Master's degree	2,020	780	1,240	x	x	x
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	245	110	145	x	x	x
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	78,355	38,290	40,070	x	x	x
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	37,870	19,280	18,590	x	x	x
Education	3,005	810	2,200	x	x	x
13. Education	3,010	810	2,200	x	x	x
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,040	460	580	x	x	x
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	200	150	50	x	x	x
50. Visual and performing arts	840	315	525	x	x	x
Humanities	1,530	635	900	x	x	x
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	85	30	60	x	x	x
23. English language and literature/letters	405	110	295	x	x	x
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	340	120	220	x	x	x
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	x	x	x
38. Philosophy and religious studies	95	60	35	x	x	x
39. Theology and religious vocations	240	165	85	x	x	x
54. History	305	145	155	x	x	x
55. French language and literature/letters	65	10	55	x	x	x
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,165	960	2,200	x	x	x
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	35	10	30	x	x	x
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	250	95	155	x	x	x
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	725	50	675	x	x	x
22. Legal professions and studies	475	135	340	x	x	x
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	80	20	60	x	x	x
42. Psychology	640	175	465	x	x	x
45. Social sciences	955	475	485	x	x	x
Business, management and public administration	8,790	2,130	6,660	x	x	x
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	0	15	x	x	x
44. Public administration and social service professions	485	110	375	x	x	x
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	8,290	2,020	6,265	x	x	x
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,170	615	555	x	x	x
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	530	230	300	x	x	x
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	215	95	115	x	x	x
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	10	x	x	x
40. Physical sciences	360	280	75	x	x	x
41. Science technologies/technicians	70	10	65	x	x	x
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,235	625	610	x	x	x
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	975	510	465	x	x	x
25. Library science	140	30	110	x	x	x
27. Mathematics and statistics	105	70	35	x	x	x
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	15	20	0	x	x	x
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	10,200	9,725	470	x	x	x
04. Architecture and related services	115	60	55	x	x	x
14. Engineering	880	780	100	x	x	x
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,940	1,765	170	x	x	x
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	x	x	x
46. Construction trades	2,760	2,710	50	x	x	x
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	3,235	3,160	75	x	x	x
48. Precision production	1,265	1,245	20	x	x	x
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	710	425	285	x	x	x
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	295	135	160	x	x	x
03. Natural resources and conservation	415	290	125	x	x	x
Health and related fields	6,160	780	5,380	x	x	x
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	340	145	190	x	x	x
51. Health professions and related programs	5,770	600	5,165	x	x	x
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	55	35	20	x	x	x
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,475	1,830	1,640	x	x	x
12. Personal and culinary services	1,870	385	1,485	x	x	x
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	35	35	0	x	x	x
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	85	75	0	x	x	x
43. Security and protective services	380	295	80	x	x	x
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,110	1,040	75	x	x	x
Other	0	0	0	x	x	x
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	x	x	x
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	48,995	23,755	25,240	x	x	x
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	19,725	10,475	9,250	x	x	x
Education	1,945	475	1,475	x	x	x
13. Education	1,950	475	1,475	x	x	x
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	740	335	400	x	x	x
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	170	115	55	x	x	x
50. Visual and performing arts	570	215	350	x	x	x
Humanities	1,000	370	630	x	x	x
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	60	15	45	x	x	x
23. English language and literature/letters	230	40	190	x	x	x
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	225	70	150	x	x	x
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	x	x	x
38. Philosophy and religious studies	65	40	25	x	x	x
39. Theology and religious vocations	145	90	55	x	x	x
54. History	225	105	120	x	x	x
55. French language and literature/letters	45	0	40	x	x	x
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,540	680	1,860	x	x	x
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	0	20	x	x	x
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	195	75	125	x	x	x
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	610	40	570	x	x	x
22. Legal professions and studies	385	70	310	x	x	x
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	65	20	45	x	x	x
42. Psychology	515	125	385	x	x	x
45. Social sciences	745	345	405	x	x	x
Business, management and public administration	6,295	1,420	4,870	x	x	x
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	0	15	x	x	x
44. Public administration and social service professions	360	75	290	x	x	x
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	5,915	1,350	4,565	x	x	x
Physical and life sciences and technologies	800	395	400	x	x	x
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	380	160	220	x	x	x
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	145	60	90	x	x	x
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	0	x	x	x
40. Physical sciences	240	175	65	x	x	x
41. Science technologies/technicians	35	0	30	x	x	x
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,045	525	515	x	x	x
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	885	455	435	x	x	x
25. Library science	85	20	70	x	x	x
27. Mathematics and statistics	50	35	15	x	x	x
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	20	20	0	x	x	x
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	7,345	6,910	435	x	x	x
04. Architecture and related services	75	30	45	x	x	x
14. Engineering	585	490	95	x	x	x
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,380	1,225	155	x	x	x
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	x	x	x
46. Construction trades	2,080	2,035	45	x	x	x
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,360	2,295	70	x	x	x
48. Precision production	850	835	20	x	x	x
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	535	305	225	x	x	x
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	215	95	115	x	x	x
03. Natural resources and conservation	325	210	110	x	x	x
Health and related fields	4,530	550	3,985	x	x	x
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	270	120	150	x	x	x
51. Health professions and related programs	4,230	415	3,815	x	x	x
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	25	10	15	x	x	x
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,505	1,310	1,195	x	x	x
12. Personal and culinary services	1,385	310	1,070	x	x	x
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	25	25	0	x	x	x
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	35	30	10	x	x	x
43. Security and protective services	270	200	70	x	x	x
49. Transportation and materials moving	790	745	50	x	x	x
Other	0	0	0	x	x	x
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	x	x	x
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	78,355	38,285	40,065	x	x	x
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	37,870	19,275	18,590	x	x	x
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	40,485	19,010	21,475	x	x	x
Location of study inside Canada	37,960	17,645	20,310	x	x	x
Same as province or territory of residence	30,680	13,940	16,740	x	x	x
Different than province or territory of residence	7,280	3,710	3,570	x	x	x
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	2,525	1,360	1,160	x	x	x
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	920	470	450	x	x	x
Philippines	25	15	15	x	x	x
India	60	35	20	x	x	x
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	785	450	330	x	x	x
China^{Census data footnote 162}	15	0	10	x	x	x
France	30	20	10	x	x	x
Other	690	365	330	x	x	x
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	48,995	23,755	25,240	x	x	x
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	19,725	10,480	9,250	x	x	x
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	29,265	13,280	15,990	x	x	x
Location of study inside Canada	27,730	12,520	15,215	x	x	x
Same as province or territory of residence	22,990	10,180	12,810	x	x	x
Different than province or territory of residence	4,740	2,330	2,410	x	x	x
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,535	765	775	x	x	x
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	480	225	250	x	x	x
Philippines	25	10	15	x	x	x
India	50	35	15	x	x	x
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	475	250	230	x	x	x
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	10	10	x	x	x
France	20	10	0	x	x	x
Other	470	225	245	x	x	x
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	78,350	38,285	40,065	x	x	x
In the labour force	45,205	23,555	21,650	x	x	x
Employed	41,150	21,270	19,875	x	x	x
Unemployed	4,060	2,285	1,775	x	x	x
Not in the labour force	33,145	14,730	18,415	x	x	x
Participation rate	57.7	61.5	54.0	x	x	x
Employment rate	52.5	55.6	49.6	x	x	x
Unemployment rate	9.0	9.7	8.2	x	x	x
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	78,355	38,285	40,070	x	x	x
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	29,745	12,915	16,830	x	x	x
Worked	48,610	25,375	23,235	x	x	x
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	23,135	12,750	10,380	x	x	x
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	25,480	12,620	12,855	x	x	x
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.1	40.8	41.4	x	x	x
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	45,210	23,555	21,655	x	x	x
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	685	320	370	x	x	x
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	44,520	23,235	21,285	x	x	x
Employee	38,705	19,590	19,115	x	x	x
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	5,820	3,650	2,170	x	x	x
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	45,205	23,555	21,655	x	x	x
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	685	315	370	x	x	x
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	44,520	23,235	21,285	x	x	x
0 Management occupations	4,285	2,475	1,810	x	x	x
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	5,850	1,340	4,515	x	x	x
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	2,075	1,685	390	x	x	x
3 Health occupations	3,260	440	2,820	x	x	x
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	4,560	1,410	3,150	x	x	x
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,105	500	610	x	x	x
6 Sales and service occupations	9,585	3,275	6,310	x	x	x
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	7,145	6,730	415	x	x	x
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	3,360	3,035	330	x	x	x
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	3,285	2,355	930	x	x	x
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	45,205	23,555	21,655	x	x	x
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	690	320	370	x	x	x
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	44,520	23,240	21,280	x	x	x
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	3,225	2,785	445	x	x	x
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	245	235	10	x	x	x
22 Utilities	225	165	60	x	x	x
23 Construction	3,635	3,280	350	x	x	x
31-33 Manufacturing	5,465	3,965	1,500	x	x	x
41 Wholesale trade	1,155	845	305	x	x	x
44-45 Retail trade	5,495	2,275	3,220	x	x	x
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,440	1,050	395	x	x	x
51 Information and cultural industries	775	475	305	x	x	x
52 Finance and insurance	1,100	325	770	x	x	x
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	535	270	265	x	x	x
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,140	1,065	1,070	x	x	x
55 Management of companies and enterprises	20	15	10	x	x	x
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,010	1,055	955	x	x	x
61 Educational services	2,800	900	1,900	x	x	x
62 Health care and social assistance	5,820	770	5,050	x	x	x
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	900	460	440	x	x	x
72 Accommodation and food services	2,800	835	1,960	x	x	x
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,915	860	1,055	x	x	x
91 Public administration	2,815	1,605	1,215	x	x	x
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	41,150	21,275	19,875	x	x	x
Worked at home	3,360	1,590	1,770	x	x	x
Worked outside Canada	130	80	50	x	x	x
No fixed workplace address	6,140	4,885	1,260	x	x	x
Worked at usual place	31,520	14,725	16,800	x	x	x
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	31,515	14,720	16,795	x	x	x
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	18,415	8,520	9,890	x	x	x
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	8,840	3,805	5,040	x	x	x
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	3,945	2,155	1,785	x	x	x
Commute to a different province or territory	315	235	80	x	x	x
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	37,660	19,605	18,055	x	x	x
Car, truck, van - as a driver	32,575	17,070	15,500	x	x	x
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	2,660	1,255	1,410	x	x	x
Public transit	335	155	185	x	x	x
Walked	1,430	660	775	x	x	x
Bicycle	75	60	15	x	x	x
Other method	585	410	175	x	x	x
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	37,660	19,605	18,055	x	x	x
Less than 15 minutes	13,110	6,325	6,790	x	x	x
15 to 29 minutes	11,175	5,385	5,790	x	x	x
30 to 44 minutes	7,525	4,345	3,175	x	x	x
45 to 59 minutes	3,050	1,690	1,365	x	x	x
60 minutes and over	2,795	1,865	930	x	x	x
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	37,665	19,605	18,055	x	x	x
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	3,020	2,180	835	x	x	x
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	7,980	4,905	3,070	x	x	x
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	11,600	5,995	5,605	x	x	x
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	6,685	2,380	4,300	x	x	x
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	3,010	1,000	2,010	x	x	x
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	5,370	3,145	2,225	x	x	x
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	49,830	25,930	23,905	x	x	x
Single responses	49,680	25,870	23,805	x	x	x
Official languages	49,645	25,845	23,805	x	x	x
English	49,470	25,785	23,680	x	x	x
French	180	60	120	x	x	x
Non-official languages	30	25	0	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Blackfoot	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Atikamekw	0	0	0	x	x	x
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Moose Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Naskapi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Plains Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Woods Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malecite	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ojibway	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Beaver	0	0	0	x	x	x
Carrier	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chilcotin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dene	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gwich'in	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sekani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	x	x	x
South Slavey	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haida	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuit languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuktitut	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cayuga	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mohawk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oneida	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kutenai	0	0	0	x	x	x
Michif	0	0	0	x	x	x
Salish languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Comox	0	0	0	x	x	x
Halkomelem	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lillooet	0	0	0	x	x	x
Okanagan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Squamish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Straits	0	0	0	x	x	x
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Siouan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dakota	0	0	0	x	x	x
Stoney	0	0	0	x	x	x
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tlingit	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nisga'a	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haisla	0	0	0	x	x	x
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal languages	30	25	10	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	15	0	x	x	x
Berber languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kabyle	0	0	0	x	x	x
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bilen	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oromo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Somali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Semitic languages	15	15	10	x	x	x
Amharic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Arabic	10	10	0	x	x	x
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Harari	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hebrew	10	0	0	x	x	x
Maltese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tigrigna	0	0	0	x	x	x
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Vietnamese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bikol	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cebuano	0	0	0	x	x	x
Fijian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ilocano	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malagasy	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malay	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pangasinan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kannada	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malayalam	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tamil	0	0	0	x	x	x
Telugu	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Albanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Armenian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Baltic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Latvian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lithuanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Belarusan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bosnian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bulgarian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Croatian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Czech	0	0	0	x	x	x
Macedonian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Polish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Russian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Serbian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slovak	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ukrainian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Celtic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Welsh	0	0	0	x	x	x
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Germanic languages	0	10	0	x	x	x
Afrikaans	0	0	0	x	x	x
Danish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dutch	0	0	0	x	x	x
Frisian	0	0	0	x	x	x
German	0	0	0	x	x	x
Icelandic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Norwegian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swedish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yiddish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Greek	0	0	0	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bengali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gujarati	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hindi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kashmiri	0	0	0	x	x	x
Konkani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Marathi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nepali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sindhi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Urdu	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iranian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kurdish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pashto	0	0	0	x	x	x
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Catalan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Italian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Portuguese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Romanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Spanish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Japanese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Georgian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Korean	10	0	0	x	x	x
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mongolian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bamanankan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Edo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ewe	0	0	0	x	x	x
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ga	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ganda	0	0	0	x	x	x
Igbo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lingala	0	0	0	x	x	x
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Shona	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swahili	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wolof	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yoruba	0	0	0	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dinka	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sign languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
American Sign Language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	10	0	x	x	x
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chinese languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cantonese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hakka	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mandarin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Min Dong	0	0	0	x	x	x
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Burmese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Karenic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibetan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lao	0	0	0	x	x	x
Thai	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uyghur	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uzbek	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uralic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Estonian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Finnish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hungarian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Multiple responses	155	60	95	x	x	x
English and French	95	35	65	x	x	x
English and non-official language	55	25	35	x	x	x
French and non-official language	0	0	0	x	x	x
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	49,830	25,930	23,900	x	x	x
None	48,655	25,400	23,250	x	x	x
English	140	45	90	x	x	x
French	840	390	450	x	x	x
Non-official language	180	85	100	x	x	x
Aboriginal	0	0	0	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal	185	90	95	x	x	x
English and French	0	0	0	x	x	x
English and non-official language	0	0	0	x	x	x
French and non-official language	10	0	15	x	x	x
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	89,865	44,210	45,655	x	x	x
Non-movers	81,985	40,385	41,590	x	x	x
Movers	7,885	3,820	4,065	x	x	x
Non-migrants	4,195	2,035	2,160	x	x	x
Migrants	3,685	1,785	1,905	x	x	x
Internal migrants	3,390	1,615	1,775	x	x	x
Intraprovincial migrants	2,215	1,015	1,195	x	x	x
Interprovincial migrants	1,175	605	580	x	x	x
External migrants	300	170	130	x	x	x
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	86,945	42,720	44,220	x	x	x
Non-movers	64,845	32,080	32,755	x	x	x
Movers	22,100	10,635	11,465	x	x	x
Non-migrants	11,945	5,760	6,185	x	x	x
Migrants	10,155	4,880	5,275	x	x	x
Internal migrants	9,390	4,440	4,945	x	x	x
Intraprovincial migrants	5,915	2,760	3,150	x	x	x
Interprovincial migrants	3,480	1,680	1,800	x	x	x
External migrants	760	435	325	x	x	x

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

x

area and data suppression

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. South Shore--St. Margarets [Federal electoral district], Nova Scotia and Skwahla 2, IRI [Census subdivision], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 23, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
South Shore--St. Margarets [Federal electoral district], Nova Scotia and Skwahla 2, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census South Shore--St. Margarets [Federal electoral district], Nova Scotia and Skwahla 2, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], British Columbia

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
South Shore--St. Margarets [Federal electoral district], Nova Scotia and Skwahla 2, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], British Columbia