Census Profile, 2016 Census
Zone 1 - Western [Health region, December 2017], Nova Scotia and Placentia, Town [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Zone 1 - Western Nova Scotia [Health region, December 2017]			Placentia, T Newfoundland and Labrador [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Zone 1 - Western [Health region, December 2017], Nova Scotia Map : Zone 1 - Western [Health region, December 2017], Nova Scotia Change geography 1			Data quality : Placentia, Town [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	194,376	...	...	3,496	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	197,425	...	...	3,643	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-1.5	...	...	-4.0	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	103,868	...	...	1,852	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	86,750	...	...	1,559	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	11.0	...	...	60.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	17,733.65	...	...	58.09	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	194,375	94,430	99,945	3,495	1,725	1,770
0 to 14 years	25,855	13,235	12,620	405	230	175
0 to 4 years	7,900	4,035	3,865	110	55	55
5 to 9 years	8,835	4,535	4,300	150	95	50
10 to 14 years	9,115	4,665	4,455	150	80	65
15 to 64 years	121,420	59,475	61,940	2,175	1,075	1,100
15 to 19 years	10,525	5,465	5,060	165	85	75
20 to 24 years	9,130	4,620	4,510	165	95	70
25 to 29 years	8,560	4,245	4,315	130	60	70
30 to 34 years	8,910	4,300	4,605	170	75	90
35 to 39 years	9,565	4,515	5,050	145	75	65
40 to 44 years	11,230	5,425	5,800	175	80	90
45 to 49 years	12,965	6,320	6,645	215	105	110
50 to 54 years	16,600	8,110	8,485	275	125	150
55 to 59 years	17,640	8,580	9,055	370	180	195
60 to 64 years	16,300	7,890	8,415	370	195	180
65 years and over	47,105	21,720	25,385	915	420	495
65 to 69 years	15,865	7,760	8,105	345	170	175
70 to 74 years	11,545	5,590	5,955	220	105	115
75 to 79 years	8,230	3,875	4,350	150	80	80
80 to 84 years	5,710	2,540	3,165	105	45	65
85 years and over	5,760	1,955	3,810	95	30	70
85 to 89 years	3,475	1,310	2,160	55	15	40
90 to 94 years	1,685	510	1,170	35	10	25
95 to 99 years	510	120	390	5	5	5
100 years and over	100	10	80	0	5	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	13.3	14.0	12.6	11.6	13.3	9.9
15 to 64 years	62.5	63.0	62.0	62.2	62.3	62.1
65 years and over	24.2	23.0	25.4	26.2	24.3	28.0
85 years and over	3.0	2.1	3.8	2.7	1.7	4.0
Average age of the population	46.3	45.4	47.2	48.3	46.7	49.8
Median age of the population	50.2	49.3	50.9	53.3	52.0	54.1
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	86,750	...	...	1,555	...	...
Single-detached house	69,895	...	...	1,380	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	100	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	13,730	...	...	145	...	...
Semi-detached house	3,155	...	...	45	...	...
Row house	1,365	...	...	60	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,570	...	...	10	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	7,475	...	...	40	...	...
Other single-attached house	165	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	3,025	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	86,750	...	...	1,560	...	...
1 person	25,110	...	...	485	...	...
2 persons	37,125	...	...	615	...	...
3 persons	12,075	...	...	255	...	...
4 persons	8,610	...	...	140	...	...
5 or more persons	3,830	...	...	60	...	...
Number of persons in private households	190,775	...	...	3,375	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	168,525	81,195	87,330	3,090	1,495	1,595
Married or living common law	103,725	51,830	51,890	1,790	895	895
Married	84,375	42,175	42,200	1,545	770	770
Living common law	19,350	9,655	9,695	245	120	125
Not married and not living common law	64,800	29,365	35,435	1,300	595	700
Never married	35,985	19,760	16,230	760	425	335
Separated	5,025	2,265	2,760	65	30	35
Divorced	10,860	4,715	6,145	155	70	85
Widowed	12,925	2,630	10,300	315	70	245
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	60,065	...	...	1,060	...	...
2 persons	37,825	...	...	645	...	...
3 persons	11,490	...	...	230	...	...
4 persons	7,820	...	...	140	...	...
5 or more persons	2,930	...	...	40	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	60,070	...	...	1,060	...	...
Total couple families	51,180	...	...	875	...	...
Married couples	41,505	...	...	755	...	...
Common-law couples	9,670	...	...	125	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	8,890	...	...	180	...	...
Female parent	6,970	...	...	155	...	...
Male parent	1,915	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	51,180	...	...	875	...	...
Couples without children	32,115	...	...	525	...	...
Couples with children	19,065	...	...	355	...	...
1 child	9,115	...	...	190	...	...
2 children	7,200	...	...	130	...	...
3 or more children	2,745	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	8,885	...	...	180	...	...
1 child	5,715	...	...	120	...	...
2 children	2,370	...	...	40	...	...
3 or more children	800	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	33,755	15,440	18,315	620	285	335
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	86,750	...	...	1,560	...	...
One-census-family households	58,215	...	...	1,025	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	31,365	...	...	510	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	26,850	...	...	515	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	920	...	...	15	...	...
Non-census-family households	27,620	...	...	520	...	...
One-person households	25,105	...	...	485	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	2,510	...	...	35	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	191,605	93,425	98,175	3,415	1,695	1,720
English only	166,900	82,130	84,770	3,360	1,670	1,690
French only	245	110	130	0	0	0
English and French	24,275	11,095	13,185	50	20	30
Neither English nor French	190	100	90	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	191,600	93,425	98,180	3,415	1,695	1,720
English	179,330	87,420	91,910	3,395	1,685	1,710
French	11,840	5,795	6,045	10	5	5
English and French	275	130	140	5	5	0
Neither English nor French	165	85	80	5	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	11,975	5,855	6,115	10	5	5
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	6.3	6.3	6.2	0.3	0.3	0.3
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	191,605	93,425	98,175	3,415	1,695	1,720
Single responses	190,320	92,815	97,505	3,405	1,690	1,720
Official languages	186,570	91,020	95,550	3,380	1,675	1,710
English	174,490	85,135	89,355	3,370	1,670	1,700
French	12,080	5,890	6,195	10	5	5
Non-official languages	3,750	1,795	1,950	25	15	10
Aboriginal languages	70	30	40	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	30	15	20	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	30	10	15	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	30	10	15	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	5	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	30	15	20	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	25	10	15	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,685	1,765	1,915	25	15	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	270	155	115	5	5	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages	260	145	115	5	5	0
Amharic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	245	140	110	5	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	5	5	0	0	0
Maltese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	40	15	20	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	40	20	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	160	45	115	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	15	5	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	5	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	130	40	90	0	0	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	20	15	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	15	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	60	35	25	0	0	0
Kannada	5	5	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	35	20	15	0	0	0
Tamil	10	10	5	0	0	0
Telugu	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,420	1,195	1,230	15	10	5
Albanian	15	5	15	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	300	135	165	0	5	5
Baltic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Latvian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	285	120	160	0	5	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Croatian	15	10	10	5	0	5
Czech	35	15	20	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Polish	85	30	50	0	0	0
Russian	65	25	40	0	0	0
Serbian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	5	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	45	25	25	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	15	5	5	0	0	0
Welsh	5	0	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,600	785	815	0	0	0
Afrikaans	20	10	15	0	0	0
Danish	35	20	10	0	0	0
Dutch	460	225	235	0	0	0
Frisian	15	5	10	0	0	0
German	1,010	495	515	0	0	0
Icelandic	10	0	5	0	0	0
Norwegian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Swedish	25	10	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	5	0	5	0
Yiddish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Greek	20	15	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	145	85	60	10	5	0
Indo-Aryan languages	110	65	45	5	5	0
Bengali	15	5	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	5	5	0	0	0
Hindi	25	15	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	35	15	15	5	5	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Urdu	15	15	5	0	0	0
Iranian languages	35	20	15	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	5	0	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	25	15	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	320	160	160	0	0	5
Catalan	5	5	0	0	0	0
Italian	55	30	20	0	0	0
Portuguese	60	20	35	0	0	0
Romanian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Spanish	190	90	100	5	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	60	20	45	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	75	35	35	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	5	5	5	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Shona	5	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Dinka	10	0	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	30	10	20	5	5	0
American Sign Language	10	5	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	25	10	10	0	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	355	175	185	5	0	5
Chinese languages	345	170	175	5	0	0
Cantonese	85	40	50	0	5	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	190	90	90	5	0	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	65	30	35	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Burmese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	5	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Lao	5	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	30	10	20	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	30	15	15	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	95	35	60	0	0	0
Estonian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Finnish	30	10	25	0	0	0
Hungarian	50	20	30	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,280	610	675	5	5	0
English and French	875	415	460	0	0	0
English and non-official language	360	170	195	0	5	0
French and non-official language	20	15	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	25	10	15	5	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	191,605	93,425	98,175	3,415	1,695	1,715
Single responses	190,280	92,790	97,490	3,400	1,685	1,715
Official languages	188,965	92,135	96,835	3,390	1,675	1,715
English	181,220	88,430	92,790	3,385	1,675	1,710
French	7,745	3,705	4,045	5	0	5
Non-official languages	1,315	650	655	10	10	5
Aboriginal languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	5	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	5	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,305	650	655	15	10	5
Afro-Asiatic languages	170	90	80	5	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages	155	85	75	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	150	85	70	5	5	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	35	15	15	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	35	15	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	45	15	20	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	45	20	25	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	0	0	5	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kannada	0	5	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	690	345	345	5	5	5
Albanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	55	25	35	5	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	50	25	30	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	5	5	0	0	0	5
Czech	0	5	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	20	5	15	0	0	0
Russian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	450	215	235	0	0	0
Afrikaans	5	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dutch	35	20	20	0	0	0
Frisian	5	0	5	0	0	0
German	390	185	205	0	0	0
Icelandic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Swedish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Greek	5	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	70	40	25	0	5	0
Indo-Aryan languages	45	25	20	0	0	0
Bengali	10	0	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Urdu	10	5	5	0	0	0
Iranian languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	5	5	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	120	65	50	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Portuguese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Romanian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Spanish	85	50	35	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	20	5	10	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	30	15	15	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	5	0	5	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dinka	10	0	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	55	30	30	5	5	0
American Sign Language	25	10	15	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	30	25	10	0	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	195	105	85	0	0	0
Chinese languages	195	110	90	5	0	0
Cantonese	45	20	25	0	5	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	120	65	50	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	30	15	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	15	5	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	5	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,325	640	685	15	10	5
English and French	555	260	295	0	0	5
English and non-official language	725	355	370	10	10	0
French and non-official language	5	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	45	20	20	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	191,600	93,425	98,175	3,415	1,695	1,720
None	181,780	88,815	92,965	3,395	1,685	1,710
English	4,045	1,940	2,105	0	0	0
French	4,180	1,940	2,240	5	0	0
Non-official language	1,495	670	820	10	0	5
Aboriginal	65	30	40	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,430	645	790	5	5	5
English and French	15	5	5	0	0	0
English and non-official language	10	15	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	80	45	35	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	164,955	79,865	85,090	2,970	1,445	1,530
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	158,810	77,115	81,690	2,865	1,395	1,470
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,105	35,241	23,086	30,795	41,440	24,928
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	158,900	77,125	81,775	2,865	1,400	1,470
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,717	31,311	21,708	28,203	36,407	23,325
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	135,415	68,090	67,325	2,310	1,185	1,125
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,715	32,451	20,206	28,186	38,400	22,272
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	123,915	56,570	67,345	2,305	1,070	1,235
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,619	9,723	7,948	10,549	11,797	9,480
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	105,220	54,460	50,765	1,915	1,005	910
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,704	31,425	21,335	30,720	43,349	22,997
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	164,955	79,880	85,075	2,980	1,450	1,530
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	158,725	77,125	81,600	2,885	1,420	1,470
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,861	44,559	29,585	42,985	54,110	32,251
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	158,830	77,130	81,700	2,890	1,420	1,470
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,017	36,703	25,649	35,654	43,505	28,079
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	135,460	68,240	67,225	2,335	1,225	1,115
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,777	42,222	27,220	42,651	52,641	31,685
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	124,085	56,600	67,485	2,290	1,080	1,210
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,186	9,816	8,657	10,676	11,454	9,984
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	105,220	54,525	50,690	1,950	1,035	915
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,161	40,574	27,263	44,610	55,507	32,279
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	164,955	79,880	85,075	2,980	1,450	1,530
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	45,265	24,815	20,450	775	425	350
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	41,913	46,988	37,401	51,397	59,587	42,567
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	49,262	54,859	42,471	65,544	77,718	50,652
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	80.4	83.7	75.8	79.7	83.3	74.0
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	61.5	64.4	57.4	69.4	74.4	62.3
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	19.6	16.3	24.2	20.3	16.6	26.0
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	164,955	79,865	85,090	2,970	1,440	1,530
Without total income	6,145	2,745	3,395	105	45	60
With total income	158,810	77,120	81,695	2,870	1,395	1,470
Percentage with total income	96.3	96.6	96.0	96.6	96.9	96.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	22,715	8,715	14,000	390	135	260
$10,000 to $19,999	33,510	12,425	21,085	530	210	320
$20,000 to $29,999	27,635	11,790	15,845	485	180	305
$30,000 to $39,999	21,745	10,620	11,125	325	155	170
$40,000 to $49,999	16,285	8,960	7,325	300	165	140
$50,000 to $59,999	11,050	6,890	4,165	190	115	80
$60,000 to $69,999	7,835	5,340	2,490	145	90	55
$70,000 to $79,999	5,775	3,830	1,945	115	70	45
$80,000 to $89,999	4,045	2,435	1,610	90	60	30
$90,000 to $99,999	2,350	1,575	780	55	35	25
$100,000 and over	5,865	4,540	1,330	235	195	40
$100,000 to $149,999	4,220	3,245	980	160	130	30
$150,000 and over	1,640	1,290	345	75	65	10
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	164,955	79,865	85,090	2,970	1,440	1,525
Without after-tax income	6,055	2,740	3,310	105	45	60
With after-tax income	158,900	77,120	81,780	2,870	1,395	1,470
Percentage with after-tax income	96.3	96.6	96.1	96.6	96.9	96.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	23,810	8,935	14,875	405	140	265
$10,000 to $19,999	35,565	13,300	22,265	550	215	335
$20,000 to $29,999	32,630	14,495	18,130	565	230	340
$30,000 to $39,999	25,430	13,235	12,190	425	215	215
$40,000 to $49,999	16,385	10,020	6,370	290	170	120
$50,000 to $59,999	10,325	6,935	3,395	205	120	80
$60,000 to $69,999	6,460	4,060	2,405	130	80	50
$70,000 to $79,999	3,205	2,220	985	90	60	25
$80,000 and over	5,085	3,930	1,165	210	170	35
$80,000 to $89,999	1,800	1,370	430	65	45	20
$90,000 to $99,999	1,040	800	235	40	30	5
$100,000 and over	2,245	1,750	495	105	90	10
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	164,955	79,865	85,090	2,975	1,440	1,530
Without employment income	59,735	25,410	34,330	1,060	435	625
With employment income	105,215	54,455	50,765	1,915	1,010	905
Percentage with employment income	63.8	68.2	59.7	64.4	70.1	59.2
Under $5,000 (including loss)	16,520	7,955	8,565	265	120	140
$5,000 to $9,999	9,985	4,185	5,795	155	60	100
$10,000 to $19,999	17,155	7,350	9,805	285	120	165
$20,000 to $29,999	14,980	6,815	8,165	235	85	150
$30,000 to $39,999	12,695	6,250	6,445	150	85	65
$40,000 to $49,999	9,445	5,310	4,130	180	90	85
$50,000 to $59,999	6,990	4,545	2,445	130	85	45
$60,000 to $69,999	5,160	3,575	1,580	105	65	40
$70,000 to $79,999	4,010	2,550	1,465	80	45	35
$80,000 and over	8,285	5,920	2,360	320	240	75
$80,000 to $89,999	2,945	1,725	1,220	75	45	30
$90,000 to $99,999	1,615	1,145	470	55	35	20
$100,000 and over	3,725	3,050	670	195	165	30
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	86,750	...	...	1,560	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	53,900	...	...	60,352	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	48,168	...	...	52,832	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	25,105	...	...	485	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	26,401	...	...	24,640	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	24,639	...	...	23,296	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	61,645	...	...	1,075	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	67,500	...	...	82,901	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	59,363	...	...	71,322	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	86,750	...	...	1,560	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	67,443	...	...	79,659	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	56,788	...	...	66,073	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	25,115	...	...	495	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	36,531	...	...	33,589	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,824	...	...	29,502	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	61,630	...	...	1,065	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	80,041	...	...	100,887	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	67,370	...	...	82,924	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	86,750	...	...	1,555	...	...
Under $5,000	1,100	...	...	15	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	1,595	...	...	35	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	2,630	...	...	45	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5,360	...	...	105	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	5,095	...	...	105	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	4,925	...	...	95	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	5,770	...	...	100	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	4,895	...	...	70	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	4,635	...	...	65	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	4,300	...	...	50	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	7,800	...	...	95	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	6,950	...	...	95	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	6,090	...	...	95	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	5,170	...	...	80	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	4,130	...	...	70	...	...
$100,000 and over	16,315	...	...	440	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	7,100	...	...	125	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	4,000	...	...	105	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	3,330	...	...	135	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,880	...	...	75	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	86,750	...	...	1,560	...	...
Under $5,000	1,190	...	...	15	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	1,620	...	...	35	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	2,675	...	...	45	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5,670	...	...	105	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	5,725	...	...	125	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	5,705	...	...	105	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	6,545	...	...	100	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	5,700	...	...	85	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	5,390	...	...	70	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	4,995	...	...	65	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	9,500	...	...	115	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	7,920	...	...	125	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	6,270	...	...	95	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	4,740	...	...	90	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	3,560	...	...	70	...	...
$100,000 and over	9,550	...	...	315	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	5,185	...	...	140	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,320	...	...	85	...	...
$150,000 and over	2,045	...	...	95	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	59,705	...	...	1,050	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	67,361	...	...	82,330	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	59,260	...	...	70,144	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	30,735	...	...	495	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	62,210	...	...	70,400	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	55,165	...	...	61,781	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	19,365	...	...	360	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	91,634	...	...	126,592	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	78,235	...	...	102,400	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.8	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	8,315	...	...	170	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	40,550	...	...	49,024	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	38,403	...	...	44,416	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	59,730	...	...	1,050	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	79,996	...	...	99,919	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	67,263	...	...	82,131	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	30,760	...	...	475	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	74,209	...	...	91,648	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	62,414	...	...	74,994	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	19,360	...	...	375	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	102,988	...	...	133,427	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	85,268	...	...	107,928	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	8,345	...	...	170	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,807	...	...	55,034	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	42,766	...	...	49,243	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	30,875	14,315	16,565	560	255	305
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	25,461	28,871	23,672	25,664	33,152	22,955
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	23,981	26,014	22,825	24,000	29,440	22,272
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	30,755	14,300	16,450	555	255	295
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	34,863	38,365	31,819	35,055	41,087	29,869
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	29,539	31,511	27,824	30,497	34,462	27,089
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	190,775	93,080	97,690	3,370	1,670	1,700
In the bottom half of the distribution	123,785	58,830	64,950	1,690	780	910
In the bottom decile	22,040	10,190	11,850	315	150	160
In the second decile	30,795	13,900	16,895	470	185	280
In the third decile	25,100	12,085	13,020	315	150	165
In the fourth decile	23,725	11,615	12,110	310	150	160
In the fifth decile	22,125	11,045	11,075	290	145	145
In the top half of the distribution	66,990	34,250	32,740	1,680	890	790
In the sixth decile	19,700	9,960	9,735	320	170	150
In the seventh decile	16,870	8,640	8,235	365	185	180
In the eighth decile	13,260	6,795	6,460	345	180	160
In the ninth decile	10,140	5,210	4,930	390	210	180
In the top decile	7,025	3,645	3,385	260	145	115
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	190,080	92,730	97,350	3,370	1,670	1,700
0 to 17 years	31,965	16,410	15,555	500	280	220
0 to 5 years	9,515	4,855	4,660	140	80	60
18 to 64 years	113,645	55,375	58,270	2,055	1,005	1,050
65 years and over	44,470	20,940	23,530	820	380	435
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	38,365	17,325	21,040	595	265	335
0 to 17 years	8,185	4,185	3,995	95	60	35
0 to 5 years	2,835	1,460	1,375	35	20	15
18 to 64 years	20,075	9,080	10,990	300	125	170
65 years and over	10,110	4,055	6,050	205	80	120
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	20.2	18.7	21.6	17.7	15.9	19.7
0 to 17 years (%)	25.6	25.5	25.7	19.0	21.4	15.9
0 to 5 years (%)	29.8	30.1	29.5	25.0	25.0	25.0
18 to 64 years (%)	17.7	16.4	18.9	14.6	12.4	16.2
65 years and over (%)	22.7	19.4	25.7	25.0	21.1	27.6
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	11,870	5,665	6,200	175	90	85
0 to 17 years	2,590	1,330	1,260	30	15	15
0 to 5 years	900	470	430	10	5	5
18 to 64 years	8,570	4,035	4,535	130	65	65
65 years and over	710	305	400	10	5	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	6.2	6.1	6.4	5.2	5.4	5.0
0 to 17 years (%)	8.1	8.1	8.1	6.0	5.4	6.8
0 to 5 years (%)	9.5	9.7	9.2	7.1	6.3	8.3
18 to 64 years (%)	7.5	7.3	7.8	6.3	6.5	6.2
65 years and over (%)	1.6	1.5	1.7	1.2	1.3	1.1
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	190,780	93,115	97,655	3,375	1,685	1,685
Official languages	190,630	93,025	97,605	3,370	1,685	1,685
English	190,365	92,895	97,470	3,370	1,690	1,685
French	24,535	11,075	13,455	50	15	35
Non-official languages	6,045	2,795	3,250	60	45	15
Aboriginal languages	95	55	35	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	75	50	30	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	80	50	30	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	80	50	30	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	5,955	2,735	3,215	60	50	15
Afro-Asiatic languages	355	180	170	20	10	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	340	170	170	15	10	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	300	150	150	15	10	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	40	25	20	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	80	30	45	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	75	30	45	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	235	60	170	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	10	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	30	10	25	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	195	55	135	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	60	45	20	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	10	10	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	35	35	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	55	35	15	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	55	35	15	0	0	0
Tamil	15	10	10	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	4,165	1,945	2,220	30	30	10
Albanian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	400	190	215	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	400	185	215	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	30	20	20	0	0	0
Croatian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Czech	25	0	20	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Polish	110	45	60	0	0	0
Russian	125	65	65	0	0	0
Serbian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	15	10	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	65	25	45	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	55	35	20	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	30	10	15	0	0	0
Welsh	15	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	2,190	1,045	1,145	10	10	0
Afrikaans	35	15	15	0	0	0
Danish	60	30	30	0	0	0
Dutch	535	220	315	0	0	0
Frisian	20	0	15	0	0	0
German	1,500	760	740	0	10	0
Icelandic	30	15	15	0	0	0
Norwegian	20	0	10	0	0	0
Swedish	40	20	20	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Yiddish	0	10	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	35	10	25	0	0	0
Greek	45	20	25	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	235	130	110	20	15	10
Indo-Aryan languages	180	90	85	20	15	0
Bengali	10	10	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	25	10	20	0	0	0
Hindi	70	40	35	20	20	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	65	40	30	20	15	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Urdu	45	35	15	0	0	0
Iranian languages	65	40	25	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	25	15	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	40	30	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,365	595	775	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	205	85	120	0	0	0
Portuguese	105	50	55	0	0	0
Romanian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Spanish	1,090	445	640	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	20	15	10	0	0	0
Japanese	90	35	55	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	135	75	60	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	45	15	30	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	10	0	10	0	0	0
Swahili	20	0	10	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	310	105	205	0	0	0
American Sign Language	115	35	80	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	200	65	135	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	400	195	200	10	10	0
Chinese languages	395	195	195	15	10	0
Cantonese	110	45	65	15	10	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	265	145	125	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	25	10	15	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	40	25	20	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Lao	10	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	30	15	15	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	40	25	15	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	40	20	20	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	100	40	65	0	0	0
Estonian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Finnish	35	0	25	0	0	0
Hungarian	65	25	40	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	190,775	93,115	97,660	3,370	1,690	1,680
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	187,160	91,415	95,750	3,350	1,675	1,680
Canadian citizens aged under 18	31,815	16,400	15,415	480	270	210
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	155,345	75,010	80,335	2,870	1,405	1,470
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	3,615	1,705	1,905	20	15	10
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	190,780	93,115	97,660	3,375	1,685	1,685
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	181,315	88,645	92,675	3,305	1,635	1,670
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	8,840	4,105	4,735	65	50	15
Before 1981	4,340	2,060	2,280	15	15	0
1981 to 1990	890	375	510	0	0	10
1991 to 2000	875	375	500	10	10	0
2001 to 2010	1,750	800	950	35	25	0
2001 to 2005	680	285	395	30	25	10
2006 to 2010	1,075	515	555	0	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	985	490	495	15	10	10
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	620	370	250	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	8,840	4,105	4,735	65	50	15
Under 5 years	1,160	530	630	0	10	0
5 to 14 years	1,610	735	880	10	10	0
15 to 24 years	1,635	670	970	20	20	0
25 to 44 years	3,255	1,530	1,725	25	10	10
45 years and over	1,170	635	535	10	10	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	8,835	4,105	4,735	65	50	15
Americas	2,540	1,055	1,485	10	10	0
Brazil	25	0	25	0	0	0
Colombia	55	20	35	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haiti	10	0	10	0	0	0
Jamaica	55	30	20	0	0	0
Mexico	55	25	35	0	0	0
Peru	20	10	20	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	35	20	15	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	2,110	880	1,230	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	175	70	105	0	0	0
Europe	4,930	2,445	2,485	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	15	10	0	0	0	0
France	140	75	65	0	0	0
Germany	790	380	410	0	0	0
Greece	25	15	0	0	0	0
Hungary	15	10	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	90	65	30	0	0	0
Italy	60	30	35	0	0	0
Netherlands	455	205	255	0	0	0
Poland	75	35	40	0	0	0
Portugal	15	10	0	0	0	0
Romania	20	10	15	0	0	0
Russian Federation	45	15	30	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	25	10	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	30	15	20	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	2,800	1,395	1,405	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	315	180	140	10	0	0
Africa	175	90	85	20	15	10
Algeria	10	0	10	10	10	0
Egypt	15	10	10	20	15	10
Ethiopia	0	10	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	10	0	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	15	10	10	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	60	25	35	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	70	35	35	0	0	0
Asia	1,040	425	615	30	20	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	215	65	150	10	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	15	10	10	0	0	0
India	115	70	40	25	20	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	30	20	10	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	30	0	30	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	70	25	40	0	0	0
Lebanon	80	45	35	0	0	0
Pakistan	25	15	10	0	0	0
Philippines	150	30	120	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	15	10	10	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	60	35	25	0	0	0
Taiwan	25	10	15	0	0	0
Viet Nam	55	15	45	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	155	80	75	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	150	85	65	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	980	490	495	10	0	10
Americas	150	85	65	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	10	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	15	15	10	0	0	0
Mexico	15	10	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	100	65	40	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	430	225	205	0	0	0
France	15	10	10	0	0	0
Germany	50	30	20	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	25	20	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	0	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	285	150	130	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	45	15	30	0	0	0
Africa	35	30	10	10	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	15	0	10
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	10	10	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	20	10	10	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	335	130	210	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	60	25	35	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	30	10	15	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	15	10	10	0	0	0
Japan	15	0	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	25	10	20	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Philippines	65	15	50	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	15	0	10	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	60	35	25	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	20	10	15	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	20	10	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	10	10	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	30	30	0	0	0	0
Australia	15	15	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	190,775	93,120	97,660	3,370	1,685	1,685
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	10,250	4,920	5,330	80	55	25
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	12,310	6,110	6,205	95	50	50
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	168,220	82,090	86,130	3,195	1,580	1,615
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	4,580	2,090	2,485	60	40	15
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	2,520	1,250	1,275	35	30	0
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	1,130	715	420	0	0	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	1,390	535	855	30	25	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	1,835	725	1,105	30	15	10
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	205	105	105	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	190,775	93,120	97,660	3,370	1,685	1,685
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	14,185	7,185	7,000	60	25	35
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	13,770	7,005	6,765	60	25	30
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	4,290	2,195	2,095	55	25	25
Métis	9,350	4,735	4,615	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	135	75	65	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	255	125	135	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	150	55	95	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	176,590	85,930	90,660	3,315	1,660	1,655
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	190,775	93,120	97,655	3,375	1,685	1,685
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	2,770	1,420	1,345	10	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	188,005	91,695	96,315	3,365	1,685	1,680
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	190,775	93,115	97,655	3,375	1,690	1,685
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	2,815	1,430	1,385	0	0	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	2,685	1,370	1,320	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	1,485	755	730	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	1,150	590	560	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	60	25	30	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	120	60	60	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	100	55	50	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	15	10	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	17,165	8,440	8,725	115	55	60
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	16,450	8,120	8,320	115	55	60
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	7,775	3,780	3,995	95	45	50
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	8,510	4,265	4,245	10	10	0
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	160	75	80	10	0	15
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	720	315	400	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	625	275	350	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	0	20	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	50	30	15	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	10	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	170,800	83,250	87,550	3,260	1,630	1,625
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	190,775	93,115	97,655	3,370	1,685	1,685
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	4,685	2,265	2,420	75	55	25
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	375	200	175	20	15	0
Chinese	610	280	330	20	15	0
Black	2,275	1,110	1,165	0	0	0
Filipino	240	75	165	0	0	0
Latin American	235	100	135	0	0	0
Arab	270	155	115	30	25	10
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	195	95	100	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	50	30	20	0	0	0
Korean	115	75	45	0	0	0
Japanese	90	40	55	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	70	30	35	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	160	75	85	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	186,090	90,855	95,240	3,295	1,635	1,665
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	190,775	93,120	97,660	3,375	1,690	1,685
North American Aboriginal origins	19,975	9,870	10,105	115	55	60
First Nations (North American Indian)	10,030	4,870	5,165	95	45	45
Inuit	330	155	180	15	0	10
Métis	10,475	5,230	5,250	10	10	0
Other North American origins	100,350	48,875	51,475	2,005	990	1,015
Acadian	7,285	3,505	3,790	0	0	0
American	1,785	905	880	20	10	10
Canadian	94,050	45,825	48,225	1,985	975	1,010
New Brunswicker	10	10	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	210	120	90	20	10	10
Nova Scotian	210	105	105	0	0	0
Ontarian	55	40	10	0	0	0
Québécois	80	50	30	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	10	0	10	0	0	0
European origins	124,285	60,335	63,955	1,855	935	925
British Isles origins	92,940	44,485	48,450	1,840	925	910
Channel Islander	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	40	10	35	0	0	0
English	55,715	26,410	29,300	940	485	460
Irish	31,465	14,525	16,945	1,295	630	665
Manx	55	20	30	0	0	0
Scottish	38,590	18,060	20,530	195	80	105
Welsh	3,245	1,585	1,665	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	3,385	1,670	1,715	15	0	10
French origins	30,590	14,495	16,095	95	55	40
Alsatian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	10	0	0	0
Corsican	10	10	0	0	0	0
French	30,575	14,480	16,095	100	55	40
Western European origins (except French origins)	38,835	18,540	20,290	55	35	20
Austrian	405	155	255	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Belgian	335	170	160	20	10	15
Dutch	9,875	4,480	5,395	0	0	0
Flemish	65	15	45	0	0	0
Frisian	10	10	10	0	0	0
German	31,695	15,230	16,475	30	25	10
Luxembourger	15	10	0	0	0	0
Swiss	745	345	400	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	30	10	15	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	2,615	1,255	1,360	15	10	0
Danish	585	275	310	0	0	0
Finnish	220	110	115	0	0	0
Icelandic	180	80	100	0	0	0
Norwegian	980	490	495	10	10	0
Swedish	560	265	295	0	10	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	230	110	120	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	3,815	1,705	2,110	10	0	0
Bulgarian	50	20	25	0	0	0
Byelorussian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Czech	125	55	65	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	60	20	35	0	0	0
Estonian	65	45	20	0	0	0
Hungarian	415	175	235	0	0	0
Latvian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Lithuanian	115	50	70	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	1,455	635	820	0	0	0
Romanian	180	70	105	0	0	0
Russian	670	305	370	0	0	0
Slovak	50	10	40	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,095	490	605	10	0	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	45	20	25	0	0	0
Southern European origins	3,345	1,605	1,745	15	10	0
Albanian	10	0	15	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	65	20	40	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	335	175	160	0	0	0
Italian	1,735	830	905	0	0	0
Kosovar	15	0	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	35	15	25	0	0	0
Maltese	55	40	15	0	0	0
Montenegrin	10	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	445	225	220	0	0	0
Serbian	40	15	20	0	0	0
Sicilian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slovenian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Spanish	580	235	345	10	10	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	75	50	25	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Other European origins	1,060	515	540	0	0	0
Basque	25	10	20	0	0	0
Jewish	360	185	170	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	50	40	10	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	625	275	350	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	650	345	305	0	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	80	45	35	0	0	0
Bermudan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	35	0	25	0	0	0
Dominican	10	10	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	350	195	155	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	55	20	40	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10	0	10	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	90	55	30	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	465	225	245	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	30	0	25	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Chilean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Colombian	100	40	60	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	20	15	10	0	0	0
Guyanese	40	20	20	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	15	10	10	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	170	100	75	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Salvadorean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	15	0	20	0	0	0
African origins	1,840	915	920	30	25	0
Central and West African origins	35	20	15	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	25	20	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	130	70	65	25	25	10
Algerian	20	0	10	10	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	55	40	15	25	20	0
Libyan	25	10	15	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	10	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	20	10	15	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	130	65	65	0	0	0
Afrikaner	10	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	75	45	25	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	15	0	10	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other African origins	1,555	760	790	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	330	160	175	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	1,230	605	630	0	0	0
Asian origins	2,915	1,430	1,485	45	30	15
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,030	545	490	10	10	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	30	25	10	0	0	0
Armenian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	55	30	25	0	0	0
Iraqi	10	10	0	0	0	0
Israeli	15	10	10	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	645	340	310	10	10	0
Palestinian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	25	10	15	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Syrian	165	85	85	10	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	10	0	0	0	0
Turk	65	25	40	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	10	10	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	500	265	235	25	15	10
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	405	210	195	20	20	10
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	40	25	20	0	0	0
Punjabi	25	20	10	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	35	25	10	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,405	640	770	15	10	10
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	725	340	385	10	0	10
Filipino	335	110	220	10	0	10
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Japanese	105	50	55	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	105	60	50	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	25	10	15	0	0	0
Thai	35	15	15	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	105	55	50	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	15	0	15	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	20	10	15	0	0	0
Oceania origins	195	120	75	0	0	0
Australian	110	70	35	0	0	0
New Zealander	55	35	20	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	30	20	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	10	10	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	20	10	15	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	86,750	...	...	1,555	...	...
Owner	66,295	...	...	1,260	...	...
Renter	20,205	...	...	300	...	...
Band housing	250	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	86,750	...	...	1,560	...	...
Condominium	1,140	...	...	10	...	...
Not condominium	85,610	...	...	1,555	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	86,750	...	...	1,560	...	...
No bedrooms	105	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	7,400	...	...	80	...	...
2 bedrooms	23,600	...	...	300	...	...
3 bedrooms	36,065	...	...	770	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	19,580	...	...	410	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	86,750	...	...	1,560	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	14,465	...	...	220	...	...
5 rooms	14,205	...	...	295	...	...
6 rooms	15,820	...	...	355	...	...
7 rooms	13,360	...	...	275	...	...
8 or more rooms	28,905	...	...	420	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.7	...	...	6.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	86,750	...	...	1,560	...	...
One person or fewer per room	86,540	...	...	1,550	...	...
More than 1 person per room	210	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	86,750	...	...	1,560	...	...
Suitable	84,985	...	...	1,550	...	...
Not suitable	1,765	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	86,750	...	...	1,560	...	...
1960 or before	30,400	...	...	470	...	...
1961 to 1980	23,630	...	...	530	...	...
1981 to 1990	12,695	...	...	225	...	...
1991 to 2000	9,540	...	...	125	...	...
2001 to 2005	3,550	...	...	60	...	...
2006 to 2010	3,915	...	...	65	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	3,025	...	...	85	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	86,750	...	...	1,560	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	77,475	...	...	1,440	...	...
Major repairs needed	9,275	...	...	115	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	86,750	...	...	1,560	...	...
1 household maintainer	54,165	...	...	1,000	...	...
2 household maintainers	31,690	...	...	560	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	895	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	86,750	...	...	1,560	...	...
15 to 24 years	2,325	...	...	35	...	...
25 to 34 years	8,160	...	...	130	...	...
35 to 44 years	11,325	...	...	140	...	...
45 to 54 years	16,325	...	...	275	...	...
55 to 64 years	19,315	...	...	410	...	...
65 to 74 years	16,570	...	...	355	...	...
75 to 84 years	9,430	...	...	165	...	...
85 years and over	3,300	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	85,600	...	...	1,555	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	69,605	...	...	1,320	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	15,995	...	...	240	...	...
30% to less than 100%	14,275	...	...	210	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	65,535	...	...	1,255	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	48.9	...	...	36.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	11.9	...	...	10.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	638	...	...	535	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	793	...	...	741	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	160,463	...	...	149,875	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	196,741	...	...	176,876	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	20,160	...	...	300	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	14.2	...	...	33.3	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	40.6	...	...	36.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	711	...	...	571	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	754	...	...	661	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	164,955	79,880	85,075	2,980	1,450	1,530
No certificate, diploma or degree	41,790	22,575	19,210	665	335	325
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	40,120	19,180	20,950	725	320	410
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	83,045	38,125	44,920	1,585	795	790
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	18,045	12,205	5,840	525	390	135
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	10,485	5,945	4,545	200	95	105
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	7,560	6,265	1,295	330	295	35
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	37,950	14,500	23,450	720	280	440
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,655	1,320	2,340	70	20	55
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	23,390	10,100	13,295	265	105	165
Bachelor's degree	15,490	6,410	9,075	180	65	120
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,470	630	845	35	20	20
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	780	460	320	15	0	10
Master's degree	4,725	2,005	2,720	30	10	25
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	920	590	330	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	100,860	48,615	52,245	1,855	880	975
No certificate, diploma or degree	17,730	10,715	7,005	280	180	100
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	24,085	11,800	12,290	390	145	245
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	59,050	26,095	32,950	1,185	555	635
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	11,940	8,055	3,890	375	260	110
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	7,010	3,980	3,035	160	70	90
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	4,930	4,075	850	215	190	25
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	28,380	10,845	17,540	540	195	345
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,015	635	1,380	50	20	30
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	16,710	6,560	10,150	230	75	155
Bachelor's degree	11,270	4,390	6,880	150	45	105
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	910	310	605	30	10	15
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	565	275	295	10	0	10
Master's degree	3,465	1,310	2,145	30	10	20
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	495	275	215	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	164,955	79,880	85,075	2,980	1,450	1,530
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	81,910	41,755	40,160	1,395	650	740
Education	6,650	1,845	4,805	135	35	100
13. Education	6,650	1,845	4,805	135	35	95
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,855	865	985	10	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	325	245	80	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,530	620	905	0	0	0
Humanities	3,330	1,450	1,880	15	10	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	240	65	175	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	810	215	595	20	10	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	665	230	435	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	280	170	115	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	625	420	205	0	0	0
54. History	570	305	270	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	125	35	90	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	5,850	1,745	4,110	55	20	35
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	40	10	30	10	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	420	160	260	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,695	130	1,565	20	0	15
22. Legal professions and studies	745	280	470	10	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	80	20	65	0	0	0
42. Psychology	1,115	320	795	0	10	0
45. Social sciences	1,755	830	920	20	10	10
Business, management and public administration	18,295	4,105	14,185	370	45	320
30.16 Accounting and computer science	40	10	30	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	1,235	250	985	15	0	20
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	17,020	3,850	13,165	350	50	305
Physical and life sciences and technologies	2,205	1,265	940	20	10	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	1,095	550	545	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	405	245	155	15	10	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	20	10	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	590	445	145	0	0	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	105	15	90	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	2,335	1,210	1,135	30	0	25
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,870	1,035	830	25	0	30
25. Library science	250	40	205	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	195	115	75	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	25	10	15	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	19,120	18,215	910	550	500	50
04. Architecture and related services	170	90	75	0	0	0
14. Engineering	1,445	1,285	160	20	15	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	3,220	2,870	345	80	50	30
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	5,320	5,225	95	220	215	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	6,710	6,505	205	170	160	10
48. Precision production	2,260	2,230	30	55	55	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,945	1,225	725	10	0	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	1,210	675	530	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	740	550	190	10	0	0
Health and related fields	13,775	1,990	11,785	195	25	170
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	680	335	345	10	10	0
51. Health professions and related programs	12,905	1,525	11,380	180	15	165
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	190	130	60	0	0	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	7,675	4,215	3,460	205	140	65
12. Personal and culinary services	4,100	990	3,110	55	20	35
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	45	50	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	165	155	10	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	905	705	200	40	30	15
49. Transportation and materials moving	2,465	2,315	145	100	85	15
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	100,860	48,615	52,245	1,855	880	970
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	41,815	22,515	19,300	665	325	340
Education	4,200	1,040	3,160	95	35	60
13. Education	4,200	1,035	3,160	95	30	65
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,230	555	675	0	10	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	225	160	70	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,010	400	605	0	10	0
Humanities	2,130	890	1,240	15	0	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	165	50	110	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	515	120	400	15	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	425	110	315	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	10	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	175	110	60	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	395	260	130	0	0	0
54. History	380	205	175	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	75	30	50	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	4,465	1,135	3,335	45	20	25
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	35	10	30	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	325	120	205	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,365	95	1,275	10	10	0
22. Legal professions and studies	590	165	430	0	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	60	20	40	0	0	0
42. Psychology	830	200	625	10	0	0
45. Social sciences	1,260	525	730	20	0	10
Business, management and public administration	12,810	2,685	10,125	285	30	250
30.16 Accounting and computer science	35	10	30	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	985	160	825	20	0	15
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	11,795	2,520	9,275	260	30	235
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,465	790	675	10	0	15
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	760	355	405	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	275	155	120	10	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	390	280	115	10	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	40	0	35	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,920	970	945	25	0	25
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,640	895	740	25	0	20
25. Library science	145	15	135	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	105	50	60	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	30	10	15	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	13,645	12,805	840	390	345	40
04. Architecture and related services	115	50	65	0	0	0
14. Engineering	895	755	145	15	15	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,280	1,965	320	70	40	30
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	3,950	3,860	90	175	175	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	4,820	4,630	190	85	80	10
48. Precision production	1,580	1,545	30	35	35	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,525	885	640	10	10	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	935	470	465	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	590	420	170	0	10	0
Health and related fields	10,090	1,390	8,695	160	10	150
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	505	245	260	10	10	10
51. Health professions and related programs	9,465	1,070	8,390	140	10	135
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	120	75	50	0	0	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	5,575	2,955	2,620	160	100	55
12. Personal and culinary services	3,080	725	2,355	45	15	30
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	20	15	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	70	65	0	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	620	465	160	35	20	15
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,780	1,675	100	75	60	10
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	164,955	79,880	85,075	2,980	1,450	1,530
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	81,915	41,755	40,155	1,390	650	740
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	83,045	38,125	44,915	1,590	795	795
Location of study inside Canada	78,165	35,590	42,575	1,560	780	775
Same as province or territory of residence	62,070	27,305	34,765	1,495	750	745
Different than province or territory of residence	16,090	8,290	7,805	60	30	35
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	4,880	2,535	2,345	30	15	15
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,910	975	935	0	0	0
Philippines	110	30	80	0	0	0
India	105	60	45	15	10	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	1,290	740	550	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	50	25	30	0	0	0
France	65	40	30	0	0	0
Other	1,350	670	680	15	10	10
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	100,860	48,615	52,245	1,855	880	975
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	41,810	22,515	19,300	665	325	340
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	59,050	26,100	32,945	1,190	550	635
Location of study inside Canada	56,145	24,725	31,420	1,165	545	625
Same as province or territory of residence	45,395	19,390	26,000	1,105	510	595
Different than province or territory of residence	10,750	5,330	5,425	55	30	25
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	2,905	1,375	1,530	25	10	10
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	975	475	500	0	0	0
Philippines	105	30	80	0	0	0
India	75	40	35	10	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	760	390	370	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	35	15	25	0	0	0
France	30	20	10	0	0	0
Other	920	405	510	10	10	10
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	164,955	79,880	85,075	2,980	1,450	1,530
In the labour force	94,220	48,775	45,445	1,670	920	750
Employed	84,385	43,260	41,125	1,370	765	600
Unemployed	9,835	5,520	4,320	305	150	150
Not in the labour force	70,730	31,105	39,630	1,310	535	780
Participation rate	57.1	61.1	53.4	56.0	63.4	49.0
Employment rate	51.2	54.2	48.3	46.0	52.8	39.2
Unemployment rate	10.4	11.3	9.5	18.3	16.3	20.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	164,955	79,880	85,075	2,980	1,450	1,530
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	63,960	27,590	36,370	1,175	460	715
Worked	101,000	52,290	48,710	1,800	990	815
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	46,805	25,770	21,035	785	435	350
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	54,190	26,520	27,675	1,015	550	465
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.8	40.6	41.0	38.2	38.6	37.8
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	94,220	48,775	45,445	1,665	915	755
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,780	825	955	45	15	20
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	92,445	47,955	44,485	1,625	900	725
Employee	81,200	40,880	40,320	1,535	840	695
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	11,240	7,075	4,165	90	60	30
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	94,220	48,780	45,445	1,670	915	750
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,780	820	955	40	20	25
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	92,445	47,955	44,490	1,625	900	730
0 Management occupations	8,485	5,065	3,420	135	65	70
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	11,060	2,505	8,560	175	45	130
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	3,620	2,820	805	70	65	10
3 Health occupations	7,175	1,035	6,140	120	10	110
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	10,290	3,525	6,770	165	35	125
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,955	785	1,170	20	10	20
6 Sales and service occupations	21,065	7,250	13,815	345	140	200
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	14,090	13,320	765	445	395	50
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	7,770	6,770	1,000	85	75	10
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	6,940	4,885	2,055	65	55	10
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	94,225	48,780	45,445	1,670	915	750
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,780	825	955	45	20	25
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	92,445	47,955	44,485	1,625	900	725
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	8,525	6,950	1,575	70	60	10
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	440	425	15	40	30	10
22 Utilities	295	225	70	10	10	0
23 Construction	6,515	6,000	520	305	260	45
31-33 Manufacturing	10,680	7,765	2,915	115	95	25
41 Wholesale trade	2,360	1,720	635	20	15	10
44-45 Retail trade	12,505	5,320	7,185	225	80	140
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,845	2,125	725	120	85	35
51 Information and cultural industries	1,095	595	505	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	1,955	570	1,380	10	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	920	480	445	10	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	3,330	1,620	1,710	50	25	15
55 Management of companies and enterprises	30	10	25	10	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	3,685	2,005	1,675	65	20	40
61 Educational services	6,315	2,020	4,295	80	25	55
62 Health care and social assistance	12,890	1,795	11,095	215	35	180
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,525	685	840	20	10	15
72 Accommodation and food services	5,955	1,780	4,175	100	45	60
81 Other services (except public administration)	4,060	1,870	2,190	55	30	30
91 Public administration	6,515	4,015	2,505	115	60	55
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	84,385	43,260	41,125	1,365	765	600
Worked at home	6,470	3,130	3,340	35	30	15
Worked outside Canada	270	210	60	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	11,970	9,495	2,475	200	170	30
Worked at usual place	65,675	30,425	35,255	1,125	565	560
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	65,675	30,425	35,255	1,130	565	560
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	27,600	13,035	14,560	740	315	425
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	27,545	11,570	15,975	320	210	110
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	9,890	5,365	4,530	35	20	15
Commute to a different province or territory	645	455	185	30	20	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	77,650	39,920	37,730	1,330	740	590
Car, truck, van - as a driver	66,840	34,200	32,635	1,120	610	505
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	5,370	2,780	2,595	125	75	50
Public transit	645	355	290	15	10	0
Walked	3,540	1,690	1,850	35	0	25
Bicycle	275	210	60	0	0	0
Other method	985	685	300	40	30	10
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	77,645	39,920	37,730	1,325	735	590
Less than 15 minutes	33,955	16,620	17,335	710	335	375
15 to 29 minutes	26,325	12,800	13,530	290	160	130
30 to 44 minutes	9,530	5,350	4,180	130	85	40
45 to 59 minutes	3,235	1,860	1,380	40	30	10
60 minutes and over	4,600	3,290	1,310	160	125	35
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	77,650	39,920	37,725	1,330	735	590
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	5,090	3,675	1,420	155	120	35
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	14,340	8,565	5,770	235	170	65
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	24,430	13,060	11,370	270	140	125
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	15,450	5,530	9,915	265	105	160
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	6,250	2,110	4,145	165	30	135
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	12,080	6,975	5,105	240	170	70
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	103,800	53,670	50,125	1,870	1,020	845
Single responses	102,960	53,285	49,670	1,865	1,020	845
Official languages	102,865	53,230	49,635	1,860	1,020	845
English	99,665	51,560	48,105	1,865	1,015	845
French	3,205	1,670	1,530	0	0	0
Non-official languages	90	60	30	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	95	60	35	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	20	10	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	20	20	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	15	15	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	10	10	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	20	20	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	15	10	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	15	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	10	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	840	385	460	0	0	0
English and French	765	350	415	0	0	0
English and non-official language	75	30	50	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	103,800	53,670	50,130	1,870	1,020	845
None	97,435	50,600	46,840	1,840	1,015	830
English	2,275	1,220	1,055	0	0	0
French	3,770	1,730	2,035	10	0	10
Non-official language	295	115	180	15	10	10
Aboriginal	10	0	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	285	115	170	10	10	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	25	0	20	0	10	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	189,265	92,345	96,930	3,360	1,685	1,675
Non-movers	169,260	82,825	86,435	3,060	1,530	1,525
Movers	20,010	9,515	10,495	300	155	145
Non-migrants	9,235	4,415	4,820	225	130	100
Migrants	10,770	5,100	5,675	70	25	45
Internal migrants	10,185	4,775	5,400	70	25	45
Intraprovincial migrants	6,830	3,060	3,770	55	25	35
Interprovincial migrants	3,350	1,720	1,635	20	0	10
External migrants	590	320	270	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	182,895	89,085	93,810	3,255	1,610	1,645
Non-movers	130,175	64,020	66,155	2,580	1,280	1,300
Movers	52,725	25,065	27,655	675	325	350
Non-migrants	24,165	11,435	12,725	400	195	205
Migrants	28,560	13,630	14,930	280	130	145
Internal migrants	26,650	12,640	14,010	280	135	145
Intraprovincial migrants	17,390	8,085	9,300	160	85	75
Interprovincial migrants	9,265	4,550	4,715	120	50	70
External migrants	1,910	990	915	0	0	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Zone 1 - Western [Health region, December 2017], Nova Scotia and Placentia, T [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 5, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Zone 1 - Western [Health region, December 2017], Nova Scotia and Placentia, Town [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador

Census Profile, 2016 Census Zone 1 - Western [Health region, December 2017], Nova Scotia and Placentia, Town [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Zone 1 - Western [Health region, December 2017], Nova Scotia and Placentia, Town [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador